Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Saccharomyces cerevisiae, healthy aging »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Saccharomyces cerevisiae, healthy aging"
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Su, Wei-Hsuan, Omar Ocegueda, Catherine Choi, Jessica Smith, Kelsey Lee, Yihan Wan, Jacqueline Yao et Sam Schriner. « SPERMIDINE TOXICITY IN MITOCHONDRIAL DNA-DEFICIENT SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE ». Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (1 novembre 2022) : 444–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1740.
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Abstract Mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to play a significant role in aging and in manyhuman diseases. Over the last 20 years or so, a number of drugs have been found toextend lifespan in model organisms. Using ethidium bromide to deplete the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae of its mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), we evaluated thedependence on functional mitochondrial in the action of five of these lifespan-extending compounds; dinitrophenol, metformin, rapamycin, resveratrol, andspermidine. None of them extended lifespan in mtDNA-deficient cells, demonstratinga requirement for functional mitochondria in their action. However, we found thatspermidine significantly shortened lifespan in these cells, decreasing the medianlifespan from 6 days to 4 days. Despite this, spermidine, nor any of the othercompounds tested, had any effect of growth rates in mtDNA-deficient cells.Spermidine is thought to extend lifespan through the induction of autophagy. Wepredict that spermidine shortened lifespan in mtDNA-deficient cells through anincreased need for ATP, for which these cells were not able to provide. Given thatmitochondrial dysfunction might be a common feature of aging and disease, ourresults suggest that if spermidine were used as an anti-aging treatment in humans, itmay be harmful.
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Wang, Shaoyu. « Leveraging budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for discovering aging modulation substances for functional food ». Functional Foods in Health and Disease 9, no 5 (30 mai 2019) : 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v9i5.575.
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Background: Discovery of bioactive substances contained in functional food and the mechanism of their aging modulation are imperative steps in developing better, potent and safer functional food for promoting health and compression of morbidity in the aging population. Budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is invaluable model organism for aging modulation and bioactive compounds discovery. In this paper we have conceptualised a framework for achieving such aim. This framework consists of four components: discovering targets for aging modulation, discovering and validating caloric restriction mimetics, acting as cellular systems for screening natural products or compounds for aging modulation and being a biological factory for producing bioactive compounds according to the roles the yeast systems play. It have been argued that the component of being a biological factory for producing bioactive compounds has much underexplored which also present an opportunity for new active substance discovery and validation for health promotion in functional food industry.Keywords: Aging modulation, budding yeast, functional food, bioactive substances, cell factory
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Stępień, Karolina, Dominik Wojdyła, Katarzyna Nowak et Mateusz Mołoń. « Impact of curcumin on replicative and chronological aging in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast ». Biogerontology 21, no 1 (28 octobre 2019) : 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10522-019-09846-x.
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Abstract Curcumin is a biologically active compound of vegetable origin which has a hormetic effect. Pro-health and anti-aging properties of curcumin have been known for years. The main benefit of curcumin is thought to be its anti-oxidative action. Despite vast amount of data confirming age-delaying activity of curcumin in various groups of organisms, so far little has been discovered about curcumin’s impact on cell aging in the experimental model of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae budding yeast. We have been able to demonstrate that curcumin significantly increases oxidative stress and accelerates replicative and chronological aging of yeast cells devoid of anti-oxidative protection (with SOD1 and SOD2 gene deletion) and deprived of DNA repair mechanisms (RAD52). Interestingly, curcumin delays aging, probably through hormesis, of the wild-type strain BY4741.
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Ogita, Akira, Wakae Murata, Marina Hasegawa, Ken Yamauchi, Akiko Sakai, Yoshihiro Yamaguchi, Toshio Tanaka et Ken-ichi Fujita. « PROLONGATION OF HUMAN LIFESPAN BY IMMATURE PEAR EXTRACT MEDIATED SIRTUIN-RELATED GENE EXPRESSION ». Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (novembre 2019) : S97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.365.
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Abstract Demographics of the world are changing rapidly with older populations growing at an unprecedented rate. Cellular senescence, a decline of cellular function due to aging, causes gradual loss of physiological functions. Several cellular senescence-related chronic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, and hypertension, negatively affect the quality of human life. Intervention in the cellular senescence process may reduce these incidences and slow the progression of age-related diseases, while contributing to the longevity of healthy human lifespans. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the budding yeast, is a simple model system that can provide significant insights into the human genetics and molecular biology of senescence and is considered suitable as a cellular model for research on mammalian cells. The aim of our study was to investigate the anti-aging effects of immature pear fruit extract (IPE) on yeast cells and its possible application to extend healthy lifespan in humans. Anti-aging effects of IPE were investigated using a chronological lifespan assay on S. cerevisiae cells. The chronological lifespan of the yeast treated with IPE at 1% (v/v) was significantly extended than that of untreated cells (p < 0.05). The expression of sirtuin-related genes, which regulate cellular senescence, was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and found to be significantly increased following IPE treatment. These results suggest that sirtuin-related genes have important roles in IPE-regulated lifespan extension, which provides a mechanism by which IPE could affect mammalian cells and potentially extend healthy human lifespans.
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Kitanovic, Ana, et Stefan Wölfl. « Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase mediates cellular responses to DNA damage and aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 594, no 1-2 (février 2006) : 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2005.08.005.
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Romano, Patrizia, Giacomo Braschi, Gabriella Siesto, Francesca Patrignani et Rosalba Lanciotti. « Role of Yeasts on the Sensory Component of Wines ». Foods 11, no 13 (28 juin 2022) : 1921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11131921.
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The aromatic complexity of a wine is mainly influenced by the interaction between grapes and fermentation agents. This interaction is very complex and affected by numerous factors, such as cultivars, degree of grape ripeness, climate, mashing techniques, must chemical–physical characteristics, yeasts used in the fermentation process and their interactions with the grape endogenous microbiota, process parameters (including new non-thermal technologies), malolactic fermentation (when desired), and phenomena occurring during aging. However, the role of yeasts in the formation of aroma compounds has been universally recognized. In fact, yeasts (as starters or naturally occurring microbiota) can contribute both with the formation of compounds deriving from the primary metabolism, with the synthesis of specific metabolites, and with the modification of molecules present in the must. Among secondary metabolites, key roles are recognized for esters, higher alcohols, volatile phenols, sulfur molecules, and carbonyl compounds. Moreover, some specific enzymatic activities of yeasts, linked above all to non-Saccharomyces species, can contribute to increasing the sensory profile of the wine thanks to the release of volatile terpenes or other molecules. Therefore, this review will highlight the main aroma compounds produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other yeasts of oenological interest in relation to process conditions, new non-thermal technologies, and microbial interactions.
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Liu, Gang, Lei Yu, Yordan Martínez, Wenkai Ren, Hengjia Ni, Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan et Yulong Yin. « Dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cell Wall Extract Supplementation Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Modulates Serum Amino Acids Profiles in Weaned Piglets ». Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3967439.
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This research aims to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall extract (SCCWE) on growth performance, oxidative stress, intestinal morphology, and serum amino acid concentration in weaned piglets. Utilizing a completely randomized design, 40 healthy piglets weaned at 21 d were grouped into 4 experimental treatments with 10 pigs per treatment group. Treatments consisted of a basal diet (T0), a basal diet with a 0.05% SCCWE (T1), a basal diet with a 0.10% SCCWE (T2), and a basal diet with a 0.15% SCCWE (T3). SCCWE supplementation increased the average daily gain and final body weight compared with T0 (P<0.05). SCCWE in T2 and T3 improved the average daily feed intake and decreased the feed/gain ratio compared with T1 and T2 (P<0.05). SCCWE decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly compared to T0 (P<0.05). SCCWE increased the concentration of Ile compared to T0 (P<0.05). Moreover, the concentrations of Leu, Phe, and Arg were higher in T2 and T3 (P<0.05). These findings indicate beneficial effects of SCCWE supplementation on growth performance, the concentration of some essential amino acids, and alleviation of oxidative stress in weaned piglets.
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Silva, Rayssa H. da, Renata F. Barabasz, Monica C. Sustakowski, Odair J. Kuhn, Jeferson C. Carvalho, Willian dos Reis, José R. Stangarlin et Vinícius H. D. de Oliveira. « Microbiolization of Seeds and Aerial Application With Yeasts for Disease Control in Wheat ». Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no 10 (15 septembre 2020) : 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n10p307.
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Wheat productivity is compromised by the number of diseases that affect it. The diseases control is basically effected by the use of fungicides, however, biological control has become important due especially to the demand for foods free of chemical compounds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of yeasts in reducing diseases through the treatment of wheat seeds and the spraying of plants in the field. The tests were carried out in the field and laboratory, with the yeasts Candida albicans, Cryptococcus laurentii, Pichia guilliermondii, Rhodotorula glutinis, Zygoascus hellenicus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared with fungicide (carbendazim) and control with water. In the laboratory, seed health, germination, germination speed index, cold test and accelerated aging were analyzed. In the field, seed treatment and aerial application were carried out when the flag leaf was emitted and the occurrence of diseases, chlorophyll content, production components, productivity and production quality was evaluated. For the variables of production and quality of the wheat in field, the yeast Z. hellenicus was efficient for productivity resembling the fungicide. For the severity of diseases in field, parameters related to germination and seed health, yeasts were not efficient.
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Harris, Rachel E., et Troy A. A. Harkness. « Abstract B024 : Increasing cellular longevity in budding yeast by activating the Anaphase Promoting Complex ». Cancer Research 83, no 2_Supplement_1 (15 janvier 2023) : B024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.agca22-b024.
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Abstract The Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC), a large and highly conserved ubiquitin ligase, is involved in genome stability, resistance to cancer progression, and has an important role in promoting health and lifespan. While best known for its function during the events of the cell cycle, the APC also has important roles outside of mitosis in aging cells. Understanding changes in function of the APC, and how these changes can be optimized, may increase our knowledge of cellular longevity and how it can be enhanced. We hypothesize that the APC loses function with age, and that the introduction of biological activators may aid to rescue these effects, improving the overall health of the cell to extend longevity. The abundance of orthologous genes and pathways between eukaryotes, complemented by the relative ease of genetic manipulation, allows for rapid advancement of research by deciphering gene functions in a yeast model to predict human disease and aging. By extension, increasing cell health in multicellular organisms will ultimately enhance the health of the entire organism. A dual screen was performed in the Harkness Lab on a library of short, random peptides to identify those which reproducibly interact with APC subunits, with particular interest on those which have an affect on function. Current research has found that several of these peptides are effective at extending cellular lifespan and suppressing APC mutant phenotypes, providing a novel means of exploring APC function in aging cells. Utilizing this direct biological activation of the APC, in addition to commercially available activators that function indirectly, I aim to identify potential therapeutic agents that can increase APC activity and extend lifespan utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism. Citation Format: Rachel E. Harris, Troy A. A. Harkness. Increasing cellular longevity in budding yeast by activating the Anaphase Promoting Complex [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Aging and Cancer; 2022 Nov 17-20; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;83(2 Suppl_1):Abstract nr B024.
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Al Bataineh, Mohammad Tahseen, Ayman Alzaatreh, Rima Hajjo, Bayan Hassan Banimfreg et Nihar Ranjan Dash. « Compositional changes in human gut microbiota reveal a putative role of intestinal mycobiota in metabolic and biological decline during aging ». Nutrition and Healthy Aging 6, no 4 (13 avril 2022) : 269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nha-210130.
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BACKGROUND: Age-related alterations in the composition and function of gut microbiota may influence human health and disease mechanisms. However, connections between compositional changes in gut bacterial and fungal communities, and their role in the aging process, remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: Compare the gut microbiota and mycobiota composition in different age groups and evaluate the functionality. METHODS: In this study, we performed 16S rRNA and ITS2 gene-based microbial profiling analysis and shotgun metagenomics using the NextSeq platform. RESULTS: We observed a shift in compositional changes of human gut microbiota with age. Older individuals revealed a significantly different gut microbiota profile compared to younger individuals. For example, gut microbiota composition of the older individuals showed increase in genera Bacteroides, Blautia, Ruminococcaceae, and Escherichia coli. Additionally, older individuals had significant reduction in fungi belonging to saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida albicans in comparison to their younger counterparts. Moreover, metagenomics functional profiling analysis using shotgun metagenomics sequencing data showed substantial differences in the enrichment of 48 pathways between the young and older age groups. Metabolic pathways such as amino acid biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, cell structure biosynthesis and vitamin biosynthesis were declined in the older age group, in comparison with the younger individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The identified differences provide a new insight to enrich our understanding of age-related changes in gut microbiota, their metabolic capabilities, and potential impact on health and disease conditions.
Thèses sur le sujet "Saccharomyces cerevisiae, healthy aging"
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RONZULLI, ROSSELLA. « The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a “road” from aging basic research to interventions for healthy aging ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/102384.
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Tutti gli organismi viventi col passare del tempo invecchiano, ossia vanno incontro ad un progressivo ed irreversibile declino funzionale/fisiologico, accompagnato da un aumentato rischio di contrarre malattie. Tra i diversi fattori coinvolti nell’invecchiamento, i nutrient-sensing pathway di TORC1/Sch9 e Ras/PKA e le Sirtuine, una famiglia di deacetilasi NAD+-dipendenti, svolgono un ruolo prioritario. Essi sono evolutivamente conservati dal lievito all’uomo, e risultano, inoltre, mediare alcuni degli effetti della Calorie Restriction (CR), un intervento che consiste nel limitare l’apporto di nutrienti senza incorrere in malnutrizione ed è noto estendere la longevità di molti organismi. Nell’ambito della ricerca sull’invecchiamento, il lievito Saccharomyces cerevisiae è un utile sistema sperimentale. In particolare, la Chronological LifeSpan (CLS), definita come il tempo che una popolazione di cellule quiescenti può sopravvivere durante la fase stazionaria, rappresenta un modello per lo studio dell’invecchiamento di cellule post-mitotiche di mammifero, quali i neuroni e i miociti. Infatti, le cellule in fase stazionaria, pur non proliferando, rimangono metabolicamente attive e responsive agli stimoli.
Nel lavoro di questa tesi è emerso che nell’invecchiamento cronologico il metabolismo ossidativo attraverso la respirazione può esercitare effetti negativi sulla funzionalità mitocondriale, producendo ROS, e ridurre la CLS. Al contrario, un metabolismo gluconeogenetico favorisce l’instaurarsi di una condizione vantaggiosa per la sopravvivenza anche durante la CR. Abbiamo visto che Sir2, il capostipite delle Sirtuine, rappresenta un elemento chiave in questo contesto in quanto, regolando lo stato di acetilazione di Pck1, l’enzima “rate-limiting step” della gluconeogenesi, ne controlla l’attività. La mancanza di Sir2 determina infatti un aumento di Pck1 acetilata che correla con un incremento della sua attività e quindi con un incremento della gluconeogenesi. Sulla base di questo, abbiamo valutato gli effetti sulla CLS e sul metabolismo della Nicotinammide (inibitore fisiologico di Sir2) e di due sostanze che sembrerebbero mimare la CR, Resveratrolo e Quercitina. L’utilizzo di queste tre sostanze, presenti in alcuni alimenti e bevande, potrebbe esercitare un’azione preventiva, favorendo quello che viene definito “healthy aging”.All living organisms undergo a functional/physiological decline with age, which is progressive and irreversible, and it is associated to an increased risk of the development of many diseases. Among the factors involved in aging, TORC1/Sch9 and Ras/PKA nutrient-sensing pathways and Sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases, play a prominent role. They are evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans, and they also mediate some of the effects of Calorie Restriction (CR), an intervention consisting in a reduction in calorie intake without malnutrition, known to extend longevity in many organisms. In the field of aging research, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a useful experimental system. In particular, the Chronological LifeSpan (CLS), defined as the time that a population of quiescent cells can survive in stationary phase, represents a model for studying aging of post-mitotic mammalian cells, such as neurons and myocytes. Although cells do not proliferate during the stationary phase, they remain metabolically active and responsive to stimuli. In this thesis work, it emerged that, in the chronological aging, oxidative metabolism through respiration can have negative effects on the mitochondrial functionality, due to ROS production, and can reduce CLS. On the contrary, a metabolism based on gluconeogenesis allows for the establishment of a condition favorable to survival even in the CR regimen. Sir2, the founding member of the Sirtuin family, is a key element in this context as it controls the activity of Pck1, the "rate-limiting step" enzyme of gluconeogenesis, by regulating its acetylation state. Lack of Sir2, in fact, determines an increase of the acetylated form of Pck1 that correlates with an increase of its activity and, thus, with an enhanced gluconeogenesis. On this basis, we evaluated the effects of Nicotinamide (a physiological inhibitor of Sir2) and two substances that seem to mimic CR, Resveratrol and Quercetin, on CLS and metabolism. Using these three substances, present in some foods and drinks, may exert a preventive effect, favoring the so- called "healthy aging".
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STAMERRA, GIULIA. « Nutraceutical approaches to promote healthy aging : the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the discovery of anti-aging interventions ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241137.
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L’aumento dell’aspettativa di vita non è associato con un altrettanto aumento delle condizioni di salute nella popolazione anziana.
Oggigiorno, un’ampia parte di popolazione al di sopra dei 65 anni soffre di molteplici malattie, molte delle quali debilitanti, come le malattie cardiovascolari, i tumori o i disordini neurodegenerativi. Questo aspetto ha aumentato l’interesse per le tematiche legate all’invecchiamento, enfatizzando l’importanza di ridurre il gap tra longevità salute durante l’invecchiamento.
A questo proposito, gli sforzi di molte linee di ricerca sono focalizzati nel tentativo di comprendere quali sono i principali fattori che influenzano l’invecchiamento, allo scopo di sviluppare approcci capaci di mitigare gli effetti dannosi dell’invecchiamento sulla salute. Molti pathway associati all’invecchiamento sono evolutivamente conservati dagli organismi unicellulari a quelli più complessi. Questo ci ha permesso di semplici organismi modello per studiare questo complesso fenomeno biologico. In questo lavoro abbiamo utilizzato l’eucariote unicellulare Saccharomyces cerevisiae, che va incontro sia all’invecchiamento replicativo che a quello cronologico, due modelli complementari di invecchiamento, che rispettivamente simulano il processo di invecchiamento delle cellule mitoticamente attive e quello delle cellule post-mitotiche. In questo contesto la replicative lifespan (RLS) è definita come il numero di cellule figlie generate da una cellula madre in presenza di nutrienti prima della morte. Al contrario, la chronological lifespan (CLS) è il periodo di sopravvivenza medio e massimo di una popolazione di cellule di lievito in fase stazionaria. Essa è determinata, partendo tre giorni dallo shift diauxico, dalla capacità di cellule quiescenti di riprendere la crescita una volta tornate su terreno fresco ricco.
Considerata l’esistenza di una forte connessione tra invecchiamento cellulare, nutrienti e metabolismo, abbiamo studiato i possibili effetti di alcuni composti nutraceutici, allo scopo di identificare molecole per sviluppare interventi anti-aging, oltre che aggiungere informazioni utili per comprendere meglio il processo di invecchiamento. A questo scopo, durante il primo e il secondo anno del mio progetto di dottorato, ho studiato gli effetti del resveratrolo (RSV) sulla CLS. RSV è un composto polifenolico annoverato tra i composti attivatori delle Sirtuine (STAC) ed è riconosciuto per conferire benefici su molte patologie legate all’invecchiamento. Le Sirtuine sono una famiglia di deacetilasi NAD+-dipendenti, il cui capostipite è Sir2 di S. cerevisiae, la cui attività è coinvolta sia nell’RLS che nella CLS. Inaspettatamente, abbiamo osservato che il trattamento con RSV incrementava lo stress ossidativo, in concomitanza con una notevole riduzione del pathway anti-aging della gluconeogenesi. L’attività deacetilasica di Sir2 sul suo target gluconeogenico Pck1 era incrementata, determinandone la sua inattivazione e indicando che RSV effettivamente agisce come STAC. Come conseguenza, questo causava effetti negativi sul metabolismo, determinando un fenotipo short-lived. Successivamente, ci siamo focalizzati sulla quercitina (QUER), un composto nutraceutico con proprietà benefiche su diverse patologie, incluse le malattie cardiovascolari, il cancro e la dislipidemia. Ciononostante, i target cellulari della QUER devono essere ancora esplorati. Abbiamo visto che la QUER possiede proprietà anti-aging che favoriscono un’estensione della CLS. Tutti i dati indicano un’inibizione dell’attività deacetilasica di Sir2 a seguito del trattamento con la QUER, determinando un incremento dei livelli di acetilazione e di attività di Pck1. Questo determina un rimodellamento metabolico a favore del pathway della gluconeogenesi, incrementando le riserve di trealosio e garantendo un miglioramento del processo di invecchiamento.Since the second half of past century in many developed Countries, life expectancy has gradually increased, reaching, and in some extreme cases exceeding, the threshold of 85 years. However, the increase of life expectancy is not associated with a corresponding increment of healthy conditions for the older population. Nowadays, a huge part of population over 65 years suffers a multitude of diseases, most of them highly disabling, like cardiovascular diseases, tumour or neurodegenerative disorders. This aspect has increased the interest on age-related issues, emphasizing the importance of reducing the gap between longevity and health during aging. For this purpose, efforts of many research lines have focused on studying which are the main factors that affect aging, in order to develop approaches that mitigate the detrimental effects of aging on health. Many aging-related pathways are evolutionarily conserved from some single-celled organisms to complex multicellular ones. Such knowledge has allowed us the use of simple model organisms to study this complex biological phenomenon. In this work we used the single-celled eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which undergoes both replicative and chronological aging, two complementary models of aging, which respectively resemble the aging process of mitotically active and post-mitotic mammalian cells. In this context, replicative lifespan (RLS) is defined as the number of buds generated by a single mother cell in the presence of nutrients before death. On the contrary, chronological lifespan (CLS) is the mean and maximum period of time of surviving cells in stationary phase. It is determined, starting three days from the diauxic shift, by the capability of quiescent cells to resume growth once returning to rich fresh medium. Considering that there is a strong connection between cellular aging, nutrients and metabolism, we investigated the possible effects of some nutraceutical compounds, in order to identify molecules for anti-aging interventions, as well as add useful information to understand the aging process. To this end, during the first and second year of my PhD project, I studied the effects of resveratrol (RSV) on CLS. RSV is a polyphenolic compound counted among the Sirtuin Activator Compounds (STACs), which has been proposed to confer health benefits on different age-related diseases. Sirtuins are a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases, the founding member of which is Sir2 of S. cerevisiae, whose activity is involved in both RLS and CLS. Unexpectedly, we found that RSV supplementation increased oxidative stress in concert with a strong reduction of the anti-aging gluconeogenesis pathway. The deacetylase activity of Sir2 on its gluconeogenic target Pck1 was enhanced, resulting in its inactivation and indicating that RSV really acts as a STAC. As a consequence, this brought about detrimental effects on the survival metabolism resulting in a short-lived phenotype. Next, we focused on the study of quercetin (QUER), a nutraceutical compound with health-promoting properties on different pathologies, including cardiovascular disorders, cancer and dyslipidaemia. Nevertheless, QUER cellular targets are still being explored. We found that QUER displays anti-aging properties favouring CLS extension. All data point to an inhibition of the deacetylase activity of Sir2 following QUER supplementation, resulting in increased levels of acetylation and activity of Pck1. This determines a metabolic remodelling in favour of the pro-longevity gluconeogenesis pathway, increasing trehalose storage and ensuring healthy aging improvement.
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Falcon, Alaric Antonio. « Building an episomal model of aging in saccharomyces cerevesiae ». [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ufl/fullcit?p3136937.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2004.Typescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 117 pages. Includes Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Butler, Barbara L. « Separation of a brewing yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on cellular age ». Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78334.
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In yeast, aging appears to be marked by a progressive impairment in cellular mechanisms, resulting in irreversible changes in physiology and morphology. To date, very little has been reported about the biochemical changes that occur in yeast as a function of individual cell aging. To investigate this further, six generations of a brewing yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NCYC 1239) were separated according to cellular age using continuous phased culturing and biotin-streptavidin magnetic cell sorting.To obtain cells with no bud scars (virgin cells), a concentrated yeast slurry was layered onto sucrose density gradients and centrifuged. The uppermost band from the gradients was collected and cells were biotinylated with biotinamidocaproate- N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, that covalently binds to lysine residues on the yeast cell wall. For continuous phased culturing, biotinylated cells were added to a carbon-limited nutrient medium and growth was synchronized using the doubling time of the cells. Harvested cells were incubated with streptavidin superparamagnetic beads and sorted with a strong permanent magnet. In total, approximately 75% of the biotinylated cells were recovered. Viability testing was conducted using vital staining and plate counts, with >98% viability reported with the vital stain and 37% viability with the agar plates.
In conclusion, continuous phased culture, together with magnetic cell sorting has the potential to become a powerful tool for the study of age-related biochemical changes in yeast. Further studies will focus on ensuring the reproducibility of the method and using the recovered cells to study biochemical changes occurring during yeasts' replicative lifespan.
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Basa, Ranor C. B. « ERC Accumulation and Premature Aging : An Investigation of the Deletion of ASH1 in the Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2006. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/119.
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This thesis concerns the asymmetric mechanism by which the "molecular aging clock" is reset in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is of great interest considering that many organisms' cells--including human stem cells--undergo this process. When yeast divides, it ages a generation, while daughter cells begin life at generation zero. One theory surrounding this process in yeast is the extrachromosomal rDNA circle (ERC) aging theory. ERCs are generated spontaneously in mother cells as they age, and thus accumulate exponentially in older cells. Daughter cells from young mothers benefit from asymmetric aging, but as mothers age, they produce daughters that prematurely senesce. Studies suggested that ERCs may be a cytoplasmic senescence factor that is passed from mother to daughter as the mother ages, possibly due to the mother's inability to maintain cellular pathways responsible for asymmetric processes as she ages. ASH1 is a gene that encodes an asymmetrically-distributed protein that halts expression of HO endonuclease--an enzyme critical to mating-type switch--in daughter cells. Previous studies in our lab showed that deleting ASH1 led to a decrease in daughter lifespan compared to wild-type strains. In this thesis, I present evidence of a possible connection between ASH1 and cell cycle regulation. Furthermore, the detection of ERC accumulation via Southern blotting in the mutant ASH1 strain, but not the wild-type strain, provides support that ERCs may be a senescence factor in yeast. Lastly, preliminary microarray analysis reveals several genes related to cell cycle regulation being affected by the deletion of ASH1.
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Managbanag, JR. « Application of Shortest-Path Network Analysis to Identify Genes that Modulate Longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1613.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Shortest-path network analysis was employed to identify novel genes that modulate longevity in the baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Based upon a set of previously reported genes associated with increased life span, a shortest path network algorithm was applied to a pre-existing protein-protein interaction dataset in order to construct a shortest-path longevity network. To validate this network, the replicative aging potential of 88 single gene deletion strains corresponding to predicted components of the shortest path longevity network was determined. The 88 single-gene deletion strains identified by a network approach are significantly enriched for mutation conferring both increased and decreased replicative life span when compared to a randomly selected set of 564 single-gene deletion strains or to the current data set available for the entire haploid deletion collection. In addition, previously unknown longevity genes were identified, several of which function in a longevity pathway believed to mediate life span extension in response to dietary restriction. This study represents the first biologically validated application of a network construct to the study of aging and rigorously demonstrates, also for the first time, that shortest path network analysis is a potentially powerful tool for predicting genes that function as potential modulators of aging.
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Shamalnasab, Mehrnaz. « Conserved Role of Acyl-CoA Binding Proteins in Life Span Regulation ». Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENSL0790.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Depuis une vingtaine d’années, il est possible d’allonger la durée de vie génétiquement. Nombre d’études réalisées sur des espèces allant de la levure aux primates, ont permis d’identifier des cascades de signaux intracellulaires ayant un impact sur la longévité et la qualité du vieillissement. Il est important de noter que certaines de ces interventions réduisent considérablement l’incidence de cancers et de maladies liées au vieillissement chez les mammifères. Ceci témoigne des liens existant entre vieillissement et carcinogénèse et il probable que le développement de stratégies pharmacologiques ayant pour cible le vieillissement se révèlent efficaces contre les maladies du vieillissement comme le cancer, la maladie d’Alzheimer ou de Parkinson. Nous avons criblé la banque de mutants de Saccharomyces cerevisiae pour identifier des mutations génétiques qui augmentent la durée de vie. La plupart des gènes identifiés se sont révélés conservés puisqu’ils influencent aussi la longévité chez C. elegans. La protéine de liaison à l’acyl-CoA (ACBP) est une petite protéine (10 kDa) qui se lie avec une haute affinité aux chaîne d’acyl-CoA esters (moyennes et longues) et les transporte vers les sites de consommation de l'acyl-CoA. ACBP est hautement conservée parmi les espèces eucaryotes et joue un rôle important dans la biosynthèse des lipides et le trafic vésiculaire. Chez Saccharomyces cerevisiae, la délétion d’ACBP (ACB1) entraîne une augmentation de la longévité et favorise la résistance au stress. Pour tester si l’impact d’ACBP sur la longévité s'étend aux eucaryotes supérieurs, nous avons exploré le lien entre les gènes codant pour des ACBPs chez Caenorhabditis elegans et la longévité en utilisant l’ARN interfèrent. Chez C. elegans, sept paralogues ACBP ont été identifiés, qui sont exprimés dans différents tissus. Nous avons constaté que la réduction de l'expression de maa-1 (codant une ACBP associée aux membranes) prolonge la durée de vie des vers sauvages. Nos résultats démontrent que: 1) une perte de fonction de maa-1 entraîne une résistance au superoxyde, 2) et aux événements protéotoxiques telle que l'agrégation protéique associées aux maladies neurodégénératives comme la maladie de Huntington. Enfin, nous avons montré que l'activité du facteur de transcription HIF-1 (hypoxia inducible factor-1) contribue à la longévité causée par la mutation maa-1. En effet, la délétion du gène hif-1 annule complètement l’augmentation de la longévité causée par maa-1Understanding the aging process, its regulation, and how to delay it has become a priority for an increasing number of scientists worldwide. The principal reason for this is that it is becoming more and more evident that anti-aging interventions may be effective against age-related diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Simple model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been instrumental to identify the principal genes implicated in aging whose role has turned out to be conserved in mammals. The project presented here has originated from a genome-wide screen performed in S. cerevisiae that has led to discover several novel life span-regulatory genes whose deletion prevents aging. One of these genes encodes for Acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP). ACBP is a small (10 kDa) protein that binds medium- and long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters with high affinity and transports them to acyl-CoA consuming processes. ACBP is highly conserved among eukaryotic species and plays important roles in lipid biosynthesis and vesicle trafficking. In S. cerevisiae, lack of ACBP (Acb1) extends longevity and promotes stress resistance. To test whether the life span-regulatory role of ACBP extends to higher eukaryotes, we explored the link between the C. elegans ACBP genes and longevity by RNAi screening. In C. elegans, seven ACBP paralogs have been identified, which are expressed in different tissues. We found that reducing the expression of maa-1 (encoding a membrane associated ACBP) extended the longevity of wild-type worms. Our results show that 1) a loss of function maa-1 mutant is resistant to the superoxide-generating agent paraquat and 2) reduction of maa-1 expression increases resistance to the proteotoxicity associated with the aggregation of the Huntington's disease-associated polyQ peptide. The activity of the anti-aging transcription factor HIF-1 (hypoxia inducible factor-1) contributes to the extended longevity caused by lack of maa-1. The effect of MAA-1 loss on longevity was fully reverted by the deletion of the hif-1 gene
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Anjos, Rafaela Maria Rios dos. « Mapeamento dos determinantes estruturais da proteína Rtg2p, envolvidos na sinalização retrógrada e no envelhecimento de Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-26092016-110727/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Rtg2p é uma proteína que participa da sinalização retrógrada, uma via de comunicação da mitocôndria para o núcleo; também tem sido associada com a longevidade em S. cerevisiae. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os determinantes estruturais de Rtg2p, envolvidos na sinalização retrógrada e no envelhecimento. Para isto foram produzidos treze mutantes pontuais a partir do desenho racional por decomposição de redes de correlação de aminoácidos (DRCN). Analisaram-se as cepas mutantes por ensaio de auxotrofia para glutamato, expressão do gene CIT2 e ensaio de longevidade replicativa. Em sua grande maioria as mutações realizadas causaram perturbações nas funções de Rtg2p, com destaque para as cepas E106A, R109E, E137A, T138A e D158A, que apresentaram longevidade igual à da cepa rtg2Δ, com apenas uma mutação pontual. Em conclusão, os resultados obtidos demonstram que o domínio N-terminal é muito importante para a função de Rtg2p, e indicam que existem determinantes estruturais que controlam a longevidade de forma dependente ou independente da resposta retrógrada.Rtg2p is a protein involved in the retrograde signaling, a pathway of communcation from mitochondria to nucleus; also has been associated with longevity in S. cerevisiae. The goal of this study was to identify the structural determinants of Rtg2p, controlling the function of this protein in retrograde response and aging. For this purpose thirteen point mutants were produced by site-directed mutagenesis, using rational design by decomposition of residues correlation networks (DRCN). The strains was analyzed by glutamate auxotrophy, CIT2 gene expression and replicative life span assays. For the most of performed mutations, generated inactivation to Rtg2p functions, highlighting to R109E, E137A, T138A, and D158A showed longevity equal to rtg2Δ strain, even with a single amino acid change. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the N-terminal domain is very important to the function of Rtg2p and also show there are structural determinants in Rtg2p that control longevity in both dependent or independent manner of the communication between mitochondria and nucleus.
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Tahara, Erich Birelli. « Influência da restrição calórica no metabolismo bioenergético e estado redox de Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Kluyveromyces lactis ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-15052012-085726/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
O envelhecimento envolve um progressivo declínio na eficiência metabólica dos sistemas biológicos ao longo do tempo. Embora não possa ser evitado, o envelhecimento pode ter seus fenótipos típicos mitigados em organismos submetidos à restrição calórica, um regime dietético que consiste em uma oferta diminuída de calorias. Ao longo do tempo, a levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae mostrou-se um importante organismo modelo para o estudo de importantes marcas relacionadas ao envelhecimento, sobretudo por ser responsiva à restrição calórica. Através de uma abordagem do metabolismo energético e do estado de óxido-redução celular, nós temos buscado identificar quais são os fatores imprescindíveis para a exibição do aumento do tempo de vida cronológico dessa levedura. Nós verificamos que defeitos específicos na síntese de nicotinamida adenina dinucleotídeo aumentam a geração mitocondrial de espécies reativas de oxigênio pela enzima dihidrolipoil desidrogenase, porém não suprimem o aumento da do tempo de vida cronológico de S. cerevisiae. Por outro lado, os mutantes dessa levedura irreponsíveis à restrição calórica são aqueles que possuem defeitos no metabolismo aeróbico, mais especificamente na montagem da cadeia de transporte de elétrons. Também verificamos que diferentes mutações em enzimas do ciclo dos ácidos tricarboxílicos alteram a taxa de perda do DNA mitocondrial de S. cerevisiae numa forma dependente da concentração inicial de glicose nos meios de cultura e também do tempo de cultivo. Também observamos que a eficiência energética em S. cerevisiae cultivada sob restrição calórica é aumentada em relação à levedura cultivada em condição controle. Finalmente, também observamos que a morfologia mitocondrial é alterada pelo estado metabólico celular e se correlaciona com a geração de espécies reativas de oxigênio nesse organismo. Assim sendo, em conjunto, esses dados revelam importantes modificações metabólicas e no estado de óxido redução proporcionadas pela restrição calórica e como os fenótipos típicos do envelhecimento podem ser mitigados em S. cerevisiae, assim como quais são os fatores imprescindíveis para a resposta dessa levedura à restrição calórica.Aging involves a progressive decline in metabolic efficiency of biological systems over time. Although it cannot be avoided, aging phenotypes are delayed in organisms undergoing caloric restriction, a dietary regimen consisting of a reduced availability of calories. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has proved to be an important model organism for studying important characteristics related to aging, and is responsive to caloric restriction. We sought to identify factors essential for increased chronological lifespan in yeast by investigating changes in energy metabolism and redox state. We found that defects in the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide increased mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species by the enzyme dihidrolipoil dehydrogenase, but did not suppress the increase in chronological life span. On the other hand, mutants of this yeast which do not respond to caloric restriction are those that have defects in aerobic metabolism, specifically in the assembly of the electron transport chain. We also found that different mutations in enzymes of the citric acid cycle alter the rate of loss of mitochondrial in a manner dependent on the initial concentration of glucose in culture media and culture time. We also observed that energy efficiency in S. cerevisiae grown under caloric restriction is increased compared to yeast grown under control conditions. Finally, we also observed that mitochondrial morphology is altered by the cellular metabolic state and correlates with the generation of reactive oxygen species in this organism. Thus, altogether, these data reveal significant changes in metabolism and redox state promoted by caloric restriction, how phenotypes typical of aging can be prevented in S. cerevisiae, as well as what factors are required for the response of yeast to caloric restriction.
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Lesur, Kupin Isabelle. « Study of the transcriptome of the prematurely aging dna2-1 yeast mutant using a new system allowing comparative DNA microarray analysis ». Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR12976.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette these decrit une methode originale de comparaison automatique d'experiences de transcriptome appliquee a la determination des causes du vieillissement de l'organisme eucaryote modele: Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Les experiences de transcriptome, qui peuvent etre realisees a l'aide de microarrays, permettent au biologiste d'etudier simultanement les variations globales d'expression de milliers de genes dans de nombreuses conditions experimentales. Ces experiences a grande echelle realisees a haut-debit generent une quantite importante de donnees. En consequence, les biologistes ont besoin d'outils informatiques pour les interpreter. L'utilisation de microarrays pour l'etude des causes du vieillissement chez la levure nous a permis d'identifier les outils informatiques necessaires a l'interpretation des donnees de transcriptome. Independemment de son interet biologique, le vieillissement est un probleme particulierement bien adapte a une double approche biologique et informatique. Nous avons analyse le transcriptome des cellules de levure au cours de leur vieillissement. Deux souches ont ete etudiees: l'une d'elles est une souche sauvage et l'autre un mutant, dna2-1, vieillissant prematurement, et dont la replication de l'ADN est deficiente. Plusieurs outils existants d'analyse de donnees microarrays nous ont permis d'interpreter nos resultats. Nous avons constate un stockage d'energie associe au vieillissement: les genes impliques dans la gluconeogenese, le cycle du glyoxylate, le metabolisme lipidique, et la production de glycogene sont actives dans les vieilles cellules. Nous avons egalement observe une reponse generalisee au stress connue sous le nom ESR (Reponse Environnementale au Stress) decrite auparavant dans d'autres etudes. De plus, Nous avons observe l'induction d'un ensemble de genes qui reparent l'ADN et connus sous le nom de “signature” de degradation de l'ADN. Plusieurs genes ayant un role dans la production d'energie sont actives dans la souche mutante dna2-1. La reponse au vieillissement observee chez dna2-1 est similaire a celle decrite dans un mutant dont la telomerase est disfonctionnelle (TDR). Elle est constituee par un ensemble de genes dont l'expression change durant la senescence cellulaire. Ces resultats suggerent indirectement que les cellules agees repondent a une instabilite du genome. Le travail d'interpretation de ces donnees nous a permis d'identifier des besoins informatiques specifiques parmis lesquels la necessite de comparer des experiences microarray de facon automatique. Pour cette raison, nous avons developpe, dans la deuxieme partie de cette these, une methode permettant de comparer des experiences microarray de facon automatique. Cette methode originale repose sur une ontologie pour experiences microarrays associee a un modele de cout evaluant le degre de compatibilite de deux experiences. La validation de cette methode a conduit au developpement d'une plateforme de test, Malako, qui associe les outils informatiques classiques d'analyses de donnees microarray a un systeme de comparaison automatique d'experiences microarray.
Livres sur le sujet "Saccharomyces cerevisiae, healthy aging"
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Sing, Cierra Nicole. Aging Actin' Up : A novel aging determinant regulates the actin cytoskeleton, nutrient sensing, and lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [New York, N.Y.?] : [publisher not identified], 2021.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Saccharomyces cerevisiae, healthy aging"
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Longo, Valter D., et Paola Fabrizio. « Chronological Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Dans Aging Research in Yeast, 101–21. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2561-4_5.
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Hu, Jia, Min Wei, Mario G. Mirisola et Valter D. Longo. « Assessing Chronological Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Dans Methods in Molecular Biology, 463–72. Totowa, NJ : Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-239-1_30.
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Yu, Ruofan, Myeong Chan Jo et Weiwei Dang. « Measuring the Replicative Lifespan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using the HYAA Microfluidic Platform ». Dans Aging, 1–6. New York, NY : Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0592-9_1.
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Aris, John P., Laura K. Fishwick, Michelle L. Marraffini, Arnold Y. Seo, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh et William A. Dunn. « Amino Acid Homeostasis and Chronological Longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Dans Aging Research in Yeast, 161–86. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2561-4_8.
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Jazwinski, S. Michal. « The genetics of aging in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Dans Genetics and Evolution of Aging, 54–70. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1671-0_6.
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Gonidakis, Stavros, et Valter D. Longo. « Oxidative Stress and Aging in the Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Dans Oxidative Stress in Aging, 67–79. Totowa, NJ : Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-420-9_5.
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Sudiyani, Yanni, Muhammad Eka Prastya, Roni Maryana, Eka Triwahyuni et Muryanto. « The Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a Valuable Model Organism for Investigating Anti-Aging Compounds ». Dans Saccharomyces. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96662.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the budding yeast was long history as industrial baker’s yeast due to its ability to produce numerous product such as ethanol, acetate, industrial bakers etc. Interestingly, this yeast was also important tools for studying biological mechanism in eukaryotic cells including aging, autophagy, mitochondrial response etc. S. cerevisiae has arisen as a powerful chemical and genetic screening platform, due to a rapid workflow with experimental amenability and the availability of a wide range of genetic mutant libraries. Calorie restriction (CR) as the reduction of nutrients intake could promote yeast longevity through some pathways such as inhibition of nutrient sensing target of rapamycin (TOR), serine–threonine kinase (SCH9), protein adenylate cyclase (AC), protein kinase A (PKA) and ras, reduced ethanol, acetic acid and apoptotic process. In addition, CR also induces the expression of antioxidative proteins, sirtuin2 (Sir2), autophagy and induction of mitochondrial yeast adaptive response. Three methods, spotting test; chronological life span (CLS) and replicative life span (RLS) assays, have been developed to study aging in S. cerevisiae. Here, we present strategies for pharmacological anti-aging screens in yeast, discuss common pitfalls and summarize studies that have used yeast for drug discovery.
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Cadou, Angela, et Andreas Mayer. « The Nucleus-Vacuole Junction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Dans Autophagy : Cancer, Other Pathologies, Inflammation, Immunity, Infection, and Aging, 69–77. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-801043-3.00003-0.
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Lin, Stephen S., Jill K. Manchester et Jeffrey I. Gordon. « Cellular glucose sensing, energy metabolism, and aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ». Dans Advances in Cell Aging and Gerontology, 197–213. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1566-3124(03)14010-2.
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Dalton, David R. « Finishing the Wine ». Dans The Chemistry of Wine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687199.003.0030.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The end of fermentation, signaled by density measurements, the alcohol-driven death of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain that was used, the cessation of evolution of carbon dioxide, and the generally accepted passage of the several weeks over which time the fermentation has been permitted to extend, is followed by the previously discussed (Chapter 16) process of racking. The racking, as noted earlier, will separate most of the precipitated solids that are present or have developed during the fermentation process (e.g., accumulated seed and twig pieces not previously removed, insoluble carboxylic acid salts, dead yeast cells, and other solids [the lees]) from the fermented juice. But the wine may not yet be clear. Indeed, the wine may need racking once or twice more for clarification before a final filtration to produce the appropriate bright and clear beverage-quality wine. The last, or even a penultimate racking, might be done into an oaken vessel and should be done into oak if a red wine is being finished (European or American oaks are commonly used, but with different results, vide infra). However, it is important that regardless of the color of the wine each racking operation be done as carefully as possible to exclude transfer of solids and oxygen. At this stage of finishing, the oxygen will probably not be utilized in biochemical processes, barring the presence of microbial life, and normal oxidation of phenols and alcohols in the wine will have been inhibited by the presence of carbon dioxide (which replaced the oxygen in the solution during fermentation). Thus, if oxygen is introduced, it is likely that unwanted oxidation products might form. The final racking for white wines (excluding Champagne, other “sparkling” wines, and some specialty beverages to be considered later) is generally carried out so that the beverage can rest for a few months (often with cooling to inhibit deleterious processes occurring as a result of aging) before filtering and bottling.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Saccharomyces cerevisiae, healthy aging"
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Babarykin, Dmitry, Gaļina Smirnova, Svetlana Vasiļjeva, Anna Fedotova, Andrey Fedotov et Natālija Basova. « Evaluation of the biological activity of sugar-free fractionated red beetroot juice ». Dans 80th International Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iarb.2022.05.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In the case of type II diabetes, the most important preventive and therapeutic effect gives a diet with a minimal amount of easily digestible carbohydrates. Vegetable juices are posi-tioned as healthy food, because of the high content of phenolic and other biologically active compounds. However, due to the high glycemic index, juices are contraindicated in obesity, and diabetes, while juices with a reduced glycemic index, are not available on the market. We have developed a technology for the fractionation of red beetroot juice based on molecular mass using ultrafiltration. The resulting fraction stimulates the absorption of iron, increases blood hemoglobin level, and enhances capillary blood flow more effectively than native juice does. Both effects are important for patients with diabetes because the impaired blood supply to tissues and organs is an important pathogenetic factor in the development of diabetic renal failure, blindness, and gangrene. The sugar content in fractionated beetroot juice is 5–7%, which makes its use in diabetes problematic. The purpose of the study was to develop a technology for removing sugar from fractionated red beetroot juice and assessing the safety of its functional properties. The fractionated native red beetroot juice and fractionated fermented juice were studied. Fermentation was carried out using pre-activated yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It was found that after 5-day fermentation, the sugar content in the fermented fractionated juice fell to 0.5–0.7%, while maintaining functional activity.