Articles de revues : « Resilience, ecological transition, cities »

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Li, Qirui. « Resilience Thinking as a System Approach to Promote China’s Sustainability Transitions ». Sustainability 12, n^o 12 (18 juin 2020) : 5008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12125008.

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Urban regeneration and rural revitalization are becoming major policy initiatives in China, which requires new approaches for sustainability transitions. This paper reviewed the history of policy reforms and institutional changes and analysed the main challenges to sustainability transitions in China. The urban-rural systems were defined as a complex dynamic social-ecological system based on resilience thinking and transition theory. The notions of adaptation and transformation were applied to compose a framework to coordinate “resilience” with “sustainability”. The findings indicate that China’s urbanization has experienced the conservative development of restructuring socio-economic and political systems (before 1984), the fast industrialization and economic development leaned to cities (1984 to 2002), the rapid urbanization led by land expropriation and investment expansion (2002 to 2012), and the quality development transformation equally in urban and rural areas (since 2012). The sustainability transitions have been challenged by controversial institutional arrangements, concerning population mobility control, unequal social welfare, and incomplete property rights. A series of policy interventions should be designed and implemented accordingly with joint efforts of multiple stakeholders and based on the combined technocratic and bottom-up knowledge derived from proactive and conscious individuals and collectives through context-dependent social networks.

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Boulanger, Saveria Olga Murielle, et Martina Massari. « Advocating Urban Transition : A Qualitative Review of Institutional and Grassroots Initiatives in Shaping Climate-Aware Cities ». Sustainability 14, n^o 5 (25 février 2022) : 2701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052701.

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Climate change and its challenges have long been incorporated into the policy-making process. Advocacy actions urge to strengthen the socio-ecological resilience through engagement with stakeholders, feedback recollection, and testing of solutions. Several initiatives have been born to boost cities’ actions toward climate change mitigation and adaptation. Institutional coordinated actions such as transnational municipal networks (TMNs) and non-institutional, grassroots movements for climate action, are among them. The study focuses on four TMNs and two grassroots movements, which have an impact on the European and/or worldwide contexts. They are investigated qualitatively, reflecting on the roles and contributions to climate change that they provide both alone and together. The research questions focus on the instruments/elements/factors that they put in place to support the transition, the key messages, and how these are conferred to their key targets. The initiatives have been investigated in both the grey and scientific literature. The main results show that grassroots movements for climate action and TMNs have the potential to better support cities in their climate transition. However, local governments are urged to take advantage of both initiatives’ ability to develop networks of support, innovation and a sense of belonging. In conclusion, the research states that the two initiatives should be effectively connected and integrated with a complementary role concerning planning actions.

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Echave, C., A. Palladus, M. Boy-Roura, M. Cacciutolo, S. Niavis, A. Boulanger, TH Papatheochari, D. Ceh, S. Ponsa et B. Massabo. « Boosting Rural Areas Revitalization in the Mediterranean through Cross-cutting Approach Based on Ecological and Social Resilience ». Resourceedings 2, n^o 1 (25 février 2019) : 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i1.451.

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Urban areas have been identified as one of the key challenges to tackle in the next decades. Most of the environmental impacts associated to urban contexts are linked to an unsustainable use of resources basically due to urban planning and society’s consumption behaviour. Currently, the paradigm of sustainable cities brought out in the past years situates urban contexts as an opportunity to reduce these impacts. There is a wide range of strategies focused on cities and their transition to a more sustainable urban model: compactness, sustainable mobility, energy efficiency, waste management and greening are some of the most relevant approaches with clear indicators and implementation plans. However, rural areas are still pending for a precise strategy that highlights their ecological added value avoiding to be defined only as “not urban”. Rural areas should be emphasized from their productivity perspective and their key role in terms of resilience and adaptation to Climate Change. In the framework of the Interreg Med Programme, Thematic Communities are working on the capitalisation of projects from different kind of approaches of application in the Mediterranean Area. Four of these communities - Renewable Energy, Green Growth, Sustainable Tourism and Efficient Buildings - have several projects that present rural areas as one common territory of intervention. The aim of this paper is to expose the standards and goals proposed by the Interreg Med Thematic Communities for Rural Areas Revitalization as a resilience strategy in the Mediterranean Region, using a cross-cutting approach. The cross-cutting approach stresses the relation among the environment, society and economy: rural liveability, increasing RES production with sharing microgrid systems & efficient buildings, as well as green economy based on sectors such as agricultural & tourism activities. These standards and results will provide reference values to shape final policies recommendations. Consequently, the present paper is based on the joint cross-thematic effort and work from four thematic communities of the Interreg MED programme, previously mentioned. It includes some references to existing research studies, but the aim is to open the path to identify new challenges of Mediterranean rural areas and find potential solutions from a holistic approach.

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Trovato, Maria Rosa, et Cheren Cappello. « Climate Adaptation Heuristic Planning Support System (HPSS) : Green-Blue Strategies to Support the Ecological Transition of Historic Centres ». Land 11, n^o 6 (24 mai 2022) : 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11060773.

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The issue of climate has posed major and urgent challenges for the global community. The European Green Deal sets out a new growth strategy aimed at turning the European Union into a just and prosperous society, with a modern, resource-efficient, and competitive economy, which will no longer generate net greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Cities in this context are committed on several fronts to rapid adaptation to improve their resilience capacity. The historic centre is the most vulnerable part of a city, with a reduced capacity for adaptation, but also the densest of values, which increase the complexity of the challenge. This study proposes an integrated tool, Heuristic Planning Support System (HPSS), aimed at exploring green-blue strategies for the historic centre. The tool is integrated with classic Planning Support System (PSS), a decision process conducted from the perspective of heuristic approach and Geographic Information System (GIS). It comprises modules for technical assessment, environmental assessment Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), economic assessment Life Cycle Cost (LCC), Life Cycle Revenues (LCR), and Discounted Cash Flow Analysis (DCFA) extended to the life cycle of specific interventions, the Multi-Attribute Value Theory (MAVT) for the assessment of energy, environmental, identity, landscape, and economic values. The development of a tool to support the ecological transition of historic centres stems from the initiative of researchers at the University of Catania, who developed it based on the preferences expressed by a group of decision makers, that is, a group of local administrators, scholars, and professionals. The proposed tool supports the exploration of green-blue strategies identified by decision makers and the development of the plan for the historic district of Borgata di Santa Lucia in Syracuse.

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Dell’Anna, Federico. « An ELECTRE TRI B-Based Decision Framework to Support the Energy Project Manager in Dealing with Retrofit Processes at District Scale ». Sustainability 15, n^o 2 (9 janvier 2023) : 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021250.

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Cities represent the places with the highest environmental and energy impact in the world. Transforming them in a sustainable way has the potential to reduce the pressures of these areas. The building stock could be the driving force behind the energy transition of cities. With this in mind, understanding the priorities of undertaking a massive green regeneration operation becomes crucial to optimizing the use of public funds such as those of the National Recovery and Resilience Plans (NRRPs) that EU Member States have at their disposal. For this purpose, a multi-criteria ELECTRE TRI-B (ELimination Et Choix Traduisant La REalité TRI-B) model was used to provide useful information in prioritizing intervention on the existing building stock to achieve the sustainability targets set at European and international levels. The model was tested on a real case study located in Turin (Italy) to improve the management process by classifying intervention on a building stock characterized by different typologies and construction periods. Looking at the results, the retrofit operations with the highest priority relate to the apartment building sector from 1946 to 1970 and the multifamily building sector from 1919 to 1960. Despite the high initial investment requirements, an ecological transformation of this stock would result in significant reductions in health impacts, more green jobs, and lower resources consumption. The model is useful for managing public policies in this area by providing guidance to the project manager on how to proceed in the provision of ad hoc funds and could optimize the process of local community energy generation.

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Crupi, Francesco. « Urban Regeneration and Green and Blue Infrastructure : The Case of the “Acilia–Madonnetta” Urban and Metropolitan Centrality in the Municipality of Rome ». Urban Science 6, n^o 3 (31 août 2022) : 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci6030056.

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To contribute to the debate on climate-proof urban regeneration, the illustrated study seeks to understand how the provision of new multiscalar, multidimensional, and integrated planning tools based on sustainable and resilient strategies can guarantee high levels of urban, environmental, and energy efficiency and quality, as well as circularity of resources, counteracting the effects deriving from climate change. Starting from some regulatory and design references that integrate a new ecologically oriented city model into the planning of urban projects, the contribution identifies in the construction of green and blue infrastructures (GI) new design metaphors capable of improving biodiversity; favoring ecological and energy transition; restoring the quality of the air, water, and soil environmental matrices with natural solutions; and making cities truly inclusive, sustainable, and resilient. The methodology adopted for the design of the “Acilia–Madonnetta” Urban and Metropolitan Centrality in the Municipality of Rome simulates a planning process for part of the X Municipality by applying an iterative and interscalar logic, an articulation of levels and phases with the aim of prefiguring the construction of a GI characterized by new ecological-environmental and functional endowments strictly related to the promotion of an efficient, smart, and green city. The contribution highlights the potential and limits of the proposed experimentation, relating both to the quality and innovation of design solutions and possible evolutionary lines and to the lack of clear institutional governance that is limiting the implementation of projects.

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Cai, Zipan, Jessica Page et Vladimir Cvetkovic. « Urban Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment of Support Climate-Resilient City Development ». Urban Planning 6, n^o 3 (19 août 2021) : 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i3.4208.

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Climate change poses a threat to cities. Geospatial information and communication technology (Geo-ICT) assisted planning is increasingly being utilised to foster urban sustainability and adaptability to climate change. To fill the theoretical and practical gaps of urban adaptive planning and Geo-ICT implementation, this article presents an urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment approach using integrated socio-ecological modelling. The application of the Geo-ICT method is demonstrated in a specific case study of climate-resilient city development in Nanjing (China), aiming at helping city decision-makers understand the general geographic data processing and policy revision processes in response to hypothetical future disruptions and pressures on urban social, economic, and environmental systems. Ideally, the conceptual framework of the climate-resilient city transition proposed in this study effectively integrates the geographic data analysis, policy modification, and participatory planning. In the process of model building, we put forward the index system of urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment and use the assessment result as input data for the socio-ecological model. As a result, the model reveals the interaction processes of local land use, economy, and environment, further generating an evolving state of future land use in the studied city. The findings of this study demonstrate that socio-ecological modelling can provide guidance in adjusting the human-land interaction and climate-resilient city development from the perspective of macro policy. The decision support using urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment and quantitative system modelling can be useful for urban development under a variety of environmental change scenarios.

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Cui, Xiaolin, Jia Wu, Zhihui Li, Lu Peng, Zhan Shen et Jia Bi. « An Integrated Assessment and Factor Analysis of Water Related Environmental Risk to Cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt ». Water 13, n^o 16 (4 août 2021) : 2140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13162140.

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With rapid development of the economy and urbanization, water-related environmental risk in urban areas has increased and hindered social-economic development and ecological protection. The assessment of water-related environmental risk is of vital importance to the sustainable development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB). This study constructed a comprehensive assessment index system for water-related environmental risks from three perspectives: the hazards posed by risk sources, the effectiveness of the control mechanisms, and the vulnerability of the risk receptors. Employing the entropy method, the water-related environmental risks of cities in the YREB from 2000 to 2015 were comprehensively evaluated, and the obstacle degree model was used to analyze the associated influencing factors of the water-related environmental risk. The results showed that the overall level of water-related environmental risk of the YREB presented a significant spatial gradient characterized by “downstream risk > midstream risk > upstream risk”. The areas with higher risks were mainly distributed in the Yangtze River Delta in the downstream area, and Wuhan and Changsha in the midstream area, where their risk receptors were highly vulnerable, and efforts should be made to improve the resilience of these areas. In terms of temporal change, the average value of the comprehensive water-related environmental risk of the YREB dropped from 0.493 in 2005 to 0.392 in 2015, with a reduction rate ranging from about 16.55 to 25.76%. The number of cities with medium-high to high risk had gradually decreased, and the number of cities with medium, medium-low, and low risk continued to increase. The water-related environmental risk of the YREB as a whole is in the transition stage from high risk level to medium and low risk level. Specifically, the hazards posed by risk sources had increased continually, and especially increased significantly in the midstream of the YREB; the effectiveness of risk control mechanisms had increased throughout the region, with downstream cities mainly having a high level of effectiveness; the areas with high vulnerability of the risk receptors were mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta and showed an upward trend. Overall, the main source of water-related environmental risks and differences among the upstream, midstream and downstream cities had shifted from the hazards posed by risk sources to the effectiveness of risk control mechanisms and the vulnerability of the risk receptor. The main factors affecting the water-related environmental risk in the order of average obstacle degree were per capita GDP (34.43%), the number of beds per thousand people (18.70%) and the industrial structure height (15.55%). Therefore, promoting the adjustment of industrial structure, improving economic efficiency, developing the regional social economy, and improving and perfecting the construction of environmental protection infrastructure are effective ways to realize the mitigation and resolution of water-related environmental risks.

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Pickett, Steward T. A., Brian McGrath, M. L. Cadenasso et Alexander J. Felson. « Ecological resilience and resilient cities ». Building Research & ; Information 42, n^o 2 (9 décembre 2013) : 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2014.850600.

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Dong, Xiaojun, Tao Shi, Wei Zhang et Qian Zhou. « Temporal and Spatial Differences in the Resilience of Smart Cities and Their Influencing Factors : Evidence from Non-Provincial Cities in China ». Sustainability 12, n^o 4 (12 février 2020) : 1321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041321.

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Based on the sample data of 81 non-provincial smart cities in China in 2017, the comprehensive evaluation index of the resilience of sample cities is calculated by using the entropy method, and the spatial differences of different factors on the resiliency are analyzed by using the geographical weighted regression (GWR) model. The conclusions are as follows: Firstly, the comprehensive evaluation index of the resilience of smart cities presents a spatial distribution characteristic of decreasing from the east to the west. At the same time, the resilience comprehensive index, the public infrastructure resilience capacity index, the economic development resilience index, the social security resilience index, and the ecological environment resilience index of smart cities have obvious agglomeration effects on their geographical spaces. Secondly, the public infrastructure resilience capacity index and the ecological environment resilience index are both low with a discrete distribution, while the economic development resilience index and the social security resilience index are both high with a concentrated distribution. Thirdly, different factors have significantly positive effects on the resilience of smart cities. In particular, the public infrastructure capacity resilience index decreases from the north to the south with the spatial distribution pattern of concentration, the economic development resilience index and the ecological environment resilience index of smart cities decrease from the east to the west with a concentrated spatial distribution pattern, and the social security resilience index of smart cities decreases from the southwest to the northeast with a concentrated spatial distribution pattern. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance awareness of smart cities, strengthen the driving force of science and technology innovation, strengthen public infrastructure and service construction, and continuously improve the rapid resilience of smart cities.

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Xu, Xin, Meimei Wang, Mingfeng Wang, Yongchun Yang et Yuliang Wang. « The Coupling Coordination Degree of Economic, Social and Ecological Resilience of Urban Agglomerations in China ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, n^o 1 (27 décembre 2022) : 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010413.

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This paper refines the fuzzy logic method, while constructing a theoretical model of the relationship between economic resilience, social resilience and ecological resilience, and evaluates the coupling coordination between the economic-social-ecological resilience of 197 prefecture-level cities in China’s urban agglomerations in 2019. Findings include: (1) The mean ecological resilience of China’s urban agglomerations in 2019 was the highest, followed by economic and social resilience. (2) Promoting urban agglomerations had higher resilience scores in the three dimensions, especially in the economic dimension. Growing urban agglomerations had low resilience values on the whole, especially economic resilience. (3) The mean coupling coordination degree of economic-social-ecological resilience ranged from near-incoordination to narrow balance. (4) The coupling coordination degree between the two coincided with the positioning of existing urban agglomerations. (5) Economic resilience had the most significant impact on the coupling coordination. Finally, we give differentiated countermeasures to improve the resilience of urban agglomerations. This study aims to contribute to the promotion of urban resilience research, and helps to plan and design more rational urban economic-social-ecological systems, thereby enhancing the ability of cities to cope with any uncertainties and contingencies.

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Ma, Fei, Zuohang Wang, Qipeng Sun, Kum Fai Yuen, Yanxia Zhang, Huifeng Xue et Shumei Zhao. « Spatial–Temporal Evolution of Urban Resilience and Its Influencing Factors : Evidence from the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration ». Sustainability 12, n^o 7 (25 mars 2020) : 2593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072593.

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Rapid urbanization places great pressure on the ecological environment and the carrying capacity of cities. Improving urban resilience has become an inherent requirement for the sustainable development of modern cities and urban agglomerations. This study constructed a comprehensive system to evaluate urban resilience from four perspectives: The ecological environment, economic level, social environment, and infrastructure services. As a case study, the extreme entropy method and panel data from about 16 cities from 2009 to 2016 were used to calculate resilience levels in the Guanzhong plain urban agglomeration (GPUA) in China. The spatial and temporal evolution of urban resilience characteristics in the GPUA were analyzed using ArcGIS. The influencing factors were further explored using a grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the urban resilience of GPUA experienced geographical differentiation in the “East-Central-Western” area and a “circle type” evolution process. Most urban resilience levels were low. The resilience of the infrastructure and the ecological environment significantly impacted the city and became its development weaknesses. Economic considerations have become one of the main factors influencing fluctuations in urban resilience. In summary, this study explored the differences in resilience in the GPUA and provided a reference for improving the urban resilience of other cities located in underdeveloped regions. The study also provided a useful theoretical basis for sustainable urban development.

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Dessie, Elizabeth. « Applying resilience thinking to ‘ordinary’ cities : A theoretical inquiry ». Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 40, n^o 40 (1 juin 2018) : 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2018-0014.

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AbstractThis paper assesses the prospective contribution of social-ecological resilience thinking in advancing a theory of ‘ordinary’ cities. Building on the hierarchical divide that continues to prescribe analyses and representations of cities in urban studies, the paper suggests that, while ideologically contentious, the conceptual configuration of resilience thinking, promoted essentially through notions of uncertainty, diversity and transformation, shows considerable potential for interdisciplinary research. While remaining cautious about its analytical thresholds, applying the framework as it emerges from its ecological niche suggests that resilience thinking can, alongside other concepts, play a part in creating an enabling environment for broadening the way communities, neighbourhoods and institutions that form and connect cities across the globe are understood, studied and represented in urban theory; allowing us to recognise all cities and their citizens as relatable and ‘ordinary’.

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Liao, Liuwen, Enpu Ma, Hualou Long et Xiaojun Peng. « Land Use Transition and Its Ecosystem Resilience Response in China during 1990–2020 ». Land 12, n^o 1 (31 décembre 2022) : 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010141.

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Land use transition and its eco-environmental effects are important research topics. Its essence is the process that human activities exert interference to the ecological environment in the process of social and economic development, and the ecosystem resists interference and recovers and adapts to interference. The article starts from the transition of land use dominant morphology and takes ecological resilience as the breakthrough point. Based on four periods of land use data, this article studied the spatio-temporal evolution of land use and ecological resilience and the response of ecological resilience to land use transition in China from 1990 to 2020. The results showed as follows: (1) During the study period, the construction land in China continued to increase, and the forest land, grassland, and farmland showed a fluctuating trend. (2) The spatial distribution pattern of ecological resilience showed the characteristics of “high in the southeast and low in the northwest.” The mean value and total value of ecological resilience in the region decreased first and then increased, taking 2010 as the dividing line. The difference in ecological resilience increased first and then decreased. (3) Ecological land and construction land are the main types of land that affect the changes in ecological resilience. The higher the proportion of ecological lands such as forest land, grassland, and waters, the smaller the variable coefficient of ecological resilience. The higher the proportion of construction land, the greater the difference in ecosystem elasticity among different types of areas.

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Liang, Zifeng. « Assessment of the Construction of a Climate Resilient City : An Empirical Study Based on the Difference in Differences Model ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n^o 4 (21 février 2021) : 2082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042082.

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Facing climate risks has become a common problem for mankind and a topic of great importance for the Chinese government. To thoroughly implement the overall requirements for the construction of an ecological civilization and effectively improve the capacity of cities to adapt to climate change, China launched the pilot construction of “Climate Resilient Cities” in 2017. In this paper, 16 prefecture level cities in Anhui Province of China were selected as the research objects, and the multi-level grey system evaluation method was used to measure the climate resilience of these regions. We used the difference in differences method to evaluate the effect of the pilot policy of “Climate Resilient Cities.” The pilot policies of the “Climate Resilient Cities” showed a significant contribution to the regional climate resilience, and, after isolating the impact of other factors on the regional climate resilience, the pilot policies of the “Climate Resilient Cities” increased the climate resilience of the pilot cities by four percentage points. The pilot policies of the “Climate Resilient Cities” had a significant contribution to the urban infrastructure development and ecological space optimization, as well as non-significant impacts to the urban water security, emergency management capacity-building, and science and technology innovation initiatives.

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Lundy, L., et R. Wade. « Integrating sciences to sustain urban ecosystem services ». Progress in Physical Geography : Earth and Environment 35, n^o 5 (octobre 2011) : 653–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133311422464.

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Effective water management within urban settings requires robust multidisciplinary understanding and an appreciation of the value added to urban spaces by providing multifunctional green-blue spaces. Multifunctional landscapes where ecosystem service provisions are ‘designed-in’ can help ‘transition’ cities to more sustainable environments which are more resilient to changing future conditions. With benefits ranging from the supply of water, habitat and energy to pollutant removal, amenity and opportunities for recreation, urban water bodies can provide a focal point for reconnecting humans and nature in otherwise densely built-up areas. Managing water within urban spaces is an essential infrastructure requirement but has historically been undertaken in isolation from other urban functions and spatial requirements. Increasingly, because of the limits of space and need to respond to new drivers (e.g. mitigation of diffuse pollution), more sustainable approaches to urban water management are being applied which can have multiple functions and benefits. This paper presents a review of ecosystem services associated with water, particularly those in urban environments, and uses the emerging language of ecosystem services to provide a framework for discussion. The range of supporting, provisioning, regulating and cultural ecosystem services associated with differing types of urban water bodies are identified. A matrix is then used to evaluate the results of a series of social, ecological and physical science studies co-located on a single stretch of a restored urban river. Findings identify the benefits of, but also barriers to, the implementation of a transdisciplinary research approach. For many, transdisciplinary research still appears to be on the edge of scientific respectability. In order to approach this challenge, it is imperative that we bring together discipline specific expertise to address fundamental and applied problems in a holistic way. The ecosystem services approach offers an exciting mechanism to support researchers in tackling research questions that require thinking beyond traditional scientific boundaries. The opportunity to fully exploit this approach to collaborative working should not be lost.

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Ariyaningsih et Rajib Shaw. « Integration of SETS (Social–Ecological–Technological Systems) Framework and Flood Resilience Cycle for Smart Flood Risk Management ». Smart Cities 5, n^o 4 (30 septembre 2022) : 1312–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities5040067.

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The concept of “water smart city” is increasingly being recognized as a new approach to managing urban environments (including urban floods), especially in the context of developing countries, such as Indonesia. While Indonesia’s national capital relocation plan is expected to attract significant human migration to two nearby cities, Samarinda City and the port city of Balikpapan, these cities have continuously faced with severe risk of flooding. Therefore, this research proposes a flood management approach by reviewing the local city government’s flood risk management strategies and the smart city plan to enhance flood resilience. The integration of the SETS (Social–Ecological–Technological systems) framework and the Flood Resilience Cycle is undertaken to determine the state of flood management, which is followed by a review of smart city plans and programs in two selected cities (Samarinda and Balikpapan). The research mainly identifies how it can be implemented in the two selected cities based on SETS–FRC distribution. In accordance with the SETS–FRC (Flood Resilience Cycle) framework, it is revealed that both these cities have a higher emphasis on the flood prevention phase, as compared to other resilience phases. Based on the overall results, this study emphasizes the implementation of a water smart city concept for effective and smart flood risk management.

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Chen, Tian, Mengyuan Wang et Junnan Liu. « Evaluation of Ecosystem Services in Macao Based on InVEST Model ». Urbanie & ; Urbanus - Resilient Cities, n^o 7 (décembre 2022) : 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.55412/07.02.

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Global climate change leads to the frequent occurrence of Extreme climatic hazards such as flooding, high temperature and storm surges. High-density coastal cities have high disaster vulnerability due to the geographical location and agglomeration of social and economic resources. Therefore, it is urgent to improve resilience to ensure sustainable urban development. Ecosystems can significantly improve the resilience of cities due to their functions of carbon sinks, flood regulation, improving UHI and optimizing air quality. Therefore, this paper takes Macao, a typical high-density coastal city, as an example. Firstly, InVEST is used to construct an ecosystem services evaluation model including habitat quality, carbon storage and water supply. Secondly, the ecosystem services of Macao in 2010, 2015 and 2020 were evaluated to identify the spatial and temporal variation characteristics. Finally, core ecological protection zones, general ecological protection zones and ecological restoration zones were defined to provide a basis for improving the ecosystem service value and climate resilience of Macao.

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Huff, Emily, Michelle Johnson, Lara Roman, Nancy Sonti, Clara Pregitzer, Lindsay Campbell et Heather McMillen. « A Literature Review of Resilience in Urban Forestry ». Arboriculture & ; Urban Forestry 46, n^o 3 (1 mai 2020) : 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2020.014.

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Urban forests provide many benefits to residents and may also improve cities’ resilience, the overall capacity to recover from anthropogenic and natural disturbances. Resilience is often considered from an ecological, social, or social-ecological perspective. In this literature review, we synthesize past studies (n = 31) to explore resilience in urban forests and green spaces and to understand how social or ecological perspectives have been considered. We found studies that combine resilience and urban forests have been increasing over time. Definitions of both resilience and urban forests are highly variable, but generally the studies increasingly focus on a social-ecological systems approach. The most common theoretical framework applied to understanding urban forests and resilience is a risk and vulnerability assessment approach. Studies were spread across geographies, with some concentration near major research stations and universities with scientists who specialize in resilience and urban green spaces. As more attention is focused on the role of green infrastructure in contributing to urban resilience, we encourage the adoption of consistent definitions, theories, and indicators.

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Yu, Jie, Jiquan Zhang, Miaolei Zhou et Weiying Cai. « Impact of COVID-19 on the Comprehensive Resilience of Rural Areas—A Case Study of Jilin Province of China ». Sustainability 15, n^o 4 (9 février 2023) : 3152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043152.

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It is of practical significance for rural revitalization to clarify the gap in resilience development among different rural areas and improve the ability to cope with external interference. Combined with the strategic policy of rural revitalization in China, the evaluation index system of rural comprehensive resilience was constructed from the five dimensions of productive resilience, ecological resilience, social resilience, institutional resilience, and economic resilience. The advantages and disadvantages of rural development are determined based on a quantitative evaluation of the comprehensive resilience of rural development. This could provide a reference for decision making in rural development. This study uses the rural statistical data of nine cities (prefectures) in Jilin Province in 2019 and 2020 as an example as well as the entropy weight method to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on rural resilience development. The results showed that the pandemic situation has an obvious impact on rural economic resilience; rural areas with high ecological resilience have a strong ability to cope with the panidemic situation; and rural areas with excellent ecological environment resources have strong comprehensive resilience.

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Shi, Chenchen, Xiaoping Zhu, Haowei Wu et Zhihui Li. « Assessment of Urban Ecological Resilience and Its Influencing Factors : A Case Study of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration of China ». Land 11, n^o 6 (16 juin 2022) : 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11060921.

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Climate change and rapid urbanization bring natural and anthropogenetic disturbance to the urban ecosystem, damaging the sustainability and resilience of cities. Evaluation of urban ecological resilience and an investigation of its impact mechanisms are of great importance to sustainable urban management. Therefore, taking the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration (BTHUA) region in China as a study area, this study builds an evaluation index to assess urban ecological resilience and its spatial patterns with the resilience surrogate of net primary production during 2000–2020. The evaluation index is constructed from two dimensions, including the sensitivity and adaptability of urban ecosystems, to capture the two key mechanisms of resilience, namely resistance and recovery. Resilience-influencing factors including biophysical and socio-economic variables are analyzed with the multiple linear regression model. The results show that during 2000–2020, the spatial pattern of urban ecological resilience in the BTHUA is characterized by high resilience in the northwest and relatively low resilience in the southeast. High resilience areas account for 40% of the whole region, mainly contributed by Zhangjiakou and Chengde city in Hebei Province, which is consistent with the function orientation of the BTH region in its coordinated development. Along with urbanization in this region, ecological resilience decreases with increased population and increases with GDP growth; this indicates that, although population expansion uses resources, causes pollution and reduces vegetation coverage, with economic growth and technological progress, the negative ecological impact could be mitigated, and the coordinated development of social economy and ecological environment could eventually be reached. Our findings are consistent with mainstream theories examining the ecological impact of socio-economic development such as the Environmental Kuznets Curve, Porter Hypothesis, and Ecological Modernization theories, and provide significant references for future urbanization, carbon neutrality, resilience building, and urban ecological management in China.

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Tajuddin, Nilofer, et Marcin Dąbrowski. « Enabling Socio-Ecological Resilience in the Global South : Insights from Chennai, India ». Sustainability 13, n^o 19 (22 septembre 2021) : 10522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910522.

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Addressing climate change adaptation in the cities of the Global South is crucial as they are the most at risk and, arguably, the least capable of coping with it due to their rapid expansion, informal development, and limited institutional capacity. This paper explores this challenge in the case of Chennai, India, a city which, in recent years, has faced several climate related disasters, including floods. Building on an innovative combination of research methods (policy documents analysis, stakeholder interviews, and a community workshop), the study analyses the barriers and explores potentials for operationalising socio-ecological resilience in Chennai in the face of an ongoing conflict between rapid urbanisation and the natural water system, compromising the region’s hydrological capacity and resilience to flooding. In particular, drawing on the notion of evolutionary resilience and multi-level approach, the paper investigates (1) the scope for developing an integrated vision for resilience of the Chennai region (macro level); (2) the presence and the capacity of institutions to connect the different stakeholders and mediate their interests (meso level); and (3) the barriers and potentials developing local adaptation strategies in a bottom-up manner (micro level). The study sheds light on the under-researched issue of socio-ecological resilience in Chennai, while identifying potentials for implementing it through a combination of top down and bottom-up approaches, which in turn provides useful lessons for planning for resilience in other cities in the Global South.

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Arani, Babak M. S., Stephen R. Carpenter, Leo Lahti, Egbert H. van Nes et Marten Scheffer. « Exit time as a measure of ecological resilience ». Science 372, n^o 6547 (10 juin 2021) : eaay4895. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aay4895.

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Ecological resilience is the magnitude of the largest perturbation from which a system can still recover to its original state. However, a transition into another state may often be invoked by a series of minor synergistic perturbations rather than a single big one. We show how resilience can be estimated in terms of average life expectancy, accounting for this natural regime of variability. We use time series to fit a model that captures the stochastic as well as the deterministic components. The model is then used to estimate the mean exit time from the basin of attraction. This approach offers a fresh angle to anticipating the chance of a critical transition at a time when high-resolution time series are becoming increasingly available.

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Yang, Mei, Mengyun Jiao et Jinyu Zhang. « Coupling Coordination and Interactive Response Analysis of Ecological Environment and Urban Resilience in the Yangtze River Economic Belt ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n^o 19 (22 septembre 2022) : 11988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911988.

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There is a complex dynamic coupling interaction process between the ecological environment and urban resilience. It is important to clarify the coordination relationship and interactive response mechanism between them for sustainable development construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The coupling coordination degree model and the panel vector autoregressive model (PVAR) were adopted to quantitatively examine the dynamic coordination and interactive response of the ecological environment and urban resilience in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2019. Our study’s results are the following: (1) The ecological environment index and urban resilience index have a generally positive trend of fluctuation and increase during the study period but show significant regional differentiation. (2) The coupling coordination degree of ecological environment and urban resilience in the Yangtze River Economic Belt increased steadily, forming a spatial distribution pattern of “strong in the east and weak in the west”, with cities in the region mainly at the basic coordination level and generally lagging behind in development. (3) Both the ecological environment and urban resilience systems in the Yangtze River Economic Belt have significant self-reinforcing mechanisms, but the reinforcing effect is gradually decreasing, and the two positively promote each other, with urban resilience showing a more obvious promoting effect on the ecological environment.

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Zhang, Mengjie, Chong Peng, Jianfeng Shu et Yingzi Lin. « Territorial Resilience of Metropolitan Regions : A Conceptual Framework, Recognition Methodologies and Planning Response—A Case Study of Wuhan Metropolitan Region ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n^o 4 (9 février 2022) : 1914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19041914.

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As the key link and spatial form of urbanization in China, metropolitan region development has become a strategic frontier issue in the field of regional planning and territorial resilience. This paper defines the essence of territorial resilience of metropolitan regions, analyses the capacity of the system and its elements, and builds a regional planning framework. An evaluation indicator system is constructed to evaluate the territorial resilience level and identify the limiting factors in the Wuhan metropolitan region by utilizing the grey correlation model and the obstacle degree model. The results show that the resilience of Wuhan metropolitan region forms an overall pattern of one core area and four sub-regions in the east, west, north and south. According to the different limiting factors of resilience, cities can be divided into three types: cities limited by both policy and spatial resource factors, cities with lagging socioeconomic factors, and cities with insufficient innovation factors. This paper proposes planning response strategies to enhance resilience from two spatial levels. At the regional level this can be done by building a gradually balanced urban system, establishing three areas based on the degree of resilience factor agglomeration, while at the urban level it can be accomplished by maintaining ecological security, promoting economic agglomeration development and constructing innovation networks.

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Liao, Liping, Minzhe Du et Jie Huang. « The Effect of Urban Resilience on Residents’ Subjective Happiness : Evidence from China ». Land 11, n^o 11 (25 octobre 2022) : 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11111896.

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This study aims to analyze the role of urban resilience in residents’ subjective happiness in China. Results show that the overall urban resilience is a critical factor in improving residents’ subjective happiness, and each sub-class resilience index of cities in the ecological, social, infrastructure, and economic aspects shows positive and significant correlations with residents’ subjective happiness. Heterogeneous results show that the effect of urban resilience is greater for residents with higher education or living in cities with larger population size. The mechanism results show that four possible channels are confirmed. The rise of urban resilience raises residents’ subjective happiness through increasing residents’ income or consumption, improving their health status, and raising their social trust or social integration. The main conclusion drawn from the empirical analysis is that raising urban resilience is an effective strategy to strengthen residents’ subjective happiness.

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Shi, Jun, et Ning Liang. « Petroleum Resources-Based Urban Ecological Planning and Development. Research Based on Green Growth and Economic Transition ». Open House International 44, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2019) : 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2019-b0018.

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Petroleum resource-based city is an important part of urban system in China. Under the background of green growth and economic transition, petroleum resource-based city is facing the problem of sustainable development. This paper takes petroleum resources-based cities in China as the research object, and uses urban ecological planning method to analyze the basic methods of petroleum resources-based urban ecological planning and development from three aspects: establishing multi-level city circle layer, building urban ecotope and promoting urban renewal. The results show that green growth and economic transition of petroleum resources cities in China depend on government planning for urban development, including statutory planning and non-statutory planning. Petroleum resources-based cities should promote the ecological planning and development of petroleum resources-based cities in China from three aspects: optimizing the industrial structure of cities, optimizing the layout of urban functional areas and optimizing the layout of urban ecolandscape in order to adapt to green growth and economic transition.

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Chen, Hongyi, Yanzhong Liu, Lin Hu, Zuo Zhang, Yong Chen, Yuchuan Tan et Yufei Han. « Constructing a Flood-Adaptive Ecological Security Pattern from the Perspective of Ecological Resilience : A Case Study of the Main Urban Area in Wuhan ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, n^o 1 (26 décembre 2022) : 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010385.

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The frequent occurrence of floods in urban areas caused by climate change challenges urban resilience. This research aims to construct an ecological security pattern (ESP) that is adaptive to floods to enhance urban resilience in the hope that it will help cities cope with floods better. In this research, the main urban area of Wuhan (WUH) represents the study area. The lakes were selected as the ecological sources and the Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) model was used to calculate the runoff volume corresponding to each land type and, based on this, assign resistance values to the land types; as such, the land type surface is referred to as the runoff resistance surface, and the runoff resistance surface is then modified by ecosystem service capabilities. The Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) model was used to extract the connecting corridors between the sources. This research plan includes 18 ecological sources, 10 key ecological corridors, and 22 potential ecological corridors, with a total length of about 344.21 km. Finally, it provides a two-axis and three-core urban ecological resilience optimization strategy for decision makers and a new approach for controlling floods in urban areas from the perspective of ecological resilience.

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Dehghani, Alireza, Mehdi Alidadi et Ali Soltani. « Density and Urban Resilience, Cross-Section Analysis in an Iranian Metropolis Context ». Urban Science 7, n^o 1 (13 février 2023) : 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci7010023.

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While there is a large body of research on sustainable development and urban resilience, the interaction between urban densification and urban resilience remains understudied. This study aims to investigate several facets of urban resilience and densification before analyzing their mutual relationship. Focusing on ecological, social, economic, and physical elements of urban resilience on the one hand and population density, residential density, built-up area ratio (BAR), and parcel density on the other, a combination of spatial and quantitative methodologies is applied. Our empirical investigation revealed that the spatial distribution of all resilience indicators is varied. In other words, the cumulative form of urban resilience indicators has a different significance than the individual version. Similarly, different types of density have varying orientations and degrees of connection with measures of resilience that should be evaluated in empirical investigations. In addition, our research revealed that density has a stronger relationship with social and physical resilience than with ecological and economic resilience. The findings drawn from this research have the potential to inform the design of secure, resilient cities across a range of spatial dimensions.

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Ziervogel, Gina, Mark Pelling, Anton Cartwright, Eric Chu, Tanvi Deshpande, Leila Harris, Keith Hyams et al. « Inserting rights and justice into urban resilience : a focus on everyday risk ». Environment and Urbanization 29, n^o 1 (20 mars 2017) : 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247816686905.

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Resilience building has become a growing policy agenda, particularly for urban risk management. While much of the resilience agenda has been shaped by policies and discourses from the global North, its applicability for cities of the global South, particularly African cities, has not been sufficiently assessed. Focusing on rights of urban citizens as the object to be made resilient, rather than physical and ecological infrastructures, may help to address many of the root causes that characterize the unacceptable risks that urban residents face on a daily basis. Linked to this idea, we discuss four entry points for grounding a rights and justice orientation for urban resilience. First, notions of resilience must move away from narrow, financially oriented risk analyses. Second, opportunities must be created for “negotiated resilience”, to allow for attention to processes that support these goals, as well as for the integration of diverse interests. Third, achieving resilience in ways that do justice to the local realities of diverse urban contexts necessitates taking into account endogenous, locally situated processes, knowledges and norms. And finally, urban resilience needs to be placed within the context of global systems, providing an opportunity for African contributions to help reimagine the role that cities might play in these global financial, political and science processes.

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Frantzeskaki, Niki. « Bringing Transition Management to Cities : Building Skills for Transformative Urban Governance ». Sustainability 14, n^o 2 (7 janvier 2022) : 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14020650.

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Cities are open to trialing new approaches for advancing their planning and urban governance practice. Evidence from urban research and practice shows that transition management has been widely and diversely applied for strategic planning for climate mitigation and adaptation, regeneration, as well as sectoral (energy, water, waste) and social cohesion agendas. Despite the amounting evidence of the applications of transition management, the research has not identified what it is required in terms of skills to apply such a governance framework for participatory governance in cities. In this paper, we respond to this gap by providing evidence from 11 cities across Europe that applied transition management as an approach to participatory urban governance for unpacking what transformative actions are required to strengthen urban resilience in deprived neighborhoods. Our multi-case study research and analysis reveals that a multitude of vocational and academic skills are required for the application of transition management approach including systems thinking, creativity, theory-to-practice application skills, diplomatic skills for forging partnerships and learning alliances and openness to learning-by-doing during experimentation. Transition management application in cities in the Resilient Europe project brought about positive outcomes in terms of developing new skills, embedding new knowledge about urban resilience and transition management in planning.

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Ge, Wenjing, et Guixiang Zhang. « Resilient Public Transport Construction in Mega Cities from the Perspective of Ecological Environment Governance ». Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (8 août 2022) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9143618.

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With the rapid development of the social economy, environmental and resource constraints of economic growth are becoming more and more serious. Therefore, for cities, we should take the road of green development and sustainable development. On the one hand, we should fully implement the basic policies issued by the central government. On the other hand, we should fully integrate the actual situation of the city to make it better implemented, which will help to improve the ability of ecological environment governance and consolidate the ecological advantages of the city. With the development of the urban economy and the continuous increase of population, the development pressure faced by cities is also increasing. Innovating urban construction mode has increasingly become the focus of the development of the new era. The main reason is that the continuous growth of the urban population, environmental pollution, traffic congestion, and ecological damage has caused great trouble to urban residents. The traditional public service governance model has been unable to meet the current public service needs of urban residents. Based on this background, major cities around the world have begun to study urban resilience in order to prevent and resist the interference and impact brought by the outside world and maintain the sound development of the urban system. Based on the demand for ecological environment governance, this study analyzes the current situation and causes of urban ecological environment governance in China and the problems existing in urban resilient transportation construction in China, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures for ecological environment governance and the current situation of urban resilient public transportation construction. This study has great theoretical and practical significance to promote the sustainable development of the Chinese ecological environment and the resilience construction of urban transportation.

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Su, Yu-Shou. « Urban Flood Resilience in New York City, London, Randstad, Tokyo, Shanghai, and Taipei ». Journal of Management and Sustainability 6, n^o 1 (26 février 2016) : 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v6n1p92.

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<p>Making cities resilient to natural disasters has become a priority for many policy makers. However, few studies of global cities analyze environmental vulnerability, disaster resilience, or urban flood resilience. This article analyzes global cities’ disaster resilience to flooding: New York City, London, Randstad, Tokyo, Shanghai, and Taipei. Case studies of those global cities will assist cities world-wide to prepare for the future. Results indicate that a hurricane could leave approximately 25% of New York City with severe economic losses by 2050. In London, 15% of the land is located in flood-prone areas. The Thames Barrier began to operate to protect London from flooding in 1982. However, this also encouraged housing development closer to the river, and resulted in higher exposure and vulnerability of flooding. Randstad has approximately 40% of its land areas in flood-prone areas, but Randstad is well prepared for flood risk reduction by land-use and environmental planning. In Tokyo, extensive urbanization suffers from severe damages once flooding occurs. In Shanghai, approximately 50% of its land is in flood-prone areas. Shanghai is the most vulnerable to floods of the coastal cities. Shanghai is still not well prepared in land-use and environment planning for urban flood resilience. In Taipei, flood-prone areas account for approximately 41% of its total land area in an extreme weather scenario. Among these six global cities, Asian cities should focus more on urban flood resilience since most of flooding hotspots by 2025 will be located in Asian nations with having weak policies and actions, inadequate risk information, insufficient budgets and poor implementation capacities (UNISDR 2013). This research suggests that global cities, particularly Asian cities, should promote policies of urban flood resilience, focusing on land-use and environmental planning for resilience as well as strengthening their organizations and funding to reduce disaster risk, maintain up-to-date risk and vulnerability assessment. Urban policies should include environmentally responsible development in the face of continued population and economic growth, and being resilient regarding natural disasters. Cities can also adopt a growth management policy to direct development away from flooding hotspots. Urban regeneration policy should require developers to improve storm sewers, water retention ponds, and permeable surfaces. Planning more space for rivers, more constructed wetlands, and more ecological ponds to accommodate water is important. Cities can promote an actuarially fair flood insurance program which can reflect actual flood risks. A bottom-up community resilience plan would assist achieving urban resilience.</p>

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Aimagambetova, Z. T., et Zh B. Ibraeva. « ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF A COMFORTABLE URBAN ENVIRONMENT ». Bulletin of Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Construction 81, n^o 3 (30 septembre 2021) : 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.51488/1680-080x/2021.3-02.

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The article touches upon the issues of ensuring openness, security, resilience, and environmental sustainability of cities. The authors come to the conclusion that in order to ensure a high quality of life for citizens and sustainable ecology, it is necessary to competently design cities, create a developed natural and ecological framework. In addition, it is noted that students, as future specialists, are in a fruitful search for design, for example, through color solutions.

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Schaefer, Mathias, Nguyen Xuan Thinh et Stefan Greiving. « How Can Climate Resilience Be Measured and Visualized ? Assessing a Vague Concept Using GIS-Based Fuzzy Logic ». Sustainability 12, n^o 2 (15 janvier 2020) : 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020635.

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As negative impacts of climate change tend to increase in the future, densely-populated cities especially need to take action on being robust against natural hazards. Consequently, there is a growing interest from scientists in measuring the climate resilience of cities and regions. However, current measurements are usually assessed on administrative levels, not covering potential hotspots of hazardous or sensitive areas. The main aim of this paper focusses on the measurement of climate resilience in the City of Dortmund, Germany, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Based on a literature review, we identified five essential components of climate resilience and initially designed a theoretical framework of 18 indicators. Since climate resilience is still a vague concept in scientific discourses, we implemented local expert knowledge and fuzzy logic modelling into our analysis. The benefit of this study not only lies in the fine-scale application, but also in the relevance for multiple disciplines by integrating social and ecological factors. We conclude that climate resilience varies within the city pattern, with the urban core tending to be less resilient than its surrounding districts. As almost the entire geodata set used is freely available, the presented indicators and methods are to a certain degree applicable to comparable cities.

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Qin, Fangming, et Gezhi Chen. « Vulnerability of Tourist Cities’ Economic Systems Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic : System Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms—A Case Study of 46 Major Tourist Cities in China ». Sustainability 14, n^o 5 (24 février 2022) : 2661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052661.

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Research on the vulnerability of tourist cities’ economic systems during COVID-19 can offer insightful implications for tourism recovery and resilience. We built a vulnerability index of tourist cities’ economic systems based on sensitivity and responsiveness amid COVID-19. Taking 46 major tourist cities in China as a case, the vulnerability indices and main vulnerability-induced factors were analyzed using a comprehensive assessment model and a factor identification model. The results revealed several trends. First, after the pandemic emerged, the vulnerability of the economic systems of major tourist cities remained mostly moderate. Vulnerability could be further divided into four types across four city characteristics and four system characteristics. Second, sensitivity had a more pronounced effect on system vulnerability; crisis pressure and inbound tourism reliance exerted key influences on the vulnerability of tourist cities’ economic systems. Cities with high and relatively high vulnerability were subject to tourism reliance sensitivity factors and urban guarantee responsiveness factors. Third, the pandemic’s influence on tourist cities’ economic system vulnerability was mainly reflected in exogenous environmental stress vulnerability (i.e., due to external environmental stress), but was essentially endogenous structural imbalance vulnerability (i.e., due to imbalanced internal structures). Fourth, system vulnerability can be alleviated by reducing system sensitivity, improving system responsiveness, and enhancing the system’s engineering resilience and ecological resilience. This study not only offers an overview of the vulnerability characteristics of tourist cities’ economic systems amid the COVID-19 pandemic, but also highlights the formation mechanisms of vulnerability.

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Miller, Michelle Ann, Mike Douglass et Jonathan Rigg. « Governing resilient cities for planetary flourishing in the Asia-Pacific ». Urban Studies 57, n^o 7 (13 mars 2020) : 1359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098020903955.

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For the first time in 2019, the Asia-Pacific became a majority urban region. The unprecedented pace and magnitude of urbanisation across Asia and the Pacific has exposed tens of millions of urban residents to heightened risks and vulnerabilities associated with the expanding ecological footprint of urban energy, food and water demands and the increasingly severe effects of global climate change. This special issue directs attention toward the challenges, innovations and examples of best practice in environmental governance for urban resilience in the Asia-Pacific region. Our understanding of urban resilience is tied to the concept of planetary flourishing that links the health and well-being of urban populations with sustainability behaviours that promote regeneration of the biosphere while redistributing environmental risks and benefits in more socially inclusive and equitable ways.

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Seeliger, Leanne, et Ivan Turok. « Towards Sustainable Cities : Extending Resilience with Insights from Vulnerability and Transition Theory ». Sustainability 5, n^o 5 (8 mai 2013) : 2108–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su5052108.

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Patrick, Rebecca, Mark Dooris et Blake Poland. « Healthy Cities and the Transition movement : converging towards ecological well-being ? » Global Health Promotion 23, n^o 1_suppl (mars 2016) : 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757975915595341.

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Miletic, Radmila, Dragana Miljanovic et Marina Todorovic. « Industrial cities in transition : Problem areas ». Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 89, n^o 3 (2009) : 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd0903191m.

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The complex transitional process of the central and eastern European countries from the centrally-planned economy towards the market economy has been characterized by numerous conflicts and dramatic changes, particularly in the production sector. Taking into consideration that industry had the dominant significance in the economic structure shortly before the collapse of communism, the primary focus of the reforms was directed towards its restructuring. Therefore, the deindustrialization, as the process of the economic, social, spatial and ecological changes connected with the reduction of the productive activities, has been an integral part of the transitional process in these countries. While some regions/cities reacted positively on the changes and had the advantage in the newly created circumstances, others faced with serious problems, weakened their position considerably in the local and regional frames. Thus, the spatial structure of industry was also modified on different levels of the territorial hierarchy. The uncompetitive economic base, spoiled environment, together with other unfavourable factors in many-structural industrial centers/regions has slowed down the exceeding of the structural lacks by taking them into a phase of stagnation or regression. In comparison with other post-socialist countries, the transitional process in Serbia was marked by a series of uniqueness as due to different historical heritage, circumstances in which the process had begun so due to applied policies of adapting and restructuring. .

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Grijalba Castro, Angela Ivette, et Leonardo Juan Ramírez López. « Sustainability and Resilience of Emerging Cities in Times of COVID-19 ». Sustainability 13, n^o 16 (23 août 2021) : 9480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169480.

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The organization of a territory relies on a group of transformations produced by economic, environmental, and social emergencies, generating disruptions along with history. Furthermore, every new scenario generates a considerable impact, which makes it more difficult to recover from increasing urban ecological footprints. COVID-19-emergence-aware cities face new challenges that will test their resilience. This new outline constitutes a study regarding urban planning from an environmental and resilience perspective within this new pandemic state of emergency. It contains four main topics: emergent cities, natural resources, sustainability, and resilience. The document shows a case study carried out in a Colombian town named Cajicá, where a bibliometric inquiry conducted with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) adjustments was managed, tested on forty-one scientific papers; all the above were verified by VOSviewer software tools. The study reveals the creation and visualization of several keyword networks and relations retrieved from all the selected articles, along with the use of eight additional documents for all relation analyses. Sustainability and resilience are the main findings, supported as a process of functionality within urban planning. Sustainability findings’ results are prioritized, along with resilience analysis processes, which are both frameworks used during the COVID-19 pandemic; they constitute the main argument within this set of changes, building on alterations of lifestyle and behavioral situations within the main cities.

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Pellegrino, Piera. « The transition from SEAP to SECAP : energy and climate-adaptive scenarios in urban planning of the coastal areas ». ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, n^o 131 (novembre 2021) : 97–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2021-131-s1005.

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Climate emergency and energy problems push cities towards paths aimed at adaptation and urban resilience. The article presents the experience of Ancona, a pioneer city in climate and energy planning, and the EU Joint_SECAP project as a supra-local methodological response for the Adriatic coastal cities.

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Borualogo, Ihsana Sabriani. « Resilience on Human Trafficking Victims in West Java ». MIMBAR : Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 34, n^o 1 (19 juin 2018) : 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v34i1.2856.

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There are cities/districts in West Java which have high number of human trafficking cases. Human trafficking victims experienced psychological distress due to violence they have experienced. The aim of this research is to describe resilience on human trafficking by using theory from Michael Ungar. This research used descriptive method with purposive sampling technique. Samples taken are 33 women, age 15-23 years old, mostly graduated from junior high school (16 persons = 49%). Data was collected using resilience questionnaire CYRM-28 which created by Michael Ungar. Research findings showed 69.7% of victims have high resilience. In socio-ecological dimension, which is relationship with caregiver (mean = 3.96) and context/sense of belonging (mean = 3.96) have higher mean compare to individual dimension (mean = 3.79). In socio-ecological dimension, psychological caregiving (mean = 4.15) and spiritual (mean = 4.10) are two important indicators which help individuals to become resilient. In individual dimension, personal skill (mean = 3.85) is the important indicator which must be owned by individuals to become resilient.

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Rosales, Natalie. « How can an ecological perspective be used to enrich cities planning and management ? » urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana 9, n^o 2 (6 avril 2017) : 314–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-3369.009.002.ao11.

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Abstract This conceptual article presents a comprehensive overview of principles, new urban descriptors and analysis methods that provide relevant ecological information, which can be fully incorporated into the planning process, by connecting ecological perspectives to planning and management issues. Section one summarizes the different notions of ecological urbanism and explores what concepts and basic assumptions can constitute a guide to implement an ecological perspective into urban planning. Section two covers what frameworks exist for planning and managing the city under an ecological perspective; and what methods and tools are being used by different stake holders to implement an ecological vision today. As a synthesis, the paper suggest that ecological urbanism applies through six concepts (ecological networks, nestedness, cycles, flows, dynamic balance and resilience), which can be covered by three principles: I) an eco-systemic understanding and management of the city; II) a bioregional governance; III) an ecologically balanced planning. By doing so, this piece of work builds conceptually and practically a frame towards the transformation of current planning and management practices outlining clues for reinterpreting strategies to re-signify and re-conceptualize the existing dichotomous relationship between city-nature, environment-society, while strives for a new understanding of the way we inhabit the habitat.

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Scheffer, Marten, Stephen R. Carpenter, Vasilis Dakos et Egbert H. van Nes. « Generic Indicators of Ecological Resilience : Inferring the Chance of a Critical Transition ». Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 46, n^o 1 (4 décembre 2015) : 145–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-112414-054242.

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Shi, Chenchen, Xiaoping Zhu, Haowei Wu et Zhihui Li. « Urbanization Impact on Regional Sustainable Development : Through the Lens of Urban-Rural Resilience ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n^o 22 (21 novembre 2022) : 15407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215407.

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The urban–rural system is an economically, socially, and environmentally interlinked space, which requires the integration of industry, space, and population. To achieve sustainable and coordinated development between urban and rural systems, dynamic land use change within the urban–rural system and the ecological and social consequences need to be clarified. This study uses system resilience to evaluate such an impact and explores the impact of land use change, especially land conversion induced by urbanization on regional development through the lens of urban–rural resilience. The empirical case is based on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration (BTHUA) in China from 2000 to 2020 when there was rapid urbanization in this region. The results show that along with urbanization in the BTHUA, urban–rural resilience is high in urban core areas and low in peripheral areas. From the urban core to the rural outskirts, there is a general trend that comprehensive resilience decreases with decreased social resilience and increased ecological resilience in this region. Specifically, at the city level, comprehensive resilience decreases sharply from the urban center to its 3–5 km buffer zone and then remains relatively stable in the rural regions. A similar trend goes for social resilience at the city level, while ecological resilience increases sharply from the urban center to its 1–3 km buffer zone, and then remains relatively stable in the rural regions in this region, except for cities in the west and south of Hebei. This study contributes to the conceptualization and measurement of urban–rural resilience in the urban–rural system with empirical findings revealing the impact of rapid urbanization on urban–rural resilience over the last twenty years in the BTHUA in China. In addition, the spatial heterogeneity results could be used for policy reference to make targeted resilience strategies in the study region.

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Ebisudani, Maiko, Sayaka Kishimoto, Haruko Yamaguchi, Toyohiko Nakakubo et Akihiro Tokai. « An Integrated Measurement Framework of City Resilience for Preparedness : A Case Study for Japan ». Journal of Sustainable Development 10, n^o 6 (29 novembre 2017) : 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n6p106.

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In order to increase the resilience of cities, there has been substantial effort to improve preparedness for, and response to, unexpected disasters. However, there is no specific measurement framework to address the degree of preparedness of a city. This study proposes the development of such a framework, in three phases: (1) identify multiple risks to a city, using risk perception theory, (2) evaluate and categorize these risks, according to public risk perception, using principal components analysis (PCA), and, (3) following the selection of risks, evaluate the resilience policy structure by counting the number of existing policies and using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). This study was customized for eight representative cities in Japan. Twenty-eight risks were identified and categorized as “Risk anxiety level” and “Preventive controllability”, based on public risk perception. Following the selection of four risks – greenhouse gas generation, energy shortage, ecological destruction, and earthquake – the policy evaluation indicated that earthquakes have the strongest resilience policy structure in all eight cities. This was also reflected in the degree of city preparedness for resilience, which suggested that every city has relatively higher preparedness for earthquakes among the risks. These findings suggest that these cities’ policies are well engaged with public concern. The study provides information that can help policy makers to improve communication with the public to meet well-intentioned policy, to predict public response to potential risks, and to direct educational efforts. Such information can also be helpful in redefining policy approaches to strengthen cities’ and residents’ preparedness for external stresses.

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Hou, Xin, Qianli Ma et Xuan Wang. « Spatial Differentiation and Elements Influencing Urban Resilience in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River under the COVID-19 Pandemic ». Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (4 juin 2021) : 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6687869.

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Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, in December 2019, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River became the key areas of the spread of the pandemic and association, and also as the urban economic recovery process after the pandemic eased, it provided an excellent opportunity to research urban resilience. From the viewpoint of urban social-ecological system resilience in public health emergencies, this study comprehensively applies the spatial econometrics, geodetector model, and other methods to investigate the urban resilience level, spatial differentiation, and dominant elements in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River under the impact of the pandemic. This study would aid in providing a scientific basis for sustainable spatial planning and governance. The results demonstrated that the urban resilience in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River had notable spatial agglomeration features, eight elements including tertiary industry proportion possessed a robust explanatory power to the spatial differentiation of urban resilience, and the explanatory power was markedly enhanced after the interaction between influential elements of economic and ecological subsystems. Thus, to upgrade the system cycle mechanism and augment the endogenous power for urban development, we need to focus more on the flow of innovative elements in central cities, the optimization of ecological and safe spatial patterns in Hunan and Hubei Provinces, and the innovation of sustainable supply chain in the entire region.

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Rizzo, Agatino. « Megaprojects and the limits of ‘green resilience’ in the global South : Two cases from Malaysia and Qatar ». Urban Studies 57, n^o 7 (11 mars 2019) : 1520–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018812009.

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The emergence of the climate change discourse in urban planning emphasises resilience as a key concept to deal with issues such as climate mitigation and adaptation, and urban health. What we have termed in this article ‘green resilience’, the coalescence of technological solutions and resilience thinking to solve cities’ ecological issues, is constantly gaining traction in urban planning research. However, green resilience often fails to take into account the socio-political and spatial processes that pertain to the exploitation of land for urban development particularly in the global South. Based on our latest research on two urban megaprojects, in Johor-Singapore (Malaysia) and Doha (Qatar), in this article we build a critique of green resilience and urbanism by leveraging research in the fields of environmental humanities and urban planning.

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Warrington, Shelby, et Astrid Layton. « Ecosystem guidance for the incorporation of renewable utilities in a multi-use campus network ». PLOS ONE 17, n^o 5 (19 mai 2022) : e0267431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267431.

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Configuring the network connections in industrial, power, and water networks to mimic the structural patterns of ecological food webs has been shown to improve the resilience of human networks. This work investigates the ability of food web inspiration to specifically guide the incorporation of renewable energy and water sources for resilience. Feasibility is tested using the water and electricity networks of the Texas A&M University main campus, demonstrating the potential of university campus case studies as analogies for other multi-use networks, such as cities or industrial-commercial regions, due to the variety of functions met within the system boundaries. Ecological robustness, the unique and characteristic behavior of ecosystems to slightly favor redundancy over efficiency, is used to correlate the incorporation and supply-levels of solar power and rainwater collection in a realistic campus model with the overall resilience of the electricity and domestic water networks. Non-obviously, the results suggest that the ecologically-similar resilience is achieved when less than 100% of utilities come from renewable sources, indicating an important potential tradeoff between efforts to shift to 100% renewable sources and network resilience concerns.

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