Thèses sur le sujet « Rural settlement geography »
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1
Neave, Susan. « Rural settlement contraction in the East Riding of Yorkshire c.1660-1760 with particular reference to the Bainton Beacon division ». Thesis, University of Hull, 1990. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4575.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Although evidence of settlement contraction in the form of earthworks and empty house sites is to be found throughout England, the timing and causes of village 'shrinkage' have received little attention from historians. This thesis examines the occurrence and causes of settlement contraction in an area of the East Riding of Yorkshire between the mid 17th century and mid 18th century. Nationally this was a period when general population stagnation coincided with marked urban expansion suggesting widespread rural depopulation. A comparison of the number of households or families in rural townships in the East Riding in the 1670s and 1740s confirms a substantial drop in the size of many settlements. Using detailed documentary material relating to individual townships the possible causes of settlement contraction are explored. Epidemic disease, the implementation of the 'settlement acts', agrarian reorganization, agricultural depression, and migration and urban growth all contributed to decline in village population, but this study concludes that the primary factor for determining the occurrence and extent of contraction was the nature of landownership in individual settlements. Two chapters are devoted to examining the physical impact which contraction had upon settlements showing that, whilst the 'shrunken' village was the most common outcome, desertion of villages between 1660 and 1760 also occurred. The study concludes by providing evidence for rural depopulation at this period elsewhere in England, and demonstrates that the experience of the East Riding was far from unusual.
2
Kaffash, Mohammed Ashrafian. « The relationship between rural settlement pattern, water supply and land use in the Khorasan district of Iran between the mid 1960s and the mid 1970s ». Thesis, Durham University, 1987. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7079/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis examines the relationship between settlement patterns, water supply and land use in the Khorasan Province of Iran. In particulars the work concentrates on the period between 1966 and 1976 as most of the original material has been derived from the censuses of those years and also from the associated village gazetteers. Considerable time has been expended translating the raw data into complex settlement maps and these form a key link throughout the text. The thesis begins by considering traditional settlement location theories and introduces some discussion as to their appropriateness far Iran. After some methodological considerations, the main body of the work begins in Chapter 3 with some discussion of the impact of physical factors on settlement location. This is followed by two key chapters which take the physical theme further with a detailed consideration of the relationship between settlement locations and the dynamics of water supply. Chapter 6 returns to the theme of settlement patterns with further consideration of spatial arrangement and settlement densities. The next three chapters examine the human aspects of settlement dynamics more fully with discussion of the impacts of land reform, agricultural land use and population trends respectively. The final chapter concludes the thesis and tries to reconsider the validity of some of the theoretical comments of Chapter 1.The general conclusion demonstrates that since the 1960s there has been a movement towards some degree of potential settlement order and a number of explanations for this are put forward.
3
Castro, Eduardo. « O significado do trabalho na constituição da territorialidade dos assentados da Fazenda Ipanema, Iperó-SP ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-06052008-114916/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar como se realizam os processos de espacialização e de territorialização das famílias assentadas na Fazenda Ipanema, localizada no município de Iperó-SP. Para alcançar tal objetivo, elegemos o trabalho como categoria central de nosso estudo. Trata-se de uma categoria fundamental na análise marxista e que está intimamente ligada com a vida, em sentido amplo, para as populações camponesas. A partir da descrição e análise das formas diversas de trabalho encontradas entre as famílias assentadas, realizadas seja no campo ou na cidade, avançamos no entendimento de como o espaço do lote e do assentamento é apropriado e construído pelos assentados, constituindo um território camponês em construção. A partir da luta pela terra e por manter-se nesta, trabalhando e vivendo com suas famílias, culminando no processo de territorialização, esse sujeito histórico, social e político se constitui como classe no contexto da formação social brasileira. Faz-se classe na medida em que se identifica com uma luta mais ampla, pela reforma agrária e por condições de vida e de trabalho dignas no meio rural. O caso estudado se insere no contexto da discussão sobre a reforma agrária e do papel do campesinato na sociedade moderna, bem como de sua luta pelo reconhecimento do Estado, via políticas públicas, da sua importância em nossa sociedade.The purpose of the present study is to examine how to carry out the process of spatialization and territorialisation of families settled in the Ipanema Farm, located in the city of Iperó, in São Paulo State. In order to achieve its objective, we chose labor as central category of our study. It is fundamental in the Marxist analysis and it is closely linked with life, in the broad sense, for the peasant populations. From the description and analysis of various forms of labor found among the settled families, held either in the field or in the city, we go further in the comprehension of how the area of both the lot and the settlement are appropriate and built by the settlers, are a peasant territory under construction. From the struggle for land and for keeping on that, working and living with their families, culminating in the process of territorialisation, this historical, social and political subject constitutes himself as a class in the context of Brazilian social constitution. It is class in that it identifies with a broader struggle for the land reform and worthy conditions of life and work in rural areas. The case studied is linked to the discussion on land reform and the role of peasantry in modern society as well as its struggle for recognition by the State, through public policies, of its importance in our society.
4
Mphaphuli, Shonisani Eunice. « 'A search for educational relevance' : an investigation into the teaching of the rural settlement component of the secondary school syllabus with special reference to Venda ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003645.
Texte intégralRésumé :
School geography has been identified as the one subject which has the most potential to develop pupils' ability to identify with their community and with their environment. Through the development of a sense of place pupils are encouraged to become effective perceivers, users, appreciators, evaluators and developers of their environment (Catling 1987. This approach to the teaching of geography implies that the content and the teaching strategies need to be perceived as relevant. Relevance in this study is taken to incorporate not only the needs of the pupils and the community but also of the subject. The location of this study in Venda, an area which is predominantly rural in nature sought to emphasise the important role which rural settlement geography can play in aiding the development of these pupils' sense of place and social identity. The research therefore concentrated on the approaches and teaching strategies used in the teaching of rural settlement in Venda secondary schools. This was achieved through a survey which involved geography teachers and pupils in the Thohoyandou inspection area. The place of rural settlement in the current geography curriculum was established through an analysis of the relevant syllabuses, textbooks and senior certificate examination papers. This analysis was primarily undertaken to illuminate the extent to which rural settlement geography in the South African curriculum complies with accepted criteria for relevance. The study revealed that the teaching of rural settlement in Venda is textbook-related and teacher- directed with no attempt to capitalise upon the pupils' experience of their rural environment. This was largely ascribed to the constraints of the syllabus and the demands of the examination system. When allied to the problems teachers have concerning syllabus development, the validity and relevance of this aspect of the syllabus is reduced. More importantly, because the local environment is not perceived as having value in the teaching of geography, the Venda pupils' perception of the value of their environment is diminished.
5
Santos, Fábio Ferreira. « O fetiche da tecnologia no espaço agrário : o caso dos assentamentos rurais Jacaré Curituba e Edmilson Oliveira em Sergipe ». Pós-Graduação em Geografia, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5582.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study examines the use of technology in rural settlements Gator Curituba and Edmilson de Oliveira, located respectively in the cities of San Francisco and the Caninde Carira in the state of Sergipe and their repercussions on the production of space and the reproduction of peasant families. From a reasoned analysis of the contradictions of the process of production and reproduction of space by human actions arising from the inclusion of capital in the field through the introduction of technologies for public policies the state is present implementing policies for rural settlements, which reverberate territorial transformations in the region. It was observed that in the study area, contradictorily, peasant production units resist cultivating various products that meet the basic needs of food. In the study area, are produced various products for the National School Feeding Programme, National Programme of Use and biodiesel production, to processing industries and for family consumption. However, capital appropriates output for playback, as monopolizes the territory of rural settlements appropriating agricultural production units and redefining peasant from production, social relations of production. In turn, farmers are looking for ways of resistance and permanence in the field through diversification of production, planting crops such as vegetables , vegetables and fruits , friendly products market acceptance , which confirms the strength of these subjects in the creation and recreation of peasantry even being subordinated to capital.Esse estudo analisa o uso da tecnologia nos assentamentos rurais Jacaré-Curituba e Edmilson de Oliveira, situados respectivamente nos municípios de Canindé do São Francisco e Carira, no estado de Sergipe e seus rebatimentos na produção do espaço e na reprodução das famílias camponesas. A partir de uma análise fundamentada nas contradições do processo de produção e reprodução do espaço pelas ações humanas oriundo da inserção do capital no campo via introdução de tecnologias por políticas públicas o Estado faz-se presente implementando políticas para os assentamentos rurais, as quais repercutem em transformações territoriais na região. Observou-se que na área de estudo, contraditoriamente, as unidades produtivas camponesas resistem cultivando diversos produtos que suprem as necessidades básicas de alimentação. Na área de estudo, são produzidos diversos produtos destinados ao Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, Programa Nacional de Uso e produção do biodiesel, às indústrias de beneficiamento e para o consumo da família. Entretanto, o capital apropria-se da produção para sua reprodução, à medida que monopoliza o território dos assentamentos rurais se apropriando da produção agrícola das unidades camponesas e redefinindo desde a produção, às relações sociais de produção. Por sua vez, os camponeses procuram formas de resistência e permanência no campo através da diversificação da produção, plantando outras culturas, como hortaliças, verduras e frutas, produtos de fácil aceitação do mercado, o que confirma a força desses sujeitos na criação e recriação do campesinato mesmo sendo subordinado ao capital.
6
Bloom, Matthew D. « Creating Connections : Economic Development, Land Use, and the System of Cities in Northwest Ohio During the Nineteenth Century ». Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1237566977.
Texte intégral
7
Zaher, Camila Al [UNESP]. « Alteração da fertilidade do solo como indicador do processo de antropização e presença de atividades não agrícolas no assentamento rural Horto Aimorés, municípios de Bauru e Pederneiras/SP = : Change of soil fertility as an indicator of the anthropization process and presence of non agricultural activities at the rural settlement Horto Aimorés, cities of Bauru and Pederneiras/ SP ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127603.
Texte intégralRésumé :
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000843835.pdf: 11122014 bytes, checksum: bf20d83ef6546cde2aa0ee05665ed41d (MD5)Sob o ponto de vista ecológico, a pedosfera desempenha funções essenciais à manutenção da vida, num sentido irrestrito da palavra. Inserido no contexto geográfico, é também no solo que o processo de produção do espaço se materializa, seja ele urbano ou rural. No meio rural, esse recurso vem sendo intensamente depauperado, via de regra, devido às práticas inadequadas de exploração agrícola, predominantemente pautada na lógica capitalista de produção, calcada no latifúndio, na monocultura e no agronegócio. Esse processo foi acelerado a partir da década 1960, com a chamada modernização da agricultura, que adotou novas técnicas de cultivo e manejo dos solos, como o uso de equipamentos pesados e insumos químicos: adubos e fertilizantes com o objetivo de aumentar a produtividade. No entanto, sem o planejamento adequado, essas práticas podem resultar na degradação química e física dos solos e, sobretudo, na fragmentação social e econômica da agricultura camponesa, tendo em vista o fato de que a dita modernização se mostrou absolutamente seletiva. Nesse contexto encontra-se o assentamento rural Horto Aimorés, localizado entre os municípios de Bauru e Pederneiras, centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo. O referido assentamento está dividido em duas Glebas, I e II. A Gleba I, analisada nesta pesquisa, possui 165 lotes distribuídos em 5.262 ha. No assentamento identificam-se quadros de degradação do solo manifestados na forma de compactação, erosão, perda da fertilidade, dentre outras, que comprometem a produção agrícola e consequentemente a manutenção das famílias assentadas, desse modo, constata-se a presença de atividades não agrícolas...
The pedosphere, from an ecological point of view, performs an essential function for the maintenance of life, if thinking in the unrestricted meaning of the word. In a geographic context, it is in the soil where the process of production of space materializes itself, whether it is urban or rural. In rural areas, the soil has been heavily degraded. The soil usually is degraded by inadequate practices of agricultural holdings. The pedosphere is predominantly based on the capitalist logic of the production, on the large estates, in monoculture and agribusiness. The soil degradation process was accelerated since 1960s with the modernization of agriculture that adopted new cultivate techniques and soil management, such as the use of heavy equipment and chemical inputs (fertilizers) in order to increase productivity. However, without proper planning, these practices may result in chemical soil degradation, physical soil degradation and mostly results in social and economic fragmentation of peasant agriculture. We need to considerate that the so-called modernization proved to be absolutely selective. In this context was formed the rural settlement Horto Aimorés. It is located on the center of São Paulo state between the cities of Bauru and Pederneiras. This settlement was divided in two areas named Gleba I and Gleba II. The Gleba I had 165 plots distributed over 5,262 ha. In this settlement some areas were identified with soil degradation such as compaction, erosion, loss of fertility, among others. These degradations impaired the agricultural production and consequently the maintenance of the settled families and in these situations are noted the presence of non-agricultural activities...
8
Zaher, Camila Al. « Alteração da fertilidade do solo como indicador do processo de antropização e presença de atividades não agrícolas no assentamento rural Horto Aimorés, municípios de Bauru e Pederneiras/SP = Change of soil fertility as an indicator of the anthropization process and presence of non agricultural activities at the rural settlement Horto Aimorés, cities of Bauru and Pederneiras/ SP / ». Presidente Prudente, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127603.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: Maria Cristina PerusiBanca: João Osvaldo Rodrigues Nunes
Banca: Rodrigo José Pisani
Resumo: Sob o ponto de vista ecológico, a pedosfera desempenha funções essenciais à manutenção da vida, num sentido irrestrito da palavra. Inserido no contexto geográfico, é também no solo que o processo de produção do espaço se materializa, seja ele urbano ou rural. No meio rural, esse recurso vem sendo intensamente depauperado, via de regra, devido às práticas inadequadas de exploração agrícola, predominantemente pautada na lógica capitalista de produção, calcada no latifúndio, na monocultura e no agronegócio. Esse processo foi acelerado a partir da década 1960, com a chamada "modernização da agricultura", que adotou novas técnicas de cultivo e manejo dos solos, como o uso de equipamentos pesados e insumos químicos: adubos e fertilizantes com o objetivo de aumentar a produtividade. No entanto, sem o planejamento adequado, essas práticas podem resultar na degradação química e física dos solos e, sobretudo, na fragmentação social e econômica da agricultura camponesa, tendo em vista o fato de que a dita "modernização" se mostrou absolutamente seletiva. Nesse contexto encontra-se o assentamento rural Horto Aimorés, localizado entre os municípios de Bauru e Pederneiras, centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo. O referido assentamento está dividido em duas Glebas, I e II. A Gleba I, analisada nesta pesquisa, possui 165 lotes distribuídos em 5.262 ha. No assentamento identificam-se quadros de degradação do solo manifestados na forma de compactação, erosão, perda da fertilidade, dentre outras, que comprometem a produção agrícola e consequentemente a manutenção das famílias assentadas, desse modo, constata-se a presença de atividades não agrícolas...
Abstract: The pedosphere, from an ecological point of view, performs an essential function for the maintenance of life, if thinking in the unrestricted meaning of the word. In a geographic context, it is in the soil where the process of production of space materializes itself, whether it is urban or rural. In rural areas, the soil has been heavily degraded. The soil usually is degraded by inadequate practices of agricultural holdings. The pedosphere is predominantly based on the capitalist logic of the production, on the large estates, in monoculture and agribusiness. The soil degradation process was accelerated since 1960s with the modernization of agriculture that adopted new cultivate techniques and soil management, such as the use of heavy equipment and chemical inputs (fertilizers) in order to increase productivity. However, without proper planning, these practices may result in chemical soil degradation, physical soil degradation and mostly results in social and economic fragmentation of peasant agriculture. We need to considerate that the so-called "modernization" proved to be absolutely selective. In this context was formed the rural settlement "Horto Aimorés". It is located on the center of São Paulo state between the cities of Bauru and Pederneiras. This settlement was divided in two areas named "Gleba I" and "Gleba II". The Gleba I had 165 plots distributed over 5,262 ha. In this settlement some areas were identified with soil degradation such as compaction, erosion, loss of fertility, among others. These degradations impaired the agricultural production and consequently the maintenance of the settled families and in these situations are noted the presence of non-agricultural activities...
Mestre
9
Tucker, Faith. « Young girls in the countryside : growing up in South Northamptonshire ». Thesis, University of Northampton, 2002. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/2840/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Although there has been a surge of interest in a geographical approach to the study of children, there is a pro-urban bias in much childhood research. Childhood is seemingly assumed to be an entirely metropolitan experience; there is a paucity of research on rural childhoods. Few studies have investigated girls’ use of outdoor environments, particularly those beyond urban settings. The dominance of pro-urban and ‘malestream’ research tends to hide the experiences of girls living in rural areas. This thesis explores difference and diversity in the lifestyles of 10-15 year olds growing up in South Northamptonshire, employing a multi-stranded methodology including: a questionnaire survey of children; in-depth discussion work with girls centred on child-taken photographs and videos, and interviews with mothers. To try to get close to the lifeworlds of young people, wherever possible their voices are included in the text. The study area represents one type of rural experience - that of an affluent, commuter-dependent area. The theoretical constructs of liminality and habitus are used to help make sense of the use and social ownership of space. A series of factors is shown to interact in various ways to produce complex geographies. Contingency effects of gender, age and location create a multitude of rural lifestyles; there is no universal ‘country childhood’. Girls use and value recreational space in a myriad of ways. Young people often have to share their play spaces, and anxiety, tension and conflict between rival groups is commonplace. Girls and their mothers express concern about stranger-danger, gangs and traffic hazards, and this limits the spatial freedom of some girls. Mothers, deeming the private car the only safe form of transport, determine the spaces in which their daughters spend their leisure time. Rather than providing greater spatial freedom, the rural offers parents more control over their children’s use of public space
10
Shimbo, Julia Zanin [UNESP]. « Zoneamento geoambiental como subsídio aos projetos de reforma agrária. Estudo de caso : assentamento rural Pirituba II (SP) ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92782.
Texte intégralRésumé :
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shimbo_jz_me_rcla.pdf: 4938318 bytes, checksum: f2c471db5c5cb971b7e38bb653a40aba (MD5)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Os projetos de reforma agrária apresentam dificuldades de planejamento para uso e ocupação da terra. Esses problemas afetam a qualidade de vida das famílias, a produtividade e a sustentabilidade ambiental. Isso se deve à carência de estudos interdisciplinares detalhados de diagnósticos e zoneamentos ambientais para implantação, desenvolvimento e gestão desses assentamentos. Assim, o objetivo principal desse estudo é estabelecer o zoneamento geoambiental no assentamento rural Pirituba II (Itapeva/Itaberá/SP) e analisar o uso desse instrumento para melhorar os projetos de reforma agrária que visem a sustentabilidade socioambiental. Para isso, foram realizadas fotointerpretação de fotos aéreas (escala 1:25.000) e verificações em campo para detalhar as informações ambientais básicas de drenagem, geologia estrutural, de unidades fisiográficas, e pedológicas. Essas informações permitiram a compreensão da evolução e dinâmica da paisagem. A partir da caracterização das unidades fisiográficas colúvio-aluvionares da área foram estabelecidos os fatores e processos endógenos e exógenos que resultaram na formação das paisagens. Isto permitiu estabelecer as zonas geoambientais (unidades aloestratigráficas). Essas foram divididas em subzonas geoambientais pela análise estrutural e fisiográfica, para posteriormente determinar as potencialidades e limitações de tais unidades. Dessa forma, mapas temáticos foram elaborados quanto à: suscetibilidade à erosão, indicação de áreas para proteção ambiental e adequação a culturas anuais. A aplicação do zoneamento geoambiental no assentamento Pirituba II forneceu um estudo detalhado e integrado do meio físico para planejamento local visando a sustentabilidade socioambiental. Portanto, esse zoneamento pode ser uma ferramenta útil para a gestão territorial e melhoria dos projetos de reforma agrária.
The environmental diagnostic studies that aim planning for land reform settlements are few and still present some gaps. These affect the life quality of families, productivity and environmental sustentability. Geoenvironmental zoning is based on the integration of physical aspects, and for this reason it may contribute with information that will be used for the environmental analysis of these settlements. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the geoenvironmental zoning applied to the Pirituba II Settlement (Itapeva/Itaberá/SP) as a reliable tool and instrument for the definition of lines that can help in the sustainable implementation of land reform projects, as much by the social view as by the environmental focus. For this the drainage, structural geology, physiographic unities and pedological basic environmental information were detailed through field and laboratory works (aerial photointerpretation). This information have enabled better undestanding of the landscape dynamic and evolution. Physiographic characterization for colluvial and alluvial units of the studied area permitted to establish the factors and processes, both endogenetic and geomorphic, that resulted in the landscape formation. The geoenvironmental zoning was defined by this purpose, which generate subdividing operations into structural and physiographic analysis, for as much as the potentiality and limitation determination of them as entities. The following thematic maps were obtained, therefore: erosion vulnerability, environmental protection indication and agricultural annual rotation. The results of the geoenvironmental zoning work in the Pirituba II Settlement allowed the definition of environmental planning detailed strategies in agreement with sustainable reality.
11
Tyana, Santini Salzano. « ROBERT B. HALL'S GEOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON THE JAPANESE BUILT ENVIRONMENT ». 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202808.
Texte intégral
12
Shimbo, Julia Zanin. « Zoneamento geoambiental como subsídio aos projetos de reforma agrária. Estudo de caso : assentamento rural Pirituba II (SP) / ». Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92782.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Resumo: Os projetos de reforma agrária apresentam dificuldades de planejamento para uso e ocupação da terra. Esses problemas afetam a qualidade de vida das famílias, a produtividade e a sustentabilidade ambiental. Isso se deve à carência de estudos interdisciplinares detalhados de diagnósticos e zoneamentos ambientais para implantação, desenvolvimento e gestão desses assentamentos. Assim, o objetivo principal desse estudo é estabelecer o zoneamento geoambiental no assentamento rural Pirituba II (Itapeva/Itaberá/SP) e analisar o uso desse instrumento para melhorar os projetos de reforma agrária que visem a sustentabilidade socioambiental. Para isso, foram realizadas fotointerpretação de fotos aéreas (escala 1:25.000) e verificações em campo para detalhar as informações ambientais básicas de drenagem, geologia estrutural, de unidades fisiográficas, e pedológicas. Essas informações permitiram a compreensão da evolução e dinâmica da paisagem. A partir da caracterização das unidades fisiográficas colúvio-aluvionares da área foram estabelecidos os fatores e processos endógenos e exógenos que resultaram na formação das paisagens. Isto permitiu estabelecer as zonas geoambientais (unidades aloestratigráficas). Essas foram divididas em subzonas geoambientais pela análise estrutural e fisiográfica, para posteriormente determinar as potencialidades e limitações de tais unidades. Dessa forma, mapas temáticos foram elaborados quanto à: suscetibilidade à erosão, indicação de áreas para proteção ambiental e adequação a culturas anuais. A aplicação do zoneamento geoambiental no assentamento Pirituba II forneceu um estudo detalhado e integrado do meio físico para planejamento local visando a sustentabilidade socioambiental. Portanto, esse zoneamento pode ser uma ferramenta útil para a gestão territorial e melhoria dos projetos de reforma agrária.Abstract: The environmental diagnostic studies that aim planning for land reform settlements are few and still present some gaps. These affect the life quality of families, productivity and environmental sustentability. Geoenvironmental zoning is based on the integration of physical aspects, and for this reason it may contribute with information that will be used for the environmental analysis of these settlements. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the geoenvironmental zoning applied to the Pirituba II Settlement (Itapeva/Itaberá/SP) as a reliable tool and instrument for the definition of lines that can help in the sustainable implementation of land reform projects, as much by the social view as by the environmental focus. For this the drainage, structural geology, physiographic unities and pedological basic environmental information were detailed through field and laboratory works (aerial photointerpretation). This information have enabled better undestanding of the landscape dynamic and evolution. Physiographic characterization for colluvial and alluvial units of the studied area permitted to establish the factors and processes, both endogenetic and geomorphic, that resulted in the landscape formation. The geoenvironmental zoning was defined by this purpose, which generate subdividing operations into structural and physiographic analysis, for as much as the potentiality and limitation determination of them as entities. The following thematic maps were obtained, therefore: erosion vulnerability, environmental protection indication and agricultural annual rotation. The results of the geoenvironmental zoning work in the Pirituba II Settlement allowed the definition of environmental planning detailed strategies in agreement with sustainable reality.
Orientador: Jairo Roberto Jiménez-Rueda
Coorientador: Gerd Sparovek
Banca: Rualdo Menegat
Banca: Ariovaldo Umbelino de Oliveira
Mestre
13
Dourado, Auceia Matos. « Viver e pertencer : identidades e territórios nos assentamentos rurais de Sergipe ». Pós-Graduação em Geografia, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5585.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The creation of rural settlement in Brazil is a historical and relational process, a conquest and produced space that the symbolic and functional appropriation is turned into territory. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the referential that guides the construction of a territorial identity in rural settlements in Sergipe, to obtain multiples configurations of themselves. It was delimited as locus of investigation five of twenty two settlements, and classified by INCRA in phase seven, that the body corresponds to the consolidated settlements. The methodological way used was the qualitative research, based in three points: the construction of the territory, the meaning of territory and the settlement as a space of reference and the sense of being settled. This research was developed in transversal levels of characterization and analysis. A discussion was held about the territory category and its characteristics to comprehend the rural settlements, considered as territories, product and conditions of fights territorialization for lands in Brazil. The agrarian problem in Brazil and Sergipe was analyzed in a way to contextualize the object of study and the settlements studied was taken as a space of experience and reference to comprehend their identities. The delimitation of this research was guided from the comprehension that the construction of identities and territorialities in settlements is historical and relational, because the settled ones build social relations and establish link. The sense of being settled reveals itself as institutional and symbolic content and means not only a territorial category, but also the construction of social and spatial consciousness, that expresses in traditions and translations. This is the process of identity construction in settlements. A dialect that includes functionality and symbology, memory and daily routine, symbols and marks, objectivity and subjectivity.A criação dos assentamentos rurais no Brasil é um processo histórico e relacional, um espaço conquistado e produzido e que pela apropriação funcional e simbólica é transformado em território. Esta tese tem como objetivo principal analisar os referenciais que norteiam a construção da identidade territorial nos assentamento rurais do estado de Sergipe, tendo em vista as múltiplas configurações na formação dos mesmos. Delimitou-se como locus de investigação cinco assentamentos, dentre os vinte e dois, classificados pelo INCRA na fase sete, que para o órgão corresponde aos assentamentos consolidados. Tomou-se como caminho metodológico a pesquisa qualitativa, ancorando-se em três questões basilares: a construção do território do assentamento, o significado do território: o assentamento como espaço de referência e o sentido de ser assentado. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se em níveis transversais de caracterização e analise. Procedeu-se uma discussão sobre a categoria território e suas características, para compreensão dos assentamentos rurais, assumidos como territórios, produto e condição da territorialização das lutas pela terra no Brasil. A questão agrária no Brasil e em Sergipe foi analisada de modo a contextualizar o objeto de estudo e os assentamentos estudados foram tomados como espaço de vivência e espaço de referência para compreensão de suas identidades. A delimitação da pesquisa guiou-se a partir da compreensão de que a construção das identidades e das territorialidades nos assentamentos é histórica e relacional, pois os assentados ao se fixarem no território constroem relações sociais e estabelecem vínculos de pertencimento e de identificação com o mesmo. O sentido de ser assentado se revela tanto com conteúdo institucional quanto simbólico, pois denota não só uma categoria territorial, mas a construção de uma consciência socioespacial de pertencimento, que se expressa nas traduções e nas tradições. É neste envoltório que demarcamos o processo de construção identitária nos assentamentos. Uma dialética que inclui funcionalidade e simbologia, memória e cotidiano, símbolos e marcas, objetividade e subjetividade.
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Sharma, Ram Partap. « Morphology of rural settlements in North-Eastern Rajasthan ». Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/901.
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Guha, Bansari. « Evolution of rural settlements in South 24-paraganas ». Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/3237.
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Yadav, Mohar Singh. « Locational analysis of the patterns of rural settlements in Alwar District ». Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/895.
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Chandrashekara, B. « Patterns of rural settlements in southern maidan region of karnataka state ». Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/1515.
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Marais, Mark Trevor. « Anthropocentric development evaluation : making people and their humanity the focus of development and its evaluation ». Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18124.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The need for an Anthropocentric Development Evaluation stems from the inability of development theory and praxis, which has informed the past Development Decades, to ameliorate abject poverty experienced by most people throughout the world. Emanating from a hermeneutical-interpretist epistemology the fundamental argument of an Anthropocentric Development Evaluation is that people and the crucial aspects of their humanity should be the central focus in development and evaluation processes. Thus, taking the people-centred approach to development as its starting point, an Anthropocentric Development Evaluation draws attention to the marginalised, particularly the poor, the rural poor, resource-poor primary producers, women and their households. An Anthropocentric Development Evaluation also argues for an actor-orientation to Development Evaluation to emphasise the situational, yet individual behaviour, of people. Alongside such an approach, lies the significance of culture and people's knowledge for development, as well as the limitations, risks, uncertainties and vulnerabilities people face as a consequence of their humanity. These may influence the extent to which they
participate in spontaneous or imposed development initiatives. An Anthropocentric Development Evaluation then comparatively assesses three sets of similar, yet different, methodologies using people and aspects of their humanity described above as the focus for that assessment. The methodologies assessed include Action
Research, Social Impact Assessment and the Complementary Rural Development Field Tools. The purpose of doing so is to obtain a suitable medium through which to test the focus of an Anthropocentric Development Evaluation in a development setting. The testing of an Anthropocentric Development Evaluation in a development setting is done first by providing an Anthropocentric Development Evaluation of aspects of life of people living in the community of Nyanyadu in KwaZulu-Natal. Social Impact Assessments using the focus of an Anthropocentric Development Evaluation are then made of two development initiatives in respect of the people of Nyanyadu. These two initiatives are a nutrition and social development programme and the national land reforms. The
purpose of all these evaluations is to examine the extent to which people and their humanity are seen to be crucial in development processes.Development Administration
D.Litt. et Phil. (Development Administration)
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Manaka, Martha Patience Rebiditjoe (Budu). « An investigation into changes in land use/cover patterns in Manganeng area, Limpopo, South Africa ». Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5446.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Manganeng area is a communal land with the local community relying on use ofland for their
livelihoods. Manganeng shows signs of continued land degradation due to inappropriate land
use management, while land use and land cover offer low returns. Continued degradation of
natural resources has led to an investigation into changes in land use patterns in the area. Past
and present aerial photographs (covering the years 1950, 1964, 1977, 1983 and 1995),
recorded and oral history were used as main data sources for investigating changes in land use
patterns in the study area. A GIS was also used to quantify the rate of land use change. Data
collected from this study aided in providing infonnation about natural resources in the area,
how these resources have changed over time and methods used to protect the environment.
This study established that from 1950 to 1995, residential land had increased significantly,
while farmland and bare rock on Ntswelatau Mountain had increased slightly. Other land
cover such as dongas and scattered trees had remained stable over time. Grazing land had
decreased significantly while deposited sand and clustered trees decreased insignificantly. A
visual change assessment conducted in 2003 indicated that no significant change had occurred
in the area since the 1995 aerial photograph was taken.
Population growth in Manganeng has led to an increase in residential land use, which directly
affected other land uses such as grazing and farmland. The communities' indigenous
knowledge has helped in reducing and/or maintaining donga sizes over the past 54 years while
restrictions on tree felling on Ntswelatau Mountain has conserved vegetation in the area.
Cultivation methods applied in Manganeng are not environmentally sustainable and need to be
improved.
It is recommended that further research be carried out to assess soil erosion, economic
potential, and integration of political/governing powers, as well as levels of agricultural
education and awareness among the community. This will ensure an improved understanding
of the natural environment in Manganeng, and can provide coping and recovery strategies
from stress and shocks of unsustainable resource use in order to preserve these resources for
future generations. It is further recommended that the Sustainable Livelihood Framework be
adopted in assessing an integrated view of issues related to community based resource
management in the area so as to provide insight into priority development options for
Manganeng.Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006