Articles de revues : « Reproduced from type-written copy »

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Pérez Barcala, Gerardo. « La varia lectio en la transmisión del De medicina equorum : algunas hipótesis sobre el modelo de la versión gallega de Giordano Ruffo ». Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 134, n^o 2 (8 juin 2018) : 442–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2018-0027.

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AbstractThis article offers an approach to the De medicina equorum (post 1250–ante 1256) with the aim of analyzing some of the divergences between the manuscript that contains the Galician translation (Biblioteca Nacional de España, ms. 23076) and the Latin text, mainly known through Girolamo Molin’s edition (based on ms. Lat. Cl. VII 24 of the Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana de Venezia). The analysis of the Latin and Romance tradition of Ruffo’s work as well as of other treatises written under its influence show that these divergences do not result from mistakes in the copy of the Galician translation but are rather related to the variations issuing from the process of transmission of this work. Thus, the essay contributes to the establishment of certain textual features of the source text of the Galician version, most likely a Latin manuscript similar to but different from the codex reproduced by Molin.

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Madsen, Bjarne. « Interactive computer processing and interpretation of pumping test data. A Micro-computer program using dynamic graphics ». Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse Serie C 4 (28 février 1985) : 1–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/seriec.v4.7098.

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This paper presents a computer program for analysing pumping test data. The program is interactive and may be used with a minimum knowledge of computers. It can be applied to a wide range of transient problem types, from one dimensional groundwater flow to flow in anisotropic aquifers, horizontally as well as vertically. Various forms of type curves based on analytical solutions to the groundwater flow equation are available for the interpretation. The paper includes a listing of the entire computer program containing a total of about 1. 800 lines. The programming language is a BASIC-version suited for the Tektronix 4054, a graphic screen with a refresh option. This option allows the user to perform type curve matching directly on the screen by moving the chosen type curve to the position where it gives the best fit, in a manner similar to traditional manual chart interpretation. Plots of the measured data may be conveniently reproduced in semilog and log-log diagrams, either on the screen or as a hard copy printed by a plotter. The present version of the program makes use of tape cartridges, both for storing program and data files.

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Croiset Van Uchelen, Ton. « The mysterious writing-master Clemens Perret and his two copy-books ». Quaerendo 17, n^o 1 (1987) : 3–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006987x00016.

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AbstractIn the first half of the 17th century penmanship in the Dutch Republic flourished as never before or since. Responsible for this flowering were a number of schoolmasters from Brabant and Flanders who in the 1570s and 80s had fled to the North and had settled there as writing-masters. To what level they had raised calligraphy may be seen from a large number of manuscript and printed writing-books that have been preserved. Just as they inspired their followers in years to come they had themselves found a source of inspiration in the two copy-books of Clemens Perret, brought out in 1569 and 1571. The earlier of these, the Exercitatio alphabetica, was not only the first ever to be reproduced entirely by copper engraving, but also the first with examples in seven languages, all of them written in the appropriate hands. Moreover in this book, the first to be produced in the Low Countries in such a large, oblong size, all plates had lavishly executed borders, designed on an architectural framework on which a variety of objects, human figures, grotesques, animals and so on were depicted. The book was obviously designed for collectors, wealthy connoisseurs and fellow writing-masters. The later book, the Eximiae peritiae alphabetum, although containing an equal number of plates, likewise in seven languages and in various hands, lacks the beautiful borders and is of slightly smaller size. It is altogether a more modestly conceived book, surely intended for use at school. Little is known about Perret's life. The title-pages of his books tell us that he was born in Brussels in 1551. A poem in a writing-book by Jacobus Houthusius, published in 1591, refers to his death. A contemporary manuscript note in a pamphlet of 1583 states that the writer Etienne Perret was his father. In the Plantin archives it is recorded that he had a brother, named Paul, and a sister. In a pamphlet of 1599 the writing-master Jan van den Velde states that Perret went to England to serve Queen Elizabeth's Chancellor as writing-master and teach the Queen the Italian hand. This seems unlikely as the Queen is known to have learned italic handwriting from Roger Ascham, while still a girl. The author has examined 26 copies of the Exercitatio in public collections and distinguishes two different editions. The first was probably brought out by Perret himself. Nearly all its plates contain errors in spelling, punctuation and word division. When Plantin took the distribution of the book in hand these mistakes were corrected and another plate added, containing within an engraved border a privilege with the text in letterpress: the 2nd edition. A variant of this edition is identical but for the privilege which is now engraved. The 2nd edition, corrected

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Garnier, Olivier, Vincent Serrano, Sandra Duharcourt et Eric Meyer. « RNA-Mediated Programming of Developmental Genome Rearrangements in Paramecium tetraurelia ». Molecular and Cellular Biology 24, n^o 17 (1 septembre 2004) : 7370–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.24.17.7370-7379.2004.

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ABSTRACT The germ line genome of ciliates is extensively rearranged during development of the somatic macronucleus. Numerous sequences are eliminated, while others are amplified to a high ploidy level. In the Paramecium aurelia group of species, transformation of the maternal macronucleus with transgenes at high copy numbers can induce the deletion of homologous genes in sexual progeny, when a new macronucleus develops from the wild-type germ line. We show that this trans-nuclear effect correlates with homology-dependent silencing of maternal genes before autogamy and with the accumulation of ∼22- to 23-nucleotide (nt) RNA molecules. The same effects are induced by feeding cells before meiosis with bacteria containing double-stranded RNA, suggesting that small interfering RNA-like molecules can target deletions. Furthermore, experimentally induced macronuclear deletions are spontaneously reproduced in subsequent sexual generations, and reintroduction of the missing gene into the variant macronucleus restores developmental amplification in sexual progeny. We discuss the possible roles of the ∼22- to 23-nt RNAs in the targeting of deletions and the implications for the RNA-mediated genome-scanning process that is thought to determine developmentally regulated rearrangements in ciliates.

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Fedotova, Marina. « ON AN EPITAPH TO DIMITRY OF ROSTOV (ON THE HISTORY OF THE EPITAPH’ GENRE IN THE 18TH СENTURY) ». Проблемы исторической поэтики 19, n^o 4 (décembre 2021) : 190–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j9.art.2021.9743.

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The article analyzes an epitaph dedicated to Dimitry of Rostov. It was written in Ukraine after the death of the metropolitan in 1709, but before his official canonization in 1757. Unlike the two other well-known epitaphs dedicated to Saint Dimitry (the funeral oration by Stephen Yavorsky and the inscription by Michail Lomonosov engraved on the silver icon case of his tomb complex), this text, which belongs to the syllabic epitaph genre, was an inscription under Dimitry’s lifetime portrait that was kept in the Novgorod-Seversky monastery. This epitaph, like the first two texts, can be clearly characterized as a baroque text, however, it differs significantly from them in content and style. It reflects other artistic phenomena of baroque poetics and has the features of synthesis, a combination of an iconographic image and signature, illustrations and text, words and images. The portrait-icon with verses was delivered to Rostov to metropolitan Arseny (Matseevich) through Fyodor Dubyansky, the confessor of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna. For a long time, it was preserved at the tomb of St. Dimitry in the interior of the Trinity (Conception) monastery. This epitaph reflects the Ukrainian tradition, in which portraits with epitaphs were hung at the graves of bishops and churchwardens. Who was the author of this epitaph to Dimitry of Rostov? It was most certainly a representative of the Ukrainian elite who knew Dimitry’s biography very well. Perhaps it was Ioann (Maksimovich), the future metropolitan of Tobolsk. The location of the original icon with the inscription is unknown, but a copy has survived in the museum of the Kiev-Pechersk monastery. However, this epitaph continued to exist in the written tradition. Several copies of it are known, and its text was reproduced and perceived separately from the iconographic model as a hagiographic text. It served, in turn, as a source of other such texts dedicated to Dimitry of Rostov and created after his canonization. The subsequent fate of this epitaph is also associated with the phenomena of the new cultural epoch, in which different types of art did not merely complement each other, but also led to the expansion of artistic expression, to the creation, interaction and interchangeability of new artistic forms, evolution of genre, which are undoubtedly important for the studying the genre poetics of the 18th century.

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Trung, Trinh Thanh, Adrian Hetzer, André Göhler, Eylin Topfstedt, Vanaporn Wuthiekanun, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Sharon J. Peacock et Ivo Steinmetz. « Highly Sensitive Direct Detection and Quantification of Burkholderia pseudomallei Bacteria in Environmental Soil Samples by Using Real-Time PCR ». Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, n^o 18 (29 juillet 2011) : 6486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00735-11.

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ABSTRACTThe soil bacterium and potential biothreat agentBurkholderia pseudomalleicauses the infectious disease melioidosis, which is naturally acquired through environmental contact with the bacterium. Environmental detection ofB. pseudomalleirepresents the basis for the development of a geographical risk map for humans and livestock. The aim of the present study was to develop a highly sensitive, culture-independent, DNA-based method that allows direct quantification ofB. pseudomalleifrom soil. We established a protocol forB. pseudomalleisoil DNA isolation, purification, and quantification by quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting a type three secretion system 1 single-copy gene. This assay was validated using 40 soil samples from Northeast Thailand that underwent parallel bacteriological culture. All 26 samples that wereB. pseudomalleipositive by direct culture wereB. pseudomalleiqPCR positive, with a median of 1.84 × 104genome equivalents (range, 3.65 × 102to 7.85 × 105) per gram of soil, assuming complete recovery of DNA. This was 10.6-fold (geometric mean; range, 1.1- to 151.3-fold) higher than the bacterial count defined by direct culture. Moreover, the qPCR detectedB. pseudomalleiin seven samples (median, 36.9 genome equivalents per g of soil; range, 9.4 to 47.3) which were negative by direct culture. These seven positive results were reproduced using a nested PCR targeting a second, independentB. pseudomallei-specific sequence. Two samples were direct culture and qPCR negative but nested PCR positive. Five samples were negative by both PCR methods and culture. In conclusion, our PCR-based system provides a highly specific and sensitive tool for the quantitative environmental surveillance ofB. pseudomallei.

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Tiedt, Ralph, Hui Hao-Shen et Radek C. Skoda. « A Transgenic Mouse Model To Study JAK2-V617F In Vivo . » Blood 108, n^o 11 (16 novembre 2006) : 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.665.665.

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Abstract It is generally assumed that the JAK2-V617F mutation is the cause of disease in a large proportion of patients with myeloproliferative disorders. However, recent evidence suggests that additional genetic alterations might be collaborating with JAK2-V617F. Most importantly, screenings of hematopoietic cells from JAK2-V617F positive patients using quantitative PCR-based methods have revealed a strong variability in the fraction of cells that carry the mutation and in some patients a striking discrepancy with the extent of clonal hematopoiesis. On the other hand, retroviral overexpression of JAK2-V617F in mouse bone marrow transplantation models causes phenotypes that resemble human polycythemia vera, the MPD entity in which the incidence of JAK2-V617F is highest. In the mouse transplantation models described to date, retroviral vectors were used that bear the risk of insertional mutagenesis and in most cases lead to a strong overexpression of JAK2-V617F. These limitations might hamper an accurate reproduction of the human disease. To express the mutant JAK2 at physiological levels in a mouse model, we generated JAK2-V617F transgenic mice. The transgene was constructed based on a human BAC containing JAK2 exons 1–12 and approximately 100 kb of upstream sequence. A cDNA fragment covering exons 13–25 of JAK2, which includes the V617F mutation, was appended by homologous recombination in bacteria. We also generated an identical construct with the JAK2 wild type sequence as a control. Pronuclear microinjection of the control construct yielded 8 viable and fertile founders with transgene copy numbers ranging from 1 to 18. We also obtained 3 mice that were positive for the JAK2-V617F transgene. One of these mice died 2 days after birth, a second mouse died at the age of 5 weeks. This mouse had 3 integrated copies of the transgene and interestingly an approximately 10-fold enlarged spleen. Unfortunately, we were unable to obtain additional data from this mouse. The third mouse with one integrated copy of the transgene was viable and gave rise to a transgenic line (VF1). The VF1 line expresses the transgene at approximately 25% of the endogenous wild-type Jak2 level. We analyzed blood counts at the age of 5–6 weeks and observed a small but significant elevation of platelet numbers (approximately 1.2-fold), which was reproduced when transplanting JAK2-VF1 bone marrow into wild type recipients. No changes in hematocrit or white blood cell count were detected. The low yield of JAK2-V617F transgenic mice together with the early death of two of the founders suggested that the transgene could be lethal when expression exceeds a certain level. To overcome this potential problem and to allow for inducible expression of the JAK2-V617F transgene, we generated a second construct in which exons 13–25 of the original transgene were inverted to abolish expression of catalytically active Jak2 in this configuration. Antiparallel loxP sites were placed at the borders of this inverted fragment to allow Cre-mediated repair of the transgene. These loxP sites contain previously characterized mutations to prevent continuous recombination. We have obtained 4 founders of this Cre-activated JAK2-V617F transgene with copy numbers between 1 and 9. After crossing to Mx-Cre mice and inducing Cre we observed repair of the transgene at the DNA level. Furthermore, mRNA of the recombined JAK2-V617F allele was detectable in peripheral blood. The effects of the JAK2-V617F transgene induction on the hematopoietic system are currently being studied in detail and will be presented.

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Carpenter, Chris. « Dynamic Simulation in Deep Water Enhances Operations From Design to Production ». Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, n^o 05 (1 mai 2021) : 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0521-0047-jpt.

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30838, “Shell Appomattox Model-Based Operations From Design to Production: A Game Changer in Gulf of Mexico Deepwater Operation,” by Robert Tulalian, Shell, and Evan Keever and Ankur Rastogi, Kongsberg, prepared for the 2020 Offshore Technology Conference, originally scheduled to be held in Houston, 4–7 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. The complete paper discusses how large operations such as Appomattox in the Gulf of Mexico’s deepwater Norphlet formation can use an integrated dynamic simulation-based solution throughout the project life cycle to aid in design verification, operator training, startup support, and real-time surveillance. The authors write that their recommendations and findings can be applied to similar project implementation efforts elsewhere in the industry. Introduction The Appomattox development spans Mississippi Canyon Blocks 348, 391, 392, and 393. Peak production rates are estimated to be approximately 175,000 BOE/D, with water injection planned for the future to support reservoir pressures. Appomattox includes a combined cycle steam system, using process waste heat to generate steam. This steam can be used to drive a generator, providing extra power for the facility. The Appomattox facility can be seen in Fig. 1. A multipurpose dynamic simulator (MPDS) was developed to address the inherent complexities of the Appomattox system, providing a high-fidelity integrated model that simulates both top-sides and subsea process conditions. This model was integrated with the Appomattox control system and deployed in a setup to mimic the offshore control room, creating a realistic training environment for operators. The MPDS was completed over 1 year before first oil, providing ample time for operator training and other use cases such as distributed-control-system (DCS) checkout and engineering studies. Because of the success of the MPDS, the operator applied the existing Appomattox model to the operation phase through the creation of a real-time surveillance system (RTS). Connecting the process model to the facility’s historian by open-platform communications (OPC) enables the RTS to serve as a virtual copy of the live facility, mimicking process conditions in real time. This enables the RTS to serve as a platform for useful surveillance applications such as virtual flow metering, blockage detection, and equipment-performance monitoring. Process Model Development Once the decision to build an MPDS was made, the project team determined which systems would be included in the scope of the model as well as what data would be used for input and validation. Because the MPDS would be used for both engineering and operations use, most systems were included in the scope and modeled at high fidelity to maximize potential benefits.

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Trewick, Anne L., Julia S. El-Sayed Moustafa, Adam J. de Smith, Philippe Froguel, Gottfried Greve, Pål R. Njølstad, Lachlan JM Coin et Alexandra IF Blakemore. « Accurate Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Allele Assignment in Trisomic or Duplicated Regions by Using a Single Base–Extension Assay with MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry ». Clinical Chemistry 57, n^o 8 (1 août 2011) : 1188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2010.159558.

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BACKGROUND The accurate assignment of alleles embedded within trisomic or duplicated regions is an essential prerequisite for assessing the combined effects of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genomic copy number. Such an integrated analysis is challenging because heterozygotes for such a SNP may be one of 2 genotypes—AAB or ABB. Established methods for SNP genotyping, however, can have difficulty discriminating between the 2 heterozygous trisomic genotypes. We developed a method for assigning heterozygous trisomic genotypes that uses the ratio of the height of the 2 allele peaks obtained by mass spectrometry after a single-base extension assay. METHODS Eighteen COL6A2 (collagen, type VI, alpha 2) SNPs were analyzed in euploid and trisomic individuals by means of a multiplexed single-base extension assay that generated allele-specific oligonucleotides of differing Mr values for detection by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Reference data (mean and SD) for the allele peak height ratios were determined from heterozygous euploid samples. The heterozygous trisomic genotypes were assigned by calculating the z score for each trisomic allele peak height ratio and by considering the sign (+/−) of the z score. RESULTS Heterozygous trisomic genotypes were assigned in 96.1% (range, 89.9%–100%) of the samples for each SNP analyzed. The genotypes obtained were reproduced in 95 (97.5%) of 97 loci retested in a second assay. Subsequently, the origin of nondisjunction was determined in 108 (82%) of 132 family trios with a Down syndrome child. CONCLUSIONS This approach enabled reliable genotyping of heterozygous trisomic samples and the determination of the origin of nondisjunction in Down syndrome family trios.

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Carpenter, Chris. « Divided-Time Data-Transmission System Uses a Microchip Storage Ball ». Journal of Petroleum Technology 75, n^o 01 (1 janvier 2023) : 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0123-0089-jpt.

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_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper IPTC 22368, “Study and Implementation of a Large Amount of Data From a Divided-Time Transmission System Using Microchip-Storage-Ball Release While Drilling,” by Sanguo Li, State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanism and Effective Development and SINOPEC, and Ruixiang Gao and Jibo Li, SINOPEC, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2022 International Petroleum Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. _ A key question posed in the field is how to transmit logging-while-drilling (LWD) data losslessly back to the surface effectively. Conventional LWD tools face challenges in transmitting all data to the surface efficiently. The complete paper proposes a method that uses the concept of a flash drive downloading and exchanging data among computers. Methodology Two conventional methods exist for data exchange between computers, one of which is network data transmission. The speed of network data transmission determines the efficiency of data exchange between computers. The other method is to use a flash disk to copy and transfer data between computers. Similarly, the downhole LWD tool and the surface data computer can be regarded as two computers. When the bandwidth of the real-time network between surface and underground is limited, the principle of a flash drive dumping and exchanging data between the computers can be used. First, LWD data are dumped into a microchip storage ball (MSB). The circuit sends a release command to the power device to release the MSB from the drill collar. The MSB is carried up to the ground by the drilling fluid and will be recovered on the ground. The data in the MSB then will be uploaded to a computer. The releasable time-divisional data-transmission system mainly consists of MSBs for storing LWD data, sealed chambers for storing the MSBs, a power device for releasing the MSBs, and a circuit for detecting the release signal and controlling the release operation. Large-Capacity MSBs An MSB essentially is a flash drive for storing LWD data. Because of the space constraints of downhole release tools and the limitations posed by the downhole drilling environment, an MSB must have characteristics such as large capacity, small size, high pressure resistance, high temperature resistance, low power consumption, high performance, and high-speed data-dumping capability. In the presented method, the control and power management module controls the data read/write (R/W) command and the power supply to the MSB so that it can read data from the LWD tools and save it using the RS485 communication mode. The network topology of the RS485 mode can send data to multiple MSBs simultaneously. The MSB uses an MSP430 chip to manage reading, writing, and erasing of data. The capacity of the memory chip determines the data capacity of the MSB. Currently, the data capacity of one MSB is 1 Mbit. The diameter of the MSB circuit board is 11 mm. The power supply cable and RS485 cable are connected to the circuit board. This type of wired power supply and data transmission eliminates the need for a battery and a wireless data-exchange module. The MSBs are installed in the sealed chambers of a downhole release tool. Four contacts are designed on an MSB to supply power and to connect the data-circuit system. The four contacts on the MSB are connected to the corresponding four spring contacts in the sealed chambers.

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Raven, James. « Can there be a Biography of a Book ? : Comparative Observations on Publications by Francysk Skaryna and Erik Pontoppidan ». Knygotyra 80 (18 juillet 2023) : 18–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.121.

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In a comparison of bibliographical approaches to Francysk Skaryna’s The Little Traveller’s Book (1522) and Erik Pontoppidan’s Natural History of Norway (1752) this article argues that attempts to write a book biography can benefit from extensive archival research as well as close physical examination of surviving copies, using new forensic technologies as well as adapting more traditional modes of investigation. Ultimately, however, the concept of ‘biography’ or ‘life cycle’ is questioned. The article examines the intellectual genesis, writing, translation, critical review, reception and collection of the Natural History as well as its extraordinary legacy – a legacy that is helpfully comparable to and distinctive from that of Skaryna’s work. Both writers moved in a world of circuits, of typographical and bibliographical innovation and comment, of travel and translation, of new and emergent accessibility to language and books – all, from their perspective, from the beneficence of God and to His glorification. Skaryna’s journey took him from Polatsk and Vilnius to Kraków and Padua, to his first Psalter and other biblical publishing in Prague and his The Little Traveller’s Book in Vilnius, to travels to Moscow, Poznan, Königsberg and back to Vilnius and Prague. As with Skaryna, Pontoppidan engaged in wide travel, also establishing far flung contacts and correspondence. Both faced constraints, and most notably the impact of war, disease, political and religious intervention and fires that destroyed cities and printing houses. Both writers were determined to write in the vernacular, Skaryna working to translate and create new type, all to make books of the Bible available in an accessible language. Skaryna contributed to the development of the Belarusian literary language just as Pontoppidan’s writing and interest in dialect contributed both to the standardization of Danish and the distinctive linguistic origins of Norwegian. Both composed prefaces to their editions, in which they emphasized that the purpose of their publishing activities was to help ordinary people, in Skaryna’s words to “become acquainted with wisdom and science.” The legacies of both diverged from literary references and directly derivative sightings of sea monsters in the case of Pontoppidan, to numerous statues and other material commemorations in the case of Skaryna who remains embroiled symbolically in different claims over national identities. The concluding assessment of whether such study can contribute to a ‘book biography’ or ‘life cycle’ is guarded, suggesting alternative concepts that might be tested. This includes the idea of a ‘book biology’ whereby, in such study of a ‘life’, a book is conceived by its intellectual creator with very specific intentions and is then transmuted by other actors and agencies into different material, visual and linguistic forms. In the case of Skaryna, the creations amounted to numerous unstable texts, variously arranged, with uncertain survival rates and relatively poor evidence of use. In the case of Pontoppidan, three more stable editions, Danish, German and English, were all also materially different and each copy reproduced in separate operations of printing and collation. Each copy pursued thereafter its own life – no more reproduction and so no book genealogy – but hugely diverse and differently influential lives. In such ways the biosphere might be renamed the bibliosphere. Some book lives were terminated in relative infancy, some moved around the world and through many hands, some mutilated, others preserved in situ and symbolically represented at anniversaries or for political and cultural ends.

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Justel, Josué J., et Daniel Justel. « AN UNPUBLISHED NUZI-TYPE ANTICHRETIC LOAN CONTRACT IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM ; WITH SOME COMMENTS ON CHILDREN IN THE KINGDOM OF ARRAPḪE ». Iraq 77 (décembre 2015) : 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/irq.2015.12.

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The paper presents the edition of cuneiform tablet BM 102353, from Yorġān Tepe (ancient Nuzi). Though various scholars have examined the document, and information about its content has been partially distributed, it is the first time that copy, transliteration and thorough commentaries are provided. The text presumably was written during the fourth generation of Teḫip-Tilla's family. It is an antichretic contract in which a young girl is lent, and therefore some comments on children in the documentary evidence from the Kingdom of Arrapḫe are in order.

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Isaacman, Daniel J., Kathy Purvis, Jane Gyuro, Yvonne Anderson et Douglas Smith. « Standardized Instructions : Do They Improve Communication of Discharge Information from the Emergency Department ? » Pediatrics 89, n^o 6 (1 juin 1992) : 1204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.89.6.1204.

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To determine whether standardized instructions enhance communication of discharge information, we provided 197 parents of children in whom otitis media was diagnosed with one of three types of instruction at the time of discharge from a pediatric emergency department: (1) instruction by individual housestaff and medical students after consultation with an attending physician (control group); (2) standardized verbal instructions given by housestaff and students trained in their use (verbal group); or (3) the same instructions given to the verbal group, together with a type-written copy of the information to take home (verbal + written group). Prior to leaving the emergency department and, again, by phone, 1 and 3 days later, parents were questioned concerning the prescribed medication's name, dose, frequency, and duration of administration (medication data), three signs of improvement, and eight signs indicating the need for medical advice (worrisome signs). The mean percentage of correct responses per parent in each group was computed for each information category. Both at exit interview and at follow-up, parents receiving either form of standardized instructions showed significantly greater knowledge of information related to their child's illness than did controls. Information regarding medication data was more likely to be communicated to parents in all groups than were signs of improvement or worrisome signs. The addition of written instructions to standardized verbal instructions did not improve parental recall of discharge information.

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WILLIAMS, DAVID M. « Notes on the diatom collection of the Natural History Museum, London (BM) I : The first place of publication for Cymatopleura brunii P. Petit, a review of its type specimens with a note on the name Surirella undata ». Phytotaxa 460, n^o 2 (23 septembre 2020) : 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.460.2.6.

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The species Cymatopleura brunii was named by Paul Petit (Paul Charles Mirbel Petit, 1834–1913, TL-2: 199) but assumed to be first published by Jacques-Joseph Brun (1826–1908) in his article ‘Diatomées lacustres, marines ou fossiles, espèces nouvelles ou insuffisamment connues’ published in Le Diatomiste (Brun 1895: pl. XIV, fig. 24, reproduced here as Figure 5). Brun’s article is composed of only a series of plates accompanied with brief descriptions of most of the specimens illustrated. Although the four plates (XIV–XVII) were issued in sequence as part of the short-lived journal Le Diatomiste, they came with separate covers (the front cover is reproduced here as Figure 12; the end cover is plain). Brun (1895) is often cited as consisting of Pls XIV–XVII and plates XIX–XX. There are, however, just four plates: Pls XIV–XVII. Plate XVIII was never issued (see Le Diatomiste 2: 252) and plates XIX–XXIV are those illustrating Brun (1896), a different article. (A publication history of Le Diatomiste is in preparation). This series of plates included the figure of Cymatopleura brunii with the comment that “Peut etre consideree comme une variété arrondie et tres ridée de la Cym. hybernica W. Sm.” (Brun 1895: pl. XIV, fig. 24). Although without any proper written description, it can still be considered a validly published name (see Guiry in Guiry & Guiry 2020). Yet there is an earlier account, which appears to have never been cited since its publication, where Petit provided both a full description and a figure of Cymatopleura brunii (Petit in Lortet 1883: 191, pl. 23, fig. 61, description reproduced here as Figure 11, Petit’s figure is reproduced here as Figure 1). This figure appears to differ from that in Brun (1895: pl. XIV, fig. 24, reproduced here as Figure 5).

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ICHIKAWA-SEKI, MADOKA, MAO PENG, KEI HAYASHI, TAKUYA SHORIKI, UDAY KUMAR MOHANTA, TOSHIYUKI SHIBAHARA et TADASHI ITAGAKI. « Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analysis reveals that hybridization between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica occurred in China ». Parasitology 144, n^o 2 (2 novembre 2016) : 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118201600161x.

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SUMMARYThe well-known pathogens of fasciolosis, Fasciola hepatica (Fh) and Fasciola Gigantica (Fg), possess abundant mature sperms in their seminal vesicles, and thus, they reproduce bisexually. On the other hand, aspermic Fasciola flukes reported from Asian countries, which have no sperm in their seminal vesicles, probably reproduce parthenogenetically. The aim of this study was to reveal the origin of aspermic Fasciola flukes. The nuclear single copy markers, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and DNA polymerase delta, were employed for analysis of Fasciola species from China. The hybrid origin of aspermic Fasciola flukes was strongly suggested by the presence of the Fh/Fg type, which includes DNA fragments of both F. hepatica and F. gigantica. China can be regarded as the cradle of the interspecific hybridization because F. hepatica and F. gigantica were detected in the northern and southern parts of China, respectively, and hybrids flukes were distributed between the habitats of the two species. The Chinese origin was supported by the fact that a larger number of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) haplotypes was detected in Chinese aspermic Fasciola populations than in aspermic populations from the neighbouring countries. Hereafter, ‘aspermic’ Fasciola flukes should be termed as ‘hybrid’ Fasciola flukes.

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Rodionov, Oleg. « Codex Vatopedinus gr. 610 and Its Place in the Manuscript Tradition of Kallistos Angelikoudes’ Works ». ISTORIYA 12, n^o 5 (103) (2021) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840015968-3.

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The article deals with one of the oldest manuscripts containing a significant part of the theological chapters of Kallistos Angelikoudes, one of the most important hesychast authors of the late Byzantine period. Codex Vatopedinus gr. 610 was written in the late 14th c. It contains a great amount of quotations excerpted from Patristic literature. In the second part of the codex, one can find the chapters of Kallistos Angelikoudes; these 92 chapters were retrieved from a greater collection containing now about 200 chapters. The article discusses the content of the Vatopedi manuscript, pointing out to the use of many Patristic fragments included there in different works by Kallistos Angelikoudes. This may shed light on the origin and purpose of the manuscript. A further study of the history of the text of these chapters allows us to assess the place of the Vatopedi codex in the manuscript tradition of Kallistos Angelikoudes’ literary legacy. The Church Slavonic translation of this collection of Angelikoudes’ chapters made by Paisius Velichkovsky in the 1770—1790s reproduces many peculiarities of the Greek text contained in the Vatopedi manuscript and was presumably based on a copy of that codex.

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Verschik, Anna. « Mixed Copying in Blogs : Evidence from Estonian-Russian Language Contacts ». Journal of Language Contact 9, n^o 1 (10 décembre 2016) : 186–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-00901008.

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The paper applies the Code Copying Framework (ccf) to Estonian-Russian language contacts in Live Journal blogs. The nature of blogs (an asynchronous, more written-like genre) allows us to look into individual multilingual practices and to discover aspects of contact-induced change that are absent in oral communication (choice of script, rendition of other-language items etc).ccfdistinguishes between global copying (akin to code-switching/borrowing in other frameworks), selective copying (phenomena in morphosyntax, semantics etc) and mixed copying. The latter means that one component of a complex item is a global copy and the other a selective one and occurs in multi-word items (compounds, constructions, analytic forms, idioms). Six types of mixed copies are analysed. It is argued that this type of copying requires closer attention because 1) it demonstrates what is perceived as a collocation or multiword unit by a multilingual user; 2) it contributes to the understanding of meaning (semantically specific components are likely to be copied globally; 3) it is in accordance with notions in cognitive linguistics (compositionality, blending).

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Dedukh, Dmitrij, Sergey Riumin, Krzysztof Kolenda, Magdalena Chmielewska, Beata Rozenblut-Kościsty, Mikołaj Kaźmierczak, Maria Ogielska et Alla Krasikova. « Maintenance of pure hybridogenetic water frog populations : Genotypic variability in progeny of diploid and triploid parents ». PLOS ONE 17, n^o 7 (6 juillet 2022) : e0268574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268574.

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An intriguing outcome of hybridisation is the emergence of clonally and hemiclonally reproducing hybrids, that can sustain, reproduce, and lead to the emergence of polyploid forms. However, the maintenance of diploid and polyploid hybrid complexes in natural populations remains unresolved. We selected water frogs from the Pelophylax esculentus complex to study how diploid and triploid hybrids, which reproduce hemiclonally via hybridogenesis, are maintained in natural populations. During gametogenesis in diploid hybrids, one of the parental genomes is eliminated, and the remaining genome is endoreplicated. In triploid hybrids, the single-copy genome is typically eliminated, while genome endoreplication does not occur. To investigate how diploid and triploid hybrid frogs reproduce in populations without parental species, we crossed these hybrid animals from two separate pure hybrid populations located in Poland. Using cytogenetic analysis of tadpoles that emerged from the crosses, we established which gametes were produced by parental hybrids. The majority of hybrid females and hybrid males produced one type of gamete with the P. ridibundus genome. However, in both studied populations, approximately half of the diploid and triploid hybrids simultaneously produced gametes with different genome compositions and ploidy levels, specifically, the P. ridibundus and P. lessonae genomes, as well as diploid gametes with genomes of both parental species. Triploid hybrid males and females mostly produced haploid gametes with the P. lessonae genome; however, gametes with the P. ridibundus genome have also been observed. These results suggest that not all hybrids follow the classical hybridogenetic reproduction program and reveal a significant level of alterations in the gametogenesis pathways. In addition, we found a variable survival rate of particular progeny genotypes when we crossed hybrid females with different males suggesting the important role of postzygotic barriers on the maintenance of pure hybrid systems. We suggest that the observed variability in produced gametes and the different survival rate of the progeny with certain genotypes is crucial for the existence of pure hybrid systems.

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Sabra, Ayman, Nicolas Biteau, Jean-William Dupuy, Christophe Klopp, Thierry Noël et Karine Dementhon. « Mediator Subunit Med15 Regulates Cell Morphology and Mating in Candida lusitaniae ». Journal of Fungi 9, n^o 3 (8 mars 2023) : 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9030333.

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Candida lusitaniae is an emerging opportunistic pathogenic yeast capable of shifting from yeast to pseudohyphae form, and it is one of the few Candida species with the ability to reproduce sexually. In this study, we showed that a dpp3Δ mutant, inactivated for a putative pyrophosphatase, is impaired in cell separation, pseudohyphal growth and mating. The defective phenotypes were not restored after the reconstruction of a wild-type DPP3 locus, reinforcing the hypothesis of the presence of an additional mutation that we suspected in our previous study. Genetic crosses and genome sequencing identified an additional mutation in MED15, encoding a subunit of the mediator complex that functions as a general transcriptional co-activator in Eukaryotes. We confirmed that inactivation of MED15 was responsible for the defective phenotypes by rescuing the dpp3Δ mutant with a wild-type copy of MED15 and constructing a med15Δ knockout mutant that mimics the phenotypes of dpp3Δ in vitro. Proteomic analyses revealed the biological processes under the control of Med15 and involved in hyphal growth, cell separation and mating. This is the first description of the functions of MED15 in the regulation of hyphal growth, cell separation and mating, and the pathways involved in C. lusitaniae.

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Suzuki, Ritsuro, Motoko Yamaguchi, Koji Izutsu, Go Yamamoto, Kenzo Takada, Yasuaki Harabuchi, Yasushi Isobe et al. « Prospective Measurement of EBV-DNA in Plasma and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type. » Blood 114, n^o 22 (20 novembre 2009) : 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.135.135.

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Abstract Abstract 135 Background: Peripheral blood of patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL) contains fragmented Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA. Measurement of the circulating viral DNA load has been reported to be useful for the diagnosis, monitoring and prognostication of the disease. However, there are two different subjects for analysis, plasma/serum component and mononuclear cells (MNC). Most reports do not compare both samples from the same patients, and are biased by a retrospective manner of accrual. Therefore, it remains unclear which samples are more useful subjects. Materials and Methods: To evaluate clinical significance of peripheral blood EBV-DNA copy number for ENKL, we conducted a prospective study to analyze EBV-DNA with quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Inclusion criteria are as follows: (1) Diagnosis of ENKL or aggressive NK-cell leukemia by biopsy or cytology. (2) Patients without other serious complications and those tolerable for chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. (3) No prior history of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. (4) Patients with written informed consent. Primary endpoint was a prognostic value of EBV-DNA copy number to predict 2-year overall survival. Secondary endpoints were comparison of EBV-DNA copy number and pretreatment characteristics and prognostic capability of EBV-DNA during/after treatments. Three times of analysis, pre-treatment, mid-treatment, post-treatment, at central laboratory was to be performed for each patient. Results: A total of 33 patients were registered from June 2004 to March 2007. All patients were diagnosed with ENKL and male/female ratio was 21/12. The median age was 56 years old, ranging from 18 to 81. 19 patients were in stage IE, 3 in stage IIE, and 11 in stage IV. 13 patients had B-symptom and 14 had elevated serum LDH level. ECOG performance status was low (0–2) in 29 patients, but was 3 in 2 patients. IPI was high-intermediate/high in 11. First line treatment included concurrent chemoradiotherapy in 16, radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy in 8, and chemotherapy alone in 6. Pretreatment MNC and plasma EBV-DNA were detectable in 6 and 14 patients, respectively. The maximum copy numbers were 780 copies/microgram DNA for MNC and 71000 copies/mL for plasma. Significant correlation was observed between mononuclear and plasma EBV-DNA copies (r = 0.8741, P < 0.0001). Plasma EBV-DNA well correlated with pretreatment clinical stage (P = 0.02), presence of B-symptom (P = 0.02), ECOG PS (P = 0.02), serum LDH level (P = 0.05), and soluble IL-2 receptor (P < 0.0001), but not with regional node involvement (P = 0.17), nasal vs. nasal-type (P = 0.16), and serum C-reactive protein (P = 0.29). Among 28 patients evaluable for response, 21 patients responded (CR/PR) to the first line treatment. Mean plasma EBV-DNA copy number before treatment was significantly higher in non-responders compared to responders (16472 copies/mL vs 2645 copies/mL, P = 0.02). 2-year overall survival was 69.7%. The median follow-up of patients was 2.9 years. Clinical stage, performance status, pretreatment plasma EBV-DNA and pretreatment mononuclear cell EBV-DNA were significant prognostic factors for overall survival by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed clinical stage (hazard ratio = 9.0, 95% confidence interval: 1.8–45.0) and pretreatment plasma EBV-DNA (hazard ratio = 10.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.3–87.0) were significant prognostic factors. 2-year overall survival of plasma EBV-DNA positive and negative patients was 42.9% and 94.4%, respectively (Figure, P = 0.0009). Conclusions: Our study shows pretreatment plasma EBV-DNA copy number is a good indicator for both response to treatment and overall survival. Measurement of the plasma EBV-DNA is useful for prospective clinical trials and general practice. Disclosures: Oshimi: Eisai Pharmaceutical Company: Employment.

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Huang, Yaren, Jonas Buettner, Benedikt Lechner et Gerhard Wachutka. « The Impact of Non-Ideal Ohmic Contacts on the Performance of High-Voltage SiC MPS Diodes ». Materials Science Forum 963 (juillet 2019) : 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.963.553.

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The wide band gap of SiC semiconductor devices constitutes a serious challenge to build good Ohmic contacts on the surface of the p-type material. This is reflected in the numerical analysis of ”realistic” devices, where we have to cope with serious problems, such as a shifting threshold voltage, reduced forward conductivity, and no noticeable conductivity modulation by minority carrier injection from p+-emitters, in matching measured data with simulation results, as a consequence of the significant impact of non-ideal poor Ohmic contacts. In this work, we used a Schottky contact model together with a barrier tunneling model, instead of common ideal Ohmic contact model, to simulate the non-ideal Ohmic contact on SiC MPS diodes. Based on this approach, the I-V characteristics of real Ohmic contacts can be reproduced in high-fidelity simulations, providing us physical insight of the observed operational behavior.

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SHADKAM, ZUBAİDA, et KUTLUGJON SULTANBEK. « YESEVÎLİK ŞEYHLERİNDEN SULTAN HUBBİ KISSASININ KAZAKİSTAN NÜSHASI ». Türk Kültürü ve HACI BEKTAŞ VELİ Araştırma Dergisi 104 (3 décembre 2022) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34189/hbv.104.001.

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Works written in Eastern Turkic in Central Asia are of great importance in the field of Islamic Turkic Literature. Some of these works were written in the type of doctrine and some of them were written in the type of legend. Hagiographies have been the subject of many researchers, especially in the fields of language, literature, theology and history, both in terms of language and content. The ṣūfī-poet Hodja Aḥmad al-Yasawī (d. 562/1166), who was the founder of the Yasawī tariqa (order), had an important place in the spread of Islam among the Central Asian Turks, who deeply affected the religious-mystical life of the society. He spread Islam in the Turkestan region with his educative and instructive poems in the style of wisdom, which he said in a way that the people and his followers could understand. By followers, the Yasawī order spread to Khorasan, Azerbaijan and Anatolia from the southwest of Turkestan through the Kipchak dervishes, first starting from the Transoxiana area. In Central Asia, there are many legends about Hodja Aḥmad al-Yasawī’s legends and miracles, and his followers and dervishes also have miracles. Although there are some differences between them, these religious, mystical characters still preserve themselves in the life and belief of the people of the region. One of them is the legend of Sultan Hubbi (Ḥubbī), the son of Süleyman Bakırgani, known as Ḥakīm Ātā, one of the first successors of Hodja Aḥmad al-Yasawī. The legends of Sultan Hubbi is mentioned in the studies of researchers such as N. Tosun, Ö. Kaya and Kazakhstani researchers S. Kondybai, F. Kamalova. Our research is based on the Chagatai manuscript of the Sultan Hubbi legend found in Kazakhstan. The life, miracles of Sultan Hubbi, the 3rd son of Ḥakīm Ātā Süleyman Bakırgani, who played an important role in the spread of the Yasawī order in Mangistau and according to some researchers, in Turkmensahra, with the underground mosque, valley and well of Sultan Hubbi in Mangistau. It is aimed to give information about the common rumours. In this direction, the methods of compiling, examining, translation and evaluation of scientific studies and articles published on the subject will be used. Our aim is to introduce the Almaty/Kazakhstan with the copy of the Kıssa-i Sultan Hubbi manuscript, which is one of the historical texts written in Eastern Turkic (Chagatai), which was not reached and unknown for a long time during the Soviet Union period, with the thought that it could contribute to the research of the Turkic world. Keywords: Hagiographies, Yasawīsm, Ḥakīm Ātā, Sultan Hubbi, Kazakhstan.

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Witkowski, Terrence H. « Visualizing Winchester : a brand history through iconic Western images ». Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 10, n^o 4 (19 novembre 2018) : 383–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-09-2017-0053.

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Purpose This paper aims to present a visually documented brand history of Winchester Repeating Arms through a cultural analysis of iconic Western images featuring its lever action rifles. Design/methodology/approach The study applies visual culture perspectives and methods to the research and writing of brand history. Iconic Western images featuring Winchester rifles have been selected, examined, and used as points of departure for gathering and interpreting additional data about the brand. The primary sources consist chiefly of photographs from the nineteenth century and films and television shows from the twentieth century. Most visual source materials were obtained from the US Library of Congress, the Smithsonian Institution, the Buffalo Bill Center of the West and the Internet Movie Firearms Database. These have been augmented by written sources. Findings Within a few years of the launch of the Winchester brand in 1866, visual images outside company control associated its repeating rifles with the settlement of the American West and with the colorful people involved. Some of these images were reproduced in books and others sold to consumers in the form of cartes de visite, cabinet cards and stereographs made from albumen prints. Starting in the 1880s, the live Wild West shows of William F. Cody and his stars entertained audiences with a heroic narrative of the period that included numerous Winchesters. During the twentieth century and into the present, Winchesters have been featured in motion pictures and television series with Western themes. Research limitations/implications Historical research is an ongoing process. The discovery of new primary data, both written and visual, may lead to a revised interpretation of the selected images. Originality/value Based largely on images as primary data sources, this study approaches brand history from the perspective of visual culture theory and data. The research shows how brands acquire meaning not just from the companies that own them but also from consumers, the media and other producers of popular culture.

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Steinkamp, Jackson, Jacob J. Kantrowitz et Subha Airan-Javia. « Prevalence and Sources of Duplicate Information in the Electronic Medical Record ». JAMA Network Open 5, n^o 9 (26 septembre 2022) : e2233348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33348.

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ImportanceDuplicated text is a well-documented hazard in electronic medical records (EMRs), leading to wasted clinician time, medical error, and burnout. This study hypothesizes that text duplication is prevalent and increases with time and EMR size and that duplicate information is shared across authors.ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence and scope of duplication behavior in clinical notes from a large academic health system and the factors associated with duplication.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of note length and content duplication rates used a set of 10 adjacent word tokens (ie, a 10-gram) sliding-window approach to identify spans of text duplicated exactly from earlier notes in a patient’s record for all inpatient and outpatient notes written within the University of Pennsylvania Health System from January 1, 2015, through December 31, 2020. Text duplicated from a different author vs text duplicated from the same author was quantified. Furthermore, novel text and duplicated text per author for various note types and author types, as well as per patient record by number of notes in the record, were quantified. Information scatter, another documentation hazard, was defined as the inverse of novel text per note, and the association between information duplication and information scatter was graphed. Data analysis was performed from January to March 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresTotal, novel, and duplicate text by note type and note author were determined, as were the mean intra-author and inter-author duplication per note by type and author.ResultsThere were a total of 104 456 653 notes for 1 960 689 unique patients consisting of 32 991 489 889 words; 50.1% of the total text in the record (16 523 851 210 words) was duplicated from prior text written about the same patient. The duplication fraction increased year-over-year, from 33.0% for notes written in 2015 to 54.2% for notes written in 2020. Of the text duplicated, 54.1% came from text written by the same author, whereas 45.9% was duplicated from a different author. Records with more notes had more total duplicate text, approaching 60%. Note types with high information scatter tended to have low information overload, and vice versa, suggesting a trade-off between these 2 hazards under the current documentation paradigm.Conclusions and RelevanceDuplicate text casts doubt on the veracity of all information in the medical record, making it difficult to find and verify information in day-to-day clinical work. The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that text duplication is a systemic hazard, requiring systemic interventions to fix, and simple solutions such as banning copy-paste may have unintended consequences, such as worsening information scatter. The note paradigm should be further examined as a major cause of duplication and scatter, and alternative paradigms should be evaluated.

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Nainggolan, Bernard. « LISENSI PENGUMUMAN LAGU ATAU MUSIK DALAM PERSFEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA ». to-ra 2, n^o 1 (1 mai 2016) : 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/tora.v2i1.1119.

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The right to announce song or music, Which called in international with the performing rights or the public performance right is a part from economic right the creator of song or music. When its parsed, the right to announce consist of broadcast right, demonstrating right, announcing or utters right, as well to communicate song or musci right to the public. If so in announced right song or music bring in economic benefits to the creator of song or music, therefore needs to be given license to the user citizen song or music. However, in giving those license, might be effective, needs to be presence any institution License of principle and Collector Royalty in togetherness, that called as Collective Management Organization (CMO). Practically that has been held this periode in Indonesia, the granting of announcement license song or music is not doing by the creator or the holder copy right, but the State Public Institution (LMK) in blanket license form. So, State Public Institution with handing the representative letter from the creator of song or music giving license to useful song or music, to collect the Royalty, and then to distributing the Royalty to the people who has authority. At the view of private law, the announcement license of song or music is like an agreement what ought to have maded in written form. Its can not consist of rules which is able to harmful the state economic dan can not contain s of many things that contrast with the rule of laws. In other hand, that can be binding to the third side, therefore these license agreement of copy right must be noted in the Ministry of Law and Human Rights Indonesian Republic of Indonesia, the Directorate General of Intelctual Riches. Thereby the announcement of license song or music based on to the Private law include Formal Agreement type and from the management is an Annonymous Agreement (Onbenoemnde contract) or General Agreement type. Keywords: lisensi; pengumuman lagu atau musik

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Zuhri, Dina Nur Farikha. « KARAKTERISTIK DAN ANALISIS TEKS NASKAH “TAFSIR JALĀLAYN 1” KOLEKSI PERPUSTAKAAN MASJID JAMI’ LASEM ». AL ITQAN : Jurnal Studi Al-Qur'an 7, n^o 1 (20 juin 2021) : 137–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47454/itqan.v7i1.747.

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This study examines the manuscript copy of the Tafsir Jalālayn 1 from the library collection of the Masjid Jami` Lasem, Rembang district. This research uses both philological and codicological approaches. This research tried to reveal the historical aspects of the manuscript (codicology) and to reveal the characteristics of the text of the manuscript. The historical aspect of this manuscript cannot be revealed because, the researcher failed to find sources from internal manuscripts such as colophons, or other records that can provide clues. There are also no illuminations that can be used as clues to reveal the possible origin of the area where this manuscript was written. However, the identification of the type of paper used in the manuscript gives an early indication that paper was produced at the end of the 17th century. The existence of translation using the interlinear translation (Makna Gandul) and the use of several symbols such as utawi indicate the possibility of this manuscript being copied for learning purposes or even the possibility of further study with evidence there are several notes as comments of Tafsir Jalālayn quoted from several tafsir books such as Anwār al-Tanzīl by al-Baiḍawiy.

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Pino, Julio César. « Sources on the History of Favelas in Rio de Janeiro ». Latin American Research Review 32, n^o 3 (1997) : 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100038061.

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The favelas of Rio de Janeiro, with their teeming masses trapped in misery, constitute the perfect site for investigating how social inequality is reproduced in Brazil. The latest survey of the shantytowns, conducted by the Instituto de Planejamento in Rio de Janeiro (IPLAN-Rio) reported that as of 1991, the city contained 661 favelas housing 962,793 persons in 239,678 shacks. The squatter settlements recreate in miniature but distorted form the entire history of modern Rio de Janeiro. The first squatter settlement was built in 1898 in Rio by Bahian veterans of the military campaign against mystic rebel Antonio Conselheiro. Yet only when the housing crisis of the 1940s forced the urban poor to erect hundreds of shantytowns in the suburbs did favelas replace tenements as the main type of residence for destitute Cariocas (residents of Rio). The explosive era of favela growth dates from 1940, when Getúlio Vargas's industrialization drive pulled hundreds of thousands of migrants into the Federal District, until 1970, when shantytowns expanded beyond urban Rio and into the metropolitan periphery. Even today, the favelas remain an officially unrecognized and illegal part of city. For this reason, many researchers assume that the shantytowns have no written history and that historians must rely on anecdotal evidence from residents for information on squatter life.

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UZ, Özkan. « On the Example of a Newly Found Prose Ihtilac-name ». Akademik Dil ve Edebiyat Dergisi 6, n^o 2 (30 août 2022) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.34083/akaded.1141089.

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Using various fortune-telling methods to get information about the future is an action that people have been doing for hundreds of years. The texts describing fortune-telling date back to the first written works of Turkish literature. The event of waiting for news from the future as a result of seyirme or ihtilac, which is a product of the tradition, has an anonymous feature in this respect. Inferences about watching are generally based on names such as Cafer-i Sadık, İskender and Danyal. The manuscript that will be discussed in this article is of the type of ikhlâc-nâme, which is a kind of fortune-telling book. Based on the twitches in the human body, these kinds of works that make interpretations about the future of the person appear as a separate book or among various other books. The work we are examining in this study is a prose written in prose and registered in the Manuscripts catalog of Ankara University Faculty of Theology. This work, with 129 twitches belonging to 119 limbs, is an example of an ikhlâc-nâme that can be considered medium volume. In this article, the Latin script of the work will be tried to be revealed and will be compared with some recent studies in terms of content. In addition, the remarkable language and spelling features in the text will be mentioned. A manuscript copy of the work will be added at the end of the article.

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Miljkovic, Bojan. « The Serbian emperor Stefan's icon from the Hilandar monastery ». Zbornik radova Vizantoloskog instituta, n^o 43 (2006) : 319–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zrvi0643319m.

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The Story of the miracle-working icons of the Hilandar monastery, written down in 1558/9 in Moscow, contains an interesting legend about the processional icon of the Mother of God Abramiotis(s)a with Christ and the representation of the Prophet Elijah on the background, still kept in the treasury of the Serbian monastery on the Holy Mountain. According to the legend, this icon, which was taken from Bitolj by the Serbian ruler Stefan Dusan, played the decisive role in the Serbian conquest of Serres in 1345. This Mother of God with Christ belongs to the rare Pelagonitissa type and it used to have revetment. To judge by its later copies, the icon was held in high reverence on the Serbian Court and later in the Hilandar monastery where the legend says the Serbian imperial couple brought it on the occasion of their visit to the Holy Mountain in 1347/8. On the basis of its style, the icon can be dated around the middle of the 14th century and it is a copy of the older and now non-existent Mother of God from Bitolj. However, the iconographic type was in existence also independently of Pelagonia, and it is safe to assume that its sources were probably in Constantinople. The unique epithet of the Hilandar icon also points to the Capital, or, more precisely to the monastery tSv AppocuiTrov, as the place of origin. In the second half of the 9th and in the 10th century, this monastery treasured a venerated icon of the Mother of God which was considered as Acheiropoietos. Nothing is known about the appearance of this icon, unless the Hilandar icon, dealt with in the present paper, represents its replica. The miracle-working icon of Pelagonitissa from Bitolj was probably treasured in the city cathedral, i.e. in the seat of the Pelagonian bishopric, dedicated to the Virgin, up to the Ottoman conquest and subsequent destruction of the town in 1385.

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JACOB, URI. « Chevalier mult estes guariz and the ‘pre-chansonnier’ vernacular lyric ». Plainsong and Medieval Music 30, n^o 2 (octobre 2021) : 119–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0961137121000115.

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ABSTRACTChansonniers copied from the thirteenth and the fourteenth centuries are the earliest extant sources to include an extensive corpus of lyrics in European vernacular languages. However, contemporary literary sources refer to the existence of earlier books of vernacular lyrics, and a handful of notated lyrics survive from as early as the twelfth century. This article explores a certain type of notated song that predates the relatively well-documented chansonnier tradition by some decades, specifically focusing on the case study of the crusader recruitment song Chevalier mult estes guariz (RS 1548a), composed around the mid-1140s. Probably the earliest extant copy of an Old French lyric (with or without musical notation), this unicum is distinct from songs of the kind preserved in the chansonniers in several respects, especially in its musical form, its manuscript appearance and its intended use in the Middle Ages. I examine this song from several angles, including its crusading theme, provenance, authorship, manuscript presentation, musical construction, intended audience, and the broader contexts of its composition and copying. Such close examination of a single song not only offers insights into the context of an early tradition of written-out vernacular monophony but also casts new light on the origins of the later chansonnier tradition.

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Luz, Menahem. « Socrates’ Burial in Plato and Euclides ». International Journal of the Platonic Tradition 16, n^o 1 (14 mars 2022) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18725473-bja10019.

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Abstract In Phaedo 115c-e Socrates scornfully rebukes Crito for enquiring how Socrates should be buried for Crito had not been persuaded by the previous arguments that burying Socrates’ body is not equal to burying Socrates. A parallel account is found in Aelian (Var. Hist.I. 16. 4-5) and Diogenes Laertius (D.L. II. 35) where Apollodorus is rebuked for attempting to persuade Socrates that he should be bothered how his remains would be clothed when laid out. Several scholars have suggested this should not be considered a copy of Plato but an early proto-type written by one of his contemporaries with particular regard to Euclides of Megara. While this thesis has been criticized, further evidence will be examined in this article (Stob. IV. xxxv.33) where the character of Apollodorus cites an unnamed Megarian examining this same argument but with conclusions different from those in Plato. Here the Megarian concludes that though the body may be separate from the soul we still show care and grief for the remains. The argument is both cogent and non-metaphysical in approach but characterized from a Socratic perspective. In the conclusions, I will attempt to reopen the case for a Euclidean origin of the Crito vignette in Phaedo 115c-e.

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Mahjour, Seyed Babak, Kazunori Gomi, Samir Rustam, Phurbu Dolma, Jamuna Krishnan, Olivier Elemento, Frank D’Ovidio, Timothy S. Blackwell, Scott Randell et Renat Shaykhiev. « 3055 Reconstruction of Patient-specific Distal Airway Regeneration Patterns in COPD ». Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 3, s1 (mars 2019) : 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2019.352.

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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The objective of this study was to reconstruct patient-specific distal airway patterns at the tissue- and single-cell resolution and develop personalized distal airway models based on utilization of patient-derived DABCs and autologous region-specific stromal cells. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Patient-specific distal airway units, containing parental small bronchiole (<2 mm in diameter, >12th generation) and daughter airway branches, including pre-terminal/terminal bronchioles, leading to alveoli (3-7 units/lung), were dissected. Epithelial and stromal cells were isolated from these units and processed for ddSeq single-cell RNA-sequencing (n=6 samples). Autologous DABCs and stromal cells were isolated, propagated, biobanked, and used for establishment of patient-specific distal airway models (3D-organoids and air-liquid interface-based airway wall model; n=10 samples). Region-specific tissue patterns were evaluated using immunofluorescence and laser-capture microdissection (LCM; n=6 samples). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Single-cell-based human distal airway transcriptome map (constructed based on the analysis of >6,500 distal airway cells obtained from 6 subjects) identified physiological and COPD-relevant distal airway differentiation patterns, including distal airway-specific secretory phenotype (DASP) characterized with high expression of secretoglobins 3A2 and 3A1, surfactant proteins SFTPB and SFTPA2, and mucin 1, unique signatures of DABCs, and stromal (fibroblasts, smooth muscle, endothelial cell subpopulations) and immune (macrophage, T cells, B cell, mast cells). Immunofluorescence analysis and LCM confirmed distribution of cell type-specific markers with differential expression patterns of DABC and DASP signatures. Patient-derived DABC-stromal co-culture models reproduced 3 regenerative patterns: 1) physiological (high DABC-clonogenic potency, establishment of polarized differentiated organoids and DASP-expressing epithelia); 2) hypo-regenerative (failure of DABCs to form clones, spheres and mechanically stable differentiated epithelial barrier); and 3) hyperplastic (generation of DABC hyperplasia accompanied in some COPD samples by mucous-cell hyperplasia mimicking in vivo remodeling patterns). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Patient-specific maps and models of distal airway regeneration patterns have been established in this study, which can be used to identify candidate pathways that mediate disease-relevant airway remodeling and potentially utilized as pre-clinical platforms for developing personalized therapeutic approaches to suppress the progression of distal airway remodeling in chronic lung diseases, including COPD.

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Kledzik, Emilia. « „Panowie ! Za co nas będziecie wybijać?”. Wołyńskie wspomnienia rodziny Krzyżanowskich w relacji Jerzego Ficowskiego ». Narracje o Zagładzie, n^o 6 (21 novembre 2020) : 165–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/noz.2020.06.09.

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The article presents wartime memories of the families Krzyżanowski (after the war: Dębicki), Wajs, and Siwiak that were written down by Jerzy Ficowski in the late 1940s and early1950s, and subsequently reprinted in consecutive versions of his monographs on Polish Romani people (Cyganie polscy. Szkice historyczno-obyczajowe and Cyganie na polskich drogach) and in his memoirs entitled Demony cudzego strachu. Wspominki cygańskie [The Demons of Other People’s Fears. The Gypsy Reminiscences]. The discussed narratives relate to experiences from Volhynia of the years 1942–1945. The article’s aim is to indicate the type and scope of alternations that Ficowski made while editing the memoirs in consecutive publications. A handwritten copy kept in archive is treated by the author of the article as the base version. The differences between the successive versions were divided into four groups: stylizations, fictionalizations, erasures and additions, ethnographical issues. What results from the conclusions of the presented analysis is the memoirs published by Ficowski no longer enjoying its status as a historical source relating to/pertaining to the wartime events in Volhynia. To the contrary, they are a testimony to the selfcensorship mechanisms implemented by Ficowski, who kept in mind the specificity of majoritydominated society members being the primary readership of his books on the Romani people.

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Mutakin, Ali, et Lusi Marwati. « Analisis Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Putusan No.0253/Pdt.P/2016/Pa.Pbg Tentang Dispensasi Pernikahan ». Tasyri' : Journal of Islamic Law 1, n^o 1 (11 janvier 2022) : 45–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.53038/tsyr.v1i1.2.

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Marriage dispensation is the granting of the right by the Religious Courts to a person to marry even though they have not reached the minimum age for marriage, if the situation "requires" and there is no other option. In an effort to grant a marriage dispensation, the Religious Courts are required to provide considerations that prioritize the concept of maslahah, namely considerations of goodness and rejecting harm (madharat) in society. This article aims to analyze the decision no.0253/Pdt.P/2016/PA.Pbg regarding marriage dispensation. The type of research used is a normative legal research model (doctrinal). The primary data source used is a copy of the decision of the religious court no. 0253/Pdt.P/2016/PA.Pbg, while the secondary data are books, journal articles related to the discussion theme. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis, where the data obtained were described and then analyzed. The findings of this article are some of the considerations that become the judge's reference in determining decision no. 0253/Pdt.P/2016/PA.Pbg are 1) based on Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. 2) based on written evidence and statements from the two witnesses. 3) based on the true benefit.

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Baranova, S. I. « Interiors of Moscow Palaces of the Second Half of the XVIIth Century : Experience of Inventory-Taking ». Izvestia Ural Federal University Journal Series 1. Issues in Education, Science and Culture 27, n^o 2 (2021) : 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv1.2021.27.2.039.

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The article is dedicated to investigation of the palaces’ interiors of the XVIIth century. No genuine palace interior of that time has survived in Russia; therefore, inventories of palaces including the wooden palace which was built in Kolomenskoye are analysed. The goal of the study is to check the possibility of interiors’ visualization on the basis of detailed criss-cross study of documents, pictures and authentic items presented by archaeological findings from museum collections. Both published as and unpublished materials were considered by author. The earlier attempts of such reconstructions took place and were successful in their own ways. However, the researchers restricted themselves with the information contained in written sources. A critical analysis of those attempts is provided. In general, involvement of the survived items and rare pictures as analogues used for saturation of interiors of the 17th and the 18th centuries with items was tested as early as in 2010s when interiors in a copy of the palace in Kolomenskoye were restored in nature. Such experiment in itself demands understanding and scientific substantiation, that is related to a source study task. One of the way to solve it is to evaluate the very possibility of forming of complete inventories of the modern type for palaces’ interiors of the XVII-early XVIII centuries.

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Sanda, Naomi, Nobuaki Suzuki, Mayuko Kishimoto, Natsumi Kameyama, Yoko Kajiura, Hiroyuki Matsumoto, Shigeo Nakamura et Tadashi Matsushita. « Establishment of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells from a Type 3 Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) Patient with a Neutralizing Anti-VWF Inhibitors ». Blood 124, n^o 21 (6 décembre 2014) : 1508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1508.1508.

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Abstract Background: Type 3 von Willebrand disease (VWD) is characterized by a complete loss type of von Willebrand Factor (VWF) with the rarest disease frequency and hemorrhagic symptom is the most severe among other VWD types. The development of alloantibodies directed against VWF occurs in approximately 10% of patients with type 3 VWD. In this study, we found the VWF gene alterations and established blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) a from a Japanese type 3 VWD patient with an anti-VWF inhibitors. Case: A 5-year-old woman suffered from epistaxis, purpura and easy bruising and has been diagnosed as VWD. Her plasma level of FVIII:C was 1.8% and VWF:Ag and VWF:RCo was <5% and <10%, respectively. Her plasma lacked VWF multimers, indicating that she had type 3 VWD. To treat her frequent muco-cutaneous bleeding, purified plasma-derived FVIII/VWF concentrates were administrated followed by inhibitor development. After about 20ED of FVIII/VWF concentrates, an anaphylactic symptom comprised of cough, dyspnea, and wheezing developed at the time of dosing. An high titer inhibitory antibody against VWF was confirmed by a Bethesda assay based on a assay of VWF:RCo. Her younger sister also had type 3 VWD. Methods: Patients samples were collected after the written informed consent has bee obtained. We performed MLPA for genetic deletion or insertion. Then we amplified the all exons including the exon/intron boundaries of the VWF gene by PCR using allele-specific primers, and analyzed DNA sequences of the patient. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from the patient and BOECs were then established. Briefly, buffy coat mononuclear cells were isolated and seeded onto a 6-well tissue culture plate precoated with type 1 rat tail collagen at 37°C, 5% CO2, in a humidified incubator. Medium was changed daily for 7 days and then every other day until the first passage. The endothelial identity of the BOECs was confirmed by flow cytometric and immunofluorescence analyses using endothelial markers with antibodies to CD31, VE-Cadherin (CD144) and VEGFR-2 (CD309). Results: The large deletion and insertion of VWF gene were not found. Direct sequencing showed the propositus and her sister were compound heterozygous for an E2341X (c.7021G>T) mutation in exon41 and a Y2631X (c.7892-7893insA) mutation in exon48. These were therefore two novel nonsense mutations and normal VWF polypeptides could not be translated. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that established BOECs expressed cell surface CD31 and CD309, whereas CD34 was not detected. By immunofluorescence analysis of fixed BOECs, VWF signal was remarkably reduced from the patient, in spite of normal VE-Cadherin expression. VWF specific ELISA was performed for both cell supernatant and lysates of patient’s BOECs but immunodetectable VWF was not secreted. Discussion: We identified two novel nonsense mutations causing type3 VWD. BOECs established from the patient reproduced the phenotype of the disease, suggesting that BOEC analysis is useful for studying the molecular pathogenesis of von Willebrand disease. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Tatulych, Iryna. « Electronic evidence as a means of evidence in civil proceedings ». Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, n^o 1 (15 avril 2020) : 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.1.2020.43.

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The article deals with the analysis of electronic evidence as a new means of evidence in civil proceedings. Due to the constant changes of the information environment and the improvement of information technologies there arises the question of consolidating the evidence obtained in the information space. The example of this evidence is the electronic evidence that provides information in electronic (digital) form containing information about the circumstances that matter to the case. There is defined, for the first time, the electronic evidence and the procedure for its submission and investigation at the legislative level. In procedural law such innovations are one of the means of achieving the effectiveness of civil justice, as they facilitate the full, comprehensive consideration and resolution of a civil lawsuit, the establishment of the true circumstances of the case, and the adoption of lawful and grounded decisions by courts, which is the purpose of civil justice. Electronic evidence is submitted to the court in three ways: in the original, in the electronic copy certified by an electronic digital signature, in paper copies, certified in the manner prescribed by law. Besides, the party submitting a copy of the electronic evidence must indicate that he/ she or some other person has the original of the electronic evidence. It is the responsibility of the claimant to attach to the statement of claim all the evidence available to support the circumstances on which the claim is based (if written or electronic evidence is provided, the claimant may attach a copy of the relevant evidence to the statement of claim). The claimant can submit electronic evidence using the Unified Court Information and Telecommunication System. In the article, there are highlighted the issues of the concept, nature and types of electronic evidence, the views of scientists on the features and significance of electronic evidence in civil proceedings. Moreover, the article focuses on problematic issues that the legislator should regulate to ensure that participants of the case are able to submit electronic evidence to court and implement their constitutional right to judicial protection. To reach these goals there were analyzed the views of scientists who investigated this type evidence. Unfortunately, the current CCP of Ukraine and other by-laws regulating the Institute of Electronic Evidence do not provide answers to many questions about the use of evidence from purely technical to legal ones. The legislator limited the work only to the general principles of applying a new type of evidence. Therefore, the judicial practice today is controversial when deciding whether electronic evidence is admissible and appropriate. Also in the article there is analyzed the judicial practice regarding the presentation of electronic evidence as the means of evidence to the court by the parties of the case. According to the results of theoretical study, there were made some suggestions to improve the civil procedural legislation of Ukraine.

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Carpenter, Chris. « System Equilibrium Results in Zero Flaring During Offloading ». Journal of Petroleum Technology 74, n^o 04 (1 avril 2022) : 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0422-0048-jpt.

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30655, “Effective Boiled-Off-Gas/Fuel-Gas Balance Between Floating Liquefaction Facilities and Carrier Resulting in Zero Flaring During Offloading,” by Kinfai Wong and Rose Sapinah Hashim, Petronas, and Yosuke Yamamoto, JGC, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. Achievement of zero flaring during liquefied natural gas (LNG) offloading operations is governed by many factors. The proper management of the balance of fuel gas and boiled-off gas (BOG) between the floating LNG (FLNG) facility and the LNG carrier (LNGC) is critical during offloading to ensure that the system reaches equilibrium, leading to zero flaring. The complete paper details a process study to identify potential causes of flaring during LNG offtake and corrective measures to accomplish zero flaring without any capital plant modification. The study is applicable only for offloading operations to LNGCs with spherical Type B LNG tanks. Introduction PFLNG Satu (referred to hereafter as PFLNG1) performs LNG offloading to an LNGC on a monthly basis. This is known as an offloading mode of operations, in which the LNGC is moored at the PFLNG1 facilities and LNG is transferred from storage tanks to the LNGC. The LNG in the storage tank is transferred to the LNGC by three liquid-offloading arms, while the vapor return from the LNGC is recovered by a single vapor-return arm. Multiple gas-flaring incidents were observed with PFLNG1’s fuel-gas system because of an imbalance in the fuel-gas flow in the system during offloading operations.

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Ackerman, Laurie L., Daniel H. Fulkerson, Andrew Jea et Jodi L. Smith. « Parent/guardian knowledge regarding implanted shunt type, setting, and symptoms of malfunction/infection ». Journal of Neurosurgery : Pediatrics 21, n^o 4 (avril 2018) : 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.9.peds17253.

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OBJECTIVEPatients with shunts often interact with providers distant from their primary hospital, making it important that the parent(s)/guardian(s) is well versed in the type of shunt implanted and symptoms of malfunction/infection. This is particularly important with magnetic-sensitive programmable valves, as the use of MRI becomes more prevalent.METHODSOver a 6-month period, primary caregivers of 148 consecutive patients who received shunts were prospectively administered questionnaires at clinic visits. Caregivers were asked to do the following: 1) identify shunt valve name, type, and setting if applicable; 2) list symptoms of shunt malfunction/infection; and 3) indicate whether they had access to references regarding shunt type/setting, booklets from the Hydrocephalus Association, and quick reference cards with symptoms of shunt malfunction/infection. One cohort of caregivers (n = 75) was asked to carry informational cards with shunt valve/setting information (group I); this cohort was compared with another subgroup of caregivers (n = 73) not carrying cards (group II).RESULTSThe mean (± SD) age of patients at implantation/revision was 3.71 ± 4.91 years, and the age at follow-up was 6.12 ± 5.4 years. The average time from surgery to administration of the questionnaire was 2.38 ± 3.22 years. There were 86 new shunt insertions and 62 revisions. One hundred twenty-eight caregivers (87%) could identify the type of valve (programmable vs nonprogrammable). On the other hand, only 72 caregivers (49%) could identify the valve name. Fifty-four of 73 (74%) caregivers of patients who had shunts with programmable valves could correctly identify the valve setting. One hundred caregivers (68%) had a copy of the Hydrocephalus Association booklet, and 103 (70%) had quick reference cards. Eighty caregivers (54%) had references on shunt type/setting. Most caregivers (127 [86%]) could name ≥ 3 signs/symptoms of shunt malfunction, with vomiting (61%), headache (49%), and sleeps more/lethargic (35%) most frequently reported. Caregivers of patients in group I were more likely to have cards with symptoms of shunt infection or malfunction (p = 0.015); have information cards regarding shunt type/setting (p < 0.001); and correctly identify valve type (p = 0.001), name (p < 0.001), and setting if programmable (p = 0.0016). There were no differences in ability to list symptoms of shunt malfunction or infection (p = 0.8812) or in access to Hydrocephalus Association booklets (p = 0.1288). There were no significant demographic differences between the groups, except that group I patients had a shorter time from surgery to last follow-up (1.66 vs 3.17 years; p = 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSEducation regarding the care of patients with shunts by providing written cards with shunt type/setting and access to reference materials seems to be effective. Developing plans for guided instruction with assessment in the clinic setting of a caregiver’s knowledge is important for patient safety.

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Vambe, Maurice Taonezvi. « Hypertextuality and the Economic Novel in Zimbabwe ». Matatu 49, n^o 2 (20 décembre 2017) : 400–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-04902009.

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Abstract Recent surges and advances in the popular use of electronic technology such as Internet, email, iPad, iPhone, and touch-screens in Africa have opened up great communicative possibilities among ordinary people whose voices were previously marginalized in traditional elitist media. People far apart geographically and living in different times can communicate rapidly and with great ease. This technological revolution has challenged and broken down boundaries of dependence on television, newspapers, and novels, the traditional forms of communication. It is now possible to upload a novel onto an iPad and read it as one moves from place to place. The burden of carrying hard copies is relieved but not eradicated; in most African countries, including Zimbabwe (the centre of focus in the present article), the creative work of art or hard copy of a novel is still relied upon as source of information. There are creative, experimental innovations in the novel form in Zimbabwe which to some extent can justify one’s speaking of a hypertextual novel. This new type of novel incorporates multiple narratives, and sometimes deliberately uses genres such as the email form as a constitutive narrative style that confirms as well as destabilizes previous assumptions of single coherent stories told from one point of view. Using the concepts of hypertextuality, intertextuality, and Bakhtin’s notions of carnivalesque and heteroglossia in speech and written utterances, this article reconsiders the implications of the presence of ideologies of hypertextuality in one novel from Zimbabwe, Nyaradzo Mtizira’s The Chimurenga Protocol (2008). The article argues that the multiplicity of narratives constitutes the hypertextual dimension of the novelistic form.

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Maghlouth, Shrouq Al. « Metaphorical Analysis of Discourse on Early Saudi Attempts to Include Women in Unconventional Work Environments ». GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 9, n^o 1 (3 mars 2021) : 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2021.9.1(1).

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Objective - This paper examines empirically the discourse on social change as represented in gender-related posts on English blogs written by Saudi bloggers. Slightly more than a decade ago, Saudi women were allowed and encouraged by the government to work in unconventional work environments (outside the fields of education and health care); this stirred controversy across the country. Methodology/Technique – This analysis is based on an understanding of discourse as both shaping and being shaped by social and cognitive contexts. In so doing, it approaches the data from a socio-cognitive perspective with a focus on the mental models underlying the discursive representations at hand. The adopted methodology is based on metaphor analysis due to the inherently cognitive nature of metaphors. Consequently, an eclectic approach combining insights from conceptual metaphor theory and critical theory analysis is used. Finding – Data analysis reveals two main findings. First, change is constructed cognitively as challenging and demanding for both women aspiring to work in unconventional professions and their supporters on authoritative and non-authoritative levels. This, however, clashes with the second finding, as in these blogs women are metaphorically constructed in an objectifying and victimizing manner. Novelty – Such a mismatch calls for a careful examination of some gender constraining cognitive constructions as they are, surprisingly, constructed and reproduced even within discourse attempting to empower women. Type of Paper: Empirical. JEL Classification: M14, Q56 Keywords: Social Change; Critical Discourse Analysis; Women’s Empowerment; Metaphor Analysis Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Maghlouth, S.A. (2021). Metaphorical Analysis of Discourse on Early Saudi Attempts to Include Women in Unconventional Work Environments, GATR Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 9(1): 01 – 09. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2021.9.1(1)

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Okuma, Hitomi Sumiyoshi, Kan Yonemori, Takuji Seo, Emi Noguchi, Keiko Wakakuwa, Ken Kato, Hitoshi Ichikawa et al. « Circulating tumor DNA molecular profiling in rare cancer patients from the MASTER KEY Project. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, n^o 15_suppl (20 mai 2019) : e14532-e14532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e14532.

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e14532 Background: In April 2017, MASTER KEY Project, composed of a prospective registry study part and a multiple clinical trials part, was established to promote treatment development for rare cancers, which is lacking standard or investigational therapeutic options. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis by next-generation sequencing (NGS) has provided new insight into personalized medicine in a more accessible, non-invasive manner; however, most reports are focused on common cancers. We report genetic alterations detected by ctDNA NGS analysis in rare solid cancers. Methods: Prospectively consented patients (pts), also enrolled in MASTER KEY registry study, had ctDNA NGS testing at a CLIA-certified lab (Guardant360) for point mutations, indels, copy number amplifications, fusions, and microsatellite instability. Alterations were assessed for incidence according to cancer type, functional impact, therapeutic implications, and comparison with tissue NGS. Main inclusion criteria: 1) age ≥16, 2) histological diagnosis of rare cancer (annual incidence less than 6 cases per 100,000 population), cancer of unknown primary (CUP), or rare tissue subtypes of common cancers, 3) active metastatic / unresectable cancer, 4) a written consent. Results: From Nov. 2018 to Jan 2019, 50 pts had Guardant360 testing. Diseases included: soft tissue sarcoma (28), ovarian carc. (7), CUP (4), salivary gland tumor (3), thyroid carc. (2), GIST (1), adrenal cortical carc. (1), rare subtype of GI tract (1), malignant mesothelioma (1), nephroblastoma (1), NET (1), NUT carc. (1). All Japanese, male/female = 14/36, median age 61, ECOG performance status 0/1/2/3 = 30/19/0/1. 76% of pts (38/50) had ≥1 alteration detected, with median number of 2 alterations (range: 0-9), with VAF(0.1-60.3%); 87%(33/38) of those pts had a variant most likely pathogenic; 61% (20/33) of those pts had a variant potential for clinical action. Mean TAT was 10.3 days. 19 pts had tissue NGS testing and in 3 pts, alterations were detected by ctDNA NGS but not by tissue NGS. Updated results of 100 patients will be presented at the conference. Conclusions: Most rare cancer patients with advanced disease had a detectable genomic alteration by Guardant360. Clinical trial information: UMIN000034394.

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Ma, Li, Erich Peterson, Mathew Steliga, Jason Muesse, Katy Marino, Konstantinos Arnaoutakis, Ikjae Shin et Donald J. Johann. « Abstract 5038 : Applying reproducible genomic data science methods for the analysis of a rare tumor type ». Cancer Research 82, n^o 12_Supplement (15 juin 2022) : 5038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5038.

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Abstract Background: The new and emerging discipline of data science demands reproducibility, which is vital in science and presents a significant challenge for high throughput genomics. To further complicate matters, large and complex projects require collaboration by multiple investigators examining and analyzing the massive data of multiple genomic modalities from different perspectives. Today, researchers are rarely able to reproduce published genomic studies for a variety of reasons, for example: i) differences between versions of software used, ii) lack of detail regarding software parameters, iii) lack of data access, and iv) source code not provided. Here we combine our data infrastructure approach with a molecular infrastructure and apply it to the exploration of a multimodality genomic analysis of a patient with a pulmonary pneumocytoma. Methods: Open source methods are utilized that include the SQLite database with R and python packages and custom code. Results: Our approach is able to generate a wide variety of plots and tables for the purposes of exploratory data analysis (EDA) and/or other user-specific analyses, such as finding differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In addition to traditional EDA plots, the R library RCircos is used to visualize multiple NGS studies (eg, 7) in single plot. Differential gene expression (DGE) analysis takes normalized RNA-based read count data and performs a statistical analysis, to find quantitative changes in expression levels between different experimental groups. A DGE analysis report is routinely generated. An abbreviated copy number variation (CNV) report derived from an ultra-low-pass whole genome (tumor/germline) NGS approach is also generated. A Python/Jupyter Notebook utilizing a library from scikit-learn is used to generate a clustergram plot. This approach is used as part of finding the optimal number of clusters for a K-Means analysis. RNA-seq data normalized across three sample types using DESeq2 were used in this example. Finally, advanced pathway analysis is performed for the identification of activated and deactivated molecular pathways. Conclusion: The next evolution in oncology research and cancer care are being driven by data science. In the field of genomic data science, accuracy and reproducibility remains a considerable challenge due to the sheer size, complexity, and dynamic nature of the experimental data plus relative inventiveness of the quantitative biology approaches. The accuracy and reproducibility challenge does not just block the path to new scientific discoveries, more importantly, it may lead to a scenario where critical findings used for medical decision making are found to be incorrect. Our approach has been developed to meet the unmet need of improving accuracy and reproducibility in genomic data science. Specific findings related to the rare pneumocytoma tumor will be presented. Citation Format: Li Ma, Erich Peterson, Mathew Steliga, Jason Muesse, Katy Marino, Konstantinos Arnaoutakis, Ikjae Shin, Donald J. Johann. Applying reproducible genomic data science methods for the analysis of a rare tumor type [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5038.

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Shibaev, Mikhail A. « Ruling Pattern of the Parchment Codices in the Context of the Technological Development of Ancient Russian Booklore ». Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 69, n^o 1 (2024) : 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.108.

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At the beginning of the 15th century, there was a process of transition from manual to mechanical ruling or ruling pattern. With this type of ruling, the result was achieved not by running the tip of a knife or an awl over the parchment, but by using a template. A similar tool had been used since the 12th century in Oriental manuscripts and was called “mastara”. In Europe, it was called “tabula ad rigandum” in Latin, “planche à régler” in French, “rule-board” in English. In the Russian tradition it was known as “carax”, “terax”, “kerax”, etc. In Europe, it apparently appeared at the same time as in the Old Russian tradition — at the beginning of the 15th century. The earliest ruling pattern (1403) was found in the copy of Izbornik of 1073 originating from the Moscow Andronikov monastery of the Savior. The main feature of this ruling pattern is the absence of any kind of pricks on the margins of the parchment sheet. The introduction of the template into written practice led to a change in the traditional schemes and principles of ruling of Old Russian parchment codexes. The ruling known patterns with threads of animal or plant origins worked well on paper, but clearly could not leave a mark on a harder material, such as parchment. An experiment was conducted with a specially made template with metal threads and modern parchment, similar in its properties to the medieval one. The result of the successful experiment revealed that the application of the ruling pattern on parchment was only possible if it was preliminarily softened with water.

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Kudryavtsev, O. F. « The First European Maps of Muscovy (1525) ». MGIMO Review of International Relations 13, n^o 1 (3 mars 2020) : 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2020-1-70-7-22.

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The earliest maps entirely or at least partially dedicated to Muscovy appeared in Europe in 1520s as a result of an increasing interest in this land. Around this time a famous Italian humanist Paolo Giovio promised in his book «Libellus de legatione Basilii magni Principis Moscouiae ad Clementem. VII. Pont. Max.» to reproduce a map of Muscovy in print (in tabula typis excusa). But the map didn’t appear either in the first nor in succeeding editions of the Giovio’s book.Nevertheless, the map was discovered even in two versions. The first was found in manuscript atlas made in the first half of the 16th century in Venice by cartographer from Genoa Battista Agnese. The second one is a printed map prepared, as it seems, by Paolo Giovio for his book but for some reasons not added to it. Both maps have much in common, as a kind of introduction to them serves almost the same inscription: «Moscoviae tabula relatione Dimetrij legati descrypta sicuti ipse a pluribus accepit, cum totam prouinciam minime peragrasse fateatur anno M.D.XXV. octobris».After examining the two earliest maps of Muscovy I can support the opinion already expressed in historiography that for their resemblance they might be the variants of the same map. Nevertheless, there are some important and obvious differences in location of geographical objects and their names, which are difficult to account for in case the one map is a reproduction of the other.The fact that the first two European maps of Muscovy appeared in autumn 1525 coinciding with publication of three books about this country written by Paolo Giovio, Albertus Campensis and Johann Fabri is indicative of a great and intense attention which Europe payed to Muscovy in its oriental boundaries around this time. These maps complement the descriptions of Muscovy in above mentioned books by giving detailed and visual representation of Muscovy land as a complicated geographical object. We must acknowledge their authors – in spite of a great number of mistakes – were able to cope with this task.

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Carpenter, Chris. « Study Compares Methods To Measure Static Gel-Strength Development ». Journal of Petroleum Technology 75, n^o 05 (1 mai 2023) : 104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0523-0104-jpt.

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_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 31348, “Comparing Oilwell Cement Static Gel-Strength Development by Ultrasonic and Intermittent- and Continuous-Rotation Measurement Methods,” by Shameed Ashraf, Rahmad H.M. Husin, and Awang Rizalman, Schlumberger, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2022 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. _ Cement-sheath integrity preventing interzonal communication is closely related to static gel strength (SGS). API Standard 65-2 puts importance on the critical gel strength period (CGSP) measurement, which begins when the critical static gel strength (CSGS) is developed and ends when 500 lbf/100 ft2 is attained. The three methods accepted in the industry to measure SGS development are continuous and intermittent rotation, followed by ultrasonic measurement. A laboratory-based study is presented in the complete paper that compares these measurement methods. SGS Measurement Methods Continuous-Rotation Device. The continuous-rotation device used for direct SGS measurement is equipped with a pressure vessel capable of maintaining the set temperature and pressure that simulates actual cementing conditions. The paddle drag created by the continuous movement is converted and measured as SGS by means of correlation. Intermittent-Rotation SGS Device. This device keeps the cement slurry to be evaluated in a static condition inside a pressure vessel at controlled temperature and pressure. The device features a torque-sensing arrangement that obtains the intermittent rotating paddle value. This measured torque value is used to calculate the SGS using correlations related to paddle dimensions. Ultrasonic Method. An ultrasonic device can estimate the SGS of a concrete slurry under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions using an acoustic ultrasonic mechanism based on the attenuation of the acoustic wave communicated through the slurry during the hydration process. The ultrasonic cement-analyzer configuration estimates the acoustic speed, whereas the SGS analyzer measures the signal through the slurry. Thus, the SGS analyzer joins an implanted framework that performs computerized gel analysis. When data collection is complete, investigation of the information calculates the SGS values as a function of time. The authors compared the results obtained by this SGS system with information acquired from the tube rheometer device and shearometer and found them to have similar findings. Testing Methodology The methodology included the cement-slurry formula and the preparations followed by the device settings for each assessment type. Two different paddle configurations are used for the continuous-rotation method. As a result, four types of equipment evaluation are made for each slurry, two for the continuous-rotation type, one for the intermittent-rotation type, and one for the ultrasonic type.

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Wang, Li, Timothy Chan, Cassandra Gilmour, Keman Zhang, Tyler Alban, Hieu Ta et Hieu Ta. « 316 Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1 is highly expressed on tumor-infiltrating T cells and may play a role in modulating T cell activation ». Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (novembre 2021) : A340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.316.

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BackgroundImmune checkpoint receptors (ICRs) regulate T cell-mediated immune responses to self - and neo-antigens, thereby play an important role in the development of autoimmunity and immune responses to infections. In cancer, ICRs such as PD-1 and CTLA4 impair immuno-surveillance against neoplastic cells, while other costimulatory molecules like ICOS, OX40 could augment the immune responses. Immunotherapy that targets either inhibitory or costimulatory immune checkpoint have become the breakthrough therapy for cancer treatment. However, the efficacy of this class of therapy is limited to a fraction of patients, pointing the need to overcome non-redundant immuno-inhibitory pathways or discover new immuno-costimulatory pathways.MethodsExamining surface proteins that are highly expressed in various mouse tumors by flow cytometry and immuno-histochemistryResultsThis study identified the expression of Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1 (LRIG1) in activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. LRIG1 is a type-I transmembrane protein with 1092 amino acids (120 kD) and ubiquitous tissue expression patterns. We show that LRIG1 expression is not detectable on naïve CD4+ and CD8+ murine T cells but is induced upon T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation in vitro, and in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from multiple murine models. We also detected LRIG1 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ TILs in several types of cancer patients such as non-small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, B cell lymphoma.ConclusionsLRIG1 was originally identified as a tumor suppressor gene in a variety of tissues, but its expression and function have not been explored in immune cells. Our data suggest that LRIG1 is highly expressed in TILs in multiple cancer types and might play a role in regulating the anti-tumor immune responseEthics ApprovalOur studies have been approved by the ethics committee of the Cleveland Clinic.ConsentWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this abstract and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor of this journal.

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Chen, Benchao, Xiaoping Jin, Yongcheng Dong, Max Wang, Dennis Xia, Michelle Xia et Baiyong Li. « 441 Population pharmacokinetics of an anti-PD-1 antibody, Penpulimab in patients with advanced malignancies ». Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (novembre 2021) : A471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.441.

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BackgroundPenpulimab is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1 and is being evaluated in a variety of malignancies. The objective of the present study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model of penpulimab in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, and to characterize the impact of demographic and disease factors on the pharmacokinetics.MethodsPharmacokinetic data in patients with advanced malignancies were analyzed from six clinical studies with doses of 1, 3, 10 mg/kg, 200 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W), or 200 mg every 3 weeks (Q3W) of penpulimab (N=332). Noncompartmental analyses were performed on PK data from a subset of participants and the pharmacokinetic characteristics of penpulimab were summarized.ResultsThe PopPK of penpulimab was adequately described with a two-compartment model with first-order elimination using a non-linear mixed effects model (NONMEM). Typical values for these PK parameters were estimated at 0.232 L/day for Clearance (CL), 3.42 L for the volume of distribution of central compartment (V1). There was no clinical correlation between penpulimab pharmacokinetics and baseline covariates, such as age, race, immunogenicity, hepatic function, creatinine clearance, tumor type, and ECOG score. Several indicators, including the impact of albumin, lactic dehydrogenase, and gender on CL, and the impact of weight and gender on V1, were found to be statistically significant, but the geometric mean ratios for the PK parameters ranged between 0.7 and 1.3, with a difference of less than 30% and no clinically significant relevance. Drug exposure increased proportionally with dose from 1.0 mg/kg to 10.0 mg/kg, and at 1mg/kg or more, the PD-1 receptor occupancy reached 80% to 100% two days after penpulimab infusion. PopPK simulation showed that concentration ranges of penpulimab following administration at a fixed dose (200 mg Q2W) or by body weight (3.0 mg/kg Q2W) were basically consistent. More than 97.5% of the patients, at either dosing regimen (200 mg Q2W or Q3W), had steady-state trough concentrations >10 µg/mL, which is much higher than the concentration (0.5 µg/mL) needed for reaching 90% to 100% PD-1 receptor occupancy.ConclusionsThe PopPK model adequately assessed the pharmacokinetic characteristics and impact factors of penpulimab in the hematologic malignancies as well as solid tumors. This simulation indicates that both weight-based dose and fixed dose (200mg Q2W or Q3W) are appropriate for penpulimab.Ethics ApprovalThese studies were conducted in accordance with the protocol, good clinical practice standards and the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocols and subsequent amendments were approved by the appropriate institutional review board (IRB) or ethics committee at each participating institution. All patients provided voluntary written informed consent.ConsentWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this abstract and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor of this journal.

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Huang, W., et S. J. Flint. « The Tripartite Leader Sequence of Subgroup C Adenovirus Major Late mRNAs Can Increase the Efficiency of mRNA Export ». Journal of Virology 72, n^o 1 (1 janvier 1998) : 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.1.225-235.1998.

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ABSTRACT The subgroup C human adenoviruses induce selective export of newly synthesized viral mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, with concomitant inhibition of export of the majority of cellular mRNA species. Such posttranscriptional regulation of viral and cellular gene expression in infected cells requires viral E1B and E4 proteins. To facilitate the investigation of parameters that govern selective export in adenovirus-infected cells, we constructed a marked human β-actin minigene under the control of the glucocorticoid-inducible enhancer-promoter of mouse mammary tumor virus and introduced it into the left end of the adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) genome. Transcription of this reporter gene (designated MA) as well as of a sibling, which differed only in the inclusion of a cDNA copy of the Ad2 major late tripartite leader sequence upstream of β-actin sequences (termed MtplA), in recombinant virus-infected cells was strictly dependent on the addition of dexamethasone to the medium. When transcription of the MA gene was induced during the late phase of infection, newly synthesized MA RNA entered the cytoplasm. These transcripts, which contain no viral sequences, therefore reproduce the behavior of exceptional cellular mRNA species observed when transcription of their genes is activated during the late phase of infection (U.-C. Yang, W. Huang, and S. J. Flint, J. Virol. 70:4071–4080, 1996). Unexpectedly, however, higher concentrations of newly synthesized RNA accumulated in the cytoplasm when the tripartite leader sequence was present in the reporter RNA, despite equal rates of transcription of the two reporter genes. Examination of the partitioning of both newly synthesized and steady-state populations of MA and MtplA RNAs between nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments indicated that the tripartite leader sequence did not increase RNA stability in the cytoplasm. Comparison of nuclear and cytoplasmic reporter RNA species by Northern blotting, primer extension, and reverse transcription-PCR provided no evidence for altered processing induced by the tripartite leader sequence. We therefore conclude that the tripartite leader sequence, long known to facilitate the translation of mRNAs during the late phase of adenovirus infection, can also modulate mRNA export from the nucleus.

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Stanc, Margareta Simina, Luminița Bejenaru, George Nuțu, Aurel Constantin Mototolea et Mihaela Danu. « Palaeoeconomy and Palaeoenvironment of Halmyris—A Roman Settlement in Southeast Romania : Archaeozoological and Phytolith Evidences ». Diversity 15, n^o 3 (4 mars 2023) : 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15030373.

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Halmyris (Murighiol, Tulcea County, Romania) is one of the most important Roman settlements located in the inferior sector of the Danube Delta, in the easternmost part of Scythia province during the Late Antiquity. Halmyris was the most easterly fort of the Danubian border in Roman times and probably served as a supply centre for the imperial fleet; Roman inscriptions inform on the existence of a ‘mariner’s village’ named vicus classicorum. Given that the written information about this settlement is extremely incomplete, the study of animal and plant remains can answer important questions related to economic life (e.g., human use of biological resources) and the relationship between community and environment. This study contributes to understanding the process of Roman domination in the area (e.g., highlighting the improved type of cattle, brought and reproduced here by the Romans), as well as to the knowledge of environmental changes under anthropic pressure (e.g., animal extinction, such as aurochs). In 2014, extensive archaeological research took place in the extramural area of the fort. During research, a total area of 234 sqm was investigated through five trenches west–east oriented and perpendicular to vallum II but not intersecting with it. Phytolith samples were taken from the habitation levels dated to the 5th–6th centuries AD, and faunal remains were collected from four trenches dated to the 4th–6th centuries AD. Phytolith assemblages from the Halmyris site are composed mainly of grass phytoliths. We noticed important amounts of Elongate dendritic forms and a high proportion of silica skeletons. Phytolith analysis resulting from the processing of 12 samples shows that cereals were a relevant part of the subsistence economy of the site, revealing an important signal of cereal processing. Flax fibers, which are the strongest natural fibers, were also identified in samples from Halmyris. The exploited animal resources are varied, including molluscs, fish, birds, and mammals. Most of the skeletal remains belong to the group of mammals. Animal husbandry represented an important occupation; the identified domestic mammals are cattle, sheep, goat, pig, horse, donkey, and dog. The predominant species were cattle and sheep/goat, both by the number of identified remains and by the minimal number of individuals. Hunting had small importance for the settlement under study, red deer and wild boar having the highest proportion of wild mammals.

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