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1
El, Mghadmi Z. Y. « Effect of environmental stresses and growing medium amendment with 'Zander' on growth of Acacia saligna under saline conditions ». Thesis, Coventry University, 2011. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/5727ee90-f827-485e-93d9-94a9b5456f43/1.
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In Libya salinization of land and ground water is a key problem. A. saligna is one species that offers potential for growth under these conditions. Experiments were undertaken to accelerate the germination of Acacia seeds, and various pre-treatment methods were assayed. Boiling water treatment, mechanical scarification and acid improved germination and germination rate. Sowing A. saligna seeds at 30 mm depth gave greatest seedling growth from large and medium seeds whereas 20 mm was more suitable for small seeds. This study aimed to improve the establishment of Acacia saligna irrigated with saline water, plants were grown for seven weeks under greenhouse or field conditions in (Libya) either sand or soil salinized with varying applications of NaCl. Irrigation with NaCl significantly decreased plant survival and growth and concentration of Ca, Na, K, Fe and P ions in plants with 0.5 M or 1.0 M NaCl. The experiments were repeated using a naturally occurring soil amendment called ‘Zander’. Seeds of A. saligna were grown for seven weeks in both greenhouse and field trials as before but with the addition of Zander and NaCl. Zander improved plant survival and growth with salinity and increased the elements in plants (Ca, Na, K, Fe and P). Field experiments were conducted to assess the effects of saline irrigation with 1.0 M NaCl and extra water added to 0% or 10% Zander on survival and growth, consequently, seedling growth significantly decreased with increase in soil salinity. Survival and growth increased with increase in extra water. The additional irrigation water caused an increase in the uptake of Ca++ and increased the Ca++/Na+ and K+/Na+ ratio. Zander did not appear to reduce net uptake of Na+ and its transport to shoot tissues. Mg++, P, K+ and Ca++ content significantly decreased in plants in response to salinity. Possible mechanisms to avoid Na+ toxicity in A. saligna in response to salinity included increasing the supply of Ca++. Extra Ca++ applied into the medium with and without salt increased survival and growth even in the absence of Zander. Calcium increased uptake of Ca++ and increased Ca++/Na+ and K+/Na+ ratio.
2
Strydom, Gideon Louwrens. « Saligia ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020884.
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When her life starts falling apart, a journalist and writer heads for a small rural town. Here the strange and wonderful tales about a local woman ignite her curiosity. As the town's secrets unravel she finds the truth behind all the fantasies. And in fighting her own demons she makes an unusual connection to this woman. She soon realises that this connection holds the key to her own salvation. Or her downfall.
3
Masmoudi, Salma. « Dynamique du phytoplancton et caractérisation physiologique et moléculaire de trois espèces autotrophes de la saline de Sfax(Tunisie), un milieu extrémophile ». Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA1015/document.
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La saline de Sfax est un environnement thalasso halin (milieu salé alimenté par de l’eau de mer) riche en plancton malgré la contrainte du sel et l’intensité lumineuse élevée. Cette richesse est due à ses facteurs physico-chimiques particuliers. L’analyse STATICO a mis en évidence que l’azote et le phosphore peuvent influencer la distribution du phytoplancton en plus de la salinité qui domine dans ce milieu particulier. En se basant sur ce dernier paramètre, nous avons pu regrouper les espèces selon leur tolérance au sel. Afin de mieux comprendre le comportement du phytoplancton, trois espèces autotrophes Dunaliella salina (Chlorophycée), Cylindrotheca closterium (diatomée) et Phormidium versicolor Cyanophycée) ont été isolées, identifiées puis cultivées en batch dans de l’eau de mer artificielle sous trois niveaux d’éclairement et en présence de trois concentrations en NaCl. La croissance, l’activité photosynthétique ainsi que l’activité enzymatique anti-oxydante ont été mesurées. L’appareil photosynthétique de la Chlorophycée et de la cyanobactérie est moins affecté que celui de la diatomée qui est irréversiblement altéré aux forts éclairements et à la plus forte salinité; l’activité antioxydante n’a été détectée que sous l’éclairement le plus élevé et la synthèse des pigments caroténoïdes, qui sont des anti-oxydants non enzymatiques, est fortement activée surtout chez D.salina. La salinité et le niveau d’éclairement inter-réagissent sur la physiologie des trois espèces qui possèdent des mécanismes de résistance aux stress plus ou moins efficaces, d’où des résistances différentes aux contraintes du milieu selon les espècesThe saltern of Sfax is a thalasso haline environment (salt medium supplied with sea water) plankton-rich despite the high salinity and the high light intensity. This richness is due to its physico-chemical characteristics. The STATICO analysis shows that nitrogen and phosphorus can influence the distribution of the phytoplankton in addition to salinity that dominates in this peculiar medium. Basing on this parameter, we could group the species according to their salt tolerance. To better understand the behavior of the phytoplankton, three autotrophic species Dunaliella salina (Chlorophyceae) Cylindrotheca closterium (diatom) and Phormidiumversicolor (Cyanophycea) were isolated, identified and grown in batch in artificialseawater in the presence of three NaCI concentrations and under three irradiations. Growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity were measured. The photosynthetic apparatus of the Chlorophyceae and the cyanobacteriumwas less affected than the diatom’s one that was irreversibly altered under high illumination and the highest salinity ; the antioxidant activity was only detected in cells grown under the highest irradiance and the synthesis of carotenoid pigments, that are non-enzymatic antioxidants,was strongly activated especially in D.salina. Salinity and light inter-reacted on the physiology of the three species that possess resistance mechanisms to stresses more or less effective, resulting in different resistance to environmental stresses depending on species
4
Karahalios, Karrie. « Salient movies ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37554.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1995.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-65).
by Karrie Karahalios.
M.Eng.
5
Teodosio, Laura A. « Salient stills ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68267.
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Zhang, Hua. « Saline, thermal and thermal-saline buoyant jets ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21325.pdf.
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7
Massey, Michael J. « Storytelling with salient stills ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61827.
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8
Farzaneh, Sara. « Comparison of Salient Feature Descriptors ». Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1145.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In robot navigation, and image content searches reliable salient features are of pivotal importance. Also in biometric human recognition, salient features are increasingly used.
Regardless the application, image matching is one of the many problems in computer
vision, including object recognition.
This report investigates some salient features to match sub-images of different images.
An underlying assumption is that sub-images, also called image objects, or objects, are
possible to recognize by the salient features that can be recognized independently.
Since image objects are images of 3D objects, the salient features in 2D images must be
invariant to reasonably large viewing direction and distance (scale) changes. These
changes are typically due to 3D rotations and translations of the 3D object with respect to
the camera. Other changes that influence the matching of two 2D image objects is
illumination changes, and image acquisition noise.
This thesis will discuss how to find the salient features and will compare them with
respect to their matching performance. Also it will explore how these features are
invariant to rotation and scaling.
9
Jan, Virginie. « Etude des protéines de salives ». Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MNHN0069.
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1) Evolution des phospholipases A2 (PLA2) de venin de vipères européennes et implications dans la toxicité du venin : Notre étude a pour base la mise en évidence d’une population de vipères « aspic » au venin neurotoxique dans deux départements du sud-est de la France. Nous avons mené une étude du transcriptome des PLA2 du venin de ces vipères. Nous avons pu montrer que l’évolution de la toxicité de leur venin est due à l’expression simultanée des gènes de 2 neurotoxines, l’ammodytoxine (Atx) et la vaspine. L’Atx aurait été acquise par des flux de gènes suite à des événements d’hybridation et d’introgression, alors que la vaspine résulte de l’expression de deux gènes ancestraux. La diversité des PLA2 des venins de 9 sous-espèces de Vipera a été comparée afin de déterminer l’origine de cette population neurotoxique. L ensemble des variations observées au niveau du transcriptome des PLA2, résulte des mécanismes de régulation d’expression de gènes et la perte de copies de gènes. Nos études ont permis de montrer l’importance des évènements de recombinaison dans l’évolution de la famille multigénique des PLA2 de venin de vipères. Ces évènements induisent des remaniements génomiques à l’origine d’une perte de variabilité par la perte de gènes complets ou par la formation de pseudogènes ou à l’inverse participent à l’expansion de la famille multigénique dans le génome. Ils permettent aussi de générer des PLA2 hybrides dont les fonctions pourraient être recrutées par l’évolution. La considération de ces remaniements génomiques augmente la complexité de l’étude de cette famille multigénique, car ils constituent une source de variabilité ayant conduit à la fixation de nouveaux isoformes (les AmI1 et I2 par exemple). L’identification des forces évolutives impliquées dans l’évolution des PLA2 et de leurs isoformes est rendue particulièrement délicate en raison de la nécessité de différencier les gènes paralogues des gènes orthologues, surtout lorsque le signal évolutif est brouillé par des remaniements génomiques. 2) Propriétés pharmacologiques de la salive d’Anopheles gambiae et potentiel vectoriel dans le paludisme : Les propriétés pharmacologiques des extraits de glandes salivaires (EGS) d’Anopheles gambiae ont été caractérisées après fractionnement par filtration moléculaire. Ils contiennent un ensemble de composés actifs à plusieurs niveaux de la cascade de la coagulation. Le mélange agit de façon synergique, en induisant un retard du temps de coagulation, qui permet au moustique d’effectuer son repas sanguin. L’étude de ces activités a été menée pour la première fois sur l’ensemble des fractions d’EGS et les résultats nous ont permis de mettre en évidence la très grande complexité d’interaction entre des composés pro et anticoagulants. Les EGS d’Anopheles gambiae contiennent des composés inhibiteurs des « facteurs actifs » tels que : la kallikréine, le FXa, la thrombine la protéine Ca, l’urokinase et la plasmine. Au contraire, les formes inactives des facteurs de la coagulation, les zymogènes tels que le plasminogène ou la prothrombine, sont clivées. L’activité procoagulante résulte de l’inhibition du rétrocontrôle par la protéine Ca. Les extraits de glandes salivaires de moustiques varient dans leur composition selon l'âge du moustique, selon qu'il ait pris un repas sanguin et selon qu’il soit infecté par Plasmodium berghei. Les EGS de moustiques infectés sont caractérisés par une modification de leur composition et de leurs activités pharmacologiques. L’ensemble des résultats tend à montrer que les EGS de moustiques infectés présentent des profils d’activité similaires à ceux des moustiques non gorgés. Quelques modifications observées sur la régulation de la cascade de coagulation assurée par la voie de la protéine Ca et l’absence de l’inhibiteur de thrombine spécifique des moustiques âgés de 21 jours suggèrent que la salive des moustiques infectés est potentiellement moins efficace pour contrer le processus de coagulation de l’hôte. Cette perte d’efficacité pourrait s’accompagner d’une nécessité à piquer plusieurs hôtes, donc d'augmenter le potentiel vectoriel du moustique1) Evolution from European viper venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and venom toxicity: Our study is based on the description of a population of Vipera aspis aspis in the southeast of France, whose venom is unusually neurotoxic. We have undertaken an analysis of the venom PLA2 content of this population at the transcriptome level. Our results have shown that the evolution of the toxicity of the venom results from the simultaneous expression of two neurototoxins encoding genes. , i. E. , ammodytoxin (Atx) and vaspin. Atx has been acquired thanks to gene flew following hybridation and introgression events whereas vaspin results from the expression of two ancestral genes. The venom PLA2 diversity from 9 Vipera subspecies has been analysed in order to define the source of this neurotoxic population. All the variations observed on the PLA2 transcriptome result from regulation of gene expression and loss of gene copies. Our studies underlined the importance of recombination events in the evolution of venom PLA2 multigenic familly. We showed that genomic reorganisation induced a decrease in the PLA2 diversity through loss of complete gene copies or pseudogene formation. Conversely, it also induced an increase in the diversity through crossing over that may participate to the expansion of the multigenic familly. Recombination events also generate hybrid PLA2 from which novel functions may be recruited by evolution. Genomic reorganisation have moreover been observed as source of variability leading to the fixation of novel PLA2 isoforms (i. E. , AmI1 and AmI2). Identification of the driving forces implied in the PLA2 evolution is therefore particularly subtile because of the need to distinguish between orthologous from paralogous genes and especially when genomic reorganisation mix the evolutive signal. 2) Pharmacological properties of Anopheles gambiae saliva ans vectorial potential of malaria. Pharmacological activities of Anopheles gambiae salivary gland extracts (SGE) have been characterized following fractionation of its various components by gel filtration. They contain an arsenal of active compounds on blood coagulation. The mixture acts synergetically inducing delay in the coagulation time. This allows blood feeding of mosquitoes. Pharmacological screenings have been performed on fractionnated SGE. The results made evidence of the complexity of interaction of the procoagulant and anticoagulant compounds. A. Gambiae SGE contain inhibitors of “active factors” such as kallikrein, Fxa, thrombine, protein Ca, urokinase and plasmine. On the opposite, the inactive forms of blood coagulation factors, the corresponding zymogens, ‘i. E. , plasminogen or prothrombin, are clived. We found that procoagulant activity results from the inhibition of retrocontrol pathway mediated by protein Ca, therefore explaining the tendancy to increase fibrinoformation and procoagulant activity. The composition of SGE vary as a function of the age of the mosquitoes, the blood feding and the infection by Plasmodium berghei. SGE from infected mosquitoes differ in their composition and their pharmacological activity. The observed modifications either imply the maintain or the reactivation of some typical activities of non blood-fed mosquitoes SGE. All the results converge in showing the similarity between the SGE patterns of non blood-fed mosquitoes and infected mosquitoes. Some variability has however been observed on the protein Ca regulation pathway and on the absence of thrombin inhibitor, specific to the 21 days old healthy mosquitoes. Thus, the infected mosquito saliva is potentially less efficient to counteract the hemostasis system of the host regulation of the coagulation cascade. This decrease may be coherent with the increase in probing events already mentioned in the litterature
10
Saliger, Ramona [Verfasser], et Klaus-Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Vorlop. « Herstellung von Hydroxymethylfurfural aus Kohlenhydraten / Ramona Saliger ; Betreuer : Klaus-Dieter Vorlop ». Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1175822868/34.
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11
Schelzke, Ricarda Christine Verfasser], Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] [Saliger et Karsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Gaede. « Strafbarkeitsrisiken in kommunalen Spitzenverbänden / Ricarda Christine Schelzke ; Frank Saliger, Karsten Gaede ». Berlin : Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1176807307/34.
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12
Karimi-Jafari, Mehdi. « Comportement transitoire des cavités salines profondes ». Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003162.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette étude est consacrée au comportement transitoire des cavités salines profondes. Dans la littérature, les auteurs se sont surtout intéressés au calcul du comportement des cavités salines sous chargement constant ou cyclique et à l'analyse du comportement d'éprouvettes de laboratoire en régime transitoire. Dans cette étude, on s'intéresse aux conséquences de ce dernier pour le comportement des cavités salines. Ainsi, on montre qu'une cavité est un système complexe, siège d'évolutions mécanique, thermique, chimique et hydraulique. L'importance des évolutions transitoires, notamment le rôle du fluage inverse dans l'interprétation de l'essai d'étanchéité dans une cavité saline, est mis en évidence. On caractérise le fluage par une formulation de la loi de c! omportement qui présente l'avantage, d'un point de vue pratique, de ne comporter qu'un nombre réduit de paramètres tout en rendant compte de l'essentiel de ce qui est observé en place. On discute l'apparition de la rupture en traction effective dans une cavité saline soumise à un accroissement rapide de la pression. On développe également un modèle adapté au comportement à très long terme (après abandon). Là aussi un grand nombre de phénomènes, plus ou moins couplés, interviennent, alors que la littérature existante n'en prenait en général en compte que quelques uns, ce qui pouvait conduire à une interprétation inexacte des résultats d'essais d'abandon effectués in situ.
13
Lau, Anthony Hang Fai. « Finding salient objects in an image ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0031/MQ64233.pdf.
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14
Lau, Anthony Hang Fai 1975. « Finding salient objects in an image ». Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30257.
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Many computer vision applications, such as object recognition, active vision, and content based image retrieval (CBIR) could be made both more efficient and effective if the objects of interest could be segmented from the background. This thesis discusses the development and implementation of a complete unsupervised object-based attention system for locating salient objects in an image.The major components of this system are the segmentation and the attention process. Considerable research has been done in these two areas, but unfortunately, there is still not a single method that can be applied reliably under all situations. We have analysed the attention model proposed by Osberger and have found that their method fails to identify some important regions that are salient to humans. Modifications to this model are proposed to correct some of these problems. For the segmentation process, one important aspect is the measurement of the quality of a particular segmentation, since the attention process depends solely on the segmentation output. In particular, three different cluster validity measures are considered: a simple threshold-based index, a non-parameter index, and the modified Hubert index. From the experimental results, the simple threshold-based index is shown to outperform the other indices on most test images. We believe that the success of the threshold-based index is largely related to the incorporation of human preference in the selection of the threshold parameter.
15
Shao, Ling. « Invariant salient regions based image retrieval ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497094.
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Downing, Johnson Elizabeth. « Salinger and the Phases of War ». VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/233.
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A study of the phases of war present in Salinger's stories - "The Hang of It," "Personal Notes of an Infantryman," "Soft Boiled Sergeant," "Last Day of the Last Furlough," "Once a Week Won't Kill You," A Boy in France," "This Sandwich Has No Mayonnaise," "The Stranger," "A Young Girl in 1941 With No Waist at All," "A Perfect Day for Bananafish," "A Girl I Knew," "Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut," and "For Esme - With Love and Squalor." The role of war in each of these stories follows a cycle that reflects Salinger's own war experience, as well as the very condition of war itself.
17
Bin, Darwish Nawaf Naif. « Boron removal from saline water ». Thesis, Swansea University, 2014. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42237.
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Although boron is an essential micronutrient for some plants, animals and humans, the range between deficiency and excess is narrow. The effects of excess boron on plants includes the reduction of root cell division, retarded shoot and root growth, inhibition of photosynthesis, deposition of lignin and suberin and decrease in leaf chlorophyll. A report by the World Health Organization (WHO) suggests a safe maximum level of boron daily intake of 13 mg/d an excessive level of boron can be toxic to and can causes serious diseases. There are several methods applied for boron removal from aqueous solutions and seawater. Among these methods, ion exchange, which is the most extensively method. Ion-exchange and adsorption are widely used techniques to remove metals and other solutes from aqueous solutions. This includes the removal of boron from reverse osmosis (RO) permeate in the process of seawater desalination. The use of boron-selective ion exchange resins based on macroporous polystyrene matrices with the active group N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMG) seems to still have the highest importance for the elimination of boron. Kinetics of adsorption or IEX is in many cases strongly influenced by diffusion resistance in particles of adsorbent. This resistance can be decreased by using smaller particles. Sorbents can be used as very fine particles which results in increase of the surface area and the process rate, considerably. Hybrid adsorption membrane filtration has gained the interest lately as it can be used for the removal of very small quantities of harmful substances from water. This thesis deals used hybrid system on both lab and pilot scale where a pilot plant was designed for the removal of boron. Boron separation combines two phenomena: i) sorption with fine sorbent particles and ii) membrane separation of B-loaded macromolecules/particles. The hybrid system includes two separation loops. Loop 1: Binding of boron (B) on Amberlite IRA743 resin (S), which is subsequently followed by separation of this (BS) complex from the water by means of semi-permeable microfiltration membrane. Here, pure water (W) is the main product whereas the complex (BS) passes to the second stage of separation. The effects of different parameters on boron removal using Amberlite IRA743 resin were investigated in this thesis. These parameters are, resin particle size, solution pH, temperature, contact time, initial boron concentration, resin concentration and the existence of different salts and ions like NaCl, Na2SO4 and MgCl2. The removal increased with increasing pH, temperature, contact time and resin dosage while it decreased with increasing initial boron concentration and resin particle size. For the microfiltration stage, three Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with different pore size have been used in this thesis. The effects of operational parameters like membrane pore size, transmembrane pressure, resin concentration and pH on permeate flux for hybrid adsorption-microfiltration were studied. The permeate flux increased with increasing the transmembrane pressure and pH but it decreased with increasing the resin concentration. The regeneration of loaded resin with boron was investigated. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at different concentrations have been used for the elution of boron from the saturated resin and then washing with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). There was an improvement in the boron removal after cycles of regeneration. The integrated adsorption-microfiltration was applied for boron removal from water and encouraging results were achieved.
18
Bruce, Kenneth R. « Effects of alcohol on emotionnaly salient memory ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ36961.pdf.
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Roschmann, Regina. « Zuordnungsprozesse bei Fußballzuschauern - Zur Salienz teambezogener Kategorien ». Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-121214.
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Sport im Allgemeinen und Fußball im Besonderen erfreuen sich nicht nur unter aktiven Sportlern, sondern auch unter Zuschauern aktuell hoher Beliebtheit. Angesichts teils enormer Einschaltquoten scheint es wahrscheinlich, dass Fußballspiele nicht nur von Fans der beteiligten Mannschaften verfolgt werden. Dies kann sowohl gänzlich neutrale Zuschauer als auch Anhänger anderer Teams betreffen. Während Fans allerdings durch die Literatur bereits ausführliche Aufmerksamkeit erfahren haben und durch relativ eindeutige und verlässliche Denk- und Verhaltensweisen gekennzeichnet scheinen, bleibt dies für ‚sonstige‘ Zuschauer bisher unbeleuchtet. Aufbauend auf der Theorie der Selbstkategorisierung (Turner et al. 1987) widmet sich die vorliegende Arbeit deshalb – ohne explizite Einschränkung auf Anhänger einer Mannschaft – der Zuordnung von Zuschauern zu den beteiligten Teams eines Fußballspiels und beleuchtet, inwieweit diese teambezogenen Kategorien als Grundlage für das Denken und Handeln herangezogen werden. Hierfür werden theoretische Annahmen über eine Selbstkategorisierung zweiter Ordnung formuliert, welche das Entstehen salienter Selbstkategorien auch ohne das Vorliegen hoher Identifikation mit dem Team erklären. Die durchgeführten empirischen Studien stützen die Annahmen und zeigen, dass auch von Spiel zu Spiel wechselnde Selbstzuordnungen auftreten können.
20
Bruce, Kenneth R. « Effects of alcohol on emotionally salient memory ». Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34509.
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Social drinkers (healthy males aged 18--34) participated in three experiments that examined some of the mechanisms that may be responsible for the effects of alcohol on emotionally charged memory. In a study on incidental learning, alcohol enhanced neutral, positive and negative memory, possibly by a nonselective consolidation mechanism. Alcohol's enhancement of memory was found to not be associated (contingently related) with its incentive reward and relief effects. In another study on intentional learning, alcohol enhanced positive memory and/or inhibited negative memory, possibly reflecting a contingent relationship to its incentive effects. When the role of individual differences was examined, relatively little influence was found in mediating the effects of alcohol on incidental memory. However, alcohol's effect on intentional memory was predicted by individual differences in response to some of alcohol's acute incentive effects. The studies demonstrate that alcohol's effects on memory are independent from, and can be combined with, its incentive effects. Further, consumption of alcohol may be influenced by separate effects on memory and incentive, and by their association.
21
Abu-El-Haija, Wejdan Saleh Jaber. « Transient performance of small salient pole alternators ». Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301750.
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Aranguiz, R. Patricio, C. Heidi Bilbao et F. Antonieta Parra. « J. D. Salinger : his life and works ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2003. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/133437.
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Clément, Jean-Louis. « Monseigneur Saliège, archevêque de Toulouse : 1929-1956 ». Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040076.
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Jules Saliège est connu pour avoir protesté contre la déportation des juifs en 1942. Cet acte trouve son explication dans sa logique pastorale fondée sur une spiritualité qui le conduit à adhérer au projet de christianisation de la société par le moyen de l'Action Catholique. Crée cardinal en 1946,il devint un symbole critiqué du renouveau missionnaire de l'EgliseJules Saliège is known for his protest against the deportation of the Jews in 1942. This act followed from his approach to pastoral work,which was based on a spirituality that led him to support the concept of "christianisation" of society associated with the work of Action Catholique. .
24
Hassan, Samer. « Measuring Semantic Relatedness Using Salient Encyclopedic Concepts ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84212/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
While pragmatics, through its integration of situational awareness and real world relevant knowledge, offers a high level of analysis that is suitable for real interpretation of natural dialogue, semantics, on the other end, represents a lower yet more tractable and affordable linguistic level of analysis using current technologies. Generally, the understanding of semantic meaning in literature has revolved around the famous quote ``You shall know a word by the company it keeps''. In this thesis we investigate the role of context constituents in decoding the semantic meaning of the engulfing context; specifically we probe the role of salient concepts, defined as content-bearing expressions which afford encyclopedic definitions, as a suitable source of semantic clues to an unambiguous interpretation of context. Furthermore, we integrate this world knowledge in building a new and robust unsupervised semantic model and apply it to entail semantic relatedness between textual pairs, whether they are words, sentences or paragraphs. Moreover, we explore the abstraction of semantics across languages and utilize our findings into building a novel multi-lingual semantic relatedness model exploiting information acquired from various languages. We demonstrate the effectiveness and the superiority of our mono-lingual and multi-lingual models through a comprehensive set of evaluations on specialized synthetic datasets for semantic relatedness as well as real world applications such as paraphrase detection and short answer grading. Our work represents a novel approach to integrate world-knowledge into current semantic models and a means to cross the language boundary for a better and more robust semantic relatedness representation, thus opening the door for an improved abstraction of meaning that carries the potential of ultimately imparting understanding of natural language to machines.
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Wang, Qiong. « Salient object detection and segmentation in videos ». Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ISAR0003/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse est centrée sur le problème de la détection d'objets saillants et de leur segmentation dans une vidéo en vue de détecter les objets les plus attractifs ou d'affecter des identités cohérentes d'objets à chaque pixel d'une séquence vidéo. Concernant la détection d'objets saillants dans vidéo, outre une revue des techniques existantes, une nouvelle approche et l'extension d'un modèle sont proposées; de plus une approche est proposée pour la segmentation d'instances d'objets vidéo. Pour la détection d'objets saillants dans une vidéo, nous proposons : (1) une approche traditionnelle pour détecter l'objet saillant dans sa totalité à l'aide de la notion de "bordures virtuelles". Un filtre guidé est appliqué sur la sortie temporelle pour intégrer les informations de bord spatial en vue d'une meilleure détection des bords de l'objet saillants. Une carte globale de saillance spatio-temporelle est obtenue en combinant la carte de saillance spatiale et la carte de saillance temporelle en fonction de l'entropie. (2) Une revue des développements récents des méthodes basées sur l'apprentissage profond est réalisée. Elle inclut les classifications des méthodes de l'état de l'art et de leurs architectures, ainsi qu'une étude expérimentale comparative de leurs performances. (3) Une extension d'un modèle de l'approche traditionnelle proposée en intégrant un procédé de détection d'objet saillant d'image basé sur l'apprentissage profond a permis d'améliorer encore les performances. Pour la segmentation des instances d'objets dans une vidéo, nous proposons une approche d'apprentissage profond dans laquelle le calcul de la confiance de déformation détermine d'abord la confiance de la carte masquée, puis une sélection sémantique est optimisée pour améliorer la carte déformée, où l'objet est réidentifié à l'aide de l'étiquettes sémantique de l'objet cible. Les approches proposées ont été évaluées sur des jeux de données complexes et de grande taille disponibles publiquement et les résultats expérimentaux montrent que les approches proposées sont plus performantes que les méthodes de l'état de l'artThis thesis focuses on the problem of video salient object detection and video object instance segmentation which aim to detect the most attracting objects or assign consistent object IDs to each pixel in a video sequence. One approach, one overview and one extended model are proposed for video salient object detection, and one approach is proposed for video object instance segmentation. For video salient object detection, we propose: (1) one traditional approach to detect the whole salient object via the adjunction of virtual borders. A guided filter is applied on the temporal output to integrate the spatial edge information for a better detection of the salient object edges. A global spatio-temporal saliency map is obtained by combining the spatial saliency map and the temporal saliency map together according to the entropy. (2) An overview of recent developments for deep-learning based methods is provided. It includes the classifications of the state-of-the-art methods and their frameworks, and the experimental comparison of the performances of the state-of-the-art methods. (3) One extended model further improves the performance of the proposed traditional approach by integrating a deep-learning based image salient object detection method For video object instance segmentation, we propose a deep-learning approach in which the warping confidence computation firstly judges the confidence of the mask warped map, then a semantic selection is introduced to optimize the warped map, where the object is re-identified using the semantics labels of the target object. The proposed approaches have been assessed on the published large-scale and challenging datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed approaches outperform the state-of-the-art methods
26
Mercerat, Enrique Diego Bernard Pascal Souley Mountaka. « Sismicité induite et modélisation numérique de l'endommagement dans un contexte salin ». S. l. : INPL, 2007. http://www.scd.inpl-nancy.fr/theses/2007_MERCERAT_E_D.pdf.
Texte intégral
27
Sarraille, Cécile. « Le thermalisme à Salies de Béarn ». Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2P095.
Texte intégral
28
Walworth, James, David M. Kopec, Andrew Pond et Jeff J. Gilbert. « Turfgrass Systems for Saline Irrigation Water ». College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216644.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Seashore Paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) is a warm-season halophyte with excellent salt tolerance after establishment. In areas which require overseeding, there is a need for a cool-season counterpart suitable for over-seeding. The goal of this field research is to evaluate a year-round turfgrass system for saline conditions using perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), alkaligrass (Puccinellia distans), and a combination of perennial ryegrass and Puccinellia as the cool-season grasses. In the summer months, paspalum quality and density were reduced when overseeded with ryegrass or with a combination of puccinellia and ryegrass. Ryegrass quality and density decreased slightly as irrigation water salinity was increased from 0 to 3000 to 6000 mg/L. In addition, the percentage of cover by overseeded ryegrass decreased significantly when 6000 mg/L irrigation water was applied. Puccinellia was much more sensitive to salinity than ryegrass and overall quality, turf density, and percent cover by puccinellia were greatly reduced by addition of salt. However, in the absence of added salt, puccinellia quality, percent cover, density, and color were generally greater than that of ryegrass. The puccinellia/ryegrass overseed mixture generally performed intermediate relative to either grass alone.
29
Madore, Noelle Marie. « Seeing Through the Glass : Psychoanalysis and J.D. Salinger ». Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1253044286.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A.)--Cleveland State University, 2009.Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Sept. 28, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-65). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center and also available in print.
30
Luzeux, Mylène. « Intérêts et limites de la recherche des paramètres biologiques dans la salive ». Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2P018.
Texte intégral
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Chung, Kwok-wai Michael. « Zen Buddhism in selected works of J.D. Salinger ». Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31577593.
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Chung, Kwok-wai Michael, et 鍾國偉. « Zen Buddhism in selected works of J.D. Salinger ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31577593.
Texte intégral
33
Bryson, Geraldine Mary. « Computer aided design of small salient pole alternators ». Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287295.
Texte intégral
34
Kang, Joseph H. (Joseph Hyuk-Joon). « Generating salient skills using block-based motion estimation ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11463.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1995.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-58).
by Joseph H. Kang.
M.Eng.
35
Ben, Arfa Inès. « L'ambivalence de la représentation chez J. D. Salinger ». Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030111.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette étude explore les formes de la représentation de la réalité dans les œuvres de J. D. Salinger. Le texte emprunte les caractéristiques de la composition dramaturgique et cinématographique, tout en restant littéraire. Ces expressions artistiques prennent aussi l'écrivain pour sujet. La deuxième partie étudie les aspirations à la pérennité de l'œuvre qui devient picturale et défie le temps par son aspect cyclique. La troisième partie aborde les thèmes de l'opposition, de la contradiction et de la dualité, dans le fond et dans la forme. La quatrième partie est consacrée aux configurations de l'imposture et du mensonge. La dernière partie porte sur le signe persistant dans le texte : la trace écrite (lettres, journaux intimes, citations et inscription) ou perceptible (objets, empreintes, présences)This thesis investigates the forms of representation in the fiction of J. D. Salinger. The text takes the shape of drama plays and movie scripts without losing its fictional characteristics. These artistic expressions also have J. D. Salinger as a topic. The second part studies the yearnings for everlastingness through recurrent art and fiction. The third part introduces themes such as binary oppositions and contradictory statements. The fourth part deals with deceit and fraudulence. And the final part is on the persisting sign in the text: the written mark (letters, diaries, quotations and inscriptions) and the perceptible trace (objects, fingerprints, presence)
36
Joó, Andras Matyas. « Towards identifying salient patterns in genetic programming individuals ». Thesis, Aston University, 2010. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/13364/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis addresses the problem of offline identification of salient patterns in genetic programming individuals. It discusses the main issues related to automatic pattern identification systems, namely that these (a) should help in understanding the final solutions of the evolutionary run, (b) should give insight into the course of evolution and (c) should be helpful in optimizing future runs. Moreover, it proposes an algorithm, Extended Pattern Growing Algorithm ([E]PGA) to extract, filter and sort the identified patterns so that these fulfill as many as possible of the following criteria: (a) they are representative for the evolutionary run and/or search space, (b) they are human-friendly and (c) their numbers are within reasonable limits. The results are demonstrated on six problems from different domains.
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Sumner, Aaran. « New production methods for salient pole rotor manufacture ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51865/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The current design for a salient pole rotor consists of hundreds of laminations joined together to form a core pack, which is then pressed onto shaft. This thesis examines the possibility of using a solid cast rotor to reduce the complexity of rotor construction. To produce a solid salient pole rotor that has the capability to match the performance of the current lamination based rotor three fundamental areas which affect rotor performance were investigated. They are: • The magnetic performance of cast steel and a lower saturation Fe-Ni alloy for the magnetic shielding of pole faces. • The comparison of the performance of a solid steel rotor verses the lamination based rotor. • The use of laser cladding to produce a soft magnetic coating to prevent eddy currents from being induced into the rotor. Samples of cast steel were tested after various heat treatments were applied and their DC B-H curves were measured. The samples were examined, via optical microscopy, to determine the effect of heat treatments on their microstructure. The changes in their B-H curves and permeability were linked to the changes in microstructure by examination of the optical images. A prototype of a solid rotor was produced to determine its performance compared with the lamination based rotor. The prototype rotor was produced with a Fe-Ni alloy on the rotor pole faces. The prototype rotor was found to require an average of 72% more power in the field windings to match the performance of the lamination based rotor. This was true until the generator’s output reached 72kW when the Fe-Ni alloy on the rotor pole faces saturated, resulting in the air gap between the rotor and stator increasing from 2mm to 34.5mm. After the increase in air gap the prototype rotor required an average of 188% more power to match the lamination based rotor. The point at which the Fe-Ni alloy saturates is critical, as once saturated the power in the field windings must increase sharply to bridge the larger air gap. From this work it is clear that a cast steel with a better magnetic performance is required and that the point at which the lower saturation material on the pole shoes saturates needs to more closely match the normal operating power of the generator. Laser cladding was used to produce a coating that can be applied to the pole faces, with a sufficient thickness to allow a controllable increase in the air gap between the rotor and the stator at predetermined field strengths. The use of laser cladding in this way enables the pole face to act as a magnetic shield stopping heating in the rotor due to induced eddy currents. The use of annealing in both inert and reactive atmospheres was examined to determine their effect on the DC magnetic properties of the deposited coating. Annealing in an inert atmosphere of argon was found to improve the saturation magnetisation of the coating 30% better than annealing in a reactive hydrogen atmosphere.
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NICORA, ELENA. « Efficient Projections for Salient Motion Detection and Representation ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1091835.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Motion perception is one of the first abilities developed by our cognitive sys-
tems. Since the earliest days of life, we are inclined to focus our attention
on moving objects in order to gather information about what is happening
around us, without having to actually process all the visual stimuli captured
by our eyes. This ability is related to the notion of Visual Saliency. It is based
on the concept of finding areas of the scene significantly different from the sur-
roundings and it helps both biological and computational systems reducing
the amount of incoming information, otherwise extremely expensive even to
parallel process.
Measuring and understanding motion in the last decades has gained an in-
creasing importance in several Artificial Intelligence applications. In Computer
Vision, the general problem of motion understanding is often broken down into
several tasks, each specialized on a different motion-oriented goal.
In the recent years Deep Learning solutions established a sort of monopoly,
especially in image and video processing, reaching outstanding results for the
task of interest but providing poor generalization and interpretation ability.
Furthermore these methods come with major drawbacks in what concerns
time and computational complexity, requiring huge amount of data to learn
from. Hence their use might not be suited for all the approachable tasks, in
particular when we have to deal with pipelines composed by various steps.
Robotics, assisted living and video-surveillance are just some examples of ap-
plication domains in the need of alternative algorithmic solutions promoting
portability, real-time computations and the use of limited quantities of data.
The aim of this thesis is to study approaches to couple effectiveness and ef-
ficiency, ultimately promoting the overall sustainability.
In this direction we investigate the potential of a family of efficient filters, the
Gray-Code Kernels, for addressing Visual Saliency estimation with a focus on
motion information.
Our implementation relies on the use of 3D kernels applied to overlapping
blocks of frames and is able to gather meaningful spatio-temporal informa-
tion with a very light computation. Through a single set of extracted features
we manage to tackle three different motion-oriented goals: motion saliency
detection, video object segmentation and motion representation. Additionally,
the three intermediate results are exploited to address the problem of Human
Action Recognition.
To summarise, this thesis focuses on:
• The efficient computation of a set of features highlighting spatio-temporal
information
• The design of global representations able to compactly describe motion
cues
• The development of a framework that addresses increasingly higher-level
tasks of motion understanding
The developed framework has been tested on two well-known Computer Vis-
ion tasks: Video Object Segmentation and Action Classification. We compared
the motion detection and segmentation abilities of our method with classical
approaches of similar complexity.
In the experimental analysis we evaluate our method on publicly available
datasets and show that it is able to effectively and efficiently identify the
portion of the image where the motion is occurring, providing tolerance to
a variety of scene conditions and complexities. We propose a comparison
with classical methods for change detection, outperforming Optical Flow and
Background Subtraction algorithms. By adding appearance information to our
motion-based segmentation we manage to reach, under appropriate condi-
tions, comparable results to more complex state-of-the-art approaches.
Lastly, we tested the motion representation ability of our method by employ-
ing it in traditional and Deep Learning action recognition scenarios.
39
Frick, Stefan Verfasser], Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] [Saliger et Karsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Gaede. « Die Fiskalisierung des Strafverfahrens : Monetäre Sanktionen im Strafrecht / Stefan Frick ; Frank Saliger, Karsten Gaede ». Berlin : Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1176807102/34.
Texte intégral
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Khwaja, Kosar A. « Immunomodulation of activated polymorphonuclear neutrophils following hypertonic saline, ringer's lactate, and normal saline infusion in healthy human volunteers ». Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80302.
Texte intégralRésumé :
PMNs are implicated in the pathogenesis of tissue injury prompted by systemic inflammation leading to MODS. In animals, HTS can modulate PMN response to inflammatory stimulus. We hypothesized that compared to RL, HTS infusion in humans reduces PMN oxidative burst and alters adhesion molecule expression. Volunteers received infusions of HTS, RL or NS. PMN oxidative burst and surface adhesion molecules were measured before and after in-vitro stimulation with PMA(0.02ug) and LPS(1ng) respectively. Compared to pre-infusion, in-vitro stimulation with PMA resulted in significant reduction in PMN oxidative burst in humans having received HTS but not RL or NS. The HTS group also demonstrated attenuation in CD11b upregulation and L-selectin reduction. HTS infusion in humans reduces oxidative burst and alters adhesion molecule expression of activated neutrophils. These findings suggest that HTS infusion can modulate the inflammatory response of the neutrophil in humans, which may be beneficial following tissue injury in resuscitated patients.
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Biazzon, João Carlos. « Influência da velocidade de avanço no aplainamento da madeira sobre o desempenho de colagem com adesivos à base de poliacetato de vinila / ». Bauru, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/146722.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: Ivaldo De Domenico ValarelliCoorientador: Marcos Tadeu Tibúrcio Gonçalves
Banca: Reinaldo Sebastião Silva
Banca: Paulo Roberto Gomes Alves
Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo, verificar o desempenho de juntas coladas em função da qualidade das superfícies da madeira usinadas em operações de fresamento cilíndrico tangencial para diferentes velocidades de avanço, empregando-se quatro tipos de adesivos à base de Poliacetato de Vinila (PVAc) denominados como C1, C2, C3 e C4 e madeira da espécie Eucalyptus saligna. Para tanto, foram confeccionadas amostras para ensaios normatizados pela Norma ABNT - NBR 7190:1997, submetidas a testes de resistência à ruptura na linha de cola por esforços de cisalhamento. Na união das peças de madeira para confecção das amostras, essas foram coladas em planos aleatórios em relação aos anéis de crescimento da madeira. As amostras foram usinadas empregando-se as velocidades de avanço V1= 6,0; V2 = 11,0; V3 = 16,0 e V4 = 21,0 m.min-1, correspondendo, respectivamente aos avanços por dente "fz": 0,25 mm; 0,45 mm; 0,66 mm e 0,87 mm. Pôde-se verificar um melhor desempenho para uso do adesivo "C4" e melhor superfície de adesão para a velocidade de avanço V1 = 6,0 m.min-1. Dos resultados podem-se destacar o melhor desempenho empregando-se o adesivo C4, e o pior desempenho o adesivo C2 para todas as velocidades de avanço testadas.
Abstract: The present work aimed at verifying the performance of bonded joints in function to the quality to the wood surfaces machine tangential cylindrical milling operations to different advance speeds, using four types of adhesives based on vinyl polyacetate (PVAc) denominated as C1, C2, C3 and C4 and Wood species Eucalyptus saligna. For this, samples were prepared for standardized tests by ABNT - NBR 7190:1997, subjected to tensile strength tests on the glue line shear efforts. In the union of pieces of wood for making the samples, these were gluded on random plans in relation to the wood growth rings. The samples machined using the advance speed V1=6,0; V2=11,0; V3=16.0 and V4=21.0 m. min-1, corresponding respectively to advances by tooth "fz": 0,25 mm; 0,66mm and 0.87 mm. It was verified better performance for adhesive use "C4" and better adhesion surface for the advance speed V1 6.0 m.min -1. From the results, it can be highlighted the best performance using the C4 adhesive, and the worst performance C2 adhesive for all tested advance speeds
Mestre
42
Howard, Delwyn M. « The value of Acacia saligna as a source of fodder for ruminants ». Thesis, Curtin University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/914.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Three pen trials were conducted to evaluate the value of A. saligna as a source of feed for ruminants. In Trial 1 A. saligna was inadequate as the sole source of nutrients for sheep. Furthermore, the level of detannification achieved in Trial 1, with the addition of PEG 4000 or PEG 6000, failed to improve the diet sufficiently. The antinutritional effects on the animals were largely attributed to the excessive biological activity of the phenolics in the A. saligna leaves. Feeding of these leaves, without PEG, had a definite defaunating effect on the ruminal fluid. The ruminal ammonia levels were all well below the threshold for maximal microbial growth. Given the results of Trial 1, the second trial was undertaken to determine if A. saligna was more useful as a supplement rather than a basal diet. The benefits of including A. saligna as a supplement to a basal diet of lupins and wheat straw were not clear. The benefits of including a detannification agent with the A. saligna were also not evident. Ruminal ammonia levels were much higher than in Trial 1 and animals generally maintained weight. Trial 2 revealed that the sheep were capable of consuming significantly more A. saligna than they did in Trial 1, but it was not clear whether this was due to the basal diet providing adequate nutrients or if it was due to differences in the A. saligna fed in the respective trials. Total phenolics, CT and PPC were considerably lower than those of Trial 1. Trial 3 was designed to investigate the use of A. saligna as the basal source of nutrients, with or without a supplement of N in the form of urea or PEG. Total phenolics, CT and PPC were lower than those of Trial 1, but higher than those of Trial 2. Animals consumed more A. saligna than in Trial 2 and generally maintained weight.The results from Trial 3 suggest that A. saligna could be a useful feed source for ruminants. The substitution of straw with A. saligna indicates that its incorporation into a grazing system could significantly decrease grazing pressure on dry summer pastures. In Trial 3 goats were not shown to have a superior ability than sheep in utilising A. saligna as a source of nutrients.
43
Kustu, M. Deniz. « Optimal Storage Of Freshwater In Saline Aquifers ». Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606200/index.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Storage of freshwater in saline aquifers has a strategic importance in water deficit countries. The freshwater stored in these aquifers may be the only source of water available during times of crisis. Coupled simulation and optimization type groundwater management models have been developed that will achieve the optimal control of the storage of freshwater in a stagnant manner for constant density and variable density flows in hypothetical single- and multi-layered saline aquifers.
The study is carried out in two stages. In the first stage, a transient model of five years is simulated that allows sufficient time for the freshwater mound to be created. In the second stage, an optimization model is formulated which minimizes the pumping/injection rates of a set of hydraulic gradient control wells subject to a set of constraints consisting of systems response equations, demand requirements, hydraulic gradient controls, pumping and injection limitations. The optimization models select which wells to be pumped and which ones to be injected and decide on their pumping/injection schedules to maintain the freshwater mound from migration. The results of the optimization models showed that the mound is successfully contained in its original location by controlling the hydraulic gradient via pumping/injection wells.
44
Whitaker, Susan. « Dynamics of peptide capsules in saline solutions ». Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38546.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Master of ScienceBiochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Interdepartmental Program
John M. Tomich
Nanocapsules have become more popular as potential therapeutic agents in recent years. Though liposomes are the most popular and well-studied, nanocapsules made of peptides have their distinct advantages as the research behind them intensifies. Branched Amphiphilic Peptide Capsules (BAPCs) are a type of self-assembling nanocapsules that are made up of two similar branched, amphiphilic, chemically synthesized peptides. These peptides self-assemble into bilayer delimited capsules capable of encapsulating solutes and even small proteins in aqueous solution. Previous studies have shown that these nanocapsules are taken up by cells in culture without negative effects and can be given to an organism, distributed throughout the organism without cytotoxic effects, suggesting a possible future as a therapeutic nanoparticle. For use as a therapeutic system, the understanding of how these BAPCs behave in the presence of sodium and chloride, two very common biological ions, must be understood and characterized. Previously published work showed that the BAPC bilayer is semipermeable and excludes sodium and chloride ions. Current research has expanded on this. Besides being semipermeable, this bilayer is also a dynamic membrane that has the ability to expand and contract due to osmotic pressure from ions in solution. Eosin Y, an autoquenching dye, has been used for many of the studies to monitor the behavior and the amount of water within the BAPCs. Having insight into how the BAPCs change under physiological conditions is necessary if these nanoparticles are to be used in a clinical setting and may open doors to new uses.
45
Hoyningen, Huene Bernhard von. « Subirrigation of maize using saline-sodic water ». Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41782.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A field subirrigation experiment, using saline-sodic water, was carried out on a loamy sand soil in southwestern Quebec. The experimental field was divided into 16 plots with 4 treatments; saline-sodic water, "fresh" water, controlled drainage and non-irrigated. Each treatment had four replicates. Maize yield, hydraulic conductivity, salt concentration, and salt movement through the soil were recorded in all plots.No significant difference in maize yield occurred between plots irrigated with saline-sodic or fresh water in any of the three years. Irrigated maize plots yielded approximately 30% more than non-irrigated plots.
Hydraulic conductivity reductions in the saline plots were noted in May 1986, after the first snowmelt. From statistical analysis carried out, it appears that the saline-sodic water had an effect on hydraulic conductivity, significant at the 0.05 level.
From the measurements taken from piezometer stations, located throughout the field, salt concentrations and salt movement through the saturated soil profile were determined. Using salt concentration data from both irrigation water and soil water, an average effective field porosity was calculated with a computer program. The results obtained were within 4% of those obtained in laboratory tests. Moreover, the program was then used to model the salt balance of the soil from May 85 to May 87. Results indicated that most salts were removed with the rainfall and snowmelt of the winter months of 85/86 and 86/87.
46
Chen, Yiming. « Aquifer storage and recovery in saline aquifers ». Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52266.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is a particular scheme of artificial recharge of groundwater by injecting fresh water into aquifers and subsequently recovering the stored water during times of peak demand or extended drought. In the era of combating climate change, ASR, as an effective means for water reuse and sustainable management of water resources in concert with the natural environment, represents a huge opportunity for climate change adaptation to mitigate water availability stress.The success of an ASR scheme is quantified by the recovery efficiency (RE), defined as the volume of stored water that can be recovered for supply purposes divided by the total volume injected. It is not uncommon that RE may be significantly lower than 100% because of the water quality changes as a consequence of the mixing between the injected water and native groundwater and the interaction between injected water and soil. Thus, the key of a successful ASR scheme is (1) to select appropriate aquifers and (2) to design optimal operational processes to build up a bubble of injected water with minimized negative impact from such mixing and interaction.
To achieve this, this thesis develops an integrated knowledge base with sound interdisciplinary science and understanding of the mixing processes under operational ASR management in aquifers with various hydrogeological conditions. Analytical and numerical modeling are conducted to improve the scientific understanding of mixing processes involved in ASR schemes and to provide specific technical guidance for improving ASR efficiency under complex hydrogeological conditions. (1) An efficient approach is developed to analytically evaluate solute transport in a horizontal radial flow field with a multistep pumping and examine the ASR performance in homogeneous, isotropic aquifer with advective and dispersive transport processes. (2) Numerical and analytical studies are conducted to investigate the efficiency of an ASR system in dual-domain aquifers with mass transfer limitations under various hydrogeological and operational conditions. Simple and effective relationships between transport parameters and ASR operational parameters are derived to quantify the effectiveness and ascertain the potential of ASR systems with mass transfer limitations.(3) Effects of hydrogeological and operational parameters on ASR efficiency are assessed in homogeneous/stratified, isotropic/anisotropic coastal aquifers. Effects of transverse dispersion are particularly investigated in such aquifers.(4) Finally, we test and study an innovative ASR scheme for improving the RE in brackish aquifers: injection through a fully-penetrated well and recovery through a partially-penetrated well.
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Gunderson, Christopher R. « Saline impact on the California current system ». Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27247.
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Wose, A. E. « Saline intrusion and sedimentation in sea outfalls ». Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241444.
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Goldthorpe, Kathryn. « Stability of cementitious materials in saline environments ». Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361798.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The complexity of cementitious matrices and their application in the immobilisation of radioactive waste has led to detailed examination of their ability to condition permeating water to high pH by both experimental and thermodynamic studies. This thesis considers the stability and solubility of pure hydrate phases: Ca(OH)2; CaO-SiO2-H2O gel, Ca:Si = 0.85, 1.1, 1.4, 1.8; 3CaO.Al2O3.6HzO; 3CaO.Al2O3.CaSO4.12H2O and 3CaO.Al2O3.3CaSO4.32H2O, and the phase formation and stability within CaO-SiO2-CaCO3-H2O and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O compositions aged in saline solutions, up to 1.5M NaCl and 0.05M MgSo4, at 25°, 55° and 85°C. The two main high pH conditioning phases of cementitious systems are Ca(OH)2 and C-S-H gel. Sodium chloride enhances the solubility of Ca(OH)2 and causes a slight reduction in the Ca:Si ratio of C-S-H gels by the progressive leaching of calcium. Silicate polymerisation within C-S-H phases is inhibited by sodium chloride though it is uncertain how this alters the crystallisation kinetics. The pH buffering capacity is maintained when aged in sodium chloride concentrations 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5M at 25°, 55° and 85°C. The stability of calcium sulfoaluminate aged in sodium chloride is greater than of 3CaO.Al2O3.6H2O, which is unstable with respect to 3CaO.Al2O3.CaCl2.10H2O in NaCl < 0.5M. These phases undergo a progressive phase change to the 3CaO.Al2O3.0.5CaSO4.0.5CaCl2.10-12H2O and 3CaO.Al2O3.CaCl2.10H2O at increasing aqueous Cl:SO4 ratios. The formation of a limited solid solution region within 3CaO.Al2O3.xCaSO4.l-xCaCl2.yH2O: 0.00 ≤ SO4:Cl ≤ 0.06, was characterised. In magnesium sulfate, 5 - 50m.mol/l, calcium within hydrate phases is progressively replaced by magnesium with formation of Mg(OH)2, MgO-SiO2-H2O gel, 4MgO.Al2O3.xH2O and gypsum. The pH conditioned by the resultant solid assembly decreases to less than that desirable for containment of radioactive waste, to < 9. Consideration of the phase formation and persistence within the CaO-SiO2-CaCO3-H2O and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O systems was examined in solutions containing both sodium chloride and magnesium sulfate. The chemical interactions observed were dominated by the replacement of calcium by magnesium within the solid phases with the formation and persistence of mixtures of Mg(OH)2, MgO-SiO2-H2O gel and gypsum. At low Mg:Ca-CO3 ratios the persistent stability of gehlenite hydrate at 25°C was observed in appropriate samples. The chemistry of the aqueous phase is dependent on the Mg:Ca-CaCO3 ratio as well as the Ca:Si ratio. At high Mg:Ca-CaCO3 ratios the high pH conditioning properties are destroyed and buffering occurs at a value below pH 9.
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Mohd, Amin Sharidah. « Geochemical modelling of CO2 in saline aquifers ». Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24136.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Carbon dioxide, CO2, disposal into saline aquifers could reduce emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. To ensure that the CO2 is trapped securely and will not escape to the surface, storage in such formations must be designed carefully. The geochemical reactions involved depend on the composition of the injected fluid introduced in the aquifer and the composition of the initial minerals assemblage and the aquifer brine. This thesis studies mineral dissolution/precipitation during CO2 storage, both in the cap rock and the storage aquifer itself. The overall objective is to propose an ideal storage design for long term, inexpensive and safe CO2 disposal in saline aquifers. The rate-limiting effects of CH4 impurities in gas streams on the CO2 reactivity in the cap rock and aquifer (carbonate and sandstone) at conditions representative of storage locations are studied. Representative geochemical data of formation water and mineralogy assemblages of cap rock (Nordland shale) overlying the Sleipner field, Dogger carbonate aquifer from Paris basin, France and Frio sandstone aquifer from Texas, US, are used. Kinetic batch and one-dimensional and two-dimensional reactive transport models are run to predict mineral alteration induced in the cap rock and in the aquifer. Cap rock models are run using PHREEQC for 10,000 years. The model considers both pure CO2 and mixtures of CO2 with CH4 (1-4 (w/w)%) in the injected gas stream. The simulations demonstrate that mixtures of CO2 with CH4 suppress the porosity increase in the cap rock, leading to more secure storage. The aquifers models incorporate 1 (w/w)% organic matter and are run using TOUGHREACT. CO2 was initially injected at constant rate of 30kg/s for 25 years and the models were subsequently run for 10,000 years to study long-term storage. The simulations demonstrate that injection of CO2 in microbial-mediated aquifers enhances the precipitation of secondary carbonates minerals and decreases the porosity of both sandstone and carbonate aquifers. Overall, this study proposes two main design criteria for safe and cost-effective CO2 storage: CO2 injection with CH4 (1-4 (w/w)%) and CO2 injection into microbial-mediated aquifers to enhance mineral precipitation, rendering storage secure.