Articles de revues : « San Salvi »

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Corsa, Rita. « Riflessioni sul controtransfert nella malattia dell'analista ». SETTING, n^o 28 (mai 2010) : 59–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/set2009-028007.

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In questo articolo una psicologa, che cominciň a lavorare nel 1975 nell'Ospedale psichiatrico di Firenze, popolarmente detto Manicomio di San Salvi, racconta in modo empatico la sua particolare esperienza, nell'ambito della cultura italiana degli anni Settanta. Un'esperienza breve, difficile ma stimolante, il suo primo contatto con gravi pazienti psichiatrici che vissero per moltissimi anni, e talvolta l'intera vita, dentro un manicomio. Nel 1978 la leggere numero 180, la cosiddetta "Legge Basaglia", stabilě che gli ospedali psichiatrici sarebbero stati chiusi. Nessun paziente fu piů ammesso; nell'ospedale restarono solo coloro per cui non fu possibile trovare un'altra sistemazione. Lavorare con loro da un punto di vista psicologico era veramente un'impresa disperata! Attualmente, i locali dell'Ospedale di San Salvi accolgono la Facoltŕ di Psicologia dell'Universitŕ di Firenze.

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Nowak, Polikarp. « Pojęcie nadziei w listach św. Ambrożego z Mediolanu ». Vox Patrum 52, n^o 2 (8 mars 2008) : 743–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.6310.

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Poiche recentemente il Papa Benedetto XVI ci ha voluto ricordare la grandę attualita della speranza con la sua lettera enciclica Spe salvi, rievocando anche la testimonianza dei cristiani e pastori dei tempi antichi, mi e venuta l’idea di esaminare sotto l’aspetto del termine della speranza le Lettere di S. Ambrogio di Milano. Nella ricerca e apparsa la ricchezza del suo insegnamento a questo riguardo. II primo e piu frequente senso del termine „speranza” e proprio quello profondamente cristiano ed escatologico. Specialmente nei commenti alle Lettere di San Paolo il nostro Autore dimostra una vicinanza del pensiero eon quello da cui inizia il Papa la sua enciclica: „Nella speranza siamo stati salvati”. Nelle riflessioni sulla speranza S. Ambrogio, sull'esempio dell'Apostolo Paolo, mette in stretto collegamento eon essa le altre virtu, specialmente la fede e la carita. Contemporaneamente awerte che la contrastano i vizi, i quali deviano i nostri desideri dal Signore e dal suo premio eterno verso i beni materiali e temporali. Un ampio spazio nell'insegnamento sulla speranza del nostro Vescovo occupa la relazione tra questa e le sofferenze e persecuzioni, subite dai giusti per la causa del Signore e della fede. Egli richiama qui l’esempio di tanti profeti e giusti biblici come anche i fedeli Pastori della Chiesa, esortando i suoi fedeli ad imitarli. Non per ultimo offre anche il proprio esempio, quando nei momenti drammatici del suo episcopato non esita di manifestare la sua prontezza al martirio per non cedere alle ingiuste pretese degli ariani o degli imperatori, i quali minacciavano il bene spirituale del gregge a lui affidato. La visione della speranza di S. Ambrogio e molto cristocentrica, come del resto tutta la sua teologia. Infatti, proprio Cristo e la sorgente e garanzia della nostra vera speranza. In questo contesto si pone un’espressione che si puó dire il frutto maturo delPinsegnamento del nostro Dottore sulla speranza: II fine della nostra speranza e il suo amore (Epistoła 16, 3).

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Wu, Bin-Wen, Tai-Long Pan, Yann-Lii Leu, Yu-Kaung Chang, Pei-Ju Tai, Kwang-Huei Lin et Jim-Tong Horng. « Antiviral Effects ofSalvia miltiorrhiza(Danshen) Against Enterovirus 71 ». American Journal of Chinese Medicine 35, n^o 01 (janvier 2007) : 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x07004709.

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In this study, the antiviral activities of seven different extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza (danshen) were determined. The first two extracts, SA1 and SA2, isolated at room temperature by ethyl acetate and water extraction, respectively, neutralized the enterovirus 71-induced cytopathic effect in Vero, rhabdomyosarcoma and MRC-5 cells. The other five crude extracts, extracted with warm water (60–70°C) or organic solvents, did not have any protective activity. The 50% inhibitory concentrations for neutralizing the enterovirus 71-induced cytopathic effect were 0.742 ± 0.042 mg/ml for SA1 and 0.585 ± 0.018 mg/ml for SA2 in Vero cells. No antiviral activity was observed in the other viruses tested. Antiviral activity was more efficient in cultures treated with SA1 or SA2 during viral infection compared to the cultures treated before or after infection, suggesting that these danshen extracts could interfere with viral entry. SA1 and SA2 were able to inhibit viral RNA synthesis in the infected cells and to abate the apoptotic process in enterovirus 71-infected Vero cells. We conclude that danshen extracts possess antiviral activity and have potential for the development as an anti-enterovirus 71 agent.

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Schuster, Eugene F., Hui Xiao, Maggie Cheang, Elena Lopez-Knowles, Lucy Kilburn, Viktoriya Korchina, Sejal Salvi et al. « Abstract PD15-03 : Overlapping molecular features (proliferation, immune signatures andTP53mutations) associated with palbociclib resistance inER+HER2- primary breast cancer ». Cancer Research 82, n^o 4_Supplement (15 février 2022) : PD15–03—PD15–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-pd15-03.

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Abstract Background: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors in combination with anti-hormone therapy are highly effective treatments for oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) and HER2 negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have reported mechanisms of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors to include interferon signalling, high CCNE1 expression and loss of RB1 expression. The PALLET phase II randomized neoadjuvant trial of letrozole (LET) ± palbociclib (PALBO) in postmenopausal ER+HER2- primary breast cancer showed that suppression of proliferation as measured by Ki67 was significantly greater with addition of PALBO to LET but did not result in all patients achieving complete cell-cycle arrest, indicating intrinsic resistance in some patients. We report phenotypes/genotypes associated with that resistance. Methods: In the PALLET trial, 307 patients were randomized to LET+PALBO (n=204) or LET (n=103) for 14wks. For the first 2wks of LET+PALBO patients were randomised to LET, PALBO or LET+PALBO. RNA-seq of baseline samples from consented patients was performed on fresh frozen biopsies for 224 patients (LET-only n=77; LET+PALBO n=147); whole exome sequencing was performed on 188 tumors and matched blood samples (LET-only n=61; LET+PALBO n=127). After 14wks of treatment, those patients with Ki67% < 2.7% were classified as having complete cell-cycle arrest (CCCA). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between patients sensitive (CCCA) and resistant (non-CCCA) to treatments with or without PALBO at 14wks by DESeq2. Mutect2 and VarScan was used to identify somatic mutations and CNVkit was used to identify copy number alterations in whole exome sequencing (WES). Results: In LET+PALBO treated patients, higher expression of E2F targets, interferon gamma response and mTORC1 signalling genes were observed in baseline gene expression of non-CCCA patients at 14wks (FDR<0.05, GSEA). Similar results were also observed if using 2wk Ki67 data. In LET-only non-CCCA patients, higher expression of mTORC1 signalling and lower expression of oestrogen response genes (FDR<0.05, GSEA) were observed. Additional analysis of baseline gene expression for non-CCCA at 14wks LET+PALBO patients showed higher expression of immune checkpoint inhibition associated genes including IFNG, IDO1, PD-L1 (FDR<0.05, DESeq2), higher expression of genes expressed only in immune cells and two gene signatures related to interferon signalling and immune checkpoint blockade (FDR<0.05, GSEA). Somatic mutation analysis showed a trend for enrichment of mutations in TP53 for both LET-only and LET+PALBO non-CCCA patients (p=0.02 and p=0.06, respectively, Fisher-exact) and significant enrichment of MAP3K1 mutations in LET-only CCCA patients (p<0.05, Fisher-exact). TP53 mutations were also associated with higher proliferation, mTORC1 and immune related signatures (all p<0.01, Mann-Whitney). Change at 14wks Ki67 was significantly different (p=0.02, Mann-Whitney) between TP53wt and TP53MUT for LET-only patients (median WT = -92%, MUT = -66%, p=0.02, Mann-Whitney ) but not for LET+PALBO (median WT = -99% MUT = -95%, p=0.13, Mann-Whitney). No copy number alterations were significantly enriched in LET+PALBO non-CCCA patients. Conclusion: We observe, confirming previous studies, an association of CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance, high expression of CCNE1 and genes related to interferon gamma signalling. We show that there is an overlap between resistance mechanisms and TP53 mutations. However, ER+HER2- patients with TP53 mutations may still benefit from PALBO adding to suppression of proliferation compared to LET-only treatment. Citation Format: Eugene F Schuster, Hui Xiao, Maggie Cheang, Elena Lopez-Knowles, Lucy Kilburn, Viktoriya Korchina, Sejal Salvi, Samuel A Jacobs, Melanie Finnigan, David A Wheeler, Shannon Puhalla, Donna Muzny, Harsha Doddapaneni, Katherine Pogue-Geile, Yuan Liu, Judith Bliss, Stephen Johnston, Mitch Dowsett, Mothaffar Rimawi, On behalf of the PALLET Trialists. Overlapping molecular features (proliferation, immune signatures andTP53mutations) associated with palbociclib resistance inER+HER2- primary breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD15-03.

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Paniagua Pérez, Jesús. « La Cofradía Quiteña de San Eloy ». Estudios humanísticos. Geografía, historia y arte, n^o 10 (9 février 2021) : 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehgha.v0i10.6733.

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El presente trabajo pretende acercarse al conocimiento de la cofradía de San Eloy de Quito a través de la documentación existente en Archivo de la Curia Metropolitana de la capital de Ecuador. Allí se encuentra un amplio documento fechado en 1752-1754 que recoge la lucha entre dos grupos de plateros por el control de la citada organización; el primero de ellos lo lideraba el maestro mayor José Murillo y el segundo, José Albán y Palís. El legajo se halla en buen estado de conservación, salvo el primer folio. Nos permite descubrir gran cantidad de aspectos sobre esta cofradía quiteña de la que ha desaparecido toda la documentación anterior.

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BEDOLLA-GARCÍA, BRENDA Y., SERGIO ZAMUDIO et HUGO A. CASTILLO-GÓMEZ. « Salvia huastecana (Lamiaceae), a new species from San Luis Potosí, Mexico ». Phytotaxa 433, n^o 1 (13 février 2020) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.1.1.

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Salvia huastecana is described and illustrated as a new species. It is known from the municipality of Xilitla, San Luis Potosí, Mexico. This taxon belongs to Salvia sect. Angulatae, is similar to S. albiflora and S. roscida but it can be distinguished by a higher number of flowers per verticillaster (9−12), longer caducous bracts with long caudate apex, hirsute calyx with erect trichomes and white corolla, sometimes with the upper lip and margins of the lateral lobes of the lower lip light blue stained. Photographs of living plants and the illustration of the new species are provided.

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Lu, Luyang, Hao Zhang, Yu Qian et Yuan Yuan. « Isolation of Salvianolic acid A, a Minor Phenolic Carboxylic Acid of Salvia miltiorrhiza ». Natural Product Communications 5, n^o 5 (mai 2010) : 1934578X1000500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1000500525.

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Salvianolic acid A (Sal A), a caffeic acid derivative present in Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), has shown significant biological activities, some of which are more potent than those of salvianolic acid (Sal B), the most abundant and bioactive compound in Danshen. However, its low content in the raw material makes it difficult to be used in the clinic. In this study, a novel procedure was developed to isolate Sal A from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Using this procedure, Sal A could be enriched to 1.7% in the raw material by hydrolyzing Sal B. The solution was further purified by macroporous resin and ODS column chromatography. The yield of Sal A was 0.5% with a purity of 98.0%. The procedure is efficient and convenient and is considered suitable for the separation of Sal A from Danshen.

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Ayerza (h), Ricardo. « Variaciones en el contenido de proteína, lípidos y ácidos grasos de la semilla de chía (Salvia hispanica L.) producida comercialmente en Ecuador ». La Técnica : Revista de las Agrociencias. ISSN 2477-8982, n^o 22 (18 décembre 2019) : 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/la_tecnica.v0i22.1785.

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Variations in the protein, lipid and fatty acid content of the commercial chia seed (Salvia hispánica L.) produced in Ecuador Resumen El objetivo fue determinar las variaciones en los contenidos de proteína, lípidos y composición de ácidos grasos de las semillas de chía producidas comercialmente en seis sitios de los ecosistemas de los Valles Interandinos (Altos y Bajos), Selva Lluviosa Pluviestacional y Bosque Seco Tropical, del Ecuador. El contenido de proteína fue más alto (p<0,05) en las semillas de Bosque de Oro (24,78%) y El Azúcar (24,35%) que las de los otros cuatro sitios, y sin diferencias significativas (P<0,05) entre ellos. Las semillas de Bosque de Oro (34,90%) y San Pablo presentaron el más alto contenido de lípidos, aunque sin diferencias significativas (p<0,05) con las de Salinas (32,65%) y Patate (31.97%). Las semillas originadas en Salinas presentaron el mayor (p<0,05) contenido de α-linolénico (66,75%), seguido por las de Patate (63,93%), Guayllabamba (63,57%), Bosque de Oro (63,53%) y San Pablo (62,70%). El ácido graso α-linolénico presentó una alta relación negativa con los ácidos grasos palmítico (R2 = 0,797; p<0,001), linoleico (R2 = 0,862; p<0,001), y oleico (R2 = 0,767; p<0,001). Palabras clave: aceite; ácidos grasos; chía; Ecuador; Salvia hispánica L. Abstract The objective was to determine the variations in the protein content, lipids and fatty acids composition of the chia seeds commercially produced in six locations of the Inter-Andean Valley (Low and high), Rainforest and Tropical Dry Forest ecosystems of Ecuador. The protein content was higher (p< 0.05) in the seeds from Bosque de Oro (24.78%) and El Azúcar (24.35%) than those originated in the other four locations and without significant differences (p < 0.05) between them. The seeds of Bosque de Oro (34.90%) and San Pablo had the highest lipid content, although without significant differences (p<0.05) with those of Salinas (32.65%) and Patate (31.97%). The seeds originated in Salinas had the highest (p<0.05) content of α-linolenic (66.75%), followed by those of Patate (63.93%), Guayllabamba (63.57%), Bosque de Oro (63.53%) and San Pablo (62.70%). The α-linolenic fatty acid showed a high negative relationship with palmitic fatty acids (R2 = 0.797; p<0,001), linoleic (R2 = 0.862; p<0.001), and oleic (R2 = 0.767; p<0.001). Keywords: chia; Ecuador; fatty acids; oil; Salvia hispanica L.

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Fernando García, Miguel. « Juan Pablo II a los sacerdotes ». CUADERNOS DE PENSAMIENTO, n^o 33 (12 octobre 2020) : 151–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.51743/cpe.65.

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El autor desarrolla el artículo en forma de díptico: en primer lugar, se ocupa de la teología y la espiritualidad sacerdotal de Juan Pablo II, vista a lo largo de su itinerario magisterial característico; en un segundo momento, expone, a modo de síntesis, la pastoral sacerdotal que nos ofrece san Juan Pablo II. Salva la distancia entre la realidad ontoteológica y su desenvolvimiento moral a través de una exhortación apremiante a la santidad de vida en la caridad pastoral.

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AKYOL, Mustafa. « A new species of Caligonella Berlese (Acari, Caligonellidae) from Turkey ». Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, n^o 12 (7 décembre 2018) : 2339. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.12.6.

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A new species viz. Caligonella urhani sp. nov., collected from soil and litter under Astragalus sp. (Fabaceae), Bromus sp. (Poaceae), Juncus sp. (Juncaceae) Medicago sativa (Fabaceae), Pistacia lentiscus (Anacardiaceae), Quercus infectoria (Fagaceae), Robinia pseudoacacia (Fabaceae) Salvia sp. (Lamiaceae) and Verbascum sp. (Scrophulariaceae), is described and illustrated based on adult females and protonymphs. A key to known species of Caligonella is provided.

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Bedolla García, Brenda Y., et SERGIO ZAMUDIO. « Four new species of Salvia (Lamiaceae) from central Mexico ». Phytotaxa 217, n^o 1 (22 juin 2015) : 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.217.1.3.

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Four new species of Salvia are described and illustrated. These come from central Mexico in the region studied in the project Flora del Bajío y de Regiones Adyacentes. The four species belong to the subgenus Calosphace. Salvia carranzae is placed in the section Fulgentes and is distinguished by the stem ascending at first and then pendulous, leaves that present an irregularly dentate margin, inflorescence supine, corolla tube without papillae inside, narrow lower lip of the corolla with three very short lobules on the apex, and the upper branch of the style shorter than the lower. Salvia calderoniae has affinity with the species of section Angulatae and is distinguished by being a perennial herbaceous plant, erect, with short, lax inflorescences (3.5–10 cm) With few verticillasters 12(–19) and few flowers per verticillaster (2–8), and corolla tube arched upwards of 6–13 mm long. Salvia xolocotzii is morphologically similar to the species of section Uliginosae; it is characterized by being a herbaceous perennial plant, stoloniferous, decumbent, 15–45 cm tall, terminal inflorescence, rachis and calyx with glandular pubescence, upper lip of the calyx entire, with 5 veins, blue corolla with ventricose tube and connectives with a short acute tooth. Salvia zamoranensis coincides with the species of section Brandegeia; it is characterized by abundant long trichomes, extended on stems and calyces, calyx with 5 veins, blue corolla and ventricose, invaginated and epapillate tube, and a lower lip with two lines of white marks. The four species are distributed in forests of temperate climates and are endemic to the northeast of Guanajuato and Querétaro and southeast of San Luis Potosí.

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Zhao, Rui, Xifang Liu, Lixin Zhang, Hao Yang et Qian Zhang. « Current Progress of Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases of Salvianolic Acid B ». Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (24 juin 2019) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3281260.

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Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Lamiaceae), one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese herbs, is widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease in clinical practice. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B, C36H30O16, FW=718.62) is the main water-soluble active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, which performs prophylactic and therapeutic activities against neurodegenerative diseases. So far, numerous studies have proved that multiple factors and mechanisms are involved in the pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases, including amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation and fibril formation, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, neuroinflammation, oxidative-stress damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuron apoptosis. This study is aimed at reviewing experimental studies and describing the possible mechanisms of Sal B on neurodegenerative diseases.

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Galván, Luis. « «Valle de lágrimas» y lugares de la gloria : la Celestina y el Salmo 83/84 ». Celestinesca 28 (15 janvier 2021) : 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/celestinesca.28.20032.

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Las últimas palabras de Pleberio son tanto una cita de la oración «Salve Regina» como una alusión al salmo 83 según la numeración de la Vulgata (84 según la hebrea). Las traducciones latinas de ese salmo y su comentario por San Jerónimo coinciden con la Celestina en el uso de los arquetipos del lugar ameno y el lugar horrible, y de la caída. Así pues, la alusión al salmo al final de la obra sugiere una ascensión simétrica al descenso experimentado por los personajes.

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Miralpeix, Francesc. « Una Negación de san Pedro a la manfrediana methodus en el convento de las carmelitas descalzas de Mataró (Barcelona) ». Locus Amoenus 19 (11 mars 2022) : 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/locus.436.

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El presente artículo trata de una de las pocas pinturas que se salvó del convento de carmelitas descalzas de la Inmaculada Concepción de Mataró (Barcelona), incendiado durante los primeros días de julio de 1936. Las concomitancias formales y compositivas existentes entre el lienzo, una Negación de san Pedro, y la obra de Bartolomeo Manfredi (1582-1622), uno de los principales seguidores de Caravaggio, sugieren una adscripción del cuadro mataronés a la manfrediana methodus, el exitoso patrón estilístico que irradió en la primera generación de caravaggisti europeos.

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Ramírez Riaño, Wilmer A., Diana Alexandra Lucena-G., Juan Pablo Gómez et Sergio Chaparro-Herrera. « Distribution and new records of the River Tyrannulet, Serpophaga hypoleuca P.L. Sclater & ; Salvin, 1866 (Passeriformes, Tyrannidae) in Colombia ». Check List 16, n^o 6 (6 novembre 2020) : 1465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/16.6.1465.

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Serpophaga hypoleuca P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1866, is a bird species distributed in northern South America, where it mainly inhabits shrubs on river islands and occasionally large river shores. Its distribution is not well known in Colombia where current records show the species present south of the Amazonas department and locally in Arauca and Vichada. We present a new locality in Colombia along the Guaviare River, in San José del Guaviare, which expands the known distribution of this species in Colombia, filling an information gap for the Guaviare region.

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Zárate Loperena, David. « La guerra kumiai en las postrimerías del siglo XVIII y la fundación de San Miguel Arcángel ». Estudios Fronterizos, n^o 14 (1 septembre 1987) : 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21670/ref.1987.14.a05.

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Este artículo se basa en una revisión de documentos históricos que manifiestan la resistencia que opusieron los kumiai a ser sometidos por los españoles. Los kumiai, un grupo aguerrido y rebelde el cual es objeto de este trabajo, llegaron en las postrimerías de la migración de los grupos de lengua yumana, ocupando la porción sur del Estado de California y el norte de la península. La fundación de la Misión de San Miguel Arcángel marcó el término de la insurrección indígena de los kumiai. Los años restantes del siglo XVIII transcurrieron en relativa calma, salvo algunos incidentes aislados.

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Sikora, Adam R. « Kaszubskie przekłady Pisma Świętego ». Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny 57, n^o 4 (31 décembre 2004) : 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.21906/rbl.526.

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Il casciubo è una lingua slava che si è formata in Pomerania quale lingua comune nel XVI sec. e dal XIX sec. si sviluppa anche quale lingua letteraria. Le traduzioni bibliche in casciubo sono state effettuate nei due periodi. Le prime, fatte dai pastori evangelici sulla base del testo tedesco, vengono dai sec. XVI e XVII. Esse contengono singole pericopi dell’Antico e del Nuovo Testamento, soprattutto i salmi e i cantici. Dalla metà del sec. XX invece i cattolici hanno cominciato il lavoro traslatorio. Nel 1992 sono apparsi I quattro Vangeli di d. Franciszek Grucza e nel 1993 Il Nuovo Testamento di Eugeniusz Gołąbek che prima, nel 1990, ha tradotto anche Il libro dei salmi. La base di queste traduzioni era la Biblia Tysiąclecia. Nel 2001 abbiamo ricevuto Il Vangelo secondo san Marco di p. Adam R. Sikora OFM, tradotto dal testo greco. Tutte queste traduzioni sono state approvate dalla Chiesa cattolica in Polonia. Adesso si prepara la traduzione casciuba di tutto l’Antico Testamento.Questa intensa attività traslatoria testimonia la vitalità della cultura e della fede dei Casciubi.

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Peng, Yucong, Pingyou He, Linfeng Fan, Hangzhe Xu, Jianru Li, Ting Chen, Wu Ruan, Zhangqi Dou et Gao Chen. « Neuroprotective Effects of Magnesium Lithospermate B against Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats ». American Journal of Chinese Medicine 46, n^o 06 (janvier 2018) : 1225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x18500647.

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Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe cerebrovascular disease with few effective pharmacotherapies available. Salvia miltiorrhiza, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has been widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases for centuries. Recent studies have demonstrated that magnesium lithospermate B (MLB), a bioactive ingredient extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, exerts neuroprotective effects in several central nervous system insults. However, little is known about the role of MLB in SAH-induced brain injury and the exact molecular mechanism. In the current study, we studied the neuroprotective effects of MLB in SAH and explored the potential mechanism. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to an endovascular perforation process to produce an SAH model. MLB was administrated intraperitoneally at 30[Formula: see text]min after SAH with a dose of 25[Formula: see text]mg/kg or 50[Formula: see text]mg/kg. We found that administration of MLB significantly attenuated brain edema and neurological deficits after SAH. In addition, immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that MLB dose-dependently inhibited the activation of microglia and reduced neuronal apoptosis. Western blot analysis showed that MLB decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokine TNF-[Formula: see text] and pro-apoptotic protein cleaved caspase-3. More importantly, MLB increased the expression of SIRT1, while inhibited the acetylation of NF-[Formula: see text]B. Furthermore, pretreatment with sirtinol (a selective inhibitor of SIRT1) reversed all the aforementioned effects of MLB after SAH. In conclusion, our results indicated that MLB exerted robust neuroprotective effects against SAH via suppressing neuroinflammation and apoptosis. These neuroprotective effects of MLB against SAH might be exerted via regulating the SIRT1/NF-[Formula: see text]B pathway. MLB or the SIRT1/NF-[Formula: see text]B pathway could be a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for SAH management.

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Ruiz Martínez, Alfredo, Antonio Maximino Carmona López et Paul Ramírez Sánchez. « MANEJO FORESTAL Y SABERES DE LOS EJIDATARIOS DE SAN SEBASTIÁN RÍO HONDO, OAXACA ». Textual, n^o 79 (17 novembre 2022) : 229–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5154/r.textual.2022.79.09.

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El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar los saberes tradicionales de los ejidatarios de San Sebastián Río Hondo, Oaxaca, sobre el aprovechamiento forestal y la conservación de los bosques. La investigación es de carácter cualitativo basada en la metodología del Análisis de Contenido, la fuente de información consistió en el trabajo de campo en los ejidos del municipio con la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas durante el año 2021. Los resultados muestran que el territorio ejidal, conformado primordialmente por bosques de pino y encino, es explotado por debajo de su potencial forestal y se ha mantenido inalienable desde su origen, lo que ha permitido la conservación de los recursos silvícolas. Por otro lado, no se identifican prácticas tradicionales que favorezcan la conservación de los bosques salvo los recorridos que realizan los ejidatarios para prevenir y controlar los incendios y plagas.

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Ruiz-Aragoneses, Rosa. « Cuando crecer salva. Sentido salvífico del crecimiento de la humanidad de Jesús : Una perspectiva Ireneana ». Scripta Theologica 52, n^o 2 (24 juin 2020) : 433–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/006.52.2.433-461.

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Partiendo de un análisis de Adversus Haereses IV 38,1-4 nos adentraremos en el crecimiento humano como categoría teológica clave en san Ireneo. Desde ahí y como consecuencia de la verdadera Encarnación, descubriremos la centralidad del crecimiento en la humanidad de Jesús y el sentido salvífico que necesariamente adquiere en coherencia con el pensamiento ireneano. Crecimiento que pone en primer plano la acción del Espíritu Santo y la libre acogida para crecer acompañados del Verbo.

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Kaksic, Nikola. « Un salterio miniato quattrocentesco dal convento di San Francesco a Zara ». Eikon / Imago 5, n^o 1 (8 juin 2016) : 113–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/eiko.73481.

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L'autore discute un manoscritto miniato dal convento di San Francesco a Zara. Nove fogli che caratterizzano le iniziali più rappresentative di questo manoscritto sono stati tolti nel 1974 e la loro ubicazione è sconosciuta fin da allora. Solo vecchie fotografie in bianco e nero di questo Salterio sono note nella letteratura scientifica. Con l'ausilio di particolari dei colori conservati su un rotolo di pellicola presso l'Ufficio della Conservazione a Zara, l'autore tenta di ricostruirne l'aspetto originario. Egli mette in evidenza il fatto che questo salterio non è stato analizzato a fondo o descritto consistentemente. Egli stabilisce che si tratta di un salterio liturgico (Psalterium feriale), che si distingue da un salterio biblico, e che contiene un innario (Psalterium cum hymnis). Ogni salmo e inno inizia con un’iniziale illuminata, la maggior parte delle quali sono decorative. Tuttavia, il salterio ha otto iniziali figurale (littera historiata), che l'autore analizza individualmente e stabilisce come un riflesso diretto della divisione del Salterio nei giorni della settimana liturgica. La decorazione figurale è stata data solo per le iniziali del primo salmo di ogni nuovo giorno liturgico (feria), che fanno sette in totale. Essi sono: i Salmi I, XXVI, XXXVII, LII, LXVIII, LXXX e XCVII, dove il Salmo I marca la Domenica, il Salmo XXVI il Lunedi e così via, fino alla fine della settimana liturgica. La decorazione figurale è stata data anche alla prima iniziale all'inizio del Salterio che si apre con un cosiddetto Invitatorium. Ogni iniziale figurale è descritta in dettaglio, e particolare enfasi viene data all’iniziale B nel folio 5, che rappresenta l'iniziale più ricca di tutto il Salterio. Nella sua parte inferiore c’è una rappresentazione di San Bernardino, invece di Sant'Antonio da Padova o di San Francesco come è stato suggerito. In questo lavoro, l'autore pubblica tutte le iniziali e le inserisce nel contesto dei rispettivi salmi. Il documento difrerenzia graficamente tre tipi di iniziali attraverso l'uso di differenti composizione. Le iniziali figurali, littera historiata, sono stampate in grassetto, il corsivo viene applicato alla littera dominicalis, mentre gli altri, 'littera ferialis', che costituiscono la maggior parte, sono stampati in caratteri regolare. Il colore rosso è utilizzato per una rubrica, che sono i sottotitoli che segnano le sezioni individuali del Salterio come l’Invitatorium, feria, inni, ecc. Questo permette anche coloro che non hanno il comando della lingua Croata di conoscere l'intero contenuto del salterio. Contrariamente all'opinione corrente che sostiene che il Salterio è l’opera di una scuola veneziana, e contrariamente a una visione isolata che è stato creato a Zara stessa, l'autore ritiene che il Salterio è stato creato nel cerchio di Bologna, molto probabilmente intorno al 1460 o appena dopo questa data.

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González Costilla, Onésimo, Joaquín Giménez de Azcárate, José García Pérez et Juan Rogelio Aguirre Rivera. « FLÓRULA VASCULAR DE LA SIERRA DE CATORCE Y TERRITORIOS ADYACENTES, SAN LUIS POTOSI, MÉXICO ». Acta Botanica Mexicana, n^o 78 (1 janvier 2007) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21829/abm78.2007.1027.

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La Sierra de Catorce, localizada en el norte del estado de San Luis Potosí, reúne algunas de las principales cimas del Desierto Chihuahuense cuyas cotas superan los 3000 metros. Ello ha favorecido que la Sierra sea una importante área de diversificación de la flora y las fitocenosis de dicha ecorregión. A partir del estudio fitosociológico de la vegetación del territorio, que se está realizando desde 1999, se ha obtenido un catálogo preliminar de su flora. Hasta el momento la lista de plantas vasculares está conformada por 526 especies y cuatro taxa infraespecíficos, agrupados en 293 géneros y 88 familias. Las familias y géneros mejor representados son Asteraceae, Poaceae, Cactaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae y Lamiaceae, así como Quercus, Opuntia, Muhlenbergia, Salvia, Agave, Bouteloua y Dyssodia, respectivamente. Asimismo se señalan los tipos de vegetación representativos del área que albergan los diferentes taxa. Por último, con base en diferentes listas de flora amenazada, se identificaron las especies incluidas en alguna de las categorías reconocidas.

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AlMotwaa, Sahar M., Mayson H. Alkhatib et Huda M. Alkreathy. « Incorporating ifosfamide into salvia oil-based nanoemulsion diminishes its nephrotoxicity in mice inoculated with tumor ». BioImpacts 10, n^o 1 (22 mai 2019) : 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/bi.2020.02.

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Introduction: Nephrotoxicity is one of the major side effects of the chemotherapeutic drug, ifosfamide (IFO). In this study, IFO was solubilized in nanoemulsion (NE) containing salvia (SAL) essential oil to investigate its adverse side effects in mice. Methods: One hundred female Swiss albino mice (n = 20/group) were split into five groups. Group I (Normal) received saline solution (0.9% (w/v) NaCl) while groups II-V were intraperitoneally (I.P.) injected with 2.5 × 106 Ehrlich ascetic carcinoma (EAC) cells/mouse. Group II (EAC) represented the untreated EAC-bearing mice. Group III (IFO) was treated with IFO at a dose of 60 mg/kg/d (I.P. 0.3 mL/mouse). Group IV (SAL) was treated with 0.3 mL blank NE-based SAL oil/mouse. Group V (SAL-IFO) was treated with IFO, loaded in 0.3 mL of blank SAL-NE, at a dose of 60 mg/kg/d (I.P. 0.3 mL/mouse). Groups III-V were treated for three consecutive days. Results: There was a double increase in the survival percentage of the SAL-IFO group (60%) relative to the IFO group (30%). Renal damage with the presence of Fanconi syndrome was indicated in the IFO group through a significant elevation in the levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urine bicarbonate, and phosphate in addition to a reduced level of glucose compared to the normal group. On the other hand, the administration of SAL-IFO into the mice reversed this effect. Additionally, the oxidative stress in the kidney tissues of the SAL-IFO group was ameliorated when compared to the IFO group. Conclusion: Incorporating IFO into SAL-NE has protected the kidneys from the damage induced by IFO.

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Pavan, Marco. « «SONO IN TE TUTTE LE MIE SORGENTI!» (SAL 87,7) ». PARALELLUS Revista de Estudos de Religião - UNICAP 13, n^o 33 (30 décembre 2022) : 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25247/paralellus.2022.v13n33.p357-370.

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La dimensione «ecumenica» del Salterio si può cogliere, in modo particolare, se si considera come in quest'opera è affrontata la questione dell'universalismo. Il presente contributo abbozza un'analisi del modo in cui nei salmi il rapporto tra preghiera e, appunto, universalismo è declinato – tenendo prima di tutto in considerazione alcuni testi singoli e poi il libro nel suo complesso. Le diverse modalità di rappresentazione del cammino verso l'unità dei popoli, ognuna associata ad una forma diversa di preghiera, costituiscono una delle premesse della visione neotestamentaria della Chiesa, sulla quale si basano gli sforzi dell'ecumenismo contemporaneo.

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Hu, Ke Shun, Chong Le Chen, Huan Ru Ding, Tian Yu Wang, Qin Zhu, Yi Chen Zhou, Jia Min Chen et al. « Production of Salvianic Acid A from l-DOPA via Biocatalytic Cascade Reactions ». Molecules 27, n^o 18 (18 septembre 2022) : 6088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27186088.

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Salvianic acid A (SAA), as the main bioactive component of the traditional Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza, has important application value in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, a two-step bioprocess for the preparation of SAA from l-DOPA was developed. In the first step, l-DOPA was transformed to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DHPPA) using engineered Escherichia coli cells expressing membrane-bound L-amino acid deaminase from Proteus vulgaris. After that, the unpurified DHPPA was directly converted into SAA by permeabilized recombinant E. coli cells co-expressing d-lactate dehydrogenase from Pediococcus acidilactici and formate dehydrogenase from Mycobacterium vaccae N10. Under optimized conditions, 48.3 mM of SAA could be prepared from 50 mM of l-DOPA, with a yield of 96.6%. Therefore, the bioprocess developed here was not only environmentally friendly, but also exhibited excellent production efficiency and, thus, is promising for industrial SAA production.

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De Lillo, Enrico, Onofrio Panzarino, Pamela Loverre, Domenico Valenzano, Chiara Mattia, Francesca Marini, Matthew Augé et Massimo Cristofaro. « New eriophyoid mites from Italy. IV. Mites associated with weed plants ». Systematic and Applied Acarology 22, n^o 12 (29 décembre 2017) : 2256. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.22.12.15.

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Geographical surveys of plant feeders on weeds are essential for finding species which can be studied as classical biological control agents of alien plants. Four eriophyoid species have been collected on well-known weeds surveyed on the Italian territory. A new species, Aceria verbenacae sp. nov., was found on leaf and stem deformations of Salvia verbenaca L. (Lamiaceae) and is described and illustrated. Two Phyllocoptinae species were found for the first time in Italy: Aculus mosoniensis (Ripka & Érsek) comb. nov. and Metaculus rapistri Carmona. Aculus mosoniensis was collected on leaf deformations of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Simaroubaceae), whereas M. rapistri was collected on leaf and stem deformations of Isatis tinctoria L. (Brassicaceae). Finally, Aceria drabae (Nalepa) was found on deformed leaves and stems of Lepidium draba L. (Brassicaceae) in central Italy. Its previous record in Friuli Venezia Giulia was based only on symptoms observed on the host plants. Three last species are described and illustrated in details to allow morphological comparisons along with previous reports.

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Gol, Ali, Hussein Sadeghi-Namaghi et Enrico De Lillo. « A new species, a redescription of Aceria lamii (Liro, 1943) and two new records of eriophyoid mites (Acari : Trombidiformes : Eriophyoidea) on weeds in Golestan province, Iran ». Systematic and Applied Acarology 24, n^o 2 (4 février 2019) : 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.24.2.3.

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During a faunistic survey on eriophyoid mites associated with weeds in Golestan province of Iran, four eriophyoid species were collected. A new species, Aculops hyperisaemum sp. nov., was found on Hypericum androsaemum L. (Hypericaceae) and herein described and illustrated. Paraphytoptus paradoxus Nalepa, 1896, Aceria lamii (Liro, 1943) and Aceria verbenacae de Lillo et al., 2017, were found respectively on Artemisia absinthium L. (Asteraceae), Lamium album L. and Salvia nemorosa L. (Lamiaceae) and are reported for the first time in Iran. Aculops hyperisaemum sp. nov. and A. lamii were vagrant on the underside of the leaves of their host plants and no symptoms were detected. Aceria lamii is redescribed using modern microscopy and terminology. Paraphytoptus paradoxus was vagrant on the leaf underside and caused discoloration of the leaves; this is the first record of Paraphytoptus from Iran. Aceria verbenacae induced erinea on leaves, petioles, stems and flowers on a new host plant species.

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Garibay, Mariela. « La escultura como respuesta al amor de Dios a la luz de Juan Pablo II ». CUADERNOS DE PENSAMIENTO, n^o 33 (12 octobre 2020) : 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.51743/cpe.66.

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El arte como respuesta al amor de Dios, san Juan Pablo II en su carta dirigida a los artistas realiza una llamada a quienes tienen esta especial vocación hacia la belleza, concibiendo el arte como el bien que salva, como “un puente tendido hacia la experiencia religiosa”, como el medio que transformando la materia abre las almas al sentido de lo eterno y las lleva a Dios. El arte se convierte entonces, en una vocación al servicio del bien, capaz, a través de nuestra sensibilidad, de elevar nuestro espíritu, de animar nuestro camino, sobre todo en momentos de confusión y dificultad, de provocarnos asombro, y así devolvernos las ganas de vivir y disfrutar de la belleza que nos envuelve. Es lo que intento plasmar en mi obra como escultura.

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Covarrubias Correa, Andrés. « El Contra Academicos de San Agustín : un modelo retórico-dialéctico en busca de la sabiduría ». Universitas Philosophica 37, n^o 75 (14 septembre 2020) : 101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.uph37-75.card.

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Quizá existan pocas obras de filosofía que integren de una manera tan certera aspectos dialécticos y retóricos como el Contra Academicos. Más aún, en ciertos momentos se hace difícil separar ambas técnicas discursivas, salvo por algunas pistas que San Agustín propone en el texto. Todo lo anterior, a pesar de la posición de tensión que manifiesta el autor entre, por una parte, su impulso de alejarse de la vanidad de la retórica aprendida en su juventud y, por otra, la conveniencia de su utilización para la persuasión del auditorio. Con todo, respecto de la retórica podemos afirmar que hay dos momentos en los cuales es posible reconocer claramente su presencia en la obra: 1) las referencias directas a la “persuasión” y a elementos técnicos propios de la oratoria; y 2) la puesta en práctica de un discurso retórico, en este caso necesario y no accidental, para coronar la argumentación. En este artículo analizo ambos aspectos de un modo sistemático, con el fin de indagar las razones por las que este diálogo agustiniano requiere, para lograr su objetivo, la comparecencia de dialéctica y retórica.

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Fuentes Ruíz, Nadia Verónica, et Aurora Del Rosario Salazar de Escolero. « Embarazo ectópico hepático. » Alerta, Revista científica del Instituto Nacional de Salud 4, n^o 1 (12 janvier 2021) : 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/alerta.v4i1.10099.

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El embarazo ectópico abdominal es el más raro de los embarazos. El saco gestacional se implanta en la pelvis o en estructuras vascularizadas como hígado, bazo o mesenterio. El riesgo de complicación es 7 a 8 veces mayor que el riesgo de un embarazo ectópico tubárico, y es 90 veces mayor que el de un embarazo intrauterino. Por esta razón, tiene una elevada mortalidad y el diagnóstico temprano, así como, su tratamiento oportuno salva vidas. Este caso relata la historia de una mujer de 43 años multípara, de la zona rural, quien consultó por sensación de plenitud, dolor abdominal relacionado a la ingesta de comidas grasosas y ausencia de menstruación de 7 semanas. Sin precisar un diagnóstico, presentó signos de shock hipovolémico, por tal motivo, fue referida al Hospital San Juan de Dios de San Miguel; donde fue atendida en máxima urgencia, se hizo el diagnóstico de embarazo ectópico hepático roto y se realizó cirugía de emergencia en conjunto con cirugía general. Se le extirpó el lóbulo hepático derecho que contenía el embarazo y luego se le colocó un parche de epiplón. El manejo en unidad de cuidados intensivos tuvo buen término, a pesar de la inestabilidad hemodinámica que presentó.

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Yuan, Tianyi, Yucai Chen, Huifang Zhang, Lianhua Fang et Guanhua Du. « Salvianolic Acid A, a Component of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Attenuates Endothelial–Mesenchymal Transition of HPAECs Induced by Hypoxia ». American Journal of Chinese Medicine 45, n^o 06 (janvier 2017) : 1185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x17500653.

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Salvianolic acid A (SAA), a polyphenols acid, is a bioactive ingredient from a traditional Chinese medicine called Dan shen (Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge). According to previous studies, it was shown to have various effects such as anti-oxidative stress, antidiabetic complications and antipulmonary hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SAA on pulmonary arterial endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) induced by hypoxia and the underlying mechanisms. Primary cultured human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (HPAECs) were exposed to 1% O2 for 48[Formula: see text]h with or without SAA treatment. SAA treatment improved the morphology of HPAECs and inhibited the cytoskeleton remodeling. A total of 3[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M SAA reduced migration distances from 262.2[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m to 198.4[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m at 24[Formula: see text]h and 344.8[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m to 109.3[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m at 48[Formula: see text]h. It was observed that the production of ROS in cells was significantly reduced by the treatment of 3[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M SAA. Meanwhile, SAA alleviated the loss of CD31 and slightly inhibited the expression of [Formula: see text]-SMA. The mechanisms study shows that SAA treatment increased the phosphorylation levels of Smad1/5, but inhibited that of Smad2/3. Furthermore, SAA attenuated the phosphorylation levels of ERK and Cofilin, which were enhanced by hypoxia. Based on these results, our study indicated that SAA treatment can protect HPAECs from endoMT induced by hypoxia, which may perform via the inhibition on ROS production and further through the downstream effectors of BMPRs or TGF[Formula: see text]R including Smads, ERK and ROCK/cofilin pathways.

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Hu, Yang, Qingju Li, Yunzheng Pan et Li Xu. « Sal B Alleviates Myocardial Ischemic Injury by Inhibiting TLR4 and the Priming Phase of NLRP3 Inflammasome ». Molecules 24, n^o 23 (3 décembre 2019) : 4416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234416.

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Salvianolic acid B is one of the main water-soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Many reports have shown that it has significant anti-myocardial ischemia effect. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Our present study demonstrated that Sal B could alleviate myocardial ischemic injury by inhibiting the priming phase of NLRP3 inflammasome. In vivo, serum c-troponin I (cTn), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, the cardiac function and infract size were examined. We found that Sal B could notably reduce the myocardial ischemic injury caused by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. In vitro, Sal B down-regulated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling cascades in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated H9C2 cells. Furthermore, Sal B reduced the expression levels of IL-1β and NLRP3 inflammasome in a dose-dependent manner. In short, our study provided evidence that Sal B could attenuate myocardial ischemic injury via inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. And in an upstream level, MD-2 may be the potential target.

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Djakic, Zarko, Aleksa Knezevic et Pal Boza. « Some extinct plant taxa on the territory of Novi Sad and their vulnerability status in Vojvodina and Serbia ». Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, n^o 122 (2012) : 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn1222045d.

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Natural habitats on the territory of Novi Sad are almost fully destroyed today, as well as their characteristic plant taxa. The reason for disappearance of natural habitats is the development of suburban communities, which is an irreversible process. Plant taxa, specific for wet, salty, and sandy ecosystems grew on those habitats twenty years ago and earlier. This paper presents the overview of 9 taxa (Suaeda maritima subsp. maritima, Androsace elongata subsp. elongata, Cirsium boujartii subsp. boujartii, Aster sedifolius subsp. canus, Blackstonia perfoliata subsp. serotina, Plantago maritima subsp. maritima, Salvia nutans, Allium angulosum, and Typha schuttleworthii). These taxa presented integral parts of autochthonous flora of Novi Sad. Since some of these taxa were found in the field 21 years ago and some even 93 years ago, they are extinct from the flora of Novi Sad.

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Ma, Quanxin, Qinqin Yang, Jiaojiao Chen, Chen Yu, Lizong Zhang, Weimin Zhou et Minli Chen. « Salvianolic Acid A Ameliorates Early-Stage Atherosclerosis Development by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats ». Molecules 25, n^o 5 (28 février 2020) : 1089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051089.

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Salvianolic acid A (SAA), an important bioactive polyphenolic acid found in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, may be used for treating metabolic disorders due to its anti-inflammatory activity. Since chronic inflammation plays an important role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with atherosclerosis (AS), SAA may have beneficial effects on AS. Here, we evaluated the effects of SAA on metabolic disorders in male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats induced by a high-fat diet and Vitamin D3 injections. Compared with the model group, the SAA high dosage (1 mg/kg) group exhibited decreased hemoglobin A1C levels but unchanged blood glucose levels. The disrupted lipid profiles were ameliorated by SAA, with significantly decreased levels of blood cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride. The protective effects of SAA against early AS were further confirmed by histopathological examination of aortic tissues. In addition, we observed that SAA decreased serum hs-CRP levels and suppressed the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB signaling in aortic tissues of ZDF rats. Collectively, our results demonstrate the potential of SAA to alleviate AS and T2DM in ZDF rats as a result of its anti-inflammatory effects.

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Rizwan, Ali, Rao Saeed, Taseer Ahmadv, Aftab Ullah, Zaira Ather, Sohail Muhammad, Iradat Hussain et Usman Ali. « Evaluation of Salvia haematodes Linn for their anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-cholinesterase activity ». Journal of Phytopharmacology 3, n^o 5 (25 octobre 2014) : 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2014.3503.

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The indigenous medicinal plant Salvia haematodes Linn (SAL) was screened for its pharmacological activities. The crude extract fractions were prepared in methanol, n-hexane, di chloromethane (DCM) and n-butanol by cold maceration process. The antioxidant effect of the extract fractions was observed by 1-1- diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazine (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The anti-microbial activity was observed by using disc diffusion method. Furthermore, anti-enzymatic activity was studied against LOX (anti-lipoxygenase), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The results exhibited that the n-hexane (0.5 mg/mL) and DCM (0.5 mg/mL) fractions of SAL showed 83.3 ± 0.8% and 91.56 ± 0.7 % inhibition of DPPH radical. Whereas, the n-butanol fraction of the crude extract did not show any effect. The methanolic extract (10 mg/disc) of SAL inhibited the growth of E. coli at 12±0.5 mm as compared to ciprofloxacin (17.3 ± 0.5 mm). Moreover, at concentration of 0.5 mg/mL, the n-hexane and DMC extracts of SAL inhibited 68.19±0.39 % and 75.8 ± 1.7% of LOX enzyme respectively, against standard Baicallin (93.7 ± 1.2 % ). The methanol fraction of SAL showed 77.95 ± 0.6 % of AChE inhibition, whereas, Eserine standard inhibited 91.2 ±1.1% of AChE. The methanolic fraction of SAL showed 51.9±0.4 % inhibition of BChE enzyme against standard Eserine (82.8±1.0%). However, the DCM and n-hexane fractions did not elucidate any activity. Therefore, it is concluded that SAL have different pharmacology activities that may be due to presence of certain pharmacologically active compound.

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Zhao, Yuan, Yinhan Guo et Xinbin Gu. « Salvianolic Acid B, a Potential Chemopreventive Agent, for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer ». Journal of Oncology 2011 (2011) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/534548.

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Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is one of the top ten cancers in the United States. The survival rate of HNSCC has only marginally improved over the last two decades. In addition, African-American men bear a disproportionate burden of this preventable disease. Therefore, a critical challenge of preventive health approaches is warranted. Salvianolic acid B (Sal-B) isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, which is a well-know Chinese medicines has been safely used to treat and prevent aging diseases for thousand of years. Recently, the anticancer properties of Sal-B have received more attention. Sal-B significantly inhibits or delays the growth of HNSCC in both cultured HNSCC cells and HNSCC xenograft animal models. The following anticancer mechanisms have been proposed: the inhibition of COX-2/PGE-2 pathway, the promotion of apoptosis, and the modulation of angiogenesis. In conclusion, Sal-B is a potential HNSCC chemopreventive agent working through antioxidation and anti-inflammation mechanisms.

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HUERTAS, BLANCA, CARLOS PRIETO, FREDY MONTERO, MIKE ADAMS, JEAN FRANÇOIS LE CROM, MAURIZIO BOLLINO, YENNY CORREA-CARMONA et PABLO SEBASTIÁN PADRÓN. « One Hundred Years of Solitude : rediscovery of Catasticta lycurgus (Godman & ; Salvin, 1880), a yellow butterfly from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia (Lepidoptera : Pieridae) ». Zootaxa 4975, n^o 1 (24 mai 2021) : 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4975.1.7.

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Catasticta lycurgus is a striking endemic butterfly, restricted to high elevation habitats in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, an isolated mountain range separate from the Andes in the north of Colombia. The type, which for almost a hundred years was the only known specimen, was collected in 1878 by Frederick Simons in the vicinity of Atánquez and was sent to the UK to be described by renowned naturalists Godman and Salvin in 1880. In 1972, explorers Adams and Bernard collected a second specimen of C. lycurgus in the locality of San Pedro at 2,900m of elevation in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. These two specimens were the only known ones for many decades until recently, when Colombian entomologists found the species again in San Pedro de la Sierra and later, when a female was discovered in 2013. Here, we report the rediscovery of this rare and charismatic species, with new specimens collected near the type locality, which have not been reported previously. The female of C. lycurgus is described and illustrated for the first time as well the male genitalia of this species. We combine all information available to provide some insights on the systematic relationships of this species within the genus Catasticta Butler, discuss its distribution and provide a preliminary conservation assessment. Despite the newly collected specimens, the species remains very rare in the field and in collections.

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Rodríguez de Ita, Guadalupe. « El Primer Seminario Regional de la Comisión Interamericana de Mujeres (CIM), San Salvador (1951) ». Diálogos Revista Electrónica 9 (20 janvier 2008) : 2884. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/dre.v9i0.31448.

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La Comisión Interamericana de Mujeres (CIM), organismo multiestatal, surgido en 1923 yvigente hasta nuestros días, ha desarrollado a lo largo de su existencia diversas iniciativas yacciones encaminadas a conocer y mejorar la situación de las mujeres del continente americano,así como a que se reconozcan y respeten los derechos femeninos en dicha zona. Tales iniciativasy acciones, si bien no han sido cabalmente contundentes, en buena medida por falta de voluntadpolítica de los Estados miembros de la Unión Panamericana y de la Organización de EstadosAmericanos, si han tenido su impacto en las sociedades de este hemisferio. De allí que seaimportante estudiar este organismo y sus actividades. Entre ellas se tiene justamente el seminario regional del que se ocupa esta ponencia, cuyo objetivo es efectuar un primer acercamiento a las reivindicaciones, los debates y las recomendaciones que tuvieron lugar en el seno de ese seminario, celebrado en San Salvador, entre el 15 de enero y el 3 de febrero de 1951, en el que participaron representantes de Estados Unidos, México y Centroamérica.Dicho acercamiento está basado fundamentalmente en la documentación consultada en el ArchivoHistórico “Genaro Estrada” de la Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores de México, en donde se han ubicado importantes informes rendidos por las participantes del seminario, así como notas de prensa con las que se ha podido reconstruir, salvo algunos pequeños detalles, gran parte del proceso de este seminario.

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An, Tian, Jing Zhang, Bohan Lv, Yufei Liu, Jiangpinghao Huang, Juan Lian, Yanxiang Wu, Sihua Gao et Guangjian Jiang. « Salvianolic acid B plays an anti-obesity role in high fat diet-induced obese mice by regulating the expression of mRNA, circRNA, and lncRNA ». PeerJ 7 (28 février 2019) : e6506. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6506.

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Background Adipose tissue plays a central role in obesity-related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a water-soluble ingredient derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been shown to reduce obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases by suppressing adipogenesis. However, the role of Sal B in white adipose tissue (WAT) is not yet clear. Methods Illumina Hiseq 4000 was used to study the effects of Sal B on the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in epididymal white adipose tissue induced by a high fat diet in obese mice. Results RNA-Seq data showed that 234 lncRNAs, 19 circRNAs, and 132 mRNAs were differentially expressed in WAT under Sal B treatment. The up-regulated protein-coding genes in WAT of the Sal B-treated group were involved in the insulin resistance pathway, while the down-regulated genes mainly participated in the IL-17 signaling pathway. Other pathways may play an important role in the formation and differentiation of adipose tissue, such as B cell receptor signaling. Analysis of the lncRNA–mRNA network provides potential targets for lncRNAs in energy metabolism. We speculate that Sal B may serve as a potential therapeutic approach for obesity.

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Tapia Zerpa, Carlos Enrique, et Juan Miyahira Arakaki. « Síndrome de Alport autosómico recesivo. A propósito de un caso. » Revista Medica Herediana 19, n^o 1 (31 octobre 2012) : 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20453/rmh.v19i1.973.

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Mujer, de 14 años de edad procedente de San Martín (Perú), ingresó al hospital con historia de tres meses de disnea, palidez e hiporexia, y disminución del volumen urinario en el último mes. Dos semanas antes de su ingreso presentó cefalea global, diplopía y náuseas y vómitos. Acudió al hospital de su localidad donde le indicaron tratamiento con ampicilina y gentamicina, por sospecha de pielonefritis aguda; al no observar mejoría fue trasladada a nuestro hospital. No había antecedentes personales ni familiares de importancia, salvo que los padres eran consanguíneos. Al examen se encontró palidez, opacidades bilaterales en el cristalino, hipoacusia bilateral y flapping. Los exámenes de laboratorio mostraron anemia y retención nitrogenada (urea 233 mg/dL y creatinina 15 mg/dL). El examen de orina mostró alteraciones tubulares, proteinuria y hematuria. La ecografía renal mostró riñones pequeños. El examen ocular reveló catarata nuclear polar posterior en ojo derecho y catarata total en el ojo izquierdo y la audiometría, sordera neurosensorial bilateral.

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Dunstone, Nigel, Rachel Freer, Gerardo Acosta-Jamett, León Durbin, Ian Wyllie, Marcelo Mazzoli et Dawn Scott. « Uso del hábitat, actividad y dieta de la güiña (Oncifelis guigna) en el Parque Nacional Laguna San Rafael, XI Región, Chile ». Boletín Museo Nacional de Historia Natural 51 (28 décembre 2002) : 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54830/bmnhn.v51.2002.329.

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Una investigación de selección de hábitat, patrones de actividad y dieta de la güiña fue llevada a cabo empleando técnicas de radiotelemetría en un bosque Valdiviano transicional dentro del Parque Nacional Laguna San Rafael, sur de Chile. La disponibilidad de presas en el sitio de estudio fue estimada mediante trampeo de pequeños mamíferos y la dieta mediante análisis fecales. El ámbito de hogar promedio de O. guigna fue de 269 ha con una considerable superposición de los ámbitos de hogar y las áreas-núcleo dentro de estos. Bosque, matorral-bosque y chaparral-matorral predominaron en los rangos de la mayoría de los individuos. Salvo el estepa y el matorral, todos los otros hábitats fueron utilizados más frecuentemente que lo esperado. La mayor densidad de roedores fue encontrada en el bosque y la especie más abundante fue Abrothrix olivaceus. El análisis de 84 fecas mostró que el mayor componente de la dieta fueron los pequeños mamíferos (82%), seguidos por las aves (23%), material vegetativo (2%) e invertebrados (1 %).

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Lezcano Aquino, Y. M., L. Ayala Aguilera, E. Añazco, P. V. Peña Alvarenga, M. J. González Vera et H. Sarubbi Orué. « Physiological Quality of Salvia hispanica L. Seeds at Differents Paraquat Application Moments ». Journal of Agricultural Science 12, n^o 9 (15 août 2020) : 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n9p252.

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Chía (Salvia hispanica L.) seed contains more oil and protein than other grains, has a high content of omega-3 linolenic acid, essential for human nutrition. Paraguay is currently among the five largest chía producer countries in the world, with 80 000 ha planted in 2013. The experiments were carried out during the months of March and October of 2017, the field work was made in the district of Chore-San Pedro, Paraguay departament, and laboratory evaluations in the Seed Analysis and Quality Laboratory of Agrarian Sciences, National University of Asunción-Paraguay. The objective of this investigation was to determine the physiological quality effect on chia seeds with differents paraquat moments application. The variables study consisted in evaluate the seeds germinative power, calculate the vigor by measuring length of seedlings and accelerated aging, also estimate different harvest times yield. The randomized complete blocks design was used with 4 treatments with 4 repetitions. The obtained results were analyzed by ANOVA and the means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. The Paraquat herbicide was applied as a desiccant to accelerate and standardize the chia harvest at different maturing times, called as early, middle and late. In all the analyzed variables it is shown that the early application obtained the best results concluding that the application of paraquat in early harvest favors the yield and the final quality of the seeds.

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Jeronimo, Carlos Enrique, Igor R. A. Nogueira, Leonardo V. L. Mendonça, Nycollas R. L. P. Martins et Pamella C. C. Sá. « BENEFICIAMENTO DO SAL : UMA VISÃO DOS RISCOS AMBIENTAIS ». HOLOS 3 (2 août 2013) : 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.15628/holos.2013.994.

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O presente estudo buscou analisar todo o pro-cesso de beneficiamento do sal, que em todas as suas fases proporciona riscos ambientais aos colaboradores. Realizou-se um levantamento exploratório qualitativo que possibilitou descrever e analisar os riscos físicos a que estão submetidos os trabalhadores desse segmento industrial. Os dados foram coletados e analisados utili-zando-se como técnicas de trabalho em campo e de interpretação das informações coletadas, respectiva-mente, a observação e a análise preliminar de riscos. Dos resultados obtidos com o trabalho demonstrou-se a necessidade de adoção de medidas preventivas e corre-tivas, com o intuito de evitar acidentes, no processo de beneficiamento do sal, pois essa é a etapa da produção que apresenta a maior diversidade de riscos e concen-tração do maior número de trabalhadores do ramo sali-neiro.

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Kivell, Bronwyn, Kelly Paton, Nitin Kumar, Aashish Morani, Aimee Culverhouse, Amy Shepherd, Susan Welsh, Andrew Biggerstaff, Rachel Crowley et Thomas Prisinzano. « Kappa Opioid Receptor Agonist Mesyl Sal B Attenuates Behavioral Sensitization to Cocaine with Fewer Aversive Side-Effects than Salvinorin A in Rodents ». Molecules 23, n^o 10 (11 octobre 2018) : 2602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102602.

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The acute activation of kappa opioid receptors (KOPr) produces antinociceptive and anti-cocaine effects, however, their side-effects have limited further clinical development. Mesyl Sal B is a potent and selective KOPr analogue of Salvinorin A (Sal A), a psychoactive natural product isolated from the plant Salvia divinorum. We assessed the antinociceptive, anti-cocaine, and side-effects of Mesyl Sal B. The anti-cocaine effects are evaluated in cocaine-induced hyperactivity and behavioral sensitization to cocaine in male Sprague Dawley rats. Mesyl Sal B was assessed for anhedonia (conditioned taste aversion), aversion (conditioned place aversion), pro-depressive effects (forced swim test), anxiety (elevated plus maze) and learning and memory deficits (novel object recognition). In male B6.SJL mice, the antinociceptive effects were evaluated in warm-water (50 °C) tail withdrawal and intraplantar formaldehyde (2%) assays and the sedative effects measured with the rotarod performance task. Mesyl Sal B (0.3 mg/kg) attenuated cocaine-induced hyperactivity and behavioral sensitization to cocaine without modulating sucrose self-administration and without producing aversion, sedation, anxiety, or learning and memory impairment in rats. However, increased immobility was observed in the forced swim test indicating pro-depressive effects. Mesyl Sal B was not as potent as Sal A at reducing pain in the antinociceptive assays. In conclusion, Mesyl Sal B possesses anti-cocaine effects, is longer acting in vivo and has fewer side-effects when compared to Sal A, however, the antinociceptive effects are limited.

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Pei, Ming Xin, Shu Jun Dong, Xin Yue Gao, Ting Luo, Dong Fan, Jun Feng Jin, Xiao Duo Zhao et Yan Ling Chen. « Salvianolic Acid B Attenuates Iopromide-Induced Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Injury by Inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway ». Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (26 juin 2022) : 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8400496.

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Postcontrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) is directly caused by the use of contrast, indicating a clear causal relationship between the contrast and the injury. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a water-soluble compound of Salvia miltiorrhiza, has a potent anti-inflammatory effect. We conducted a study to explore whether the protective effect of Sal B on iopromide-induced injury in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) is related to inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signal pathway. The results showed that 100 μmol/L Sal B counteracted the decrease in cell viability, the increase of ROS and the number of apoptotic cells, and the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) induced by iopromide. Molecular docking analysis showed that Sal B binds TLR4 and NLRP3 proteins. Moreover, 100 μmol/L Sal B also decreased the expression of TLR4, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, p-NF-κB, cleaved caspase-3, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 induced by iopromide. TAK-242, a TLR4 antagonist, was added to further explore the mechanism of Sal B. However, the cotreatment group with TAK-242 and Sal B had no significant difference in cell viability and apoptosis rate compared to the treatment group with TAK-242 or Sal B alone. These results indicated that Sal B can inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signal pathway, resulting in the alleviation of iopromide-induced HK-2 cell injury.

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Aragón-Parada, Juvenal, Abisaí Josué García-Mendoza et Gabriel González-Adame. « Listado florístico y comunidades vegetales del Cerro Giubldan, San Bartolomé Quialana, Oaxaca, México ». Acta Botanica Mexicana, n^o 128 (5 mars 2021) : e1797. http://dx.doi.org/10.21829/abm128.2021.1797.

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Antecedentes y Objetivos: Oaxaca, con más de 9362 especies de plantas vasculares y 26 tipos de vegetación, es el estado con mayor diversidad florística en México. Sin embargo, el conocimiento florístico de grandes extensiones de su territorio aún se desconoce. El Cerro Giubldan está ubicado en el municipio San Bartolomé Quialana, distrito Tlacolula, región de los Valles Centrales, Oaxaca, México, y no posee ningún estudio referente a su flora y vegetación. Este trabajo tiene como objetivos el presentar el inventario florístico del Cerro Giubldan, identificar las familias y géneros con mayor y menor representatividad y describir las comunidades vegetales presentes y la superficie que ocupan. Métodos: De 2012 a 2015 se realizaron salidas de campo para recolectar plantas con estructuras reproductivas, las cuales fueron procesadas y posteriormente depositadas en los herbarios HUNSIJ, IBUG, IEB y MEXU. Los ejemplares fueron identificados con claves, el apoyo de especialistas y cotejados con material del herbario MEXU y la base de datos REMIB. Resultados clave: La flora vascular comprendió 100 familias, 308 géneros y 535 especies. Las familias más diversas fueron Asteraceae (81), Fabaceae (47), Orchidaceae (30), Lamiaceae (18), Asparagaceae (15) y Crassulaceae (15). Los géneros más ricos fueron Salvia (14), Quercus (9), Agave (7), Echeveria (7), Solanum (7) y Lamourouxia (6). Se registraron 167 especies endémicas de México y 43 de Oaxaca; ocho representan nuevos registros a nivel específico para el estado. Se describieron y caracterizaron cuatro comunidades vegetales: bosque de Quercus seco, bosque de Quercus húmedo, matorral xerófilo y comunidad rupícola. Conclusiones: La mayor riqueza de especies vegetales se concentró en 15 familias representadas por hierbas, arbustos y árboles. El bosque de Quercus seco registró la mayor diversidad, seguido del bosque de Quercus húmedo y el matorral xerófilo.

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Santos-Neto, Leopoldo Luiz dos, Maria Alice de Vilhena Toledo, Patrícia Medeiros-Souza et Gustavo Almeida de Souza. « The Use of Herbal Medicine in Alzheimer's Disease—A Systematic Review ». Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 3, n^o 4 (2006) : 441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nel071.

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The treatments of choice in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA-receptor antagonists, although doubts remain about the therapeutic effectiveness of these drugs. Herbal medicine products have been used in the treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) but with various responses. The objective of this article was to review evidences from controlled studies in order to determine whether herbs can be useful in the treatment of cognitive disorders in the elderly. Randomized controlled studies assessing AD in individuals older than 65 years were identified through searches of MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane Library, dissertation Abstract (USA), ADEAR (Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trials Database), National Research Register, Current Controlled trials, Centerwatch Trials Database and PsychINFO Journal Articles. The search combined the terms Alzheimer disease, dementia, cognition disorders, Herbal, Phytotherapy. The crossover results were evaluated by the Jadad's measurement scale. The systematic review identified two herbs and herbal formulations with therapeutic effects for the treatment of AD:Melissa officinalis,Salvia officinalisand Yi-Gan San and BDW (Ba Wei Di Huang Wan).Ginkgo bilobawas identified in a meta-analysis study. All five herbs are useful for cognitive impairment of AD.M. officinalisand Yi-Gan San are also useful in agitation, for they have sedative effects. These herbs and formulations have demonstrated good therapeutic effectiveness but these results need to be compared with those of traditional drugs. Further large multicenter studies should be conducted in order to test the cost-effectiveness of these herbs for AD and the impact in the control of cognitive deterioration.

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Chien, Liang-Hsuan, Chien-Ta Wu, Jeng-Shyan Deng, Wen-Ping Jiang, Wen-Chin Huang et Guan-Jhong Huang. « Salvianolic Acid C Protects against Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury through Attenuation of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Apoptotic Effects and Activation of the CaMKK–AMPK–Sirt1-Associated Signaling Pathway in Mouse Models ». Antioxidants 10, n^o 10 (15 octobre 2021) : 1620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101620.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden reduction in kidney activity and has a high mortality rate. Salvianolic acid C (SAC), one of the main polyphenolic components of Salvia miltiorrhiza, displays significant pharmacologically active effects. An animal model of cisplatin-induced kidney injury was used to study the potential of SAC to improve AKI. First, SAC was administered intraperitoneally in mice for 10 consecutive days, and then cisplatin was administered intraperitoneally on day 7 to establish a nephrotoxicity mouse model. SAC mitigated renal histological changes, blood creatinine (CRE) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) production and the levels of inflammatory mediators in the cisplatin-induced AKI. Furthermore, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were reduced and glutathione (GSH) was increased after intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) administration of SAC. In addition, based on Western blot data, SAC reduced the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in mouse renal tissues. Finally, SAC diminished the level of TLR-4 expression and enhanced the production of several antioxidative enzymes (superoxidase dismutase (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase (GPx3), catalase, nuclear-factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1)), Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), p-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p-Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK). In addition, Sirt1 inhibition (EX 527) inverted the effect of SAC against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Collectively, SAC provides a therapeutic target with promising clinical potential after cisplatin treatment by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation.

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Ye, Tiantian, Haibin Qu et Xingchu Gong. « Preparation of Salvianolic Acid B Disodium Salt Considering the Water Extract Quality Standard ». Molecules 24, n^o 7 (1 avril 2019) : 1269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071269.

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A preparation process of salvianolic acid B (SAB) disodium salt from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) is provided in this work. A water extract quality standard was also developed to estimate the influences of Danshen quality on SAB disodium salt quality at an early stage of the preparation process. Crude SAB solution was obtained after water extraction, concentration, acidification, 1-butanol extraction, water washing, basification, and water back extraction. Extraction temperature, extraction pH, and back-extraction pH were identified to be key parameters for the preparation of crude SAB solution. These parameters were optimized with Box–Behnken designed experiments. Crude SAB solution was further purified with a chromatography process. AMBERCHROW CG161M resin was selected as the best adsorbent. SAB disodium salt could be obtained by drying the eluate. Considering the quality of Danshen may affect the purity and yield of SAB disodium salt, different batches of Danshen were used to prepare SAB disodium salt with the optimized parameters. Water extract indices of phenolic compound purity and phenolic compound yield were measured. By developing models between SAB disodium salt purity and yield with water extract indices, the quality standard of Danshen water extract was obtained. The application of water extract quality standards can improve the quality consistency of SAB disodium salt. The effects of different batches of Danshen raw materials on the final product could be evaluated at the beginning of production stages. The present method could prepare about five grams of high-purity SAB disodium salt (>95%) in one preparation cycle. The method reported in this work can also be used to develop process intermediate quality standards for other natural products.

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Huang, Ming-Qing, Cai-Jie Zhou, Yi-Ping Zhang, Xiao-Qin Zhang, Wen Xu, Jing Lin et Pei-Jian Wang. « Salvianolic Acid B Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia in db/db Mice through the AMPK Pathway ». Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 40, n^o 5 (2016) : 933–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000453151.

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Background/Aims: Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a major polyphenolic compound of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has been shown to possess potential antidiabetic activities. However, the action mechanism of SalB in type 2 diabetes has not been investigated extensively. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Sal B on diabetes-related metabolic changes in a spontaneous model of type 2 diabetes, as well as its potential molecular mechanism. Methods: Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were orally treated with Sal B (50 and 100 mg/kg) or metformin (positive drug, 300 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. Results: Both doses of Sal B significantly decreased fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, triglyceride and free fatty acid levels, reduced hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression and improved insulin intolerance in db/db mice. High dose Sal B also significantly improved glucose intolerance, increased hepatic glycolytic gene expression and muscle glycogen content, and ameliorated histopathological alterations of pancreas, similar to metformin. Sal B treatment resulted in increased phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) protein expression in skeletal muscle and liver, increased glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and glycogen synthase protein expressions in skeletal muscle, and increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and phosphorylated acetyl CoA carboxylase (p-ACC) protein expressions in liver. Conclusion: Our data suggest that Sal B displays beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes at least in part via modulation of the AMPK pathway.

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