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BADINO, FEDERICA. « Holocene vegetation and climate variability as recorded in high-altitude mires (western Italian Alps) ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/131067.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Climate variability during the Holocene (the last 11700 calendar yr b2k) is relatively subtle whether compared with the higher amplitude characterizing the last glacial period. Nonetheless, several proxy data (e.g. pollen, plant macrofossils, glacier length variations), indicate detectable changes in temperature and/or moisture during this period. Retreating glaciers may uncover peat sequences that were once ice-buried. Palynological analysis of those organic deposits provides information on plant communities colonization in proglacial areas as well as long-distance vegetations signal.
The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of high-altitude pollen records for vegetation history and climate reconstruction during the Holocene in the south-western Italian Alps. The study sites are located in the Rutor Glacier area (La Thuile Valley). Within this thesis, modern (a) and past (b) vegetation and climate conditions have been analyzed using different methodologies;
a) Modern pollen rain, vegetation, climate and terrain parameters have been collected at 27 sampling sites placed along an altitudinal gradient from the village of Morgex (983 m asl) to the Rutor Glacier forefield (2668 m asl). This altitudinal training set has been designed (i) to provide a robust modern reference for reliable palaeoenvironmental and quantitative interpretations of past changes in vegetation composition; (ii) to integrate the newly-obtained pollen spectra into a large, continental dataset of modern pollen samples (EMPD - European Modern Pollen Database) for quantitative climate reconstructions.
b) New paleoecological, stratigraphical and geochronological data have been obtained from peat deposits (Lac dans la Roche peat bog, 2594 m asl) and integrated with the well-known buried peat sequences exposed at 2510 m asl by the '80es Rutor Glacier retreat. The result is a composite paleoecological record covering most of the Holocene.
At the base of the composite sequence, meltwater glacier sediments testify to the early Holocene development of a proglacial lake, before Abies alba expansion in the western Italian Alps. These sediments bear the palynological evidence of a primary plant succession testifying to an ecological mechanism of colonization on deglaciated terrains. Moreover, macrofossil analysis highlighted the local presence of alpine dwarf - shrubland species (e.g. Salix cfr. foetida).
Pinus cembra occurs rather densely in the alpine belt from ca. 8000 yrs cal. BP, representing the beginning of the Holocene thermal maximum in the high Alps.
Between 8000 - 4000 yrs cal. BP timberline was higher than today. A radiocarbon age obtained from a Pinus cembra wood fragment suggests the occurrence of pines as high as ca. 2600 m asl at around 5650 yrs cal BP. The dated wood fragment cannot have been long-distance transported, thus it indicates the presence of this species in situ. Moreover, paleobotanical insights and comparison with climate threshold of modern treeline (ca. 9,3° C at 2400 m asl), suggest a positive treeline shift of almost 150 m. Preliminary pollen-inferred Tjul reconstructions show higher values (up to 2 - 3°C) than today for this interval.
At around 4000 yrs cal. BP Picea abies and Alnus viridis started to expand. A progressive natural/climatic driven decline of Pinus cembra took place. Pollen inferred Tjul shows a decreasing trend between 2900 – 2000 yrs cal BP and possibly a short-lived cold event starting at ca. 1140 yrs cal. BP, pre-dating the onset of the LIA (Little Ice Age). A subsequent arolla pine forests reduction can be attributed to LIA glacier advance (max occurred between 1751 – 1864 AD), which is testified in the upper part of the sequence by fluvioglacial deposits.
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Ghoudi, Kilani. « Multivariate randomness statistics ». Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.20381/ruor-17165.
Texte intégralRésumé :
During the startup phase of a production process while statistics on the product quality are being collected it is useful to establish that the process is under control. Small samples ni qi=1 are taken periodically for q periods. We shall assume each measurement is multivariate. A process is under control or on-target if all the observations are deemed to be independent and identically distributed. Let Fi represent the empirical distribution function of the ith sample. Let F¯ represent the empirical distribution function of all observations. Following Lehmann (1951) we propose statistics of the form i=1q -infinityinfinityFi s-F- s2d Fs. The asymptotics of nonparametric q-sample Cramer-Von Mises statistics were studied in Kiefer (1959). The emphasis there, however, is on the case where n(i) → infinity while q stayed fixed. Here we study the asymptotics of a family of randomness statistics, that includes the above. These asymptotics are in the quality control situation (i.e q → infinity while n( i) stay fixed). Such statistics can be used in many situations; in fact one can use randomness statistics in any situation where the problem amounts to a test of homoscedasticity or homogeneity of a collection of observations. We give two such applications. First we show how such statistics can be used in nonparametric regression. Second we illustrate the application to retrospective quality control.
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Vera, Azócar Alberto Abel. « Adaptive rumor spreading ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/134778.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Magíster en Gestión de OperacionesIngeniero Civil Industrial
El esparcimiento de rumores es un modelo intuitivo para la difusión de información en una red social. Una entidad que controla la red, por ejemplo el proveedor del servicio, desea acelerar el proceso de esparcimiento del rumor, de forma tal que se maximice la cantidad de información entregada. Este problema, definido a grandes rasgos, ha sido objeto de múltiples investigaciones en el último tiempo, entre otros como marketing viral y maximización de influencia. Un enfoque natural y ausente en los estudios previos es la adaptividad. En este trabajo se abordan las siguientes preguntas: ¿cómo el controlador puede usar la información del estado de la red para acelerar el proceso de rumor? y ¿cuánto beneficio se obtiene de tal conocimiento? Un concepto novedoso es la comunicación oportunista en redes; cada agente de la red social comparte información (noticias, actualización de software, etc.) con otros usuarios al momento de estar momentáneamente en rango (vía wi-fi, bluetooth, etc.), de esta forma se evita la saturación de la infraestructura que soporta la red. Con esta motivación se estudia un modelo a tiempo continuo, donde cada par de nodos se comunica de acuerdo a un proceso de Poisson de cierta tasa y el rumor se transmite siempre que alguno estuviera informado. Las anteriores comunicaciones no tienen costo para el controlador, pero si éste lo desea puede informar a cualquier nodo pagando un costo unitario por ello. En vez de la usual restricción de presupuesto se fija un deadline, en tal tiempo todos los nodos deben estar informados, debiendo pagar el controlador un costo unitario por cada nodo que no haya obtenido el rumor antes del deadline. Una estrategia no-adaptativa puede informar sólo al comienzo del periodo y cuando se cumple el deadline, pagando por todos aquellos nodos que no se comunicaron nunca con otro nodo informado. Una estrategia adaptativa puede intervenir la red en cualquier instante, usando toda la información disponible hasta ese entonces, en particular sabiendo cuales nodos tienen el rumor en cada momento. El resultado principal de este trabajo es que en el caso homogéneo, donde cada par de nodos se encuentra con la misma tasa, el beneficio de la adaptividad está acotado por una constante. La demostración requiere un entendimiento profundo del proceso estocástico que domina el sistema, que se cree ya una contribución interesante. Adicionalmente, se presenta una extensión natural del caso homogéneo, donde el controlador está interesado sólo en un conjunto de nodos y no en toda la red social, se demuestra que en este escenario el beneficio de la adaptividad también está acotado por una constante. Finalmente, se muestra que, sin el supuesto de homogeneidad, el beneficio de la adaptividad puede crecer de forma no acotada.
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Chiarello, Gabriella. « Rumor : Tra Catania e Orleans ». Thesis, Università degli Studi di Catania, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/254.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Nel caso d'Orleans come in quello di Catania non si segnala alcuna misteriosa sparizione, i fatti non sono realmente accaduti: il rumor crea l'evento. Come in un sogno in cui fantasia e realta' si confondono, la memoria collettiva si appropria del mito fluttuante, lo ancora alla realta', e di quello si serve per gridare a gran voce il proprio turbamento e le proprie contraddizioni.
Tutto cio' allora sembra essere prova del fatto che quelle contraddizioni e quei turbamenti in realta' non abbandonano mai il corpo sociale ma da questo vengono riprese ed esternate quando una lettura del contesto da parte degli attori viene interpretata come sovraccarico d'ambivalenza.
E' chiaro che espressa in questi termini la lettura contestuale non sara' mai espressione di una crisi oggettiva: due citta', contesti differenti, contraddizioni differenti. Ma la questione nodale sembra essere un'altra. Due citta' con contesti e contraddizioni differenti alle spalle, in tempi lontani l'una dall'altra adottano lo stesso modo di procedere: una forza mitopoietica accomuna le due citta'. Se dunque la lettura e la conseguente interpretazione del contesto sono lasciate agli attori e trovano senso se inserite in quel contesto, il ricorso a spiegazioni dal carattere mitologico e la ricerca di colpevoli potrebbero invece accomunare l'intera societa'.In the case of Orleans as in Catania, no mysterious disappearance has been reported, the facts did not really happen: the rumor creates the event. As in a dream in which fantasy and reality mingle, the collective memory takes possession of the floating myth anchoring it to reality using it to shout loudly its own disturbance and contradictions. Then everything seems to be evidence that those contradictions and disturbances actually never leave the social body but these are recovered and expressed when a reading of the context by the actors is interpreted as overload of ambivalence. It is clear that the contextual reading expressed in these terms will never be expression of an "objective" crisis: two cities, different environments, different contradictions. But the crucial issue seems to be different. Two cities with different contexts and contradictions behind, in distant times one to the other, take the same approach: a mythopoeic force unites the two cities. If the reading of the context and its interpretation is left to the actors and finds direction when put in that context, then the use of mythological explanations and the search for culprits could unite the entire society.
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Robinson, Nicole M. « Cancer rumor effects on sense making / ». Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/7643.
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Wensley, Kate. « The impact of valence and importance on the propensity to transmit corporate based rumours / ». [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16828.pdf.
Texte intégral
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Odero, Geophrey Otieno Mr. « Limit Cycles and Dynamics of Rumor Models ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1236.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis discusses limit cycles and behavior of rumor models. The first part presents the deterministic Daley-Kendall model (DK) with arrivals and departures and comparison of the Susceptibles, Infectives and Removed (SIR) model and the DK model. The second result is a part of the qualitative analysis and the general behavior of extension of the Daley-Kendall model. Here we discuss how the halting rate of spreaders causes the model to change from a stable equilibrium or a stable limit cycle. In the third part we carry out model validation and use both synthetic data and real data sets and fit them to the numerical solutions of the extended Daley-Kendall model. Finally, we find the parameter estimates and standard errors. In this way we shall be able to decide whether the numerical solutions quantifying the relationships between the variables obtained from the qualitative analysis can be accepted as the best description of the data. We discuss sensitivity analysis results and traditional sensitivity functions.
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Lannebjer, Martin. « Medeltida runor och runliteracy : kulturell krock eller kompromiss ? » Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Centrum för medeltidsstudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-149675.
Texte intégralRésumé :
During the 12th to the 16th century the Scandinavian region went through a cultural change, from Germanic to Latin culture. This change effected a wide variety of areas for example law, piety, clothing, religion and system of writing. It is the change in the system of writing this essay will examine i.e. the change from runes to the Latin alphabet. The medieval runic Europe (including the Nordic countries and the north Atlantic islands) has a great variety in their numbers of runic material but in total there is about 2800 of them. Most are from the Scandinavian countries Sweden and Norway. The runic alphabet and the Latin alphabet coexisted during the Nordic Middle ages but the Latin alphabet became dominant over time.The runic alphabet changed during the 11th and 12th centuries from 16 runes to 28 (as many letters as the Latin alphabet) and was in continues use during the whole time period. The question is why it survived for so long? How come the runic alphabet did not die out sooner given the introduction of the Latin alphabet and the influence from Latin countries (i.e. Western Europe)? Earlier research has largely focused on the Viking age carvings and has not problematized the change from an historical point of view or from a cultural perspective. This essays goal is to explain that change by categorizing the inscriptions according to their theme and content in order to identify runic usage as a cultural belonging, be it a passive or active choice. I will also discuss the literacy level (or to be precis the runeliteracy) of the Scandinavian countries. Who could read the runes and in what context where they used?
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Yang, Lan. « Influence minimization and rumor containment in social networks ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0571.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse porte sur l'endiguement des rumeurs et la minimisation de l'influence dans les réseaux sociaux. Dans la première partie, nous formalisons deux problèmes distincts de minimisation d'influence sous le modèle à LTM, c'est-à-dire la minimisation des pertes avec perturbation (LMD) et la minimisation de la diffusion avec cible garantie (DMGT). Pour le problème LMD, nous montrons qu'il est équivalent à la résolution d'un problème de programmation linéaire en nombres entiers. Pour le problème DMGT, nous fournissons une technique pour rechercher une solution optimale qui fonctionne pour les cas particuliers et discutons d'une heuristique simple pour trouver une solution dans le cas général. La maîtrise des rumeurs est analysée dans les deuxième et troisième parties de cette thèse en adoptant différentes stratégies de contrôle des rumeurs. Nous adoptons d'abord la stratégie du contrepoids en diffusant une information correcte. Nous proposons une version compétitive et généralisée, c'est-à-dire LT1DT. Le problème de la minimisation de la propagation des rumeurs (MRS) est abordé et s'est avéré difficile pour notre modèle généralisé. En raison de la dureté théorique du problème MRS, nous présentons trois heuristiques différentes et définissons leurs versions contraintes pour souligner l’effet de proximité pour résoudre le problème MRS. Pour contrôler la propagation de la rumeur, nous considérons ensuite la stratégie de perturbation du réseau en bloquant un ensemble de noeuds. Nous proposons ensuite une formulation non linéaire du problème d'identification des top-k-bloquants et introduisons quelques techniques mathématiques pour linéariser la formulation non linéaireThis thesis mainly focuses on the rumor containment and influence minimization problems in social networks. In the first part, we formalize two different influence minimization problems generalizing the scenarios under the LTM model, i.e., the Loss Minimization with Disruption (LMD) and the Diffusion Minimization with Guaranteed Target (DMGT). For the LMD problem, we show that it is equivalent to solving an integer linear programming problem. For the DMGT problem, we provide a technique to search for an optimal solution that works in some particular cases and discuss a simple heuristic to find a solution in the general case.Rumor containment is analyzed in the second and third parts of this thesis by investigating different rumor control strategies. We first adopt the counterbalance strategy by spreading truth. We propose a competitive and generalized version of the LTM, i.e., LT1DT. The problem of minimizing rumor spread (MRS) is addressed. To cope with the computational complexity of the MRS problem, we present three different heuristics and define their constrained versions to highlight the proximity effect for solving the MRS problem. To control the rumor spread, we then consider the network disruption strategy by blocking a set of nodes. We then propose a non-linear formulation of the top-k blockers identification problem in the LTM based on the notion of cohesiveness and introduce some mathematical techniques to linearize the non-linear formulation. The complexity of the integer linear programming can be further reduced by showing that given a seed set, the evolution process in the whole network is equivalent to that in its active sub-network
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Haime, Kyla. « The soldier's perspective in A rumor of war ». Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1261351164.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A.)--Cleveland State University, 2009.Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jan. 13, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 36-37). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center and also available in print.
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Islam, Mohammad Raihanul. « Detecting and Mitigating Rumors in Social Media ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99057.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The penetration of social media today enables the rapid spread of breaking news and other developments to millions of people across the globe within hours. However, such pervasive use of social media by the general masses to receive and consume news is not without its attendant negative consequences as it also opens opportunities for nefarious elements to spread rumors or misinformation. A rumor generally refers to an interesting piece of information that is widely disseminated through a social network and whose credibility cannot be easily substantiated. A rumor can later turn out to be true or false or remain unverified. The spread of misinformation and fake news can lead to deleterious effects on users and society. The objective of the proposed research is to develop a range of machine learning methods that will effectively detect and characterize rumor veracity in social media. Since users are the primary protagonists on social media, analyzing the characteristics of information spread w.r.t. users can be effective for our purpose. For our first problem, we propose a method of computing user embeddings from underlying social networks. For our second problem, we propose a long short-term memory (LSTM) based model that can classify whether a story discussed in a thread can be categorized as a false, true, or unverified rumor. We demonstrate the utility of user features computed from the first problem to address the second problem. For our third problem, we propose a method that uses user profile information to detect rumor veracity. This method has the advantage of not requiring the underlying social network, which can be tedious to compute. For the last problem, we investigate a rumor mitigation technique that recommends fact-checking URLs to rumor debunkers, i.e., social network users who are very passionate about disseminating true news. Here, we incorporate the influence of other users on rumor debunkers in addition to their previous URL sharing history to recommend relevant fact-checking URLs.Doctor of Philosophy
A rumor is generally defined as an interesting piece of a story that cannot be authenticated easily. On social networks, a user can generally find an interesting piece of news or story and may share (retweet) it. A story that initially appears plausible can later turn out to be false or remain unverified. The propagation of false rumors on social networks has a deteriorating effect on user experience. Therefore, rumor veracity detection is important, and drawing interest in social network research. In this thesis, we develop various machine learning models that detect rumor veracity. For this purpose, we exploit different types of information regarding users, such as profile details and connectivity with other users etc. Moreover, we propose a rumor mitigation technique that recommends fact-checking URLs to social network users who are passionate about debunking rumors. Here, we leverage similar techniques used in e-commerce sites for recommending products to solve this problem.
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Bianchi, Marco. « Runor som resurs : Vikingatida skriftkultur i Uppland och Södermanland ». Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-121586.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Viking Age rune-carvers and their readers used runes as a semiotic resource to convey and structure the messages on rune-stones. An analysis of the ways in which this resource is used together with other resources gives us a deeper insight into the relationship between writers and readers and into the written culture in which the rune-stones were produced. The present study treats runic carvings as multimodal texts in which different semiotic modes produce meaning by visual and verbal means. The roles played by runes in such texts are studied from three different perspectives. The empirical study in chapter 3 investigates how the verbal messages of the inscriptions interrelate with ornamental compositions. The most important convention found is that runic inscriptions usually start in the lower left part of the ornamental band in which they are inscribed. A second result is that there is a certain correlation between the visual and syntactic structure of runic texts. In chapter 4, Södermanlandic inscriptions employing more than one writing system are investigated. These carvings can be tied to a context of high social ambition in which at least two different, socially stratified discourses are expressed by means of the runes as a visual semiotic mode. Chapter 5 is devoted to non-lexical inscriptions, showing that such carvings are indeed runic texts despite their lack of verbal message. Different types of readers can use runic resources in different ways. Firstly, runes carry meaning independent of any verbal message, giving them significance even to illiterate readers. Secondly, literate readers can appreciate certain conventions of runic composition and, thirdly, one and the same runic text can be part of different discourses and hence be aimed at different kinds of readers.Disputationen sker på norska och svenska
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WELLISCH, CECILIA GUSMAO. « RUMOR OF ARCHIVE : ROSÁRIO FUSCO, C EST LA VIE ! » PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30012@1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRORumor de Arquivo: Rosário Fusco, c est la vie! encena por meio de arranjos, vozes e máquinas mediadoras, um trânsito entre O Agressor, obra de ficção de Rosário Fusco e a vida do escritor. Exploram-se, neste contexto, documentos de arquivo em torno do autor, especialmente inclinado ao recorte de cartas inéditas (e esparsas) - mantidas entre o mesmo e Mário de Andrade, de 1927 a 1940 - sempre a explorar e transformar privações, desvios, apagamentos, invariavelmente impostos à pesquisa biográfica, como nascedouro de invenções casadas com reflexões, acerca do objeto de pesquisa. Diante da ruína de arquivo, o autor, contaminado por sua personagem David, inscreve, no espaço ficcional, seu impulso desejante. Busca, assim, refazer o rastro – ou resistir ao inevitável mal que apaga a memória – deixando um traço de verdade. Ao seguir os passos da Crítica Biográfica, Rumor de Arquivo funda um teatro de, usando expressões de Eneida Maria de Souza e, secundariamente, de Philippe Lejeune, invenção e estetização da memória (...), mentindo-verdadeiramente.
Rumor de Arquivo: Rosário Fusco, c est la vie! stages by means of arrangements, voices and mediatory machines, a transit among the fictional work O Agressor by Fusco and the author s life. In this context, the author s archival documents are explored, aiming specially in a collection of unknown (and sparse) letters, traded between the author and Mário de Andrade, from 1927 to 1940, with the intent to explore and transform privations, deviations, deletions, which are invariably imposed on biographical research, as a source of inventions related to reflections over the object of research and its subsequent manifestations. Rosário Fusco s aggressor impels DAVID, the aggressor, to an open scene, exposed, a denouncer of the mediating voices; Standard, already re-harmonize and altered in its irrepressible virus. Facing a form of archive fever, as a trail is craved, a sparkle of truth ignites in contrast with inherent and unconditional restrictions. Following in the footsteps of Biographical Criticism, Rumor of Archive establishes a theater, and employing the expressions of Eneida Maria de Souza and secondly Philippe Lejeune, invention and aestheticization of memory (…) truthfully-lies.
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Sousa, Alexsandra dos Santos. « Rumor dos corpos : subjetividade e cultura em Al Berto ». Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ALDR-6WDGGF.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Elaborar um trajeto, transversal, pelas obras de Foucault, visualizando aqueles pontos dispostos acerca da linguagem e literatura; a fim de compor argumentos teóricos que permitiam compreender a obra de Al Berto. Nos rastros do sujeito, tomando como ponto de referência a cultura, entrecortada por uma escrita vinculada à sexualidade, ao desejo como fluxos que deixam pelo corpo seus vestígios, a poética albertina é traçada, com enfoque nas idéias de subjetividade e cultura. Em franco diálogo com Foucault, promove-se uma incursão pelas obras Deleuze e Blanchot a fim de alcançar os enunciados dispostos nos textos. Remonta-se, ainda, a autores representativos, principalmente para a cultura portuguesa, no que se refere à discussão acerca do sujeito e da linguagem, mas também da inserção do corpo na poesia. Esse trajeto passa por Hölderlin, Camões, Whitman, Pessoa, Cesário, até se alcançar os contemporâneos, entre eles Ana Cristina César que, como Al Berto, surge na década de 70. O enfoque principal do trabalho é assinalar, a partir do retorno da subjetividade em Al Berto, os rumos na literatura, em especial da poesia contemporânea.
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GODOY, MARIA ELIZABETH BUENO DE. « RUMOR AND REASON IN JEAN-PIERRE VERNANT AND MARCEL DETIENNE ». PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=25766@1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
O que queremos dizer quando falamos do homem grego? O singular cria um impasse diante da diversidade de situações, modos de vida e dos regimes políticos da história grega antiga. Este grego seria aquele dos tempos arcaicos, o herói homérico, o polites, ou o homem trágico do século V a.C? Através das reflexões e pesquisas dos helenistas Jean-Pierre Vernant e Marcel Detienne, o (homem grego) é apresentado em sua multiplicidade de facetas, fruto de suas relações com o divino, com a natureza, com os outros e consigo mesmo. Ao longo dos séculos VI e V a.C. os gregos desenvolveram práticas e reflexões acerca de sua identidade, práticas essas, pertinentes à construção do ideal figurado pelo que os autores definem como o mesmo. Seu par diametralmente oposto, o Outro, traduz os excessos. Em busca do ideal de conduta e virtude, o homem grego olha para este outro em si; aquele que precisa ser olhado de frente. Da leitura de Vernant e Detienne, numa construção reflexiva que parte do modelo de homem da epopéia de Homero àquele problematizado na tragédia Ática, delineia-se neste estudo, não o grego como foi em si, mas o grego tal como aparece para estes helenistas, neste incessante ir e vir da alteridade.
What does one mean when speaking of the Greek man? Singularity brings an obstacle due to the diversity of situations, ways of life and the politics along Greek ancient history. Would that be the man from archaic times, the Homer hero, the polites, or the tragic man of the fifth century B.C? Trough the reflexions and researches of both Hellenists, Jean-Pierre Vernant and Marcel Detienne, the (Greek man) is presented in its multiplicity of facets, result of its relations with the divine, the nature, with others and with itself. Along the sixth and fifth centuries before our Era, Greeks developed practices and reflexions about their identity, practices concerned to the construction of an ideal, figured at what authors define as the Equal. Its opposite, the Other, figures the excess. In search for the ideal of behavior and virtue, the Greek man looks for this other within itself; the one who needs to be faced. In both authors readings trough a constructive reflexion, from the man presented in Homer s epic poems to the one subject of the Attic tragedy, we figure out in this study, not the Greek like he used to be, but the one how it appears to be both Hellenists, in this constant come and go fo alterity.
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Singh, J. P., A. Kumar, Nripendra P. Rana et Y. K. Dwivedi. « Attention-based LSTM network for rumor veracity estimation of tweets ». Springer, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17942.
Texte intégralRésumé :
YesTwitter has become a fertile place for rumors, as information can spread to a large number of people immediately. Rumors can mislead public opinion, weaken social order, decrease the legitimacy of government, and lead to a significant threat to social stability. Therefore, timely detection and debunking rumor are urgently needed. In this work, we proposed an Attention-based Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) network that uses tweet text with thirteen different linguistic and user features to distinguish rumor and non-rumor tweets. The performance of the proposed Attention-based LSTM model is compared with several conventional machine and deep learning models. The proposed Attention-based LSTM model achieved an F1-score of 0.88 in classifying rumor and non-rumor tweets, which is better than the state-of-the-art results. The proposed system can reduce the impact of rumors on society and weaken the loss of life, money, and build the firm trust of users with social media platforms.
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Palm, Rune. « Runor och regionalitet : studier av variation i de nordiska minneskrifterna / ». Uppsala : Uppsala Univ, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35749223g.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Doktorsavhandling--Institutionen för nordiska språk--Stockholm, 1992.Mention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : Runes and regionality : studies of variation in the Scandinavian commemorative inscriptions. Résumé en anglais.
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Palm, Rune. « Runor och regionalitet : studier av variation i de nordiska minnesinskrifterna ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Humanistiska fakulteten, 1992. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-106869.
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Custódio, Raquel Cardoso de Farias e. « O rumor como frêmito em relatos de Augusto Roa Bastos ». Florianópolis, SC, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/93127.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-graduação em LiteraturaMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-24T17:06:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 268491.pdf: 593748 bytes, checksum: aa322ab8d41e13c28134b1cd3df849fb (MD5)
Esse trabalho tece algumas considerações sobre características do conto roabastiano de acordo com alguns teóricos e contistas latino-americanos, suas aproximações e afastamentos, que o fazem um contista destacado não só do Cone Sul. Considero a "poética das variações" uma maneira singular de Augusto Roa Bastos, ao tratar seus textos, como traço que atravessa toda sua obra. Observando também como o rumor, segundo princípios de Roland Barthes, apresenta-se como meio de significação e fruição do texto.O silêncio e a dualidade configuram duas características que podem ser consideradas como vias do rumor e proporcionam o frêmito da leitura. No corpo da dissertação se encontra dissolvida a análise de "Contar un cuento", do livro El Baldio (1963), que serve como referência do gesto roabastiano com respeito ao conto. Também faço referencia ao romance Contravida (1995) para tentar fundamentar alguns mecanismos roabastianos relativos a sua escritura como "poética das variações". Quanto ao silêncio e à dualidade, analiso três contos, "La tumba viva", "Nonato" y "Borrador de un informe", destacando em cada um as características que mais convergem para as vias do rumor, e possibilitam diferentes fruições do texto.
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Paula, João Miguel Pulquério de. « Falar por trás das costas : o boato e o rumor no seio de pequenos grupos, parte da integração ou fator de exclusão ? » Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/22649.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Uma atenta observação permite constatar que os boatos e rumores são fenómenos sociais que influem decisivamente na dinâmica dos grupos sociais. Destes grupos, opta-se por observar o quotidiano–laboral, um setting cada vez mais fluido que se analisa sob o referencial do Interacionismo Simbólico. Metodologicamente, esta investigação integra-se no Paradigma Qualitativo, tendo sido efetuadas entrevistas semidiretivas a Professores Universitários, Enfermeiros e Técnicos Superiores, para, nessa triangulação, melhor aferir o escopo, importância e consequências desta problemática. Especificamente, a problemática que se objetiva investigar são os processos de integração no grupo, caracterizado por movimentos dicotómicos de in e out, que estes discursos invisíveis facilitam ou obstaculizam. Conclui-se que o boato é um discurso que age sub-repticiamente no devir social, sendo fator fulcral no processo de osmose grupal. É um fenómeno ambivalente e transversal, que está presente de forma indefetível na inclusão, mas sobretudo em trajetórias exclusivas do ator face ao grupo;
ABSTRACT: A close observation finds that gossip and rumors are social phenomenon’s that have a decisive influence on the dynamics of social groups. Under the framework of Symbolic Interaction, the increasingly fluid professional setting was observed and analyzed. The methodology used is within the Qualitative Paradigm whereby University Teachers, Nurses and Technicians were interviewed to triangulate and better assess the scope, significance and consequences of this problem. Specifically, the problematic that we aim to investigate is the integration process in the group, characterized by dichotomous movements of in and out, that these invisible speeches facilitate or hinder. Conclusions state that gossip is a discourse that acts surreptitiously in social life, being a pivotal factor in “group osmosis”. It is an ambivalent and transversal phenomenon, which is present in actor’s integration processes, but, especially, in exclusive trajectories from the group.
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Gaeta, Kellie. « Rumour transmission in an intergroup context : the role of valence, group content and relationship with the target recipient / ». [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18560.pdf.
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Pettersson, Kristina. « En studie i lustfyllt lärande i år 5-6 om runor ». Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Arts, Craft and Design, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6334.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Syftet med studien var att jag skulle få djupare kunskap om min egen undervisning och vad som påverkar elevers lärande, samtidigt som jag ställde mig frågorna vad som bidrar till ett lustfyllt lärande för eleverna, vad som påverkar undervisningen så att eleverna tycker det är roligt att lära sig och varför det blev mer lustfyllt och roligt att lära sig i arbetet om runor.
Metoden jag använt mig av är av både kvalitativ karaktär, där jag själv har varit med som lärare i undersökningen, och kvantitativ karaktär, där ett resultat av elevernas svar har redovisats i en enkät. Undersökningen bygger på en dokumentation av ett arbetsområde om runor och en enkät utformad med 28 stycken s.k. skalfrågor.
Resultatet av enkäten visar på att 91 % av eleverna var positiva till arbetet med runor vilket kunde bero på variationen i arbetssätt och metoder och att eleverna använt alla sinnen under tiden de arbetat om runor. Eleverna har arbetat både teoretiskt (55 % positiva) och praktiskt (98 % positiva) vilket visar på att eleverna har blivit tillgodosedda avseende sin individuella intelligens som Gardner (2000) menar varje människa har.
Det har varit spännande och givande att studera ingående vad jag gjort och vilken effekt mitt handlande har givit. Det är inte ofta jag har tid att analysera och följa upp min undervisning på det sätt jag kunnat göra här. Jag ser på resultatet att det är viktigt att jag stannar upp och tänker efter och reflekterar över undervisningens vad, hur, varför, när och var.
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Stille, Leif. « Samband mellan hällbilder och runor ? : Samlokaliseringar och gemensamma symboliseringar av levnadsvärlden ». Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-46487.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Författaren till denna uppsats har ett brett allmänt intresse av alla tänkbara relationer mellan hällbilder och runor ur ett vitt spektrum av aspekter såsom kronologiska, kulturella, epokmässiga, geografiska, semiotiska, språkfunktionella och skrifthistoriska. Särskilt intressant vore att kartlägga och analysera, hur hällbilder och runor kan symboliskt uttrycka religiösa, rituella, kosmologiska och livsåskådningsmässiga föreställningar och ideal. Andra viktiga faktorer, som måste beaktas, är kulturkontinuitet och hur forntidens människor såg på sina ännu äldre föregångares kultur, föreställningar och livsföring. Uppsatsen måste dock begränsa sig att främst behandla två specialområden dels lokaler med överlappande förekomster av hällristningar och runor, dels en jämförelse mellan runnamnens semantiska sfärer och symboliseringar av väsentliga delar i livsvärlden hos de mest frekventa skandinaviska hällbildsfigurstyperna. De frågor uppsatsen vill besvara är primärt: 1/ Vilka samlokaliseringar av hällbilder och runor finns det? 2/ Verkar runinskrifterna på dessa samlokaliseringar kommentera eller anspela på hällbilderna och i så fall hur? 3/ Vilka semantiska sfärer representerar runnamnen och vilka komponenter i de dåtida människornas levnadsvärld refererar de till? 4/ Finns det hällbildsfigurer, som rimligen kan sägas symbolisera samma levnadsvärldskomponenter som runorna? För att besvara dessa frågor presenteras: A/ fem samlokaliseringar av hällbilder och runor; B/ tolkningar av samspelet mellan de fem lokalernas hällbilder och runor; C/ en genomgång av de äldre runnamnens betydelser; D/ förslag på hällbildsfigurer, som symboliskt skulle motsvara runnamnen. En angenäm effekt av denna uppsats vore, om den kunde leda till en rekategorisering av hällbildernas motiv och symboler utifrån runsystemets förutsatta levnadsvärld och kosmologi..The author of this thesis has a broad general interest in all imaginable relations between rock art and runes out of a wide spectrum of aspects such as cronological, cultural, epochic, geografic, semiotic, linguistic and the history of writing. It would be specially interesting to describe (map down) and analyse how rock art and runes in a symbolic way can express beliefs and ideals out of a religious, ritual and cosmological conception of life. Other important considerations are continuity of culture and how ancient people looked at the culture, beliefs, ideas and living of their ancesters. This thesis has to be limited to deal with two areas, firstly lokacations with overlapping occurrence of rock art and runes and secondly a comparison of the semantic sphere of the names of the runes and symbolizations of important parts of life that can be seen in the most frequently occurring Scandinavian types of rock art figures. The thesis primarily wants to answer the following questions: 1) Which common localisations of rock art and runes are there? 2) Do the runes in these colocalization seem to comment or allude to the rock art? If so, in what way? 3) Which semantic spheres do the names of the runes represent and to which components in the life world of the ancient people do they refere? 4) Are there rock art figures who probably can be said to symbolize the same components of life world as the runes? To answer these questions I will present: A) five common lokalisations of rock art and runes. B) interpretations of the interaction of the rock art and runes in these five lokalisations. C) a catalogue of the meanings of the names of the older runes. D) proposals concerning rock art figures which in a symbolic way could correspond the rune names. A pleasant effect of this thesis would be, if it could leed to a recategorization of the motives and symbols of rock art from the provided life world and cosmology of the runes.
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Breuklander, Bo. « Responding to a Rumor : How Crisis Response Strategies Influence Relationship Outcomes ». Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5450.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study investigated the effects of crisis communication messaging strategies on the relationship between an organization and its key publics. This study found that none of the strategies tested had a significant impact on the relationship between an organization and its publics, however some strategies consistently influenced a relationship more than others.
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Andersson, Lina. « Runornas och Rökstenens historia : En litteraturgenomgång ». Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Humanities (HUM), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-4369.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Uppsatsen ger en överblick över runornas bakgrund och forskning kring runorna och dels att ge en beskrivning av rökstenen och dess historia samt olika forskares tolkningar av stenen. Uppsatsen avslutas med en analys och diskussion av rökstenens olika tolkares förklaring av stenens skrift
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Kaizad, Kohyar. « Responses to broken promises : an examination of psychological contract breach and rumour transmission / ». [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19237.pdf.
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Stenson, Nicholas. « Personality matters ! : investigating the role of psychological contract breach, revenge cognitions, and individual differences in rumour transmission / ». [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19297.pdf.
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Na, Kilhoe. « How Emotions Shape Belief in Rumor : Testing Two Mechanisms of the Emotional Congruence Hypothesis ». The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1561629848508872.
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Miles, Michelle. « Levees, looters and lawlessness : Race, rumor & ; the framing of Hurricane Katrina ». Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3315782.
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Berger, Moya Flavia, et C. Sofía Otero. « Rumor : Por la Razón o la Fuerza. Formas de construcción del discurso público ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2002. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144868.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Seminario de investigación para optar al grado de licenciado en comunicación social1990. Muchas cosas pasaban. Chile recuperaba la democracia y un nuevo país se estaba tejiendo. Es un período frágil, y como un niño debe protegerse de cualquier exposición al riesgo. El futuro de la transición política era incierto. Durante los primeros años de la década una serie acciones de mano de fracciones reaccionarias de extrema izquierda estaban desequilibrando el sistema. Capítulos como el asesinato del senador Jaime Guzmán, el secuestro de Cristián Edwards, hijo del dueño de El Mercurio, y la captura de una familia absolutamente corriente en Ñuñoa hacia 1992, funcionaron como ultimátumes al orden y cernieron la amenaza sobre todos los ciudadanos. La paranoia colectiva estaba resquebrajando a la democracia, al niño que tanto costó parir. Y se produce la demonización de la infancia, que es justamente lo que se quiere proteger, al niño como bandera de lo que está naciendo. Xuxa no podía haber llegado en mejor momento. No es casual que la sensual cantante apareciera en plena refundación del país. Ni que sus lúdicos cantos brasileños encarnaran la amenaza en un ambiente de fuerte nacionalismo. Mientras la transición permaneciese en la incubadora, era de vital importancia que se articulara fuertemente en la sociedad el discurso familiar, la protección a la infancia y la condición moral. A partir de la psicosis colectiva todos son posibles sospechosos y la comunidad busca protección. Bajo esa perspectiva, todo lo que signifique control va a estar legitimado por la paranoia ambiente, y eso significa conculcar los derechos civiles. Y nadie se va a negar, los ciudadanos quieren que haya control y entregan a los gobernantes la posibilidad de controlar a cualquier precio.
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Uhrnell, Siri. « Att påverka en samhällsdebatt : En retorisk studie av organisationen Ruter Dams strategiska kommunikation ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för retorik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-218156.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Det har aldrig varit så lätt att uttrycka sin åsikt och samtidigt så svårt att faktiskt göra sin röst hörd som det är idag. För att nå ut med sin åsikt måste man uttrycka sig på rätt sätt och i rätt forum. Den här uppsatsen granskar hur man kan påverka en samhällsdebatt genom strategisk kommunikation och uppnå en förändring som kommer från publiken man riktar sig till. Uppsatsen sammanför retorik med strategisk kommunikation och undersöker specifikt hur organisationen Ruter Dam arbetar för att påverka jämställdhet inom svenskt näringsliv. Analysen åskådliggör hur Ruter Dam arbetar mot ett jämställt näringsliv med utgångspunkt i den retoriska situationen, publiker, core message och stakeholders. Slutsatser som dras är att genom tydligt avgränsade publiker, en argumentation som tar utgångspunkt i ethos och ett core message som genomsyrar kommunikationen kan Ruter Dams kommunikation uppfattas som effektiv och dess styrkor visar sig också vara dess svagheter. Det kan också fastslås att Ruter Dams strategiska kommunikation är ett bra exempel på hur man kan arbeta med strategisk kommunikation för att uppnå en förändring som kommer från publiken den riktar sig till.
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Smith, Gregory S. « Impact of rule accuracy on productivity and communication in an organizational analog ». abstract and full text PDF (free order & ; download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1453611.
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Baudin, Thierry. « Etude Géologique du Massif du Ruitor ( Alpes Franco-italiennes) : évolution structurale d'un socle briançonnais ». Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00539864.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette étude structurale est fondée sur la cartographie au 1/10 000 du massif du Ruitor qui constitute le socle de la zone houillère briançonnaise (Alpes franco-Italiennes). Ce socle est constitué par une série gréso-pélitique à tendance grauwackeuse très proche de celle du Grand-Saint-Bernard, de Vanoise méridionale et d' Ambin. Dans ces métasédiments, sont tnterstratifiés ou injectés suivant les cas un complexe de roches vertes rubanées de nature tholéitique, une population d'orthogneiss oeillés d'origine anatectique et de rares niveaux kératophyriques. L'ensemble de ces roches a subi avant le carbonifère supérieur (« Houil[er ») une déformatlon et un métamorphisme de faciès amphibolitique puis schiste vert HT ou amphibolite BT bien que la paragenèse des roches acides, stable dans ces faciès, puisse être magmatique. Au Carbonifère supérieur, le Ruitor était sans doute très proche de la bordure orientale du bassin Houiller et soumis à une tectonique distensive qui a permis l'intrusion de filons ovarditiques stéphano-permiens. Pendant l'orogenèse alpine, outre le charriage des Sçhistes lustrés directement sur le socle, la tectonique se décompose en 5 phases majeures qui sont: D1, le pincement des Schistes lustrés, D2,D3 et D4. - D1 s'est déroulée sous des conditions de hautes pressions et a développé une forte structure linéo-planaire F1/L1 à glaucophane-clinozoïte jusqu'ici, uniquement repérable dans le socle. F1 est postérieur à une première génération de glaucophane. L1 est orienté NW-SE. L'âge de D1 par rapport au charriage et au pincement des Schistes lustrés demeure inconnu. Il pourrait être Crétacé sup. ou Eocène. - Le pincement des Schistes lustrés (synclinal d'Avise) entre deux blocs de socle résulte d'un rêtrochevauchement précoce (anté-mésoalpin) montrant un rejet minimum de 8 km. La pincée de Schistes lustrés a une forme en biseau ouvert vers l'Est dont l'axe de fermeture était initialement orienté N-S. Les pincées de Schistes lustrés du Val de Rhèmes et du Valsavaranche pourraient bien avoir une origine analogue. - La déformatlon plicative et cisalliante D2 a affecté l'ensemble des unités du Ruitor (y compris la pincée de Schistes lustrés) et a transposé tous les contacts et foliations antérieures. Le plissement P2, d'échelle plurihectométrique d'axe NNE-SSW et de vergence WNW a développé une structure linéo-planaire très pénétrative F2/L2 (L2 = WNW) qui constitue le débit principal de la roche. D2 s'est déroulée dans un faciès schiste vert, probablement mésoalpin (Eocène-Oligocène). Il est possible que D1 et D2 ne forment qu'une seule et même phase progressive sous des pressions sans cesse décroissantes. - Le plissement P3 ayant pour plan axial une crénulatlon S3, s'inscrit dans la structure d'un grand pli régional. Le Ruitor en forme le flanc supérieur et l'amorce de la charnière. L'axe général de P3 est NE-SW et la vergençe NW, mais certains plis mineurs P3 montrent dans l'Est du massif une orientation WNW. P3 est antérieur aux dernières cristallisations d'albite et serait par conséquent tardi-mésoalpin (Oilgocène inf.), Des structures d'extension (ECC) tardi-D3 indiquent un déplacement de matière vers le WNW et pourrait être associé à un dernier chevauchement majeur repéré dans le Houiller du col du Petit Saint Bernard. Le plissement P4, très tardif, ne forme qu'une vaste ondulation d'axe ESE-WNW à plan axial subvertical. Dans un dernier chapitre, on considère l'hypothèse ou, malgré les apparences, P3 constituerait le flanc Inverse d'un vaste pli de rétrocharriage. L'orientation initiale des structures antérieures serait alors : P2: ENE-WSW et vergence NNW et l'axe de fermeture des Schistes lustrés E-W ; la pincée serait ouverte vers le Nord, ce qui éliminerait l'hypothèse développée dans ce travail, du rétrochevauchement précoce (anté-D2).
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Fouz, Mahmoud [Verfasser], et Benjamin [Akademischer Betreuer] Doerr. « Randomized rumor spreading in social networks and complete graphs / Mahmoud Fouz. Betreuer : Benjamin Doerr ». Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1052549861/34.
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Denny, Melany Patrice. « An analog study of the impact of rule accuracy on rumor in organizational settings ». abstract and full text PDF (free order & ; download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433300.
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Zaman, Tauhid R. « Information extraction with network centralities : finding rumor sources, measuring influence, and learning community structure ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70410.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-197).
Network centrality is a function that takes a network graph as input and assigns a score to each node. In this thesis, we investigate the potential of network centralities for addressing inference questions arising in the context of large-scale networked data. These questions are particularly challenging because they require algorithms which are extremely fast and simple so as to be scalable, while at the same time they must perform well. It is this tension between scalability and performance that this thesis aims to resolve by using appropriate network centralities. Specifically, we solve three important network inference problems using network centrality: finding rumor sources, measuring influence, and learning community structure. We develop a new network centrality called rumor centrality to find rumor sources in networks. We give a linear time algorithm for calculating rumor centrality, demonstrating its practicality for large networks. Rumor centrality is proven to be an exact maximum likelihood rumor source estimator for random regular graphs (under an appropriate probabilistic rumor spreading model). For a wide class of networks and rumor spreading models, we prove that it is an accurate estimator. To establish the universality of rumor centrality as a source estimator, we utilize techniques from the classical theory of generalized Polya's urns and branching processes. Next we use rumor centrality to measure influence in Twitter. We develop an influence score based on rumor centrality which can be calculated in linear time. To justify the use of rumor centrality as the influence score, we use it to develop a new network growth model called topological network growth. We find that this model accurately reproduces two important features observed empirically in Twitter retweet networks: a power-law degree distribution and a superstar node with very high degree. Using these results, we argue that rumor centrality is correctly quantifying the influence of users on Twitter. These scores form the basis of a dynamic influence tracking engine called Trumor which allows one to measure the influence of users in Twitter or more generally in any networked data. Finally we investigate learning the community structure of a network. Using arguments based on social interactions, we determine that the network centrality known as degree centrality can be used to detect communities. We use this to develop the leader-follower algorithm (LFA) which can learn the overlapping community structure in networks. The LFA runtime is linear in the network size. It is also non-parametric, in the sense that it can learn both the number and size of communities naturally from the network structure without requiring any input parameters. We prove that it is very robust and learns accurate community structure for a broad class of networks. We find that the LFA does a better job of learning community structure on real social and biological networks than more common algorithms such as spectral clustering.
by Tauhid R. Zaman.
Ph.D.
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Baudin, Thierry. « Etude géologique du massif du Ruitor (Alpes franco-italiennes) évolution structurale d'un socle briançonnais / ». Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602718v.
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Ewing, Tabetha Leigh. « Rumor and foreign politics in Louis XV's Paris during the War of Austrian Succession / ». Ann Arbor : ProQuest/UMI, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb402255166.
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Cail, Marion A. « The Dissemination of Rumor among the Cherokees and their Neighbors in the Eighteenth Century ». W&M ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626270.
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Biggs, Jenny Catherine. « Rumor mongering : scapegoating techniques for social cohesion and coping among the Japanese-Americans in United States internment camps during World War II ». Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85989.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis examines the linkages between the verbal response to social stress,
the ostracism of individuals from a social group, and the subsequent increased cohesion
of the remaining members. To write the thesis, I utilized these printed references in the
forms of scholarly research, journals, diaries, and interviews primarily from the Texas
A&M Sterling Evans Library and the online journal resource JSTOR as well as a video
documentary. Previous research into the genres of rumor, identity, and scapegoat
accusations are explicated. Then, these approaches are applied to the rumors told by the
Japanese-Americans who were removed from their homes and sent to internment camps
in the United States during World War II. The internment camps were rife with
scapegoat accusations between the internees whose once unified culture group was
fissured along lines of loyalty to the United States or to Japan. These scapegoat
accusations against fellow internees were an outlet for the stress exerted upon them by
the American government that was not directly combatable. Even processes as complicated as changing social dynamics can be observed through the mechanisms of
rumors and scapegoat accusations.
41
Bai, Minghan. « Exploring the Dynamics of Rumors on Social Media in the Chinese Context ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-185146.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Rumors always trigger public panic in China, while the advanced Internet technology has tremendously influenced the daily life of the Chinese. Thus, the dynamics of rumor spreading via the social media in China are worthwhile discussing. In order to fulfill the aim of this research, one of the prevalent Chinese social media sites, the Sina microblog, is introduced and analyzed within the context of the salt-buying frenzy incident that occurred in China in 2011. Various theoretical approaches, from the sociological and media studies perspectives, are introduced to form the framework for analysis. The relevant data and materials were collected via questionnaires with Chinese Internet users, while previous academic research and publications provide supportive materials. From the analysis of this social media site and contemporary Chinese circumstances, it was seen that the Guanxi network extended and enlarged the influence of online rumors to offline Chinese. In other words, the Guanxi network, expanded by social media, can be considered as the most important part of the dynamic process of rumor spreading in China. However, the openness and freedom of the Internet atmosphere were found to be the main factors in eliminating online rumors.
42
Karlsson, Thomas. « Götisk kabbala och runisk alkemi Johannes Bureus och den götiska esoterismen / ». Stockholm : Institutionen för etnologi, religionshistoria och genusstudier, Stockholms universitet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-37152.
Texte intégral
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Kelley, Stephanie R. « Rumors in Iraq a guide to winning hearts and minds ». Thesis, Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1399.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThis thesis proposes the study of rumor as a guide to the battle for hearts and minds in Iraq. It reviews existing rumor theory to identify how rumors function and what we can learn from them. Rumors often serve as a window into a community, and can provide valuable information for developing a campaign to assess, monitor, and gain the support necessary to defeat insurgents. This thesis employs two distinct typologies to analyze over ten months of rumors in Baghdad, Iraq. The motivation typology provides indications of Iraqi sentiment, and suggests unrelieved anxiety and fear is likely contributing to widespread hostility towards the US-led Coalition. Indications of unrealistic expectations are also evident, potentially contributing to hostility levels as they go unrealized. The subject typology identifies overarching concerns of the Iraqi people, and suggests there are specific fears inhibiting cooperation with US counterinsurgency efforts. This thesis then examines rumor remedies. Because they rely on effective communication skills, American and Arab cultural communication styles are contrasted and integrated into tailored remedies for Iraq. The findings in this thesis could assist Coalition information campaigns by alerting them to existing Iraqi perceptions so they can tailor messages to address significant concerns and fears.
Captain, United States Air Force
44
Boyer, Micah Naoum. « Perceptions of AIDS and AIDS Education in Rural Benin : A Case Study in the Collines Department ». Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193248.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis presents the findings of a small-scale, qualitative study of attitudes toward AIDS and AIDS education campaigns in the village of Sota in central Benin. Through a language ideology framework, this study reviews the overlap and disparity between AIDS discourse and other systems of meaning in Sota, particularly rumors and religious beliefs. The portrait that emerges from this analysis of the social construction of AIDS by multiple discourses suggests that the impact of AIDS education may be limited only in part because the intended recipients fail to understand the information being provided. More importantly, the context and underlying assumptions of educational presentations about HIV/AIDS are not formulated in ways that are compatible with, or directly meaningful to, lived experience.
45
Orina, Deborah Moraa. « A critical evaluation of the cases of Kenyatta and Ruto before the International Criminal Court ». University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4391.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Magister Legum - LLMThe International Criminal Court (hereafter ‘ICC’ or ‘the Court’), in its fight against impunity is slated to put on trial, in conformity with Article 27 of the Rome Statute1, an incumbent Head of State and his Deputy for crimes under Article 7 of the Statute. The President and Deputy President of the Republic of Kenya are currently accused of crimes against humanity before the ICC, for acts of violence perpetrated in the wake of the December 2007 presidential and parliamentary elections. This research is a study of the ICC’s conceptual framework and positive implementation of its mandate with respect to prosecuting Kenya’s top leaders. By critically evaluating the cases against President Kenyatta and Deputy President Ruto, this research aims to assess the feasibility of such high-profile cases which have, in part, contributed to the hostility surrounding the Court in its fight against impunity. To this end, the factual and legal background, as well as the political context of the cases will be discussed.
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Silva, Daniel Antônio Mendonça da. « Modelos estocásticos para disseminação de informação ». Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3600.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2014-11-13T16:45:09Z
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Dissertação - Daniel Antônio Mendonça da Silva - 2013.pdf: 1681960 bytes, checksum: 045f2940a2c8539d589a5c6227cf55e6 (MD5)
license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2014-11-13T16:45:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Daniel Antônio Mendonça da Silva - 2013.pdf: 1681960 bytes, checksum: 045f2940a2c8539d589a5c6227cf55e6 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-13T16:45:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Daniel Antônio Mendonça da Silva - 2013.pdf: 1681960 bytes, checksum: 045f2940a2c8539d589a5c6227cf55e6 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-23
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This work has the main objective to study a of the propagation of information sets N e Z:We consider three models of spreading information. The first model takes into account the power of each individual in transmitting information. The second model takes into account the power of every individual to receive information. In the third model this power is given by the amount of life and the probability that individuals have to jump right.
O trabalho tem como objetivo principal, o estudo da propagação de uma informação sobre os conjuntos N e Z: Consideramos três modelos de propagação da informação. O primeiro modelo leva em conta o poder de cada indivíduo em transmitir uma informação. O segundo modelo leva em conta o poder de cada indivíduo em receber informação. No terceiro modelo este poder é dado pela quantidade de vida e pelas probabilidades que os indivíduos têm de saltar para direita.
47
Ousbäck, Fredrik. « Rökstenens och futharkens platonska kosmologi : Spåren av antikens idégods hos järnålderns skandinaviska krigarelit ». Thesis, Linköping University, Department for Studies of Social Change and Culture, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12506.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Denna uppsats gör framför allt en textanalys av Rökstenen baserad på en modern historiesyn av den sena järnålderns förhållanden i Skandinavien. Med en sådan kontexuell bakgrund kan ett sameuropeiskt, senantikt idégods användas i en komparativ analys. Utgångspunkten är att Rökstenen manifisterar ett kosmologiskt budskap och att denna kosmologi är en variant av den under perioden alenarådande platonska harmoniska kosmologin. Även futharken analyseras från samma utgångspunkt.
48
Jordan, Timothy P. « A Sociological Examination of Gossip in an Increasingly Technological Era ». Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1321.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis advisor: Ted GaiserThis study explores the alteration of gossip as a result of new technology. Specifically, this study examines the social implications of Facebook, a popular social networking website, on college students using the Boston College undergraduate population as a lens to study the college student population in general. Drawing from the theories of Simmel, Mead, and Goffman, and others, I outline how college students present themselves on Facebook’s online environment. I employed a mixed-method research approach, collecting data from a survey of Boston College undergraduates and, subsequently, conducting a series of in-depth face-to-face interviews in order to gain an understanding of how Facebook altered the social scene and, specifically, how Facebook affects gossip. Facebook is a communication tool widely used by college students in order to present themselves online and maintain relationships. I found that due to the pervasive nature of Facebook, in junction with the simplicity of posting information about oneself and others on Facebook, an important shift occurs in which private matters are publicized to a large audience. This shift facilitates the flow of gossip amongst college students
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2010
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Sociology Honors Program
Discipline: Sociology
49
Naser, Md Abu. « INTERMEDIA AGENDA-SETTING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN POLITICAL BLOGS AND LEGACY NEWS MEDIA : A STUDY OF THE `OBAMA-IS-A-MUSLIM' RUMOR ». OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/843.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A number of incidents such as the "Obama-is-a-Muslim" rumor during the 2008 presidential election suggest that influential political blogs are playing a major role in setting the agenda of the legacy media. The power of the political blogosphere is forcing media practitioners, communication scholars and political theorists to re-conceptualize how issues arrive on the political and public agenda. This new phenomenon challenges the fundamental assumptions of agenda-setting theory to the extent that the 42-year old model, including the notion of a shared public agenda, should be reevaluated. By situating news agenda research within a larger intellectual context of agenda setting, this dissertation explored the intermedia agenda-setting relationship between political blogs and legacy news media, such as newspapers, network TV, and cable TV channels. Analyzing the contents count data of political blogs and legacy media and Internet Search Volume Index (SVI) data, this dissertation explored how coverage of a certain issue by top-ranking and influential political blogs may predict the coverage of the same issue by legacy news media. Employing a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, the results of the study revealed that political blogs significantly predicted the coverage of the legacy media on the "Obama-is-a-Muslim" rumor over a period of five days. The results also showed that the coverage of the rumor by both the political blogs and legacy media significantly predicted the level of Internet searches related to the rumor on all five days. The study also found positive and statistically significant correlations between the coverage by the political blogs and legacy media on the Obama-is-a-Muslim rumor and the volume of Internet searches on that rumor. The correlation was high on day 1, and decreased on each subsequent day. The study also found bi-directional agenda-setting relationships between the coverage of the political blogs and legacy media on the `Obama-is-a-Muslim' rumor. However, there was hardly any bi-directional relationship between the coverage of political blogs of the rumor and the volume of Internet searches related to the rumor. Although, the study found bi-directional relationship between the coverage of the legacy media on the rumor and the volume of Internet searched related to the rumor, the relationship faded away quickly. However, the study findings suggest that the perceived power of political blogs should be seen as trivial and ephemeral while that of the legacy news media should be seen as substantial and indelible in setting the public agenda. These findings may broaden our understanding of intermedia agenda-setting.
50
Holm, Carita. « Sexuella runinskrifter ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-201511.
Texte intégralRésumé :
De sexuella runinskrifterna på lösföremål i det medeltida Norden har ett fascinerande innehåll och ordval. Mig veterligt finns inget samlat verk sedan tidigare om dessa, vilket gör att jag med min uppsats kan bredda runologin i det avseendet. Här går jag igenom sexuella inskrifter, tolkningar och översättningar samt diskuterar skriftbruket i en tid då runskriften levde sida vid sida med latinskrift. Syftet har varit att vara så rakt på sak som möjligt i presentationen av runinskrifterna. Materialet innefattar ett 50-tal inskrifter, vilka finns samlade i ett inskriftsregister längst bak. Futharkinskrifternas dubbla budskap, fuþ för <fuþark> eller fvn. fuð 'fitta', måste ha varit allmänt känt blandrunristarna. Det övriga materialet, direkt sexuella anspelningar med ett explicit språkbruk, med ord som betyder 'kuk', 'fitta' och 'rövknulla', är en relativt liten del som ytterligare tydliggör det grafittirelaterade syftet med ristningarna.