Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Réseaux neuronaux (physiologie) – Lésions et blessures »
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Thèses sur le sujet "Réseaux neuronaux (physiologie) – Lésions et blessures"
Le, Bon-Jego Morgane. « Modifications à long terme du fonctionnement d'un réseau sensori-moteur : neuromodulation sérotoninergique et plasticité post-lésionnelle du réseau contrôlant l'articulation coxo-basale chez l'écrevisse ». Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12740.
Texte intégralEllouze, Salma. « Alterations of cortical circuits in mice following premature brain injuries ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2023. https://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6ht2pd2.
Texte intégralNeural circuits are built at perinatal times and gradually refined during a postnatal period of critical plasticity. During this period, energy metabolism and neuronal maturation are tightly linked. Although lesions of the CNS occurring during this period recover better than those occurring later in life, they are often associated with long-term cognitive deficits, which suggests that neuronal circuits rewiring is either incomplete or inappropriate. I used chronic neonatal hypoxia, a mouse model of very premature birth, to study the long-term impact of brain injuries on energy metabolism and cortical circuits formation. My work shows a reduction of expression of essential mitochondrial proteins, suggesting long-term metabolic defects resulting from the initial hypoxic insult. My results also reveal alterations of glutamatergic neurons’ dendritic arborizations that differentially affect their apical and basal dendritic compartments. These dendritic alterations are paralleled by a global cortical hyperconnectivity as well as a redistribution of short- and long-distance cortical connections. Finally, testing of sociability reveals an impairment for social novelty in young adult hypoxic mice, which amplifies in adulthood. This work will be continued with the 4th year in order to link these observations mechanistically. In Particular, I seek to characterize the nature of the metabolic alterations in cortical glutamatergic neurons resulting from the perinatal hypoxic period. Furthermore, using semi-automated quantification pipelines developed by our collaborator I will correlate global changes in neural activity during the sociability task, which will provide information linking circuits alteration and the observed behavioral deficits. Altogether, my thesis work will provide a better knowledge of how early metabolic insults can impact neuronal metabolism, cortical connectivity, as well as associated behaviors later in life
Messé, Arnaud. « Caractérisation de la relation structure-fonction dans le cerveau humain à partir de données d'IRM fonctionnelle et de diffusion : méthodes et applications cognitive et clinique ». Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845014.
Texte intégralParadis-Giroux, Andrée-Anne. « Les effets du traumatisme crânio-cérébral léger et du vieillissement normal sur les mécanismes neuronaux de l'encodage épisodique selon la charge attentionnelle : études en potentiels évoqués ». Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26401.
Texte intégralWith the aging population, the incidence of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) in elders will probably increase. Even though the presence of persistent cognitive disabilities after a MTBI still remain controversial, a few studies having manipulated the attentional load during encoding have detected subtle alterations of cognitive functioning several years post-MTBI. Indeed, it is currently well accepted that diagnostic tools used in clinical and research settings, such as neuropsychological tests and neuroimaging techniques, are not sufficiently sensitive to detect chronic impairments induced by MTBI. However, the event-related potentials (ERP) technique is an efficient approach to identify the neurophysiological alterations caused by MTBI. The current thesis aimed to determine the effects of divided attention (Study 1), normal aging (Study 1) and MTBI (Study 2) on the different ERP solicited during encoding. The results of Study 1 demonstrate that the addition of a secondary task during episodic encoding interfere with attentional capture of the stimulus and with efficient use of encoding strategies. Moreover, encoding under divided attention requires a greater solicitation of executive functions in order to sustain encoding in elders. This activity is not observed in young adults. In addition, the elders struggle to use encoding strategies. These findings further support the decrease of attentional resources in aging’s theory, but some executive dysfunctions were also observed. Study 2 aimed to identify the persistent effects of MTBI on ERP in encoding among elders. The results show that the elders with a MTBI have working memory impairments due to a slowed processing speed and a decline in use of compensation mechanisms, normally observed in healthy elders. This thesis contributes to a better understanding of the causes of age-related memory decline and to the identification of diagnostic tools which are further sensitive to the chronic effects of MTBI. This in-depth knowledge on these effects can allow the identification of effective interventions to preserve or improve cognition in elders with or without MTBI.
Ntsame, Ngomo Suzy Pavlova. « Plasticité cérébrale associée à une lésion musculosquelettique ». Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29674/29674.pdf.
Texte intégralLivres sur le sujet "Réseaux neuronaux (physiologie) – Lésions et blessures"
Gillian, Cohen, Johnston Lolo Bob, Plunkett Kim et Open University, dir. Exploring cognition : Damaged brains and neural networks : readings in cognitive neuropsychology and connectionist modelling. Hove : Psychology Press, 2000.
Trouver le texte intégralTakao, Kumazawa, Kruger Lawrence et Mizumura Kazue, dir. The polymodal receptor : A gateway to pathological pain. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1996.
Trouver le texte intégral(Editor), T. Kumazawa, L. Kruger (Editor) et K. Mizumura (Editor), dir. The Polymodal Receptor - A Gateway to Pathological Pain (Progress in Brain Research). Elsevier Science, 1996.
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