Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Saratchandrer »

Saratchandra Chattopadhyay (1876-1938) in Arakshaniya (1916) has pictured Gyanoda, a socially abandoned and oppressed Bengali Hindu girl of 12/13 expected to be married off. Unable to endure the sexual violence and cruelties thrown upon her, Pecola in The Bluest Eye (1970) by Toni Morrison (b. 1931) looses her sanity. The colonial- society-constructed idea of beauty, the hurling insults of her schoolmates and neighbors, the perverted assurance of achieving beauty from the pedophile Soaphead Church and above all the sexual violence that she receives from her father leaves her in a dark world. Apart from her friends, she receives sympathy only from socially unaccepted ‘ruined’ women. Unlike Pecola, Gyanoda was restored to the world of love and affection primarily by her mother, younger aunt and then by Atul, her assumed love. Gyanoda, though rejected and humiliated by the family and the society, was not a total rejection as Pecola was. She managed to live on though not in a respected manner. This paper looks into Pecola’s psychic procedural patterns to show how she becomes an object of perversion and violence, which along with the established idea of beauty takes her to the verge of insanity. A comparative study has been done between Pecola and Gyanoda, two characters from two entirely different ethnicities and cultures. However, surprisingly both the characters encounter social hostility for their common characteristic “ugliness.” The very presumption of beauty, violence, and sex lead these young girls to the different worlds of their own. Black and female identities occupy very real political spaces of diaspora, dispossession and resistance. What is complicated is the simultaneity of suffering and power, marginalization and threat, submission and narcissism, which accre to Black and women’s bodies and their representation in racist cultures.--from “Feminism and the Colonial Body” by Kadiatu Kanneth.

ABSTRACT Aim This in vitro study evaluated the resistance form of die preparations for all ceramic restorations and, thereby, explored the concept of effective taper and its correlation between the ideal in theory and actual in the clinical situation by analyzing the digital images of the die preparations. Materials and methods Scanned digital images of 114 die preparations for all ceramic restorations (n = 114) were collected from a dental laboratory. All the images were also analyzed digitally using Adobe Photoshop® software to analyze the degree of taper (angle of convergence) of each preparation and then applied the Zuckerman's circle, and the Lewis perpendicular methods were used to measure the resistance form. Results For the current study, the overall average degree of taper was found to be 20.9° (range, 2—80°), which is more than what is recommended by most previous studies and also sharply greater than the textbook ideal of 3 to 6°. Mean degree of taper for maxillary was 17.56° (anterior—10.50°, posterior—23.7°), and for mandibular teeth, it was 25.22° (anterior—15°, posterior—28.45°). Out of the 64 analyzed images of maxillary teeth, 61 presented resistance form, while 3 were without it. Out of the 50 mandibular teeth analyzed, 38 possessed resistance form, whereas 12 were without. All the anterior teeth showed resistance form irrespective of the arch. Conclusion The degree of taper showed a significant relationship with resistance and retention form, which was inversely proportional to each other. The recommended “degree of taper” is not always the clinically achievable as advocated in textbooks, as it is modified by various factors in the actual clinical situation. Clinical significance The study provides scientific background regarding the relationship between the degree of taper with resistance and retention form, and the relationship was found to be inversely proportional to each other. The recommended “degree of taper” is not always the clinically achievable as advocated in textbooks, and it is modified by various modifying or limiting factors in the actual clinical situation. How to cite this article Muruppel AM, Thomas J, Saratchandran S, Nair D, Gladstone S, Rajeev MM. Assessment of Retention and Resistance Form of Tooth Preparations for All Ceramic Restorations using Digital Imaging Technique. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):143-149.

Abstract Obesity is a highly prevalent metabolic disease and an established risk factor for colon cancer. However, critical biological pathways underpinning this relationship remain undetermined. Herein, we integrate human and murine colon tumor transcriptomic data to identify obesity-responsive pathways conserved between species. Human colon cancer samples (n=155) were collected as part of the clinical ColoCare Study, a prospective cohort study of patients newly diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Enrolled patients were diagnosed with stage I-III colon cancer and treatment naïve at time of tissue collection. Patients were classified as having a BMI <30 kg/m2 (i.e., non-obese) or BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (i.e., obese) at baseline. Age, sex, tumor stage, and collection site were adjusted for in all analyses. Patients were 63.3 ± 13.7 years, 51% male, and 34% had a BMI ≥30. C57BL/6J adult female mice were fed a low-fat control diet (Research Diets D12450J, n= 8) or a high-fat diet-induced obesity regimen (D12492, n=7) for ~23 weeks, at which time 700 Apc-null;KrasG12D/+;Trp53-null;Smad4-null;tdTomato (i.e., AKPS) organoids were orthotopically transplanted into the colonic submucosa via colonoscopy-guided injection. Obese mice weighed more than controls (controls 26.4 ± 3.7 g vs. DIO 45.9 ± 9.7 g) and had more mesenteric fat surrounding the colon (controls 201 ± 143 mg vs. 1176 ± 589 mg). Tumors were excised after 4 weeks of growth. RNA was extracted from bulk human tumor samples and from the epithelial-enriched EpCAM+ cell population in murine tumor samples for RNA sequencing. Genes differentially expressed between the reference and obese groups were identified using DESeq2. For gene set enrichment analysis, genes were preranked by log2 fold change for both human and mouse datasets. There were 76 and 132 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; FDRq<0.10) identified in the human and mouse datasets, respectively. None of these 208 DEGs were common to both datasets. Thirty-five Hallmark gene sets in the human dataset and 25 Hallmark gene sets in the mouse dataset were significantly enriched in the obese group; 18 of these gene sets were common to both mouse and human datasets. These overlapping pathways were largely related to inflammation (e.g., inflammatory response, IL6 JAK STAT3 signaling, TNFɑ signaling) and metabolism (e.g., cholesterol homeostasis, glycolysis, and fatty acid metabolism). Additional analysis revealed 204 genes common between the leading edges of both transcriptomic datasets. These transdisciplinary data suggest that obesity induces a set of metabolic and inflammatory processes and/or pathways in colon tumors which is conserved between mice and humans. Future studies will mechanistically evaluate the role of candidate genes and pathways in obesity-associated colorectal carcinogenesis in our AKPS orthotopic organoid transplant mouse model. Citation Format: Elaine M. Glenny, Tengda Lin, Victoria M. Bandera, Biljana Gigic, Aik Choon Tan, Babak Mirminachi, Saratchandra S. Khumukcham, Alessandro Carpanese, Christy A. Warby, Olena Aksonova, Caroline Himbert, Jennifer Ose, Chris Stubben, David Nix, Kenneth Boucher, Peter Schirmacher, Ildiko Strehli, Jolanta Jedrzkiewicz, Alexander Brobeil, Martin A. Schneider, Christoph Kahlert, Erin M. Siegel, Adetunji T. Toriola, David Shibata, Christopher I. Li, Jane C. Figueiredo, Jatin Roper, Cornelia M. Ulrich, Stephen D. Hursting. Transcriptomic signatures of obesity-driven colon cancer: A multi-species transdisciplinary approach [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2190.

Inlays of Subjectivity is an incisive exposition of the question of subjectivity in modern Indian literature. Seeking to foreground subjectivity through literary expressions of intense emotionality, whether suffering, humiliation, creativity or strife, it also raises the timely question of the relation of justice and speech. This book studies select influential Indian literary texts across the last hundred years in various Indian languages to find overlapping preoccupations with selfhood. As the first chapter on K. R. Meera’s fiction demonstrates, it is the experience of felt injustice that first opens up the realm of subjectivity. Subjectivity is equally opened up by intense negative affect—such as the experience of humiliation—the memoirs of the Dalit writer Urmila Pawar testify to this in the second chapter. The next two chapters trace the historical and literary origins of this question of subjectivity through the novels of canonical writers such as Agyeya, Ismat Chughtai, Saratchandra Chatterjee, and Rabindranath Tagore. The fifth chapter turns to the subtle and powerful writer Krishna Sobti to bring together all these strands of subjectivity, affect and moral agency required in navigating an unequal and harsh world. The book thus hopes to provoke questions of the literary modes for exploring subject positions in a defined Indian literary milieu, and to reflect upon the relationship of literature, subjectivity, and affect.

The fourth chapter stays within this older tradition. Saratchandra Chatterjee’s Srikanta is to many the canonical Indian novel—it too is a bildung, following the protagonist from a wayward rural childhood into adulthood via many quests for livelihood and love. The protagonist Srikanta is far removed from a typical bourgeois clerical life. His life is often made via several fascinating female protagonists who educate him into the joys of non-conformity and courage. The chapter also includes a discussion of Rabindranath Tagore’s Garden—though less appreciated, the Garden is a fine meditation on illness and love. Unlike the infinitely mobile characters in Srikanta (male and female), here the ill female protagonist watches the world unfold in front of her (including her husband’s interest in another woman) even as she lies pinned to a bed.