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Leffers, H. C. B., M. L. Hermansen, B. Sandholt, A. Fuchs, H. Sillesen, L. Køber, K. F. Kofoed, M. Faurschou et S. Jacobsen. « Plasma levels of β2-microglobulin are associated with atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus : a cross-sectional cohort study ». Lupus 27, no 9 (28 juin 2018) : 1517–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203318784661.
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Objective The objective of this paper is to examine the association between plasma levels of β2-microglobulin (β2MG), a protein previously associated with atherosclerosis, and the presence of carotid plaque (CP) or coronary artery calcium (CAC) in a cross-sectional cohort study of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Patients with SLE were enrolled between June 2013 and May 2014. The presence of CP and CAC was assessed with ultrasonography and computed tomography scan, respectively. The presence of CP or CAC in the SLE patients was analyzed with respect to plasma levels of β2MG and renal function expressed as the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results The study cohort consisted of 147 patients, 89% women and 95% Caucasians. The median age was 46 (range: 21–75) years with a median disease duration of 14 years. CP and CAC was observed in 29 (20%) and 57 (39%) of patients, respectively. CP or CAC was seen in 62 (42%) patients and was associated with the highest quartile of plasma β2MG in patients with eGFR ≥ 90 ml/min/1.73 m2; OR = 18 (95% CI: 1.7–181). β2MG adjusted for eGFR was also associated with presence of CP or CAC in the total cohort. The exclusion of 25 patients with a prior history of cardiovascular disease did not change the observed associations. Conclusion In this study, we found significant associations between imaging markers of atherosclerosis and high plasma levels of plasma β2MG. These data suggest that β2MG is a candidate for further study as a biomarker for atherosclerosis in SLE.
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Javle, Milind M., Karthikeyan Murugesan, Rachna T. Shroff, Mitesh J. Borad, Reham Abdel-Wahab, Alexa Betzig Schrock, Jon Chung et al. « Profiling of 3,634 cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) to identify genomic alterations (GA), tumor mutational burden (TMB), and genomic loss of heterozygosity (gLOH). » Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no 15_suppl (20 mai 2019) : 4087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.4087.
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4087 Background: The management of CCA has evolved as targeted and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) therapies have emerged. We used comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) to characterize the genomic alterations (GA) that have potential to personalize therapy for CCA. Methods: 3634 CCA underwent hybrid capture based CGP on 0.8-1.1 Mb of the coding genome to identify GAs in exons and select introns in up to 404 genes, TMB, microsatellite status (MSI) and % monoallelic genome (gLOH). PD-L1 expression was determined by IHC (Dako 22C3). Results: 52% of CCA were female with a median age of 62 years (range 16 - > 89). The most common biopsy sites were liver (74%), lymph node (4%), bile duct (3.3%), and lung (2%). MSI-high was rare (1%), 118 and 47 cases had TMB > 10 and > 20 mut/mb respectively. Of the latter, 51% (24/47) were MSI-H. PD-L1 amplification (AMP) was present in 0.27%. Of 490 CCA tested, 43 (9%) were positive for PD-L1 expression. 11% of cases had gLOH > 16%, only 2 cases had both TMB > 20 and gLOH > 16%. GA were most common in TP53 (31%), CDKN2A (29%), KRAS (20%) and ARID1A (17%). Potentially targetable GAs included FGFR2 (11%, 85% fusions), BRAF (5%, 50% V600E), ERBB2 (5%, 72% AMP), MET (2%, 90% AMP), EGFR (0.52%) and rarer ( < 0.5%) FGFR3, RET, FGFR1, ALK, and ROS1 fusions. The FGFR2 fusions had 128 unique 3’ partner genes including BICC1 (26%), CCDC6 (3.2%), AHCYL1 (2.6%) and KIAA1217 (2.6%). FGFR2 fusions occurred in a mutually exclusive fashion from high gLOH (p < 0.002), but not high TMB. GA in IDH1 (15%) were mutually exclusive of FGFR2 fusions (p < 1e-13), but co-occurred with PBRM1 GA (23%, p < 1e-21), ARID1A (26% p < 1e-10). IDH1 GA had gLOH similar to the overall CCA population but were enriched for low TMB (p < 1e-3). Conclusions: Nearly 20% of CCA cases harbor targetable kinase GA, half of which were FGFR2 fusions. Independently, an additional 10% (gLOH) and 1% (high TMB, MSI and/or PD-L1 AMP) may benefit from PARP inhibitors and ICPI respectively. Independently, co-mutation of IDH1 and PBRM1/ARID1A defines a class of CCA that warrants further investigation for sensitivity to PARP inhibitors and may serve as a paradigm for other tumors (ie. gliomas) with a similar co-occurrence landscape.
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Thomas, Jacob Stephen, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Syma Iqbal, Denice D. Tsao-Wei, Afsaneh Barzi, Vinay Duddalwar, Sarah Cole et al. « A first-in-human phase I study of sEphB4-HSA (sEphB4) with expansion in hepatocellular (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). » Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no 4_suppl (1 février 2018) : 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.285.
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285 Background: EphrinB4, a receptor kinase, is associated with stage and survival in epithelial cancers. sEphB4 is a fusion protein of soluble EphB4 and albumin. sEphB4 binds to EphrinB2, a protein expressed in tumor cells and vessels, and blocks bidirectional signaling. sEphB4 downregulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, inhibits angiogenesis, and promotes recruitment of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells. MTD was not reached during dose escalation. The RP2D was 10 mg/Kg weekly. Here we report the results of the expansion cohorts in HCC and CCA. Methods: The study evaluated the safety, PK, PD and efficacy of sEphB4 in pts with advanced solid tumors in a 3+3 design with expansion at the RP2D in 7 solid tumors including HCC and CCA. Pts received sEphB4 10 mg/kg IV weekly in 28-day cycles. Eligibility included ECOG 0-1, Child-Pugh score ≤ 7, platelets > 50,000, AST/ALT ≤ 3xULN, serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5mg/dL and no uncontrolled hypertension. Results: 29 pts were treated: 17 HCC and 12 biliary cancers (8 CCA and 4 gallbladder). Median age was 63(25-77). ECOG PS was 1 in 76%. Median prior regimens were 1 (0-6) for HCC and 2 (1-3) for biliary cancers. 2 HCC pts had prior liver transplantation, 9 had prior anti PD-1 therapy and 2 had Child-Pugh score of B7. Median number of cycles was 4 (1-21) in HCC and 2 (1-17) in CCA. No grade 4 treatment-related adverse events (TRAE). Grade 3 TRAE were hypertension (41%) and fatigue, headache, neutropenia all in 1 pt each. Disease progression was the most common reason for treatment discontinuation. Median PFS in months was 5.0 (3.0-7.5) in HCC and 3.0 (1.6-9.2) in CCA. Median OS in months was 27.1 (4.4-27.1) in HCC and 12.0 (3.0-28.2) in CCA. Disease control rate was 70% in HCC and 42% in CCA including 1 PR in HCC. In HCC pts, 5/5 with 3+ EphrinB2 expression in tumor had PR or SD ≥ 6 months. Only 1/4 pts with ≤2+ expression had SD ≥ 4 months. 3/3 pts with HCC showed an increase in T cell infiltration, and decrease in pS6 (PI3K pathway activity) on post-treatment biopsy. Conclusions: sEphB4 has a manageable safety profile with preliminary evidence of anti-tumor activity in pretreated pts with HCC and biliary cancers. Several trials combining sEphB4-HSA with cytotoxic chemotherapy or immunotherapy are ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT01642342.
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Geltman, D. V. « Nomenclature Section of XIX International Botanical Congress (July 17–21, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China) : activity and principal decisions ». Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 48 (2017) : 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2017.48.5.
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Nomenclature Section of XIX International Botanical Congress (Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China) worked during July 17–21. 155 delegates from 29 countries participated in this section; they have also 427 institutional votes. Of 397 proposals to amend International code of nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants 113 ones (28.5%) were accepted as such or with amendments. The paper contains brief characteristics of the activity of the Nomenclature Section and the review of its principal decisions which in comparison with those adopted by previous, XVIII International Botanical Congress (Melbourne) look conservative enough.
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Parikh, Kinjal, Davecia Ragoonath Cameron, Tristin Abair, Patrick Kugel et Arndt Vogel. « Targeted therapies in cholangiocarcinoma : Assessment of US oncologist practice patterns. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no 3_suppl (20 janvier 2021) : 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.3_suppl.347.
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347 Background: Chemotherapy is a mainstay treatment modality for patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Recent developments and new approvals have led to changing paradigms, incorporating the use of targeted therapies for patients with progressive disease. Given the need for a greater understanding of the molecular alterations, varying targets, and available and emerging therapies, education is needed to assess knowledge regarding these recent advances in unresectable CCA. The goal of this activity was to increase the knowledge of self-assess the learning needs of oncologists in treating patients with unresectable CCA. Methods: The education included 25 multiple choice questions in a continuing medical education (CME)-certified clinical practice assessment to assess practice gaps. The questions were designed to measure knowledge, competence, confidence, and attitudes of oncologists regarding clinical evidence, role of molecular testing, and place in the treatment paradigm for targeted therapies in unresectable CCA. The self-assessment was made available online to physicians as a learning tool to gain foundational knowledge, as well as receive feedback about their performance as compared to other test-takers, to improve self-awareness of their own personal educational gaps. The activity launched 6/24/20, and data are reported through 8/31/20. Results: A total of 1,009 learners, including 758 physicians, participated in the activity. Of the 104 oncologists that participated, a majority practiced in the community setting, saw patients with a range of cancers, and were not confident about using targeted therapies or recognizing targets for biomarker testing. Oncologists demonstrated the following gaps related to: NGS sequencing and biomarkers: 21% do not use; 32% use upon progressive disease; 35% did not realize that not all panels detect FGFR2 fusions; 20% do not test for biomarkers; 29% and 56% test for IDH or FGFR, respectively; 60% recognize the incidence of IDH1 mutations; Clinical trial (FIGHT202 and ClarIDHy): 45% were able to identify biomarker eligibility for pemigatinib; 9% were able to identify pemigatinib OS outcomes; 30% were able to recognize most common grade 3 AE of pemigatinib; 51% recognized the PFS endpoint with ivosidenib; 34% were able to identify eligibility for ivosidenib; 55% recognized most common AEs of ivosidenib. Conclusions: This CME-certified clinical practice assessment identified gaps in knowledge, competence, and confidence regarding testing and use of targeted therapies and emerging data in patients with unresectable CCA. As new data emerges and the number of targets and targeted therapies expand, continued education remains important to continue to optimize patient care.
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Deutsch, H., K. Becker, J. Pittner, V. Bonacic-Koutecky, S. Matt et T. D. Märk. « Semiclassical calculations of the cross section for electron-impact ionization of ». Journal of Physics B : Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 29, no 21 (14 novembre 1996) : 5175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/29/21/027.
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Feng, Yin-Hsun, Wu-Chou Su, Do-Youn Oh, Lin Shen, Kyu-Pyo Kim, Xiufeng Liu, Huimin Liao et al. « Updated analysis with longer follow up of a phase 2a study evaluating erdafitinib in Asian patients (pts) with advanced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alterations. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no 4_suppl (1 février 2022) : 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.4_suppl.430.
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430 Background: Pts with CCA progressing after first-line therapy have limited treatment options. We report an updated analysis of the ongoing LUC2001 open-label, multicenter, phase 2a study (NCT02699606) investigating the efficacy and safety of erdafitinib in Asian pts with advanced CCA and FGFR alterations who progressed after ≥1 prior systemic treatment. Methods: Eligible adults (aged ≥18 years) received erdafitinib 8 mg once daily (QD) with pharmacodynamically guided up-titration to 9 mg QD. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR; RECIST 1.1); secondary endpoints included best overall response (BOR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Survival estimates were determined by the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Of 232 patients with CCA who underwent molecular screening, 39 (16.8%) had FGFR alterations (21 [9.1%] fusions and 19 [8.2%] mutations). Overall, 22 (9.5%) eligible pts (median age, 52 [range, 29–69] years) were enrolled and received treatment. Median follow-up was 22.4 (range, 2.3–47.0) months; median treatment duration was 6.2 (range, 1.5–35.6) months. All 22 pts received ≥1 line of prior systemic therapy and 12 (55.0%) pts had ≥2 prior lines of therapy. The ORR was 40.9% (95% CI, 20.7%–63.6%) and median time to response was 1.8 (range, 1.5–5.6) months. Median DOR was 7.3 (95% CI, 3.7–17.5) months, median PFS was 5.6 (95% CI, 3.6–12.7) months, and median OS was 40.2 (95% CI: 9.9–not estimable) months (Table). Responses were observed in 8/14 pts with FGFR fusions and 1/8 pts with FGFR mutations and in pts who received 1 or ≥2 prior lines of therapy. All 22 pts had ≥1 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE), the most common being dry mouth (15/22 [68.2%]) and stomatitis (14/22 [63.6%]). Grade ≥3 TEAEs occurred in 15/22 (68.2%) pts (11/22 [50.0%] were treatment related), of which the most common were stomatitis (3/22 [13.6%]) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased (3/22 [13.6%]); 11/22 (50.0%) pts had ≥1 serious TEAE (1/22 [4.5%] pts had a serious treatment-related TEAE). A TEAE leading to death occurred in 1 patient (sepsis; not treatment-related). Conclusions: Asian pts with advanced CCA and FGFR alterations treated with erdafitinib had durable efficacy and a manageable safety profile, supporting the earlier findings of erdafitinib benefit in this population. Clinical trial information: NCT02699606. [Table: see text]
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Primrose, W. J., G. D. L. Smyth, A. G. Kerr et D. S. Gordon. « Vestibular nerve section and saccus decompression : An evaluation of long-term results ». Journal of Laryngology & ; Otology 100, no 7 (juillet 1986) : 775–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100100076.
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AbstractThe 1972 AAOO committee (Alford, 1972) guidelines brought some uniformity into the evaluation of therapy for Meniere's Disease. We have adhered to its recommendations in this long-term follow-up report of 21 saccus decompressions and 29 vestibular nerve sections performed on 46 patients between 1968 and 1977. Comparisons between these and other groups have been possible with regard to: 1. control of vertigo; 2. hearing; 3. tinnitus; and 4. development of hydrops in the contralateral ear. All the vestibular nerve section group have enjoyed sustained relief from vertigo. Class D results (recurrent vertigo) account for 14 per cent of the saccus decompression group at one year and 29 per cent at eight to 10-year follow-up. Hearing levels in both groups deteriorated in parallel as time progressed but tinnitus became less noticeable. Nineteen per cent of the long-term review patients showed evidence of developing cochlear hydrops in the contralateral ear. Conservative surgical procedures should be employed whilst any useful hearing exists, though the emphasis remains on controlling vertigo. Saccus decompression, despite its controversial therapeutic basis, will remain the first-line surgical procedure for many otologists. However, in the fit young Meniere's cripple or saccus decompression failure with serviceable hearing, vestibular nerve section remains the treatment of choice.
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Smith, Allan L. « Comparison of the ultraviolet absorption cross section of buckminsterfullerene in the gas phase and in hexane solution ». Journal of Physics B : Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 29, no 21 (14 novembre 1996) : 4975–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/29/21/011.
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Mikaelian, I., et V. Wong. « Follicular Stem Cell Carcinoma : Histologic, Immunohistochemical, Ultrastructural, and Clinical Characterization in 30 Dogs ». Veterinary Pathology 40, no 4 (juillet 2003) : 433–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.40-4-433.
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Diagnostic records of 30 primary and one metastatic follicular stem cell carcinomas in 30 dogs were reviewed. Neoplastic cells had a clear cytoplasm and formed lobules and nests surrounded by a basement membrane. Trichoepitheliomatous and apocrine differentiations were noted in 22 of 30 (73%) and 21 of 30 (70%) primary tumors, respectively. Glycogen was present in 20 of 20 (100%) tumors tested, suggesting tricholemmal differentiation. Antibodies against AE1/AE3 cytokeratin, vimentin, and melanA/MART1 stained 29 of 30 (97%), 29 of 30 (97%), and 12 of 27 (44%) primary tumors, respectively. Small amounts of melanin were identified in 14 primary tumors, either on the hematoxylin and eosin-stained section ( n = 6), or on the Fontana-stained section ( n = 8 of 14). Ultrastructural features of neoplastic cells included cell junction complexes, swollen mitochondria, neuroendocrine-like granules, and intracytoplasmic non-membrane-bound accumulation of proteinaceous material. Features of this neoplasm are consistent with a follicular stem cell origin. Follow-up information was available for eight dogs. Metastases developed in the draining lymph node at the time of excision of the primary tumor ( n = 1) or subsequently ( n = 3).
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Driescher, Caroline, Katharina Fuchs, Lena Haeberle, Wolfgang Goering, Lisa Frohn, Friederike V. Opitz, Dieter Haeussinger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Verena Keitel et Irene Esposito. « Bile-Based Cell-Free DNA Analysis Is a Reliable Diagnostic Tool in Pancreatobiliary Cancer ». Cancers 13, no 1 (25 décembre 2020) : 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13010039.
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Currently available serum biomarkers for pancreatobiliary cancers lack sensitivity and specificity and ultimate diagnosis still requires invasive procedures for histological confirmation. The detection of tumor-specific genetic aberrations with utilization of cell free DNA (cfDNA) is a less invasive approach than traditional tissue biopsies; however, it has not been implemented into clinical routine. In this study, we investigated bile as a liquid biopsy source in pancreatobiliary cancers and compared its potential as cell-free DNA source to plasma. Blood (n = 37) and bile (n = 21) samples were collected from patients affected by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) or with non-malignant biliary obstructions (blood n = 16; bile n = 21). Panel-based next generation sequencing (NGS) and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) were applied for tumor mutation profiling. NGS results from matched tumor tissues (n = 29) served as comparison. Sequencing of cfDNA from bile resulted in detection of 96.2% of the pathogenic tumor mutations found in matched tissue samples. On the other hand, only 31.6% of pathogenic tumor mutations found in tissue could be detected in plasma. In a direct comparison, only half of the mutations detected in bile cfDNA were concordantly detected in plasma from the same patients. Panel NGS and ddPCR displayed comparable sensitivity. In conclusion, bile is a suitable source of cfDNA for the diagnosis of pancreatobiliary cancer and performs more reliably than plasma. Although primary diagnosis still requires histologic confirmation, bile-derived cfDNA could offer an alternative if tissue sampling is not feasible and might allow less invasive disease monitoring.
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Čejka, Tomáš, Juraj Čačaný et Libor Dvořák. « Zvyšky bratislavských lužných lesov – významné refúgium podunajskej malakofauny [Remnants of alluvial woodland in a urbanised area – important refuge for Middle-Danubian land gastropods (Bratislava City, Slovakia)] ». Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 11 (3 octobre 2012) : 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2012-11-29.
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The paper brings a review of a long-term malacological survey of fragmented urban alluvial woodland, an important refuge of Middle-Danubian terrestrial molluscan fauna. In the area of Bratislava agglomeration we surveyed two softwood and 26 hardwood alluvial forests. Altogether, 52 mollusc species have been recorded during the last 20 years (representing 79% of the total terrestrial mollusc fauna living in the Slovak section of the Danube floodplain). The most frequent species (more than 75% sites) were Aegopinella nitens, Helix pomatia, Monachoides incarnatus (every three species at 27 sites, i.e. 96%), Cochlodina laminata (26 sites, 93%), Petasina unidentata (25 sites), Urticicola umbrosus (24 sites), Alinda biplicata (23 sites), and Clausilia pumila (21 sites). The main ecological groups were forest species in general (45%, mainly eurytopic and slightly hygrophilous), hygrophilous species in general (26%, hygrophilous and riparian), euryecious species (16%), semi-steppe (8%) and open-country species (5%).
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Yaeger, Michael, Nathan Funk et Lorraine Hoffman. « A Survey of Agents Associated with Neonatal Diarrhea in Iowa Swine Including Clostridium Difficile and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus ». Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 14, no 4 (juillet 2002) : 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870201400402.
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This survey was undertaken to determine the relative frequency of agents that are currently associated with neonatal diarrhea in swine, including Clostridium difficile and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The subjects for this study were the first 100 live 1–7-day-old piglets submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory with a clinical signalment of diarrhea, beginning on January 1, 2000. The evaluation of each pig included bacterial culture of a section of ileum, 2 sections of jejunum, and a single section of colon; a fluorescent antibody test (FAT) or immunohistochemistry (IHC) for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV); ELISA's for rotavirus and C. difficile toxins; IHC for PRRSV; and microscopic examination of ileum, midjejunum, spiral colon, liver, spleen, and lung. Survey results demonstrate a decline in the relative number of diagnoses of TGEV, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens type C compared with retrospective data. The combined case frequency rate for these 3 pathogens dropped from 70% in 1988 to 21% in 2000. This survey also demonstrated the emergence of C. difficile as an important pathogen of neonatal swine. Clostridium difficle toxin was detected in the colon contents of 29% of the piglets, and at least 1 toxin-positive animal was identified in 55% of the cases. All 29 C. difficile toxin-positive piglets had mesocolonic edema, and colitis was observed in 21 of 29 toxin-positive animals. PRRSV-positive macrophages were detected in the lamina propria of intestinal villi by IHC in 10 piglets with diarrhea. In 6 of these cases, PRRSV was the only pathogen detected. Gross and microscopic lung lesions were not a reliable indicator of PRRSV infection in these neonatal pigs with diarrhea. The addition of tests for C. difficile and PRRSV to a routine neonatal diarrhea diagnostic protocol resulted in a significant increase in the diagnostic success rate on both individual animal and case bases.
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Chowdhury, Jamil Haider, et Krishna Kishore Saha. « Measurement of Peak Systolic Velocities and End Diastolic Velocities of Common Carotid, Internal Carotid and Vertebral Arteries of Healthy Adult Subjects by Duplex Colour Doppler Sonography : A Study of 100 Cases ». IAHS Medical Journal 4, no 1 (12 avril 2022) : 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iahsmj.v4i1.59103.
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Background : Duplex Colour Doppler Sonography is a well-accepted non invasive means for diagnosis and evaluation of carotid and vertebral artery disease. As these arteries are the main supply of brain, determination of their percentage of stenosis accurately is very much important. The accuracy of measurement of percent stenosis using doppler technique depends significantly on measured blood flow velocities in these arteries. As a result, a normal reference value of peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity for these arteries are needed upon which the calculation of percentage stenosis depends. At this context, this study was done with the following objectives: To measure Peak Systolic Velocities and End Diastolic Velocities of common carotid, internal carotid and vertebral arteries of healthy adult subjects by duplex colour doppler sonography, to estimate the velocity difference in extra - cranial neck vessels of right and left side and to observe the velocity difference between males and females.
Materials and methods : This cross-sectional study was conducted among Bangladeshi healthy adult subjects in the Department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from January2009 to December 2009. 100 Bangladeshi healthy adult subjects were selected which included 50 males and 50 females. All the subjects underwent duplex colour doppler scanning of their Common Carotid Artery (CCA) Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) and Vertebral Arteries (VA) on both sides. Peak Systolic Velocities (PSV) and End-Diastolic Velocities (EDV) of the above arteries on both sides were recorded for analysis.
Results: In case of male subjects, mean PSV of common carotid, internal carotid and vertebral arteries on the right side are 66, 57 and 30 cm/sec and on the left side are 72, 58 and 32 cm/sec consecutively. In the case of male subjects, mean EDV of common carotid, internal carotid and vertebral arteries on the right side are 19, 16 and 10 cm/sec and on the left side are 21, 21 and 15 cm/sec consecutively. In case of female subjects, mean PSV of common carotid, internal carotid and vertebral arteries on the right side are 62, 57 and 29 cm/sec and on the left side are 65, 57 and 30 cm/sec consecutively. In the case of female subjects, mean EDV of common carotid, internal carotid and vertebral arteries on the right side are 20, 19 and 14 cm/sec and on the left side are 21,17 and 14 cm/sec consecutively.
Conclusion: From this study, we have provided reference values of peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity for these arteries (CCA, ICA & VA) in Bangladeshi population.
IAHS Medical Journal Vol 4(2), June 2021; 17-21
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Abubakar, Abdullahi R., Ibrahim H. Sani, Suleiman S. Chiroma, Sani Malami et Abdullahi H. Yaro. « Ethno-botanical survey of medicinal plants used traditionally in the treatment of mental disorders in Kano, Nigeria ». Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 21, no 5 (17 juin 2022) : 1009–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v21i5.15.
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Purpose: To identify medicinal plants used by traditional medicine practitioners to treat mental disorders within Kano metropolis, Nigeria.Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was administered. It was made up of demographic information (Section A), description of the medicinal plants (Section B), and the professional experience of the respondents (Section C). The data generated were recorded, processed and analyzed.Results: 255 responses were collected from 127 respondents. Among the participants, 101 (79 %) were male and 26 (21 %) were female. The age groups less than 31 years were 22 (17 %), 31 - 40 years were 29 (23 %), 41 - 50 years were 45 (36 %), and above 51 years were 31 (24 %). The sources of knowledge identified include ancestral (83 %), ancestral/training (9 %), training (6 %), and divination (2 %). Out of the total responses, fifty (50) different medicinal plants with various claims in the treatment of mental disorders were reported. The most commonly stated medicinal plants were Securidaca longepedunculata (8.6 %), Jatropha curcas (7.5 %), Solanum aethiopicum (7.1 %), Artemesia annua (6.7 %), Terminalia macroptera (6.3 %), Aristolochia albida (5.9 %), Nigella sativa (5.5 %), Andira inermis (5.5 %), Calotropis procera (5.1 %), and Burkea africana (4.7 %).Conclusion: This survey revealed fifty medicinal plants used traditionally in the treatment of mental disorders within Kano metropolis.
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Deianova, Nancy, Sofia el Manouni el Hassani, Hendrik J. Niemarkt, Veerle Cossey, Anton H. van Kaam, Floor Jenken, Mirjam M. van Weissenbruch et al. « Fecal Volatile Organic Compound Profiles are Not Influenced by Gestational Age and Mode of Delivery : A Longitudinal Multicenter Cohort Study ». Biosensors 10, no 5 (11 mai 2020) : 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios10050050.
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Fecal volatile organic compounds (VOC) reflect human and gut microbiota metabolic pathways and their interaction. VOC behold potential as non-invasive preclinical diagnostic biomarkers in various diseases, e.g., necrotizing enterocolitis and late onset sepsis. There is a need for standardization and assessment of the influence of clinical and environmental factors on the VOC outcome before this technique can be applied in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of gestational age (GA) and mode of delivery on the fecal VOC pattern in preterm infants born below 30 weeks of gestation. Longitudinal fecal samples, collected on days 7, 14, and 21 postnatally, were analyzed by an electronic nose device (Cyranose 320®). In total, 58 preterm infants were included (29 infants born at GA 24–26 weeks vs. 29 at 27–29 completed weeks, 24 vaginally born vs. 34 via C-section). No differences were identified at any predefined time point in terms of GA and delivery mode (p > 0.05). We, therefore, concluded that correction for these factors in this population is not warranted when performing fecal VOC analysis in the first three weeks of life.
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Malykh, Mikhail D. « Normal modes of a waveguide as eigenvectors of a self-adjoint operator pencil ». Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science 29, no 1 (15 décembre 2021) : 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2658-4670-2021-29-1-14-21.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A waveguide with a constant, simply connected section S is considered under the condition that the substance filling the waveguide is characterized by permittivity and permeability that vary smoothly over the section S, but are constant along the waveguide axis. Ideal conductivity conditions are assumed on the walls of the waveguide. On the basis of the previously found representation of the electromagnetic field in such a waveguide using 4 scalar functions, namely, two electric and two magnetic potentials, Maxwells equations are rewritten with respect to the potentials and longitudinal components of the field. It appears possible to exclude potentials from this system and arrive at a pair of integro-differential equations for longitudinal components alone that split into two uncoupled wave equations in the optically homogeneous case. In an optically inhomogeneous case, this approach reduces the problem of finding the normal modes of a waveguide to studying the spectrum of a quadratic self-adjoint operator pencil.
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Dreibelbis, Sarah, Peter Schnatz et Edwin Newton. « Evaluating the Effect of Neuraxial Analgesia on External Cephalic Version Success ». Transformative Medicine 1, no 1 (mars 2022) : 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54299/tmed/snqq1991.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: External cephalic version (ECV) can be a helpful procedure in attempts to decrease the overall cesarean section rate. ECV involves the application of external pressure to the pregnant woman’s abdomen in attempts to turn the fetus to a vertex presentation and allow for subsequent vaginal delivery. Tocolytics are routinely used to increase ECV success rates, and neuraxial analgesia has been presented as another adjunct to increase overall success. The purpose of this quality improvement project is to evaluate the effect neuraxial analgesia may have on ECV success rates. Methods: Patients scheduled for ECV between the dates of January 2020 and September 2021 were reviewed. Data collected includes patient age, BMI, gestational age, success of ECV and use of neuraxial analgesia (epidural anesthesia). Results: Of the 21 patients, 6 (29%) were found to be vertex on their scheduled ECV date. Six (29%) patients who did not have an epidural failed ECV. Four (19%) patients who had an epidural failed ECV. Five (24%) patients who had an epidural had a successful ECV. Interestingly, no patients had a successful ECV without an epidural. Conclusion: No attempts at ECV were successful without an epidural in the 21 patient charts reviewed. Further evaluation through expanded chart review to increase the sample size would allow for meaningful statistical evaluation of this salient finding.
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Kramer, Stephen A. « Summary of Annual Meeting of Section on Pediatric Urology ». Pediatrics 85, no 5 (1 mai 1990) : 872–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.85.5.872.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Section on Urology of the American Academy of Pediatrics met for 2½ days in conjunction with the 58th Annual Meeting of the Academy in Chicago, IL, October 21 to October 23, 1989. The papers presented at this meeting that were thought to be of interest to the practicing pediatrician are summarized here according to topic. The recipient of this year's Pediatric Urology Medal is Jack Lapides. Dr Lapides is recognized for his numerous academic achievements and his excellence in teaching as Professor and Chairman of the Department of Urology at the University of Michigan. His introduction and popularization of intermittent self-catheterization has revolutionized the treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction and is clearly one of the most significant contributions to urology during the past few decades. GENITOURINARY TUMORS Those of us involved in the care of patients with Wilms tumor continue to search for prognostic indicators which will allow identification of patients at low risk or high risk for the development of metastatic disease. The accumulated data from National Wilms' Tumor Studies II and III showed that decreasing amounts of chemotherapy can be administered to patients with favorable prognostic factors, whereas patients with poor prognostic factors require more aggressive chemotherapy and radiation therapy. While favorable histology and the absence of nodal metastatic disease have clearly been shown to be associated with enhanced survival, Gearhart and coworkers have used nuclear morphometry to predict response to treatment in patients with Wilms tumor. In a retrospective analysis of 29 patients with Wilms tumor, morphometric nuclear analysis (using several shape descriptors) was very useful in identifying responders vs nonresponders to chemotherapy.
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Handayani, A. F. S. Desy, Makmur Sitepu, Iman Helmi Effendi, Edwin Martin Asroel, Binarwan Halim, Riza Rivany et Edy Ardiansyah. « Correlation between Blood Glucose Levels on Niche Incidence after Cesarean Section ». Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 11, B (1 janvier 2023) : 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11029.
Texte intégralRésumé :
BACKGROUND: Long-term sequelae of cesarean section (CS) is formation of niche in CS surgical scar. Blood glucose involved in wound healing process after CS. AIM: This study was to find correlation of blood glucose level with niche in CS patients. METHODS: This research was an observational and analytic study with case series design conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Sumatera Utara, RSUP H Adam Malik Medan, and Sundari Hospital Medan Starting from July to August 2022. To assess correlation between variables, eta test was used to assess the correlation of blood glucose with incidence of niche. The analysis results were said to be significant if p < 0.05, with 95% CI. RESULTS: Mean of patients were in 21–29 years (70%), multiparity with 12 patients (40%), aterm gestational age with 30 patients (100%), 16 patients (53.3%) with anteflexion uterus, previous CS 2 times were the majority with 9 patients (30%), and 17 patients (56.7%) were elective CS. Incidence of niche was 63.3%. Triangular were the most found niche with 11 patients (36.7%). Mean of total myometrial thickness, depth of niche, and residual myometrial thickness were 5.23 ± 11.2 mm, 2.44 ± 2.75 mm, and 5.23 ± 11.22 mm, respectively. Mean blood sugar level was 103.3 ± 17.4 mg/dl. From eta analysis, there was no correlation between blood glucose levels post-CS patients using eta test with p = 0.872. CONCLUSION: There was no significant correlation between blood glucose levels on niche incidence in post-CS patients.
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White, C. A., J. B. Graves, B. R. Leonard et E. Burris. « Evaluation of Pirate for Control of Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm, 1992 : ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, no 1 (1 janvier 1993) : 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.257a.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Cotton seed was planted 5 May on a Bruin silt loam soil at the Northeast Research Station, St. Joseph, LA. Plots were 4 rows (1.02 m wide) x 19.8 m and were replicated 4 times in a RCB design. All plots received in-furrow treatments to Temik 15 G, 0.56 kg(AI)/ha and Terraclor Super-X 12.5 G, 0.28 + 1.1 kg(AI)/ha. The plots were treated for aphids with Furadan 4 F, 0.56 kg(AI)/ha on 6 Jul. The plots were treated for boll weevils with methyl parafhion 4 E (0.56 kg(AI)/ha) on 20 Jun, and Guthion 2 L (0.28 k(AI)/ha) on 18 Aug. The test treatments were applied with a high-clearance sprayer equipped with a CO2 system calibrated to deliver 93.5 liters/ha with 2 TX-18 hollow-cone nozzles/row at 3.2 kg/cm2.Treatments were applied on 16, 21, 29 Jul, and 7 Aug to all 4 rows of the plot. BW-TBW terminal damage, BW-TBW square damage, boll weevil square damage and secondary pests evaluations were made on 23, 27 Jul and 3, 10 Aug by randomly sampling 25 squares and a 3 m section of terminals/plot. Rainfall amounts of 0.03, 0.3 and 0.7 cm occurred on 16, 21 and 29 Jul respectively. The temperature range for the period of 16 Jul to 7 Aug was 26.7-37.2°C. This study reports square damage by BW-TBW.
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Danaah Malick, Martin Mumuni, Evelyn Nyarko et Peter Paul Bamaalabong. « Role of Certified Registered Anesthetists (CRAs) in the Prevention and Management of Supine Hypotension during Cesarian Delivery under Spinal Anesthesia at the Tamale Teaching Hospital (TTH), Ghana ». International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science 6, no 11 (1 novembre 2021) : 745–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol06-i11/1237.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: Supine hypotensive syndrome is a pathophysiologic state in a parturient after 20 weeks’ gestation when put in the supine position during cesarian section under spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia produces rapid, effective, reliable and safe anesthesia making it the preferred technique for cesarian section. Maternal hypotension is a known common side effect of spinal anesthesia and is generally managed pharmacologically and/or non Pharmacologically. The aim of this study was to assess the management of supine hypotension during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia among CRAs at Tamale Teaching Hospital (TTH). Methods: A cross-sectional study with both quantitative and descriptive approaches were employed. Thirty-eight (38) CRAs were conveniently sampled and a structured self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection after pretesting for validity and reliability. Data was analyzed with Stata I/C. Results: Non-Pharmacological interventions: 19(50%) of CRAs placed parturient in the supine position n after spinal anesthesia with head up, 15 (39.5%) in Supine position alone, 4 (10.5%), used lateral position alone. Pharmacological interventions (Use of Intravenous fluids): Lactated Ringers solution 6(15.8%), Normal saline solution 24(63.2%), Crystalloid and colloid combination 8(21%). Vasopressor of choice: Ephephrine alone 36(94.8%), Phenylephrine alone 1 (2.6%), Multiple agents 1 (2.6%). Preferred intervention: non-Pharmacological 21(55.3%), Pharmacological 17(44.7%). Determinants of choice of intervention: Severity of hypotension 29(76.3%), availability of intervention 7(18.5%), diagnosis of the patient 1(2.6%), frequency of hypotension 1(2.6%). Conclusions: Most CRAs placed parturient in the supine position with head up as a non-pharmacological approach to managing supine hypotension after spinal anesthesia. Normal saline solution and ephedrine were widely used as pharmacological agents. Majority of the CRAs preferred using the non-pharmacological techniques as compared with the pharmacological approaches and their choice of intervention was significantly influenced by the severity of the intervention.
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S. Korzhavina, Mariya, Andrey V. Anikeev et Petr A. Bagryansky. « Study of Microinstabilities in Anisotropic Plasmoid of Thermonuclear Ions ». Siberian Journal of Physics 4, no 1 (1 mars 2009) : 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54362/1818-7919-2009-4-1-25-29.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The following article presents the results of investigation of microinstabilities in the anisotropic synthesized hot ion plasmoid (SHIP). Plasmoid is located in a small mirror section that is installed at one side of the GDT facility in Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, which is an axially symmetric magnetic mirror device of gas dynamic trap type. The magnetic field on axis is in the range of 2.5 Tesla and the mirror ratio is ~ 2. The additional mirror section is filled with background plasma streaming from the central cell of GDT. To create the population of hot ions with strong anisotropy two focused neutral beams with energy of 21–23 keV are injected perpendicularly to the direction of magnetic field. Ionisation of the beams generates the high-energetic ion component with the density of about 5x1013 сm–3 and mean energy about 13 keV. The distribution function of fast ions is thus strongly anisotropic in the phase space with the ratio E⊥ / E& ~ 50. To define the type and the parameters of the developing microinstability a set of high-frequency electrostatic and magnetic probes was used. The microinstability observed in the additional section of GDT is the Alfven ion cyclotron instability (AIC), because of small azimuthal wave numbers, magnetic field vector rotating in the direction of ion gyration and oscillation frequency below the actual ion cyclotron frequency. AIC instability threshold was registered at the following plasma parameters: fast ion density n > 3 · 1013 см–3, ratio of ion pressure to magnetic field pressure β ≈ 0.02, anisotropy A ≈ 35, ai / Rp ≈ 0.23, where ai is the ion gyroradius and Rp is the plasmoid radius.
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Nielsen, D. G., et M. J. Dunlap. « Phytotoxicity Test, Selected Woody Plants, 1987 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 14, no 1 (1 janvier 1989) : 325–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/14.1.325a.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Selected pesticides were evaluated for phytotoxicity on 30 species and cultivars of containerized woody plants at a nursery in Madison, Ohio. A CO2 compression sprayer operating at 20 psi with a single Teejet SS8004 flat-fan nozzle was used to deliver 3785 ml finished spray to a total of 90 plants (Morestan 4F, 0.5 lb (AL7100 gal; Murphy oil soap, 4%; or water). This volume achieved application to run-off. Each treatment was applied to 3 plants of each plant type. All plants received 2 applications at 15-d intervals. Conditions for both applications (20 Aug and 4 Sep) were sunny skies, 21-24°C, and 0-10 km/h breeze. A second group of plants consisting of 17 species growing in field liner beds near Perry, Ohio, was used to evaluate potential phytotoxicity of Murphy soap (4%). Plants received 2 applications at 10-d intervals. Conditions on both dates (31 Aug and 10 Sep) were sunny skies, 21-24°C, and 10-16 km/h breeze. A 1-m section of each liner bed was sprayed with each treatment. Plants were inspected for symptoms of phytotoxicity 4, 10, and 29 Sep and 13 Oct.
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Rijal, Hima, et Suvana Maskey. « Puerperal Complications in a Tertiary Hospital ». Nepal Medical College Journal 23, no 4 (31 décembre 2021) : 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmcj.v23i4.42226.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Postnatal period is considered as an important part in reproductive life of women. Even though the antenatal phase and labour are utmost important, puerperal phase of pregnancy cannot be overlooked. Puerperal complication can sometime lead to diabilities for lifelong of women. For the prevention of postnatal complication, antenatal prepadareness is needed. The objective of this study was to find out the incidence of puerperal complications and associated risk factors. This is a retrospective, descriptive study conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from April 2019 to March 2020. The cases of puerperal complications were noted from the record book from ward. The individual files were collected from record section. Data was collected from record files and analysed. Total number of deliveries were 4932 in one year. Out of which, 84 cases (1.7%) were admitted due to various puerperal complications. Majority of the women admitted with puerperal complications were between 21-29 years, 59.5%. Sixty-four percent (n=54) were primipara and 35.7%(n=30) were multipara. Seventy-six (90.5%) were term deliveries, 6(7%) were preterm and 2(2.4%) were post term deliveries. Sixty-two (74%) had emergency cesarean section as mode of delivery. Major indication of emergency cesarean section was fetal distress (29.8%, n=25). Surgical site infection (53/84,63%) was the commonest puerperal complication followed by puerperal sepsis (8/84,9.5%). Fifty- three cases of surgical site infection (SSI) were observed in patients who had undergone emergency cesarean section. Associated medical condition like hypertension, diabeties, anemia, obesity was seen in 33.5% (n=33) of the cases. Surgical Site Infection is the most common puerperal complication and commonly seen in women who had undergone emergency cesarean section.
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Pakhale, Snehal W., Sadhna D. Gupta, Anita Bansal et Angela Sehra. « A rare case of recurrent paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in pregnancy managed with adenosine, a wonder drug ». International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no 10 (27 septembre 2021) : 3999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20213880.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is the most common sustained arrhythmia during pregnancy and a challenging situation due to lack of evidence based guidelines. About 50% of PSVT, who fail to respond to vagal maneuvres, responds to therapies as pharmacologic agents as adenosine and electrocardioversion. We reported a case of 29 years old primigravida women with no organic heart disease who presented at 21 weeks of period of gestation with complaints of palpitations and shortness of breath. Her ECG revealed PSVT for which she received adenosine as anti-arrhythmic for conversion to sinus rhythm. She was started prophylactically on tablet metoprolol 25 mg twice daily, as advised by cardiologist. In third trimester, she had recurrent episodes of PSVT for which she received adenosine in emergency department. She delivered a healthy female baby by an elective caesarean section done under spinal anesthesia. Fortunately, her intraoperative and postpartum was uneventful with no recurrence of PSVT during hospital stay. She was discharged on day 4 of caesarean section on tablet metoprolol 12.5 mg twice daily and followed in postpartum period for complications. To summarize, PSVT occurring during pregnancy, labour or at caesarean section is not uncommon. Treatment remains a challenge though, as clinical decision must be tackled with appropriate consideration of both maternal and fetal factors. So, multi-disciplinary approach is needed for treatment including obstetrician, cardiologists, physician and neonatologists. Our case highlighted the necessity of keeping anti-arrhythmic drugs such as adenosine readily available on the labour ward.
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Schleich, Christoph, Bernd Bittersohl, Gerald Antoch, Rüdiger Krauspe, Christoph Zilkens et Jörn Kircher. « Thickness Distribution of Glenohumeral Joint Cartilage ». CARTILAGE 8, no 2 (8 juillet 2016) : 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1947603516651669.
Texte intégralRésumé :
High-resolution 3-dimensional cartilage-specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at 3 T to test the following hypotheses: (1) there is a nonuniform cartilage thickness distribution both on the proximal humerus and on the glenoid surface and (2) the glenohumeral joint as a combined system is congruent with the level of the joint cartilage surface without substantial radial mismatch. Inclusion of 38 volunteers (19 females, mean age 24.34 ± 2.22 years; range 21-29 years) in a prospective study. Measurements of: cartilage thickness in 3 regions and 3 zones; radius of both circles (glenoid and humeral cartilage) for congruency calculation using 3-T MRI with 3-dimensional dual-echo steady-state sequence with water excitation. A homogenous mean cartilage thickness (1.2-1.5 mm) and slightly higher values for the glenoidal articulating surface radii both in the mid-paracoronar section (2.4 vs. 2.1 cm, P < 0.001) and in the mid-paraaxial section (2.4 vs. 2.1 cm, P < 0.001) compared with the humeral side were observed. The concept of a radial mismatch between the humeral head and the glenoid in healthy human subjects can be confirmed. This study provides normative data for the comparison of joint cartilage changes at the shoulder for future studies.
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Iqbal, Javed, Shahid Mabood, Syed Sana Ullah, Riyan Qasim et Afaq Ahmad. « Frequency of Post Spinal Hypotension in Elective Cesarean Section after Spinal Anesthesia ». Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no 12 (31 décembre 2022) : 778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs20221612778.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objective: The aim purpose of this research was to raise awareness about the prevalence of hypotension and to increase anaesthetists' vigilance about possible measures to reduce the risk factors of hypotension after spinal anaesthesia in emergency patients undergoing caesarean section at the Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar. Study design: The cross sectional study was conducted at the Hayatabad Medical Complex Hospital Peshawar. Place and Duration: A concurrent observational study conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar with permission and approval from the Medical Superintendent. The study was conducted from July 2022 to December 2022. Method: This prospective study was conducted on 272 patients, in which the patients underwent elective CS under SA. The data collection has been indicated in the patient record, then the following information is filled in the data collection sheet: Gander age, MR number, blood pressure before spinal anesthesia, blood pressure after spinal anesthesia, use of antihypertensive drugs, the patient under spinal anesthesia was according to the standard protocol of HMC Hospital Peshawar, data will be collected from participants willing to participate in the study, then patient data will be collected through direct observation and the interview. Result: we collect data from 272 patients which were treated from spinal anesthesia for caesarian section 73 participants (26.8%) had post-operative hypotension. Different age weight and different drug doses were used in spinal anesthesia, 18-29 years 16 patients (21.9%) and 30-40 years 57 patients (78.1%) were experienced with hypotension. Conclusion: Based on patient weight, a total of 272 participants weighing between 49-65 kg 9 patients (12.3%), whereas in 66-80 kg 21 patients (28.8%), and 81-90 kg had 43 patients (58.9%) were suffered from hypotension. Keywords: Cesarean section, spinal anesthesia, spinal induce hypotension,
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Desai, Sheetal K. « Role of pulse plethysmograph in the prediction of hypotension in caesarean section patient under spinal anesthesia ». MedPulse International Journal of Anesthesiology 19, no 3 (2021) : 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26611/10151936.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: Spinal anesthesia is a commonly employed technique for anesthesia for caesarean section and is associated with hypotension which may cause maternal morbidity. Prediction of hypotension before the procedure can reduce complications. The study aimed to evaluate the role of pulse plethysmograph in the prediction of hypotension in caesarean section patients under spinal anesthesia. Methods: The observational study was conducted on 50 patients who were undergoing emergency or elective caesarean section. Spinal anesthesia was performed by anaesthesiologist using a 25 or 26-gauge spinal needle with bupivacaine at L3-4 interspinous space. Pre and post-anesthesia observations such as the width of pulse plethysmograph, non-invasive blood pressure in another arm, and heart rate were recorded. Paired T-test, Wilcoxon sign rank test, and chi-square test was used to analyse data using R Studio V 1.2.5001 software. Results: Post spinal anesthesia minor fall in systolic blood pressure (SBP) was observed in 11 patients, moderate fall in 21 patients, severe fall in 8 patients and a massive fall in 10 patients. A significant difference was observed between mean pre- and post-spinal anesthesia SBP (P<0.001). Width of pulse plethysmograph (PPG) was maintained in 14 patients whereas, narrowed and significantly narrowed PPGs were observed in 29 and 7 patients, respectively. Significant association was observed between grades of SBP and width of PPG (P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve showed the width of PGG was good for prediction of hypotension in patient (AUC=0.828). Conclusion: Width of PPG can be used to predict SA induced maternal hypotension.
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Kostov, Konstantin. « DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF THORACIC INJURIES AND TRAUMATIC HEMOPNEUMOTHORAX ». Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 27, no 1 (17 mars 2021) : 3611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2021271.3611.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyze the diagnosis and treatment of patients with traumatic chest injuries and traumatic hemopneumothorax in UMHATEM "N. I. Pirogov ". Material and Methods: Data on 113 patients with thoracic trauma were processed within a retrospective clinical analysis for the period of 1.1. 2016 to 1.1. 2018 in the General, Visceral and Emergency Surgery Section of the UMHATEM "Pirogov. Of the hospitalized women are 38 (33.63%), men 75 (66.37%). The age in this retrospective analysis varied from 18 to 83 years (average 57.4 years). Results: In our study, among 113 patients, 43 patients had a pneumothorax, 29 patients were with hemothorax, 18 patients with hemopneumothorax, 2 patients had tension pneumothorax and others 21 had only rib fractures. Associated injuries were confirmed in 43 patients (38.05%). From all patients group, 21 patients were managed conservatively, 89 patients with chest tube insertion and only 3 with thoracotomy. Conclusions: The majority of the patients with a thoracic injury can be performed in emergency surgery by conservative management or by mini-intervention- thoracic chest tube. Tube thoracostomy was evaluated to be important for pleural collections from blunt or penetrating trauma. Therefore it was recommended as a first-line therapeutic approach.
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KOGKAKI, EFSTATHIA A., PANTELIS I. NATSKOULIS, GEORGE-JOHN E. NYCHAS et EFSTATHIOS Z. PANAGOU. « Effect of Water Activity, Temperature, and Mixed Fungal Spore Interactions on Ochratoxin A Production by Aspergillus carbonarius ». Journal of Food Protection 78, no 2 (1 février 2015) : 376–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-341.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this work was to investigate the potential of two nontoxigenic Aspergillus section Nigri species (Aspergillus tubingensis and Aspergillus japonicus) to influence the in vitro ochratoxin A (OTA) production of three toxigenic Aspergillus carbonarius isolates (Ac-28, Ac-29, and Ac-33) from Greek vineyards of different geographical areas. OTA accumulation was evaluated by inoculation of 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 ratios of mixed spore suspensions on a synthetic grape juice medium for up to 28 days at different temperatures (15, 20, and 25°C), water activity (aw) levels (0.95 and 0.98 aw) and incubation time (7, 14, 21, and 28 days). Results confirmed that environmental factors and fungal species had a significant effect on OTA production. Specifically, maximum OTA concentration for Ac-28 (3.21 μg g−1) and Ac-29 (7.69 μg g−1) was observed at 20°C/0.98 aw and for Ac-33 (9.13 μg g−1) at 15°C/0.95 aw, regardless of incubation time. Moreover, A. tubingensis had no significant influence on OTA concentration of all toxigenic isolates assayed, regardless of temperature, aw, and incubation time. On the other hand, the presence of A. japonicus slightly inhibited OTA production of Ac-29 and Ac-33, while for Ac-28, stimulation of OTA was observed in some cases. Overall, lower aw levels reduced OTA accumulation for Ac-28 and Ac-29, regardless of temperature, inoculum ratio, and time. On the contrary, for Ac-33, low aw increased OTA production, regardless of the investigated parameters. The importance of this study concerns the understanding of interspecific interactions on OTA diffusion by A. carbonarius in an attempt to find ways to prevent the presence of toxins in grapes and their derivatives.
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Hopkins, S. W., H. B. Hopkins, J. H. Benedict et S. L. Pickel. « Control of Tobacco Budworm and Boll Weevil, 1988 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 14, no 1 (1 janvier 1989) : 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/14.1.237.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract A small-plot field study was conducted in a commercial cotton field near Austwell, Tex., to evaluate efficacy of Karate (3 formulations), Baythroid, and Guthion for tobacco budworm and boll weevil control. Treatments were compared in 5-row by 50-ft plots of cotton planted 28 Apr on 30-inch rows. Each treatment was replicated 3 times in randomized complete block. Treatments were applied with a CO2-pressurized (38 psi) backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver 4.4 gal total spray/acre through 2 size 3X hollow-cone nozzles/row. Heliothis spp. larvae (n = 50) were collected from the test plots and reared to adulthood for identification of species. Applications were made 17, 22, and 27 Jul. Twenty-five randomly selected squares or bolls/plot were inspected for the presence of tobacco budworm larvae and damage and boll weevil damage on 21, 26, and 29 Jul. Seed cotton was hand-harvested from a 6.8-ft section of row in each plot for yield analysis.
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Hopkins, S. W., H. B. Hopkins, J. H. Benedict et S. L. Pickel. « Control of Tobacco Budworm and Boll Weevil, 1988 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 14, no 1 (1 janvier 1989) : 236–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/14.1.236a.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract A small-plot field study was conducted in a commercial cotton field near Austwell, Tex., to measure the efficacy of 6 treatments against tobacco budworm and boll weevil damage. Treatments were compared in 5-row by 50-ft plots of cotton planted 28 Apr on 30-inch rows. Each treatment was replicated 3 times in a randomized complete block. Treatments were applied with a CO2-pressurized (38 psi) backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver 4.4 gal total spray/acre through 2 size 3X hollow-cone nozzles/row. Heliothis larvae (n = 50) were collected from the test plots and reared to adulthood for identification of species. Applications were made 17, 22, and 27 Jul. Inspections were made of 25 randomly selected squares or bolls in each plot for the presence of tobacco budworm larvae and damage and for boll weevil punctures on 21, 26, and 29 Jul. Seed cotton was hand-harvested from a 6.8-ft section of row in each plot for yield analysis.
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Kajiwara, Kazuhiro, Satoru Ishikawa, Takuma Mori, Osamu Samura et Aikou Okamoto. « Spontaneous Remission of Sick Sinus Syndrome in a Fetus with Pulmonary Stenosis Regurgitation ». American Journal of Perinatology Reports 09, no 04 (octobre 2019) : e372-e375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1695745.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objective Here, we report a case of fetal sick sinus syndrome (SSS) caused by pulmonary stenosis regurgitation (PSR) that spontaneously resolved during pregnancy. Case Report A 29-year-old woman was referred to our hospital at 21 weeks of gestation for persistent fetal bradycardia. Fetal echocardiography revealed PSR and ventricular septal defect (VSD). The ventricular rate was 60 to 70 beats/minute with 1:1 atrioventricular conduction. Thus, congenital SSS owing to PSR was suspected. During pregnancy, fetal SSS spontaneously resolved at 28 weeks of gestation despite persistent PSR. The ventricular rate was increased to approximately 120 beats/minute with regular rhythm. A 2,390-g male neonate was delivered via Caesarean section at 38 weeks of gestation. Consequently, detailed echocardiography revealed PSR and VSD without SSS. Conclusion Although fetal PSR can cause fetal SSS owing to immaturity at an earlier gestational age, SSS might be spontaneously resolved by fetal heart development as pregnancy progresses.
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Saha, Mukti Rani, Iffat Ara, Suvash Chandra Roy, Tapan Kumer Saha, Nandita Paul et Tarun Kumar Saha. « Timely relaparotomy after caesarean section of a moribund patient can save the life ». Journal of Dhaka Medical College 23, no 1 (26 mars 2015) : 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v23i1.22693.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The aim of this study was to find out the outcome of cases requiring relaparotomy following caesarean delivery during the puerperium. This was a retrospective descriptive study set in a tertiary referral and teaching hospital i.e. Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Over a period of one year from January 1st to 31st December 2010, there were 5027 caesarean deliveries (53%-94%) out of a total of 9320 deliveries. Relaparotomy was done in 48 patients (0.95%) of the caesarean sections. The indications of repeat laparotomy were secondary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in 28 cases (58.33%), primary PPH due to uterine atony in 15 cases (31.3%), uterine sepsis with haemorrhage in 2 cases (4.17%), rectus sheath haemotoma in 2 cases (4.13%), internal haemorrhage after caesarean section in 1 case (2.08%). Of these 48 cases, in14 cases, primary caesarean section was done in this institution while 34 had caesarean delivery at other hospitals and clinics at (13 cases) and outside Dhaka (21 cases). Main surgeries performed at relaparotomy were subtotal hysterectomy in 29 cases, total hysterectomy in 9 cases, drainage of haematoma and peritoneal toileting in 4 cases, resuturing of uterine incisions in 5 cases, internal iliac arteries in 1 case. More than one procedure was often performed in one case. There were 6 maternal deaths following relaparotomy caused by shock following PPH, septicaemia and internal haemorrhage. Repeat laparotomy within six weeks of caesarean delivery was required 1 in 200 cases in this institute. Case fatality rate was (12.5%). Near miss fatalities were common. Majority on these were preventable. Identification of risk factors, adequate attention during primary surgery, expert decision, prompt intervention and proper case management during relaparotomy will improve the outcome. Centers carrying out caesarean section should have efficient blood transfusion service in the first place. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v23i1.22693 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.1, April, 2014, Page 41-47
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Wehberg, Sonja, Rikke Guldberg, Kim Oren Gradel, Ulrik Schiøler Kesmodel, Lis Munk, Charlotte Brix Andersson, Line Riis Jølving, Jan Nielsen et Bente Mertz Nørgård. « Risk factors and between-hospital variation of caesarean section in Denmark : a cohort study ». BMJ Open 8, no 2 (février 2018) : e019120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019120.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to estimate the effects of risk factors on elective and emergency caesarean section (CS) and to estimate the between-hospital variation of risk-adjusted CS proportions.DesignHistorical registry-based cohort study.Settings and participantsThe study was based on all singleton deliveries in hospital units in Denmark from January 2009 to December 2012. A total of 226 612 births by 198 590 mothers in 29 maternity units were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe estimated (1) OR of elective and emergency CS adjusted for several risk factors, for example, body mass index, parity, age and size of maternity unit and (2) risk-adjusted proportions of elective and emergency CS to evaluate between-hospital variation.ResultsThe CS proportion was stable at 20%–21%, but showed wide variation between units, even in adjusted models. Large units performed significantly more elective CSs than smaller units, and the risk of emergency CS was significantly reduced compared with smaller units. Many of the included risk factors were found to influence the risk of CS. The most important risk factors were breech presentation and previous CS. Four units performed more CSs and one unit fewer CSs than expected.ConclusionThe main risk factors for elective CS were breech presentation and previous CS; for emergency CS they were breech presentation and cephalopelvic disproportion. The proportions of CS were stable during the study period. We found variation in risk-adjusted CS between hospitals in Denmark. Although exhaustive models were applied, the results indicated the presence of systematic variation between hospital units, which was unexpected in a small, well-regulated country such as Denmark.
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Fisher, J. T., O. P. Mathew, F. B. Sant'Ambrogio et G. Sant'Ambrogio. « Reflex effects and receptor responses to upper airway pressure and flow stimuli in developing puppies ». Journal of Applied Physiology 58, no 1 (1 janvier 1985) : 258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.58.1.258.
Texte intégralRésumé :
We studied the changes in breathing pattern due to pressure and airflow stimuli applied to isolated upper airway in nine 1- to 14-day-old and six 29- to 35-day-old anesthetized puppies breathing through a tracheostomy. Negative-pressure and flow, both inspiratory and expiratory, altered the breathing pattern only in the 1- to 14-day-old puppies, whereas positive pressure was ineffective in both age groups. Negative pressure caused apnea in 12% of the trials, expiratory flow in 18%, and inspiratory flow in 21%. When apnea did not occur there was a significant prolongation of inspiratory and expiratory time and a decrease of tidal volume of the first breath following the application of negative pressures. Section of the superior laryngeal nerves abolished the responses to pressure and flow. In nine 1- to 14-day-old and four 29- to 35-day-old puppies we recorded the activity of single units of the superior laryngeal nerves. We identified specialized receptors responding to pressure (68.5%), flow (2.7%), and contraction of upper airway muscles (drive, 28.8%). All types of receptors had a prevalent inspiratory-related activity. In the younger age group the discharge rate of pressure receptors at comparable negative pressures was lower than in older puppies. The strong inhibitory influences originating from the upper airway in the early stages of development presumably reflect different integrative properties of the central nervous system.
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Ellul, T., P. Grice, A. Mainwaring, N. Bullock, A. Shanahan, D. Cave, J. Dormer et al. « Frozen section analysis for organ-conserving surgery in penile cancer : Assessing oncological outcomes and trends of local recurrence ». Journal of Clinical Urology 13, no 6 (27 février 2020) : 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051415820903192.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Introduction and objectives: The local recurrence rate of penile cancer following surgical excision is reported in many series to be between 6 and 29%. Intra-operative frozen section (FS) is a useful tool to ensure safe microscopic margins in organ-sparing procedures in penile cancer. In this series, we assessed the rates of positive margins and patterns of local recurrence in a multicentre cohort of patients undergoing penile-preserving surgery assisted by intra-operative FS analysis. Materials and methods: We reviewed all those patients for whom intra-operative FS was employed during penile-preserving surgery in three tertiary referral centres between 2003 and 2016. We assessed whether the use of FS altered the surgical technique and what affect it had on positive margins and recurrence rates. Results: A total of 169 patients were identified. Of these, intra-operative FS examination of the surgical margin was positive in 21 (12%) cases. Final histological examination confirmed cancer-free margins in all but one patient (99.4%). Overall, 9 patients developed local recurrence (5.3%). Conclusions: In this series, intra-operative FS contributed to a very low rate (5.3%) of local recurrence. We noted an extremely low positive margin rate (0.6%) which highlights the benefit of incorporating FS analysis into organ-preserving surgery for penile cancer. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.
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Nepal, Deepeshwara, Sankar M. Jeeva, Satish M. Misra et Vinod K. Paul. « Determinant of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in a Tertiary Neonatal Unit ». Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 29, no 2 (15 juillet 2009) : 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v29i2.2042.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Introduction: Initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth is an important determinant of successful breastfeeding. National Family and Health Survey -3(NFHS-3) reported that only 23.4% of children < 3 years were breastfed within one hour of birth. Objectives: the purpose of this study is to study the determinant of initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth. Setting: Tertiary -level neonatal unit. Material and Methods: All mothers admitted in the postnatal ward were eligible for inclusion; mothers of sick and /or preterm infants were excluded. Enrolled mothers were interviewed between 24 and 72 hours after delivery. Results: The proportion of mothers who initiated breast feeding within one hour of delivery was 32%, between 1-6 hrs were 47% and between 6 to 48 hrs were 21%. Maternal age, education, socioeconomic status, occupation and antenatal or labor room counseling did not influence the initiation of breast feeding within one hour of delivery in univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, admission in the general ward and delivery by caesarean section were found to be significantly associated with not initiating breastfeeding within one hour (adjusted ORs: 8.79, 2.48 to 31.08, p=0.001 and 6.79, 4.07 to 22.02 p=0.001 respectively). Only about 13% of the infants received prelacteal feeds. Conclusion: Mothers delivering by caesarean section or admitted in the general ward were at high risk of not initiating breastfeeding within one hour. Innovative strategies are required to ensure timely ignition of breastfeeding. Key words: Breastfeeding, Caesarean section, prelacteal feeds, time of initiation. doi: 10.3126/jnps.v29i2.2042 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol 29, No. 2, pp.74-78
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Ernst, Thomas, Mathias Schmidt, Jenny Rinke, Vivien Schäfer, Anja Waldau, Ellen Obstfelder, Nils Winkelmann et al. « Molecularly Defined Clonal Evolution in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Independent of the BCR-ABL Status ». Blood 124, no 21 (6 décembre 2014) : 4513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.4513.4513.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Molecularly defined clonal evolution has been identified as a key phenomenon in the biology of acute myeloid leukemia. Molecular aberrations may be markers of individual subclones of the disease, but also responsible for treatment resistance. In most patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) induces complete cytogenetic remissions (CCyR) characterized by polyclonal hematopoiesis. However, some CML patients show emergence of clonal cytogenetic abnormalities (CCA) in Philadelphia (Ph) negative cells during treatment indicating clonal hematopoiesis. We searched for BCR-ABL independent gene mutations in both Ph-negative and Ph-positive clones in 29 chronic phase CML patients (male, n=16; median age 58 years, range 29-73 years) using targeted deep next-generation sequencing of 25 genes frequently mutated in myeloid disorders: ASXL1, BRAF, CBL, DNMT3A, ETV6, EZH2, FLT3, IDH1, IDH2, JAK2, KIT, KRAS, LNK, MPL, NPM1, NRAS, RUNX1, SF3B1, SRSF2, TP53, TET2, U2AF1, UTX, WT, and ZRSR2. Ph-negative clones were analyzed in 14 CML patients who developed CCA in Ph-negative cells (trisomy 8, n=10; nonrecurrent reciprocal translocations, n=2; monosomy 7, n=2). At time of analysis, patients were in CCyR (n=7), partial CyR (n=6), or minimal CyR (n=1) after a median of 21 months (range 7-114 months) of TKI treatment with imatinib, and/or nilotinib, and/or dasatinib. After exclusion of known polymorphisms, mutations were detected in 6/14 patients (43%) affecting the genes DNMT3A, EZH2, RUNX1, TET2, TP53, U2AF1, and ZRSR2. These patients were in CCyR (n=2), partial CyR (n=3), or minimal CyR (n=1), respectively, indicating BCR-ABL independent mutations in both Ph-negative and Ph-positive subclones. In two patients, the mutations were also found in corresponding diagnostic samples at higher or lower mutation level. To further investigate BCR-ABL independent gene mutations in Ph-positive clones, 15 randomly selected CML patients at diagnosis were analyzed. Mutations additional to BCR-ABL were found in 5/15 CML patients (33%) affecting ASXL1, DNMT3A, RUNX1, and TET2. None of the mutations were recognized in corresponding constitutional DNA specimens indicating that all mutations had been somatically acquired. Deep-sequencing of subsequent samples obtained in early CCyR after three months of TKI treatment revealed one DNMT3A mutation in Ph-negative cells which was also present in Ph-positive cells at diagnosis. Follow-up investigation showed that the mutation persisted in Ph-negative cells throughout CCyR and deep molecular remission (MR4.5) up to month 36 thereby not significantly changing its mutation level of approximately 15% implying a clonal hematopoiesis before the acquisition of the BCR-ABL rearrangement. In summary, BCR-ABL independent gene mutations were frequently found in Ph-negative and Ph-positive clones of CML patients and may be considered as important cofactors in the evolution of CML. Additional mutations acquired in the Ph-positive clone may impact on response to TKI treatment. Mutations preexisting to the occurrence of the BCR-ABL rearrangement may predispose patients to secondary hematological neoplasms. Our findings provide novel genetic information regarding CML biology and warrant further studies and impact on the design and performance of discontinuation trials. Disclosures Schnittger: MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Other. Haferlach:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Equity Ownership. Haferlach:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Equity Ownership. Hochhaus:Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria; ARIAD: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding.
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Seangatith, Sittichai, Jaksada Thumrongvut et Chanon Chatwiwat. « Experimental Investigation on Axially Loaded PFRP Compression Members Having Double C-Sections ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (avril 2014) : 510–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.510.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on axially loaded PFRP compression members having double C-sections with pinned-pinned supports. The objectives of this research work are to investigate their structural behaviors and modes of failure and to propose their design equations. The specimens were built from single PFRP C-section, having three cross-sectional dimensions of 76×22×6 mm, 102×29×6 mm and 152×43×10 mm. A total of 42 specimens with slenderness ratios ranging from 21 to 168 were tested. The compression members can be classified as short and long. The short compression members have linear behavior up to 90% to 95% of the ultimate crushing loads. The long compression members have linear behavior up to 80-90% of the flexural buckling loads. By comparing and fitting the test results with the design equations as presented in the ASCE Structural Plastics Design Manual, the design equations that can be used to predict the ultimate compressive stress of the compression members were proposed.
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Mustafa, Fahmida Naz, Nahid Yasmin, Munmun Islam, Shafinaz Mehzabin, Sharmina Siddique et Saleha Alam. « Pregnancy outcome in covid-19 positive women in a covid dedicated hospital ». Journal of Dhaka Medical College 29, no 2 (5 janvier 2021) : 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v29i2.51191.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objective: To see the maternal and fetal outcome in covid positive hospitalized pregnant women.
Method: It is an observational study done in Mugda Medical College Hospital. Duration was from 23 April, 2020 to 16 June, 2020 .
Result : 32 hospitalisedcovid positive pregnant women were studied. 84.4% women were above 25 years and 78% were multigravid. 19% had fever on admission and 59% had H/O fever. 22% had respiratory distress ranging from mild to severe on admission. During the hospital stay 28.2% needed ICU. 57.9% women delivered before completion of 37 weeks, among them. 26.3% were before 34 weeks. 79% women had delivery by Cesarean section and 10.5% had hysterotomy. In this study maternal mortality was 21% and 31.6% was perinatal mortality. There was no vertical transmission to fetus.
Conclusion: During thisstudy , it is found that pregnancy outcome was not good in covid positive pregnant women . For the infected mothers early medical supervision and availability of ICU in critical condition is needed for better pregnancy outcome.
J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 29, No.2, October, 2020, Page 153-157
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Kurtikov, R. M., et E. A. Sidorova. « Modeling the effect of rail sub-slope on the wear ». Herald of the Ural State University of Railway Transport, no 2 (2021) : 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/2079-0392-2021-2-21-29.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The relevance of the issue of modeling the effect of rail sub-slope on the wear intensity is due to the need to find technological solutions to reduce the wear rate in the contact of wheels and rails. The aim of the work is to find the relationship between the sub-slope of rails and the wear intensity. The research is based on experimental data obtained from the results of full-scale measurements of the sub-slope carried out in 2019-2020 on the Moscow Railway. In this article, it was proposed to divide the measurement sites into two types according to the sub-slope parameter. The authors proposed two types of functions describing two different types of rail sub-slope deviations registered on the rail track. The influence of deviations of the sub-slope described by the first and second types of the obtained functions on indicators of the force interaction of the track and rolling stock and wear in the contact zone of the wheels with the rails was evaluated using the Universal Mechanism software package. As a result of calculations, the values of lateral and frame forces, as well as indicators of wear - slip and maximum pressure at the point of contact of the wheels with the rails are obtained. The adequacy of the obtained values of the wear intensity in the contact zone of the wheels with the rails was estimated by the authors on the basis of comparison of the calculated data with the experimental data of the wear intensity obtained on the sections of the Moscow Railway. A change in the sub-slope along the length of the section can cause an increase in the intensity of wear in the contact area of the wheels with the rails, especially if there are significant deviations from the average value of the sub-slope.
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De Jager, Robert L., Howard Bruckner, Fred Bassali, Elisheva Dusowitz, AJ Book, Shoshana Distenfeld et Azriel Hirschfeld. « Blood tests to predict one- to two-year survival of patients with difficult cancers. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no 15_suppl (20 mai 2021) : e16158-e16158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e16158.
Texte intégralRésumé :
e16158 Background: A sequence of drug combinations produces > 1 median (M) -strong 2-year (yr) survival (S) (Bruckner et al AACR 14 Antica Res (ACR) 16, 18 SIGO 19). Trials included high-risk patients (pts). Each initial series has 5-yr Ss, after pts were referred for hospice care. Prognostic ALAN blood tests (Ts) have been validated for stage IV (Adv) Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) (Salati et al EuJCa18). Other Ts predict unexpected favorable (F) S of pts with gastric ca, PS 2-3. Bruckner et al JAMA, 82); but, there is little known about Ts for resistant (R) Ca. Methods: Planned Kaplan-Meier intent to treat analysis to find Ts that: expand eligibility (El) for therapy; identify biomarkers that predict therapy can prolong S and identify new hypotheses for therapy. El pts have:R to test drugs, Pancreatic (PC), Intrahepatic bile duct, CCA, Colon, CRC and new (N) APC. All series: -/+ high risk, -/+ aged, PS 0-2. El: Helsinki criteria- consent, recovered from severe (gr3) toxicity; able to reach office, -/+ help, and S > 6 wks. Inel: CNS involved, IV needed, F clinical factors predict 1 yr MST. Ts include A.L.A.N. scores, (AS) (Salati ibid) and other blood Ts (ACR ibid, Lavin et al CTR 82) Therapy GFLIO in mg/M2: gemcitabine 500, leucovorin 180, fluorouracil 1200, 24 hr infusion. Irinotecan 80 D2 Oxaliplatin 40. Then for progression (pg), add docetaxel 20-25, except CRC mitomycin C 4-6; next pg add cetuximab, except APC or KRAS-M, weekly, and next pg replace cetuximab with bevacizumab 10mg/kg ibid ACR 16. Results: At all ages, overall (O) S is > 1 yr for RCRC, and NAPC and sets with any 1 F or UnF T other than < 3.1 Albumin (Alb) or < 2.1 lymph/monocyte ratio (LMR) b For CCA, 17R/16N, OMS > 2 yrs 66% of pts and ≥ 2 yrs for all test sets except UnF, 26% of pts, MS 17 mos, with low Alb. For CRC: 50R OMS is 16.5 mos; 42% S 2 yrs, Fav Ts: MS > ̃ 2yrs, 39-82% of pts have FTs; Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR); < 3.1, 61% S 2 yrs, p < .02; Lymphs > 1.5, 53% S 2 yrs, p < .02; AS 0; 59% S 2 yrs, p < .06; Platelets < 300,000, 54% S 2 yrs, p < .06; Alb: ≥ 3.5, 48% S 2 yrs, p < .11. For N-APC: 53 pts, OS is 14.5 mos and > 12 mos in sets with any 1 UnF T other than Alb or LMR. FTs: MST 16.4-18 mos. 34-77% of pts have FTs; Alb ≥ 3.5, 34% S 2 yrs, p < 0.001; WBC < 10, 29% S 2 yrs, p < .06; AS 0-2, 35% S 2 yrs, p 2.7E-7. For R-PC: 53 pts, OS is 12 mos for 44% of pts, FTs: MST 13.6-17 mos, 21-70% of pts have FTs: Alb ≥ 3.5 30% S 2 yrs, p .0004; AS: 0, 41% S 2 yrs, p .0006; NLR < 3, 37% S 2 yrs, p < .02. GFLIO’s < 5% gr3 induction toxicity, is reversible, with no hospitalization, neutropenic fever or gr3 neuropathy. Conclusions: Robust Ts identify many difficult pts with median > 1 and testable prospective > 2 yr rates of S. Ts warrant development: validation with GFLIO and other therapy and other cancers; to improve Ts, models for eligibility and geriatric criteria; to identify false -/+ trials; and personalize trials to correct UnF Ts. FTs, with GFLIO, can change prognosis and practice for > 50% of pts now advised “against” any therapy due to a clinical estimate of “less than 6 -10 mos to live.” Clinical trial information: NCT01905150.
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Xing, Yuchen, Chuanzhao Zhang, Haoyu Wang, Ziyi Li et Yingshu Liu. « Airflow Distributions in a Z Type Centripetal Radial Flow Reactor : Effects of Opening Strategy and Opening Rate ». Processes 10, no 7 (23 juin 2022) : 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10071250.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was adopted to investigate the influence of the three-section opening strategy in the Z type centripetal radial flow reactor on the uniformity of the gas flow, which aimed to optimize the opening rate of the reactor. The simulation results showed that as the pore-opening ratio of are 10%, 16% and 29% for three sections from top to bottom of the central channel, the opening rate of the circular channel perforated plate is 10–12%, 21–25% and 30–40% from top to bottom, respectively; the uniformity of the reactor was then achieved. Through the simulation results, it was also found that the change in the opening rate at the center pipe perforated plate had a greater contribution to the gas flow mal-distribution inside the reactor. The contribution of the change in the opening rate of the annular channel perforated plate to the uniformity of the gas flow inside the reactor was smaller than that of the center pipe. Annular channel width should not be smaller, such that gas flow malfunction inside the reactor could be avoided, although high-speed velocity cases were encountered.
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Storms, Reg K., Ying Wang, Natalie Fortin, John Hall, Danh H. Vo, Wu-Wei Zhong, Howard Bussey et al. « Analysis of a 103 kbp cluster homology region from the left end of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome I ». Genome 40, no 1 (1 février 1997) : 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-022.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The DNA sequence and preliminary functional analysis of a 103-kbp section of the left arm of yeast chromosome I is presented. This region, from the left telomere to the LTE1 gene, can be divided into two distinct portions. One portion, the telomeric 29 kbp, has a very low gene density (only five potential genes and 21 kbp of noncoding sequence), does not encode any "functionally important" genes, and is rich in sequences repeated several times within the yeast genome. The other portion, with 37 genes and only 14.5 kbp of noncoding sequence, is gene rich and codes for at least 16 "functionally important" genes. The entire gene-rich portion is apparently duplicated on chromosome XV as an extensive region of partial gene synteney called a cluster homology region. A function can be assigned with varying degrees of precision to 23 of the 42 potential genes in this region; however, the precise function is know for only eight genes. Nineteen genes encode products presently novel to yeast, although five of these have homologs elsewhere in the yeast genome.Key words: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, chromosome I, cluster homology region, DNA sequence.
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BRITSKI, HERALDO A., et JULIO CESAR GARAVELLO. « Redescription of Parotocinclus bahiensis (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1918) (Pisces, Ostariophysi, Loricariidae) ». Zootaxa 2143, no 1 (29 juin 2009) : 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2143.1.5.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Microlepidogaster bahiensis Miranda-Ribeiro (1918), assigned to Parotocinclus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889, by Garavello (1977), was described in a short and uninformative way which does not allow for its distinction from other species of Parotocinclus; besides, the two syntypes of the species are regarded as lost. For these reasons a neotype is herein designated and a detailed description of the species is presented based on topotypes. The species is characterized by the combination of the following features: scapular bridge almost completely exposed ventrally, arrector fossae, when present, small or very reduced; abdomen covered by 5–7 wide lateral plates on each side and very small platelets in between, leaving abundant naked areas surrounding them; a small group of larger plates in front of anus; caudal peduncle ellipsoid in cross section; total plates in median series 21–23; longitudinal series with 23–26 plates; 18–29 teeth on premaxillary and 12–24 on dentary; it can also be distinguished by its characteristic caudal-fin color pattern. Features that allow us to assign the species to Parotocinclus and a hypothesis about its relationships with other species of the genus are also presented.
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K., Smitha, et Jasiya Afreen M. H. « Twin pregnancy, the study of maternal and perinatal outcome : what being a twin is like ? » International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no 11 (23 octobre 2019) : 4457. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20194875.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: Twin pregnancy is considered as a high-risk pregnancy due to associated high maternal and perinatal morbidity mortality in comparison with singleton pregnancy. The objectives of this study were to study the maternal and perinatal complications in twin pregnancies. To find out various factors that contribute to adverse perinatal outcome.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, Bengaluru. 92 women with twin pregnancies admitted in KIMS Hospital from September 2014 to September 2018, both booked and referred patients were studied. Individual patient parameters like age, parity, gestational age, mode of delivery, maternal complications were tabulated. Neonatal morbidity and mortality were noted, data thus obtained was analysed and results studied.Results: In the study the incidence of twin pregnancies was more in second gravida (53%). 72% of the patients were admitted between 28-36 weeks of gestation with preterm labour (23%) as the main cause for admission. Anaemia (8.69%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancies (17.39%), PPROM (21%), single foetal demise (5%) and IUGR (5.4%) were the antenatal complications observed. Out of the 92 patients, 29 (35.4%) patients delivered by vaginal route whereas 53 (64.6%) had to undergo C-section. DCDA twin constituted 66% of twins in the study and mal presentation was the commonest indication for caesarean section (50%). Among the 164 babies out of 92 twin pregnancies 8 babies were still born and 12 babies died by the end of one week due to complications related to prematurity like hyaline membrane disease, IVH.Conclusions: Early detection of twin pregnancies and proper antenatal care reduces both maternal and perinatal complication thereby improving maternal and perinatal outcome.
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Matthews-Greer, Janice, Hugo Dominguez-Malagon, Guillermo A. Herrera, James Unger, José Chanona-Vilchis, Gloria Caldito et Elba A. Turbat-Herrera. « Human Papillomavirus Typing of Rare Cervical Carcinomas ». Archives of Pathology & ; Laboratory Medicine 128, no 5 (1 mai 2004) : 553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2004-128-553-hptorc.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Context.—Most cervical tumors are classified as squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma, both of which are associated with persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Although other (rare) types represent less than 5% of all cervical carcinomas, it is necessary that these more unusual tumors be studied in the current era of papillomavirus vaccine development, especially in regions with high incidence of cervical cancer. Objective.—To compare papillomavirus types found in histologically rare cervical carcinomas (n = 29) with those types found in common cervical carcinomas (n = 14) archived at the Institute of Cancer in Mexico City, Mexico. Design.—Paraffin-embedded tissues were received and sectioned at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport. One section for each block was stained and examined by 2 pathologists. Specific histologies were categorized into 2 broad groups: common (squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma) or rare (adenosquamous, papillary, villoglandular, anaplastic, transitional, spindle, adenoid basal, colloid, neuroendocrine, and glassy cell carcinomas). Papillomavirus typing results were based on Roche Molecular Systems line-blot assay. Results.—No significant difference was found for dual HPV types (21% of both groups), positivity for HPV-16 (66% of rare tumors and 71% of common tumors), or absence of HPV types 16 or 18, although the rare cancers had a greater tendency toward more unusual HPV types (8/29 rare tumors and 1/14 common tumors had no HPV- 16 or HPV-18 DNA). Non–HPV-16/18 types found only in rare tumors included HPV types 52, 84, 26, 35, and 58. Conclusions.—Rare types of cervical carcinoma also are associated with papillomavirus, most with types similar to those found in common cervical neoplasias.
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Ayanniyi, Abdulkabir A., Christianah O. Fadamiro, Fatai O. Olatunji, Mustafa B. Hassan, Bola J. Adkoya, Joshua F. Owoeye et Isaac A. Uyanne. « Visual Disability : Causes and Implications on Patients’ Daily Living ». Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 4, no 1 (24 avril 2013) : 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i1.6842.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objective: To determine the causes and implications of visual disability (VD) on patients’ daily living. Methods: A cross section survey of 130 visually disabled (vd) Nigerians on visually related basic life activities, psychology and emotion in 2008. Both structured interview and relevant clinical examination were conducted for the vd to gather the necessary information. Results: VD was due mainly to cataract (82, 63.1%) and glaucoma (29, 22.3%). At least 78% of the causes of the VD were avoidable (treatable, curable). VD reduced/eliminated available manpower/workforce and increased the number of dependants. The most severely affected activities included driving, reading, threading a needle, but most vd could still cope with feeding and wearing of clothes. The activities missed most by the participants were appreciation of the beauty of nature, people/object recognition and reading. There was an association between the activities missed most and the vd levels of education (P=0.001) but not with gender (P=0.406). Most participants (85%) expressed sadness over VD and reported sadness had an association with educational levels (P=0.042) but not with gender (P=0.167). Though (97.7%) thought life was meaningless due to VD, all (100%) had hope in regaining normal vision. Most participants (82.3%) expressed sadness over dependence on the sighted for basic visual demanding tasks. Conclusion: Both cataract and glaucoma are leading causes of visual disability. Visual Disability diminishes quality of daily living and has economic, psychosocial and emotional implications. Renewed efforts towards preventing avoidable blindness and rehabilitating irreversibly blind will reduce the burden of vd. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i1.6842 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 4(2013) 21-29