Bibliographies thématiques / Robinson Crusoe Island (Juan Fernández Islands) – History

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Robinson Crusoe Island (Juan Fernández Islands) – History »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 26 juillet 2024

Mis à jour le 27 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Robinson Crusoe Island (Juan Fernández Islands) – History"

GOMES, LUCAS R. P., MÁRCIA S. COURI et CLAUDIO J. B. DE CARVALHO. « Anthomyiidae, Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) from the Juan Fernández Archipelago (Chile) : 60 years after Willi Hennig’s contributions ». Zootaxa 4402, n^o 2 (28 mars 2018) : 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.2.9.

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Sixty years ago, Willi Hennig last catalogued the Anthomyiidae, Fanniidae and Muscidae fauna of the Juan Fernández Archipelago. This archipelago, composed of three main volcanic islands (Robinson Crusoe, Alejandro Selkirk and Santa Clara), has many endemic species. We describe Fannia hennigi sp. n. from the Robinson Crusoe Island, and record 11 species in 10 genera of Anthomyiidae, Fanniidae and Muscidae. A key to the identification of all species found in Juan Fernández Archipelago and a table with all species found in the Archipelago are presented, including four new records from Robinson Crusoe Island: Delia platura (Meigen, 1826); Fannia hennigi sp. n.; Lispoides insularis Hennig, 1957 and Schoenomyzina emdeni Hennig, 1955.

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Stuessy, Tod F., Daniel J. Crawford et Josef Greimler. « Human Impacts on the Vegetation of the Juan Fernández (Robinson Crusoe) Archipelago ». Plants 12, n^o 23 (30 novembre 2023) : 4038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12234038.

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The human footprint on marine and terrestrial ecosystems of the planet has been substantial, largely due to the increase in the human population with associated activities and resource utilization. Oceanic islands have been particularly susceptible to such pressures, resulting in high levels of loss of biodiversity and reductions in the numbers and sizes of wild populations. One archipelago that has suffered from human impact has been the Juan Fernández (Robinson Crusoe) Archipelago, a Chilean national park located 667 km west of Valparaíso at 33° S. latitude. The park consists of three principal islands: Robinson Crusoe Island (48 km2); Santa Clara Island (2.2 km2); and Alejandro Selkirk Island (50 km2). The latter island lies 181 kms further west into the Pacific Ocean. No indigenous peoples ever visited or lived on any of these islands; they were first discovered by the Spanish navigator, Juan Fernández, in 1574. From that point onward, a series of European visitors arrived, especially to Robinson Crusoe Island. They began to cut the forests, and such activity increased with the establishment of a permanent colony in 1750 that has persisted to the present day. Pressures on the native and endemic flora increased due to the introduction of animals, such as goats, rats, dogs, cats, pigs, and rabbits. Numerous invasive plants also arrived, some deliberately introduced and others arriving inadvertently. At present, more than three-quarters of the endemic and native vascular species of the flora are either threatened or endangered. The loss of vegetation has also resulted in a loss of genetic variability in some species as populations are reduced in size or go extinct. It is critical that the remaining genetic diversity be conserved, and genomic markers would provide guidelines for the conservation of the diversity of the endemic flora. To preserve the unique flora of these islands, further conservation measures are needed, especially in education and phytosanitary monitoring.

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TRIAPITSYN, SERGUEI V. « Review of Cremnomymar species (Hymenoptera : Mymaridae) in mainland South America, with a new generic synonymy ». Zootaxa 5463, n^o 1 (4 juin 2024) : 25–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5463.1.2.

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Parapolynema Fidalgo syn. n. (Hymenopterea: Mymaridae) is synonymized under the Neotropical genus Cremnomymar Ogloblin, and its two described species, both from Argentina, are transferred to Cremnomymar as C. sagittifer (Fidalgo) comb. n. and C. tucumanum (Fidalgo) comb. n. These species are redescribed based on type and non-type specimens from Argentina and two new species are described and diagnosed, C. fidalgoi Triapitsyn sp. n. from Argentina and Chile and C. nahuelbutae Triapitsyn sp. n. from Chile. A key to females of the four known species of Cremnomymar in mainland South America outside of Chile’s Juan Fernández Islands, from where seven other, endemic Cremnomymar species are known, is provided. The male of C. fernandezi Ogloblin is redescribed based on a non-type specimen from Robinson Crusoe Island, Juan Fernández Islands, and a possibly conspecific female from the same collecting event is described. The male paratype of C. kuscheli (Ogloblin) from Juan Fernández Islands is redescribed and illustrated.

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Veliz, David, Noemi Rojas-Hernández, Pablo Fibla, Boris Dewitte, Sebastián Cornejo-Guzmán et Carolina Parada. « High levels of connectivity over large distances in the diadematid sea urchin Centrostephanus sylviae ». PLOS ONE 16, n^o 11 (4 novembre 2021) : e0259595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259595.

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Most benthic marine invertebrates with sedentary benthic adult phases have planktonic larvae that permit connectivity between geographically isolated populations. Planktonic larval duration and oceanographic processes are vital to connecting populations of species inhabiting remote and distant islands. In the present study, we analyzed the population genetic structure of the sea urchin Centrostephanus sylviae, which inhabits only the Juan Fernández Archipelago and the Desventuradas islands, separated by more than 800 km. For 92 individuals collected from Robinson Crusoe and Selkirk Islands (Juan Fernández Archipelago) and San Ambrosio Island (Desventuradas Islands), 7,067 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained. The results did not show a spatial genetic structure for C. sylviae; relative high migration rates were revealed between the islands. An analysis of the water circulation pattern in the area described a predominant northward water flow with periods of inverted flow, suggesting that larvae could move in both directions. Overall, this evidence suggests that C. sylviae comprises a single large population composed of individuals separated by more than 800 km.

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Anderson, Gregory J., Daniel J. Crawford et Gabriel Bernardello. « The reproductive biology of island plants : the Juan Fernández and Canary Islands ». Vieraea Folia scientiarum biologicarum canariensium 41, Vieraea 41 (2013) : 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31939/vieraea.2013.41.08.

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Knowledge of reproductive biology is fundamental to understanding successful colonization and subsequent evolution of island plants, to founding effective conservation programs for island biota, and for the insights provided from island studies to understanding the evolution of plants in general. We focus on the reproductive biology of plants of the Canary Islands via a comparison with that of plants from the Chilean Juan Fernández (Robinson Crusoe Islands). We focus on breeding systems (i.e., compatibility, ability to self pollinate) and pollination. The breeding system of the progenitors of island lineages are inferred to assess the usual interpretation: i.e., that successful colonists are self compatible, i.e., following ‘Baker’s Law’ vs. the alternative of a mixed breeding system (‘leaky’ self incompatibility). We briefly review the mechanisms promoting outcrossing in self compatible hermaphroditic species. We assess whether current floral forms reflect pollination features of the colonizing ancestors or whether they represent selection on islands in situ. . The limited range of pollinators available to new island colonists especially of younger archipelagoes, forces adaptation to new syndromes that are not always reflected in their floral morphology or nectar. Despite the broad interest in island plants, there are few comprehensive studies of either breeding systems or pollination biology. Thus, generalizations about island systems can lead to misunderstandings: as Baker exhorted nearly a half century ago, more studies of island plant reproductive biology are needed. Furthermore, conservation programs will not be effective without a knowledge of reproductive biology of island natives.

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Kim, Seon-Hee, JiYoung Yang, Myong-Suk Cho, Tod F. Stuessy, Daniel J. Crawford et Seung-Chul Kim. « Chloroplast Genome Provides Insights into Molecular Evolution and Species Relationship of Fleabanes (Erigeron : Tribe Astereae, Asteraceae) in the Juan Fernández Islands, Chile ». Plants 13, n^o 5 (23 février 2024) : 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13050612.

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Erigeron represents the third largest genus on the Juan Fernández Islands, with six endemic species, five of which occur exclusively on the younger Alejandro Selkirk Island with one species on both islands. While its continental sister species is unknown, Erigeron on the Juan Fernández Islands appears to be monophyletic and most likely evolved from South American progenitor species. We characterized the complete chloroplast genomes of five Erigeron species, including accessions of E. fernandezia and one each from Alejandro Selkirk and Robinson Crusoe Islands, with the purposes of elucidating molecular evolution and phylogenetic relationships. We found highly conserved chloroplast genomes in size, gene order and contents, and further identified several mutation hotspot regions. In addition, we found two positively selected chloroplast genes (ccsA and ndhF) among species in the islands. The complete plastome sequences confirmed the monophyly of Erigeron in the islands and corroborated previous phylogenetic relationships among species. New findings in the current study include (1) two major lineages, E. turricola–E. luteoviridis and E. fernandezia–E. ingae–E. rupicola, (2) the non-monophyly of E. fernandezia occurring on the two islands, and (3) the non-monophyly of the alpine species E. ingae complex.

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Sepúlveda, P., J. P. Le Roux, L. E. Lara, G. Orozco et V. Astudillo. « Biostratigraphic evidence for dramatic Holocene uplift of Robinson Crusoe Island, Juan Fernández Ridge, SE Pacific Ocean ». Biogeosciences 12, n^o 6 (27 mars 2015) : 1993–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1993-2015.

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Abstract. Hotspot oceanic islands typically experience subsidence due to several processes related to migration of the oceanic plate away from the mantle plume and surface flexural loading. However, many other processes can interrupt subsidence, some of which may be associated with catastrophic events. A study of the biostratigraphy and sedimentology of Holocene deposits on Robinson Crusoe Island (RCI) on the Juan Fernández Ridge (JFR) indicated that dramatic uplift has occurred since 8000 years BP, at a rate of about 8.5mm yr-1. This is evidenced by supratidal flats with tepee structures and sand layers containing marine gastropods (mostly Nerita sp.) that are now exposed ca. 70 m a.s.l. The active hotspot is located 280 km further west and the last volcanic activity on RCI occurred at ca. 800 000 years BP. Long-term subsidence is evidenced by deep submerged marine abrasion terraces at RCI. As no direct evidence was found for the existence of a compensating bulge generated by the present hotspot upon which RCI would be situated, it must be concluded that subsidence in the wake of the mantle plume beneath the migrating plate was interrupted by very rapid uplift, but on a scale that did not fully compensate for the previous subsidence. This can be attributed to large-scale landslides followed by isostatic rebound, although this is only vaguely reflected in the low-resolution bathymetry of the area. To determine if this mechanism produced the uplift, a detailed bathymetric survey of the area will be required. If such a survey confirms this hypothesis, it may have implications for the short-term dynamics of vertical variations of oceanic edifices and their related effects on ecosystems and human population.

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SOTO, EDUARDO M., et MARTÍN J. RAMÍREZ. « Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Philisca Simon (Araneae : Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae) ». Zootaxa 3443, n^o 1 (29 août 2012) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3443.1.1.

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We review the spider genus Philisca Simon, an endemic of the southern forests in Chile and Argentina, and present aphylogenetic analysis including 15 species, of which five are newly described (P. atrata, P. robinson, P. viernes, P. pizarroiand P. robusta), together with other 98 representatives of the family Anyphaenidae. Four species names are considerednomina dubia (Clubiona gayi Nicolet, Drassus mirandus Nicolet, Clubiona altiformis Nicolet, P. obscura Simon). Cluiliuschilensis Mello-Leitão is newly synonymized with P. accentifera Simon. The phylogenetic analysis resulted in P.puconensis Ramírez branching off basally in the genus, because of its numerous leg spines and unmodified malechelicerae, all plesiomorphic for the group; the remaining species form two clear groups. The first one, formed by P. hahniSimon, P. tripunctata (Nicolet), P. amoena (Simon), P. hyadesi (Simon) and P. doilu (Ramírez), are grouped by the lossof spines on legs I and II. The second, formed by P. huapi Ramírez, P. ingens Berland, P. ornata Berland, P. accentiferaSimon, P. atrata and four new species endemic to the Robinson Crusoe Island in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, havethe male chelicerae, and in most cases also the endites, modified. In total, six species of Philisca are endemic to JuanFernández, but our dataset is not conclusive for the distinction of alternative colonization scenarios. We analyze theevolution of leg macrosetae, and show two independent instances of reduction of spination, one on the continent and another on the Juan Fernández islands.

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Paule, Juraj, Roswitha Schmickl, Tomáš Fér, Sabine Matuszak-Renger, Heidemarie Halbritter et Georg Zizka. « Phylogenomic insights into the Fascicularia-Ochagavia group (Bromelioideae, Bromeliaceae) ». Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 192, n^o 4 (21 décembre 2019) : 642–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boz085.

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Abstract Ochagavia (four species) and Fascicularia (one species) form a well-supported clade of the early-diverging Bromelioideae. The two genera are morphologically similar, but they can be easily discerned on the basis of generative characters. Besides the species distributed on the Chilean mainland, the group includes O. elegans, endemic to the Robinson Crusoe Island of the Juan Fernández Islands. In previous molecular phylogenetic studies, O. elegans formed a sister clade to the remainder of Fascicularia and Ochagavia. A phylogenomic approach, including nearly complete and, in five cases, full plastomes (c. 160 kbp) and the nuclear rDNA cistron (c. 6 kbp), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of pollen were used to analyse relationships in the Fascicularia-Ochagavia group. Plastome and nuclear trees were largely congruent and supported previous phylogenetic analyses of O. elegans being sister to the remainder of the group. A divergent phylogenetic position was suggested for O. carnea using different organellar trees. SEM analysis of pollen supported the division of Fascicularia and Ochagavia. Evolutionary and taxonomic implications of our results are discussed.

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Reyes, Javier, Luis E. Lara, Vanessa Sutherland, Nicolás Aguirre, Carlos Orellana, Folkmar Hauff et Kaj Hoernle. « Tracing the Origin and Magmatic Evolution of the Rejuvenated Volcanism in Santa Clara Island, Juan Fernández Ridge, SE Pacific ». Minerals 14, n^o 5 (19 mai 2024) : 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14050524.

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Oceanic intraplate volcanoes sometimes experience late-stage eruptive activity known as rejuvenated volcanism, and contrasting interpretations for its petrogenesis depend on the compositional characteristics. In the Juan Fernández Ridge (JFR), a volcanic chain approximately 800 km in length emplaced on the Nazca Plate, some subaerial occurrences of rejuvenated volcanism have been recognized on the Robinson Crusoe and Santa Clara Islands, both part of the same deeply eroded shield volcano complex. This study aims to understand the origin and magmatic evolution of rejuvenated volcanism on Santa Clara Island, emplaced after ~2.15 Ma of quiescence above the shield sequence, mainly via the analysis of unpublished geochemical and isotopic data. Field reconnaissance identified two nearly coeval rejuvenated sequences on Santa Clara Island: Bahía W (BW) and Morro Spartan (MS), both formed by basanitic and picro-basaltic lava flows with brecciated levels and local intercalations of sedimentary and pyroclastic deposits. In comparison to the chemical signature of the preceding shield-building stage (comprised mainly of basalts and picrites), the two rejuvenated sequences exhibit a notable enrichment in incompatible elements, but the Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopes are very similar to the FOZO mantle endmember, with an apparent additional contribution of HIMU and EM1 components. The geochemistry of lavas revealed the involvement of various processes, including contamination by ultramafic xenoliths, high-pressure fractional crystallization of olivine and clinopyroxene, and potential partial assimilation of oceanic lithospheric components. While the oceanic lithosphere has been considered as a potential source, the isotopic data from Santa Clara lies outside of the mixing curve between depleted mantle (DM, here represented by the North Chile Rise and the East Pacific Rise) and the previous shield stage, suggesting that a lithospheric mantle is not the primary source for the rejuvenated stage volcanism. Therefore, we favor an origin of the rejuvenated volcanism from the mantle plume forming the JFR, supported by similarities in isotopic signatures with the shield stage and high values of 208Pb/204Pb (only comparable to San Félix—San Ambrosio in the vicinity of JFR), implying the presence of a regional source with radiogenic 208Pb/204Pb isotope ratios. In addition, isotopic variations are subparallel to the mixing line between HIMU and EM1 components, whose participation in different proportions might explain the observed trends. In conclusion, we propose that the source of the rejuvenated volcanism on Santa Clara Island is a heterogeneous mantle plume, the same one that fed the shield stage. The rejuvenated volcanism is derived from a secondary melting zone away from the main axis of the plume.

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Livres sur le sujet "Robinson Crusoe Island (Juan Fernández Islands) – History"

Souhami, Diana. Selkirk's Island : The true and strange adventures of the real Robinson Crusoe. New York : Harcourt, 2001.

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Crusoe's Island : A Rich and Curious History of Pirates, Castaways and Madness. Faber & Faber, Limited, 2016.

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Souhami, Diana. Selkirk's Island : The True and Strange Adventures of the Real Robinson Crusoe. Thorndike Press, 2002.

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Souhami, Diana. Selkirk's Island : The True and Strange Adventures of the Real Robinson Crusoe. Harvest Books, 2002.

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