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1
Monzón, A. Juan Carlos (Monzón Alvarado). « Review of CPT based design methods for estimating axial capacity of driven piles in siliceous sand ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34667.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-83).
The Cone Penetration Test has been used for more than 30 years for soil exploration purposes. Its similarities in mode of installation with driven piles provides the potential of linking key variables of pile design and performance, such as base resistance and shaft friction, to measured cone tip resistance. Large scale pile load tests, performed in the last two decades, have shown better agreement with recent CPT based design criteria, than with conventional American Petroleum Institute (API) earth pressure approach design guidelines. The CPT based design methods provide a more coherent framework for incorporating soil dilation, pile size effect, pile plugging during installation, and the friction at the pile-soil interface. A review, of four recent CPT based design methods and the API design guidelines, for estimating axial capacity of driven piles in siliceous sands was performed by comparing their predictive performance to six documented on-shore piles with load tests. First, a detailed site investigation based on CPT data was performed to validate the provided soil profile, and to evaluate the accuracy of the CPT readings to identify and classify soil strata.
(cont.) Three piles were selected for further study and axial capacity calculations. Three of the design methods, UWA-05, ICP-05 and NGI-05, prove to accurately predict axial pile capacities for on-shore short piles founded on sites where sand dominates. Analysis against a larger and more detailed database is required to validate their performance in multilayer soil profiles.
by Juan Carlos Monzón A.
M.Eng.
2
Lishon-Savarino, Nova A. « Systematic Review of Online Developmental Mathematics Adaptive Learning Technology Intervention Investigation ». Thesis, NSUWorks, 2016. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/fse_etd/80.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This systematic review paper reviews instructional strategies for online developmental mathematics courses offered at post-secondary institutions. Adaptive learning technology was thoroughly reviewed as an intervention strategy. Success rates and other data from studies are compared to draw conclusions about the most effective instructional strategies for teaching online developmental mathematics. The following databases were used to examine literature in the subject area: Elton B. Stephens Co. (EBSCOhost), Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), ProQuest, Wiley - Blackwell Publishers, Journal Storage (JSTOR), and Gale Cengage Learning. These databases were selected from the NovaCat Online Library system via the Nova Southeastern University website. The documents reviewed in this research paper were used as data to give a diverse, concise quantitative and qualitative discussion of results for the comparison of the studies. The implications of this study may be useful to students, faculty, administrators, researchers, etc. The results of this systematic review showed adaptive learning technology’s assistive nature in course design and implementation. Strategies and course design were critical to the outcome of each study reviewed that incorporated adaptive learning technology. Further research is suggested to identify specific combinations of methodologies for most success completion rates of developmental mathematics courses offered at post-secondary institutions.
3
Wium, Anna-Marie, et Brenda Louw. « Mixed-Methods Research : A Tutorial for Speech-Language Therapists and Audiologists in South Africa ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2593.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: Mixed-methods research (MMR) offers much to healthcare professions on clinical and research levels. Speech-language therapists and audiologists work in both educational and health settings where they deal with real-world problems. Through the nature of their work, they are confronted with multifaceted questions arising from their efforts to provide evidence-based services to individuals of all ages with communication disorders. MMR methods research is eminently suited to addressing such questions.
Objective: The aim of this tutorial is to increase awareness of the value of MMR, especially for readers less familiar with this research approach.
Method: A literature review was conducted to provide an overview of the key issues in MMR. The tutorial discusses the various issues to be considered in the critical appraisal of MMR, followed by an explanation of the process of conducting MMR. A critical review describes the strengths and challenges in MMR.
Results: MMR is less commonly used or published in the fields of speech-language therapy and audiology.
Conclusion: Researchers working in teams can draw on the strengths of different disciples and their research approaches. Such collaborative enterprises will contribute to capacity building. Researchers, SLTs and audiologists are encouraged to make use of MMR to address the complex research issues in the multicultural, multifaceted South African context. MMR makes an important contribution to the understanding of individuals with communication disorders, and in turn, researchers in the two disciplinary fields of speech-language therapy and audiology can contribute to the development of this research approach. MMR is well suited to the complexity of South African contexts and its populations, as it can provide multiple perspectives of a topic.
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Thurn, Christian. « Verification and Validation of Object Oriented Software Design : Guidelines on how to Choose the Best Method ». Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för programvarusystem, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2590.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The earlier in the development process a fault is found, the cheaper it is to correct the fault. Therefore are verification and validation methods important tools. The problem with this is that there are many methods to choose between. This thesis sheds light on how to choose between four common verification and validation methods. The verification and validation methods presented in this thesis are reviews, inspections and Fault Tree Analysis. Review and inspection methods are evaluated in an empirical study. The result of the study shows that there are differences in terms of defect detection. Based on this study and literature study, guidelines on how to choose the best method in a given context are given.Desto tidigare i utvecklingsprocessen som ett fel hittas, desto billigare är det att rätt till detta fel. Därför är verifierings- och valideringsmetoder viktiga verktyg. Problemet är att det finns många metoder. Den här rapporten sprider ljus över hur man ska välja mellan fyra vanliga verifierings- och valideringsmetoder. Verifierings- och valideringsmetoderna i den här rapporten är granskningar, inspektioner och "Fault Tree Analysis". Granskningar och inspektioner är utvärderade i en empiriskt studie. Resultatet av studien visar att det finns skillnader mellan metoderna när det gäller att hitta fel.
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Norman, Christopher. « Systematic review automation methods ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS028.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les récentes avancées en matière d'intelligence artificielle ont vu une adoption limitée dans la communauté des auteurs de revues systématiques, et une grande partie du processus d'élaboration des revues systématiques est toujours manuelle, longue et coûteuse. Les auteurs de revues systématiques rencontrent des défis tout au long du processus d'élaboration d'une revue. Il est long et difficile de chercher, d'extraire, de collecter des données, de rédiger des manuscrits et d'effectuer des analyses statistiques. L'automatisation de la sélection d'articles a été proposé comme un moyen de réduire la charge de travail, mais son adoption a été limitée en raison de différents facteurs,notamment l'investissement important de prise en main, le manque d'accompagnement et les décalages par rapport au flux de travail. Il est nécessaire de mieux harmoniser les méthodes actuelles avec les besoins de la communauté des revues systématiques.Les études sur l'exactitude des tests diagnostiques sont rarement indexées de façon à pouvoir être facilement retrouvées dans les bases de données bibliographiques. La variabilité terminologique et l'indexation lacunaire ou incohérente des ces études sont autant de facteurs augmentant le niveau de difficulté de réalisation des revues systématiques qui s'y intéressent. Les requêtes de recherche méthodologique visant à repérer les études diagnostiques ont donc tendance à être peu précises, et leur utilisation dans les études méthodiques est déconseillée. Par conséquent, il est particulièrement nécessaire d'avoir recours à d'autres méthodes pour réduire la charge de travail dans les études méthodiques sur l'exactitude des tests diagnostiques.Dans la présente thèse, nous avons examiné l'hypothèse selon laquelle les méthodes d'automatisation peuvent offrir un moyen efficace de rendre le processus d'élaboration des revues systématique plus rapide et moins coûteux, à condition de pouvoir cerner et surmonter les obstacles à leur adoption. Les travaux réalisés montrent que les méthodes automatisées offrent un potentiel de diminution des coûts tout en améliorant la transparence et la reproductibilité du processusRecent advances in artificial intelligence have seen limited adoption in systematic reviews,and much of the systematic review process remains manual, time-consuming, and expensive. Authors conducting systematic reviews face issues throughout the systematic review process. It is difficult and time-consuming to search and retrieve,collect data, write manuscripts, and perform statistical analyses. Screening automation has been suggested as a way to reduce the workload, but uptake has been limited due to a number of issues,including licensing, steep learning curves, lack of support, and mismatches to workflow. There is a need to better a lign current methods to the need of the systematic review community.Diagnostic test accuracy studies are seldom indexed in an easily retrievable way, and suffer from variable terminology and missing or inconsistently applied database labels. Methodological search queries to identify diagnostic studies therefore tend to have low accuracy, and are discouraged for use in systematic reviews. Consequently, there is a particular need for alternative methods to reduce the workload in systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy.In this thesis we have explored the hypothesis that automation methods can offer an efficient way tomake the systematic review process quicker and less expensive, provided we can identify and overcomebarriers to their adoption. Automated methods have the opportunity to make the process cheaper as well as more transparent, accountable, and reproducible
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Peixoto, Jayme Diego Silva. « Gestão de portfólio de produtos : proposição de um método financeiro para revisão do portfólio de produtos ». Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2018. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/7032.
Texte intégralRésumé :
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Jayme Diego Silva Peixoto_.pdf: 3682873 bytes, checksum: e3f3b08ba12067f318cd31d90d3ae999 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-26T16:40:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jayme Diego Silva Peixoto_.pdf: 3682873 bytes, checksum: e3f3b08ba12067f318cd31d90d3ae999 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-26
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A Gestão de Portfólio de Produtos tem atraído de maneira crescente o interesse de empresas e pesquisadores. Os esforços de pesquisa, por meio de evidências empíricas, indicam a necessidade de ampliação da aplicação de métodos formais para a Gestão de Portfólio de Produtos nas empresas. No entanto, são escassos os estudos na literatura que tratam de métodos direcionados à Revisão do Portfólio de Produtos. Pode-se observar nas publicações atuais, que questões conceituais e terminológicas acerca da Gestão de Portfólio de Produtos requerem atenção de pesquisadores. Portanto, é necessário identificar nos métodos para a Gestão de Portfólio de Produtos oportunidades para melhorar os resultados nas empresas. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa utilizou-se a Design Science Research como abordagem metodológica. Este trabalho propõe um método financeiro de Revisão do Portfólio de Produtos, denominado Financial Method for the Product Portfolio Review, FMPPR, como parte integrante da Gestão de Portfólio de Produtos. Na elaboração do método proposto, foram avaliadas as relações da revisão do Portfólio de Produtos com a operação da empresa, com mercado consumidor e com o Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produtos. Finalmente, o método proposto foi aplicado em um ambiente empresarial para verificação de sua funcionalidade. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de um grupo focal, que validou os avanços realizados propondo ajustes para a geração do artefato final desta dissertação.
Product Portfolio Management has increasingly attracted the interest of companies and researchers. The research efforts, through empirical evidence, indicate the need to extend the application of formal methods for the Product Portfolio Management in companies. However, there are scarce studies in the literature about methods directed to Product Portfolio Review. It can be observed in current publications that conceptual and terminological questions about Product Portfolio Management require the attention of researchers. Therefore, it is necessary to identify in the methods for the Product Portfolio Management opportunities to improve the results of the companies. For the development of this research, Design Science Research was used as a methodological approach. This project proposes a Financial Method for the Product Portfolio Review, called FMPPR as an integral part of Product Portfolio Management. In the elaboration of the proposed method, the relations between the Product Portfolio Review, the operation of the company, the consumer market and the Product Development Process were evaluated. Finally, the proposed method was applied in an enterprise environment to verify its functionality. The results were submitted to the analysis of a focal group, which validated the advances made proposing adjustments for the generation of the final artifact of this dissertation.
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Henze, Lars. « Entwicklung einer Methode zum Aufdecken von potentiellen Fehlern in der Konstruktion ». Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200801016.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Vorbeugende QM-Techniken operationalisieren die Funktionen des Qualitätsmanagements
(QM) mit dem Ziel einer abgesicherten Produktentstehung. Sie leisten einen wesentlichen
Beitrag zur Erhöhung der Produktqualität. Jedoch zeigen Untersuchungen, dass deren
Einsatz häufig sehr große Probleme bereitet.
Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht vordergründig die FMEA, QFD und DRBFM. Neben
der Beschreibung ihrer Anwendungsbereiche, werden die Vorteile und Schwächen
gegenübergestellt. Es gilt, die Schwächen mit Hilfe einer neu entwickelten Methode zu
umgehen bzw. zu eliminieren.
Die Entwicklung zentraler Schwerpunkte zur Erreichung von Null-Fehlerqualität liefert die
Basis für die Erstellung einer Checkliste in Form eines Fragenkataloges. Ziel soll es sein,
durch die Systematik des Fragenkataloges und Wahl des Antwortformates Fehlerursachen
zu vermeiden.
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Sreedhar, Aldric, et C. L. Kaushik Gupta. « Pre-study on the use of additive manufacturing to produce low volume complex parts and its environmental sustainability ». Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-52800.
Texte intégralRésumé :
With the rapid increase in demand for more high-value customized products and a more sustainable approach to manufacturing, companies are focusing on being more flexible while also trying to minimize environmental impact. As it is not possible to meet these current demands using traditional manufacturing techniques, manufacturing industries are searching for better manufacturing alternatives to address these issues in order to stay competitive. In this thesis, the two issues of manufacturing complex, low volume parts and environmental sustainability were investigated with the use of the additive manufacturing (AM) technology and possible improvements/recommendations were suggested. The conclusions drawn suggested that AM could be used to produce complex parts more efficiently and also proved to be a more sustainable alternative with decreased energy and resource consumption when compared to traditional methods.
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Kiely, Lewis. « Review of new methods of modelling plasticity ». Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9320.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Recent short pulse (femtosecond) laser experiments have shown the existence
of a so called superelastic precursor for short time periods after shock wave
formation. The superelastic precursor is characterised as having amplitude far
greater than the Hugoniot Elastic limit.
This work reviews the current orthotropic thermoelastic plastic-damage model
developed at Cranfield University, which includes the ability to model high
velocity, shock wave forming impacts. The current model is unable to reproduce
the superelastic precursor. Recent methods of looking at plasticity are reviewed
and model improvements are suggested to enable the Cranfield model to
reproduce superelastic precursor waves. The methods investigated are both
dislocation based as it is determined that it is necessary to model deformation
on the microscale in order to achieve reproduction of phenomena on the
timescales of the early stages of shock wave formation and propagation. The
methods investigated are the so-called self-organisation of dislocations and a
mobile and immobile dislocation method proposed by Mayer.
The plasticity part of the model proposed by Mayer is suggested for further
investigation, including implementation into the DYNA 3D hydrocode which
contains the current Cranfield model, to numerically asses the models
capabilities. Similar, the self-organisation model is put forward for further
numerical analysis.
Further, calculation of the continuum Cauchy stress using purely atomistic
variables is investigated in the form of the virial stress. It is determined that the
virial stress calculation is unsuitable for modelling shock waves, however an
alternative atomistic stress calculation which is more suited to shock waves is
discussed. It is proposed that this stress calculation could be used to investigate
the stresses contained within the thin shock front.
10
Jain, Rohin. « A Review of Multilevel Monte Carlo Methods ». Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32754.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Monte Carlo method (MC) is a common numerical technique used to approximate an expectation that does not have an analytical solution. For certain problems, MC can be inefficient. Many techniques exist to improve the efficiency of MC methods. The Multilevel Monte Carlo (ML) technique developed Giles (2008) is one such method. It relies on approximating the payoff at different levels of accuracy and using a telescoping sum of these approximations to compute the ML estimator. This dissertation summarises the ML technique and its implementation. To start with, the framework is applied to a European call option. Results show that the efficiency of the method is up to 13 times faster than crude MC. Then an American put option is priced within the ML framework using two pricing methods. The Least Squares Monte Carlo method (LSM) estimates an optimal exercise strategy at finitely many instances, and consequently a lower bound price for the option. The dual method finds an optimal martingale, and consequently an upper bound for the price. Although the pricing results are quite close to the corresponding crude MC method, the efficiency produces mixed results. The LSM method performs poorly within an ML framework, while the dual approach is enhanced.
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Castro, Layne Arin. « Retinal Photometer Final Design Review ». Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297519.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The main objective of the retinal photometer is to detect visual changes in the retina before irreversible damage can occur. The handheld photometer is fitted with a small light source surrounded by a circular pattern of LEDs. The central LED is focused into the fovea of the retina by a single lens. The lens can adjust to account for various visual acuities. The momentary light pulse induces photobleaching, a harmless process of temporarily blinding the fovea similar to the temporary blindness of walking into the sun after being in a dark space. The photometer will then record the amount of time it takes for full eyesight regeneration on the onboard LCD screen using a timer, which is programmed and wired through a self-contained circuit. Recovery times, interpreted by a medical professional, are shorter in healthy eyes than in eyes with macular degeneration. If increased response times are observed, a different lens can be inserted to decrease the spot size of the LED to pinpoint the severely damaged areas of the macula. Additionally, the circular pattern of LEDs tests visual sensitivities of off-center vision. Diabetic retinopathy or macular edema is likely if the patient cannot detect the full arrangement of LEDs.
12
Luft, April Lee. « Delivery methods for cardiac rehabilitation : an integrative review ». Thesis, Montana State University, 2011. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2011/luft/LuftA1211.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death in the United States. It is estimated that over 800,000 deaths were caused by cardiovascular disease in 2006. Mortality rates have decreased since 2000, but hospital discharges associated with a cardiovascular diagnosis remained relatively constant over that same time frame. Upon discharge cardiac rehabilitation is available for individuals with cardiovascular disease. Cardiac rehabilitation is a medically prescribed program designed to aid in recovery, improve a cardiac patients' function both physically and psychologically, and prevent further cardiac complication and progression of atherosclerotic processes. However, geographic distribution of cardiac rehabilitation programs can be a barrier for program attendance. In rural areas like Montana, there could be many miles between a patient's home and a cardiac rehabilitation program. The mean geographic density for cardiac rehabilitation programs in the United States is 1 program per 1282 square miles of land area. These statistics indicate the serious potential of poor access for patients recovering from cardiac interventions in various parts of the United States. Alternative delivery methods for cardiac rehabilitation may be a solution for overcoming the geographic distribution barrier. The purpose of this integrative review was to evaluate the effectiveness of various delivery methods for cardiac rehabilitation programs on thirteen specific variables of interest related to patient outcomes. Databases were searched for empirical literature from January 2000 to August 2011, and all study design types were included in the search for literature. One reviewer selected the 49 studies used in the review, and extracted data using a standardized form. Exercise capacity and quality of life were two variables of interest found to be improved by every delivery method. A variety of delivery methods for cardiac rehabilitation were found to be as effective as center- based cardiac rehabilitation, and in most studies were significantly more effective than usual care or a control group.
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Stevens, David John. « Review of Alternative Construction Methods for Transmission Towers ». Thesis, University of Canterbury. Management, Marketing, and Entrepreneurship, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8937.
Texte intégralRésumé :
It is important to ensure that Transpower is prepared to deliver upcoming transmission tower refurbishment projects that are located on sites with difficult access. This project reviews the availability, capability and cost of utilising alternative construction methods and any associated wider issues. The focus of this report is on how Transpower can more effectively utilise helicopters and gin poles for transmission tower erection and material delivery on remote sites.
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COSTA, NAYARA NOGUEIRA DA. « WAREHOUSE DESIGN : A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ». PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=21401@1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
A implantação de instalações de armazenagem é vista como uma fonte de aumento do nível de serviço e redução de custos ao longo da cadeia de suprimentos. A presente dissertação busca analisar o estado do arte a respeito de design de armazéns utilizando a metodologia de revisão sistemática de literatura. O período de publicações levantado foi do ano de 1999 até 2011 e a base de dados eletrônica explorada foi a Science Direct. Para guiar a revisão foi elaborado um modelo conceitual contemplando as decisões que fazem parte do escopo do design de armazéns, o qual foi chamado de framework. O framework está dividido em três grandes partes. A primeira parte, input, representa as decisões que precedem ao desenho e implantação das operações de armazenagem em uma instalação e que impactam diretamente nesta fase. A segunda parte é desenho e implantação, e traz as decisões mais relevantes para instalar um armazém e quais as métricas usadas para acompanhar a performance das operações do armazém. E por fim, tem-se a última parte, output que representa o objetivo final do design de armazém para a empresa. A forma como o framework está estruturado sugere que os níveis de decisões são interativos, não podendo ser analisados separadamente, fato comprovado pela análise dos trabalhos encontrados. Por fim, pretende-se que esta dissertação sirva com uma ferramenta para profissionais de design de armazéns, bem como suporte a pesquisas futuras sobre o tema.
The deployment of warehousing facilities is seen as a source of increased level of service and reducing costs along the supply chain. This master thesis aims to analyze the state of the art regarding the design of warehouses using the methodology of systematic literature review. The period of publication raised ranges from 1999 until 2011 and Science Direct was the electronic database explored. To guide the review a conceptual model was developed considering the decisions that are beyond the scope of the design of warehouses, which was called a framework. The framework is divided into three major parts. The first part, input, represents the decisions that precede the design and deployment of warehousing operations in a facility and which directly impact at this stage. The second part is the design and deployment, and brings the most important decisions to install a warehouse and what metrics are used to evaluate the performance of warehouse operations. Finally, the last part, output, representes the the final goal of designing a warehouse for the company. The way the framework is structured suggests that levels of decisions are interactive and can not be analyzed separately, a fact corroborated by the analysis of the studies found. Finally, it is expected that the present master thesis becomes a tool to warehouse design professionals, as well as support for future research on the subject.
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Prem, Kumar Prabhu Raj. « Software Development Methods and Usability : A Systematic Literature Review ». Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-143711.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis provides a tour of main software development methods and their assimilation with usability. Various software development methods have been developed since the origin of software products, and with integration of usability they have achieved great heights. Software developers and researchers are also keen to integrate usability with their methods to develop a successful software product, as their product might not lose its grip over their competitors. This thesis is a preliminary literature review that provides solutions to key questions such as: Which development methods are used in projects with high demands on usability?Do agile methods positively contribute to the usability of the product? Do projects with high demands on usability use usability specialists?Which types of usability are addressed in articles relating development methods and usability? The research aim is to identify how software development methods deal with usability. This thesis clearly discusses about previous empirical studies on software development methods and usability. In this thesis, Kitchenham’s systematic literature review was followed to extract the knowledge from the databases (Inspec and ACM). Validation on the literature is performed using Cohen’s kappa value with a researcher. Four research questions mentioned above are discussed in detail to analyse the results. Agile software development methods have been widely deployed due to its iterative, incremental approach and positive contribution towards usability rather than traditional approach. The role of an usability expert has been analyzed in this thesis and their need in the development process. Futhermore, various usability types like satisfaction, efficiency and effectiveness have also been discussed in detail. Finally, this thesis suggess a solution of incorporating usability with software development methods.
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Moulton, Bruce David Computer Science & Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. « Methods for training people's decision-making judgment : a review ». Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Computer Science & ; Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41431.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The subject of enquiry is the variation seen in the results of a specific set of studies about methods for training peoples judgment. This review attempts to synthesise the studies findings, and tests hypotheses about the causes of the variation. Research questions ask if variation is attributable to differences in participant characteristics, different aspects of judgment having been targeted, different tasks having been performed or different training strategies having been used. Relevant literature was reviewed, and studies that reported a method for training an aspect of judgment were selected for further quantitative analysis if at least two groups had been randomly selected from a larger set of human adults, one of which received training that another did not, and where, during the test phase, members of no group had access to tools or resources, performed tasks, or received feedback which members of another group did not. A meta-analysis of statistical data from 39 published studies was conducted. The findings are interpreted as indicating variation in the effect of training is attributable to differences in task type and differences in training strategy. The effect of training is greatest in the studies that have diagnostic tasks (p<0.05). The studies that trained participants with examples have, on average, greater effect sizes than studies that did not (p<0.05). Implications, limitations, and avenues for further research are discussed. It is concluded that the findings indicate that different tasks and different training strategies account for a significant proportion of the variation in training effect seen between the selected studies.
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Lenhard, Allison N. « Review of energy harvesting methods for twin screw extruders ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127922.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, May, 2020Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 44-48).
Energy harvesting is the process of accumulating and storing energy from residual sources for use in powering electronic devices. Low-power energy harvesting technologies typically utilize either mechanical, thermal, radiation, flow-based, or bio-chemical energy sources. Research in low-power energy harvesting technologies is motivated by an increased interest in the Internet of Things and the need to create isolated electronic systems, such as wireless sensor networks for system monitoring. Twin screw extruders are a type of extrusion processing machinery and could benefit from a condition monitoring system. Implementing a condition monitoring system for a twin screw extruder can prevent wasting materials, producing unusable products, and working extensively on machine maintenance. However, it becomes difficult to integrate a condition monitoring system into the machinery because of the lack of accessibility. Condition monitoring would have to occur in the process section of the twin screw extruder, but the nature of the process section makes it difficult to implement a traditionally wired and powered condition monitoring system. A condition monitoring system powered by energy harvesting techniques would be ideal for a twin screw extruder. The shaft mechanical vibrations, high temperature thermal dissipation, and polymer fluid dynamics present in a twin screw extruder can potentially be used in an energy harvesting system. After a literature review, mechanical vibrations and temperature gradients were regarded as the best potential energy harvesting drivers. Based on preliminary analysis of the system, vibrational energy harvesting is predicted to produce between 3.35-16.75 mW of power, while thermally driven energy harvesting is expected to produce between 8-15 mW of power. The estimated power output would be significant enough to power a low-power consumption strain sensor and has the potential to power other sensors as well.
by Allison N. Lenhard.
S.B.
S.B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Sichko, Alexander Sichko. « Review and Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Member Retrofit Methods ». The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu15006558558915.
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Dias, José Manuel Gonçalves. « Finite mixture models : review, applications, and computer-intensive methods / ». Groningen, the Netherlands : Research School Systems, Organisation and Management, University of Groningen, 2004. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/30814.
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Jacowski, Caitlin F. « A review of fertility awareness based methods of birth control ». Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12427.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityWomen who are interested in controlling the timing of their pregnancies have many birth control and family planning options. The majority of women use exogenous forms of contraception, including oral contraceptive pills, hormone shots or patches, intra-uterine devices, or barriers such as condoms, sponges or diaphragms. Many of the exogenous methods have negative side effects including allergic reactions and increased risk of blood clotting, and cancer. Additionally, there can be religious objections to these methods. In an attempt to provide women other, natural, birth control options, an array of methods have been developed over time using knowledge of a woman's menstrual cycle.These methods are referred to as fertility awareness based methods because they track various symptoms of a woman's menstrual cycle to determine when she is fertile. Changes in the cervix, cervical mucus secretions, and basal body temperature indicate the fertile window when a woman is most likely to get pregnant. To avoid pregnancy, women using fertility awareness based methods abstain from unprotected intercourse during their fertile windows. Using cycle length and observed physical changes, six methods have been developed. The goal of this thesis is to review and compare the methods. Of the developed methods, the Standard Days method is a calendar method with an average method effective rate of 95% and an average typical-use effective rate of 88%. The Billings Ovulation method, a cervical mucus only method, has an average method effective rate of 98.5% and an average typical-use effective rate of 82%. The Creighton Model of Fertility Care System, also a cervical mucus only method, has an average method effective rate of 99% and an average typical-use effective rate of 87%. A simpler, cervical mucus only method is the TwoDay method which has an average method effective rate of 96% and a typical-use effective rate of 91%, higher than the other cervical mucus methods, likely due to its ease of use. The symptothermal method uses a combination of symptoms to create a double-check system for entering and exiting the fertile window. The method effective rate is the highest at 99.5% and the average typical-use effective rate is 95%. This method is the most effective, but also the most difficult to learn. Finally, the Marquette Model uses cervical mucus and an electronic fertility monitor to indicate the fertile window. The average method effective rate is 97.8% and the average typical-use effective rate is 83%. [TRUNCATED]
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Gendaszewska, D., M. Łaczkowska, E. Grzesiak et M. Lasoń-Rydel. « A review of collagen extraction methods from the leather wastes ». Thesis, КНУТД, 2016. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5063.
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Plavin, T. V. « Review of Methods of Normalization of a Text for Handling ». Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/47141.
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Libäck, Anssi Sven-Erik, et Katjaana Anni-Maria Kanninen. « Methods to assess nonfunctional overreaching in wrestlers : A literature review ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Idrottsmedicin, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-173532.
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Introduction Wrestling is a competitive and intermittent combat sport characterised mainly by strength components. Few researchers have examined nonfunctional overreaching in strength-based athletes, such as wrestlers, despite being prevalent. To prevent the more severe condition of overtraining syndrome, it is important to detect early maladaptation, i.e., nonfunctional overreaching. Due to its complex nature, most studies have not managed to develop nonfunctional overreaching conditions in athletes. The purpose of this review is to broadly summarize previous research on functional overreaching, nonfunctional overreaching, and overtraining syndrome to examine useful methods to assess nonfuntional overreaching in wrestlers. Method Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science were used with various combinations of nonfuntional overreaching OR overreaching OR overtraining syndrome. Subjective and objective methods that could be useful to adapt to wrestling to assess nonfunctional overreaching were summarized and discussed. Studies conducted on athletes or physically active individuals in various sports engaging in seasonal training or a moderate to high-intensity training intervention of at least six days or are nonfunctionally overreached were included. Included studies are published original articles and reviews. Results There are few studies on wrestlers regarding nonfunctional overreaching. Biochemical and physiological factors have been inconsistent, a relation between nonfunctional overreaching and decrements in maximal muscular strength and vertical jump height have been reported. Profile of Mood States, Perceived Recovery Status, and Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes have been successfully used to detect nonfunctional overreaching, only the latter being a comprehensive enough monitoring tool. Conclusion To adequately assess nonfunctional overreaching in wrestlers, psychological tools together with performance testing with baseline and follow-up values are emphasised. As specific objective or subjective markers seem to be lacking, coaches should use an individual approach when monitoring wrestlers. Consequently, more studies are needed to determine the validity and reliability of these methods in assessing nonfunctional overreaching in wrestlers.
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Bosman, Petrus. « Static hedging of barrier options : a review of four methods ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14974.
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Bibliography: leaves 85-87.This paper examines the static hedging of a European up-and-out call option. Four different static hedging models are examined in detail and are implemented. Their hedging performance is examined in a framework that aims to simulate real market conditions. This is done to determine the practical usefulness of the static hedging schemes in comparison with dynamic delta hedging. Only one of the four models, by Derman, Ergener and Kani (1995) seems to show promise when transaction costs and stochastic volatility are taken into account.
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Diaz, Melissa, Yanina Ortega et Kevin Boesen. « Medication Therapy Management : Methods to Increase Comprehensive Medication Review Participation ». The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614243.
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Class of 2013 AbstractSpecific Aims: To compare the Comprehensive Medication Review (CMR) rate for Workflow Model #1 (used in 2010) to the CMR rate for Workflow Model #2 (used in 2011) at the Medication Management Center (MMC). Methods: A retrospective database analysis was completed in which Comprehensive Medication Review (CMR) completion rates for 2010 and 2011 were assessed. Comparison included only Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) contracts that the Medication Management Center (MMC) provided Medication Therapy Management (MTM) services for both in 2010 and 2011. Data was used to determine the effect a process change had on CMR participation rate at the MMC and best practices for improving the rate of Medication Therapy Management Program (MTMP) beneficiaries participating in a CMR. Main Results: In 2010, patient participation and response to a CMR offer letter was low (0.2%). The changes in process yielded an increase in the CMR completion rate (6.93%); this in turn yielded higher performance measurements for prescription drug plans. Conclusion: Workflow modifications, including a pro-active secondary CMR offer, led to a marked increase in member participation and CMR rates. Patients are more apt to consent to a CMR if they are called for a specific medication related problem. It is recommended to continue to convert TMR calls to CMRs whenever possible, monitor CMR rates at least quarterly, and make cold calls where needed to increase CMR percentages.
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Brunton, Virginia. « Innovation in systematic review methods : successive developments in framework synthesis ». Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10039022/.
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Background: Systematic reviews are used increasingly to synthesise research for policy and practice decisions. Systematic reviews use transparent, explicit and consistent methods to identify, appraise and integrate research evidence, to inform existing assumptions. Traditionally used to examine the effects of health care, systematic review methods have evolved to address more complex issues across health and social policy. Framework synthesis is one systematic review method employed to address such complexity. Adapted from framework analysis used in primary research, framework synthesis begins with an a priori conceptual framework, which develops iteratively as new data are incorporated and themes derived from the data. Framework synthesis has been used increasingly in qualitative and mixed-method systematic reviews, sometimes incorporating stakeholder consultation to describe and interpret review findings. Aims: This thesis will demonstrate how my development of framework synthesis methods is situated within, and contributes to, wider debates about research synthesis methods in systematic reviews. Methods: I conducted an overview of systematic reviews. A systematic review of the literature discussing or employing framework synthesis methods was conducted. Included studies were ordered and synthesised using framework synthesis methods. The resulting conceptual framework structured the assessment of each of the submitted publications (the ‘thesis reviews’). Findings were subsequently incorporated into the conceptual framework and higher order themes derived using constant comparative analysis. Results: This thesis distinguishes two key approaches to framework synthesis: one approach that constructs a framework (often in discussion with stakeholders) to accommodate research from across academic disciplines and/or policy sectors; and the ‘best-fit’ approach that borrows a framework from a related area to initiate synthesis within a narrower disciplinary or policy scope. Its utility is demonstrated in handling mixed methods and mixed sources reviews, using diverse data types and synthesis methods in order to generate, explore and/or test theory in collaboration with stakeholders. I conclude that framework synthesis is a very flexible research synthesis method that can meet the complex conditions and epistemology arising from public health policy issues.
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Judge, Lyndon Virginia. « Design Methods for Cryptanalysis ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35980.
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Security of cryptographic algorithms relies on the computational difficulty of deriving the secret key using public information. Cryptanalysis, including logical and implementation attacks, plays an important role in allowing the security community to estimate their cost, based on the computational resources of an attacker. Practical implementations of cryptanalytic systems require complex designs that integrate multiple functional components with many parameters.
In this thesis, methodologies are proposed to improve the design process of cryptanalytic systems and reduce the cost of design space exploration required for optimization.
First, Bluespec, a rule-based HDL, is used to increase the abstraction level of hardware design and support efficient design space exploration. Bluespec is applied to implement a hardware-accelerated logical attack on ECC with optimized modular arithmetic components. The language features of Bluespec support exploration and this is demonstrated by applying Bluespec to investigate the speed area tradeoff resulting from various design parameters and demonstrating performance that is competitive with prior work. This work also proposes a testing environment for use in verifying the implementation attack resistance of secure systems. A modular design approach is used to provide separation between the device being tested and the test script, as well as portability, and openness. This yields an open-source solution that supports implementation attack testing independent of the system platform, implementation details, and type of attack under evaluation. The suitability of the proposed test environment for implementation attack vulnerability analysis is demonstrated by applying the environment to perform an implementation attack on AES.
The design of complex cryptanalytic hardware can greatly benefit from better design methodologies and the results presented in this thesis advocate the importance of this aspect.Master of Science
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Hurst, Felicia. « Architectural participatory design methods ». Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000hurstf.pdf.
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Bhatti, Harrison John, et Andrii Alymenko. « A Literature Review : Industrial Espionage ». Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33326.
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This is a literature review article. The purpose of this article is to explain and provide a deeperunderstanding of economic and industrial espionage. Furthermore, it describes legal andillegal methods of espionage and highlights the different aspects of preventing espionage suchas; technical, operational, physical and personnel security. A number of theoretical conceptshave been extracted and analyzed from different scientific articles which have beensummarized and anticipated in the form of theoretical framework. Incredible results are oftenproduced by exploiting industrial espionage. By concentrating on complete security, and notsimply specialized security, data security experts can altogether hamper enemy endeavors totake their association's data resources.
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Oscarsson, Magnus. « Variable Vehicle Dynamics Design : Objective Design Methods ». Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1847.
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The goal of this thesis has been to study the behaviour of the closed loop driver-vehicle-environment in simulation and to find parameters of the synthetic vehicle model, which minimise certain optimisation criteria. A method of optimising parameters using genetic algorithms has been implemented and has proven to work well. Two different driving strategies have been tried in the optimisation of an ISO lane-change maneouvre. The first approach has simulated a beginner driver and his or her behaviour. The second approach simulates an experienced driver and also the possibility of driver adaption to different vehicle types. The implemented driver model has shown to be sufficient to describe the driver's behaviour during lateral maneouvres. A parameter set which minimises the lateral acceleration response on steering wheel angle has proven to be the optimum. This includes a small steering wheel ratio, and a small but positive under steer gradient. The driver has demonstrated the ability to adapt to different vehicles, and therefore different parameter sets, describing the driver, should be used for different problems.
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Xier, Li. « Kappa — A Critical Review ». Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Statistics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126672.
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The Kappa coefficient is widely used in assessing categorical agreement between two raters or two methods. It can also be extended to more than two raters (methods). When using Kappa, the shortcomings of this coefficient should be not neglected. Bias and prevalence effects lead to paradoxes of Kappa. These problems can be avoided by using some other indexes together, but the solutions of the Kappa problems are not satisfactory. This paper gives a critical survey concerning the Kappa coefficient and gives a real life example. A useful alternative statistical approach, the Rank-invariant method is also introduced, and applied to analyze the disagreement between two raters.
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Eriksson, Jesper, et Shwana Piroti. « Review of Methods for Energy Harvesting from a Vehicle Suspension System ». Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-223215.
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With the increasing population the energy consumption has increased which makes the requirement for clean energy important, now more than ever. The transport sector is one of the biggest contributors to this consumption and should therefore be taken into consideration when looking for environmentally friendly solutions. The majority of fuel energy in road-bound vehicles of today is dissipated and is therefore never utilized. For a passenger car traveling at 13.4 m/s it is found that 200 W worth of energy is lost in the vehicles suspension system. The purpose of this work is to analyze and evaluate existing methods for energy regeneration from vehicle suspension systems in order to identify the most optimal solution. To end with, the report will propose mathematical models for simulations of the chosen system. This report examines electrostatic, piezoelectric and electromagnetic methods of energy regenera- tion and it is concluded that electromagnetic generators are the most viable when applied to vehicles. Furthermore, already existing ideas for regenerative suspension systems using electromagnetic generators are explained and compared. It is concluded that a suspension system using an electromagnetic generator coupled with a magneto-rheological (MR) damper is the most optimal when looking at e-ciency, cost, robustness and environmental impact. It can generate up to 90 W and is shown to be the most robust system because of its few moving parts. The working principle of the regenerative electromagnetic MR damper is explained and mathematical models describing the characteristics of the MR damper and the electromagnetic generator, based on previous work, are proposed. A simulation model using a quarter-car model is also proposed where dierent methods of road prole generation are suggested. The environmental aspects of the regenerative MR damper is conclusively discussed and evaluated so that the overall environmental performance of the system can be decided.
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Velez, Rivera Edwin. « A review of chemical disinfection methods for minimally processed leafy vegetables ». Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/103.
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Кузьменко, Ольга Віталіївна, Ольга Витальевна Кузьменко, Olha Vitaliivna Kuzmenko et В. О. Овчаренко. « Methods review for assessing the investment attractiveness of innovative bank technologies ». Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81312.
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The use of information and communication technologies significantly changes the modern business space. Today banks are actively applying approaches to customer service, based on the use of innovative information technologies. These technologies provide a competitive advantage for a bank and contribute to growing its profitability. At the same time, it is risky to invest in innovations, since new technology implementation may not bring the desired effect. Therefore, the investment attractiveness assessment of innovative banking technologies is actual for banks, and the use of assessment will avoid inefficient and risky investment decisions.
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Кузьменко, Ольга Віталіївна, Ольга Витальевна Кузьменко, Olha Vitaliivna Kuzmenko et В. О. Овчаренко. « Methods review for assessing the investment attractiveness of innovative bank technologies ». Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/80936.
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The use of information and communication technologies significantly changes the modern business space. Today banks are actively applying approaches to customer service, based on the use of innovative information technologies. These technologies provide a competitive advantage for a bank and contribute to growing its profitability. At the same time, it is risky to invest in innovations, since new technology implementation may not bring the desired effect. Therefore, the investment attractiveness assessment of innovative banking technologies is actual for banks, and the use of assessment will avoid inefficient and risky investment decisions.
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Bayat, M., et M. Khatibzadeh. « A Review On Green Methods for Synthesis of Silver Nano Particles ». Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35238.
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Metal nano particles are one of the most attractive aspects of nano materials in recent years. The reason
for this growing attraction is because of their special physical and chemical properties, which are more enhanced
from bulk material. Hence they find wide application in various fields like catalysis, photonics, optoelectronics,
information storage, antibacterial applications, etc. While considering metal nano particles,
electrical conductivity is one of the most important properties that can be used for humans’ benefit and
should be enhanced. Silver nano particles can be used in the electronics industry as conductive fillers because
of their unique properties such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, high resistance to oxidation.
It is impressive that eco friendly methods are being developed for synthesizing these nano particles,
using different kinds of plant extracts and water soluble component as capping agents, which results in different
forms of particle morphologies.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35238
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Pryssander, Lina. « Preventive methods aimed at siblings to criminal juveniles - a literature review ». Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25060.
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Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturöversikt är att undersöka vilka förebyggande metoder och/eller modeller som finns för att bemöta syskon till grovt kriminella ungdomar. Studien syftar dessutom på att jämföra metodernas olika för- och nackdelar. Resultaten i denna studie är framtagna genom att använda databaserna Libsearch och ProQuest. Vald litteratur har lästs och analyserats upprepade gånger, och två teman valdes för att beskriva artiklarnas fokus, och koppling till studiens syfte och frågeställningar. Valda teman är 1) intervention metoder, och 2) fördelar med MST. Trots en bristande mängd forskning på området så pekar resultatet på att familjeterapin Multisystemisk Terapi (MST) är den dominerande metoden. Förutom fokus på den kriminella individen i MST så involveras syskonet och påverkas direkt, eller indirekt i MST. Till skillnad från individuell terapi (IT) där endast den kriminella ungdomen involveras så sjunker risken att syskonet börjar begå brott markant med MST. Forskningen inom detta område behöver utökas och metoder och arbetssätt går att förbättra.The aim with this systematic literature review is to investigate the intervention methods and/or models available to deal with siblings for serious criminal youths. The study also aims to compare the methods pros and cons. The results are produced by using the databases Libsearch and ProQuest. Chosen literature has been read and analysed several times, and two themes was selected to describe the articles focus and connection to the study’s aim and research questions. The chosen themes are 1) intervention methods, and 2) advantages with MST. Despite a small amount of research in the field, the result indicates that the family therapy method Multisystemic Therapy (MST) is a dominant method in the field. Except only focusing on the criminal individual in MST, the sibling is involved and directly or indirectly affected. Unlike individual therapy (IT) involving only the criminal juvenile, the risk of the sibling beginning to commit crimes significantly decreases with MST. Research in this area needs to be expanded and methods and ways of working can be improved.
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Westerlund, Louise, et Anna Simonsson. « Economic evaluation of preventive methods used in dentistry – a systematic review ». Thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19754.
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Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka ekonomiska utvärderingar av preventiva metoder som används inom tandvården genom att göra en systematisk litteraturöversikt och besvara frågor om vilka preventiva metoder som analyserats avseende kostnad och effekt samt vilka typer av ekonomiska utvärderingar som analyserats. Material och metod: En sökningsstrategi genomfördes och PubMed, The Cochrane Library och Web of Science utgjorde databaser för litteratursökningen. Inklusions- och exklusionskriterier fastställdes och ett protokoll utgjorde grunden för läsningen av de inkluderade studierna i fulltext. En kritisk granskning av de inkluderade studierna genomfördes genom att använda ett andra protokoll. Resultat: Totalt 38 publikationer om ekonomiska utvärderingar av preventiva metoder som används inom tandvården inkluderades. Studier om kariespreventiva metoder var av övervägande majoritet (n=35) och endast ett fåtal studier utvärderade preventiva metoder för andra sjukdomar (n=3). Den vanligaste preventiva metoden som utvärderades var fissurförsegling (n=8) följt av fluorlackning (n=6) och vattenfluoridering (n=3). Många studier utvärderade kombinerade preventiva metoder (n=12). Typerna av ekonomiska utvärderingar var CEA (n=16) följt av CA/Cost-minimization analysis (n=10), CBA (n=3), en kombination av CEA och CBA (n=5), CUA (n=1) och en kombination av CEA och CA (n=1). Konklusion: Även om studierna om ekonomiska utvärderingar av preventiva metoder som används inom tandvården är betydligt fler än när SBU-rapporterna publicerades så kan ingen generell slutsats beträffande kostnadseffektiviteten dras på grund heterogenitet i design och sätt att analysera. Fler välgjorda studier rekommenderas.Aims: The aim of this study was to examine economic evaluations of preventive methods used in dentistry by using a systematic review approach and answering questions about which preventive methods used in dentistry that have been analysed regarding costs and effects and what types of economic evaluations that have been conducted. Material and method: A search strategy were conducted and PubMed, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science formed the basis of the literature search. Inclusion- and exclusion criteria were defined and a protocol was made for full-text reading of the included publications. A critical appraisal of the included publications was made using a second protocol. Results: A total of 38 publications on economic evaluations of preventive methods used in dentistry were included. Publications on caries preventive methods were of overwhelming majority (n=35) and only a few publications evaluated preventive methods for other diseases (n=3). The most common evaluated preventive method was pit and fissure sealant (n=8) followed by fluoride varnish (n=6) and water fluoridation (n=3). Most publications evaluated combined preventive methods (n=11). Types of economic evaluations were CEA (n=16) followed by CA/Cost-minimization analysis (n=10), CBA (n=3), a combination of CEA and CBA (n=5), CUA (n=1) and a combination of CEA and CA (n=1). Conclusions: Publications on economic evaluations of preventive methods used in dentistry were considerably more than when the SBU reports were published. Yet, no general conclusions could be drawn regarding cost-effectiveness due to heterogeneity in design and way of analyses. Future well-designed studies are recommended.
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Gilder, Jason R. « Computational methods for the objective review of forensic DNA testing results ». Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1183999841.
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Begaye, Adrienne, et Roohieh Parsa. « Selective Systematic Review of Ophthalmic Screening Methods for Hydroxychloroquine Associated Retinopathy ». The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623752.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Class of 2010 AbstractOBJECTIVES: This is a selective systematic review of the methods used to monitor for the ocular adverse effects of chronic hydroxychloroquine use. This was done to describe the screening methods for detecting retinal toxicity and the recommendations for early detection of hydroxychloroquine associated retinopathy. METHODS: A literature search of OVID-MEDLINE and the Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) search database in the AHSL website were performed for the date range October 1999 to October 2009. Articles were selected based on content related to our purpose statement. Each article must have had at least one or more ophthalmic screening test including: fundus photography, Amsler grid, perimetry, color vision, and multifocal electroretinography. RESULTS: The search results returned a total of 67 articles. A total of twelve articles were selected for review. A total of 959 human subjects were studied and 22 patients had reported retinal changes attributed to hydroxychloroquine. Nine of the eleven studies that included mfERG recommended this specific test for monitoring for hydroxychloroquine induced retinopathy. Only six of the studies recommended the frequency of testing. The most common recommendation was to test at baseline and then at least annually. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest the mfERG is the most sensitive and objective exam for early documentation of toxic retinopathy. In addition baseline and annual testing was suggested most often. The data also suggest that high risk patients be followed more closely as the most severe and irreversible damage occurs in this population.
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Edward, Drabold T. « BIOLOGICAL DESIGN OF CONTINUOUS MICROALGAE SYSTEMS : A REVIEW ». Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors161891425130329.
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Drabold, Edward T. « BIOLOGICAL DESIGN OF CONTINUOUS MICROALGAE SYSTEMS : A REVIEW ». Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors161891425130329.
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McConachie, Regina S. « Review and design of alternative assessments in mathematics / ». View abstract, 1999. http://library.ctstateu.edu/ccsu%5Ftheses/1534.html.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.S.)--Central Connecticut State University, 1999.Thesis advisor: Dr. Phillip Halloran. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Mathematics." Includes bibliographical references (leaves [30-33]).
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Nykänen, Arne. « Methods for product sound design ». Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Drift, underhåll och akustik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26577.
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Product sound design has received much attention in recent years. This has created a need to develop and validate tools for developing product sound specifications. Elicitation of verbal attributes, identification of salient perceptual dimensions, modelling of perceptual dimensions as functions of psychoacoustic metrics and reliable auralisations are tools described in this thesis. Psychoacoustic metrics like loudness, sharpness and roughness, and combinations of such metrics into more sophisticated models like annoyance, pleasantness and powerfulness are commonly used for analysis and prediction of product sound quality. However, problems arise when sounds from several sources are analysed. The reason for this complication is assumed to be the human ability to separate sounds from different sources and consciously or unconsciously focus on some of them. The objective of this thesis was to develop and validate methods for product sound design applicable for sounds composed of several sources. The thesis is based on five papers. First, two case studies where psychoacoustic models were used to specify sound quality of saxophones and power windows in motor cars. Similar procedures were applied in these two studies which consisted of elicitation of verbal attributes, identification of most salient perceptual dimensions and modelling of perceptual dimensions as functions of psychoacoustic metrics. In the saxophone experiment, psychoacoustic models for prediction of prominent perceptual qualities were developed and validated. The power window experiment showed that subjects may judge only parts of the sound. Power window sound consists of the motor sound and the scratching of a window sliding over the seal. The motor sound was filtered out and models developed using motor sound alone showed good agreement with listening tests. This demonstrated the human ability to separate sound from different sources and pointed out the importance of handling auditory stream segregation in the product sound design process. In Paper III sound sketches (simple auralisations) was evaluated as a way to assess sounds composed of several sources. Auralisation allows control of the contributions of different sources to a sound at the listening position. This way, psychoacoustic analysis and listening tests may be carried out on the contributions from sources separately and as an ensemble. Sound sketches may also serve to specify a target sound for a product. In Papers IV and V, the precision of auralisations related to intended use was investigated. Auralisations were made by filtering engine sounds through binaural transfer functions from source locations to the listening position in a truck cabin. In Paper IV simplifications of auralisations of one source were compared to artificial head recordings. For idling sounds auralisations through binaural transfer functions with a resolution of 4 Hz or better, or smoothed with maximum 1/96 octave moving average filters were found to preserve perceived similarity to artificial head recordings. In Paper V the effect of simplifications of transfer functions on preference ratings of auralisations was examined. This is of interest in applications where audible differences may be acceptable as long as preference ratings are unaltered, e.g. when auralisations are used as rough sound sketches. At 500 rpm idle speed, a resolution of 32 Hz or better, or smoothing with maximum 1/24 octave moving average filters showed no significant alteration of subject preference ratings. These figures may serve as guide for required accuracy in auralisations used for evaluation of idling sounds in truck cabins. To conclude, psychoacoustic analysis of total sound may be used for prediction of perceived sound quality as long as the sound is generated by one source. When several sources generate sound, auditory stream segregation effects in combination with cognitive effects may deteriorate the results. Auralisation is a useful tool in such cases, since it makes it possible to analyse the effects of contributions from each source. It can also be used for making sound sketches which can serve as support in the design process.Godkänd; 2008; 20080925 (ysko)
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Lin, Lei. « Optimization methods for inventive design ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAD012/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La thèse traite des problèmes d'invention où les solutions des méthodes d'optimisation ne satisfont pas aux objectifs des problèmes à résoudre. Les problèmes ainsi définis exploitent, pour leur résolution, un modèle de problème étendant le modèle de la TRIZ classique sous une forme canonique appelée "système de contradictions généralisées". Cette recherche instrumente un processus de résolution basé sur la boucle simulation-optimisation-invention permettant d'utiliser à la fois des méthodes d'optimisation et d'invention. Plus précisément, elle modélise l'extraction des contractions généralisées à partir des données de simulation sous forme de problèmes d'optimisation combinatoire et propose des algorithmes donnant toutes les solutions à ces problèmesThe thesis deals with problems of invention where solutions optimization methods do not meet the objectives of problems to solve. The problems previuosly defined exploit for their resolution, a problem extending the model of classical TRIZ in a canonical form called "generalized system of contradictions." This research draws up a resolution process based on the loop simulation-optimization-invention using both solving methods of optimization and invention. More precisely, it models the extraction of generalized contractions from simulation data as combinatorial optimization problems and offers algorithms that offer all the solutions to these problems
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Hinchey, Michael Gerard. « Structural design and formal methods ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624390.
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Lloyd, David W. « Design methods for asynchronous circuits ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282817.
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Read, Simon. « Formal methods for VLSI design ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239786.
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Kamal, Muhammad. « Software design methods and errors ». Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317143.
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Bliek, Christian. « Computer methods for design automation ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35361.
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