Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Resilience, ecological transition, cities »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Resilience, ecological transition, cities"
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Li, Qirui. « Resilience Thinking as a System Approach to Promote China’s Sustainability Transitions ». Sustainability 12, no 12 (18 juin 2020) : 5008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12125008.
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Urban regeneration and rural revitalization are becoming major policy initiatives in China, which requires new approaches for sustainability transitions. This paper reviewed the history of policy reforms and institutional changes and analysed the main challenges to sustainability transitions in China. The urban-rural systems were defined as a complex dynamic social-ecological system based on resilience thinking and transition theory. The notions of adaptation and transformation were applied to compose a framework to coordinate “resilience” with “sustainability”. The findings indicate that China’s urbanization has experienced the conservative development of restructuring socio-economic and political systems (before 1984), the fast industrialization and economic development leaned to cities (1984 to 2002), the rapid urbanization led by land expropriation and investment expansion (2002 to 2012), and the quality development transformation equally in urban and rural areas (since 2012). The sustainability transitions have been challenged by controversial institutional arrangements, concerning population mobility control, unequal social welfare, and incomplete property rights. A series of policy interventions should be designed and implemented accordingly with joint efforts of multiple stakeholders and based on the combined technocratic and bottom-up knowledge derived from proactive and conscious individuals and collectives through context-dependent social networks.
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Boulanger, Saveria Olga Murielle, et Martina Massari. « Advocating Urban Transition : A Qualitative Review of Institutional and Grassroots Initiatives in Shaping Climate-Aware Cities ». Sustainability 14, no 5 (25 février 2022) : 2701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052701.
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Climate change and its challenges have long been incorporated into the policy-making process. Advocacy actions urge to strengthen the socio-ecological resilience through engagement with stakeholders, feedback recollection, and testing of solutions. Several initiatives have been born to boost cities’ actions toward climate change mitigation and adaptation. Institutional coordinated actions such as transnational municipal networks (TMNs) and non-institutional, grassroots movements for climate action, are among them. The study focuses on four TMNs and two grassroots movements, which have an impact on the European and/or worldwide contexts. They are investigated qualitatively, reflecting on the roles and contributions to climate change that they provide both alone and together. The research questions focus on the instruments/elements/factors that they put in place to support the transition, the key messages, and how these are conferred to their key targets. The initiatives have been investigated in both the grey and scientific literature. The main results show that grassroots movements for climate action and TMNs have the potential to better support cities in their climate transition. However, local governments are urged to take advantage of both initiatives’ ability to develop networks of support, innovation and a sense of belonging. In conclusion, the research states that the two initiatives should be effectively connected and integrated with a complementary role concerning planning actions.
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Echave, C., A. Palladus, M. Boy-Roura, M. Cacciutolo, S. Niavis, A. Boulanger, TH Papatheochari, D. Ceh, S. Ponsa et B. Massabo. « Boosting Rural Areas Revitalization in the Mediterranean through Cross-cutting Approach Based on Ecological and Social Resilience ». Resourceedings 2, no 1 (25 février 2019) : 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i1.451.
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Urban areas have been identified as one of the key challenges to tackle in the next decades. Most of the environmental impacts associated to urban contexts are linked to an unsustainable use of resources basically due to urban planning and society’s consumption behaviour. Currently, the paradigm of sustainable cities brought out in the past years situates urban contexts as an opportunity to reduce these impacts. There is a wide range of strategies focused on cities and their transition to a more sustainable urban model: compactness, sustainable mobility, energy efficiency, waste management and greening are some of the most relevant approaches with clear indicators and implementation plans. However, rural areas are still pending for a precise strategy that highlights their ecological added value avoiding to be defined only as “not urban”. Rural areas should be emphasized from their productivity perspective and their key role in terms of resilience and adaptation to Climate Change. In the framework of the Interreg Med Programme, Thematic Communities are working on the capitalisation of projects from different kind of approaches of application in the Mediterranean Area. Four of these communities - Renewable Energy, Green Growth, Sustainable Tourism and Efficient Buildings - have several projects that present rural areas as one common territory of intervention. The aim of this paper is to expose the standards and goals proposed by the Interreg Med Thematic Communities for Rural Areas Revitalization as a resilience strategy in the Mediterranean Region, using a cross-cutting approach. The cross-cutting approach stresses the relation among the environment, society and economy: rural liveability, increasing RES production with sharing microgrid systems & efficient buildings, as well as green economy based on sectors such as agricultural & tourism activities. These standards and results will provide reference values to shape final policies recommendations. Consequently, the present paper is based on the joint cross-thematic effort and work from four thematic communities of the Interreg MED programme, previously mentioned. It includes some references to existing research studies, but the aim is to open the path to identify new challenges of Mediterranean rural areas and find potential solutions from a holistic approach.
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Trovato, Maria Rosa, et Cheren Cappello. « Climate Adaptation Heuristic Planning Support System (HPSS) : Green-Blue Strategies to Support the Ecological Transition of Historic Centres ». Land 11, no 6 (24 mai 2022) : 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11060773.
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The issue of climate has posed major and urgent challenges for the global community. The European Green Deal sets out a new growth strategy aimed at turning the European Union into a just and prosperous society, with a modern, resource-efficient, and competitive economy, which will no longer generate net greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Cities in this context are committed on several fronts to rapid adaptation to improve their resilience capacity. The historic centre is the most vulnerable part of a city, with a reduced capacity for adaptation, but also the densest of values, which increase the complexity of the challenge. This study proposes an integrated tool, Heuristic Planning Support System (HPSS), aimed at exploring green-blue strategies for the historic centre. The tool is integrated with classic Planning Support System (PSS), a decision process conducted from the perspective of heuristic approach and Geographic Information System (GIS). It comprises modules for technical assessment, environmental assessment Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), economic assessment Life Cycle Cost (LCC), Life Cycle Revenues (LCR), and Discounted Cash Flow Analysis (DCFA) extended to the life cycle of specific interventions, the Multi-Attribute Value Theory (MAVT) for the assessment of energy, environmental, identity, landscape, and economic values. The development of a tool to support the ecological transition of historic centres stems from the initiative of researchers at the University of Catania, who developed it based on the preferences expressed by a group of decision makers, that is, a group of local administrators, scholars, and professionals. The proposed tool supports the exploration of green-blue strategies identified by decision makers and the development of the plan for the historic district of Borgata di Santa Lucia in Syracuse.
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Dell’Anna, Federico. « An ELECTRE TRI B-Based Decision Framework to Support the Energy Project Manager in Dealing with Retrofit Processes at District Scale ». Sustainability 15, no 2 (9 janvier 2023) : 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021250.
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Cities represent the places with the highest environmental and energy impact in the world. Transforming them in a sustainable way has the potential to reduce the pressures of these areas. The building stock could be the driving force behind the energy transition of cities. With this in mind, understanding the priorities of undertaking a massive green regeneration operation becomes crucial to optimizing the use of public funds such as those of the National Recovery and Resilience Plans (NRRPs) that EU Member States have at their disposal. For this purpose, a multi-criteria ELECTRE TRI-B (ELimination Et Choix Traduisant La REalité TRI-B) model was used to provide useful information in prioritizing intervention on the existing building stock to achieve the sustainability targets set at European and international levels. The model was tested on a real case study located in Turin (Italy) to improve the management process by classifying intervention on a building stock characterized by different typologies and construction periods. Looking at the results, the retrofit operations with the highest priority relate to the apartment building sector from 1946 to 1970 and the multifamily building sector from 1919 to 1960. Despite the high initial investment requirements, an ecological transformation of this stock would result in significant reductions in health impacts, more green jobs, and lower resources consumption. The model is useful for managing public policies in this area by providing guidance to the project manager on how to proceed in the provision of ad hoc funds and could optimize the process of local community energy generation.
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Crupi, Francesco. « Urban Regeneration and Green and Blue Infrastructure : The Case of the “Acilia–Madonnetta” Urban and Metropolitan Centrality in the Municipality of Rome ». Urban Science 6, no 3 (31 août 2022) : 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci6030056.
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To contribute to the debate on climate-proof urban regeneration, the illustrated study seeks to understand how the provision of new multiscalar, multidimensional, and integrated planning tools based on sustainable and resilient strategies can guarantee high levels of urban, environmental, and energy efficiency and quality, as well as circularity of resources, counteracting the effects deriving from climate change. Starting from some regulatory and design references that integrate a new ecologically oriented city model into the planning of urban projects, the contribution identifies in the construction of green and blue infrastructures (GI) new design metaphors capable of improving biodiversity; favoring ecological and energy transition; restoring the quality of the air, water, and soil environmental matrices with natural solutions; and making cities truly inclusive, sustainable, and resilient. The methodology adopted for the design of the “Acilia–Madonnetta” Urban and Metropolitan Centrality in the Municipality of Rome simulates a planning process for part of the X Municipality by applying an iterative and interscalar logic, an articulation of levels and phases with the aim of prefiguring the construction of a GI characterized by new ecological-environmental and functional endowments strictly related to the promotion of an efficient, smart, and green city. The contribution highlights the potential and limits of the proposed experimentation, relating both to the quality and innovation of design solutions and possible evolutionary lines and to the lack of clear institutional governance that is limiting the implementation of projects.
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Cai, Zipan, Jessica Page et Vladimir Cvetkovic. « Urban Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment of Support Climate-Resilient City Development ». Urban Planning 6, no 3 (19 août 2021) : 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i3.4208.
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Climate change poses a threat to cities. Geospatial information and communication technology (Geo-ICT) assisted planning is increasingly being utilised to foster urban sustainability and adaptability to climate change. To fill the theoretical and practical gaps of urban adaptive planning and Geo-ICT implementation, this article presents an urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment approach using integrated socio-ecological modelling. The application of the Geo-ICT method is demonstrated in a specific case study of climate-resilient city development in Nanjing (China), aiming at helping city decision-makers understand the general geographic data processing and policy revision processes in response to hypothetical future disruptions and pressures on urban social, economic, and environmental systems. Ideally, the conceptual framework of the climate-resilient city transition proposed in this study effectively integrates the geographic data analysis, policy modification, and participatory planning. In the process of model building, we put forward the index system of urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment and use the assessment result as input data for the socio-ecological model. As a result, the model reveals the interaction processes of local land use, economy, and environment, further generating an evolving state of future land use in the studied city. The findings of this study demonstrate that socio-ecological modelling can provide guidance in adjusting the human-land interaction and climate-resilient city development from the perspective of macro policy. The decision support using urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment and quantitative system modelling can be useful for urban development under a variety of environmental change scenarios.
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Cui, Xiaolin, Jia Wu, Zhihui Li, Lu Peng, Zhan Shen et Jia Bi. « An Integrated Assessment and Factor Analysis of Water Related Environmental Risk to Cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt ». Water 13, no 16 (4 août 2021) : 2140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13162140.
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With rapid development of the economy and urbanization, water-related environmental risk in urban areas has increased and hindered social-economic development and ecological protection. The assessment of water-related environmental risk is of vital importance to the sustainable development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB). This study constructed a comprehensive assessment index system for water-related environmental risks from three perspectives: the hazards posed by risk sources, the effectiveness of the control mechanisms, and the vulnerability of the risk receptors. Employing the entropy method, the water-related environmental risks of cities in the YREB from 2000 to 2015 were comprehensively evaluated, and the obstacle degree model was used to analyze the associated influencing factors of the water-related environmental risk. The results showed that the overall level of water-related environmental risk of the YREB presented a significant spatial gradient characterized by “downstream risk > midstream risk > upstream risk”. The areas with higher risks were mainly distributed in the Yangtze River Delta in the downstream area, and Wuhan and Changsha in the midstream area, where their risk receptors were highly vulnerable, and efforts should be made to improve the resilience of these areas. In terms of temporal change, the average value of the comprehensive water-related environmental risk of the YREB dropped from 0.493 in 2005 to 0.392 in 2015, with a reduction rate ranging from about 16.55 to 25.76%. The number of cities with medium-high to high risk had gradually decreased, and the number of cities with medium, medium-low, and low risk continued to increase. The water-related environmental risk of the YREB as a whole is in the transition stage from high risk level to medium and low risk level. Specifically, the hazards posed by risk sources had increased continually, and especially increased significantly in the midstream of the YREB; the effectiveness of risk control mechanisms had increased throughout the region, with downstream cities mainly having a high level of effectiveness; the areas with high vulnerability of the risk receptors were mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta and showed an upward trend. Overall, the main source of water-related environmental risks and differences among the upstream, midstream and downstream cities had shifted from the hazards posed by risk sources to the effectiveness of risk control mechanisms and the vulnerability of the risk receptor. The main factors affecting the water-related environmental risk in the order of average obstacle degree were per capita GDP (34.43%), the number of beds per thousand people (18.70%) and the industrial structure height (15.55%). Therefore, promoting the adjustment of industrial structure, improving economic efficiency, developing the regional social economy, and improving and perfecting the construction of environmental protection infrastructure are effective ways to realize the mitigation and resolution of water-related environmental risks.
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Pickett, Steward T. A., Brian McGrath, M. L. Cadenasso et Alexander J. Felson. « Ecological resilience and resilient cities ». Building Research & ; Information 42, no 2 (9 décembre 2013) : 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2014.850600.
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Dong, Xiaojun, Tao Shi, Wei Zhang et Qian Zhou. « Temporal and Spatial Differences in the Resilience of Smart Cities and Their Influencing Factors : Evidence from Non-Provincial Cities in China ». Sustainability 12, no 4 (12 février 2020) : 1321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041321.
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Based on the sample data of 81 non-provincial smart cities in China in 2017, the comprehensive evaluation index of the resilience of sample cities is calculated by using the entropy method, and the spatial differences of different factors on the resiliency are analyzed by using the geographical weighted regression (GWR) model. The conclusions are as follows: Firstly, the comprehensive evaluation index of the resilience of smart cities presents a spatial distribution characteristic of decreasing from the east to the west. At the same time, the resilience comprehensive index, the public infrastructure resilience capacity index, the economic development resilience index, the social security resilience index, and the ecological environment resilience index of smart cities have obvious agglomeration effects on their geographical spaces. Secondly, the public infrastructure resilience capacity index and the ecological environment resilience index are both low with a discrete distribution, while the economic development resilience index and the social security resilience index are both high with a concentrated distribution. Thirdly, different factors have significantly positive effects on the resilience of smart cities. In particular, the public infrastructure capacity resilience index decreases from the north to the south with the spatial distribution pattern of concentration, the economic development resilience index and the ecological environment resilience index of smart cities decrease from the east to the west with a concentrated spatial distribution pattern, and the social security resilience index of smart cities decreases from the southwest to the northeast with a concentrated spatial distribution pattern. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance awareness of smart cities, strengthen the driving force of science and technology innovation, strengthen public infrastructure and service construction, and continuously improve the rapid resilience of smart cities.
Thèses sur le sujet "Resilience, ecological transition, cities"
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Labaeye, Adrien, et Adrien Labaeye. « The Role of Digital Commons in a Socio-Ecological Transition of Cities ». Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21899.
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Diese Doktorarbeit untersucht die Rolle die Bürgerinitiativen an der Schnittstelle zwischen städtischen und digitalen Räumen spielen können.
Sie folgt drei Untersuchungslinien. Zunächst wird untersucht, wie die Forschung zu aus Graswurzelbewegungen entstandenen Alternativen für nachhaltige und gerechte Städte von einer besonderen Art des digitalen Gemeinguts profitieren kann: des kollaborativen kartografischen Mappings. Zweitens wird die Verflechtung von digitalen Gemeingütern mit physischen städtischen Gemeingütern untersucht, um zu verstehen, wie die gemeinsame Nutzung zu transformativen Effekten in der Stadt führen kann. Drittens wird versucht, das transformative Potenzial der Gemeingüter als ein Narrativ des Wandels für nachhaltige und gerechte Städte im digitalen Zeitalter zu bewerten.
Methodisch stützt die Arbeit sich auf Aktionsforschung, primäre Einzelfallstudien sowie eine vergleichende Fallstudienanalyse.
Ein vorläufiges Ergebnis ist die Identifizierung von basisgeleiteten kollaborativen Mappings – hier betrachtet als Initiativen des gemeinsamen Wirkens (Commoning) – als wertvolle Wissensquellen zu alternativer Stadtökonomik.
Die Hauptergebnisse zwingen uns dazu, das klassisch-naturalistische Verständnis des Gemeinguts in Frage zu stellen, welches dazu neigt, ein Gemeingut als gegeben zu betrachten. Stattdessen wäre es für die Forschung von Vorteil, einen gemeinsamen Prozess zu untersuchen: die Rückgewinnung, Schaffung und Nutzung gemeinsamer städtischer Ressourcen. Über die künstliche Trennung zwischen materiellen und immateriellen Facetten des Gemeingutes hinaus lässt sich (urbanes) Commoning am besten als eine relationale Praxis in Pflege und Aufbau von Partnerschaften für die Reproduktion von Leben in der Stadt definieren. Dies ist umso wichtiger, dass digitale Werkzeuge zwar neue Potenziale eröffnen können, aber im Gegensatz zu anderen Diskursen (Sharing Economy, Smart Cities) für das Commoning der Stadt nicht von zentraler Bedeutung sind.This doctoral research investigates the role that citizen-driven initiatives can play at the intersection of the urban and digital spaces. It follows three lines of investigation. First, it explores how research about grassroots alternatives for sustainable and just cities may benefit from a particular type of digital commons: collaborative cartographic mappings. Second, it investigates the intertwin of digital commons with physical urban commons to understand how commoning may lead to transformative impacts in the city. Third, it seeks to evaluate the transformative potential of the commons as a narrative of change for sustainable and just cities in the digital age. Methodologically, it relies on action research, primary individual case-studies as well as a comparative case-study analysis. A preliminary result is the identification of grassroots-led collaborative mappings – seen as commoning initiatives – as valuable sources of knowledge about alternative urban economies. Main results compel us to question the classical/naturalist understanding of the commons that tends to consider it as a given. Instead, research would benefit to investigate a commoning process: the reclaiming creation, and use of shared urban resources. And, further, transcending artificial divides between the tangible and intangible facets of the commons, (urban) commoning is best defined as a relational practice of caring for and building partnerships for the reproduction of life in the city. This is all the more important that another significant result of the present work is that, while they may open new potential, digital tools are not central to commoning the city, in contrast other discourses (Sharing Economy, Smart Cities). Epistemologically, the author recommends aligning the effort of researching urban commoning to the Diverse/Community Economies research agenda which calls for performative studies of more-than-human urban commoning-communities.
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Meng, Bin. « Building Sustainable Cities : A Case Study in Beijing ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-296207.
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More than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas and this figure is expected to increase. The worldwide trend is in the direction of urbanization. Building sustainable cities is one of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) initiated by United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network. In the anthropocene of human induced climate change, what makes a city sustainable? This paper takes Beijing as the case study, uses building smart infrastructures and lowering ecological footprints as the main thread, uses a mixed research method of questionnaires, interviews and site survey, and discusses four aspects -- transportation, waste management, green spaces and energy saving buildings -- from employees’ perspectives of how to a build a sustainable city. This paper also discusses the relations between smart infrastructure and the resilience of a city, and relations between lowering ecological footprints and a green city, and draws a conclusion that a resilient and green city is a sustainable city. We can build a sustainable Beijing only through vigorously developed public transportation, well managed waste, the development of diversified green spaces, and buildings that efficiently use natural resources as energy supplies.
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Johanson, Jamin K. « An Evaluation of State-and-Transition Model Development fo Ecological Sites in Northern Utah ». DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/920.
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Ecological sites and state-transition models (STMs) have become the preferred means of summarizing plant community dynamics on distinctive types of rangeland. Ecological sites classify rangeland types based on soil-geomorphic and climatic conditions capable of producing a known plant community, while a STM depicts the vegetation dynamics of an ecological site. STMs are usually based on expert opinion rather than site-specific data; however, if they are to gain credibility, STMs must accurately describe the processes that drive plant community dynamics. This study examined three ways of developing process-based STMs using three levels of commonly collected field data. We began by taking field inventories of three ecological sites already mapped in northwestern Utah: Loamy Bottom, Mountain Gravelly Loam, and Upland Loam. The Loamy Bottom site was ideal for developing a data-rich, process-based STM because 1) the site concepts were well-defined, 2) the site was easy to recognize, 3) potential states and transitions had already been hypothesized, and 4) the site was easily accessible. The Loamy Bottom study was designed to link plant community structural indicators to measurable indicators of ecological process. Principal components analysis and cluster analysis were used to classify 14 study plots into four distinct states. Simple linear regression showed relationships between perennial grass cover, perennial canopy gaps, and soil organic carbon. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) linked four general vegetation classes to soil stability measurements. The resulting STM describes the structure and function of four alternative states. The other two STMs, developed for the Mountain Gravelly Loam and Upland Loam ecological sites, used less-intensive data collection methods. Rangeland health assessments, used for the Upland Loam STM, are useful for refining initial ecological site and STM concepts, documenting states, hypothesizing transitions, and locating study locations for future research. Quantitative production and cover estimates, used for the Mountain Gravelly Loam STM, are useful for describing the structure of states, but structural indicators must be coupled with process measurements, as with the Loamy Bottom STM to understand the drivers of state change. A coordinated data collection effort is needed to produce STMs that accurately depict the plant community dynamics of ecological sites.
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Labaeye, Adrien [Verfasser], et Adrien [Verfasser] Labaeye. « The Role of Digital Commons in a Socio-Ecological Transition of Cities / Adrien Labaeye, Adrien Labaeye ». Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222028735/34.
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Lorenzo, Viviana <1977>. « URBAN CO-ACTION. The role of glocal climate action movements in a new adaptive co-design framework for urban resilience and ecological transition ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9672/1/lorenzo_viviana_tesi.pdf.
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The present research Thesis is part of a growing interdisciplinary field of studies concerned with finding strategies to foster ecosystem stewardship of social-ecological systems as complex adaptive systems, such as cities and, in particular, of those that involve the notion of participation and collaborative design, to effectively build resilience in the context of climate change and ecological crisis. Framed within other glocal climate action movements, as part of an increasing number of “urban climate change experiments”, often emerging outside formal contexts of decision-making and led by actors other than municipal government, the object of the present research is the globally growing socio-technological phenomenon of Civic/Green Hackathons, and of Climathon® in particular, an international 24-hour collaborative design event aimed developing solutions to tackle climate change in urban settings. Through the double lenses of social-ecological resilience and of participatory processes, with the objective of helping Urban Institutions in better coordinating, integrating and consolidating bottom-up contributions towards the achievement of pressing global targets of social-ecological resilience and sustainability, the findings of the present research have been used to develop a clear set of Recommendations for improving the ability to expand social-ecological resilience under conditions of uncertainty, and to understand the role and importance of Climathon® and of the other glocal climate action movements, in a new adaptive co-design framework for urban resilience and ecological transition. The proposed new framework is an heuristic model and pragmatic tool, implementable and replicable in other regulatory contexts and decision-making processes, addressed to Urban Institutions that have undertaken a path of resilience planning and ecological transition, to assist them in planning and managing participatory resilience planning processes more adaptively, and to facilitate their recognizing windows of opportunity to address change towards sustainable development and, in prospective, to foster active (Human) ecosystem stewardship through collective action, starting from cities.
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De, Goede Christine. « Family routines during the adjustment and adaptation process of the transition to parenthood ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19917.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The family life cycle perspective (McGoldrick & Carter, 2003) recognises that one normative life stressor for families is the transition to parenthood. Still, the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) holds that one protective resource that could help the family in the face of a stressor is family routines. Even though the Ecological-cultural Niche Model (Gallimore, Goldenberg & Weisner, 1993) gives us some understanding of the family routine as a psychological construct, many gaps exist in the literature. The aim of this qualitative grounded theory study was to better understand family routines as a resilience resource during the transition to parenthood. This aim was broken down into five research questions: (1) What do daily routines look like in the lives of firsttime parents? (2) Why are these family routines important to first-time parents? (3) What challenges do first-time parents face in sustaining their daily routines? (4) What assists firsttime parents in maintaining their daily routines? (5) What accommodations do first-time parents make to adapt to the arrival of their first child? In terms of methodology, ten Coloured couples whose first child was between one and four years of age and who resided in one northern suburb of Cape Town took part in semi-structured interviews. In terms of research question one, the data analysis revealed that family routines look like a sequence of unfolding activities and that this sequence is situated within a temporal structure; that the specific sequence and temporal structure are designed by the family to be functional; but that there also is temporal incongruence in the sequence of routines. Related to question two, the participants felt that their routines were important because a family routine is an opportunity to spend time together, and it is an opportunity for improving child development. For question three, the data analysis revealed that the challenges first-time parents face in sustaining their routines are extra-familial and intra-familial barriers that increase the task and temporal complexity of routines. The analysis of question four revealed that what assists parents in maintaining routines are extra-familial and intra-familial resources that decrease the task and temporal complexity of routines. Lastly, themes related to research question five showed that the accommodations that parents make in routines that help them adapt are temporal accommodations and idiosyncratic accommodations. In future, researchers and theorists should not only investigate an individual family routine in isolation (e.g. just dinnertime or just bedtime), but also look at the structure of the entire daily schedule, the scheduling process, and how the functionality of this daily schedule affects the experience of individual routines. Greater emphasis should also be placed on diverse samples from many ecological and cultural contexts in order to identify more extra-familial and intra-familial barriers and resources that affect the maintenance of a satisfying daily schedule.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gesinslewensiklusraamwerk (McGoldrick & Carter, 2003) beklemtoon dat een normatiewe lewenstressor vir gesinne die oorgang na ouerskap is. Tog dui die Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) aan dat gesinsroetines een bron van beskerming is wat die gesin tydens ’n groot lewensstressor kan help. Al bied die Ekologies-kulturele Nismodel (Gallimore, Goldenberg & Weisner, 1993) ons ’n sekere mate van begrip van gesinsroetine as ‘n sielkundige konstruk, is daar steeds leemtes in die literatuur. Die doel van hierdie kwalitatiewe gegronde-teorie navorsing was om beter begrip te ontwikkel van gesinsroetines as ’n veerkragtigheidsfaktor tydens die oorgang na ouerskap. Hierdie doel is in vyf navorsingsvrae verdeel: (1) Hoe lyk daaglikse gesinsroetines in die lewens van nuwe ouers? (2) Hoekom is hierdie gesinsroetines belangrik vir nuwe ouers? (3) Watter uitdagings staar nuwe ouers in die gesig wanneer hulle daaglikse roetines probeer volhou? (4) Wat help nuwe ouers om met hul daaglikse roetines vol te hou? en (5) Watter akkommodasies maak nuwe ouers om aan te pas by die koms van hul eerste kind? Wat metodologie betref het tien bruin ouerpare wat se eerste kind tussen die ouderdom van een en vier jaar was en wat in ’n noordelike voorstad van Kaapstad woon aan semigestruktureerde onderhoude deelgeneem. Wat die eerste navorsingsvraag betref, het die dataontleding onthul dat gesinsroetines ’n reeks opeenvolgende aktiwiteite is wat een na die ander ontvou. Hierdie reeks van roetines is geleë binne ’n tydsraamwerk; dit word deur die gesin ontwerp om funksioneel te wees; maar daar bestaan ook tyd-inkongruensies in die reeks roetines. In verband met vraag twee het die deelnemers gevoel roetines is belangrik omdat dit hulle die geleentheid bied om tyd saam deur te bring en dit verskaf ook ’n geleentheid om die ontwikkeling van die kind te bevorder. Op grond van die derde navorsingsvraag het die dataontleding getoon dat die uitdagings wat nuwe ouers in die gesig staar wanneer hulle probeer om hulle gesinsroetines te volhou, buite-gesins en binne-gesins hindernisse is wat take bemoeilik en tyd-kompleksiteit verhoog. Ontledings na aanleiding van vraag vier het getoon dat dit buite-gesins en binne-gesins bronne is wat help om take makliker te maak en tydskompleksiteid te verminder sodat nuwe ouers met roetines kan volhou. Laastens, temas wat na vore gekom het na aanleiding van die vyfde navorsingsvraag toon dat dit tyd- en idiosinkratiese akkommodasies is wat ouers help om aan te pas. In die toekoms moet navorsers en teoretici nie net ‘n individuele gesinsroetine in isolasie bestudeer nie (bv. net ’n aandete-roetine of net ’n slapenstyd-roetine), maar ook kyk na die struktuur van die hele daaglikse skedule, skeduleringsprosesse, en hoe die funksionaliteit van hierdie daaglikse skedule die ervaring van individuele roetines beïnvloed. Meer klem moet ook geplaas word op steekproewe vanuit ekologies en kultureel diverse kontekste ten einde meer buite-gesins en binne-gesins hindernisse en bronne wat die instandhouding van bevredigende skedules beïnvloed, te identifiseer. Kernwoorde: gesinsroetines, oorgang na ouerskap, gesinsveerkragtigheid, gesinslewenssiklus, Ekologies-kulturele nis.
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Rideout, Melanie. « Smallholder New Entrants : Italy’s Organic Sector and the Changing face of Agriculture ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-309638.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The paper studies 7 new entrant smallholders on the Italian agricultural sector to begin to understand how such a grassroots movement may challenge the status-quo vis-à-vis the Italian Food-system. Additionally, the study conducts a public questionnaire survey in an attempt to gauge attitudes toward a changing food-system in Italy. Using Critical Theory to highlight the trend of critical-consumer to critical-producer, and transition movement theory to assess the real regime-change ability of such movements, this paper finds that new entrant smallholders in Italy are playing a potentially significant role in moving the sector into more sustainable territory. Current certified organic agriculture is increasingly dominated by larger farms, and excludes new entrant smallholders, this is to the detriment of sustainable agriculture goals, by identifying the barriers to such stakeholders, in addition to recognising their strengthens - namely the commitment to triple bottom line sustainability - new entrant smallholders have a significant role to play in making organic agriculture truly a mechanism by which true sustainable agriculture can be achieved.
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De, Balanzó Rafael. « De la sostenibilidad hacia la resiliencia en las prácticas urbanísticas : La ciudad de Barcelona y el barrio de Vallcarca ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/404847.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Con el objetivo de identificar factores y características que faciliten y promuevan la resiliencia social-ecológica en las ciudades, esta tesis doctoral sitúa, analiza, estructura, e interpreta las prácticas urbanísticas de las ciudades frente a los cambios, crisis, y colapsos internos y externos, utilizando como metodología de análisis la heurística de las dinámicas evolutivas de los Sistemas Social-Ecológicos (SSE). Esta metodología, basada en el ciclo adaptativo y en la panarquía de Holling y Gunderson (2002), permite aplicar una visión no lineal, con cambio imprevisibles, y multi-escalar ante la vulnerabilidad de los SSE frente a la visión lineal, institucionalizada y prospectiva de la disciplina del planeamiento urbanístico, condenado a resolver los problemas del pasado (Davoudi, 2012). El análisis se centra en la ciudad de Barcelona desde la aprobación del Plan Comarcal de 1953 hasta 2016, con un enfoque específico en el barrio de Vallcarca del Distrito de Gracia. Tras la introducción en el capítulo I, se presenta la base teórica del ciclo adaptativo y de los SSE adaptativos en el capítulo II, y en el capítulo III se describen y se comparan las distintas etapas y ciclos de las prácticas urbanísticas de Barcelona desde la óptica de la ciencia del urbanismo. En el capítulo IV, utilizando el ejemplo de Barcelona, se defiende que las dinámicas evolutivas de las ciudades son asimilables a las de la naturaleza al cumplir, las primeras, las características de los sistemas adaptativos: la no-linealidad, la imprevisibilidad, y la existencia de cambios y crisis que precisan de adaptación para ser sostenibles. Se muestra cómo el ciclo adaptativo permite analizar las dinámicas evolutivas de los SSE. Dicha herramienta también puede ser utilizada para analizar la evolución de las ciudades, al ser estas asimilables a las evoluciones de la naturaleza. Se procede a aplicar dicho método de análisis utilizando, en paralelo diversas metodologías de recogida de datos, incluyendo la observación participante y entrevistas semi-estructuradas, entre otras. En concreto, en el capítulo IV, se analiza, utilizando el instrumento del ciclo adaptativo, las prácticas urbanísticas a escala de la ciudad y se comparan con los ciclos de la ciencia del urbanismo. En el capítulo V se presenta el caso específico del barrio de Vallcarca y sus perspectivas, y en el capítulo VI se introduce el concepto de Panarquía relacionando las dinámicas de Barcelona con el barrio. En el capítulo VII se concluye con los resultados principales del estudio. En resumen, se verá en esta tesis doctoral, cómo frente al análisis lineal y prospectivo de la ciencia del urbanismo, el instrumento de los ciclos adaptativos y de la panarquía de los SSE de la ciencia de la ecología, aplicado a la gestión del sistema urbano, permite:
- Subrayar que existe una lógica del ciclo (adaptativo) y de la propia recurrencia de los ciclos (con su estructura de fases) en el sistema urbano y sus prácticas urbanísticas, y
- Diferenciar entre dos modelos complementarios y no maximizables simultáneamente: el prospectivo de crecimiento y estabilización (front-loop) y el retrospectivo de innovación y aprendizaje (back-loop), situando así, con mejor precisión, los fenómenos de innovación urbana y social, y estableciendo, con mayor detalle, los umbrales del cambio en el sistema urbano. A su vez, se aplica la teoría de los sistemas complejos adaptativos evaluando el fenómeno de la panarquía de los sistemas urbanos del punto vista espacial, social y medioambiental, lo que permite poner en valor los procesos de memoria (estabilización) y, sobretodo, de revuelta (innovación) que surgen desde abajo.
Estas prácticas urbanísticas retrospectivas y recurrentes contienen atributos de resiliencia, como son la diversidad, la auto-organización, la adaptabilidad, y el aprendizaje; frente a los atributos de eficiencia, corporativismo e institucionalización de las prácticas prospectivas.Cities (social-ecological systems) evolve as an adaptive self-organized complex system. As a consequence, sustainable development of urban systems are based on their degree of adaptability and transformability to systemic change. This capacity to adapt is called resilience. The adaptive cycle and the panarchy heuristic (Gunderson and Holling, 2002) is a representation of resilience dynamics by inner-scales and cross-scales networks, nested in a set of adaptive cycles experienced by permanent changes caused by hierarchical relationships at both time and space scale and through the “revolt” and “memory” connections in order to establish a sustainable development. The main goal of this doctoral thesis is to apply the Adaptive cycle and the Panarchy heuristic as an Urban Planning management tool and methodology to analyze, structure and interpret urban dynamics from 1953 to 2016. Two case studies are presented: The city of Barcelona and the neighborhood of VallcarcA
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Emilsson, Håkan. « Ekosystemtjänstbedömningar : Utvärdering av metodik för att synliggöra värdet av naturen inom stadsplanering ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-245058.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this study was to analyze and develop a workflow for assessing and representing the value of ecosystems to professionals involved in municipal planning. A thorough literature review was conducted and supplemented by interviews and observations. Frameworks for ecosystem service assessments were analyzed and combined with methods in urban planning in order to assess social and ecological conditions. A workflow was set up and methods were evaluated by applying them to a case study in the area Åstråket in Uppsala. Experience from the case study was compiled in order to improve the workflow. Complex assessments were identified and simplified for the method to be useful for practitioners. A list of relevant urban ecosystem services was compiled. Eleven activities were chosen and divided into three blocks: planning, situation analysis and redesign. In the planning phase strong civil dialogue would be used to identify user needs and based on them formulate goals for the planned change. In the situation analysis the extent to which ecosystem services were utilized, and how much potential there were to increase the use of them without exceeding the area's biophysical conditions, were assessed. The different ecosystem services in the area were evaluated according to how well they helped to achieve designated goals for the area. In the design stage social-ecological urbanism were used to create a design that will increase the value of ecosystem services for the users of the site. Arrow diagram were used to show how the proposed design supports species in the ecosystem that generates an increased value of the prioritized ecosystem services and contribute to achieving the objectives of the area. The study showed that the value of ecosystem could be made visible by showing how different actors contribute to goal achievement. The methods for quantifying ecosystem services are still trivial and ignore some fundamental social-ecological relations. The methods for social assessments could not be fully tested in the case study because there was ongoing consultation on a plan proposal that prevented any interviews with the users to be done. Assumptions that were important to simplify ecosystem service assessment was that 1) a broad definition of value was used, not just monetary, and that 2) the focus was on increasing the value of ecosystem services rather than replacing some services with others. To improve the method more knowledge on social-ecological interactions is required, a broader discussion about values need to be raised and a more standardized set of indicators needs to be agreed upon. Ecosystem services can also be used as a pedagogical tool for learning about systems thinking, complexity and a diversity of values.Syftet med studien var att utveckla och testa en arbetsgång för att synliggöra värdet av naturen för yrkesutövare inom kommunal planering. En grundlig litteraturstudie genomfördes och kompletterades med intervjuer och observationer. Ramverk för ekosystemtjänstbedömningar analyserades och kombinerades med metoder inom samhällsplanering för att bedöma sociala och ekologiska förhållanden. En arbetsgång utarbetades och metoder bedömdes genom att tillämpa dem i en fallstudie på området Åstråket i Uppsala. Erfarenheter från fallstudien sammanställdes för att utveckla arbetsgången. Komplexa bedömningar identifierades och förenklades för att arbetsgången skulle bli praktiskt användbar. En lista med relevanta urbana ekosystemtjänster sammanställdes. Elva aktiviteter valdes och delades in i blocken planering, nulägesanalys och redesign. I planeringsskedet användes aktiv medborgardialog för att kartlägga användarnas behov och utifrån dem formulera mål för förändringsprocessen. I nulägesanalysen bedömdes i hur stor omfattning ekosystemtjänsterna nyttjades och hur stor potentialen var för att öka nyttjandet av dem utan att överstiga områdets biofysiska förutsättningar. De olika ekosystemtjänsterna i området värderades efter hur väl de bidrog till att uppnå utpekade mål för området. I designsteget användes social-ekologisk urbanism för att skapa en design som kommer öka värdet av ekosystemtjänsterna för användarna av området. Pildiagram användes för att visa hur den föreslagna designen stödjer arter i ekosystemet som genererar ett ökat värde av prioriterade ekosystemtjänster och bidrar till uppfyllelse av målen i området. Studien visade att värdet av ekosystem kan synliggöras genom att visa hur olika aktörer bidrar till måluppfyllelse. Metoder för kvantifiering av ekosystemtjänster bedömdes inte representera fundamentala social-ekologiska relationer. Identifierade metoder för sociala bedömningar kunde inte testas fullt ut i fallstudien på grund av att samråd precis hade genomförts för aktuellt planförslag. Antaganden som var viktiga för att förenkla ekosystemtjänstbedömningen var att 1) en bred definition av värde användes, inte bara monetär, och att 2) fokus var på att öka värdet av ekosystemtjänsterna snarare än ersätta vissa tjänster med andra. För att förbättra metoden behövs mer kunskap om social-ekologiska relationer, en bred debatt om värderingar och en överenskommelse om en standardiserad uppsättning av indikatorer. Ekosystemtjänster kan även användas som ett pedagogiskt hjälpmedel för att lära ut system-tänkande, komplexitet och en mångfald av värden.
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« Knowledge System Innovation for Resilient Coastal Cities ». Doctoral diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.63025.
Texte intégralRésumé :
abstract: Cities are in need of radical knowledge system innovations and designs in the age of the Anthropocene. Cities are complex sites of interactions across social, ecological, and technological dimensions. Cities are also experiencing rapidly changing and intractable environmental conditions. Given uncertain and incomplete knowledge of both future environmental conditions and the outcomes of urban resilience efforts, today’s knowledge systems are unequipped to generate the knowledge and wisdom needed to act. As such, cities must modernize the knowledge infrastructure underpinning today’s complex urban systems. The principal objective of this dissertation is to make the case for, and guide, the vital knowledge system innovations that coastal cities need in order to build more resilient urban futures. Chapter 2 demonstrates the use of knowledge systems analysis as a tool to stress-test and upgrade the Federal Emergency Management Agency flood mapping knowledge system that drives flood resilience planning and decision-making in New York City. In Chapter 3, a conceptual framework is constructed for the design and analysis of knowledge co-production by integrating concepts across the co-production and urban social-ecological-technological systems literatures. In Chapter 4, the conceptual framework is used to analyze two case studies of knowledge co-production in the Miami Metropolitan Area to better inform decisions for how and when to employ co-production as a tool to achieve sustainability and resilience outcomes. In Chapter 5, six propositions are presented – derived from a synthesis of the literature and the three empirical cases – that knowledge professionals can employ to create, facilitate, and scale up knowledge system innovations: flatten knowledge hierarchies; create plural and positive visions of the future; construct knowledge co-production to achieve desired outcomes; acknowledge and anticipate the influence of power and authority; build anticipatory capacities to act under deep uncertainty; and identify and invest in knowledge innovations. While these six propositions apply to the context of coastal cities and flood resilience, most can also be useful to facilitate knowledge innovations to adapt to other complex and intractable environmental problems. Cities must move swiftly to create and catalyze knowledge system innovations given the scale of climate impacts and rapidly changing environmental conditions.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Sustainability 2020
Livres sur le sujet "Resilience, ecological transition, cities"
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Fischer, Frank. Urban Sustainability, Eco-Cities, and Transition Towns : Resilience Planning as Apolitical Politics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199594917.003.0010.
Texte intégralRésumé :
After having explored various locally oriented projects in participatory governance that present practical alternatives to the theory of deliberative democracy, this chapter examines the democratic participatory potentials and realities of other local initiatives. It looks at the participatory activities of cities, including large cities, with a particular focus on the role for citizens in programs designed for adaptive responses to the consequences of climate change. Sponsored by city officials, these participatory initiatives are seen to be largely top-down in nature and not generally democratic per se. We then turn to the Transition Town movement, often cited by environmentalists as a progressive ecological alternative founded on citizen engagement. The participatory activities of this movement, while ecologically credible, are shown not to be geared to the furtherance of democratic practices. One main reason has to do with its emphasis on the theory of resilience, which ignores the political questions raised by ecological transition.
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Fikfak, Alenka, Saja Kosanović, Miha Konjar et Enrico Anguillari, dir. SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENCE : socio-spatial perspective. TU Delft Bouwkunde, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/bookrxiv.23.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Sustainability and resilience have become indispensable parts of the contemporary debate over the built environment. Although recognised as imperatives, the complexity and the variety of interpretations of sustainability and resilience have raised the necessity to again rethink their notion in the context of the built environment and to reframe the state-of-the-art body of knowledge. The book Sustainability and Resilience: Socio-Spatial Perspective so begins with the exploration of the broadest conceptual frame-of-reference of issues related to sustainability, and the re-establishment of the connection between the built environment and the conditions that are vital to its functioning, primarily in relation to energy, land use, climate, and economy. Subsequent discussion on resilience as a term, approach, and philosophy aims to conceptualise an interpretation of key resilience concepts, explain relationships and links among them, and propose the classification of resilience as applicable to the context of urban studies. By studying the processes of transition of the built environment, the book then reveals a coherent formula of ‘thinking sustainability + resilience’ aimed at improving the ability to respond to disruptions and hazards while enhancing human and environmental welfare. The necessity to integrate the two approaches is further accented as a result of a deliberative discourse on the notions of ‘social sustainability’, ‘sustainable community’, and ‘socio-cultural resilience’. The potential of measuring sustainable development and urban sustainability on the basis of defined social, human, and, additionally, natural and economic values is presented though an overview of different wellknown indicators and the identification of a currently relevant tangible framework of sustainable development. Correspondingly, the role of policies and governance is demonstrated on the case of climate-proof cities. In this way, the consideration of approaches to sustainability and resilience of the urban environment is rounded, and the focus of the book is shifted towards an urban/rural dichotomy and the sustainability prospects of identified forms-in-between, and, subsequently, towards the exploration of values, challenges, and the socio-cultural role in achieving sustainability for rural areas. In the final chapters, the book offers several peculiarised socio-spatial perspectives, from defining the path towards more resilient communities and sustainable spaces based on a shared wellbeing, to proposing the approach to define community resilience as an intentional action that aims to respond to, and influence, the course of social and economic change, to deliberating the notion of a ’healthy place’ and questioning its optimal scale in the built environment. The study of sustainability and resilience in this book is concluded by drawing a parallel between environmental, economic, and social determinants of the built environment and the determinants that are relevant to human health and well-being.
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Lee, Jocelyn R. Smith. Healing From Inner-City Violence. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190260637.003.0045.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter examines how young people, disproportionately black and Hispanic, in America’s economically disadvantaged, urban contexts are using the third decade of life to heal and succeed. Guided by life course, ecological, and trauma-informed frameworks, we present a multidisciplinary review of the literature describing post-traumatic growth, resilience, and healing with a focus on trauma-informed research and practice positioning youth impacted by inner-city violence to recover and flourish during emerging adulthood. In order to best appreciate the strivings of young people to heal in contexts of chronic risk, we situate this discussion in the nature, root causes, and consequences of violence (both structural and interpersonal) in urban America. We conclude with suggestions for future research to advance our understandings of how emerging adults in the inner city are working to heal from violent exposure and the implications of this task for the transition to adulthood.
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Anguillari, Enrico, et Branka Dimitrijević. INTEGRATED URBAN PLANNING : directions, resources and territories. TU Delft Bouwkunde, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/bookrxiv.24.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of the book on integrated urban planning (IUP) is to present ongoing research from the universities involved in the project Creating the Network of Knowledge Labs for Sustainable and Resilient Environments (KLABS). Although sustainability and resilience have been largely explored in many complex social-ecological systems, they have only recently been applied in the context of cities. Both concepts are useful when seeking an integrated approach to urban planning as they help to look at the city as an interconnected, multi-dimensional system. Analysing the sustainability and the resilience of urban systems involves looking at environmental, social and economic aspects, as well as at those related to technology, culture and institutional structures. Sustainability, resilience as well as integrated urban development are all focused on process. Their objectives are typically defined around the ongoing operation of the process and they can change during the time. Therefore, building a sustainable and resilient city is a collective endeavor that is about mindsets just as much as about physical structures and their operation, where capacity to anticipate and plan for the future, to learn and to adapt are paramount. The papers published in this book show that the recent and current research in those institutions focuses on the directions of development of IUP, the processes that support sustainable and resilient use of natural resources and their application in the Western Balkan and some other European countries. Each essay aims to provide an overview of key aspects of the research topic. The division of the book into three parts - directions, resources and territories - underlines how the challenges that the contemporary city poses can be dealt with more effectively by integrating different paradigms, concepts and trends of urban development and governance; taking into account the numerous problems linked to the availability and exploitation of the main natural and non-natural resources; and looking at the city and the territory as systems in constant transformation, not reducible within rigid dichotomies such as urban/rural, dense/sprawled, formal/informal, etc.
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Newton, Peter W., dir. Transitions. CSIRO Publishing, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643097995.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Formidable challenges confront Australia and its human settlements: the mega-metro regions, major and provincial cities, coastal, rural and remote towns. The key drivers of change and major urban vulnerabilities have been identified and principal among them are resource-constraints, such as oil, water, food, skilled labour and materials, and carbon-constraints, linked to climate change and a need to transition to renewable energy, both of which will strongly shape urban development this century.
Transitions identifies 21st century challenges to the resilience of Australia’s cities and regions that flow from a range of global and local influences, and offers a portfolio of solutions to these critical problems and vulnerabilities. The solutions will require fundamental transitions in many instances: to our urban infrastructures, to our institutions and how they plan for the future, and perhaps most of all to ourselves in terms of our lifestyles and consumption patterns.
With contributions from 92 researchers - all leaders in their respective fields - this book offers the expertise to chart pathways for a sustainability transition.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Resilience, ecological transition, cities"
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Huntjens, Patrick. « Governance of Urban Sustainability Transitions ». Dans Towards a Natural Social Contract, 159–69. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_7.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractMy research group is involved in collaborations with the dynamic ‘Amsterdam Metropolitan Region (MRA)’ and ‘Rotterdam-The Hague Metropolitan Region (MRDH)’, with the objective to investigate the complex governance challenges and opportunities related to urban sustainability transitions, mainly through transdisciplinary collaboration. The resulting knowledge and skills are used to support and engage with Transformative Social-Ecological Innovation (TSEI) in-the-making, which in turn will generate new knowledge and skills (i.e. in iterative learning cycles). This chapter starts with a brief overview of urban sustainability challenges (Sect. 7.1). Research activities are centred around the transition to climate-resilient and healthy cities (Sect. 7.2), feeding and greening megacities (Sect. 7.3), as well as the transition from linear to circular and regenerative economies and cultures in (mega) cities (Sect. 7.4). In parallel, a new transdisciplinary Minor is developed, called ‘Collaboration for the City of the Future’ (Sect. 7.4).
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Huntjens, Patrick. « Conceptual Background of Transformative Social-Ecological Innovation ». Dans Towards a Natural Social Contract, 83–120. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_4.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractIn this chapter I survey key theories and concepts that provide substance to the workings of Transformative Social-Ecological Innovation (TSEI). A number of relevant theories and concept have already been mentioned in the previous chapters, such as Social Contract theory (Sect. 10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_3#Sec1), and in Sects. 10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_3#Sec8 and 10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_3#Sec13, including resilience theory and social-ecological systems (Sect. 10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_3#Sec8), quintuple helix innovation model (Sect. 10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_3#Sec13), as well as institutional change and the structure-agency debate (Sect. 10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_3#Sec13), and several economic theories (Sects. 10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_3#Sec2 and 10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_3#Sec3). In this chapter I will start with providing a conceptual discussion and definition on Transformative Social-Ecological Innovation (Sect. 4.1), and devote more attention to various theories and approaches that are relevant for TSEI, such as transition studies (Sect. 4.2), institutional design principles for governing the commons (Sect. 4.3), design principles from nature (Sect. 4.4), complex adaptive systems (Sect. 4.5), adaptive, reflexive, and deliberative approaches to governance, management, and planning (Sect. 4.6), social learning, policy learning, and transformational learning (Sect. 4.7), shared value, multiple value creation, and mutual gains approach (Sect. 4.8), effective cooperation (Sect. 4.9), transdisciplinary cooperation, living labs, and citizen science (Sect. 4.10), and the art of co-creation: approaches, principles and pitfalls (Sect. 4.11).
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Fudge, Colin. « Changing Cities — Transforming Socio-Ecological Relations in Bristol and Brussels ». Dans Cities in Transition, 215–42. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333982273_15.
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Peeters, Jef. « Empowerment, Resilience and Social Capital : Building Blocks for a Sustainability Transition ». Dans Ecological Social Work, 197–217. London : Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-40136-6_12.
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Tschakert, Petra, et L. Jen Shaffer. « Ingredients for Social-Ecological Resilience, Poverty Traps, and Adaptive Social Protection in Semi-Arid Africa ». Dans Social-Ecological Systems in Transition, 139–56. Tokyo : Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54910-9_8.
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Baker, Michelle A., et Courtney G. Flint. « Social-Ecological-Technical Misalignments Threaten Mountain Water Tower Resilience in Utah, USA ». Dans Mountain Landscapes in Transition, 627–37. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70238-0_30.
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Tusher, Tanmoy Roy, Tonmoy Pondit, Moinul Hasan, Mahmuda Binte Latif et Md Binyamin. « Impacts of Resource Consumption and Waste Generation on Environment and Subsequent Effects on Human Health : A Study Based on Ecological Footprint Analysis ». Dans Urban Health Risk and Resilience in Asian Cities, 179–203. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1205-6_11.
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Deppisch, Sonja. « Cities and Urban Regions Under Change—Between Vulnerability, Resilience, Transition and Transformation ». Dans Urban Regions Now & ; Tomorrow, 1–15. Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-16759-2_1.
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Errante, Lidia. « Design Opportunities Towards the Ecological Transition of Villages, Cities, Buildings and Dwellings ». Dans Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 120–35. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06825-6_12.
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Lawson, Gillian, Nada Toueir et Shachi Bahl. « Socio-Ecological Resilience by Design for Flood-Prone Waterfront Cities : A Comparative Study of New Orleans, USA ; Brisbane, Australia and Christchurch, New Zealand ». Dans Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience, 141–75. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99063-3_7.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Resilience, ecological transition, cities"
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Camardelli, Marialucia, Mariavaleria Mininni et Adolfo Vigil De Insausti. « Practices and forms of open space at territorial scale : A comparison between two cities crossed by minerals rivers. » Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6232.
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A scientific reading of the transformations of Matera starting from the urban re-activation in a social and spatial perspective in its neighbourhoods. The redevelopment of urban voids starts by the metaphor of the ecological network in an urban scale to update the connection system of open spaces in the light of new practices and flows for an innovative idea of urban resilience. The key role is re-see the neighbourhood: (i) on a local scale, focusing on the practices and customs, in the centre like in the industrial areas, starting processes of recovery and reuse but also of innovation (that result from the opportunity to be the European Capital of Culture 2019); (ii) on a urban scale with the transition space and threshold, identifying those natural and mineral signs representing a transition of porosity. The value of the "suburbs" enters as re-starting for rebirth of the city projects counting on the creativity of practices into the open spaces. The reformist project of Matera as original "laboratory" of architectural and urban experiments changes. Neighbourhoods were born from the same idea of “vicinato” (neighbour) but adapted to a new social identity, able to work on embryos of community, in the same way in Valencia in which natural elements (Turia) lead to rediscover the sense of belonging and making community. In both cases, urban policies are oriented towards innovative and spontaneous processes able to change the urban approach to a multi-purpose city although representative of culture and identity.
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Galderisi, Adriana, et Angela Colucci. « SMART, RESILIENT AND TRANSITION CITIES : REFRAMING EMERGING APPROACHES AND TOOLS FOR A CLIMATE-SENSITIVE URBAN DEVELOPMENT ». Dans IFoU 2018 : Reframing Urban Resilience Implementation : Aligning Sustainability and Resilience. Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ifou2018-06035.
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Fan, Xixuan, Delong Sun et Subin Xu. « Resilience on Economic Transition of Post-industrial Cities : Evaluation on Industrial Heritage Tourism Potential in Tianjin Based on Spatial Analysis ». Dans IFoU 2018 : Reframing Urban Resilience Implementation : Aligning Sustainability and Resilience. Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ifou2018-06068.
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Ge, Yihui, et Xia Kang. « Research on healthy urban resilience public space planning ». Dans Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/cavd2563.
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Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 in early 2020, cities in China and even around the world have encountered great challenges, placing higher demands on urban governance and urban resilience, and the creation of healthy urban resilience public spaces is imminent. As an important stage of life for urban residents, urban public space is a complex manifestation of urban functions and an indispensable link in strengthening the city's resilience. In this paper, through the analysis of the connotation of urban resilience and related research at home and abroad, we further interpret the connotation and characteristics of urban public space resilience, and build a model of urban public space resilience based on the timeline of disasters. 1. Optimize the structure of public space and create a resilient spatial pattern; 2. Improve the infrastructure of public space and reserve emergency sites during disasters to use urban land flexibly; 3. Adjust the internal and external transportation system of public space to create healthy and green transportation; 4. Optimize the city Ventilated corridors to improve the resilience of the public space environment; 5. Make full use of the intelligent analysis of the GIS platform to improve the ecological disaster prevention capabilities of public spaces.
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Roy, S., D. Pujari et M. Saraswat. « ASSESSMENT OF URBAN ECOSYSTEMS : A STRUCTURED APPROACH TOWARDS BUILDING RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN INDIAN TOWNS AND CITIES ». Dans The 5th International Conference on Climate Change 2021 – (ICCC 2021). The International Institute of Knowledge Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/2513258x.2021.5103.
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The fast-urbanizing Indian cities are grappling with rising ecological challenges. Pollution, water insecurity, urban heat, and flooding have increased the vulnerability of the urban population. There is a need to look at urban settlements as a functioning natural ecosystem delineated by administrative boundaries and to evaluate their health regularly through a comprehensive, easy to adopt, structured approach. This study aims to track and evaluate the ecosystem health of three different categories of urban settlements: a group of metropolitan wards, a growing peripheral city, and an emerging town, through adaption of Pressure- State-Response (PSR) framework developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)’. The methodology includes indices-driven change detection of ecosystem components and pressure points on the same, by using spatial and non-spatial data, developing an impact matrix, and prioritized eco plans for action. Increasing built-up surfaces in the peripheral city (11%) and the metropolitan wards (23%) show increased pressure on their ecosystem in the form of reducing pervious surfaces. Increasing water turbidity, land surface temperatures, and aerosol content in the air depict pressure hotspots requiring mitigative, restorative, and preventive action. A significant decrease observed in heavy vegetation in the metropolitan wards (58% in the last 5 years) and an increase in industrial activities and aerosol is observed in conjunction with increasing air temperatures and this points towards an impending change in its livability index due to anthropogenic pressures and climate change. The study concludes that a structured approach can aid in agile and sustainable management of our towns and cities and nature-based solutions provide an opportunity to restore the ecosystem balance. Keywords: Urban Assessment Nature-based solutions, Ecosystem Health, Urban Ecosystem, Urban management
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Guo, Rong, Ye Gao et Yujing Bai. « Evaluation of land resources carrying capacity in Harbin ». Dans Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/nwjj5082.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 in early 2020, cities in China and even around the world have encountered great challenges, placing higher demands on urban governance and urban resilience, and the creation of healthy urban resilience public spaces is imminent. As an important stage of life for urban residents, urban public space is a complex manifestation of urban functions and an indispensable link in strengthening the city's resilience. In this paper, through the analysis of the connotation of urban resilience and related research at home and abroad, we further interpret the connotation and characteristics of urban public space resilience, and build a model of urban public space resilience based on the timeline of disasters. 1. Optimize the structure of public space and create a resilient spatial pattern; 2. Improve the infrastructure of public space and reserve emergency sites during disasters to use urban land flexibly; 3. Adjust the internal and external transportation system of public space to create healthy and green transportation; 4. Optimize the city Ventilated corridors to improve the resilience of the public space environment; 5. Make full use of the intelligent analysis of the GIS platform to improve the ecological disaster prevention capabilities of public spaces
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Matos Silva, Maria, et Ana Beja Da Costa. « Lisbon’s Metropolitan Public Space Network as an opportunity for the management of the urban water cycle. » Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002369.
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Stormwater management has been essentially controlled by specific technical and specialized disciplines that have authoritatively decided upon the necessary actions. An example of this is the recent Drainage Master Plan for the city of Lisbon, which mostly relies on the creation and optimization of singular, mono-functional, hard-engineering infrastructure that is uniquely focused on draining potentially valuable stormwater away from the urban area. The need to revisit contemporary practices regarding the management of pluvial waters is widely established in literature (Gersonius et al., 2013, Hartmann and Driessen, 2013), not only when considering climate change projections, and the associated exacerbation of precipitation extremes and consequent urban flooding, but also when acknowledging pluvial water as the ultimate resource for urban resilience. Faced with this challenge, numerous cities have been maturing their relationship with water through flood adaptation projects that explore water’s bountiful regenerative and ecological capacities (Matos Silva, 2020). In these projects, one can further note an attempt for a coherent elasticity and connection among similar strategies in different scales. Indeed, all flood adaptation measures are more effective and provide a broader benefit if articulated and interconnected with each other at different scales. In the research project “MetroPublicNet” (Santos et al., 2020) public space qualification projects in Lisbon Metropolitan Area since 1998 are identified and their rationales are critically revised in light of a future metropolitan public space network. Bearing in mind lessons from three specific cities (namely Rotterdam, New York, and London) regarding their relationships between existing flood adaptation strategies and metropolitan networks related to public space, this research aims to initiate the discussion on a new Metropolitan Flood Management Plan for Lisbon.Through this research, the importance of an effective interconnection between scales lies reinforced. By integrating a flood adaptation plan that is served and serves a Metropolitan Public Space Network, new urban interventions can more effectively contribute to more resilient, robust and adaptative territories.
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Aune, Anne, et Rafael Soares Gonçalves. « New Economies - An Essay on Possible Alternatives to a Collapsed System ». Dans 8TH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE. Tomorrow People Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52987/sdc.2021.005.
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ABSTRACT In a world with enough natural and human resources to feed, dress and house the entire population in a nondestructive way, it is not logical to see most people living in poverty, consuming in unsustainable proportions and destroying the basic systems that support life. Understanding the economy only through the lenses of the capitalism money has transformed society and shaped cities. How long will the multiplication of profits be the main objective? How far do we move away from our roots to meet an unsustainable economic model? Are we happy in this system? And, after all, are there alternatives? The aim of this research is to point out possibilities for a healthy economy and, consequently, a better quality of life. From a wide review of the literature, this article addresses the social and economic transformations resulting from the popularisation of the Internet - emphasising the paradigm shifts that are transforming the logic of capitalism's unsustainable growth (scarcity vs. abundance; competition vs. collaboration, etc.). The improvement of the connection between people, projects and ideas drives much-needed social innovation, especially in times of crisis. In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic and the challenges related to climate change, this article explores three examples of so-called "new economies": Creative, Collaborative and Circular. It was observed that economies based on the new paradigms and aligned with the post-industrial era are more fluid and capable of rescuing the sense of community, of regenerating ecosystems, of reconnecting individuals with their purposes and of the redesigning of cities, generating vibrant and resilient local economies. KEYWORDS: Paradigm Shift; Transition; Regeneration; Social innovation; Resilience, Creative Economy; Collaborative Economy; Circular Economy
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Resilience, ecological transition, cities"
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Watkins, Graham, Hervé Breton et Guy Edwards. Achieving Sustainable Recovery : Criteria for Evaluating the Sustainability and Effectiveness of Covid-19 Recovery Investments in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, juillet 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003413.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Covid-19 pandemic has precipitated unprecedented health, social and economic crises across the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. All countries in the region moved quickly to implement rescue policies to safeguard lives and livelihoods. The rescue phase continues along with the challenge of orchestrating the post-COVID-19 economic recovery: designing packages of investments and initiatives to stimulate employment, liquidity, reignite sustainable and inclusive economic growth and transition towards net-zero emission and climate-resilience economies to confront the worsening climate and ecological crisis. These policies must be sustainable in the short and long term and bring institutional, social, economic/financial, and environmental co-benefits. This working paper proposes criteria for evaluating the sustainability of recovery investments and initiatives, to serve as a checklist for stakeholders to use to ensure a recovery that builds an inclusive, sustainable and resilient future for all.