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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Resistance to drought »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 2 février 2022

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1

Hook, James E., et Wayne W. Hanna. « Drought Resistance in Centipedegrass Cultivars ». HortScience 29, n^o 12 (décembre 1994) : 1528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.12.1528.

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In our study, we sought to determine if an experimental cultivar of centipedegrass [`TC178'; Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.] had superior turf characteristics under extended droughts. Common centipedegrass (CC), vegetatively propagated `TC178' (VG178), and seed-propagated (F3) `TC178' (SD178) were evaluated in a 2-year controlled watering study that compared turf characteristics and drought resistance. The grasses were established under an automated rainfall shelter and were subjected to three drought regimes: watered twice per week (no stress), 2 to 3 weeks between watering (moderate), and 4 to 6 weeks between watering (severe). Turf characteristics (visual rating and clipping biomass) were measured weekly and soil water content profiles were measured daily. Visual ratings among cultivars were similar for no-stress conditions, but visual ratings of SD178 and VG178 were 18% higher than for CC for moderate stress and 28% higher for severe stress. At the end of moderate stress periods, clipping biomass of VG178 was 24% greater than for CC, but by the end of the severe stress periods, biomass from VG178 was 22% lower than for CC. Available soil water content profiles indicated that the three cultivars extracted soil water at the same rate. Visual ratings and growth decline with survival under severe stress showed that VG178 and SD178 had significantly better drought resistance than CC. `TC178' provides a superior appearance turf that will stand up to the droughts common in its adapted region.

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Zwack, James A., William R. Graves et Alden M. Townsend. « Drought Resistance among Freeman Maples ». HortScience 32, n^o 3 (juin 1997) : 508C—508. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.508c.

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Freeman maples (Acer × freemanii E. Murray) are marketed as stress-resistant alternatives to red maples (Acer rubrum L.), but few data from direct comparisons of these species are available. As a first step in comparing the stress resistance of red maple and Freeman maple, responses to drought were studied in Acer × freemanii `Autumn Fantasy', `Celebration', and `Marmo'. Plants grown from rooted cuttings were treated by withholding irrigation through four drought cycles of increasing severity that were separated by irrigation to container capacity. Drought reduced shoot dry mass, root dry mass, and height growth by 64%, 43%, and 79%, respectively, over all cultivars. Predawn leaf water potential was reduced by 1.16 MPa over all cultivars, and stomatal conductance data indicated water use was more conservative over all root-zone moisture contents after repeated cycles of drought. Specific mass of drought-stressed leaves increased by 25% for `Autumn Fantasy', and microscopy to determine leaf thickness and cellular anatomy is ongoing. `Autumn Fantasy' also had the lowest ratio of leaf surface area to xylem diameter, and `Autumn Fantasy' and `Celebration' had higher ratios of root to shoot mass than `Marmo'. Pressure-volume curve analysis revealed osmotic potential of drought-stressed plants at full turgor was 0.24 MPa more negative than controls, and droughted plants had a greater apoplastic water percentage than controls. Although osmotic adjustment during drought was similar among cultivars, differences in specific mass of leaves and in ratios of transpiring and conducting tissues suggest cultivars of Freeman maple vary in resistance to drought in the landscape.

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Zhang, Lingnan, Hui Li, Yilin Ran, Keyi Wang, Xiaomin Zeng et Xiaohong Liu. « Regional and Local Moisture Gradients Drive the Resistance to and Recovery from Drought of Picea crassifolia Kom. in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China ». Forests 10, n^o 9 (19 septembre 2019) : 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10090817.

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Increasing evidence suggests that extreme droughts cause more frequent tree growth reduction. To understand the consequences of these droughts better, this study used tree-ring cores from nine sites to investigate how moisture and altitudinal gradients affect the radial growth of Picea crassifolia Kom., a common species in the Qilian Mountains in northwest China. The total annual precipitation and mean annual temperature in the eastern region were higher than those in the western region of the Qilian Mountains. The trees in the eastern region showed stronger resistance to drought than those in the west, as they had a smaller difference in radial growth between drought disturbance and pre-drought disturbance. At the same time, the trees in the east showed weaker ability to recover from drought, as they had a subtle difference in radial growth between post-drought disturbance and drought disturbance. Furthermore, the trees in the east also showed weaker relative resilience to drought, as they had a small difference in radial growth between post-drought and drought disturbance weighted by growth in pre-drought disturbance. For trees below 3000 m a.s.l., trees with high resistance capacity usually had low recovery capacity and low relative resilience capacity. Trees at higher altitudes also showed stronger resistance to drought and weaker ability to recover from drought after a drought event than those at lower altitudes in the middle of the Qilian Mountains. Trees at lower altitudes in the middle of the Qilian Mountains had more difficulties recovering from more severe and longer drought events. In the context of global warming, trees in the western region and at lower altitudes should be given special attention and protection in forest management to enhance their resistance to extreme droughts.

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4

B, Ganbaatar, et Batbold S. « Drought resistance of spring wheat varieties ». Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 28, n^o 03 (30 décembre 2019) : 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v28i03.1301.

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Selection for drought tolerance typically involves evaluating genotypes for either high yield potential or stable performance under drought stress. In order to select drought tolerant varieties of bread wheat an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications during the growing season 2014-2018. Eight drought tolerance indices including stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity index (MP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI) and drought resistance index (DI) were calculated and adjusted based on grain yield under drought years (Ys) and favorable years (Yp). Result of study showed significant positive correlation between grain yield in the stress condition (Ys) with indicators STI, GMP, TOL, MP, and DI, accordingly they are discriminating drought tolerant genotypes at the same manner. Wheat varieties Darkhan-172, Darkhan-72, Altaiskaya-325, Altaiskaya-70, Darkhan-181 has a high yield potential. Genotypes Darkhan-160, Arvin, Darkhan-144 most droughts tolerant and can be use in wheat breeding for improving drought resistance. Зусах зөөлөн буудайн сортуудыг ган тэсвэрийнүнэлэмжээр үнэлсэн дүнгээс Судалгаагаар манай оронд өргөн тариалагдаж байгаа өөрийн орны селекцээр гаргасан болон гадаадын нийт 20 сортонд ган тэсвэрийн индекс:стресс тэсвэрийн индекс (SТI), тэсвэрийн индекс (TOL),стресс мэдрэмжийн индекс (SSI), ган тэсвэрийн индекс (DI)-ээрүнэлгээ өгсөн. Зусах зөөлөн буудайн ургац ба ган тэсвэрийн индексүүдийн хооронд эерэг нягт хамааралыг тогтоосон. Чийгийн хангамж сайтай жилд потенциаль ургацаар буудайн эртийн болцтой Дархан-172, дунд-эртийн болцтой Дархан-72, Алтайская-325, Алтайская-70, дунд оройн болцтой Дархан-181 сортууд шалгарсан ба эдгээр сортуудыг селекцид хагас эрчимжсэн сорт гаргахад ашиглаж болно. Ган тэсвэр өндөртэй сортыг бий болгоходселекцид эртийн болцтой Дархан-160, дунд-эртийн болцтой Арвин, дунд оройн болцтой Дархан-144 сортуудыг эх материалаар ашиглаж болно. Зусах буудайн Дархан-144 сорт нь гадаад орчны нөхцөлд дасан зохицох чадвар сайтай сортоор шалгарав. Түлхүүр үг: болц,сорт, ургац, стресс, индекс

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Lucas-Borja, Manuel Esteban, Arun K. Bose, Enrique Andivia, David Candel-Pérez, Pedro A. Plaza-Álvarez et Juan C. Linares. « Assessing Tree Drought Resistance and Climate-Growth Relationships under Different Tree Age Classes in a Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii Forest ». Forests 12, n^o 9 (27 août 2021) : 1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12091161.

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The magnitude of drought impact in forest ecosystems depends on which group of trees are more severely affected; greater mortality of smaller trees can modulate the trajectories of succession, while the mortality of larger trees can disproportionately offset the ecosystem’s carbon balance. Several studies have documented a greater vulnerability of large trees to extreme droughts while some other studies reported a greater growth reduction in smaller trees during droughts. We tested these hypotheses by comparing tree basal area increment (BAI), drought resistance (i.e., magnitude of growth decline during drought), and resilience (i.e., magnitude of growth recovery after drought) across five different age-classes in black pine (Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii) forests in Spain. Our results showed that the BAI patterns, drought resistance, and resilience were strongly influenced by tree age-classes. In addition, the effect of climatic water balance (precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration) on BAI significantly varied among age-classes. The effect of water balance on BAI was lower for younger age-classes (1–39 years of age) compared to older age-classes. We observed a greater growth reduction (i.e., lower resistance) in older trees (>40 years of age) during droughts compared to younger trees (<40 years of age). However, all trees, irrespective of their ages, were able to recover the growth rates after the drought. In general, younger trees showed a greater capacity in recovering the growth rate (i.e., more resilient) than older trees. We detected no significant effects of stand basal area and stand density on BAI, drought resistance, and resilience. Overall, our results indicated that growth of older trees was more negatively affected during drought. Therefore, these older/larger trees can be selected for commercial thinning, or can be released from competition, which can minimize the potential impacts of future droughts in black pine forests in Spain.

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6

Wickens, G. E. « Drought Resistance in Cereals ». Journal of Arid Environments 20, n^o 1 (janvier 1991) : 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1963(18)30782-1.

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7

HANSON, ANDREW D., W. JAMES PEACOCK, LLOYD T. EVANS, CHARLES J. ARNTZEN et GURDEV S. KHUSH. « Drought resistance in rice ». Nature 345, n^o 6270 (mai 1990) : 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/345026b0.

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8

Kirkham, M. B. « Drought resistance in cereals ». Field Crops Research 26, n^o 1 (mars 1991) : 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(91)90059-5.

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9

Ergashovich, Kholliyev Askar. « Effects of Microelements on Drought Resistance of Cotton Plant ». International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, n^o 02 (10 février 2020) : 643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i2/pr200379.

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10

M. Amin, Aumeed Noori, et Shirwan Ismail Tawfik. « Evaluation of wheat cultivars for drought resistance during germinating ». Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A 2, n^o 2 (1 septembre 1999) : 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10036.

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11

Tereshchenko, Ya, et O. Yareshchenko. « Evaluation of drough-resistance of the red and white currаnt varieties (Ribes vulgare L.) by the method of the tissues electric conductivity determination ». Horticulture : Interdepartment Subject Scientific Collection, n^o 75 (2020) : 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35205/0558-1125-2020-75-191-196.

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Red and white currants are characterized with the high adaptability to growing conditions such as soils, temperatures in the cold season, insolation. However, the important factor influencing the formation of high quality crop is the water regime. The climate of Ukraine is changing, that causes an uneven distribution of temperatures and precipitations during the growing season. As a result, there are periods of prolonged droughts with temperatures above +35 °С. In such periods, are observed the appearance of the sun-burn spots on the leaves and berries mass loss and as well loss of 50 % of the crop due to fruit falling. Therefore, it is important to establish experimentally the level of the red and white currants drought-resistance in order to create industrial plantations in the Western Lisosteppe of Ukraine. The research was conducted at the Institute of Horticulture (NAAS) in the red and white currants plantations in 2010-2012 and 2018. The objects of the investigation were 18 varieties and 4 promising hybrid forms. For studying the vs drought-resistance, leaves were selected from the annual shoots in the most drought periods of June and July. The relative electrical conductivity and its change were determined by means of the conductivity meter E 7-13. The measurements were carried out after 1 and 4 hours of exposure of the diffused sunlight. The electrical conductivity changes were determined as a percentage of baseline values. The analysis of the obtained data shows that electrical conductivity level of the red and white currant leaf apparatus at the beginning of the exposure and dynamics reduction of this indicator has a clear varietal specificity and can be used successfully to diagnose the plants` state in the plantations in droughty periods. The results of the stimulated drought enable to divide the 22 studied objects according to the results into several groups that differ concerning the drought resistance level. Thus, the significant resistance to drought potential is characteristic of the variety Svyatomykhailivska and hybrid form 85-1-5. The vs and hybrid forms Baiana, Dar Orla, Darnytsia, Rosynka, Uliublena, Svitlytsia, Uralskaia Belaia, 85-6-25, 83-28-9, 85-1-5 are drought-resistant. Bielka, Vatra, Gazelle, Dana, Orlovskaia Zviezda, Vyborova, Lasunia and Asia are medium drought-resistant.

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Batlle, I., G. Sanz, M. A. Romero, F. J. Vargas, R. Messeguer Campalans, M. Pagès, R. Savé et al. « ALMOND BREEDING FOR DROUGHT RESISTANCE ». Acta Horticulturae, n^o 470 (août 1998) : 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1998.470.9.

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13

Tworkoski, Thomas, Gennaro Fazio et D. Michael Glenn. « Apple rootstock resistance to drought ». Scientia Horticulturae 204 (juin 2016) : 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.01.047.

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14

Laffray, Daniel, et Philippe Louguet. « Stomatal responses and drought resistance ». Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Actualités Botaniques 137, n^o 1 (janvier 1990) : 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01811789.1990.10826986.

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15

LIU, Qiang-De, Yan-Chun JIA, Feng ZHAO, Yong-Dong PAN, Wen-Qing CHEN, Yin-Ping XU, Hua-Yu ZHANG et al. « Drought resistance identification and drought resistance indexes screening of barley resources at mature period ». Acta Agronomica Sinica 46, n^o 3 (14 octobre 2019) : 448–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2020.91031.

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Galasheva, Anna, et Nina Krasova. « Study of frost resistance and drought resistance of apple tree varieties of VNIISPK breeding on clonal rootstock 54–118 ». E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021) : 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125401005.

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Apple tree varieties on clonal rootstock 54–118 were studied in terms of frost resistance and drought resistance. The purpose of the research is to study the resistance to frost and drought of apple tree varieties of VNIISPK breeding on clonal rootstock 54–118. Climatic conditions affect fruit trees and further lead to a sharp decrease in the fruit productivity and commercial qualities. The problem study of resistance to various extreme growing conditions (including frost, low temperatures, drought and high temperatures) is relevant. A variety that has a high resistance under various adverse weather conditions is considered as winter-hardy, i.e. shows all the components of frost resistance. The study of the main components of winter hardiness (I, III, IV) showed that apple tree varieties (Orlik, Venyaminovskoye, Sinap Orlovsky, Veteran, Svezhest, Rozhdestvenskoye, Bolotovskoye - of the FSBSI VNIISPK breeding; Antonovka obyknovennaya - of local selection on clonal rootstock 54–118) had minor bud damage. The bark and wood were not damaged. When studying the total water content of leaf tissues during the growing season, all varieties on the clonal rootstock 54–118 were assigned to the average level of hydration. In laboratory conditions, over the years of research, the varieties had a high indicator of the ability to restore water content of leaf tissues after drought. On the clonal rootstock 54–118 the apple tree varieties are able to withstand thaws, spring frosts, droughts and dry winds.

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Backhaus, Sabrina, Juergen Kreyling, Kerstin Grant, Carl Beierkuhnlein, Julia Walter et Anke Jentsch. « Recurrent Mild Drought Events Increase Resistance Toward Extreme Drought Stress ». Ecosystems 17, n^o 6 (24 juin 2014) : 1068–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-014-9781-5.

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Sun, Zhang, Yao et Wen. « Hydrological Drought Regimes of the Huai River Basin, China : Probabilistic Behavior, Causes and Implications ». Water 11, n^o 11 (14 novembre 2019) : 2390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112390.

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: Hydrological droughts were characterized using the run-length theory and the AIC (Akaike information criterion) techniques were accepted to evaluate the modeling performance of nine probability functions. In addition, the copula functions were used to describe joint probability behaviors of drought duration and drought severity for the major tributaries of the Huai River Basin (HRB) which is located in the transitional zone between humid and semi-humid climates. The results indicated that: (1) the frequency of hydrological droughts in the upper HRB is higher than that in the central HRB, while the duration of the hydrological drought is in reverse spatial pattern. The drought frequency across the Shiguan River along the south bank of the HRB is higher than the other two tributaries; (2) generalized Pareto distribution is the appropriate distribution function with the best performance in modelling the drought duration over the HRB; while the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution can effectively describe the probabilistic properties of the drought severity. Joe copula and Tawn copula functions are the best choices and were used in this study. Given return periods of droughts of <30 years, the droughts in the upper HRB are the longest, and the shortest are in the central HRB; (3) the frequency of droughts along the mainstream of the HRB is higher than tributaries of the HRB. However, concurrence probability of droughts along the mainstream of the HRB is lower than the tributaries of the HRB. The drought resistance capacity of HRB has been significantly improved, effectively reducing the impact of hydrological drought on crops after 2010.

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Hahn, Claudia, Andreas Lüscher, Sara Ernst-Hasler, Matthias Suter et Ansgar Kahmen. « Timing of drought in the growing season and strong legacy effects determine the annual productivity of temperate grasses in a changing climate ». Biogeosciences 18, n^o 2 (27 janvier 2021) : 585–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-585-2021.

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Abstract. The frequency of extreme weather events, such as droughts, is assumed to increase and lead to alterations in ecosystem productivity and thus the terrestrial carbon cycle. Although grasslands typically show reduced productivity in response to drought, the effects of drought on grassland productivity have been shown to vary strongly. Here we tested, in a 2-year field experiment, if the resistance and the recovery of grasses to drought varies throughout a growing season and if the timing of the drought influences drought-induced reductions in annual aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of grasses. For the experiment we grew six temperate and perennial C3 grass species and cultivars in a field as pure stands. The grasses were cut six times during the growing season and subject to 10 week drought treatments that occurred either in the spring, the summer or the fall. Averaged across all grasses, drought-induced losses in productivity in spring were smaller (−20 % to −51 %) than in summer and fall (−77 % to −87 %). This suggests a higher resistance to drought in spring when plants are in their reproductive stage and their productivity is the highest. After the release from drought, we found no prolonged suppression in growth. In contrast, post-drought growth rates of formerly drought-stressed swards outperformed the growth rates of the control swards. The strong overcompensation in growth after the drought release resulted in relatively small overall drought-induced losses in annual ANPP that ranged from −4 % to −14 % and were not affected by the timing of the drought event. In summary, our results show that (i) the resistance in growth rates of grasses to drought varies across the season and is increased during the reproductive phenological stage when growth rates are highest; (ii) that the positive legacy effects of drought indicate a high recovery potential of temperate grasses to drought; and (iii) that the high recovery can compensate for immediate drought effects on total annual biomass production to a significant extent.

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ZOU, Jie, Wei HU, Yu-xia LI, Jia-qi HE, Hong-hai ZHU et Zhi-guo ZHOU. « Screening of drought resistance indices and evaluation of drought resistance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ». Journal of Integrative Agriculture 19, n^o 2 (février 2020) : 495–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2095-3119(19)62696-1.

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Songsri, P., S. Jogloy, T. Kesmala, N. Vorasoot, C. Akkasaeng, A. Patanothai et C. C. Holbrook. « Heritability of Drought Resistance Traits and Correlation of Drought Resistance and Agronomic Traits in Peanut ». Crop Science 48, n^o 6 (novembre 2008) : 2245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.04.0228.

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Le Hesran, Sophie, Thomas Groot, Markus Knapp, Jovano Erris Nugroho, Giuditta Beretta, Luis Francisco Salomé-Abarca, Young Hae Choi, Marie Vancová, Antonio M. Moreno-Rodenas et Marcel Dicke. « Proximate mechanisms of drought resistance in Phytoseiulus persimilis eggs ». Experimental and Applied Acarology 79, n^o 3-4 (25 novembre 2019) : 279–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10493-019-00442-9.

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AbstractUnder drought stress, Phytoseiulus persimilis females are able to lay drought-resistant eggs through an adaptive maternal effect. The mechanisms making these eggs drought resistant still remain to be investigated. For this purpose, we studied the physiological differences between drought-resistant and drought-sensitive eggs. We compared the volume and the surface-area-to-volume ratio (SA:V) of the eggs, their sex ratio, their chemical composition (by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), their internal and external structure [by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images], and their developmental time. Our results show that drought-resistant and drought-sensitive eggs have a different chemical composition: drought-resistant eggs contain more compatible solutes (free amino acids and sugar alcohols) and saturated hydrocarbons than drought-sensitive eggs. This difference may contribute to reducing water loss in drought-resistant eggs. Moreover, drought-resistant eggs are on average 8.4% larger in volume, and have a 2.4% smaller SA:V than drought-sensitive eggs. This larger volume and smaller SA:V, probably the result of a higher water content, may make drought-resistant eggs less vulnerable to water loss. We did not find any difference in sex ratio, internal or external structure nor developmental time between drought-resistant and drought-sensitive eggs. These results mark the first step in the understanding of the strategies and the energetic costs involved in the production of drought-resistant eggs in P. persimilis females.

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Liang, Zheng, Xiaoling Su et Kai Feng. « Drought propagation and construction of a comprehensive drought index based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and empirical Kendall distribution function (<i>K</i><sub>C′</sub>) : a case study for the Jinta River basin in northwestern China ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, n^o 4 (30 avril 2021) : 1323–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-1323-2021.

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Abstract. Monitoring drought and mastering the laws of drought propagation are the basis for regional drought prevention and resistance. Multivariate drought indicators considering meteorological, agricultural and hydrological information may fully describe drought conditions. However, series of hydrological variables in cold and arid regions that are too short or missing make it difficult to monitor drought. This paper proposed a method combining Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and empirical Kendall distribution function (KC′) for drought monitoring. The SWAT model, based on the principle of runoff formation, was used to simulate the hydrological variables of the drought evolution process. Three univariate drought indexes, namely meteorological drought (standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index; SPEI), agricultural drought (standardized soil moisture index; SSI) and hydrological drought (standardized streamflow drought index; SDI), were constructed using a parametric or non-parametric method to analyze the propagation time from meteorological drought to agricultural drought and hydrological drought. The KC′ was used to build a multivariable comprehensive meteorology–agriculture–hydrology drought index (MAHDI) that integrated meteorological, agricultural and hydrological drought to analyze the characteristics of a comprehensive drought evolution. The Jinta River in the inland basin of northwestern China was used as the study area. The results showed that agricultural and hydrological drought had a seasonal lag time from meteorological drought. The degree of drought in this basin was high in the northern and low in the southern regions. MAHDI proved to be acceptable in that it was consistent with historical drought records, could catch drought conditions characterized by univariate drought indexes, and capture the occurrence and end of droughts. Nevertheless, its ability to characterize mild and moderate droughts was stronger than severe droughts. In addition, the comprehensive drought conditions showed insignificant aggravating trends in spring and summer and showed insignificant alleviating trends in autumn and winter and at annual scales. The results provided theoretical support for the drought monitoring in the Jinta River basin. This method provided the possibility for drought monitoring in other watersheds lacking measured data.

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Melick, DR. « Relative Drought Resistance of Tristaniopsis laurina and Acmena smithii From Riparian Warm Temperate Rainforest in Victoria ». Australian Journal of Botany 38, n^o 4 (1990) : 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9900361.

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The drought tolerances of the warm temperate rainforest species Tristaniopsis laurina and Acmena smithii were examined. Using pressure bomb techniques the tissue water relations of hardened juvenile and adult material were measured. T. laurina showed relatively little physiological drought tolerance in either the juvenile or adult plants, whereas A. smithii showed an increase in physiological drought tolerance in adult plants. Direct observations of droughted hardened 9-month-old seedlings revealed a relatively high leaf conductance in T. laurina seedlings with wilting becoming generalised after 9 days of droughting. All T. laurina plants rehydrated after 15 days of drought survived albeit with significant leaf abscission, but only 2 of the 5 plants rehydrated after 20 days of drought recovered and these were defoliated. Stomatal resistances were higher in droughted A. smithii seedlings and wilting did not become generalised until after 14 days of droughting. All A. smithii plants recovered when rehydrated after 20 days of droughting with little or no sign of leaf abscission. Leaves of T. laurina and A. smithii became scorched when subjected to temperatures of 50°C and 60°C respectively. The extent to which these differences delimit the distribution of these species in the relatively dry warm temperate rainforest communities of Gippsland in Victoria is discussed.

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Wang, Bin, Pengtao Yu, Yipeng Yu, Yanhui Wang, Lei Zhang, Yanfang Wan, Shunli Wang et Xiande Liu. « Trees at a Moderately Arid Site Were More Sensitive to Long-Term Drought ». Forests 12, n^o 5 (6 mai 2021) : 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12050579.

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Climate change has dramatically altered the frequency and intensity of droughts, thereby altering tree growth. Understanding whether tree growth in semiarid areas in response to long-term drought and the post-drought recovery rate of tree growth vary along moisture gradients is crucial for predicting future forest change. Here, we assessed the spatial variation in both the growth resistance of Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia Kom.) to long-term drought and its post-drought recovery using a stand-total sampling strategy along a moisture gradient that covered three sites (with an annual precipitation of 330.4, 394.2, and 515.9 mm for the western, middle, and eastern sites, respectively) with six plots. Resistance and recovery were evaluated by analyzing the tree growth trends during a long-term drought period (1980–2001) and the subsequent post-drought period (2001–2013), respectively. Our results indicate that the trees with the highest temporal stability were those at the wetter eastern site; specifically, during the long-term drought period, the trees at the wetter eastern site showed the highest resistance (−0.015) and the lowest recovery (0.002). The trees in moderately arid conditions were much more sensitive to climate change than those at the relatively arid western site, showing the lowest resistance (−0.050) and highest recovery (0.020). Climate change had the strongest impact on tree growth at the moderately arid site, contributing 60.6% to the tree growth decreasing trend during the long-term drought period and 65.4% to the tree recovery during the post-drought period, respectively. Climate change had a lower impact on tree growth at the wet and dry sites, contributing less than 50% to the tree growth trends at these sites. The results indicate that a trade-off relationship exists between resistance and recovery at the different sites; that is, the highly resistant trees at the wetter eastern site tend to have lower recovery, whereas the weakly resistant trees at the moderately arid site tend to have higher recovery. These results have implications for predicting tree growth in response to future climate change.

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Blum, Abraham. « Drought resistance - is it really a complex trait ? » Functional Plant Biology 38, n^o 10 (2011) : 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp11101.

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Drought resistance is being increasingly labelled as being a ‘complex trait’, especially with the recent expansion of research into its genomics. There is a danger that this label may turn into an axiom that is liable to damage education on the subject as well as research and the delivery of solutions to the farmer. This opinionated review examines whether there is grounds for such an axiom. Drought resistance is labelled as a ‘complex trait’ mainly when viewed by molecular biologists from the gene discovery platform. This platform is capable of expressing hundreds and thousands of drought-responsive genes, which are up- or down-regulated under dehydration stress according to growth stage, plant organ or even time of day. Sorting out the ‘grain out of the chaff’ in order to identify the function of the candidate genes towards drought resistance is difficult and, thus, the idea that drought resistance is complex is raised. However, when drought resistance is viewed from the physiological and agronomic whole-plant and crop platform, it appears much simpler; its control, whether constitutive or adaptive, is rather obvious with respect to manipulation in breeding and crop management. The most important and common drought resistance traits function to maintain plant hydration under drought stress due to effective use of water (EUW). The state of our knowledge and the achievements in breeding for drought resistance do not support labelling drought resistance as a complex trait. The genomics road towards drought resistance is complex but we already know that the destination is much simpler.

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Kirkham, M. B. « Hydraulic resistance of two sorghums varying in drought resistance ». Plant and Soil 105, n^o 1 (mars 1988) : 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02371138.

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Chakraborty, Tamalika, Albert Reif, Andreas Matzarakis et Somidh Saha. « How Does Radial Growth of Water-Stressed Populations of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Trees Vary under Multiple Drought Events ? » Forests 12, n^o 2 (24 janvier 2021) : 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12020129.

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European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees are becoming vulnerable to drought, with a warming climate. Existing studies disagree on how radial growth varies in European beech in response to droughts. We aimed to find the impact of multiple droughts on beech trees’ annual radial growth at their ecological drought limit created by soil water availability in the forest. Besides, we quantified the influence of competition and canopy openness on the mean basal area growth of beech trees. We carried out this study in five near-natural temperate forests in three localities of Germany and Switzerland. We quantified available soil water storage capacity (AWC) in plots laid in the transition zone from oak to beech dominated forests. The plots were classified as ‘dry’ (AWC < 60 mL) and ‘less-dry’ (AWC > 60 mL). We performed dendroecological analyses starting from 1951 in continuous and discontinuous series to study the influence of climatic drought (i.e., precipitation-potential evapotranspiration) on the radial growth of beech trees in dry and less-dry plots. We used observed values for this analysis and did not use interpolated values from interpolated historical records in this study. We selected six drought events to study the resistance, recovery, and resilience of beech trees to drought at a discontinuous level. The radial growth was significantly higher in less-dry plots than dry plots. The increase in drought had reduced tree growth. Frequent climatic drought events resulted in more significant correlations, hence, increased the dependency of tree growth on AWC. We showed that the recovery and resilience to climatic drought were higher in trees in less-dry plots than dry plots, but it was the opposite for resistance. The resistance, recovery, and resilience of the trees were heterogeneous between the events of drought. Mean growth of beech trees (basal area increment) were negatively impacted by neighborhood competition and positively influenced by canopy openness. We emphasized that beech trees growing on soil with low AWC are at higher risk of growth decline. We concluded that changes in soil water conditions even at the microsite level could influence beech trees’ growth in their drought limit under the changing climate. Along with drought, neighborhood competition and lack of light can also reduce beech trees’ growth. This study will enrich the state of knowledge about the ongoing debate on the vulnerability of beech trees to drought in Europe.

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Blum, Abraham. « Genomics for drought resistance – getting down to earth ». Functional Plant Biology 41, n^o 11 (2014) : 1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp14018.

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A meta-analysis of 520 reports published during the last 20 years on transgenic and mutant plants generated towards drought resistance revealed a total of at least 487 tested transgenic plants involving at least 100 genes claimed to be functional towards drought resistance. During this period, the rate of reported new experimental transgenic model or crop plants for drought resistance has been increasing exponentially. Despite these numbers, qualified sources of information indicate a very limited impact on global dryland agriculture, whereas the genetically modified (GM) market hardly recognises drought-resistant GM cultivars. This paper discusses possible reasons for the limited impact of genomics on the delivery of drought-resistant cultivars, which are beyond issues of regulation, propriety or commercialisation. These reasons are mainly tied to scientific and methodological problems in drought stress gene expression work and the functional genomics protocols used to identify drought resistance. Insufficient phenotyping of experimental transgenic plants for drought resistance often does not allow true conclusions about the real function of the discovered genes towards drought resistance. The discussion is concluded by proposing an outline of a minimal set of tests that might help us resolve the real function of discovered genes, thus bringing the research results down to earth.

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Khan, Awais, Valpuri Sovero et Dorcus Gemenet. « Genome-assisted Breeding For Drought Resistance ». Current Genomics 17, n^o 4 (7 juin 2016) : 330–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202917999160211101417.

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Liu, Shaobao, Han Liu, Jiaojiao Jiao, Jun Yin, Tian Jian Lu et Feng Xu. « Biomechanics in plant resistance to drought ». Acta Mechanica Sinica 36, n^o 5 (2 septembre 2020) : 1142–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10409-020-00980-1.

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Kumar, Rishav. « Development of Drought Resistance in Rice ». International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7, n^o 05 (10 mai 2018) : 1439–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.705.171.

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Farooq, Muhammad, Abdul Wahid, Dong-Jin Lee, Osamu Ito et Kadambot H. M. Siddique. « Advances in Drought Resistance of Rice ». Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 28, n^o 4 (15 juillet 2009) : 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07352680902952173.

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Lynch, Jonathan P. « Rightsizing root phenotypes for drought resistance ». Journal of Experimental Botany 69, n^o 13 (17 février 2018) : 3279–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery048.

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Frébort, Ivo, Hana Pospíšilová et Petr Galuszka. « Engineering barley for increased drought resistance ». New Biotechnology 31 (juillet 2014) : S56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2014.05.1740.

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Quarrie, Stephen A. « Book Review : Drought Resistance in Cereals. » Outlook on Agriculture 19, n^o 2 (juin 1990) : 132–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709001900217.

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Saint Pierre, Carolina, José L. Crossa, David Bonnett, Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki et Matthew P. Reynolds. « Phenotyping transgenic wheat for drought resistance ». Journal of Experimental Botany 63, n^o 5 (2 janvier 2012) : 1799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err385.

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Bernier, Jérôme, Gary N. Atlin, Rachid Serraj, Arvind Kumar et Dean Spaner. « Breeding upland rice for drought resistance ». Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 88, n^o 6 (2008) : 927–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3153.

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Choi, H. S. « Variation in water potential components among half-sib families of shortleaf pine (Pinusechinata) in response to soil drought ». Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, n^o 1 (1 janvier 1992) : 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-015.

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To assess family differences in response to drought, various water potential components of seedlings from six half-sib families of shortleaf pine (Pinusechinata Mill.) were compared under control (well-watered) and drought conditions. Drought stress resulted in significant changes in water relations parameters of the seedlings between treatments and among families. Although both Montgomery (103) and Pope (322) families had a superior capacity to adjust osmotically to both treatments, Montgomery (103) family exhibited greater potential to adapt to droughty environments through having the lowest values of osmotic potential both at maximum turgor and at the turgor loss point and having the highest values of (i) mean volume of osmostic water at the turgor loss point per volume of symplasmic water, (ii) symplasmic water volume per total shoot water volume, (iii) maximum bulk elastic modules, and (iv) turgor potential. Families Polk (115) and Scott (202) showed intermediate responses to drought. Both Scott (219) and Yell (342) families showed the lowest ability for osmotic adjustment to both treatments, but Yell (342) family revealed even lower drought resistance responses. Results from this study may provide the means of screening families that have high drought resistance potential during the field establishment period.

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Casas-Gómez, Pablo, Raúl Sánchez-Salguero, Víctor Lechuga, Benjamín Viñegla, José Ignacio Seco Gordillo, José Antonio Carreira et Juan Carlos Linares. « Adaptive Management in Relict Mediterranean Forests. Thinning Enhances Long-Term Growth but Short-Term Resilience to Drought in Abies pinsapo ». Environmental Sciences Proceedings 3, n^o 1 (11 novembre 2020) : 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecf2020-07880.

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Current climate change in the Mediterranean basin is associated to increasing frequency and intensity of droughts. This climate dryness entails a serious impact on drought-sensitive forests, several of them considered as hot spots of biodiversity. Adaptive management, as experimental thinning for stand structural diversity enhancement, may increase tree-level resources availability. However, the long-term stand-level effectiveness of this approach at sustaining forest ecosystem functioning remains uncertain. Here, we attempt to place experimental thinning in a climate change adaptation context, using as experimental system the drought-sensitive fir Abies pinsapo. We conducted a long-term study (2004–2019), focused on tree basal area increment (BAI) and quantified to what extent thinning treatments improved drought resistance, recovery and resilience to drought in the remaining trees. The results support a post-thinning (after 2004) BAI increase in thinned stands (+104% if 30% thinning of basal area was applied; +141% for 60% thinning) compared to controls (+21%). Short-term growth resilience, estimated for an extreme drought occurred after thinning (2005), yielded higher resilience for thinned stands, throughout improved resistance, but similar recovery than control. However, extreme droughts observed thereafter (for instance in 2012) do not support a long-term increase in resilience. Growth resilience, estimated for wetter-than-average years showed similar short-term enhanced resilience in thinned stand, while these differences dispelled afterward.

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Zhang, He Xi, Dao Cai Chi, Yong Tao Wang et Liu Liu. « Analysis of Multi-Year Drought in Guizhou Province and Research of Drought Resistance Measures ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (septembre 2013) : 2077–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.2077.

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This paper illustrated the drought resistance strategy, analyzed the profile, characteristics, development tendency and the cause of the drought in Guizhou Province. And the paper analyzed the major measures and achievements of the drought resistance emphatically to provide a reference basis for Guizhou drought resistance.

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Kosová, K., P. Vítámvás, M. O. Urban, J. Kholová et I. T. Prášil. « Breeding for enhanced drought resistance in barley and wheat &ndash ; drought-associated traits, genetic resources and their potential utilization in breeding programmes ». Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 50, No. 4 (27 novembre 2014) : 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/118/2014-cjgpb.

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Drought represents the most devastating abiotic stress factor worldwide. It severely limits plant growth and development as well as agricultural characteristics including the final yield. The aim of this review is to summarise recent results of the breeding of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum; T. durum) for improved resistance to drought stress. First, drought-associated terms and definitions are outlined and plant strategies to cope with drought are presented. A brief overview of plant physiological mechanisms involved in water uptake and release is provided. Photosynthesis-related parameters (CO<sub>2</sub> availability and associated features such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity, <sup>13</sup>C discrimination activity, water use efficiency) are discussed due to the crucial role of plant leaf stomata in both photosynthesis and water management. The second part describes the present state of research on drought resistance-associated traits in barley and wheat. Different strategies of plant water management aimed at maximising the final yield under various types of drought stress are discussed. Possibilities of the detection, identification and characterization of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in barley and wheat germplasm are discussed and the future approaches to breeding for enhanced drought resistance as a complex physiological and agronomical trait are outlined.

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Zhang, Miao, et Xing Yuan. « Rapid reduction in ecosystem productivity caused by flash droughts based on decade-long FLUXNET observations ». Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, n^o 11 (24 novembre 2020) : 5579–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5579-2020.

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Abstract. A flash drought is characterized by its rapid onset and arouses widespread concerns due to its devastating impacts on the environment and society without sufficient early warnings. The increasing frequency of soil moisture flash droughts in a warming climate highlights the importance of understanding its impact on terrestrial ecosystems. Previous studies investigated the vegetation dynamics during several extreme cases of flash drought, but there is no quantitative assessment on how fast the carbon fluxes respond to flash droughts based on decade-long records with different climates and vegetation conditions. Here we identify soil moisture flash drought events by considering decline rate of soil moisture and the drought persistency, and we detect the response of ecosystem carbon and water fluxes to a soil moisture flash drought during its onset and recovery stages based on observations at 29 FLUXNET stations from croplands to forests. Corresponding to the sharp decline in soil moisture and higher vapor pressure deficit (VPD), gross primary productivity (GPP) drops below its normal conditions in the first 16 d and decreases to its minimum within 24 d for more than 50 % of the 151 identified flash drought events, and savannas show highest sensitivity to flash drought. Water use efficiency increases for forests but decreases for cropland and savanna during the recovery stage of flash droughts. These results demonstrate the rapid responses of vegetation productivity and resistance of forest ecosystems to flash drought.

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Marsita, Rahmi, et Estri Laras Arumingtyas. « Drought Resistance Variation of Mutant of Kenaf KR11 Based on Prolin Accumulation ». Natural-B 3, n^o 3 (1 avril 2014) : 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.natural-b.2014.002.03.10.

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Han, Qingquan, Qingxue Guo, Helena Korpelainen, Ülo Niinemets et Chunyang Li. « Rootstock determines the drought resistance of poplar grafting combinations ». Tree Physiology 39, n^o 11 (30 septembre 2019) : 1855–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpz102.

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Abstract To increase yield and/or enhance resistance to diseases, grafting is often applied in agriculture and horticulture. Interspecific grafting could possibly be used in forestry as well to improve drought resistance, but our understanding of how the rootstock of a more drought-resistant species can affect the grafted plant is very limited. Reciprocal grafts of two poplar species, Populus cathayana Rehder (less drought-resistant, C) and Populus deltoides Bart. ex Marsh (more drought-resistant, D) were generated. Four grafting combinations (scion/rootstock: C/C, C/D, D/D and D/C) were subjected to well-watered and drought stress treatments. C/D and D/C had a higher diameter growth rate, leaf biomass, intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEi) and total non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) content than C/C and D/D in well-watered condition. However, drought caused greater differences between P. deltoides-rooted and P. cathayana-rooted grafting combinations, especially between C/D and D/C. The C/D grafting combination showed higher resistance to drought, as indicated by a higher stem growth rate, net photosynthetic rate, WUEi, leaf water potential, proline concentration and NSC concentration and maintenance of integrity of the leaf cellular ultrastructure under drought when compared with D/C. D/C exhibited severely damaged cell membranes, mitochondria and chloroplasts under drought. The scion genotype caused a strong effect on the root proline concentration: the P. cathayana scion increased the root proline concentration more than the P. deltoides scion (C/C vs D/C and C/D vs D/D) under water deficit. Our results demonstrated that mainly the rootstock was responsible for the drought resistance of grafting combinations. Grafting of the P. cathayana scion onto P. deltoides rootstock resulted in superior growth and biomass when compared with the other three combinations both in well-watered and drought stress conditions.

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Avksentieva, O. O. « Screening cultivars of soybean, contrasting for rapidity maturity, of the degree for heat- and drought resistance, in vivo and in vitro ». Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 27 (1 septembre 2020) : 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v27.1328.

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Aim. Screening for complex heat and drought resistance in varieties of soybeans that differ for maturity in growing experiences and in vitro culture. Methods. To create the conditions of "artificial drought" experimental seedlings and calluses with the addition of 10% mannitol solution were cultured, heat resistance analysis out under the influence of temperature shock (60 ° C) of different duration (10-30 minutes) was carried. Drought and heat resistance by rapid analysis of seed germination and growth inhibition were determined, and in vitro by growth index (RI) and protein coagulation temperature (PCT). Results. During drought and hyperthermia tested varieties with different ripening differ in the degree of resistance to these stressors. Increased drought and heat resistance in conditions, both in vivo and in vitro middle-matured Yatran and middle-early Ustya, lowered – ultra-ripe Anushka were showed. The ripening Hajibey variety the lowest level of complex drought and heat resistance was characterized. Conclusions. It is assumed that the level of drought and heat resistance is determined by the genotypic characteristics of the varieties and may be related to the sign of the duration of the growing season – rapidity of maturity. Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merr., duration of growing season, drought resistance, heat resistance, callus culture.

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Amineva, E. Yu, A. P. Gureev, T. M. Tabatskaya, O. S. Mashkina et V. N. Popov. « Genotypic variability of Pinus sylvestris L. on the drought-resistance attribute ». Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 23, n^o 1 (26 février 2019) : 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/vj19.456.

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There was an increase and intensification of droughts in connection with global climate change in recent decades. Not all plant organisms are able to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Therefore, the question of stressresistant (drought-resistant) genotypes selection for breeding is quite urgent. This problem also concerns forest tree plants, including Scots pine, which is one of the main foresters in the Voronezh region. The results of vegetative and generative sphere analysis of individual Scotch pine trees with the help of biotechnology, molecular-genetic and cytogenetic method are given in this study. The possibility of applying the tissue culture method in vitro for testing initial plants for stress resistance, including drought resistance, is explained by the interconnection of cells, tissues and the whole plant properties. It is shown that the cytogenetic characteristics of the seed progeny and the indicators of callusogenic reactions do not always coincide in different genotypes: in some cases energy resources are spent on ontogeny protection, while, in other cases, to reproductive function maintain. There are trees, in which the state the generative sphere in arid years is at the level of optimal years, and their callus cultures reaction remains unchanged even under simulated conditions of drought. Based on the results obtained for the selection of Scots pine drought-resistant genotypes we suggest applying a system of criteria characterizing both the ability of the vegetative sphere to survive in drought conditions on the basis of the tissue culture method in vitro (callus tissue formation speed, its viability, frequency of callusogenesis), and the state of the generative sphere with the help of cytogenetic analysis of seed progeny (frequency of mitosis pathologies, the proportion of cells with micronuclei, mitotic activity). The expediency of applying the biotechnological approach was proved by analysis of the gene expression level of stress proteins: the level of AbaH gene expression correlates greatly with the indicator of the viability of callus cultures, including ones on a nutrient medium with an additional stress agent (NaCl). Trees that can be assigned to drought-resistant ones, according to the results of the analysis, should be recommended for use in breeding.

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Zhao, Jingxue, Tongren Xu, Jingfeng Xiao, Shaomin Liu, Kebiao Mao, Lisheng Song, Yunjun Yao, Xinlei He et Huaize Feng. « Responses of Water Use Efficiency to Drought in Southwest China ». Remote Sensing 12, n^o 1 (6 janvier 2020) : 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010199.

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Water use efficiency (WUE) measures the tradeoff between carbon uptake and water consumption in terrestrial ecosystems. It remains unclear how the responses of WUE to drought vary with drought severity. We assessed the spatio-temporal variations of ecosystem WUE and its responses to drought for terrestrial ecosystems in Southwest China over the period 2000–2017. The annual WUE values varied with vegetation type in the region: Forests (3.25 gC kg−1H2O) > shrublands (2.00 gC kg−1H2O) > croplands (1.76 gC kg−1H2O) > grasslands (1.04 gC kg−1H2O). During the period 2000–2017, frequent droughts occurred in Southwest China, and overall, drought had an enhancement effect on WUE. However, the effects of drought on WUE varied with vegetation type and drought severity. Croplands were the most sensitive to drought, and slight water deficiency led to the decline of cropland WUE. Over grasslands, mild drought increased its WUE while moderate and severe drought reduced its WUE. For forests and shrublands, mild and moderate drought increased their WUE, and only severe drought reduce their WUE, indicating that these ecosystems had stronger resistance to drought. Assessing the patterns and trends of ecosystem WUE and its responses to drought are essential for understanding plant water use strategy and informing ecosystem water management.

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Kumar, A., D. P. Singh et P. Singh. « Genotypic variation in the responses of Brassica species to water deficit ». Journal of Agricultural Science 109, n^o 3 (décembre 1987) : 615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600081880.

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The problem of drought presents a challenge to plant breeders as breeding is a major method by which yield improvement can be obtained in drought-prone areas. The plant responses to drought and the nature of drought resistance have received the attention of several workers (Kozlowski, 1968; Kramer, 1969; Levitt, 1972). There are reports in the literature which show that yield and drought resistance are controlled by separate genetic entities. Breeding thus requires identification of definite drought resistance attributes and their transfer to high-yielding and agronomically acceptable cultivars.

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Dong, Tiantian, Lijuan Xi, Bo Xiong, Xia Qiu, Shengjia Huang, Wenxin Xu, Jiaqi Wang et al. « Drought resistance in Harumi tangor seedlings grafted onto different rootstocks ». Functional Plant Biology 48, n^o 5 (2021) : 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp20242.

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In this study we analysed the influence of drought stress on the leaf morphological characteristics, osmotic adjustment substances, antioxidant enzymes, and resistance-related photosynthetic physiological indices of Harumi tangor plants grafted onto Poncirus trifoliata (Pt), Citrus junos (Cj), and Citrus tangerine (Ct). The leaf relative water content and leaf area of the three rootstocks decreased with increasing drought stress, with the smallest decrease in Cj. The relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content increased with increasing drought stress. Proline, total soluble sugar, soluble protein, and activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase increased with drought stress but decreased under severe drought stress, with Cj exhibiting the greatest increase in enzyme activity. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and chlorophyll a and b content were all lower than those of the control, whereas intercellular CO2 concentration increased with increasing drought stress. The initial fluorescence and maximal quantum yield of PSII were approximately equal for all rootstocks but increased with increasing drought stress severity. The combined analysis of physiological indicators, membership function, and principal components indicated that the drought resistance of grafted H. tangor decreased in the order Cj > Ct > Pt.

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