Bibliographies thématiques / Robinson Crusoe Island (Juan Fernández Islands)

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Robinson Crusoe Island (Juan Fernández Islands) »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 26 juillet 2024

Mis à jour le 27 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Robinson Crusoe Island (Juan Fernández Islands)"

GOMES, LUCAS R. P., MÁRCIA S. COURI et CLAUDIO J. B. DE CARVALHO. « Anthomyiidae, Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) from the Juan Fernández Archipelago (Chile) : 60 years after Willi Hennig’s contributions ». Zootaxa 4402, n^o 2 (28 mars 2018) : 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.2.9.

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Sixty years ago, Willi Hennig last catalogued the Anthomyiidae, Fanniidae and Muscidae fauna of the Juan Fernández Archipelago. This archipelago, composed of three main volcanic islands (Robinson Crusoe, Alejandro Selkirk and Santa Clara), has many endemic species. We describe Fannia hennigi sp. n. from the Robinson Crusoe Island, and record 11 species in 10 genera of Anthomyiidae, Fanniidae and Muscidae. A key to the identification of all species found in Juan Fernández Archipelago and a table with all species found in the Archipelago are presented, including four new records from Robinson Crusoe Island: Delia platura (Meigen, 1826); Fannia hennigi sp. n.; Lispoides insularis Hennig, 1957 and Schoenomyzina emdeni Hennig, 1955.

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Stuessy, Tod F., Daniel J. Crawford et Josef Greimler. « Human Impacts on the Vegetation of the Juan Fernández (Robinson Crusoe) Archipelago ». Plants 12, n^o 23 (30 novembre 2023) : 4038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12234038.

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The human footprint on marine and terrestrial ecosystems of the planet has been substantial, largely due to the increase in the human population with associated activities and resource utilization. Oceanic islands have been particularly susceptible to such pressures, resulting in high levels of loss of biodiversity and reductions in the numbers and sizes of wild populations. One archipelago that has suffered from human impact has been the Juan Fernández (Robinson Crusoe) Archipelago, a Chilean national park located 667 km west of Valparaíso at 33° S. latitude. The park consists of three principal islands: Robinson Crusoe Island (48 km2); Santa Clara Island (2.2 km2); and Alejandro Selkirk Island (50 km2). The latter island lies 181 kms further west into the Pacific Ocean. No indigenous peoples ever visited or lived on any of these islands; they were first discovered by the Spanish navigator, Juan Fernández, in 1574. From that point onward, a series of European visitors arrived, especially to Robinson Crusoe Island. They began to cut the forests, and such activity increased with the establishment of a permanent colony in 1750 that has persisted to the present day. Pressures on the native and endemic flora increased due to the introduction of animals, such as goats, rats, dogs, cats, pigs, and rabbits. Numerous invasive plants also arrived, some deliberately introduced and others arriving inadvertently. At present, more than three-quarters of the endemic and native vascular species of the flora are either threatened or endangered. The loss of vegetation has also resulted in a loss of genetic variability in some species as populations are reduced in size or go extinct. It is critical that the remaining genetic diversity be conserved, and genomic markers would provide guidelines for the conservation of the diversity of the endemic flora. To preserve the unique flora of these islands, further conservation measures are needed, especially in education and phytosanitary monitoring.

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TRIAPITSYN, SERGUEI V. « Review of Cremnomymar species (Hymenoptera : Mymaridae) in mainland South America, with a new generic synonymy ». Zootaxa 5463, n^o 1 (4 juin 2024) : 25–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5463.1.2.

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Parapolynema Fidalgo syn. n. (Hymenopterea: Mymaridae) is synonymized under the Neotropical genus Cremnomymar Ogloblin, and its two described species, both from Argentina, are transferred to Cremnomymar as C. sagittifer (Fidalgo) comb. n. and C. tucumanum (Fidalgo) comb. n. These species are redescribed based on type and non-type specimens from Argentina and two new species are described and diagnosed, C. fidalgoi Triapitsyn sp. n. from Argentina and Chile and C. nahuelbutae Triapitsyn sp. n. from Chile. A key to females of the four known species of Cremnomymar in mainland South America outside of Chile’s Juan Fernández Islands, from where seven other, endemic Cremnomymar species are known, is provided. The male of C. fernandezi Ogloblin is redescribed based on a non-type specimen from Robinson Crusoe Island, Juan Fernández Islands, and a possibly conspecific female from the same collecting event is described. The male paratype of C. kuscheli (Ogloblin) from Juan Fernández Islands is redescribed and illustrated.

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Veliz, David, Noemi Rojas-Hernández, Pablo Fibla, Boris Dewitte, Sebastián Cornejo-Guzmán et Carolina Parada. « High levels of connectivity over large distances in the diadematid sea urchin Centrostephanus sylviae ». PLOS ONE 16, n^o 11 (4 novembre 2021) : e0259595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259595.

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Most benthic marine invertebrates with sedentary benthic adult phases have planktonic larvae that permit connectivity between geographically isolated populations. Planktonic larval duration and oceanographic processes are vital to connecting populations of species inhabiting remote and distant islands. In the present study, we analyzed the population genetic structure of the sea urchin Centrostephanus sylviae, which inhabits only the Juan Fernández Archipelago and the Desventuradas islands, separated by more than 800 km. For 92 individuals collected from Robinson Crusoe and Selkirk Islands (Juan Fernández Archipelago) and San Ambrosio Island (Desventuradas Islands), 7,067 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained. The results did not show a spatial genetic structure for C. sylviae; relative high migration rates were revealed between the islands. An analysis of the water circulation pattern in the area described a predominant northward water flow with periods of inverted flow, suggesting that larvae could move in both directions. Overall, this evidence suggests that C. sylviae comprises a single large population composed of individuals separated by more than 800 km.

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Anderson, Gregory J., Daniel J. Crawford et Gabriel Bernardello. « The reproductive biology of island plants : the Juan Fernández and Canary Islands ». Vieraea Folia scientiarum biologicarum canariensium 41, Vieraea 41 (2013) : 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31939/vieraea.2013.41.08.

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Knowledge of reproductive biology is fundamental to understanding successful colonization and subsequent evolution of island plants, to founding effective conservation programs for island biota, and for the insights provided from island studies to understanding the evolution of plants in general. We focus on the reproductive biology of plants of the Canary Islands via a comparison with that of plants from the Chilean Juan Fernández (Robinson Crusoe Islands). We focus on breeding systems (i.e., compatibility, ability to self pollinate) and pollination. The breeding system of the progenitors of island lineages are inferred to assess the usual interpretation: i.e., that successful colonists are self compatible, i.e., following ‘Baker’s Law’ vs. the alternative of a mixed breeding system (‘leaky’ self incompatibility). We briefly review the mechanisms promoting outcrossing in self compatible hermaphroditic species. We assess whether current floral forms reflect pollination features of the colonizing ancestors or whether they represent selection on islands in situ. . The limited range of pollinators available to new island colonists especially of younger archipelagoes, forces adaptation to new syndromes that are not always reflected in their floral morphology or nectar. Despite the broad interest in island plants, there are few comprehensive studies of either breeding systems or pollination biology. Thus, generalizations about island systems can lead to misunderstandings: as Baker exhorted nearly a half century ago, more studies of island plant reproductive biology are needed. Furthermore, conservation programs will not be effective without a knowledge of reproductive biology of island natives.

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Kim, Seon-Hee, JiYoung Yang, Myong-Suk Cho, Tod F. Stuessy, Daniel J. Crawford et Seung-Chul Kim. « Chloroplast Genome Provides Insights into Molecular Evolution and Species Relationship of Fleabanes (Erigeron : Tribe Astereae, Asteraceae) in the Juan Fernández Islands, Chile ». Plants 13, n^o 5 (23 février 2024) : 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13050612.

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Erigeron represents the third largest genus on the Juan Fernández Islands, with six endemic species, five of which occur exclusively on the younger Alejandro Selkirk Island with one species on both islands. While its continental sister species is unknown, Erigeron on the Juan Fernández Islands appears to be monophyletic and most likely evolved from South American progenitor species. We characterized the complete chloroplast genomes of five Erigeron species, including accessions of E. fernandezia and one each from Alejandro Selkirk and Robinson Crusoe Islands, with the purposes of elucidating molecular evolution and phylogenetic relationships. We found highly conserved chloroplast genomes in size, gene order and contents, and further identified several mutation hotspot regions. In addition, we found two positively selected chloroplast genes (ccsA and ndhF) among species in the islands. The complete plastome sequences confirmed the monophyly of Erigeron in the islands and corroborated previous phylogenetic relationships among species. New findings in the current study include (1) two major lineages, E. turricola–E. luteoviridis and E. fernandezia–E. ingae–E. rupicola, (2) the non-monophyly of E. fernandezia occurring on the two islands, and (3) the non-monophyly of the alpine species E. ingae complex.

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Bourne, W. R. P., M. L. de Brooke, G. S. Clark et T. Stone. « Wildlife conservation problems in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile ». Oryx 26, n^o 1 (janvier 1992) : 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003060530002322x.

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The rugged islands where the original Robinson Crusoe was marooned in the south-east Pacific are remarkable for the number and variety of endemic plants, some of which are pollinated by a beautiful endemic hummingbird. They are also the main breeding station of a fur seal, which once numbered millions but was later thought to be extinct, and several widespread seabirds. So far the only losses appear to be the endemic sandalwoods and widespread elephant seal, but the other wildlife is now threatened by deforestation, erosion and competition or predation from introduced species. There is a need for more support for local conservation measures, since the islands may soon start to undergo rapid development.

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Baeza, Carlos M., Tod F. Stuessy et Clodomiro Marticorena. « Notes on the Poaceae of the Robinson Crusoe (Juan Fernández) Islands, Chile ». Brittonia 54, n^o 3 (juillet 2002) : 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1663/0007-196x(2002)054[0154:notpot]2.0.co;2.

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MARTÍNEZ, JAVIER, RODRIGO A. VÁSQUEZ, CRISTOBAL VENEGAS et SANTIAGO MERINO. « Molecular characterisation of haemoparasites in forest birds from Robinson Crusoe Island : Is the Austral Thrush a potential threat to endemic birds ? » Bird Conservation International 25, n^o 2 (19 août 2014) : 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270914000227.

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SummaryThe Juan Fernández Firecrown Sephanoides fernandensis and Juan Fernández Tit-Tyrant Anairetes fernandezianus are two endemic forest birds inhabiting Robinson Crusoe Island and are classified as ‘Critically Endangered’ and ‘Near Threatened’ respectively by IUCN. Previous research concluded that the two main factors involved in the decline of these birds were habitat degradation and the introduction of predator / competitor species. However, the potential role of parasitic diseases has not yet been explored. In order to explore hypothetical host-switching phenomena, we genetically identified the haemoparasites present in four bird species, the two endemic species mentioned above and two recent colonisers, Green-Backed Firecrown Sephanoides sephaniodes and Austral Thrush Turdus falcklandii. We failed to find infections by different blood parasites (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon, Trypanosoma, Babesia and Isospora) in the endangered Juan Fernández Firecrown. However, the Juan Fernández Tit-Tyrant was infected with some parasites shared with the Austral Thrush. The latter species may function as a key-host species on the island as it showed both the higher hemoparaasitic diversity and prevalence. The role of Green-Backed Firecrowns is apparently of lower importance because only one individual was found parasitized. The Austral Thrush could be responsible of the introduction of some parasites also isolated from the Juan Fernández Tit-Tyrant and represent a potential threat to the endemic firecrown due to its role as a reservoir. The spread of Austral Thrushes could increase the contact between species, increasing the probability of a switching event.

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SOTO, EDUARDO M., et MARTÍN J. RAMÍREZ. « Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Philisca Simon (Araneae : Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae) ». Zootaxa 3443, n^o 1 (29 août 2012) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3443.1.1.

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We review the spider genus Philisca Simon, an endemic of the southern forests in Chile and Argentina, and present aphylogenetic analysis including 15 species, of which five are newly described (P. atrata, P. robinson, P. viernes, P. pizarroiand P. robusta), together with other 98 representatives of the family Anyphaenidae. Four species names are considerednomina dubia (Clubiona gayi Nicolet, Drassus mirandus Nicolet, Clubiona altiformis Nicolet, P. obscura Simon). Cluiliuschilensis Mello-Leitão is newly synonymized with P. accentifera Simon. The phylogenetic analysis resulted in P.puconensis Ramírez branching off basally in the genus, because of its numerous leg spines and unmodified malechelicerae, all plesiomorphic for the group; the remaining species form two clear groups. The first one, formed by P. hahniSimon, P. tripunctata (Nicolet), P. amoena (Simon), P. hyadesi (Simon) and P. doilu (Ramírez), are grouped by the lossof spines on legs I and II. The second, formed by P. huapi Ramírez, P. ingens Berland, P. ornata Berland, P. accentiferaSimon, P. atrata and four new species endemic to the Robinson Crusoe Island in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, havethe male chelicerae, and in most cases also the endites, modified. In total, six species of Philisca are endemic to JuanFernández, but our dataset is not conclusive for the distinction of alternative colonization scenarios. We analyze theevolution of leg macrosetae, and show two independent instances of reduction of spination, one on the continent and another on the Juan Fernández islands.

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Livres sur le sujet "Robinson Crusoe Island (Juan Fernández Islands)"

Souhami, Diana. Selkirk's Island : The true and strange adventures of the real Robinson Crusoe. New York : Harcourt, 2001.

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Souhami, Diana. Selkirk's Island : The True and Strange Adventures of the Real Robinson Crusoe. Thorndike Press, 2002.

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Souhami, Diana. Selkirk's Island : The True and Strange Adventures of the Real Robinson Crusoe. Harvest Books, 2002.

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