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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Set-backs »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Set-backs"

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Healy, Michael T., et Joy B. Zedler. « Set-backs in ReplacingPhalaris arundinaceaMonotypes with Sedge Meadow Vegetation ». Restoration Ecology 18, no 2 (mars 2010) : 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100x.2009.00645.x.

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Li, Yi, Jieting Yin et Yan Zhang. « Effects of Corner Set−Backs on Wind Loads and Wind Induced Responses of Rectangular Tall Buildings ». Applied Sciences 12, no 24 (12 décembre 2022) : 12742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412742.

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In order to investigate the effects of corner set-backs on wind loads and wind-induced responses of rectangular high-rise buildings, pressure measurements were carried out on a benchmark model (CARRC) and four models with different rates (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) of corner set-backs in a boundary layer wind tunnel. The test results show that the corner set-backs contribute to reducing along-wind loads of the rectangular high-rise building models, and the maximum reduction happens at 10% corner set-back. The across-wind loads decrease as the rate of corner set-back is increasing and the maximum reduction emerges at 20% corner set-back. The RMS accelerations at the top of models also decrease with the increasing of rate of corner set-back in along-wind and across-wind. Through the fitting of test results, empirical formulas for the correlation factors of base moment coefficients of rectangular high-rise buildings with different rates of corner set-back are put forward. Moreover, the correlation factors for the power spectrum densities of base moments are listed at typical frequencies corresponding to the practical tall buildings. The outputs of this paper aim to serve as references for wind-resistant design of similar buildings in strong wind region.
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Ebomoyi, William, et Shankar Srinivasan. « Genomic technologies and the imminent set-backs in developing nations ». International Journal of Medical Engineering and Informatics 3, no 4 (2011) : 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmei.2011.044751.

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Brinkley, Alex. « Automation Remodels the Distribution Landscape ». New Electronics 53, no 7 (14 avril 2020) : 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s0047-9624(22)61206-9.

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Raji, Abdulazeez Umar, et Umar Ahmed Attah. « Enforcing Building Set Backs as a Viable Strategy for an Emerging City ». Path of Science 3, no 6 (19 juin 2017) : 2.1–2.7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22178/pos.23-2.

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Kumar, Valluripalli, Rajkumar Singh et Arabinda Chaudhuri. « Cationic Transfection Lipids in Gene Therapy : Successes, Set-backs, Challenges and Promises ». Current Medicinal Chemistry 10, no 14 (1 juillet 2003) : 1297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867033457458.

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Aksoylu, M. Gunhan, Yavuz Durgun et Kutlu Darilmaz. « Evaluation of combination rules for multi-story buildings with asymmetric set-backs ». Earthquakes and Structures 11, no 1 (25 juillet 2016) : 179–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.11.1.179.

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Szmukler, George. « Foreign Report : Psychiatry in Australia ». Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists 11, no 8 (août 1987) : 258–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0140078900017508.

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After some 13 years of pale-faced exile in England I returned with some excitement to Australia, eager to share in its psychiatric development and perhaps to benefit a little from the fruits of what appears as the international rapacity of Murdoch, Holmes a Court, Elders IXL et al. The second more furtive wish suffered early set-backs as I discovered that the Australian economy was dipping alarmingly and that the Australian dollar, once to my mind as solid as Ayer's Rock, was sinking rather than floating against other currencies. This has meant cut-backs in government expenditure, health included, threatening my first wish as well.
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Montuori, R. « Theory of Plastic Mechanism Control of Seismic-Resistant MR-Frames with Set-Backs ». Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 6, no 1 (28 décembre 2012) : 404–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801206010404.

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Stewart, Hamish. « Harms, Wrongs, and Set-Backs in Feinberg's Moral Limits of the Criminal Law ». Buffalo Criminal Law Review 5, no 1 (1 avril 2001) : 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nclr.2001.5.1.47.

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Plus de sources

Thèses sur le sujet "Set-backs"

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Troisi, Marina. « Influenza del comportamento ciclico dei collegamenti trave-colonna sulla risposta sismica di telai in acciaio regolari o in presenza di "set-backs" ». Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/1916.

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2012 - 2013
In accordo con i criteri della progettazione sismica tradizionale, la dissipazione dell’energia sismica in ingresso nei telai sismo-resistenti avviene in alcune zone degli elementi strutturali che vengono impegnate in campo plastico e che, quindi, devono essere dettagliate in maniera appropriata al fine di assicurare cicli di isteresi ampi e stabili. Le zone dissipative possono essere localizzate alle estremità della trave o negli elementi di collegamento a seconda della tipologia di nodo trave-colonna impiegata. Infatti, le connessioni trave-colonna possono essere progettate sia come nodi a completo ripristino di resistenza, con una sufficiente sovraresistenza rispetto alla trave collegata concentrando le zone dissipative alle estremità delle travi, o come nodo a parziale ripristino di resistenza, di modo che l’energia sismica in ingresso è dissipata attraverso l’impegno plastico di componenti nodali opportunamente selezionate. Il presente lavoro si propone di valutare l’influenza della tipologia di nodi trave colonna a parziale ripristino di resistenza sulla risposta sismica di telai sismo-resistenti in acciaio regolari e con irregolarità di tipo “set-backs”, a partire dalla conoscenza del comportamento rotazionale ciclico dei collegamenti, al fine di sviluppare metodologie più accurate per la valutazione della prestazione sismica di strutture con tale tipo di connessioni. Le strutture utilizzate sono telai sismo-resistenti in acciaio piani progettati adottando una rigorosa metodologia basata sui teoremi limite del collasso plastico in grado di assicurare lo sviluppo di un meccanismo di collasso di tipo globale. Le tipologie di connessione considerate sono quattro nodi a parziale ripristino di resistenza, progettati al fine di ottenere la stessa resistenza flessionale di progetto partendo da dettagli costruttivi differenti e quindi portando a risorse di duttilità e caratteristiche dissipative del tutto diverse. Le prime tre connessioni sono state progettate mediante criteri di gerarchia a livello delle singole componenti mentre la quarta connessione è un nodo trave-colonna equipaggiato con dissipatori ad attrito posizionati in corrispondenza delle flange della trave collegata progettato e dettagliato al fine di dissipare l’energia sismica in ingresso in funzione del massimo spostamento richiesto in occasione di eventi sismici di tipo distruttivo. L’utilizzo di questi nodi trave colonna è legato alla disponibilità di risultati sperimentali relativi alla loro risposta rotazionale ciclica, in quanto essi sono stati testati all’interno di sub-assemblaggi strutturali presso il laboratorio delle strutture dell’Università degli Studi di Salerno. Infatti, il comportamento ciclico di tali nodi trave-colonna è complicato dallo sviluppo di degrado di resistenza e rigidezza e dal fenomeno del pinching all’aumentare del numero di cicli, fenomeni governati da regole che non possono essere dedotte mediante approcci teorici semplificati. Al fine di valutare la risposta sismica dei telai in acciaio sismo-resistenti, è necessaria una modellazione accurata della struttura che sia in grado di rappresentarne correttamente sia la rigidezza che le caratteristiche di deformabilità, specialmente con riferimento alle connessioni trave-colonna, essendo la dissipazione dell’energia sismica in ingresso ottenuta attraverso la plasticizzazione di tali elementi. Nello specifico, i nodi trave-colonna sono stati modellati attraverso elementi molla rotazionale inelastica posizionati alle estremità delle travi la cui curva momento-rotazione è caratterizzata da un comportamento ciclico che porta in conto sia il degrado di resistenza che di rigidezza, nonché, il fenomeno del pinching. Successivamente, è stata portata avanti una ricerca volta ad ottenere, a partire dal comportamento ciclico dei nodi così modellati, una previsione della risposta sismica della struttura attraverso l’uso di analisi dinamiche al fine di investigare l’influenza del dettaglio costruttivo del nodo sulla risposta sismica dei telai sismo-resistenti in acciaio regolari. [a cura dell'autore]
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Livres sur le sujet "Set-backs"

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Couch, Mark. Refuse to Quit : Whether It Is Divorce, Surgery, Business, Ministry to Fight Through Set Backs & Fear Prepares You for Victory and Success. Mark Couch Ministries, 2021.

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Chomba, Martin Warui. How to Succeed in Hard Times : A Look at Eleven Practices for Success in Hard Times. Learn How to Turn Your Set Backs to Be Your Stepping Stones. Independently Published, 2019.

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Rojas, Carlos, et Andrea Bachner. Introduction. Sous la direction de Carlos Rojas et Andrea Bachner. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199383313.013.45.

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Anchored by an illustrative analysis of Malaysian Chinese author Ng Kim Chew’s 2001 short story “Kebei” [Inscribed Backs], this introduction lays out some of the central concerns of the volume as a whole. In particular, the chapter uses Ng’s story to reassess some common assumptions about what modern Chinese literature is, and how the category might alternatively be understood. In the process, the chapter structures its discussion around an analysis of an early definition of the Chinese termwen, meaning “marking,” “text,” or “culture/civilization”—using three different elements of this early definition to introduce the three parts of this edited volume. The volume is divided into three parts, on Structure, Taxonomy, and Methodology. Part I examines a set of structural elements that inform how texts are produced, distributed, and consumed; Part II focuses on issues of literary taxonomy, and particularly the historical, national, and formal groupings that comprise the category of modern Chinese literature; and Part III illustrates various analytical methodologies that may be used to interpret literary texts.
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Set-backs"

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Miettinen, O. S. « ‘Clinical Epidemiology’ & ; EBM as Set-Backs ». Dans Up from Clinical Epidemiology & ; EBM, 137–38. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9501-5_18.

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Cottrell, Stella. « Mindful management of stress and set-backs ». Dans Mindfulness for Students, 185–90. London : Macmillan Education UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-352-00236-2_46.

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Stirzaker, David. « STOCHASTIC SET-BACKS ». Dans Combinatorics, Complexity, and Chance, 285–98. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198571278.003.0018.

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Hyamson, Albert M. « Set-Backs and Advances ». Dans The Sephardim of England, 36–52. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003027423-4.

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Frazer, James George. « Chapter 1 between heaven and earth ». Dans The Golden Bough. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538829.003.0046.

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i The priest of Aricia and the Golden Bough. What was the Golden Bough? We have travelled far since we turned our backs on Nemi and set forth in quest of the secret of the Golden Bough. We now enter on the last stage...
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LaLonde, Chris. « Did You Hear the One About … ? » Dans Karen Tei Yamashita. University of Hawai'i Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824872946.003.0005.

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If Yamashita has pursued serious enough themes of environmental damage or the set-backs to dreams of ideal Japanese settlement in Brazil (respectively in the two titles within the chapter title), that is not to underplay the force of wit and humor in her writings. This essay deconstructs Yamashita’s seams of dark laughter, her deft irony, whether behind the talking ball and Chicolandia inThrough the Arc or the funny-sardonic conversations as to actual as against utopian Nikkei historic community in Brazil-Maru.
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Aung-Thwin, Michael A. « The Last Decades and the Decline of Ava ». Dans Myanmar in the Fifteenth Century. University of Hawai'i Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824867836.003.0008.

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The kingdom that was Ava came to an “end” in 1526-7. It can be attributed to both long-term structural causes as well as “incidents of the moment,” events that set “afire” the former “kindling.” These “incidents of the moment” can accelerate but also slow down (sometimes, actually reverse) long-term patterns and trends. In Ava’s case, they accelerated its decline. The merit-path to salvation, court factionalism, the patron-client system, and the growth of Shan ascendancy on the one hand, and military set-backs, serendipitous events, and intransigent personalities on the other, resulted in the “fall” of the First Ava Dynasty in 1527. Thereafter, Ava became an ordinary myosa-ship and ceased being the exemplary center of Upper Myanmar, until raised once again as capital of the Second Ava Dynasty in 1600, which is beyond the scope of this study.
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Raymond, Leigh. « Other Applications of the Public Benefit Model and Normative Reframing ». Dans Reclaiming the Atmospheric Commons. The MIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262034746.003.0005.

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After RGGI’s implementation in 2008, a series of political set backs led some to declare cap and trade “dead.” This chapter rejects the asserted demise of cap and trade, arguing that the public benefit model for climate policies offers the best hope for political progress. The chapter reviews post-2008 climate policies, noting thatdespite a few prominent failures,cap and trade with auction has become the most common approach to addressing climate change. In addition, the chapter documents how three policies—the EU ETS, California’s cap and trade program, and RGGI—used the public benefit frame to resist political challenges and strengthen their emissions goals. The chapter then describes additional potential applications for the public benefit model, including carbon tax policies and the new Clean Power Plan regulations promulgated by the U.S. EPA in 2015. As uses of the public benefit frame expand, the chapter notes, a key question for the future will be what types of policy designs will be perceived as “fitting” with the norms that constitute the frame. Finally, the chapter discusses how normative framing could improve the ability to understand and predict other sudden policy changes beyond the topic of climate change.
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Taylor, Isaac. « Counter-terrorism, ethics of ». Dans Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780415249126-l174-1.

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Counterterrorist efforts by states are sometimes thought to be subject to different moral principles than superficially similar practices. For example, while the search for peaceful solutions is normally taken to be a moral imperative for those involved in armed conflicts, politicians sometimes make statements like ‘we do not negotiate with terrorists’, thereby denying the applicability of the imperative in conflicts involving terrorist groups. In order to see whether this sort of view is justified, we need to be clear about what we mean when we talk about terrorism. Both normative elements (which explain how terrorism is morally distinct from other sorts of harmful actions) and descriptive elements (which explain how terrorist groups differ sociologically from other groups) may be significant in thinking about what moral limits should be maintained when combating terrorism. Three state institutions that are often involved in counterterrorist activities are the military, the police, and the criminal justice system. The actions of all three raise significant ethical questions that have been the subject of debate. When militaries use deadly force against terrorists, we need to determine whether their actions are best understood as acts of war (and therefore subject to principles of just war theory or something similar) or policing operations (subject to different requirements). When the police pursue terrorists, the question of whether set-backs to liberty are justified by increases in security looms large. Finally, in the criminal justice system, issues concerning what rights should be granted to terrorist suspects in custody, and how terrorism should be punished, need to be considered in light of many governments’ policies in this area.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Set-backs"

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Stuessel, Rolf. « The Airbus Family - Progress and Set-Backs in Development of European Commercial Aircraft ». Dans AIAA International Air and Space Symposium and Exposition : The Next 100 Years. Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2003-2884.

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Modrić, Toni, Šime Veršić et Nikola Foretić. « Match running performance in relation to a playing position in Croatian Football League ». Dans 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno : Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-19.

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Global popularity of football (soccer) has led to implementation of scientific and technolog-ical knowledge in its everyday use. One of such things that has been expanding in recent years is the application of various technologies for monitoring running performance during trainings and matches. The aim of this study was to evaluate match running performance of professional football/soccer players during oficial matches by using global positioning sys-tem (GPS) technology, and to compare it among playing positions. One hundred and one match performance of “Hajduk” team in 14 matches of Croatian Football League season 2018/2019 were used for this study. The activities of the players were monitored using GPS technology (Catapult S5 and X4 devices, Melbourne, Australia) with a sampling frequency of 10 Hz. Total distance covered, distance in different speed cat-egories, total and high intensity accelerations and decelerations were analyzed for players in five different playing positions: central defenders (n=26), full-backs (n=24), midfielders (n=33), wingers (n=10), and forwards (n=8). Additionally, running performances were cor-related with InStat index, regular performance indicator which is calculated on the basis of unique set of key parameters for each position (12 to 14 factors). Average total distance covered during match was 10.3 km, with midfielders covering larg-est (11.1 km) and central backs covering smallest average distance (9.3 km). Playing po-sitions differed significantly in high intensity running (F-test = 21.97 and 18.84, p 25 km/h, respectively). The side positions (wingers and full-backs) covered highest-, while central defenders covered lowest-average distance (914, 775, and 376 m, respectively). The wingers had highest number of high intensity accelerations and decelerations (> 3 m/s2; F-test = 16.56 and 17.98, p 0.5 m/s2; F-test = 6.57, and 15.26, p < 0.01, respectively). InStat index was not correlated with data ob-tained by GPS measurement. Results from this study indicate that running demands differ depending on playing positions so these findings should be applied in creating training plan and program. Future studies should evaluate data from multiple teams for getting more applicable findings.
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Amirov, A., F. Hadiaman, D. Parra, J. Zeynalov et A. Kok. « Successful Gas Shut Off Operation using a Coiled Tubing Telemetry System : A Case History ». Dans SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204414-ms.

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Abstract In a deviated well in Caspian Sea gas oil ratio (GOR) increased rapidly in 2017. The result was an oil rate decline with several choke backs to manage GOR build-up. After performing two production-logging jobs, it was confirm that 76% of the gas production was coming from four upper perforations. The main objective was to perform a Gas Shut off (GSO) treatment in two stages to reduce gas production by squeezing polymer into the formation and setting packers at 59° deviation inside 9-5/8 in. casing for temporarily isolation of middle and lower production sands. Fifteen runs were perform with a tube wire-enabled CT telemetry (CTT) system which consists of a customized bottomhole assembly (BHA) that instantaneously transmits differential pressure, temperature, depth data to surface through a non-intrusive tube wire installed inside the CT. For the first time in the region, a tension, compression and torque (TCT) sub-assembly was deploy to control the entire set/retrieve process with accurate downhole upward/downward forces. CTT technology was a key element to successfully set two Thru Tubing Inflatable Retrievable Packers (TTIRP) by doing casing collar locator (CCL) correlations at tubing end which was 133 m and 228 m (MD) shallower from setting depths. In addition, during second GSO operation, polymer crosslink time was modify based on actual bottomhole temperature recorded with CTT system. Finally, during third GSO treatment placement was improve spotting more GSO system in casing section avoiding further treatments. After successful placement of the GSO system, a drop from 15.5 to 4.5 MMscf/day in gas production was observed along with GOR reduction from 11,000 to 750 MMscf/bbl and oil rate increment from 1.4 to 6.04 Mbpd. Furthermore, after gas reduction operator was able to produce between 1.5 to 2.0 Mbpd from other wells that were choke back based on gas handling capabilities limitations The novelty of using the CTT system and TCT sub-assembly for real-time monitoring of BHA data was proven for not only positioning two TTIRP, modifying polymers crosslink design, placing polymer precisely across target intervals and retrieve two TTIRP that at the end provide direct and positive financial impact for the operator.
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Hilton, Ethan C., Shaunna F. Smith, Robert L. Nagel, Julie S. Linsey et Kimberly G. Talley. « University Makerspaces : More Than Just Toys ». Dans ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86311.

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University makerspaces are growing increasingly in vogue, especially in Colleges of Engineering, but there is little empirical evidence in the literature that these spaces impact the students. Speculations have been made about these spaces creating a community of practice, improving retention, improving design skills and self-efficacy, teaching manufacturing skills, improving creativity, and providing many other benefits, but this has not been empirically documented. This paper compares student engineering design self-efficacy (i.e., confidence, motivation, expectation of success, and anxiety toward conducting engineering design) to reported usage rates from a makerspace at a large Hispanic-serving university in the Southwestern United States. Not all users of these spaces were engineering students, and as such, responses were examined through the context of student major as well as differences in gender, race/ethnicity, or first-generation college student status. Design self-efficacy is critical because when individuals have high self-efficacy for particular skills they tend to seek more opportunities to apply those skills, and show more perseverance in the face of set-backs. Thus, self-efficacy is often a good predictor of achievement. The results from one year of data at the Hispanic-serving university indicate that female and first-generation college students have significantly lower engineering design self-efficacy scores. The data also shows that being a user of the makerspace correlates to a higher confidence, motivation, and expectation of success toward engineering design. Initial data from two additional schools are also consistent with these same results. These results indicate that, for all students, regardless of race/ethnicity and/or first generation status, being a frequent user of a university-serving makerspace likely positively impacts confidence, motivation, and expectation of success toward engineering design.
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Felappi, Francesca, Simone Giovannini et Giovanni Matteo Giuliani. « How a Single Field Development is Becoming a Hub ». Dans Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207582-ms.

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Abstract The work presented in this paper shows how a single development evolved in a main Production Hub to unlock stranded resources, fast tracking subsequent marginal gas discoveries, by improving the flexibility of the subsea and treatment facilities. The approach was supported by a coherent activity about exploration program in the area, JV partnership and contracting strategy. During the Execution phase of a subsea development, a new discovery was made in deep water, 35 km from the Floating Production Unit (FPU). Following this discovery, given the potential for further developments in the area (stranded gas reservoirs and further new gas discoveries), the decision of considering the FPU as a future Production Hub has been taken and FPU has been converted accordingly. The inlet facilities have been designed to guarantee the possibility of receiving well fluids at different pressure levels (high pressure for the new developments and low pressure for productions in depletion) with high production flexibility. Several verifications have been performed to maximize the production flowrates at different pressure values, according to the envelope of data from exploration activities, via adequate arrangements for future expansion. These verifications considered the FPU as it is and with the implementation of minor and major modifications (including retrofitting offshore of new process modules). Design and timing of new equipment as minor/major brownfield modification have been set-up to cope with the modulate field profiles to keep FPU operating flowrate to its maximum value for longer time. In particular, the choice of new booster gas compressors has been planned, in order to select the best configuration for the most recent Hub development plan and to install them at the right time. Converting a barycentric infrastructure in a Hub ensures a significant reduction of CAPEX for future developments (limited to subsea tie-backs only), allowing to reconsider projects previously evaluated economically unsustainable. Moreover, the Hub shall guarantee a long-term gas production by continuous addition of new discoveries in the area, making it an essential facility for the energy future of the Country.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Set-backs"

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Lieth, J. Heiner, Michael Raviv et David W. Burger. Effects of root zone temperature, oxygen concentration, and moisture content on actual vs. potential growth of greenhouse crops. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7586547.bard.

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Soilless crop production in protected cultivation requires optimization of many environmental and plant variables. Variables of the root zone (rhizosphere) have always been difficult to characterize but have been studied extensively. In soilless production the opportunity exists to optimize these variables in relation to crop production. The project objectives were to model the relationship between biomass production and the rhizosphere variables: temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration and water availability by characterizing potential growth and how this translates to actual growth. As part of this we sought to improve of our understanding of root growth and rhizosphere processes by generating data on the effect of rhizosphere water status, temperature and dissolved oxygen on root growth, modeling potential and actual growth and by developing and calibrating models for various physical and chemical properties in soilless production systems. In particular we sought to use calorimetry to identify potential growth of the plants in relation to these rhizosphere variables. While we did experimental work on various crops, our main model system for the mathematical modeling work was greenhouse cut-flower rose production in soil-less cultivation. In support of this, our objective was the development of a Rose crop model. Specific to this project we sought to create submodels for the rhizosphere processes, integrate these into the rose crop simulation model which we had begun developing prior to the start of this project. We also sought to verify and validate any such models and where feasible create tools that growers could be used for production management. We made significant progress with regard to the use of microcalorimetry. At both locations (Israel and US) we demonstrated that specific growth rate for root and flower stem biomass production were sensitive to dissolved oxygen. Our work also identified that it is possible to identify optimal potential growth scenarios and that for greenhouse-grown rose the optimal root zone temperature for potential growth is around 17 C (substantially lower than is common in commercial greenhouses) while flower production growth potential was indifferent to a range as wide as 17-26C in the root zone. We had several set-backs that highlighted to us the fact that work needs to be done to identify when microcalorimetric research relates to instantaneous plant responses to the environment and when it relates to plant acclimation. One outcome of this research has been our determination that irrigation technology in soilless production systems needs to explicitly include optimization of oxygen in the root zone. Simply structuring the root zone to be “well aerated” is not the most optimal approach, but rather a minimum level. Our future work will focus on implementing direct control over dissolved oxygen in the root zone of soilless production systems.
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