Livres : « Reversione forche »

1

Force, Nutrition Task. Obesity : Reversing the increasing problem of obesity in England : a report from the Nutrition and Physical Activity Task Forces. [London] : Department of Health, 1995.

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2

United Nations Environment Programme. Regional Task Force on Economic Valuation. Meeting. Reversing environmental degradation trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand : Report, third meeting of the Regional Task Force on Economic Valuation, Fangchenggang, China, 18th-21st April 2005. Bangkok, Thailand : UNEP/GEF, 2005.

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3

Chowdhury, Abdur Rahman. Reversing tranquility : Analysis of events that destabilized the Middle East and Baltic regions, displaced millions of people and gave rise to extremist forces, threatened territorial integrity of the countries and impeded democratization process. Dhaka, Bangladesh : Academic Press and Publishers Library, 2016.

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4

Dao, Mai, et Ravi Balakrishnan. Recent U. S. Labor Force Dynamics : Reversible or Not ? International Monetary Fund, 2015.

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5

Dao, Mai, et Ravi Balakrishnan. Recent U. S. Labor Force Dynamics : Reversible or Not ? International Monetary Fund, 2015.

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6

Dao, Mai, Juan Sole, Jeremy Zook et Ravi Balakrishnan. Recent U. S. Labor Force Dynamics : Reversible or Not ? International Monetary Fund, 2015.

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7

Brown, Benjamin R. Reversing Chronic Diseases Using Lifestyle Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190241254.003.0014.

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Many of the most common chronic diseases in the Western world are now preventable and even reversible using comprehensive lifestyle changes; this has spawned a new field named lifestyle medicine. Lifestyle medicine is a subset of integrative preventive medicine that focuses on changing the four or more core behaviors: nutrition, movement, relaxation, and social support. The diseases that have been shown to be reversible include even severe coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and early-stage prostate cancer. Many forces are converging that make this the right idea at the right time. This chapter focuses on reviewing randomized-controlled trials and demonstration projects illustrating both the medical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of lifestyle medicine as a new paradigm of healthcare—one that integrates the best of conventional treatments such as drugs and surgery with the power of comprehensive lifestyle changes.

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8

Buchler, Justin. Extreme Reversion Points and Party Leadership from 2011 through 2016. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865580.003.0007.

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When a majority party works on normal legislation, it faces a collective action problem of sincere voting, and must prevent legislators from centrist districts from voting against noncentrist legislation. From 2011 through 2016, though, Republican Party leadership faced a different challenge, and leaders were pitted against the extremists in their caucus. This occurred because of a change to the legislative agenda resulting from the combination of extreme polarization and divided government introduced by the 2010 election. With no incentive to work on normal legislation, the agenda did little but avoid reversion points, like debt ceiling breaches, which the extreme elements in the caucus actually found acceptable. Speaker Boehner was forced to solve a new collective action problem, then, convincing a group of Republicans to join with Democrats on bipartisan deals to avoid these reversion points. While historically unusual, the dynamic is what would be expected from the unified model.

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9

Pang, Changhyun, Chanseok Lee, Hoon Eui Jeong et Kahp-Yang Suh. Skin and dry adhesion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0022.

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Close observation of various attachment systems in animal skins has revealed various exquisite multi-scale architectures for essential functions such as locomotion, crawling, mating, and protection from predators. Some of these adhesion systems of geckos and beetles have unique structural features (e.g. high-aspect ratio, tilted angle, and hierarchical nanostructure), resulting in mechanical interlocking mediated by van der Waals forces or liquid secretion (capillary force). In this chapter, we present an overview of recent advances in bio-inspired, artificial dry adhesives, and biomimetics in the context of nanofabrication and material properties. In addition, relevant bio-inspired structural materials, devices (clean transportation device, interlocker, biomedical skin patch, and flexible strain-gauge sensor) and microrobots are briefly introduced, which would shed light on future smart, directional, and reversible adhesion systems.

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10

Sherwood, Dennis, et Paul Dalby. Electrochemistry. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782957.003.0020.

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This chapter explores electrochemistry, from the fundamental observations associated with the Daniel Cell to redox reactions and the Nernst equation. As throughout the book, all the discussions are based on rigorous first principles, with each step carefully explained, and deduced logically from previous material. Topics covered include electrodes and electrode potentials, half-cells and half-cell reactions, electrochemical cells, the electromotive force, standard reversible electrode potentials, oxidising and reducing agents, redox reactions, and the half-cell Nernst equation, and the full reaction Nernst equation.

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11

de Heer, Marcel, et Thomas V. Papathomas. The Ames Window Illusion and Its Variations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0014.

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This chapter presents a brief history of the Ames window illusion, in which a trapezoid with its long and short sides in a vertical position rotates continuously in the same direction about a vertical axis. It creates the illusion of oscillating back and forth. An explanation is offered that is based on humans’ tendency to perceive a trapezoid as a slanted rectangle; according to this explanation, when the long base of the trapezoid is behind the short base, viewers perceive it to be in front, thus reversing depth and, consequently, reversing the direction of rotation. The chapter tries to see this illusion in a broader perspective and includes many compelling variations of the Ames window illusion.

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12

Helin, Jenny, Tor Hernes, Daniel Hjorth et Robin Holt. Process is How Process Does. Sous la direction de Jenny Helin, Tor Hernes, Daniel Hjorth et Robin Holt. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199669356.013.0001.

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Process philosophy originally referred to a small group of philosophers including Henri Bergson, William James, and Alfred North Whitehead as well as Heraclitus. These thinkers view the world processually, working from within things and reversing the relationship between ideas and life. This Handbook explores process philosophy’s relationships to organisation studies by focusing on five aspects: temporality, wholeness, openness and the open self, force, and potentiality. Each article considers the life and work of a specific philosopher, such as Jacques Derrida, Charles Sanders Peirce, George Herbert Mead, Mikhail Bakhtin, Hannah Arendt, and Jacquese Lacan, and how their work could potentially be used to think processually in organization and management studies.

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13

Poppinga, Simon, Ulrike Bauer, Thomas Speck et Alexander G. Volkov. Motile traps. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779841.003.0014.

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We review the biomechanics, functional morphology, and physiology of motile traps. The movements of snap traps in Aldrovanda and Dionaea, motile adhesive traps in Drosera and Pinguicula, and suction traps in Utricularia are driven by active water displacement processes leading to reversible turgor changes of motor cells, irreversible growth, or mechanical pre-stressing of tissues. In some cases, the motion is amplified by the release of elastic energy stored in these tissues. The only known case of a passive motile trapping movement is the ‘springboard’ trapping mechanism of Nepenthes gracilis, in which a rapid vibration of the pitcher lid is actuated by the impact force of raindrops. Open research questions are summarized and future studies are suggested.

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14

Brooks, Melody, et Roland Kays. Kinkajou : the tree-top specialist. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759805.003.0026.

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Kinkajous have evolved a suite of unique adaptations not seen in other Carnivores, helping them thrive in the canopies of neotropical forests. They have a prehensile tail and reversible hind feet to help them climb trees, and large eyes and scent glands to help them navigate complex tropical canopies at night. By sticking to the treetops at night kinkajous have very few potential predators, and this frees them from the need move in large groups for protection, as seen in most diurnal primates. Instead, kinkajous live in small social groups that forage for fruits and flowers mostly as singletons, but reunite at large feeding or sleeping trees. Females defend exclusive territories against each other while males form small coalitions to defend larger areas that overlap with multiple females. Fruit comprises 90-99% of their diet, making kinkajous one of the most frugivorous mammals on earth, and an important seed disperser.

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15

Reversing Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand : Report of the 3rd Meeting of the Regional Task Force on Economic ... (Fangchenggang, China,18-21 April 2005). United Nations Publications, 2005.

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16

Reversing Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand : Report of the Third Meeting of the Regional Task Force on Legal ... Philippines, 28 February - 3 March 2005). United Nations Publications, 2005.

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17

Casaer, Michael P., et Greet Van den Berghe. Nutrition support in acute cardiac care. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0032.

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Malnutrition in cardiac and critical illness is associated with a compromised clinical outcome. The aim of nutrition therapy is to prevent these complications and particularly to attenuate lean tissue wasting and the loss of muscle force and of physical function. During the last decade, several well-powered randomized controlled nutrition trials have been performed. Their results challenge the existing nutrition practices in critically ill patients. Enhancing the nutritional intake and the administration of specialized formulations failed to evoke clinical benefit. Some interventions even provoked an increased mortality or a delayed recovery. These unexpected new findings might be, in part, caused by an important leap forward in the methodological quality in the recent trials. Perhaps reversing early catabolism in the critically ill patient by nutrition or anabolic interventions is impossible or even inappropriate. Nutrients effectively suppress the catabolic intracellular autophagy pathway. But autophagy is crucial for cellular integrity and function during metabolic stress, and consequently its inhibition early in critical illness might be deleterious. Evidence from large nutrition trials, particularly in acute cardiac illness, is scarce. Nutrition therapy is therefore focused on avoiding iatrogenic harm. Some enteral nutrition is administered if possible and eventually temporary hypocaloric feeding is tolerated. Above all, the refeeding syndrome and other nutrition-related complications should be prevented. There is no indication for early parenteral nutrition, increased protein doses, specific amino acids, or modified lipids in critical illness.

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18

Casaer, Michael P., et Greet Van den Berghe. Nutrition support in acute cardiac care. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0032_update_001.

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Malnutrition in cardiac and critical illness is associated with a compromised clinical outcome. The aim of nutrition therapy is to prevent these complications and particularly to attenuate lean tissue wasting and the loss of muscle force and of physical function. During the last decade, several well-powered randomized controlled nutrition trials have been performed. Their results challenge the existing nutrition practices in critically ill patients. Enhancing the nutritional intake and the administration of specialized formulations failed to evoke clinical benefit. Some interventions even provoked an increased mortality or a delayed recovery. These unexpected new findings might be, in part, caused by an important leap forward in the methodological quality in the recent trials. Perhaps reversing early catabolism in the critically ill patient by nutrition or anabolic interventions is impossible or even inappropriate. Nutrients effectively suppress the catabolic intracellular autophagy pathway. But autophagy is crucial for cellular integrity and function during metabolic stress, and consequently its inhibition early in critical illness might be deleterious. Evidence from large nutrition trials, particularly in acute cardiac illness, is scarce. Nutrition therapy is therefore focused on avoiding iatrogenic harm. Some enteral nutrition is administered if possible and eventually temporary hypocaloric feeding is tolerated. Above all, the refeeding syndrome and other nutrition-related complications should be prevented. There is no indication for early parenteral nutrition, increased protein doses, specific amino acids, or modified lipids in critical illness.

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19

Casaer, Michael P., et Greet Van den Berghe. Nutrition support in acute cardiac care. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0032_update_002.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Malnutrition in cardiac and critical illness is associated with a compromised clinical outcome. The aim of nutrition therapy is to prevent these complications and particularly to attenuate lean tissue wasting and the loss of muscle force and of physical function. During the last decade, several well-powered randomized controlled nutrition trials have been performed. Their results challenge the existing nutrition practices in critically ill patients. Enhancing the nutritional intake and the administration of specialized formulations failed to evoke clinical benefit. Some interventions even provoked an increased mortality or a delayed recovery. These unexpected new findings might be, in part, caused by an important leap forward in the methodological quality in the recent trials. Perhaps reversing early catabolism in the critically ill patient by nutrition or anabolic interventions is impossible or even inappropriate. Nutrients effectively suppress the catabolic intracellular autophagy pathway. But autophagy is crucial for cellular integrity and function during metabolic stress, and consequently its inhibition early in critical illness might be deleterious. Evidence from large nutrition trials, particularly in acute cardiac illness, is scarce. Nutrition therapy is therefore focused on avoiding iatrogenic harm. Some enteral nutrition is administered if possible and eventually temporary hypocaloric feeding is tolerated. Above all, the refeeding syndrome and other nutrition-related complications should be prevented. There is no indication for early parenteral nutrition, increased protein doses, specific amino acids, or modified lipids in critical illness.

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