Articles de revues : « Right hand side measure »

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Dolzmann, Georg, Norbert Hungerbühler et Stefan Müller. « The p -harmonic system with measure-valued right hand side ». Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincare (C) Non Linear Analysis 14, n^o 3 (1997) : 353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0294-1449(97)80141-2.

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Dolzmann, Georg, Norbert Hungerbühler et Stefan Müller. « Non-linear elliptic systems with measure-valued right hand side ». Mathematische Zeitschrift 226, n^o 4 (décembre 1997) : 545–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00004354.

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Kbiri Alaoui, Mohammed. « On Non Local p-Laplacian with Right Hand Side Radon Measure ». Fractal and Fractional 6, n^o 9 (25 août 2022) : 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract6090464.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the following non local p-Laplacian problem with data a bounded Radon measure ϑ∈Mb(Ω): (−Δ)psu=ϑinΩ, with vanishing conditions outside Ω, and where s∈(0,1),2−sN<p≤N. An existence result is provided, and some sharp regularity has been investigated. More precisely, we prove by using some fractional isoperimetric inequalities the existence of weak solution u such that: 1. If ϑ∈Mb(Ω), then u∈W0s1,q(Ω) for all s1<s and q<N(p−1)N−s. 2. If ϑ belongs to the Zygmund space LLogαL(Ω),α>N−sN, then the limiting regularity u∈W0s1,N(p−1)N−s(Ω) (for all s1<s). 3. If ϑ∈LLogαL(Ω), and α=N−sN with p=N, then we reach the maximal regularity with respect to s and N,u∈W0s,N(Ω).

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Azroul, E., M. B. Benboubker et M. Rhoudaf. « On some p(x)-quasilinear problem with right-hand side measure ». Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 102 (août 2014) : 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2013.09.009.

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Spielmann, R. « A Semilinear Elliptic Equation with Dirac Measure as Right-Hand Side ». Zeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen 16, n^o 4 (1997) : 919–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/zaa/797.

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Boccardo, I., et T. Gallouet. « Nonlinear Elliptic Equations with Right Hand Side Measures ». Communications in Partial Differential Equations 17, n^o 3-4 (janvier 1992) : 189–258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03605309208820857.

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CLAIN, STÉPHANE. « FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATIONS FOR THE LAPLACE OPERATOR WITH A RIGHT-HAND SIDE MEASURE ». Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 06, n^o 05 (août 1996) : 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202596000298.

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We study in this paper existence of a solution for problem Δu=µ in fractional Sobolev spaces [Formula: see text] where Ω is an open bounded polygonal convex domain of ℝ2 and µ a measure on Ω. Thanks to this regularity, we obtain estimates for ∇u−∇uh and u–uh in Lp norm where uh is the elliptic projection on a finite element discretized space associated to the Laplace operator.

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Jorgensen, L. G., G. Perko, G. Payne et N. H. Secher. « Effect of limb anesthesia on middle cerebral response to handgrip ». American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 264, n^o 2 (1 février 1993) : H553—H559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1993.264.2.h553.

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Transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to measure middle cerebral arterial mean flow velocity (Vmean) on both sides of the brain in 12 subjects during hand contractions before and during regional anesthesia of the left arm. At rest Vmean was 49 (36-104) cm/s (median and range) and was unaffected by regional anesthesia. During right-hand contractions Vmean remained unchanged on the right side of the brain, whereas it increased 20 (4-37)% (P < 0.01) on the left side of the brain. Similarly, during left-hand contractions Vmean increased 24 (2-42)% (P < 0.01) on the right side of the brain, while it remained unchanged on the left side of the brain. Regional anesthesia did not quantitatively affect Vmean during right-hand contractions. In contrast, during left-hand contractions, both right and left Vmean tended to decrease. Increases in Vmean appeared despite a decrease in arterial carbon dioxide tension (P < 0.01). Heart rate and blood pressure responses to hand contractions were enhanced during regional anesthesia (P < 0.01), but left-hand contractions resulted in a less pronounced increase in blood pressure (P < 0.01). These data demonstrate a contralateral increase in cerebral perfusion during hand contractions that is dependent on intact afferent input from the working limb.

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Ciarlet, Philippe G., Maria Malin et Cristinel Mardare. « New estimates of the distance between two surfaces in terms of the distance between their fundamental forms ». Analysis and Applications 17, n^o 03 (mai 2019) : 363–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219530518500136.

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A nonlinear Korn inequality on a surface is any estimate of the distance, up to a proper isometry of [Formula: see text], between two surfaces measured by some appropriate norms (the “left-hand side” of the inequality) in terms of the distances between their three fundamental forms measured by some appropriate norms (the “right-hand side” of the inequality). The first objective of this paper is to provide several extensions of a nonlinear Korn inequality on a surface obtained in 2006 by the first and third authors and Gratie, then measured by means of [Formula: see text]-norms on the left-hand side and [Formula: see text]-norms on the right-hand side. First, we extend this inequality to [Formula: see text]-norms on the left-hand side and [Formula: see text]-norms on the right-hand side for any [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] that satisfy [Formula: see text]; second, we show how the third fundamental forms can be disposed in the right-hand side; and third, we show that there is no need to introduce proper isometries of [Formula: see text] in the left-hand side if the surfaces satisfy appropriate boundary conditions. The second objective is to provide nonlinear Korn inequalities on a surface where the left-hand sides are now measured by means of [Formula: see text]-norms while the right-hand sides are measured by means of [Formula: see text]-norms, for any [Formula: see text]. These nonlinear Korn inequalities on a surface themselves rely on various nonlinear Korn inequalities in a domain in [Formula: see text], recently obtained by the first and third authors in 2015 and by the first author and Sorin Mardare in 2016.

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Boccardo, Lucio, et Fran�ois Murat. « A property of nonlinear elliptic equations when the right-hand side is a measure ». Potential Analysis 3, n^o 3 (septembre 1994) : 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01468245.

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Kbiri Alaoui, Mohammed. « On Elliptic Equations in Orlicz Spaces Involving Natural Growth Term and Measure Data ». Abstract and Applied Analysis 2012 (2012) : 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/615816.

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Zafar, Hamayun, Ahmad Alghadir et Shahnawaz Anwer. « Effects of Head-Neck Positions on the Hand Grip Strength in Healthy Young Adults : A Cross-Sectional Study ». BioMed Research International 2018 (25 juillet 2018) : 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7384928.

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Background.Assessment of hand grip strength is vital for the evaluation of upper limb impairments and effective exercise prescription. Present study primarily aimed to investigate the effect of head-neck positions on the hand grip strength in healthy young adults. Secondarily, the present study compared hand grip strength between left versus right hand in different head-neck positions.Methods.Healthy young adults (age 19 – 30 year; n = 40) participated in this cross-sectional study. Hand grip strength was assessed in three head-neck positions (neutral, rotation left, and rotation right) using the standard adjustable Jamar hand dynamometer.Results. Hand grip strength in both sides (left and right) was greatest in the head-neck neutral position. Hand grip strength measured in head-neck left rotation position displayed the least strength in both sides. There was no significant difference noted between left and right side hand grip strength measured in head-neck neutral and right rotation positions. However, there was a significant difference noted between left and right side hand grip strength measured in head-neck left rotation positions. There was no significant effect of head-neck positions on hand grip strength noted in both sides.Conclusions. Hand grip strength was highest in the head-neck neutral position followed by head-neck rotation to the right. However, head-neck positions did not significantly affect hand grip strength in healthy young adults. Further studies assessing the hand grip strength in different neck positions in patients with neck pain and upper limb dysfunction may have significant implications for the assessment of hand grip strength.

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Varu, Pratik R., Prince J. Manvar, H. M. Mangal, Hetal C. Kyada, Divyesh K. Vadgama et Shailesh D. Bhuva. « Determination of stature from hand dimensions ». Journal of Medical Research 1, n^o 3 (25 juin 2015) : 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2015.1310.

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Background: Due to increase events of mass disaster and brutal murders, dismembered body parts are sent to postmortem examination every now and then. Determination of stature from dismembered body parts can play vital role for identification of person. This study can be helpful there to determine stature from Hand length and Hand breadth. Aims and Objectives: To derive Regression formula and multiplication factor to determine stature from Hand length and Hand breadth for population in and around Rajkot region of Gujarat. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 100 male cases and 100 female cases randomly selected from cadavers brought for post-mortem examination at mortuary of P. D. U. Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Rajkot. Stature was measured with measuring tape and Hand dimensions were measured by Sliding caliper after breaking Rigor mortis, if developed. Statistics: Collected data were statistically analysed using software like Epi info 7 and Microsoft excel. Results: Hand length and Hand breadth of right as well as left sides were positively and significantly correlated to stature (r ranging from 0.423 to 0.639, p<0.001). No significant difference was observed in Hand length of both sides (p>0.05), however Hand breadth of right side wassignificantly higher than left side (p<0.05). Stature, Hand length and Hand breadth of male were significantly greater than of female (p<0.05). Regression formula were showing standard error of estimate (SEE) ranging from ±4.70 to ±5.99. Hand length was showing less SEE than Hand breadth, making it more useful for determination of stature. Conclusion: Hand length and Hand breadth are showing good correlation with stature. It was found from the study that regression formula can measure stature more precisely than multiplication factor, moreover regression formula derived from Hand length predicts stature more accurately than from Hand breadth. Regression formula and multiplication factor derived by present study for population in and around Rajkot region can be used for identification purpose in medico-legal cases.

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Bernik, V. I., D. V. Vasilyev et E. V. Zasimovich. « Diophantine approximation with the constant right-hand side of inequalities on short intervals ». Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus 65, n^o 4 (2 septembre 2021) : 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-4-397-403.

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In the metric theory of Diophantine approximations, one of the main problems leading to exact characteristics in the classifications of Mahler and Koksma is to estimate the Lebesgue measure of the points x ∈ B ⊂ I from the interval I such as the inequality | P (x) | < Q-w, w > n, Q >1 for the polynomials P(x) ∈ Z[x], deg P ≤ n, H(P) ≤Q is satisfied. The methods of obtaining estimates are different at different intervals of w change. In this article, at w > n +1 we get the estimate µ B< c1(n) Q – (w-1/n). The best estimate to date was c2(n) Q –(w- n/n).

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Kim, Ae-Ryoung, Dougho Park et Yang-Soo Lee. « Reliability and Validity of the Ground Reaction Force Asymmetric Index at Seat-Off as a Measure of Lower Limb Functional Muscle Strength : A Preliminary Study ». Applied Sciences 11, n^o 14 (15 juillet 2021) : 6527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146527.

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This study examined the reliability of the newly developed ground reaction force asymmetry index (GRF AI) at seat-off using a low-cost force plate and the validity of this new test by comparing it with other muscle strength-measuring methods and walking speed. This study was a cross-sectional design in general hospital setting. A convenience sample of 47 community-dwelling adults aged ≥40 years was performed. GRF AI is the measurement value obtained by shifting the weight to the right and left while performing sit-to-stand (STS). GRF AI assessed using GRF data at seat-off during an STS test with maximal weight shift to the right and left side and repeated 4 weeks later. Hip and knee extensor strength were measured using hand-held dynamometry; hand grip strength and walking speed were measured using a standardized method. Intrasessional intrarater reliability of the right and left side at Sessions 1 and 2 were high (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC] = 0.947 and 0.974; 0.931 and 0.970, respectively). In addition, the intersessional intrarater reliability of a single test trial (ICC = 0.911 and 0.930) and the mean of three test trials (ICC = 0.965 and 0.979) was also high. There was a low correlation between right-side GRF AI and right hand grip strength (r = 0.268) and between left-side GRF AI and left hand grip strength (r = 0.316). No significant correlations were found between the GRF AI and other parameters. Although the reliability of the GRF AI was high, the validity was poor. To be clinically useful, this test should be further refined by modifying the test protocol.

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Lidouh, Abdeluaab, et Rachid Messaoudi. « Affine Discontinuous Galerkin Method Approximation of Second-Order Linear Elliptic Equations in Divergence Form with Right-Hand Side in L1 ». International Journal of Differential Equations 2018 (2 juillet 2018) : 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4650512.

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We consider the standard affine discontinuous Galerkin method approximation of the second-order linear elliptic equation in divergence form with coefficients in L∞Ω and the right-hand side belongs to L1Ω; we extend the results where the case of linear finite elements approximation is considered. We prove that the unique solution of the discrete problem converges in W01,qΩ for every q with 1≤q<d/d-1 (d=2 or d=3) to the unique renormalized solution of the problem. Statements and proofs remain valid in our case, which permits obtaining a weaker result when the right-hand side is a bounded Radon measure and, when the coefficients are smooth, an error estimate in W01,qΩ when the right-hand side f belongs to LrΩ verifying Tkf∈H1Ω for every k>0, for some r>1.

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Ramos, A. D., et C. D. B. da Silva. « Locality of the interaction affects dynamics in probabilistic cellular automata ». Journal of Mathematical Physics 63, n^o 6 (1 juin 2022) : 063304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0026036.

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We study a class of one-dimensional probabilistic cellular automata in which each component can be in either state zero or state one. The component interacts with two neighbors: if its neighbors are in an equal state, then the component assumes the same state as its neighbors. If its neighbors are in different states, the following can happen: a one on the right-hand side of a zero, in which case the component becomes one with probability α or zero with probability 1 − α, and conversely, a zero on the right-hand side of a one, in which case the component becomes one with probability β or zero with probability 1 − β. For a set of initial distributions when both neighbors are placed on the right-hand side (respectively, both on the left-hand side) of a component, we prove that the process always converges weakly to the measure concentrated on the configuration where all the components are zeros. When one neighbor is placed on the left-hand side and the other is on the right-hand side, the same convergence happens when β < f N( α), where N is the distance between the neighbors. However, this convergence does not happen for β > 1/2 α. Thus, in this case, we get the regimes of ergodicity and non-ergodicity. Moreover, we exhibit another type of phase transition, independent of neighbors’ locations. We also present some numerical studies in which we use mean field approximation and Monte Carlo simulation.

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ŁUKASZEWICZ, G. « ON PULLBACK ATTRACTORS IN $H^1_0$ FOR NONAUTONOMOUS REACTION–DIFFUSION EQUATIONS ». International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 20, n^o 09 (septembre 2010) : 2637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127410027258.

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Using a recent method based on the concept of the Kuratowski measure of noncompactness of a bounded set together with some new estimates of solutions, we prove the existence of a unique minimal pullback attractor for the evolutionary process associated with a nonautonomous nonlinear reaction–diffusion system in [Formula: see text] in which the right-hand side satisfies only a certain integrability condition. In particular, we generalize a result obtained recently in [Li & Zhong, 2007] where at most an exponential growth of the right-hand side has been assumed for times going to both plus and minus infinity.

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Bernik, V. I., N. V. Budarina et E. V. Zasimovich. « Diophantine approximations with a constant right-hand side of inequalities on short intervals. 1 ». Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus 65, n^o 5 (8 novembre 2021) : 526–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-5-526-532.

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The problem of finding the Lebesgue measure 𝛍 of the set B1 of the coverings of the solutions of the inequality, ⎸Px⎹ <Q−w, w>n , Q ∈ N and Q >1, in integer polynomials P (x) of degree, which doesn’t exceed n and the height H (P) ≤ Q , is one of the main problems in the metric theory of the Diophantine approximation. We have obtained a new bound 𝛍B1 <c(n)Q−w+n, n<w<n+1, that is the most powerful to date. Even an ineffective version of this bound allowed V. G. Sprindzuk to solve Mahler’s famous problem.

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Azroul, Elhoussine, Mohamed Badr Benboubker, Rachid Bouzyani et Houssam Chrayteh. « Renormalized solutions for some nonlinear nonhomogeneous elliptic problems with Neumann boundary conditions and right hand side measure ». Boletim da Sociedade Paranaense de Matemática 39, n^o 6 (1 janvier 2021) : 81–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5269/bspm.41896.

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Our aim in this paper is to study the existence of renormalized solution for a class of nonlinear p(x)-Laplace problems with Neumann nonhomogeneous boundary conditions and diuse Radon measure data which does not charge the sets of zero p(.)-capacity

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Yazough, C., E. Azroul et H. Redwane. « On some nonlinear nonhomogeneous elliptic unilateral problems involving noncontrollable lower order terms with measure right hand side ». Applicationes Mathematicae 40, n^o 2 (2013) : 197–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/am40-2-4.

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Limić, Nedžad, et Mladen Rogina. « Numerical solutions of Dirichlet problem for elliptic operator in divergence form with a right-hand side measure ». Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 164-165 (mars 2004) : 493–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0427(03)00649-6.

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Betta, Maria Francesca, Anna Mercaldo, François Murat et Maria Michaela Porzio. « Existence of renormalized solutions to nonlinear elliptic equations with lower-order terms and right-hand side measure ». Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées 81, n^o 6 (2002) : 533–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-7824(01)01248-x.

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Shah, S. K., et B. I. Cooper. « Performance on a Fine Motor Task by Dominant Hemiplegics ». Occupational Therapy Journal of Research 7, n^o 5 (septembre 1987) : 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153944928700700501.

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The left and right hand performance of 321 right-dominant older unimpaired persons on a timed test of fine motor planning was compared with that of 244 right-dominant patients with unilatereral brain damage following stroke, using the unaffected hand. The test task, a cost- and time-efficient measure of manipulative ability, differentiated between older unimpaired persons and hemiplegic patients but did not discriminate side affected. The significant effects of right and left hemisphere stroke, aphasia, advancing age, and sex differences on manipulative ability, and their implications, are discussed in relation to the literature on ideational apraxia.

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Su, LingDe, et V. I. Vasil’ev. « Identification of spacewise dependent right-hand side in two dimensional parabolic equation ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2092, n^o 1 (1 décembre 2021) : 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2092/1/012019.

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Abstract In this paper numerical solution of the inverse problem of determining a spacewise dependent right-hand side function in two dimensional parabolic equation is considered. Usually, the right-hand side function dependent on spatial variable is obtained from measured data of the solution at the final time point. Many mathematical modeling problems in the field of physics and engineering will encounter the inverse problems to identify the right-hand terms. When studying an inverse problem of identifying the spacewise dependent right-hand function, iterative methods are often used. We propose a new conjugate gradient method based on the constructed self-adjoint operator of the equation for numerical solution of the function and numerical examples illustrate the efficiency and accuracy.

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Zhang, Chao. « Estimates for parabolic equations with measure data in generalized Morrey spaces ». Communications in Contemporary Mathematics 21, n^o 05 (12 juillet 2019) : 1850044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021919971850044x.

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In this paper, we prove the optimal generalized Morrey estimates for the spatial gradient of the solutions obtained by limits of approximations (SOLA) for a class of parabolic problems with right-hand side measure in a very general irregular domain. The nonlinearity is assumed to be merely measurable only in the time variable [Formula: see text] and belongs to the small bounded mean oscillation (BMO) class as functions of the spatial variable [Formula: see text].

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Pierson-Savage, Jane M., et John L. Bradshaw. « Mapping of Extracorporeal Space by Vibrotactile Reaction Times : A Far-Left-Side Disadvantage ». Perception 16, n^o 3 (juin 1987) : 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p160283.

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Vibrotactile reaction times in normal dextrals were measured for the two hands separately when either hand was located at each of seven possible positions: 90°, 45°, and 15° to the left and right of the chest midline, and at the midline itself (0°). Reaction times for the two hands did not differ and there was no Hand by Position interaction. At 90° left, reaction times were significantly slower than at any other position except 45° right. However, none of the other positions, including 45° right, differed from each other. Performance in this task, therefore, was relatively uniform from 90° right to 45° left, but markedly slower at 90° left. This far-left-side disadvantage may reflect a difficulty (for dextrals) in focussing covert attention in the far-left part of space for a block of trials. Since vibrotactile reaction times are sensitive to attentional factors in normal subjects, the paradigm should allow quantification of the clinical symptoms of the hemineglect syndrome; some preliminary observations of this syndrome with another vibrotactile design are reported.

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Hussein, Nada, Abdallah Alashqur et Bilal Sowan. « Using the interestingness measure lift to generate association rules ». Journal of Advanced Computer Science & ; Technology 4, n^o 1 (6 avril 2015) : 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/jacst.v4i1.4398.

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<p>In this digital age, organizations have to deal with huge amounts of data, sometimes called Big Data. In recent years, the volume of data has increased substantially. Consequently, finding efficient and automated techniques for discovering useful patterns and relationships in the data becomes very important. In data mining, patterns and relationships can be represented in the form of association rules. Current techniques for discovering association rules rely on measures such as support for finding frequent patterns and confidence for finding association rules. A shortcoming of confidence is that it does not capture the correlation that exists between the left-hand side (LHS) and the right-hand side (RHS) of an association rule. On the other hand, the interestingness measure lift captures such as correlation in the sense that it tells us whether the LHS influences the RHS positively or negatively. Therefore, using Lift instead of confidence as a criteria for discovering association rules can be more effective. It also gives the user more choices in determining the kind of association rules to be discovered. This in turn helps to narrow down the search space and consequently, improves performance. In this paper, we describe a new approach for discovering association rules that is based on Lift and not based on confidence.</p>

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Azroul, Elhoussine, Abdelkrim Barbara et Hicham Redwane. « Existence and Nonexistence of a Solution for a Nonlinear p(x)-Elliptic Problem with Right-Hand Side Measure ». International Journal of Analysis 2014 (4 mai 2014) : 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/320527.

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We discuss the existence and nonexistence of solution of a nonlinear problem p(x)-elliptic-div(a(x,∇u))+g(x,u,∇u)=μ, where μ is a Radon measure with bounded total variation, by considering the Sobolev spaces with variable exponents. This study is done in two cases: (i) μ is absolutely continuous with respect to p(x)-capacity. and (ii) μ is concentrated on a Borel set of null p(x)-capacity.

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Dolzmann, G., N. Hungerbühler et S. Müller. « Uniqueness and maximal regularity for nonlinear elliptic systems of n--Laplace type with measure valued right hand side ». Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (Crelles Journal) 2000, n^o 520 (29 janvier 2000) : 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/crll.2000.022.

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Abdellaoui, Mohammed, et Elhoussine Azroul. « Homogenization of a nonlinear parabolic problem corresponding to a Leray–Lions monotone operator with right-hand side measure ». SeMA Journal 77, n^o 1 (26 juillet 2019) : 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40324-019-00197-8.

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SH, Charmode, Kadlimatti HS et Pujari D. « Correlation of Human Height with Hand Dimensions : A Study in Young Population of Central India ». International Journal of Human Anatomy 1, n^o 3 (3 février 2019) : 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2577-2279.ijha-19-2609.

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Background and Objective Identification of sex, age, race and stature is the most important aspect of any forensic investigation. There is a strong correlation of stature with hand dimensions and if either of the measurements is known, the other can be calculated. With this objective, the present study was designed to correlate the hand dimensions with stature of an individual and to record the standard deviation in the estimation of stature. Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 1000 participants (500 male and 500 female) of ESIC Institute Gulbarga over a period of 14 months. Hand dimensions along with stature and weight were measured. Linear regression coefficient was calculated. Results Mean stature was 161.88 cm. Mean hand length was 18.11 cm on right side and 18.10 cm on left side. Mean hand breadth was 9.91 cm on right side and 9.83 cm on left side. Conclusion Highly significant difference in right and left side mean hand length and breadth measurements was observed. Also observed was a strong positive statistically significant correlation between height and hand dimensions. This data might be useful for forensic, epidemiological and anthropometric studies where stature determination is of utmost importance.

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Betta, M. Francesca, Anna Mercaldo, François Murat et M. Michaela Porzio. « Existence of renormalized solutions to nonlinear elliptic equations with a lower-order term and right-hand side a measure ». Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées 82, n^o 1 (janvier 2003) : 90–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-7824(03)00006-0.

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Ok, Nusret, Kadir Agladioglu, Harun R. Gungor, Ali Kitis, Semih Akkaya, Nuran Sabir Akkoyunlu et Fahir Demirkan. « Relationship of side dominance and ultrasonographic measurements of pronator quadratus muscle along with handgrip and pinch strength. » Medical Ultrasonography 18, n^o 2 (1 juin 2016) : 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.11152/mu-75.

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Aims: We ascertained effects of hand dominance in both right and left-handed volunteers on the thickness and cross sectional area (CSA) of pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle as measured by the axial and sagittal views of ultrasound imaging. Secondly, we also aimed to document the extent of the relationship between the PQ measurements and handgrip. Materials and methods: Healthy adults from the volunteer medical staff were included in the study. Handedness was assessed via The Flinders Handedness survey. The sonographic appearance of the PQ was evaluated on sagittal and axial images for both hands. CSA of PQ muscle was digitally drawn and calculated on the axial plane. Handgrip was measured by using adjustable-handle dynamometer. Results: Eighty-nine healthy volunteers were included (54 right and 35 left-handed). Significant difference was detected between dominant and non-dominant hands in CSA and muscle thickness in both right and left-handed volunteers (p<0.05). These measurements were correlated with the handgrip strength (p<0.05, r=0.55, and r=0.43 for right-handed volunteers, r=0.67 and r=0.48 for left-handed volunteers, respectively). There were also significantly high correlations between the measurements of CSA and PQ thickness of the corresponding extremity in both right-handed and left-handed volunteers (p<0.05). Conclusions: A statistically significant difference exists between dominant and non-dominant hands in CSA and muscle thickness measured by US in both right and left handed volunteers, and this is correlated with handgrip strength. Hand dominance should be considered to compare healthy and affected sites during US of PQ while investigating for occult fractures of distal forearm or PQ atrophy due to anterior interosseous nerve injury.

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Ghosh, Indradeep. « The Relation between Trade and FDI in Developing Countries -- A Panel Data Approach ». Global Economy Journal 7, n^o 3 (août 2007) : 1850114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1272.

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Using panel data for the period 1970-97, I examine the relation between a developing country's trade openness and the stock of its FDI liabilities. The paper makes two contributions. First, I find that trade openness is positively correlated with FDI liabilities, with or without country fixed effects. Moreover, this correlation remains robust to the inclusion of additional variables on the right hand side, such as GDP per capita, inflation, institutional quality, macroeconomic volatility and measures of capital controls. Secondly, I show that the source of this correlation is causality from FDI to trade openness, rather than the other way around. To establish this, I run IV regressions first with FDI as the dependent variable, and trade liberalization dates instrumenting for trade openness, and then with trade openness as the dependent variable, and bilateral investment treaties signed by countries instrumenting for FDI. I find that trade liberalization increases trade openness, but predicted trade openness has no explanatory power for FDI liabilities. On the other hand, the number of bilateral investment treaties signed by a country significantly increases its stock of FDI liabilities, and the predicted stock of FDI liabilities has significant explanatory power for trade openness. This is an important finding because the standard approach so far in the literature has been to include trade openness on the right hand side of regressions (with the left hand side involving some measure of FDI liabilities), thereby implicitly assigning to it a causal role. My paper shows that this practice introduces endogeneity bias in the regression coefficients.

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Basin, Michael V. « On an infinite-dimensional differential equation in vector distribution with discontinuous regular functions in a right hand side ». Journal of Applied Mathematics and Stochastic Analysis 9, n^o 1 (1 janvier 1996) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1048953396000019.

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An infinite-dimensional differential equation in vector distribution in a Hilbert space is studied in case of an unbounded operator and discontinuous regular functions in a right-hand side. A unique solution (vibrosolution) is defined for such an equation, and the necessary and sufficient existence conditions for a vibrosolution are proved. An equivalent equation with a measure, which enables us to directly compute jumps of a vibrosolution at discontinuity points of a distribution function, is also obtained. The application of the obtained results to control theory is discussed in the conclusion.

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Kolínský, Roman, et Jiří Zháněl. « Lateral differences in maximal grip strength in Czech male tennis players aged 11 – 12 in the context of injury prevention ». Studia sportiva 13, n^o 1 (27 juin 2019) : 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2019-1-6.

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The term laterality indicates the one-sided preference or functional advantage of the stronger, more accurate and coordinated limbs or organs and the brain hemisphere of a human body. In the preference process, more accurate, precise, coordinated and stronger side is chosen from the perspective of motoric functions. Among the general population is about 10-13% of left-handers and in certain sport fields this percentage may (baseball, tennis, box etc.). The left-handed dominance in tennis is considered an advantage. Due to unilateral load, there may be an excessive side-effect in strength differences in tennis and overloading of specific muscle group could lead to an injury. The aim of the research was to identify the levels of somatic and strength characteristics and assess the lateral difference in maximal grip strength of Czech elite male tennis players. The sample consisted of male tennis players, ranging in age from 11 to 12.9 years (n=186) who participated in the regular tests for Czech Tennis Association in years 2000-2018. Base anthropometrics were measured (height, weight) and maximal grip strength of both hands using the hand-held dynamometry (Grip D, Takei). Data came from normal distribution (statistically proven – chi-square test). The basic statistical characteristics were calculated (body height, M=155.08±7.98 cm; body weight, M=43.45±7.13 kg; strength of right hand: M=24.88±4.67 kp; strength of left hand: M=21.70±4.74 kp). It was found that 87.6% of the players (n=163) were right-handed and the remaining 12.4% left-handed (n=23). The assessment of the significance (Cohen´s d) between the dominant (playing) hand for the right-handed and left-handed players showed small effect size (dominant hand right: MRHR=25.11±4.41 kp, dominant hand left: MLHL=26.62±5.65 kp; d=0.30, small) in favor of the left-handed players. The difference between the dominant and the non-dominant hand showed large effect size for the right-handed (dominant hand right vs. hand left; MRHR=25.11±4.41 kp, MRHL=21.01±4.15 kp, d=0.96, large) and medium effect size for the left-handed players (dominant hand left vs. hand right; MLHL=26.62±5.65 kp, MLHR=23.24±5.98 kp, d=0.58, medium). The results showed that the value of 15 % level of strength laterality between dominant and non-dominant hand was exceeded for the right-handed (55.83 %) and left-handed (43.48%) groups ergo the exceeded value could be a cause of injuries. Because of this signals attention should be given during training process for optimizing the required load.

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Lee, Songil, Donghee Choi, Hyeeun Choi, Kitae Hwang, Seonghyeok Park, Minjoong Kim, Jihhyeon Yi, Si Jung Kim et Gyouhyung Kyung*. « Determining ergonomic forms for rollable display devices ». Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, n^o 1 (septembre 2018) : 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621234.

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Following commercialization of curved displays, foldable and rollable displays are under development. The rollable display should be unrolled first using a pulling motion to access the screen. The corresponding pulling force acting on the lateral grip (bezel) areas of the device should be higher than the spring force typically used for retracting the screen. The objective of the current study was to examine the effects of hand length and device thickness on the required lateral grip area sizes of the rollable display device and the grip comfort for the screen unrolling motion, and to ultimately determine the ergonomic bezel width and device thickness associated with high grip comfort. Thirty young individuals with the mean (SD) age of 22.1 (2.2) years participated in this study. All participants were recruited from a university population, right-handed, and healthy without any musculoskeletal diseases on their upper limbs. This study was a 3 (Hand length) × 3 (Device thickness) mixed factorial design. Hand length (HandS/M/L; between-subjects factor) consisted of HandS (short hand length; ≤162.5 mm, 10th percentile), HandM (medium hand length; 174.6–177.3 mm, 45th–55th percentile), and HandL (large hand length; ≥189.4 mm, 90th percentile). Device thickness (DeviceThin/Medium/Thick; within-subjects factor) consisted of DeviceThin (2 mm thick), DeviceMedium (6 mm thick), and DeviceThick (10 mm thick). Each of three rollable display device prototypes was comprised of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene plastic panels, a roll of paper screen (to show a default screen), a roller, and a spring (to roll the screen). The thickness of the right side of the device was manipulated, whereas that of the left side was fixed at 10 mm to house the three parts described above (a rollable screen, a roller, and a spring). When fully unrolled, the sizes of each prototype and the screen were 140H × 300W × 2.5R (mm) and 130H × 260W (mm), respectively. The prototype was equally split into two sides, with each grip part (bezel) 20 mm wide. A 1 mm-interval grid image (130H × 20W (mm)) was attached to each bezel to measure the bezel area involved in gripping. The initial pulling force for unrolling the screen was 2.5N. A desk (150 × 60 × 73 cm) and a height-adjustable chair were used. First, participants unrolled and rolled the prototypes freely for five min to familiarize themselves with how to use the prototypes. A randomly assigned prototype was evaluated three times as follows. Each seated participant repeated unrolling and rolling motions with the assigned prototype until they found the most comfortable grip. While the screen was fully unrolled using the most comfortable grip, each grip area was photographed from four different directions. Then, each individual rated the grip comfort of each hand on a 100mm Visual Analogue Scale (0: Very uncomfortable, 100: Very comfortable). A paper-and-pencil method was used for comfort ratings. The entire procedure to evaluate the three prototypes required about 30 min per participant. Regardless of hand length, the width of the grip area from the device side edge was up to 20 mm. The mean (SD) height of the grip areas for HandS/M/L was 108.8 (3.1), 116.8 (2.5), 124.2 (2.3), respectively. Regardless of hand length, the lower end of the grip area reached the bottom of the device, while the upper end moved more upward with hand lengths. The thinner the device was, the smaller the difference in the grip areas was across the three hand-length groups. In addition, grip comfort increased with device thickness. When gripping a thinner object, the grip posture becomes more deviated from a relaxed hand posture to make more flexions of the thumb and fingers. The simple linear regression model for the left-hand grip comfort on the right-hand grip comfort was constructed (R2 = 0.68 and p-values <0.001): Y(left-hand grip comfort)=23.1+0.74×X(right-hand grip comfort) This regression model indicates that the two grip comfort ratings were positively correlated. In addition, the right-hand grip comfort ratings were lower than the left-hand grip comfort ratings. The mean (SD) comfort ratings for the left and right hands were 75.1 (19.2) and 78.6 (17.3), respectively, with p-value for a paired t-test < 0.001. Thus, device thickness appears to be an important design dimension that influences the grip comfort associated with screen unrolling. There are some limitations in the current study. First, the initial pulling force required for screen unrolling was fixed at 2.5N. The screen unrolling motion involves external rotation of the shoulders. To the authors’ knowledge, no study has investigated an ergonomic force range for this motion. Second, some measurement errors may have been involved in manually identifying the grip area based on the photographs. Using touch sensors would provide more accurate and faster measurements. Finally, it is necessary to analyze the grip areas more in detail. The current study investigated the effects of hand length and device thickness on the grip area and the grip comfort of each hand for rollable display devices. The findings suggested that regardless of hand length, the side bezel of a rollable display device should be at least 20 mm wide and the device should be sufficiently thick (preferably 10 mm thick) to ensure high grip comfort. These findings will be useful when designing ergonomic rollable display devices with high grip comfort.

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Takahara, Terumasa, Hidetaka Yamaguchi, Kazutoshi Seki et Sho Onodera. « Modulation of subjective peripheral sensation, F-waves, and somatosensory evoked potentials in response to unilateral pinch task measured on the contractile and non-contractile sides ». PLOS ONE 17, n^o 4 (22 avril 2022) : e0261393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261393.

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Depression of the sensory input during voluntary muscle contractions has been demonstrated using electrophysiological methods in both animals and humans. However, the association between electrophysiological responses of the sensory system and subjective peripheral sensation (SPS) during a voluntary muscle contraction remains unclear. This study aimed to describe the changes in SPS, spinal α-motoneuron excitability (F-wave to M-wave amplitude), and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) during a unilateral pinch-grip task. Outcome variables were measured on the side ipsilateral and contralateral to the muscle contraction and at rest (control). Participants were 8 healthy men aged 20.9±0.8 years. The isometric pinch-grip task was performed at 30% of the maximum voluntary isometric force measured for the right and left hands separately. The appearance rate of the F-wave during the task was significantly higher for the ipsilateral (right) hand than for the contralateral (left) hand and control condition. Although there was no difference in the F-wave latency between hands and the control condition, the amplitude of the F-wave was significantly higher for the ipsilateral (right) hand than for the contralateral (left) hand and the control condition. There was no difference in the amplitude of the SEP at N20. However, the amplitude at P25 was significantly lower for the ipsilateral (right) hand than for the contralateral (left) hand and the control condition. The accuracy rate of detecting tactile stimulation, evaluated for 20 repetitions using a Semmes–Weinstein monofilament at the sensory threshold for each participant, was significantly lower during the pinch-grip task for both the ipsilateral (right) and contralateral (left) hands than in the control condition. Overall, our findings show that SPS and neurophysiological parameters were not modulated in parallel during the task, with changes in the subjective sensation preceding changes in electrophysiological indices during the motor task. Our findings provide basic information on sensory-motor coordination.

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Ghazali, Aiham Daniel, Elsa Deilhes, Julie Thomas, Catherine Laland, Sarah Thévenot, Jean Pierre Richer et Denis Oriot. « Impact of a simulation-based training in hand hygiene with alcohol-based hand rub in emergency departments ». Infection Control & ; Hospital Epidemiology 39, n^o 11 (15 octobre 2018) : 1347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2018.229.

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AbstractBackgroundHand hygiene is the primary measure for reducing nosocomial infections based on 7 steps recommended by the WHO. The aim of this study was to assess the duration and the quality of hand hygiene before and after simulation-based training (SBT).MethodsThe study took place in a University Hospital Pediatric Department among its residents and nurses. In assessment A, 10 hand-rubbing procedures per participant during a work day were scored by observers using a validated, anatomically based assessment scale. Two weeks later, all participants received a didactic course and SBT, followed 1 month later by assessment B, observation of 10 hand-rubbing procedures. Assessments were performed by 2 independent observers. Before-and-after testing was used to evaluate the demonstration of theoretical knowledge.ResultsIn total, 22 participants were included, for whom 438 hand hygiene procedures were assessed: 218 for assessment A and 220 for assessment B. The duration of hand rubbing increased from 31.16 seconds in assessment A to 35.75 seconds in assessment B (P=.04). In assessment A, participants averaged 6.33 steps, and in assessment B, participants averaged 6.03 steps (difference not significant). Significant improvement in scores was observed between assessments A and B, except for the dorsal side of the right hand. The wrist and interdigital areas were the least-cleaned zones. A difference between assessments A and B was observed for nail varnish (P=.003) but not for long nails or jewelry. Theoretical scores increased from 2.83 to 4.29 (scale of 0–5; P<.001).ConclusionThis study revealed that an optimal number of steps were performed during hand-rubbing procedures and that SBT improved the duration and quality of hand hygiene, except for the dorsal right side. Emphasis should be placed on the specific hand areas that remained unclean after regular hand-rubbing procedures.

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Hardy, Richard E., Engin Sungur, Christopher Butler et Jefferson C. Brand. « The Influence of Health Perception on Shoulder Outcome Measure Scores ». Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow 22, n^o 4 (1 décembre 2019) : 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5397/cise.2019.22.4.173.

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Background: Patient reported outcome measures assess clinical progress from the patient’s perspective. This study explored the relationship between shoulder outcome measures (The Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [DASH], American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standard Shoulder Assessment score [ASES], and Constant score) by comparing the best possible scores obtained in an asymptomatic population compared to overall perception of health, as measured by the SF-36 outcome measure.Methods: Volunteers (age range, 20?69 years) with asymptomatic shoulders and no history of shoulder pain, injury, surgery, imaging, or pathology (bilaterally) were included. The DASH and ASES measures were completed by 111 volunteers (72 female, 39 male), of which 92 completed the Constant score (56 female, 36 male). The SF-36 was completed by all volunteers (level of evidence: IV case series).Results: The mean (x) score for ASES measure on the right shoulder was higher for the left-hand dominant side (x=100.00 vs. 95.02, <i>p</i>-value<0.001); no other significant differences. Better SF-36 scores were associated with better DASH scores. Our prediction models suggest that perception of overall health affects the DASH scores. Sex affected all three shoulder measures scores.Conclusions: Comparing scores of shoulder outcome measures to the highest possible score is not the most informative way to interpret patient progress. Variables such as health status, sex, and hand dominance need to be considered. Furthermore, it is possible to use these variables to predict scores of outcome measures, which facilitates the healthcare provider to deliver individualized care to their patients.

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Sabatini, Umberto, François Chollet, Olivier Rascol, Pierre Celsis, André Rascol, Gian Luigi Lenzi et Jean-Pierre Marc-Vergnes. « Effect of Side and Rate of Stimulation on Cerebral Blood Flow Changes in Motor Areas during Finger Movements in Humans ». Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & ; Metabolism 13, n^o 4 (juillet 1993) : 639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1993.82.

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We measured, using single photon emission computed tomography, the regional CBF (rCBF) changes in the motor areas of 24 right-handed normal volunteers during the performance of a motor task consisting of sequential finger-to-thumb opposition. Twelve of them performed the task with their right and their left hands consecutively with a fast frequency and large amplitude. The other 12 subjects performed the task with their right hand only at a slow frequency and small amplitude. The contralateral primary sensorimotor area (S1/M1), supplementary motor area (SMA), and ipsilateral cerebellum were significantly activated during right and left finger movements performed at fast frequency and large amplitude. No significant difference was found between the rCBF changes induced by the right dominant and left nondominant hands. When the task was performed with a slow rate and small amplitude, the SMA was significantly activated while no significant changes were observed in the contralateral S1/M1 or in the ipsilateral cerebellum. These results demonstrate (a) that hand dominance evokes no differences in the activation of the main motor areas and (b) that the frequency and amplitude of the movement have a major effect on the quantitative and qualitative aspect of activation of motor areas in humans.

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Aliabadi, Shabnam, et Zahra Zendehboodi. « Association of Digit Ratio With Depression and Hopelessness in Females ». International Journal of Basic Science in Medicine 6, n^o 3 (30 septembre 2021) : 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijbsm.2021.18.

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Introduction: Depression is regarded as the main cause of individual’s incapacity. One of the component of depression is hopelessness. This study was planned to examine if the digit ratio associates with depression and hopelessness status in the Iranian women. Methods: This cross-sectional study sample included 358 women aged between 20 to 32 years old. The palm side of both hands of individuals was photographed and then the length of index and ring fingers was measured by ImageJ. The Beck’s depression inventory II and Beck’s hopelessness scale (BHS) were used to measure the levels of depression and hopelessness respectively. ANOVA and Student’s t test was applied to compare the study groups in respect to the continuous data. Results: The results showed that the means of 2D:4D ratio of neither right nor left hands were significantly different between the depression study groups. The same insignificant results were derived with hopelessness status too. However, reanalyzing the data, while combination of depression and hopelessness was considered, showed a significantly lower digit ratio of the right hand in the women whit neither depression nor hopelessness (group 1) compared to the women with moderate/severe depression while holding a degree of hopelessness (group 2) (ratio mean for group 1: 0.978 ± 0.003 and for group 2: 0.992 ± 0.005; t = -2.417, P = 0.017). Conclusion: Our data suggested that the 2D:4D ratio of the right hand in the women associates with the severity of depression when accompanied by hopelessness.

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Labott, Berit Kristin, Steffen Held et Lars Donath. « Grip Strength-Endurance in Ambitious and Recreational Climbers : Does the Strength Decrement Index Serve as a Feasible Measure ? » International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n^o 24 (19 décembre 2020) : 9530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249530.

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The present study investigated the time course of repetitive maximal isometric grip strength, depending on the arm position, laterality (dominant vs. non-dominant side), and climbing level. The intervention aimed to provide a feasible indicator of maximal strength-endurance in climbing. Seventeen recreational (climbing level (CL): 6.8 (SD 0.5) on the Union Internationale des Associations d’Alpinisme (UIAA) metric scale) and eleven ambitious (CL: 8.7 (SD 0.6) UIAA metric scale) climbers (age: 27 (8) years; BMI: 21.6 (1.9) kg/m2; ape index (arm span divided by body height): 1.05 (0.18); training volume: 2.2 (1.0) h/week). Participants completed maximal isometric handgrip strength (Fmax) tests in four positions (left and right hand beside the trunk as well as left and right hand above the shoulder) plus twelve repetitive work-relief cycles, lasting 4 and 1 s where isometric strength, heart rate, and perceived exertion were recorded. Fmax differed between groups in nearly all positions. A large side × position × time × group interaction was observed for repetitive isometric grip strength (p = 0.009, ηp2 = 0.71). However, subsequent post-hoc tests did not reveal a significant difference between groups during each testing position. Additional correlation analysis between asymmetry and CL showed an inverse relationship for ambitious climbers (r = −0.71). In conclusion, the degree of grip strength decline did not relevantly differentiate between ambitious and recreational climbers. Thus, the time course of handgrip strength seems to mainly rely on maximal grip strength during the first contraction.

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Li, Huimeng. « Application of CT Medical Imaging Technology in the Diagnosis of the Impact of Exercise on the Development of Adolescent Metacarpal Bone ». Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 11, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2021) : 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2021.3444.

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Objective: Based on the principles of sports biomechanics, this paper uses CT medical imaging technology to observe the effect of volleyball on the morphology and structure of the metacarpal bone. Methods: Nine young professional volleyball players (volleyball group) and 8 non-volleyball players (control group) were selected from our province. They were male and right-handed. Scan the subject's hand with multi-layer spiral CT, and perform 2D and 3D reconstruction on it. The 2D reconstructed image is filtered, grayed, enlarged, intercepted, enhanced, and segmented to measure the gray value of each metacarpal bone. After manual segmentation of the 3D reconstructed image in the workstation, the CT value, length, volume, and width of each side of the metacarpal head were measured, and the size and index of each metacarpal head were calculated. Statistical analysis of differences in metacarpal parameter values. Results: Compared with the control group, (1) the volleyball group reduced the gray value of the right hand I, V metacarpal and left hand I to V metacarpal bones (P < 0.05), and the right hand II metacarpal bone decreased. (P < 0.001), the gray value of the third and fourth metacarpal bones of the right hand decreased (P < 0.01); Conclusion : The stress caused by volleyball can adaptively change the morphology and structure of the metacarpal bones of young athletes, as follows: Values, CT values decreased; metacarpal length, volume, and metacarpal head size (volume) increased; metacarpal head index decreased; in addition, non-snooker palm bone morphology and structure changed similarly to the spiker.

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Mascalchi, Mario, Stefano Ciulli, Andrea Bianchi, Chiara Marzi, Stefano Orsolini, Gioele Gavazzi, Marco Aiello et al. « Handedness Side and Magnetization Transfer Ratio in the Primary Sensorimotor Cortex Central Sulcus ». BioMed Research International 2019 (5 août 2019) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5610849.

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Left-handers show lower asymmetry in manual ability when compared to right-handers. Unlike right-handers, left-handers do not show larger deactivation of the ipsilateral primary sensorimotor (SM1) cortex on functional magnetic resonance imaging when moving their dominant than their nondominant hand. However, it should be noted that morphometric MRI studies have reported no differences between right-handers and left-handers in volume, thickness, or surface area of the SM1 cortex. In this regard, magnetization transfer (MT) imaging is a technique with the potential to provide information on microstructural organization and macromolecular content of tissue. In particular, MT ratio index of the brain gray matter is assumed to reflect the variable content of afferent or efferent myelinated fibers, with higher MT ratio values being associated with increased fibers number or degree of myelination. The aim of this study was hence to assess, for the first time, through quantitative MT ratio measurements, potential differences in microstructural organization/characteristics of SM1 cortex between left- and right-handers, which could underlay handedness side. Nine left-handed and 9 right-handed healthy subjects, as determined by the Edinburgh handedness inventory, were examined with T1-weighted and MT-weighted imaging on a 3 T scanner. The hands of subjects were kept still during all acquisitions. Using FreeSurfer suite and the automatic anatomical labeling parcellations defined by the Destrieux atlas, we measured MT ratio, as well as cortical thickness, in three regions of interests corresponding to the precentral gyrus, the central sulcus, and the postcentral gyrus in the bilateral SM1 cortex. No significant difference between left- and right-handers was revealed in the thickness of the three partitions of the SM1 cortex. However, left-handers showed a significantly (p = 0.007) lower MT ratio (31.92% ± 0.96%) in the right SM1 central sulcus (i.e., the hand representation area for left-handers) as compared to right-handers (33.28% ± 0.94%). The results of this preliminary study indicate that quantitative MT imaging, unlike conventional morphometric MRI measurements, can be a useful tool to reveal, in SM1 cortex, potential microstructural correlates of handedness side.

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Kim, Seunghyun, Soung Yob Rhi, Jooyoung Kim et Jae Soon Chung. « Plyometric training effects on physical fitness and muscle damage in high school baseball players ». Physical Activity and Nutrition 26, n^o 1 (31 mars 2022) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.20463/pan.2022.0001.

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[Purpose] The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of plyometric training on physical fitness and muscle damage in high school baseball players.[Methods] The participants in the study included 21 high school baseball players who are healthy and well-training. The participants were randomly allocated to the plyometric training (n=11) and control (n=10) groups. The plyometric training was applied 3 times a week for a total of 8 weeks and the control group took part in only regular baseball skills training without plyometric training. For physical fitness, measures included maximal strength (left and right hand-grip strength), muscle endurance (sit-up), agility (side-step), power (standing long jump), and balance (left and right Rhomberg test). For muscle damage, creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were measured.[Results] The results showed a significant interaction effect between time and groups in left hand-grip strength (P = 0.022), side-step (P = 0.004), and standing long jump (P < 0.001) after the 8-week plyometric training, with greater improvement in the plyometric training group than the control group. On the other hand, there was no significant interaction effect between time and groups in right hand-grip strength, situp, left and right Rhomberg test, CK level, and LDH level (P > 0.05).[Conclusion] In conclusion, 8-week plyometric training had a positive effect on improving physical fitness, such as maximal strength, agility, and power, in high school baseball players without causing additional muscle damage.

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Kim, Seunghyun, Soung Yob Rhi, Jooyoung Kim et Jae Soon Chung. « Plyometric training effects on physical fitness and muscle damage in high school baseball players ». Physical Activity and Nutrition 26, n^o 1 (31 mars 2022) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.20463/pan.2022.0001.

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[Purpose] The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of plyometric training on physical fitness and muscle damage in high school baseball players.[Methods] The participants in the study included 21 high school baseball players who are healthy and well-training. The participants were randomly allocated to the plyometric training (n=11) and control (n=10) groups. The plyometric training was applied 3 times a week for a total of 8 weeks and the control group took part in only regular baseball skills training without plyometric training. For physical fitness, measures included maximal strength (left and right hand-grip strength), muscle endurance (sit-up), agility (side-step), power (standing long jump), and balance (left and right Rhomberg test). For muscle damage, creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were measured.[Results] The results showed a significant interaction effect between time and groups in left hand-grip strength (P = 0.022), side-step (P = 0.004), and standing long jump (P < 0.001) after the 8-week plyometric training, with greater improvement in the plyometric training group than the control group. On the other hand, there was no significant interaction effect between time and groups in right hand-grip strength, situp, left and right Rhomberg test, CK level, and LDH level (P > 0.05).[Conclusion] In conclusion, 8-week plyometric training had a positive effect on improving physical fitness, such as maximal strength, agility, and power, in high school baseball players without causing additional muscle damage.

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Santos Neves, Rafael, et Agnaldo José Lopes. « Hand grip strength in healthy young and older Brazilian adults : ». Kinesiology 49, n^o 2 (2017) : 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26582/k.49.2.5.

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Hand grip strength (HGS) is important not only in its own right, but as an indicator of overall body strength and future outcomes as well. As we have found no studies on the HGS predictive models including Brazilian adults younger than 50 years of age, we aimed to develop a novel predictive equation using demographic and anthropometric attributes for subjects aged between 18 and 71 years. This is a cross-sectional study in which 203 (105 women) apparently healthy young and older adults were evaluated. A hydraulic dynamometer was used to measure HGS, according to the American Society of Hand Therapists recommendations. Several models were tested using age, body mass (W), body height (H), body mass index (BMI), level of physical activity (IPAQ) and gender as explanatory variables. Automated variable selection using the forward stepwise method was applied. The overall performance measures of the regression consisted of the R2 value adjusted for the number of variables retained in the proposed model, as well as of the standard error of the difference. Regression’s diagnosis using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multicollinearity assessment and analysis of residuals were also performed to verify specific performance of the model. Statistical significance was considered at p<.05 for all analyses. Regarding the dominant (D) body side, the adjusted R2 value obtained by the stepwise method was .683. The variables age and IPAQ classification did not significantly increase the adjusted R2 value and therefore were excluded from the model (p>.100). For the non-dominant body side (ND), the adjusted R2 was .640. The final prediction models for the dominant body side was HGSPD=20.108×H+0.083×W+13.265×sexmale=1−8.737, whereas for the non-dominant body side it was HGSPND= 9.23×H+0.086×W+14.671×sexmale=1+5.904. Simple personal attributes, such as gender, body height and body mass can predict the expected values of HGS of the dominant and non-dominant upper limbs for Brazilian adults between 18 and 71 years.

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Jakšić, Rozarija, Josip Pečarić et Mirna Rodić Lipanović. « Reverses of the Jensen-Type Inequalities for Signed Measures ». Abstract and Applied Analysis 2014 (2014) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/626359.

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In this paper we derive refinements of the Jensen type inequalities in the case of real Stieltjes measuredλ, not necessarily positive, which are generalizations of Jensen's inequality and its reverses for positive measures. Furthermore, we investigate the exponential and logarithmic convexity of the difference between the left-hand and the right-hand side of these inequalities and give several examples of the families of functions for which the obtained results can be applied. The outcome is a new class of Cauchy-type means.

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