Thèses : « Representational gaps »

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Schmidt, Daniel P. « Identifying Knowledge Gaps Using a Graph-based Knowledge Representation ». Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1588866076446257.

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Cherneski, JanaLee. « Mind the gaps : representation beyond aggregation in Joseph Schumpeter's political thinking ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669876.

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Seo, Bong Chul. « Towards a better representation of radar-rainfall : filling gaps in understanding uncertainties ». Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/881.

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Radar-rainfall uncertainty quantification has been recognized as an intricate problem due to the complexity of the multi-dimensional error structure, which is also associated with space and time scale. The error structure is usually characterized by two moments of the error distribution: bias and error variance. Despite numerous efforts to investigate radar-rainfall uncertainties, many questions remain unanswered. This dissertation uses two statistical descriptions (mean and variance) of the error distribution to highlight and describe some of the remaining gaps in representing radar-rainfall uncertainties. The four central issues addressed in this dissertation include: 1. Investigation of radar relative bias caused by radar calibration. 2. Statistical modeling of range-dependent error arising from the radar beam geometry structure. 3. Scale-dependent variability of radar-rainfall and rain gauge error covariance. 4. Scale-dependence of radar-rainfall error variance. The first two issues describe systematic features of main error sources of radar-rainfall. The other two are associated with quantifying radar error variance using the error variance separation (EVS) method, which considers the spatial sampling mismatch between radar and rain gauge data. This study captures the main systematic features (systematic bias arising from radar calibration and range-dependent errors) of radar measurements without using ground reference data and the error variance structure with respect to the spatio-temporal transformation of the measurements for further applications to hydrologic fields. Such consideration of radar-rainfall uncertainties represented by error mean and variance can enhance the characterization of the uncertainty structure and yield a better understanding of the physical process of precipitation.

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Sànchez-Ferreres, Josep. « Bridging the gap between textual and formal business process representations ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673493.

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In the era of digital transformation, an increasing number of organizations are start ing to think in terms of business processes. Processes are at the very heart of each business, and must be understood and carried out by a wide range of actors, from both technical and non-technical backgrounds alike. When embracing digital transformation practices, there is a need for all involved parties to be aware of the underlying business processes in an organization. However, the representational complexity and biases of the state-of-the-art modeling notations pose a challenge in understandability. On the other hand, plain language representations, accessible by nature and easily understood by everyone, are often frowned upon by technical specialists due to their ambiguity. The aim of this thesis is precisely to bridge this gap: Between the world of the techni cal, formal languages and the world of simpler, accessible natural languages. Structured as an article compendium, in this thesis we present four main contributions to address specific problems in the intersection between the fields of natural language processing and business process management.
A l’era de la transformació digital, cada vegada més organitzacions comencen a pensar en termes de processos de negoci. Els processos són el nucli principal de tota empresa i, com a tals, han de ser fàcilment comprensibles per un ampli ventall de rols, tant perfils tècnics com no-tècnics. Quan s’adopta la transformació digital, és necessari que totes les parts involucrades estiguin ben informades sobre els protocols implantats com a part del procés de digitalització. Tot i això, la complexitat i biaixos de representació dels llenguatges de modelització que actualment conformen l’estat de l’art sovint en dificulten la seva com prensió. D’altra banda, les representacions basades en documentació usant llenguatge natural, accessibles per naturalesa i fàcilment comprensibles per tothom, moltes vegades són vistes com un problema pels perfils més tècnics a causa de la presència d’ambigüitats en els textos. L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi és precisament el de superar aquesta distància: La distància entre el món dels llenguatges tècnics i formals amb el dels llenguatges naturals, més accessibles i senzills. Amb una estructura de compendi d’articles, en aquesta tesi presentem quatre grans línies de recerca per adreçar problemes específics en aquesta intersecció entre les tecnologies d’anàlisi de llenguatge natural i la gestió dels processos de negoci.
Computació

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Lovelock, James Michael. « 'Not just for gays anymore' : men, masculinities and musical theatre ». Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7533/.

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This thesis explores how the changing masculinities of the 21st century have affected how young men connect to musical theatre as a genre that has been stereotypically seen as gay. The investigation is first located in the theoretical framework of masculinities, utilising the concepts of the male sex role, hegemonic masculinities and inclusive masculinity to chart how the performance of the male gender has changed over the past century. The project then adopts an empirical approach to a group of 161 men and 25 women, establishing a methodological framework for correlating sexual orientation with attitudes towards musical theatre. There is a further honing of this methodology through the adoption of Jenifer Toksvig's 'The Fairytale Moment' exercise, which identifies how each participant connects to narrative through a core emotional drive. Finally, this data is tested through three case studies of how individual participants connect to 'Les Misérables', 'Wicked' and 'Soho Cinders', concluding that the emotional content of musical theatre is now as desirable to straight men as it is to women and LGBT men.

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Wright, Corinne P. « Bridging the Gap : Exploring the Need for Better System Representations in Higher Education ». Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1432819171.

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Stark, Adam. « Musicians and machines : bridging the semantic gap in live performance ». Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2011. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/15050.

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This thesis explores the automatic extraction of musical information from live performances - with the intention of using that information to create novel, responsive and adaptive performance tools for musicians. We focus specifically on two forms of musical analysis - harmonic analysis and beat tracking. We present two harmonic analysis algorithms - specifically we present a novel chroma vector analysis technique which we later use as the input for a chord recognition algorithm. We also present a real-time beat tracker, based upon an extension of state of the art non-causal models, that is computationally efficient and capable of strong performance compared to other models. Furthermore, through a modular study of several beat tracking algorithms we attempt to establish methods to improve beat tracking and apply these lessons to our model. Building upon this work, we show that these analyses can be combined to create a beat-synchronous musical representation, with harmonic information segmented at the level of the beat. We present a number of ways of calculating these representations and discuss their relative merits. We proceed by introducing a technique, which we call Performance Following, for recognising repeated patterns in live musical performances. Through examining the real-time beat-synchronous musical representation, this technique makes predictions of future harmonic content in musical performances with no prior knowledge in the form of a score. Finally, we present a number of potential applications for live performances that incorporate the real-time musical analysis techniques outlined previously. The applications presented include audio effects informed by beat tracking, a technique for synchronising video to a live performance, the use of harmonic information to control visual displays and an automatic accompaniment system based upon our performance following technique.

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Suen, Pak-kin, et 宣柏健. « Filming gay representations : male homosexuality in Hong Kong and Taiwanese cinema ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31225160.

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Sonnekus, Theo. « Invisible queers investigating the 'other' Other in gay visual cultures / ». Diss., Pretoria [S.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10152009-152556.

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Thabane, Tebello. « Bridging the gap between de jure and de facto parliamentary representation of women in Africa : lessons from Rwanda and South Africa ». Diss., University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/1235.

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"This study is predicated on a strong belief that the gender make-up of African parliamnets must relfect the gender demographics of African states. It is only when that is achieved that the concepts of equality, non-discrimination and democracy can gain their true meaning. As a departure point, the study makes a case that statistically women are under-represented across the overwhelming majority of African parliaments. The study asserts that the under-representation is prevalent amid the existence of international, regional and domestic instruments, all providing for women's right to representation in decision-making processes. Thus, the study demonstrates that there is a gap between de jure and de facto representation. The study then argues that the convoluted ideology of patriarchy, sacrosanct cultures, inviolable religions, the constructed public/private dichotomy, low levels of education, and the negative impact of globalisation all act in concert to deny African women their rightful place in decision-making institutions, particluarly parliaments. In a bid to investigate how this can be reserved, the study explores the Rwandan and South African models for purposes of gaining insights on how they have contrived to reach and surpass the critical mass of women in their parliaments. These two models demonstrate that a combination of temporary special measures and gender mainstreaming are effective tools for emancipating women and ensuring their representation in parliaments. These have to be buttressed by strong legal and institutioanl frameworks, which operate in a conducive socio-political environment." -- Abstract.
Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2006.
Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Ben Twinomugisha at the Human Rights and Peace Centre (HURIPEC), Makerere University, Faculty of Law, Kampala, Uganda
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM

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Nehring, Benjamin, et Hans Zessin. « A path integral representation of the moment measures of the general ideal Bose gas ». Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/4963/.

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We reconsider the fundamental work of Fichtner ([2]) and exhibit the permanental structure of the ideal Bose gas again, using another approach which combines a characterization of infinitely divisible random measures (due to Kerstan,Kummer and Matthes [5, 6] and Mecke [8, 9]) with a decomposition of the moment measures into its factorial measures due to Krickeberg [4]. To be more precise, we exhibit the moment measures of all orders of the general ideal Bose gas in terms of certain path integrals. This representation can be considered as a point process analogue of the old idea of Symanzik [11] that local times and self-crossings of the Brownian motion can be used as a tool in quantum field theory. Behind the notion of a general ideal Bose gas there is a class of infinitely divisible point processes of all orders with a Levy-measure belonging to some large class of measures containing the one of the classical ideal Bose gas considered by Fichtner. It is well known that the calculation of moments of higher order of point processes are notoriously complicated. See for instance Krickeberg's calculations for the Poisson or the Cox process in [4].

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Lyes, Peter A. « Low speed axial compressor design and evaluation : High speed representation and endwall flow control studies ». Thesis, Cranfield University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/4251.

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This Thesis reports the design, build and test of two sets of blading for the Cranfield University low speed research compressor. The first of these was a datum low speed design based on the fourth stage of the DERA high speed research compressor C 147. The emphasis of this datum design was on the high-to-low speed transformation process and the evaluation of such a process through comparing detailed flow measurements from both compressors. Area traverse measurements in both the stationary and rotating frame of reference were taken at Cranfield along with overall performance, blade surface static pressure and flow visualisation measurements. These compare favourably with traverse and performance measurements taken on C147 before commencement of the PhD work. They show that despite the compromises made during the transformation process, due to both geometric and aerodynamic considerations, both the primary and secondary flow features can be successfully reproduced in the low speed environment. The aim of the second design was to improve on the performance of the datum blading through the use of advanced '3D' design concepts such as lean and sweep. The blading used nominally the same blade sections as the datum, and parametric studies were conducted into various lean/sweep configurations to try to optimise the blade performance. The final blade geometry also incorporated leading edge recambering towards the fixed endwalls of both the rotor and stator. The '3D' blading demonstrated a 1.5% increase in efficiency (over the datum blading) at design flow rising to around 3% at near stall along with an improvement in stall margin and pressure rise characteristic. The design work was completed using the TRANSCode flow solver for both the blade-to-blade solutions (used in the SI-S2 datum design calculation) and the fully 3D solutions (for the advanced design and post datum design appraisal). The 3D solutions gave a reasonable representation of the mid-span and main 3D flow features but failed to model the corner and tip clearance flow accurately. An interesting feature of the low speed flowfield was the circumferential variation in total pressure observed at exit from all rotors for both designs. This was not present at high speed and represents one of the main differences between the high and low speed flow. Unsteady modelling of mid- height sections from the first stage indicate that part of this variation is due to the potential interaction of the rotor with the downstream stator while the remainder is due to the wake structure from the upstream stator convecting through the rotor passage. Finally, the implications for a high speed design based on the success of the 3D low speed design are considered.

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May, Anna, Johannes Wachs et Anikó Hannák. « Gender differences in participation and reward on Stack Overflow ». Springer Nature, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10664-019-09685-x.

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Programming is a valuable skill in the labor market, making the underrepresentation of women in computing an increasingly important issue. Online question and answer platforms serve a dual purpose in this field: they form a body of knowledge useful as a reference and learning tool, and they provide opportunities for individuals to demonstrate credible, verifi- able expertise. Issues, such as male-oriented site design or overrepresentation of men among the site's elite may therefore compound the issue of women's underrepresentation in IT. In this paper we audit the differences in behavior and outcomes between men and women on Stack Overflow, the most popular of these Q&A sites. We observe significant differences in how men and women participate in the platform and how successful they are. For example, the average woman has roughly half of the reputation points, the primary measure of success on the site, of the average man. Using an Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, an econometric technique commonly applied to analyze differences in wages between groups, we find that most of the gap in success between men and women can be explained by differences in their activity on the site and differences in how these activities are rewarded. Specifically, 1) men give more answers than women and 2) are rewarded more for their answers on aver age, even when controlling for possible confounders such as tenure or buy-in to the site. Women ask more questions and gain more reward per question. We conclude with a hypo thetical redesign of the site's scoring system based on these behavioral differences, cutting the reputation gap in half.

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De, Nagy Köves Hrabar Mélanie. « British awareness campaigns on domestic violence against women miss opportunity to reframe discourse - Gaps between evidence on underreporting and visual representation of domestic violence ». Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22901.

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Domestic violence against women (DVAW) is a global pandemic that affects approximately one in three women living in the United Kingdom. One of the biggest challenges in combating and preventing DVAW is the underreporting of incidences to law-enforcement by victims and the collective silence of bystanders who are aware of the abuse but choose to remain silent (i.e. social silence). This degree project compares evidence regarding social silence and underreporting of DVAW and how DVAW is represented in British awareness campaigns to answer the research question: What gaps exist between evidence available in respect of contributing factors to social silence and underreporting of DVAW and how key players in the space of DVAW prevention in the United Kingdom (UK) represent DVAW in public awareness campaigns aimed at addressing these issues? A literature review served to establish state of the art evidence and was followed by a Foucauldian discourse analysis of selected visual media texts from awareness raising campaigns published by British key players (i.e. NGOs and government agencies) in the area of DVAW. The analysis was conducted in three stages: 1) relevant discourse fragments were identified according to strict sampling criteria, 2) texts were analysed with a step-by-step approach, in order to identify key themes and a typical sub-sample of discourse fragments, and 3) an in-depth analysis of two typical campaign texts was conducted. The analysis revealed that a range of misalignments and gaps exist. DVAW is represented in isolation as an issue of individuals rather than society. Some of the most problematic attitudes contributing to social silence and underreporting of DVAW such as victim blaming remain largely unaddressed. Victims of DVAW are represented in isolation and the responsibility to act and stop the abuse is often placed on the them. Perpetrators of DVAW in particular, but also men in general, are largely excluded from the discourse. Instead of encouraging victims and building their confidence, a bleak picture of isolation and fear is painted in campaign texts. Some of the discourse fragments included in the analysis appear to perpetuate the very misconceptions and stereotypes they are trying to address. There is ample opportunity for British key players in the space of DVAW to take a leading role in challenging the current discourse and assume their role of influencer in the fight to break social silence and increase the reporting of DVAW.

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Hanson, Philip. « A Unified Representation for Dialogue and Action in Computer Games : Bridging the Gap Between Talkers and Fighters ». Digital WPI, 2010. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/845.

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Most computer game characters are either ``talkers,' i.e., they engage in dialogue with the player, or ``fighters,' i.e., they engage in actions against or with the player, and that may affect the virtual world. The reason for this dichotomy is a corresponding gap in the underlying development technologies used for each kind of character. Using concepts from task modeling and computational linguistics, we have developed a new kind of character-authoring technology which bridges this gap, thereby making it possible to create richer and more interesting characters for computer games.

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Mutambanengwe, Simbarashe Abel. « "Totally unacceptable" : representations of homosexuality in South African public discourse ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013259.

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The 1996 Constitution of South Africa is ranked as one of the most liberal and democratic constitutions in the world. The right to freedom of sexual orientation, equality and the freedom of association amongst other rights is in its Bill of Rights and are thus inherently assured and protected in post- apartheid, democratic South Africa. However, the Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) community continue to face discrimination and prejudice despite this newly established constitutional order. The present study is interested in how, in the light of the equality clause in the South African constitution, homosexuality is represented and constructed in the South African media. The thesis examines representations of homosexuality between the years 1999-2013 in articles collected from the Independent Online media site which incorporates 30 newspapers. The approach focuses on the topics, overall news report schemata, local meanings, style and rhetoric of the news reports. The results of the study show that negative attitudes towards homosexuality are framed in three main ways: homosexuality is represented as "unAfrican"; "ungodly" and "unnatural". I argue that rather than extreme forms of violence (such as "corrective rape" and murder) directed against LGBT citizens being interpreted as the aberrant behaviour of a few, these need to be understood in the context of the circulation of the above justificatory narratives.

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Morell, Vicente. « Contributions to 3D Data Registration and Representation ». Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/42364.

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Nowadays, new computers generation provides a high performance that enables to build computationally expensive computer vision applications applied to mobile robotics. Building a map of the environment is a common task of a robot and is an essential part to allow the robots to move through these environments. Traditionally, mobile robots used a combination of several sensors from different technologies. Lasers, sonars and contact sensors have been typically used in any mobile robotic architecture, however color cameras are an important sensor due to we want the robots to use the same information that humans to sense and move through the different environments. Color cameras are cheap and flexible but a lot of work need to be done to give robots enough visual understanding of the scenes. Computer vision algorithms are computational complex problems but nowadays robots have access to different and powerful architectures that can be used for mobile robotics purposes. The advent of low-cost RGB-D sensors like Microsoft Kinect which provide 3D colored point clouds at high frame rates made the computer vision even more relevant in the mobile robotics field. The combination of visual and 3D data allows the systems to use both computer vision and 3D processing and therefore to be aware of more details of the surrounding environment. The research described in this thesis was motivated by the need of scene mapping. Being aware of the surrounding environment is a key feature in many mobile robotics applications from simple robotic navigation to complex surveillance applications. In addition, the acquisition of a 3D model of the scenes is useful in many areas as video games scene modeling where well-known places are reconstructed and added to game systems or advertising where once you get the 3D model of one room the system can add furniture pieces using augmented reality techniques. In this thesis we perform an experimental study of the state-of-the-art registration methods to find which one fits better to our scene mapping purposes. Different methods are tested and analyzed on different scene distributions of visual and geometry appearance. In addition, this thesis proposes two methods for 3d data compression and representation of 3D maps. Our 3D representation proposal is based on the use of Growing Neural Gas (GNG) method. This Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) has been successfully used for clustering, pattern recognition and topology representation of various kind of data. Until now, Self-Organizing Maps have been primarily computed offline and their application in 3D data has mainly focused on free noise models without considering time constraints. Self-organising neural models have the ability to provide a good representation of the input space. In particular, the Growing Neural Gas (GNG) is a suitable model because of its flexibility, rapid adaptation and excellent quality of representation. However, this type of learning is time consuming, specially for high-dimensional input data. Since real applications often work under time constraints, it is necessary to adapt the learning process in order to complete it in a predefined time. This thesis proposes a hardware implementation leveraging the computing power of modern GPUs which takes advantage of a new paradigm coined as General-Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU). Our proposed geometrical 3D compression method seeks to reduce the 3D information using plane detection as basic structure to compress the data. This is due to our target environments are man-made and therefore there are a lot of points that belong to a plane surface. Our proposed method is able to get good compression results in those man-made scenarios. The detected and compressed planes can be also used in other applications as surface reconstruction or plane-based registration algorithms. Finally, we have also demonstrated the goodness of the GPU technologies getting a high performance implementation of a CAD/CAM common technique called Virtual Digitizing.

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Suen, Pak-kin. « Filming gay representations : male homosexuality in Hong Kong and Taiwanese cinema / ». Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23242036.

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Porter, Michelle Kaye. « A Qualitative Analysis of School Leadership Behaviors and Levels of Representation of One Minority Population in Advanced Placement Courses in One Southeastern Virginia School District ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85261.

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This qualitative case study analyzes the underrepresentation of minority students in Advanced Placement (AP) courses in Virginia high schools and examines the influences that encourage school leaders to lessen the existing gaps at their assigned schools. Data from a division in southeastern Virginia summarizing each school's minority representation in its AP courses were analyzed. After identifying the schools' minority representation levels, qualitative research methods were used to determine the impact, if any, of school leaders on student participation rates. Additionally, qualitative data from individual interviews were considered to determine if school leaders who had a higher representation of minority populations at their schools demonstrated intentional actions to address AP participation in their schools. The results of this study indicate that principals believed that all capable students should have access to AP courses and that teachers and counselors influence students' decisions to enroll in AP courses. Additionally, principals found that sharing data reflecting their school's representation rates helped justify the need to improve student participation in AP courses. Principals with high participation rates placed importance on communicating to students the opportunities obtained by participating in AP courses and expected school staff to encourage students with potential to participate in more rigorous courses. Principals with higher minority representation rates in advanced courses were also found to frequently remind a variety of stakeholders to encourage students to participate in AP courses. Furthermore, principals with higher minority representation in AP programs used more "we," "us," and "our" statements and references to a team approach when asked about their work. Finally, this study found that specialized academies create environments where stronger student representation rates can occur in AP courses for all student groups. The results of the study have the potential to impact high school leaders as they seek to improve outcomes for the students they serve.
Ed. D.

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Alirezaie, Marjan. « Bridging the Semantic Gap between Sensor Data and Ontological Knowledge ». Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-45908.

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The rapid growth of sensor data can potentially enable a better awareness of the environment for humans. In this regard, interpretation of data needs to be human-understandable. For this, data interpretation may include semantic annotations that hold the meaning of numeric data. This thesis is about bridging the gap between quantitative data and qualitative knowledge to enrich the interpretation of data. There are a number of challenges which make the automation of the interpretation process non-trivial. Challenges include the complexity of sensor data, the amount of available structured knowledge and the inherent uncertainty in data. Under the premise that high level knowledge is contained in ontologies, this thesis investigates the use of current techniques in ontological knowledge representation and reasoning to confront these challenges. Our research is divided into three phases, where the focus of the first phase is on the interpretation of data for domains which are semantically poor in terms of available structured knowledge. During the second phase, we studied publicly available ontological knowledge for the task of annotating multivariate data. Our contribution in this phase is about applying a diagnostic reasoning algorithm to available ontologies. Our studies during the last phase have been focused on the design and development of a domain-independent ontological representation model equipped with a non-monotonic reasoning approach with the purpose of annotating time-series data. Our last contribution is related to coupling the OWL-DL ontology with a non-monotonic reasoner. The experimental platforms used for validation consist of a network of sensors which include gas sensors whose generated data is complex. A secondary data set includes time series medical signals representing physiological data, as well as a number of publicly available ontologies such as NCBO Bioportal repository.

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Ponder, Rochelle. « Equal But Separate : The Disproportionate Representation of African American Students in Special Education ». ScholarWorks, 2016. http://moderndayconductors.com/equal-but-separate/.

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African American students are 4 times more likely to be placed in special education than are their European American peers. The purpose of the study was to determine whether the application of professional development (PD) would change teachers' attitudes toward African American students who were achieving below grade level. Teachers in one school district received PD; the teachers in a separate school district did not receive PD. Bandura's social learning theory and Kunjufu's Afrocentric curriculum served as the theoretical framework. A preexperimental design and a static group comparison were used. The sample comprised 83 teachers, with 52 (63%) from the school district that received PD and 31 (37%) from the other school district. An amended version of the 21-item Teacher Attitude Survey, which measures teachers' attitudes toward low-achieving students, PD, and special education, was given to both groups after the treatment was applied to the first school district. Survey results were used to test 4 hypotheses: (a) There were no differences in teachers' attitudes toward achievement by district, (b) the amount of training on cultural sensitivity did not relate to teachers' attitudes toward achievement, (c) there were no differences in the average number of students referred to special education for each teacher by district, and (d) the amount of training on cultural sensitivity did not relate to the number of students referred to special education. Spearman's rho, t tests, and Mann-Whitney U test were applied. All but Null Hypothesis 3 failed to be rejected. Implications for positive social change begin with educating teachers about the effect of attitudes on the academic futures of African American students. Engagement in PD will begin the work of ensuring equity for all students in public education in the United States.

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Meyer, Jason Andrew. « Innovations in Representation and Calibration of Residual Gas Fraction and Volumetric Efficiency in a Spark Ignited, Internal Combustion Engine ». The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1211990310.

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O'Malley, Patrick Daniel. « Development and Application of Reaction Route Graph Representation and Analysis of Catalytic Reaction Networks ». Digital WPI, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/534.

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Chemical reactions can have a staggering amount of molecular complexity. Reaction mechanisms have been proposed with over one hundred elementary reaction steps that occur in the same system simultaneously. While several methods exist to simplify and make sense of the pathways and kinetics via which these reactions proceed, e.g., reaction graphs, sensitivity or flux analysis, microkinetic analysis, and comparison of energy landscapes, etc., these methods all have limitations and are often not able to capture a comprehensive picture of the kinetics of system. It has been found useful to view these mechanisms as a network, i.e., a reaction graph. These graphs enable the visualization of the pathways of the reaction and can provide an analytical tool for pathway and kinetic analysis. However, many of the specific graph-theoretic approaches in the literature are not the most suitable for kinetic analysis of complex mechanisms; as they are simply not based on rules that are rigorous enough to fully enumerate all the pathways or provide quantitative analysis of the reaction rates. Our Reaction Route (RR) Graph approach is different in that it depicts the mechanism by a graph that is consistent with all physical and chemical laws associated with reaction networks, particularly being consistent with mass and energy conservation, i.e., Kirchoff’s Flux Law (KFL) and Kirchoff’s Potential Law (KPL). Because of their adherence to these laws, RR Graphs are able to provide an accurate graph-theoretical tool not only for depicting all reactions routes as walks (hence the name RR Graph) but also for pruning mechanisms and allowing a simplified but accurate quantitative description of reaction rates. This adherence to KFL and KPL does mean that the construction and implementation of these graphs can be prohibitively difficult for large mechanisms. For large reaction systems,especially nonlinear mechanisms, it is not realistic to generate these graphs by hand. And although there exists an analytical solution to find a determinant matrix for the RR Graph of a mechanism, the process involves an exhaustive search for a solution which experiences a combinatorial explosion as the number of steps gets very large. This leads to the idea of developing an algorithm for a computer program that can determine how to generate these graphs automatically. Unfortunately, the same combinatorial explosion is present such that for a moderately sized twenty step mechanism, it could take an average computational processor over a decade to find a solution. We have determined, however, that this brute force combinatorial approach can be avoided if heuristics could be developed to bridge gaps in our knowledge of how these graphs are constructed. Thus, developing a better analytical approach and/or a tighter set of heuristics for a computer algorithm are the overarching goals of this work. To make progress toward developing such heuristics, a set of microkinetic mechanisms were analyzed with the notion that the realization of the RR Graphs would highlight a better approach to their construction and usage. In particular, a very large linear reaction system, a smaller linear system and two non-linear reaction systems were analyzed to develop insights into how each graph is manually constructed and analyzed. Furthermore, kinetic analysis was done for these mechanisms and compared to experimental data and other analytical tools to prove not only the validity of the RR Graphs, but also how they are a significant improvement over more commonly used approaches for mechanistic and kinetic analysis. Based on the lessons learned through a consideration of these examples, a set of heuristics are established and enumerated with the ultimate goal of developing an intuitive algorithm that can help automate drawing and kinetic analysis via RR Graphs of complex mechanisms.

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Trotter, Stormy P. « Countering the Misconceptions of Media Portrayal Using Creative Expression : An Examination of Veterans With PTSD and the Complexity of Identity Gaps ». Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1491262570887116.

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Ortiz-Marrero, Floris Wilma. « Teacher Inquiry Group : The Space for (Un)packing Representations of Discourses of Achievement Gap and the Possibility of an Institutional Transforming Practice ». Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/64/.

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Marchesin, Stefano. « Developing unsupervised knowledge-enhanced models to reduce the semantic Gap in information retrieval ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426253.

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In this thesis we tackle the semantic gap, a long-standing problem in Information Retrieval(IR). The semantic gap can be described as the mismatch between users’ queries and the way retrieval models answer to such queries. Two main lines of work have emerged over the years to bridge the semantic gap: (i) the use of external knowledge resources to enhance the bag-of-words representations used by lexical models, and (ii) the use of semantic models to perform matching between the latent representations of queries and documents. To deal with this issue, we first perform an in-depth evaluation of lexical and semantic models through different analyses. The objective of this evaluation is to understand what features lexical and semantic models share, if their signals are complementary, and how they can be combined to effectively address the semantic gap. In particular, the evaluation focuses on (semantic) neural models and their critical aspects. Then, we build on the insights of this evaluation to develop lexical and semantic models addressing the semantic gap. Specifically, we develop unsupervised models that integrate knowledge from external resources, and we evaluate them for the medical domain – a domain with a high social value, where the semantic gap is prominent, and the large presence of authoritative knowledge resources allows us to explore effective ways to leverage external knowledge to address the semantic gap. For lexical models, we propose and evaluate several knowledge-based query expansion and reduction techniques. These query reformulations are used to increase the probability of retrieving relevant documents by adding to or removing from the original query highly specific terms. Regarding semantic models, we first analyze the limitations of the knowledge-enhanced neural models presented in the literature. Then, to overcome these limitations, we propose SAFIR, an unsupervised knowledge-enhanced neural framework for IR. The representations learned within this framework are optimized for IR and encode linguistic features that are relevant to address the semantic gap.

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Schönborn, Konrad J., et Trevor R. Anderson. « Bridging the Educational Research-Teaching Practice Gap : Foundations for assessing and developing biochemistry students’ visual literacy ». Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-59468.

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External representations (ERs), such as diagrams, animations, and dynamic models are vital tools for communicating and constructing knowledge in biochemistry. To build a meaningful understanding of structure, function, and process, it is essential that students become visually literate by mastering key cognitive skills that are essential for interpreting and visualizing ERs. In this article, first we describe a model of seven factors influencing students’ ability to learn from ERs. Second, we use this model and relevant literature to identify eight cognitive skills central to visual literacy in biochemistry. Third, we present simple examples of tasks as a foundation for designing more sophisticated and complex items for assessing and developing students’ visual literacy. We conclude that visual literacy is fundamental to the development of sound conceptual understanding and it is crucial to develop visual skills in parallel with meaningful learning outcomes in all biochemistry curricula.

All issues of BAMBED become freely available after a two-year hold

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Maffei, Laura. « Bridging the gap between technology design and school practice : a specific experiment within the ReMath Project ». Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-80562.

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This contribution describes an experiment carried out by a team within the ReMath (Representing Mathematics with Digital Media) European Project (http://remath.cti.gr). Within this project six digital dynamic artefacts (DDAs) have been developed, thirteen experiments have been planned (Artigue & al., 2007) and carried out, analysis of the collected data are still in progress. In this contribution, we focus on the case of the Aplusix DDA (http://aplusix.imag.fr), from the point in which the designers deliver their product to the team in charge of planning the experiment, up to the point in which the artefact is experimented within the ReMath project.

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Orts-Escolano, Sergio. « A three-dimensional representation method for noisy point clouds based on growing self-organizing maps accelerated on GPUs ». Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/36484.

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The research described in this thesis was motivated by the need of a robust model capable of representing 3D data obtained with 3D sensors, which are inherently noisy. In addition, time constraints have to be considered as these sensors are capable of providing a 3D data stream in real time. This thesis proposed the use of Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) as a 3D representation model. In particular, we proposed the use of the Growing Neural Gas (GNG) network, which has been successfully used for clustering, pattern recognition and topology representation of multi-dimensional data. Until now, Self-Organizing Maps have been primarily computed offline and their application in 3D data has mainly focused on free noise models, without considering time constraints. It is proposed a hardware implementation leveraging the computing power of modern GPUs, which takes advantage of a new paradigm coined as General-Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU). The proposed methods were applied to different problem and applications in the area of computer vision such as the recognition and localization of objects, visual surveillance or 3D reconstruction.

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Herlitz, Gunnarsson Rebecka. « LGBT+ rights and the gender gap : A comparative study of LGBT+ anti-discrimination legislation in the United States ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432117.

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This thesis seeks to examine if there is a connection between female representation among U.S. legislators at state level and support of legislation protecting LGBT+ people from discrimination in terms of adoption and foster care. Using the theories of substantive and descriptive representation, three hypotheses regarding female representation and partisanship were tested. In the analysis, it became clear that there is a positive significant correlation between female legislators and voting in favour of anti-discrimination legislation in terms of LGBT+ rights. In addition to this, the study found that partisanship also has a significant effect of the voting outcome, in fact one that is even greater than the effect of gender.

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Hoscan, Ozlem. « The Media Portrayal Of Homosexuality In The Turkish Press Between 1998 And 2006 ». Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608008/index.pdf.

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In this study, the newspapers such as Hü
rriyet, Milliyet, Radikal, Posta, AkSam, Sabah, Cumhuriyet, Star, Gü
neS, Takvim, Dü
nya, Gö
zcü
and Yeni Asir are considered liberal or left leaning. The newspapers such as Akit, Milli Gazete, Yeni Asya, Anayurt, Tü
rkiye, Yeni Safak, Dü
nden Bugü
ne Tercü
man, Vakit and Zaman are considered conservative or Islamic newspapers. The period chosen for this analysis is between 28.12.1998 and 15.06.2006, and all the news items published in this period are scrutinised in the archive of the Parliament Library, where there is a special category for the news on homosexuality and homosexuals. First, the news items of the newspapers mentioned above are categorised as presented in the tables prepared. Through these tables, a general perspective on the press coverage in Turkey is revealed by the analysis of the evaluations of the general features of this coverage on homosexuality and homosexuals. Second, an extensive textual analysis is carried out by analysing the news texts regarding three common events covered in most of the newspapers mentioned above to reflect a more accurate and detailed account of the representation of homosexuality and homosexuals in the Turkish Daily Press. Moreover, in-depth interviews are conducted with homosexuals to find out their point of view on the portrayal of themselves in the Turkish Daily Press. Finally, the findings of the analysis of the press coverage of homosexuality and homosexuals, and the findings of the interviews are compared.

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Rodrigues, Daniela Filipa José Ramos Squillaro. « Representações do Self, tipos de relacionamento amoroso e satisfação com a relação ». Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/17878.

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O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo perceber de que forma os tipos de relacionamento amoroso – Submisso-Idealizador, Eufórico-Idealizante e Evitante- Desnarcisante–, que assentam em necessidades narcísicas,e a representação doSelfinfluenciam a satisfação com a relação amorosa. A amostra do estudo foi constituída por 110 sujeitos de diferentes regiões do país, tendo sido aplicado um protocolo constituído pelos seguintes instrumentos: Inventário de Tipos de Relacionamento Amoroso, Escala de Avaliação da Satisfação em Áreas da Vida Conjugale Procedimento de Avaliação do Self. Tendo em consideração os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que a representação positiva do Self tem um maior contributo na satisfação com a relação amorosa, comparativamente ao tipo de relacionamento amoroso estabelecido, o que se pode justificar pelo facto de a ligação ao objeto amoroso ter a finalidade de reparar falhas narcísicas há muito sentidas ao nível do Self; Abstract: “Self-representation, types of love relationships and relationship satisfaction” The present paper aims to realize how the three types of love relationships based on narcissistic needs– Submissive-Idealizer, Euphoric-Idealizing and Avoidant-Devaluate –and self-representation influencerelationship satisfaction. The study sample consisted of 110 subjects from different regions of the country and it was administrated a protocol with the following instruments: Love Relations Type Inventory, Marital Life Areas Satisfaction Evaluation Scale and TheAssessment of Self Descriptions. Taking into account the results obtained in the present study, it is concluded that positive self-representation has a greater contribution in satisfaction with the love relationship, compared to the types of love relationships established, which can be explained by the fact that the connection to the love-object is design to repair narcissistic failures previously felt to Self level.

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Liu, Chang. « Les France des Chinois : l'impact des représentations sociales sur l'image de la France ». Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0025/document.

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Notre questionnement débute par la mise en lumière d’une contradiction concernant la situation florissante des échanges sino-français. Nous constatons d'un côté l'essor du français et des échanges multiples qui s’accompagnent de représentations positives de la France en Chine, et de l'autre, la difficulté d’intégration des Chinois en France qui induit une image moins positive. Notre projet de recherche doctoral porte sur l’impact des représentations sociales chinoises sur l’image de la France chez les Chinois francisants. Pour ce faire, notre étude se base sur une approche qualitative, provenant principalement des questionnaires préliminaires et des entretiens réalisés auprès de Chinois de profils variés. Cette étude nous a amenée à analyser les facteurs historiques et sociaux en Chine, qui interfèrent avec les représentations de la France chez les Chinois, et en font un élément déterminant dans leur choix de la France. Il ressort que certains intermédiaires chinois (des médias, des personnes, etc.) véhiculent des images embellies, mais néanmoins, simplifiées et figées de la France. En outre, dans le processus du choix de la France chez les enquêtés chinois, les motivations pragmatiques dominent. D’ailleurs, il existe une situation contradictoire dans l’enseignement et l’apprentissage du français en Chine qui permet d’expliquer le décalage entre la France rêvée et la France vécue. En même temps, un complexe d’infériorité au sujet du rapport sinooccidental apparaît à travers les analyses. Il se résume à une vision contradictoire qui englobe un désir et un refus de l’Occident
Our inquiry begins by shedding light on a contradiction within the flourishing state of Sino-French exchanges: on one hand, the many exchanges between the two cultures and the increasing importance of French, which are accompanied by the positive representations of France in China; on the other hand, the difficulty for the Chinese to integrate in France, whichcauses a less than positive image. Our doctoral research project focuses on the impact of China's social representations on the image of France among the Chinese. To do this, our study follows a qualitative approach, is based upon preliminary questionnaires and interviews with Chinese of varied profiles. This study has led us to analyze historical and social factors in China, which interfere with the representations of France among the Chinese, and which are a determining factor in theirchoice of France. It appears that some Chinese intermediaries convey embellished images of France; nonetheless, these images are simplified and static. Furthermore, in the process of choosing France among Chinese respondents, pragmatic motivations dominate. Moreover, there is a contradictory situation in the teaching and learning of French in China, which may explain the difference between the France of dreams and the France of everyday life. At the same time, a inferiority complex on the Sino-western relationship appears through our analysis. It boils down to a contradictory vision that encompasses a desire and a rejection of the West

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Claésson, Linnea. « Managerial representation : Are Women Better Off in the Public or the Private Sector ? : A quantitative study of gender inequality in managerial authority in the Swedish welfare state service industries ». Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-175473.

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In recent decades, Sweden has seen a rapid increase in the share of health care, education and social care that is delivered by privately-owned companies. Such privatisation of welfare state services has by some of its advocators been viewed as a means to enhance gender equality in labour market outcomes; one of them being access to managerial positions. This thesis uses Swedish registry data to examine how the underrepresentation of female managers differs between public sector and private sector providers of welfare state services. Moreover, the analysis pays close attention to how employees’ family statuses – partnership and parenthood – influence careers in each of the sectors. The result shows that the gender gap in managerial authority is narrower in the public sector than in the private sector. However, family responsibilities are shown to have a smaller and more gender-equal influence on managerial authority among employees in the private sector. The thesis’ conclusion is, thus, that even though career opportunities might be more gender-equal in the public sector than in the private sector, the theoretical assumption that women’s careers are better off in the public sector because it is more “family-friendly” does not receive support.

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Diniz, Anthony Andrey Ramalho. « Contribui??o ao desenvolvimento de ontologias para processos petroqu?micos : estudo de caso em uma planta DEA ». Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12930.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnthonyARD_DISSERT.pdf: 2982432 bytes, checksum: 71a6d988a19819a67932642761ac3dda (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-03
In the last decades, the oil, gas and petrochemical industries have registered a series of huge accidents. Influenced by this context, companies have felt the necessity of engaging themselves in processes to protect the external environment, which can be understood as an ecological concern. In the particular case of the nuclear industry, sustainable education and training, which depend too much on the quality and applicability of the knowledge base, have been considered key points on the safely application of this energy source. As a consequence, this research was motivated by the use of the ontology concept as a tool to improve the knowledge management in a refinery, through the representation of a fuel gas sweetening plant, mixing many pieces of information associated with its normal operation mode. In terms of methodology, this research can be classified as an applied and descriptive research, where many pieces of information were analysed, classified and interpreted to create the ontology of a real plant. The DEA plant modeling was performed according to its process flow diagram, piping and instrumentation diagrams, descriptive documents of its normal operation mode, and the list of all the alarms associated to the instruments, which were complemented by a non-structured interview with a specialist in that plant operation. The ontology was verified by comparing its descriptive diagrams with the original plant documents and discussing with other members of the researchers group. All the concepts applied in this research can be expanded to represent other plants in the same refinery or even in other kind of industry. An ontology can be considered a knowledge base that, because of its formal representation nature, can be applied as one of the elements to develop tools to navigate through the plant, simulate its behavior, diagnose faults, among other possibilities
Nas ?ltimas d?cadas, o segmento de ?leo & g?s e petroqu?mica tem registrado uma s?rie de grandes acidentes. Influenciadas por esse contexto, as empresas tem sentido a necessidade de se engajar em processos de prote??o do ambiente externo, que se traduz na preocupa??o ecol?gica. No caso particular da ind?stria nuclear mundial, a educa??o sustent?vel e o treinamento, que dependem muito da qualidade e utilidade da base de conhecimento, t?m sido considerados pontos chave para utiliza??o desse tipo de energia com seguran?a. Dessa forma, a motiva??o dessa pesquisa foi aplicar o conceito de ontologia como ferramenta para melhorar a gest?o do conhecimento em uma refinaria, atrav?s da representa??o de uma planta de ado?amento de g?s combust?vel, condensando os v?rios tipos informa??es associados com o seu modo de opera??o normal. Em termos de metodologia, este estudo pode ser classificado como uma pesquisa aplicada e descritiva, em que foram analisadas, classificadas e interpretadas informa??es que possibilitaram criar a ontologia descritiva de uma planta real. A modelagem da planta DEA foi realizada de acordo com os fluxogramas de processo, fluxogramas de tubula??o e instrumenta??o, documentos descritivos de seu modo de opera??o e a rela??o de alarmes associados, que foram complementadas com uma entrevista n?o estruturada de um especialista em seu modo de opera??o. A valida??o aconteceu atrav?s da compara??o de grafos montados a partir da ontologia com a documenta??o original e debatidos com o grupo de trabalho. Os conceitos utilizados nesta pesquisa podem ser expandidos para representar outras plantas da pr?pria refinaria ou mesmo de outras ind?strias. A ontologia pode ser considerada uma base de conhecimento, que devido ao seu car?ter formal, pode ser aplicada como um dos elementos no desenvolvimento de ferramentas de navega??o da planta, simula??o de comportamento, diagn?stico de falhas, dentre outras possibilidades

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Silva, Márcia Barbosa. « Representações de homossexuais nos livros didáticos de história para os anos finais do ensino fundamental, distribuídos pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático ». Pós-Graduação em Educação, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4896.

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This work aims to notice what is the representation of homosexual in the History textbooks that were evaluated, approved and distributed by Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD). This way, we analyze the principal texts and exercises which were inserted in the following events: Nazism and Counterculture. The period of time of our research goes from 2005 until 2011 and it was chose based on two public policies that were created to promote the respect to sexual diversities, the Brasil Sem Homofobia program from 2004 and the Plano Nacional para Promoção da Cidadania e Direitos Humanos de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, e Transexuais (LGBT) from 2008. The research was done in two stages; in the first one there was an exploratory search and in the second one, the study of event. This study is important to promote reflections in the field of History of Education about how the homosexual is being represented in textbooks because these materials are a teaching and learning tool that works on the construction of identities, and the function of school is to contribute for promoting respect for diversity.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo perceber qual a representação do homossexual nos livros didáticos de História que foram avaliados, aprovados e distribuídos pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD). Para tanto, analisamos os textos principais e exercícios que se inserem nos seguintes acontecimentos: Nazismo e Contracultura. O nosso recorte temporal abrange o período de 2005 a 2011 e foi escolhido com base em duas políticas públicas que foram criadas com o intuito de promover o respeito às diversidades sexuais: o Programa Brasil Sem Homofobia, de 2004, e o Plano Nacional para Promoção da Cidadania e Direitos Humanos de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais e Transexuais (LGBT), de 2008. A análise da pesquisa se processou em duas etapas: na primeira, houve a pesquisa exploratória e na segunda, o estudo do acontecimento. Este estudo é relevante para que haja reflexões no campo da História da Educação a respeito de como o homossexual vem sendo representado nos livros didáticos, visto que estes materiais didáticos são uma ferramenta de ensino-aprendizagem que age na construção de identidades e é função da escola contribuir para a promoção do respeito às diversidades.

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Swart, Marinda. « A Scheduling model for a coal handling facility [electronic resource] / ». Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25388.

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The objective of this project is to develop an operational scheduling model for Sasol Mining’s coal handling facility, Sasol Coal Supply (referred to as SCS), to optimise daily operations. In this document, the specific scheduling problem at SCS is presented and solved using Mixed Integer Non-Linear Programming (MINLP) continuous time representation techniques. The most recent MINLP scheduling techniques are presented and applied to an example problem. The assumption is made that the results from the example problem will display trends which will apply to the SCS scheduling problem as well. Based on this assumption, the unit-specific event based continuous time formulation is chosen to apply to the SCS scheduling problem. The detail mathematical formulation of the SCS scheduling problem, based on the chosen technique, is discussed and the necessary changes presented to customise the formulation for the SCS situation. The results presented show that the first phase model does not solve within 72 hours. A solution time of more than three days is not acceptable for an operational scheduling model in a dynamic system like SCS. Various improvement approaches are applied during the second phase of the model development. Special Ordered Sets of Type 1 (SOS1) variables are successfully applied in the model to reduce the amount of binary variables. The time and duration constraints are restructured to simplify the structure of the model. A specific linearization and solution technique is applied to the non-linear equations to ensure reduced model solution times and reliable results. The improved model for one period solves to optimality within two minutes. This dramatic improvement ensures that the model will be used operationally at SCS to optimise daily operations. The scheduling model is currently being implemented at SCS. Examples of the input variables and output results are presented. It is concluded that the unit-specific event based MINLP continuous time formulation method, as presented in the literature, is not robust enough to be applied to an operational industrial-sized scheduling problem such as the SCS problem. Customised modifications to the formulation are necessary to ensure that the model solves in a time acceptable for operational use. However, it is proved that Mixed Integer Non-linear Programming (MINLP) can successfully be applied to optimise the scheduling of an industrial-sized plant such as SCS. Although more research is required to derive robust formulation techniques, the principle of using mathematical methods to optimise operational scheduling in industry can dramatically impact the way plants are operated. The optimisation of daily schedules at SCS by applying the MINLP continuous time scheduling technique, has made a significant contribution to the coal handling industry. Finally, it can be concluded that the SCS scheduling problem was successfully modelled and the operational scheduling model will add significant value to the Sasol Group.
Dissertation (MEng (Industrial Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Industrial and Systems Engineering
unrestricted

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Pourmazaheri, Afsaneh. « Écarts semantico-référentiels dans la représentation de l’Autre, les récits de voyage en Perse au 19e siècle ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA043.

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Ce travail de recherche s’interroge sur la perception et la représentation discursive de référents exotiques perses filtrées par un regard occidental dans vingt récits de voyageurs français du XIXe siècle. Les énonciateurs-voyageurs, placés dans un contexte linguistique et culturel étranger, tentent de saisir et de transcrire leurs observations sur le terrain en fonction de leur intellect, leur cognition, leur expérience, leur sensation et sentiment. Cette représentation n’est pas plate, objective ou neutre. Une série d’éléments discursifs, langagiers, culturels, subjectifs et marqués par l’altérité viennent modifier la représentation que l’auteur-voyageur donne du référent et de l’univers référentiel auquel il est confronté. C’est à cette « façon occidentale » de voir les « choses orientales » et à l’intervention de l’idéologie (subjective ou intersubjective) que nous nous intéressons dans cette étude. Il ne s’agit pas pour autant d’établir une dichotomie entre une bonne ou une mauvaise vision du monde dans un espace décalé mais uniquement de relever sur le plan langagier et discursif, les éléments qui traduisent cet « écart sémantico-référentiel » dans la représentation du référent dans ce type de texte. Pour mener cette recherche nous avons dû articuler trois niveaux d’analyse : lexical, textuel et discursif. Un cadre historique, contextuel et théorique est d’abord élaboré pour laisser ensuite la place à la question de la représentation et des contraintes (textuelles, subjectives, idéologiques) de cette transmission de données majoritairement descriptives. Nous analysons les effets discursifs produits par l’usage des ressources linguistiques ainsi que par les positionnements énonciatifs des auteurs-voyageurs. Ces outils d’analyse langagiers et discursifs permettent de mettre en relief ce regard marqué par l’altérité dans vingt récits de voyageurs français. Les résultats de cette analyse critique discursive constituent autant de données concrètes à insérer dans le champ des études postcoloniales et de la critique de l’orientalisme
This work investigates the perception and the discursive representation of Persian exotic referents filtered by a western look in nineteen travel stroeis of French travelers of the nineteenth century. Traveler-enunciators, placed in a foreign linguistic and cultural context, attempt to transcribe what they see according to their intellect, cognition, experience and feelings. This representation is not flat, objective or neutral. A series of discursive, linguistic, cultural, subjective elements marked by alterity filter the perception or modify the representation that the author-traveler gives of the referent and the referential universe to which he is confronted. It is in this "western way" of seeing "oriental things" and the question of subjectivity in the representation of the other that we are interested in this study. It is not necessary to establish a dichotomy between a good or a bad vision of the world in a space shifted but only to raise linguistically and discursively the elements that translate this "semantic-referential gap" in the representation of the referent in this type of text. To carry out this research we had to articulate three levels of analysis: lexicon, textuality and discourse. Information on the context is first proposed to leave room for the question of the representation and the restrictions (textual, subjective, ideological) of this transmission of data mainly descriptive. We analyze the discursive effects produced by the use of these linguistic resources and by the enunciative positions. These linguistic and discursive analysis tools make it possible to highlight this look marked by otherness in nineteen travel stories. The results of this critical discursive analysis constitute so much concrete data to be inserted in the field of the postcolonial of Orientalism

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Guérin, Clément. « Proposition d'un cadre pour l'analyse automatique, l'interprétation et la recherche interactive d'images de bande dessinée ». Thesis, La Rochelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LAROS024/document.

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Le paysage numérique de la culture française et mondiale subit de grands bouleversements depuis une quinzaine d’années avec des mutations historiques des médias, de leur format traditionnel au format numérique, tirant avantageusement parti des nouveaux moyens de communication et des dispositifs mobiles aujourd’hui popularisés. Aux côtés de formes culturelles ayant achevé, ou étant en passe d’achever, leur transition vers le numérique, la bande dessinée tâtonne encore pour trouver sa place dans l’espace du tout dématérialisé. En parallèle de l’émergence de jeunes auteurs créant spécifiquement pour ces nouveaux supports de lecture que sont ordinateurs, tablettes et smartphones, plusieurs acteurs du monde socio-économique s’intéressent à la valorisation du patrimoine existant. Les efforts se concentrent autant sur une démarche d’adaptation des œuvres aux nouveaux paradigmes de lecture que sur celle d’une indexation de leur contenu facilitant la recherche d’informations dans des bases d’albums numérisés ou dans des collections d’œuvres rares. La problématique est double, il s’agit premièrement d’être en mesure d’identifier la structure d’une planche de bande dessinée en se basant sur des extractions de primitives, issues d’une analyse d’image, validées et corrigées grâce à l’action conjointe de deux ontologies, la première manipulant les extractions d’images bas-niveau, la deuxième modélisant les règles de composition classiques de la bande dessinée franco-belge. Dans un second temps l’accent est mis sur l’enrichissement sémantique des éléments identifiés comme composants individuels d’une planche en s’appuyant sur les relations spatiales qu’ils entretiennent les uns avec les autres ainsi que sur leurs caractéristiques physiques intrinsèques. Ces annotations peuvent porter sur des éléments seuls (place d’une case dans la séquence de lecture) ou sur des liens entre éléments (texte prononcé par un personnage)
Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, the cultural industry, both in France and worldwide, has been through a massive and historical mutation. They have had to adapt to the emerging digital technology represented by the Internet and the new handheld devices such as smartphones and tablets. Although some industries successfully transfered a piece of their activity to the digital market and are about to find a sound business model, the comic books industry keeps looking for the right solution and has not yet produce anything as convincing as the music or movie offers. While many new young authors and writers use their creativity to produce specifically digital designed pieces of art, some other minds are focused on the preservation and the development of the already existing heritage. So far, efforts have been concentrated on the transfer from printed to digital support, with a special attention given to their specific features and how they can be used to create new reading conventions. There has also been some concerns about the content indexing, which is a hard task regarding the large amount of data created since the very beginning of the comics history. From a scientific point of view, there are several issues related to these goals. First, it implies to be able to identify the underlying structure of a comic books page. This comes through the extraction of the page's components, their validation and their correction based on the representation and reasoning capacities of two ontologies. The first one focus on the representation of the image analysis concepts and the second one represents the comic books domain knowledge. Secondly, a special attention is given to the semantic enhancement of the extracted elements, based on their spatial relations to each others and on their own characteristics. These annotations can be related to elements only (e.g. the position of a panel in the reading sequence), or to the bound between several elements (e.g. the text pronounced by a character)

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de, Lazzer Jakob. « Selection Issues in the Analysis of Wages and in the Analysis of Electoral Outcomes ». Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20082.

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Diese Dissertation umfasst vier Aufsätze welche die Effekte von nicht-zufälliger Selektion betrachten. Im ersten Aufsatz wird analysiert welche Rolle die geänderte Zusammensetzung der Erwerbsbevölkerung für die Entwicklung der Lohnungleichheit spielt. Vollzeit-Erwerbstätige weisen zunehmend Episoden von Teilzeitarbeit und Erwerbsunterbrechungen in ihren Biographien auf. Dies hat maßgeblich zum Anstieg der Lohnungleichheit beigetragen. Der zweite Aufsatz betrachtet die Effekte von gesunkener Arbeitslosigkeit auf Lohnungleichheit.. Wenn sich die Selektion in Vollzeit oder Arbeitslosigkeit ändert, kann dies zu steigender Lohnungleichheit führen. Dies ist insbesondere dann der Fall wenn Personen neu in Beschäftigung kommen, die eine Negativauswahl der Erwerbsbevölkerung sind. Jedoch zeigt sich, als Resultat einer Analyse mit selektionskorrigierten Quantilsregressionen, dass diese veränderte Selektion nicht zum Anstieg der Lohnungleichheit beigetragen hat. Im dritten Aufsatz geht es um nicht-monotone Selektion bei Regression Discontinuity Designs (RDD). Die Annahmen, auf welchen RDDs beruhen, können verletzt sein wenn sich sowohl Individuen in die Maßnahmengruppe hinein, als auch aus ihr heraus selektieren. Der Aufsatz beschreibt diesen Selektionsmechanismus und zeigt seine praktische Relevanz. Zudem wird ein Spezifikationstest vorgestellt um das Problem im Vorfeld der Analyse zu erkennen. Der vierte Aufsatz untersucht Wählerpräferenzen für das Geschlecht politischer Kandidaten. Es wird analysiert ob das Zusammenspiel von Berufsinformationen und Geschlecht die geringere Repräsentation von Frauen erklären kann. Dazu wurde ein Feldexperiment durchgeführt. Es zeigt sich dass weibliche Kandidaten einen Stimmvorteil genießen solange keine Berufsinformationen angegeben sind. Sobald jedoch die Berufe der Kandidaten bekannt sind kehrt sich dies in einen Stimmvorteil für männliche Kandidaten um.
This thesis comprises four essays which study effects of non-random selection. The first essay analyzes the role of changes in labor force composition for the development of wage inequality among full-time workers. Of particular interest are the effects of increasingly common episodes of temporary part-time work and nonemployment among full-time workers. Such episodes, have contributed substantially to the rise in wage inequality. The second essay studies the effects of declining unemployment on inequality of wages. Changing selection over time between unemployment and full-time work could lead to increasingly diverse wages, particularly if sinking unemployment implies an influx of negatively selected workers into employment. However, results from a selection corrected quantile regression approach show that changing selection with respect to unobservables is not a contributor to the rise in wage inequality. The third essay studies non-monotonic selection in regression discontinuity designs (RDD). When similar numbers of individual select into and out of treatment simultaneously, the identifying assumption of the RDD can be violated. The essay describes the selection mechanisms and demonstrates it’s practical relevance. It then suggests an enhancement to the standard specification tests for RDDs, which can detect non-monotonic sorting in advance. The fourth essay studies voter’s valuation of candidate gender. It examines whether the presence of profession information coupled with voter preferences for stereotypical male occupations may explain part of the gender gap in parliaments. The analysis is conducted as a field experiment built into an exit-poll of voters in Germany in 2014. The results show a vote share bonus for women in the absence of profession information. Once voters know the profession of candidates, however, this changes towards a small edge for male candidates.

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Mansour, Tarek. « Implicit geometric representation of gas turbine blades for optimal shape design ». Thesis, 2005. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/8236/1/MR04422.pdf.

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This work is concerned with the development and integration of two geometric representations of turbine blade profiles that are appropriate for aerodynamic optimization. The first model is the Modified Rapid Axial Turbine Design (MRATD) model where the blade is represented by five low-order curves that satisfy fifteen designer parameters; this model is suitable for a global search of the design space. The second model is based on a Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) parametrization that implicitly represents the MRATD profile and the implied designer parameters; this model can be used for a local shape refinement. The two models are presented and are assessed for flexibility, accuracy and curve smoothness when representing several typical turbine blade profiles. The models are also assessed in terms of their effect on the blades aerodynamic performance as measured by the pressure distribution along the blade surfaces. The usefulness of the MRATD model is demonstrated in the global shape optimization of a subsonic cascade. The NURBS parametrization provides a means to control the blade profile locally, e.g., the blade curvature near a point smoothened by adjusting the NURBS control points and corresponding weights defining the given region. Finally, a 3D blade design model that uses the NURBS skinning technique is developed and assessed in terms of its precision and smoothness. This 3D model sets the foundation towards developing a robust scheme for 3D aerodynamic optimization.

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Lin, Shih-Fang, et 林詩舫. « Developing a business process representation for gap analysis of process logic ». Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76506345344996747870.

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碩士
明志科技大學
工程管理研究所
94
Abstract With the rapid change of worldwide competition environment, using Business Process Management (BPM) methodologies to improve process operation has become the most important way for competitiveness improvement. Therefore, process analysis has become the center of business process engineering (BPE) system. Process Benchmarking (PB) and Business Process Reengineering (BPR) using Gap Analysis of Process Logic (GAPL) to review companies’ processes have become the most popular method for process improvement. However, the process analysis functions that BPE system provided always focus on process reachability, simulation and diagnosis, test and verify, and performance analysis. There is no BPE system really supports GAPL between business process models. For this reason, the objective of this research is to develop a process representation that can be integrated in existing BPE system and help project team to deal with the GAPL task. First, a suitable business process representation for GAPL was developed and then an analysis and comparison method based on the proposed representation was introduced.

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Kelly, Janya L. « Impact of parameter representation in gas-particle partitioning on aerosol yield model prediction / ». 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR29331.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2007. Graduate Programme in Earth and Space Science.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-121). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR29331

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Sehlabi, Tumelo Bernard. « The representation of homosexual men in the soap opera Generations ». Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9452.

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This research examined the representation of homosexual men in soap opera Generations. It reveals that while homosexual characters have been incorporated in the locally produced soap opera Generations, the representation of such characters is revealed as 'other’. This dissertation argued that the representation of homosexual men in soap opera Generations are categorized negatively often being seen to be morally degenerate consequently; the inclusion of homosexual men in Generations is often associated with negative stereotypes. This study argues that homosexual men in Generations are often represented as having problems to be solved. This include homosexual men being faced with secrecy, shame, guilt, homosexual violence, rejection and other negative stereotypes as represented in soap opera Generations. The research highlights the social constructions and gender stereotypes in mainstream media television which consider homosexuality as abnormal, unnatural and sickness. The secrecy of homosexuality implied by mainstream media television representation makes homosexuality to appear as something concealed and related to shame and regret. In addition, the dissertation also looks in-depth into categories of negative stereotypes where being a gay primarily realizes on the rigid gender schemas exploited by the mainstream media television to represent homosexual men as not men enough which appeared as natural rather than socially constructed. This study‟s theoretical frame work brought together the concepts of different area of enquiry such as negative representation of homosexuality, homophobia, secrecy, guilt, shame while using discourse analysis. The major areas addressing the coding includes the representation of homosexuality in the text, soap operas' (Generations) representation of homosexual men and the specific themes and objectives guiding each selected episode of Generations.
Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-Unversity of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.

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Lee, EKJ. « Redeeming ‘slippery’ meaning from the gap between the present and past : exploring visual art processes and visual representation ». Thesis, 2018. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/30170/1/Lee_E_whole_thesis.pdf.

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This study identifies and then investigates processes intrinsic to artworks that interrogate similarity and difference as situated within different assemblages of materials in artistic space. The impetus for this investigation emerged from an opportunity identified within the existing field of knowledge to redeem slippery meaning from the transitory space between two and three-dimensional forms. In doing so, the investigation demonstrates and makes explicit the significance of process and how it is integral to assembling meaning. This research explicates my current practices in relational concept and form with previous approaches to art-making, exploring art practices of other artists and published writings by Walter Benjamin, Georges Bataille and Gilles Deleuze. The research considers an artistic position that does not differentiate between sketches, painting, montage and assemblage. In doing so, the investigation explores issues such as ‘formlessness’ in the context of transposition, and slippage in relation to porosity within the procedural application of transparent polymer for three-dimensional painting. The main outcome of this research is the formation of a physically distinctive artistic perception and art practice, emerging in process through layers of transparency to blur the distinction between two- and three-dimensional forms. The research explores by critical examination creative practice as a layered differentiation, adopting an entanglement of creative approaches that challenges the threshold between two- and three-dimensional materials and approaches. In my practice-led research the redemption of slippage and the investigation of the layered space between various materials, positions us to make complex visual renderings of the value between two and three-dimensional data. The research outcome produced reflects the diversity and connectivity that is created when layers impact, entangle and dissect.

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Sen, Shiraj. « Bridging the gap between autonomous skill learning and task-specific planning ». 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3556285.

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Skill acquisition and task specific planning are essential components of any robot system, yet they have long been studied in isolation. This, I contend, is due to the lack of a common representational framework. I present a holistic approach to planning robot behavior, using previously acquired skills to represent control knowledge (and objects) directly, and to use this background knowledge to build plans in the space of control actions. Actions in this framework are closed-loop controllers constructed from combinations of sensors, effectors, and potential functions. I will show how robots can use reinforcement learning techniques to acquire sensorimotor programs. The agent then builds a functional model of its interactions with the world as distributions over the acquired skills. In addition, I present two planning algorithms that can reason about a task using the functional models. These algorithms are then applied to a variety of tasks such as object recognition and object manipulation to achieve its objective on two different robot platforms.

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« Bridging the Gap between Classical Logic Based Formalisms and Logic Programs ». Doctoral diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.14557.

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abstract: Different logic-based knowledge representation formalisms have different limitations either with respect to expressivity or with respect to computational efficiency. First-order logic, which is the basis of Description Logics (DLs), is not suitable for defeasible reasoning due to its monotonic nature. The nonmonotonic formalisms that extend first-order logic, such as circumscription and default logic, are expressive but lack efficient implementations. The nonmonotonic formalisms that are based on the declarative logic programming approach, such as Answer Set Programming (ASP), have efficient implementations but are not expressive enough for representing and reasoning with open domains. This dissertation uses the first-order stable model semantics, which extends both first-order logic and ASP, to relate circumscription to ASP, and to integrate DLs and ASP, thereby partially overcoming the limitations of the formalisms. By exploiting the relationship between circumscription and ASP, well-known action formalisms, such as the situation calculus, the event calculus, and Temporal Action Logics, are reformulated in ASP. The advantages of these reformulations are shown with respect to the generality of the reasoning tasks that can be handled and with respect to the computational efficiency. The integration of DLs and ASP presented in this dissertation provides a framework for integrating rules and ontologies for the semantic web. This framework enables us to perform nonmonotonic reasoning with DL knowledge bases. Observing the need to integrate action theories and ontologies, the above results are used to reformulate the problem of integrating action theories and ontologies as a problem of integrating rules and ontologies, thus enabling us to use the computational tools developed in the context of the latter for the former.
Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Computer Science 2012

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Sneed, Roger Alex. « Virtually invisible the representations of homosexuality in black theology, African American cultural criticism, and black gay men's literature / ». Diss., 2006. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/ETD-db/available/etd-03292006-104642/.

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Trogdon, Kelly. « Phenomenal acquaintance ». 2009. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3380032.

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Chapter 1 of Phenomenal Acquaintance is devoted to taking care of some preliminary issues. I begin by distinguishing those states of awareness in virtue of which we’re acquainted with the phenomenal characters of our experiences from those states of awareness some claim are at the very nature of experience. Then I reconcile the idea that experience is transparent with the claim that we can be acquainted with phenomenal character. In Chapter 2 I set up a dilemma that is the primary focus of the dissertation. In the first part of this chapter I argue that phenomenal acquaintance has three key features, what I call its ‘directness’, ‘thickness’, and ‘infallibility’. In the second part I argue, however, that it’s really quite puzzling how thoughts about phenomenal character (or any thoughts, for that matter) could have them. In the next two chapters I consider how we might resolve the dilemma described above. I begin in Chapter 3 by considering an account of phenomenal acquaintance inspired by Bertrand Russell’s discussion of acquaintance. The general idea here is to excise mental representation from phenomenal acquaintance, and I ultimately reject the proposal. Chapter 4 is the core chapter of Phenomenal Acquaintance. In it I propose an account of phenomenal acquaintance that doesn’t excise mental representation. My account is comprised of three theses. First, token experiences are complex and have instances of phenomenal properties as components. Second, instances of phenomenal properties are mental representations, and they represent themselves. Third, the attention relevant to phenomenal acquaintance is underwritten by self-representation. I argue that my account explains how phenomenal acquaintance is direct, thick, and infallible, thereby resolving our dilemma. I argue in Chapter 5 that my account of phenomenal acquaintance explains why there is an explanatory gap between the phenomenal and non-phenomenal truths. Accordingly, I conclude that the explanatory gap doesn’t pose a problem for physicalism. Here I implement what has come to be called the ‘phenomenal concept strategy’ for responding to the challenge posed by the explanatory gap.

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Berto, Tony. « Are We There Yet ? Gay Representation in Contemporary Canadian Drama ». Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/7372.

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This study acknowledges that historical antipathies towards gay men have marginalised their theatrical representation in the past. However, over the last century a change has occurred in the social location of gay men in Canada (from being marginalised to being included). Given these changes, questions arise as to whether staged representations of gay men are still marginalised today. Given antipathies towards homosexuality and homophobia may contribute to the how theatres determine the riskiness of productions, my investigation sought a correlation between financial risk in theatrical production and the marginalisation of gay representations on stage. Furthermore, given that gay sex itself, and its representation on stage, have been theorised as loci of antipathies to gayness, I investigate the relationship between the visibility and overtness of gay sex in a given play and the production of that play’s proximity to the mainstream. The study located four plays from across the spectrum of production conditions (from high to low financial risk) in BC. Analysis of these four plays shows general trends, not only in the plays’ constructions but also in the material conditions of their productions that indicate that gay representations become more overt, visible and sexually explicit when less financial risk was at stake. Various factors are identified – including the development of the script, the producing theatre, venue, and promotion of the production – that shape gay representation. The analysis reveals that historical theatrical practices, that have had the effect of marginalizing the representations of gays in the past, are still in place. These practices appear more prevalent the higher the financial risk of the production.
The author would like to sincerely thank Ann Wilson, Ric Knowles, Matthew Hayday, Alan Shepard, Sky Gilbert, Daniel MacIvor, Michael Lewis MacLennan, Conrad Alexandrowicz, Chris Grignard, Edward Roy, Brad Fraser, Cole J. Alvis, Jonathan Seinan, David Oiye, Clinton Walker, Sean Cummings, Darrin Hagin, and Chris Galatchian.
SSHRC, The Heather McCallum Scholarship, Lambda Prize for achievement in lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans-gendered studies.

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