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1
Willmot, Eric. « Aboriginal Broadcasting in Remote Australia ». Media Information Australia 43, no 1 (février 1987) : 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8704300112.
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A review of Eric Michaels' report Aboriginal Invention of Television: Central Australia 1982–1986, Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, Canberra, 1986, 159p, gratis; and policy considerations for Aboriginal broadcasting in remote Australia.
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Knipe, Sally, et Christine Bottrell. « Staffing remote schools : Perennial failure ». Journal of Global Education and Research 7, no 2 (juillet 2023) : 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/2577-509x.7.2.1197.
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Educational and socioeconomic disadvantage in remote communities, and the inadequacies of government action to bring about significant change needs to be addressed. This article presents a descriptive study examining the complexities of staffing remote and very remote schools in Australia with appropriately-qualified teachers. The findings of analysis of data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) on behalf of the Australian Government through the National Schools Statistics Collection (NSSC) indicate that the majority of students in remote schools in Australia live, and are educated in, Indigenous communities in three jurisdictions. This raises concerns of unacknowledged and unacceptable discrimination. Complexity within the current approach to resourcing of remote and very remote schools in Australia, especially in relation to economies of scale are explored. The analysis of existing data was discussed, and how this may be used to address the perennial failure to develop quality decisions, particularly in areas of resourcing in remote and very remote schools.
3
Scott, Ted. « Issues in education in remote rural Australia ». Australian and International Journal of Rural Education 1, no 1 (5 mars 2019) : 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47381/aijre.v1i1.241.
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The term Rural Australia is being used by the Commonwealth Government in recent times very , very broadly, indeed, to encompass about ninety five percent (95%) of the Australian mainland. Indeed, it deals with virtually all of Australia that is outside the large metropolitan areas and is more than fifty (50) kilometres remote from a sizeable community. Now, having said that it embraces ninety five percent (95%) of Australia, you would realise, of course, that encompassed in that area are a number of very significant communities that are focal points for the territory around them. In a sense we might talk about those areas as being provincial Australia. If you come from provincial Australia tonight, then I apologise as my remarks are not going to be really addressed to you. I am going to take the other section that we really call remote Australia. I am talking about those smaller country towns, the small service towns. I am talking about the railway fettlers' camps. I am talking about the station properties, and the farming communities, and the isolated aboriginal communities.
4
L., Cecil A. « Female Indigenous entrepreneurship in remote communities in northern Australia ». Information Management and Business Review 6, no 6 (30 décembre 2014) : 329–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v6i6.1131.
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Little is known about Australian Indigenous female entrepreneurship. Misconceptions typifying Australian Indigenous businesses are community enterprises are encumbered by research limitations, generalisations and stereotyping; the material is seldom voiced by Australian Indigenous people; and few sources detail the challenges for grass roots female Indigenous entrepreneurs in remote Australian Aboriginal communities that maintain patriarchal cultures. In this paper is described how 21 Indigenous female entrepreneurs in a remote region of northern Australia have tailored their businesses to comply with the regulatory and statutory framework of the dominant society while preserving sensitivity to the traditional cultural norms, rules, and obligations. The data were independently corroborated by Indigenous and non Indigenous men of recognised standing in the region. These empirical observations provide foundation for better informed judgements about the business environment in remote regions of Australia, which is fundamental when developing policies for delivering sustainable female Indigenous small businesses.
5
Peiris, Sujanie, Janneke Berecki-Gisolf, Bernard Chen et Brian Fildes. « Road Trauma in Regional and Remote Australia and New Zealand in Preparedness for ADAS Technologies and Autonomous Vehicles ». Sustainability 12, no 11 (26 mai 2020) : 4347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114347.
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Achieving remote and rural road safety is a global challenge, exacerbated in Australia and New Zealand by expansive geographical variations and inconsistent population density. Consequently, there exists a rural-urban differential in road crash involvement in Australasia. New vehicle technologies are expected to minimise road trauma globally by performing optimally on high quality roads with predictable infrastructure. Anecdotally, however, Australasia’s regional and remote areas do not fit this profile. The aim of this study was to determine if new vehicle technologies are likely to reduce road trauma, particularly in regional and remote Australia and New Zealand. An extensive review was performed using publicly available data. Road trauma in regional and remote Australasia was found to be double that of urban regions, despite the population being approximately one third of that in urban areas. Fatalities in 100 km/h + speed zones were overrepresented, suggestive of poor speed limit settings. Despite new vehicle ownership in regional and remote Australasia being comparable to major cities, road infrastructure supportive of new vehicle technologies appear lacking, with only 1.3–42% of all Australian roads, and 67% of all New Zealand roads being fully sealed. With road quality in regional and remote areas being poorly mapped, the benefits of Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) technologies cannot be realised despite the fact new vehicles with these technologies are penetrating the fleet. Investments should be made into sealing and separating roads but more importantly, for mapping the road network to create a unified tracking system which quantifies readiness at a national level.
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Bourke, Sharon L., Claire Harper, Elianna Johnson, Janet Green, Ligi Anish, Miriam Muduwa et Linda Jones. « Health Care Experiences in Rural, Remote, and Metropolitan Areas of Australia ». Online Journal of Rural Nursing and Health Care 21, no 1 (4 mai 2021) : 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v21i1.652.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: Australia is a vast land with extremes in weather and terrain. Disparities exist between the health of those who reside in the metropolitan areas versus those who reside in the rural and remote areas of the country. Australia has a public health system called Medicare; a basic level of health cover for all Australians that is funded by taxpayers. Most of the hospital and health services are located in metropolitan areas, however for those who live in rural or remote areas the level of health service provision can be lower; with patients required to travel long distances for health care.
Purpose: This paper will explore the disparities experienced by Australians who reside in regional and remote areas of Australia.
Method: A search of the literature was performed from healthcare databases using the search terms: healthcare, rural and remote Australia, and social determinants of health in Australia.
Findings: Life in the rural and remote areas of Australia is identified as challenging compared to the metropolitan areas. Those with chronic illnesses such as diabetes are particularly vulnerable to morbidities associated with poor access to health resources and the lack of service provision.
Conclusion: Australia has a world class health system. It has been estimated that 70% of the Australian population resides in large metropolitan areas and remaining 30% distributed across rural and remote communities. This means that 30% of the population are not experiencing their health care as ‘world-class’, but rather are experiencing huge disparities in their health outcomes.
Keywords: rural and remote, health access, mental health issues, social determinants
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v21i1.652
7
Fisher, Daniel T. « An Urban Frontier : Respatializing Government in Remote Northern Australia ». Cultural Anthropology 30, no 1 (9 février 2015) : 139–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14506/ca30.1.08.
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This essay draws on ethnographic research with Aboriginal Australians living in the parks and bush spaces of a Northern Australian city to analyze some new governmental measures by which remoteness comes to irrupt within urban space and to adhere to particular categories of people who live in and move through this space. To address this question in contemporary Northern Australia is also to address the changing character of the Australian government of Aboriginal people as it moves away from issues of redress and justice toward a state of emergency ostensibly built on settler Australian compassion and humanitarian concern. It also means engaging with the mediatization of politics and its relation to the broader, discursive shaping of such spatial categories as remote and urban. I suggest that remoteness forms part of the armory of recent political efforts to reshape Aboriginal policy in Northern Australia. These efforts leverage remoteness to diagnose the ills of contemporary Aboriginal society, while producing remoteness itself as a constitutive feature of urban space.
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Woodward, E. « Social networking for Aboriginal land management in remote northern Australia remote northern Australia ». Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 15, no 4 (décembre 2008) : 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2008.9725208.
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Coyle, Meaghan, Mohammad A. Al-Motlaq, Jane Mills, Karen Francis et Melanie Birks. « An integrative review of the role of registered nurses in remote and isolated practice ». Australian Health Review 34, no 2 (2010) : 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah09743.
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Objective.To examine the role of the registered nurse in remote and isolated areas of Queensland, the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia; and to illustrate the impact of the burden of disease on nursing practice. Data sources.A literature search was undertaken using electronic databases and the grey literature (including policy documents, project reports and position descriptions). Data synthesis.The role of the nurse in remote areas is diverse, and varies according to the context of practice. Although some states and territories offer formal programs to prepare nurses for the role, it is unclear whether this is routinely provided. The burden of disease is higher in remote Australia, and although nurses work to reduce the burden, the need to provide primary care can be at the expense of primary health care. Conclusions.Whilst the nature of nursing practice is influenced by many factors, considerable agreement exists between states and territories around the role of the registered nurses in remote and isolated communities. The higher burden of disease in remote and isolated areas of Australia impacts on nursing practice, and nurses are uniquely placed to assist in reducing the burden of disease. Greater agreement around what constitutes ‘remote’ is needed. What is known about the topic?Many papers have reported on the difficulties encountered by registered nurses in remote and isolated practice; however, there is a dearth of information describing the role of registered nurses in remote or isolated Australian communities. What does this paper add?This review describes the diverse role of nurses and their role in addressing the burden of disease in remote and isolated Australia. Comparison between states and territories highlights differences in preparation for the role. What are the implications for practitioners?National agreement is needed around preparation for practice, conditions of work, and what constitutes ‘remote’. Greater utilisation of the nursing workforce in remote and isolated areas would assist in addressing the burden of disease.
10
VILLARBA, Angelina, et Kevin WARR. « Home haemodialysis in remote Australia ». Nephrology 9, s4 (décembre 2004) : S134—S137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2004.00349.x.
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Smith, Kathy, Janice Diamond, Chris Levy, Lyn Miles et Yolanda van Eck. « Remote Occupational Therapists in Australia ». World Federation of Occupational Therapists Bulletin 17, no 1 (janvier 1988) : 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14473828.1988.11785169.
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Nakata, Martin, et Elizabeth Mackinlay. « Editorial ». Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 44, no 2 (7 octobre 2015) : iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2015.28.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This special issue of The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education presents a second volume of papers which specifically address the issue of remote education for Indigenous Australians. ‘Red Dirt Revisited’, edited by John Guenther, presents findings from his team working on the Remote Education Systems (RES) project within the Cooperative Research Centre for Remote Economic Participation (CRC-REP). Focusing on a number of remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander educational sites in the Northern Territory, Western Australia and South Australia, the RES project is now in its final stages and the main intention behind this special issue is to share significant findings from this important research. Much of the work presented here is by postgraduate students and AJIE is very pleased to be able to provide a voice and forum to support and ‘grow’ early career researchers in our field.
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Maxwell, Stephen, et David Berschauer. « A New Endemic Species of Milariconus Tucker & ; Tenorio, 2009 (Gastropoda : Conidae) from Western Australia ». Festivus 55, no 3 (1 août 2023) : 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54173/f553170.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A new species of Miliariconus from tropical Western Australia, is described based on morphological differences with known taxa from that region. The new species differs from known Australian species in sculptural form and colour. This species further highlights the endemism of much of the new taxa that is being discovered in remote northern Australia.
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Cornelius, Karen, et Aidan Cornelius-Bell. « Systemic racism, a prime minister, and the remote Australian school system ». Radical Teacher 122 (28 avril 2022) : 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/rt.2022.935.
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Remote Australian schools face complex contextual issues due to systemic and enduring disadvantage. The structures and systems put in place to support and provide advantage for Indigenous Australians continually fail to meet their mark due to colonial structures, policies and inability to understand remote contextual demands. In South Australia, the context of this paper, systemic disadvantage disproportionately affects Indigenous people. This article explores the contemporary colonial landscape of a remote school context, provides background on the colonial institutions which shape the interactions and services provided to people in remote Australian areas, and provides two empirical examples of the contemporary, structural, and harmful influence of policy and political figures in a remote school. By examining the politics of being a school leader, the policy background for remote Australian schools, and the unique challenges of position both in policy and physical terms, we show how contemporary racism structures and conditions the lives of young people in remote contexts today.
15
Trinidad, Sue, Elaine Sharplin, Graeme Lock, Sue Ledger, Don Boyd et Emmy Terry. « Developing Strategies at the Pre-service Level to Address Critical Teacher Attraction and Retention Issues in Australian Rural, Regional and Remote Schools ». Australian and International Journal of Rural Education 21, no 1 (1 mars 2011) : 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47381/aijre.v21i1.595.
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This ALTC project is a collaborative endeavour between the four public universities involved in teacher education in Western Australia (Curtin University, Edith Cowan University, Murdoch University and The University of Western Australia), focussed on improving the quality of preparation of pre-service teachers for rural, regional and remote appointments. The project, building on the work of other recent Australian rural education research projects (conducted through the ARC funded Renewing Rural Teacher Education: Sustaining Schooling for Sustainable Futures [TERRAnova] and the Renewing Rural and Regional Teacher Education ALTC Curriculum projects), will create a nexus between the theory and practice of teaching and learning by developing models of pre-service teacher rural, regional and remote practicums. Existing rural health collaborative models will be drawn upon to inform the developing project. The project brings together rural community and professional partnerships (including the Society for the Provision of Education for Rural Australia [SPERA] and The National Centre of science, Information and Communication Technology, and Mathematics Education for Rural and Regional Australia [SiMERR]) that will help to sustain rural communities through the provision of quality, prepared rural, regional and remote teachers.
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TIMMS, BRIAN V., et PETER HUDSON. « The brine shrimps (Artemia and Parartemia) of South Australia, including descriptions of four new species of Parartemia (Crustacea : Anostraca : Artemiina) ». Zootaxa 2248, no 1 (6 octobre 2009) : 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2248.1.2.
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The Australian endemic brine shrimp Parartemia is more speciose than the literature suggests, with eight described species, four new ones added here from South Australia and many undescribed species elsewhere in Australia. P. acidiphila n. sp. occurs in acidic salinas on Eyre Peninsula, in the Gawler Ranges in South Australia and also in the Esperance hinterland, Western Australia, while P. auriciforma n. sp., P. triquetra n. sp. and P. yarleensis n. sp. occur in remote episodic salinas in western South Australia. Introduced Artemia franciscana and A. parthenogenetica are limited to present and defunct salt works; reports of Artemia beyond salt works in South Australia are enigmatic.
17
David Lum, Gary. « Problems in diagnosing sexually transmitted infections in remote Australia ». Microbiology Australia 28, no 1 (2007) : 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma07017.
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Times are changing. The National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Sexual Health and Blood Borne Virus Strategy 2005-2008 provides current commentary on the problems facing Australia?s Indigenous population. While the rates of sexually transmitted infections have always been higher in Indigenous Australians, there is some evidence of increasing rates of HIV infection. The rate of Chlamydia infection in non-Indigenous Australians has doubled between 1999 and 2003, while the rate of infection in some populations of Indigenous Australians has moved from 658 per 100 000 to 1140 per 100 000 population. Indigenous Australians are forty-times more likely to be infected with the gonococcus than non-Indigenous Australian men and women. It should not be surprising that Indigenous Australian rates of syphilis are unacceptably high at ~250 per 100 000 population and almost non-existent in the non-Indigenous population.
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Blackberry, Irene, et Nicholas Morris. « The Impact of Population Ageing on Rural Aged Care Needs in Australia : Identifying Projected Gaps in Service Provision by 2032 ». Geriatrics 8, no 3 (27 avril 2023) : 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics8030047.
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This observational study examines and estimates the trends and impact of population ageing on rural aged care needs in Australia. With its universal health system and subsidised aged care system, Australia is among those countries with a long life expectancy. Being a geographically large country with a relatively small and dispersed population presents challenges for equitable access to aged care service provision. While this is widely acknowledged, there is little empirical evidence to demonstrate the magnitude and location of the aged care service provision gaps in the next decade. We performed time series analyses on administrative data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare GEN databases. The Aged Care Planning Regions (ACPR) were classified according to geographical remoteness using the Modified Monash Model scale. There is currently a shortfall of 2000+ places in residential aged care in rural and remote areas of Australia based on 2021 data. By 2032, population ageing will mean that an additional 3390 residential care places and around 3000 home care packages will be required in rural and remote communities alone. Geographical disparities in aged care exist in Australia and continue to worsen, requiring immediate action.
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Preece, Michael, Jo Harding et Judy G. West. « Bush Blitz : journeys of discovery in the Australian outback ». Australian Systematic Botany 27, no 6 (2014) : 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb15009.
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Bush Blitz is an innovative and ambitious partnership between the Australian Biological Resources Study, BHP Billiton Sustainable Communities and the Earthwatch Institute (Australia) that aims to fill critical gaps in the knowledge of the biodiversity of Australia (http://www.bushblitz.org.au). Since its inception in 2009, over 900 putative new species of animals and plants have been discovered in Australian conservation reserves. As a unique approach to surveys in often-remote areas of the Australian outback, the Bush Blitz program has been highly successful and highlights the need for ongoing exploration and research to adequately document the biodiversity of Australia. This special issue of Australian Systematic Botany describes some of the newly discovered species and showcases the botanical results of the Bush Blitz program.
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Huang, Rae-Lin, et Paul J. Torzillo. « Challenging STIs in remote Central Australia ». Microbiology Australia 30, no 5 (2009) : 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma09202.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are endemic in remote Central Australia in Aboriginal communities, but usually don?t prompt individuals to seek testing or treatment. Untreated, a proportion of such infections result in ectopic pregnancies, miscarriages, infertility and enhanced transmission of HIV. The majority of STIs in Central Australia can be diagnosed with current nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) technologies and treated with single-dose antibiotic treatment. Successful long-term STI control has been achieved in some areas of remote Central Australia by increasing access to testing and treatment for STIs as part of a comprehensive program. Successful control of gonorrhoea also depends on adequate antimicrobial surveillance, which is particularly difficult to achieve in remote areas of Australia.
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Wigglesworth, Gillian. « Remote Indigenous education and translanguaging ». TESOL in Context 29, no 1 (30 décembre 2020) : 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/tesol2020vol29no1art1443.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Indigenous1 children living in the more remote areas of Australia where Indigenous languages continue to be spoken often come to school with only minimal knowledge of English, but they may speak two or more local languages. Others come to school speaking either a creole, or Aboriginal English, non-standard varieties which may sound similar to English, which gives them their vocabulary, while differing in terms of structure, phonology and semantics and pragmatics. This paper begins with a discussion of the linguistic contexts the children come from and the school contexts the children enter into before moving on to discuss a potential role for some use of translanguaging techniques in the classroom and discussing the potential benefits and advantages these may have.
1The term Indigenous is used respectfully to refer to all people of Australian Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent. Indigenous languages and Australian Indigenous languages are used to refer to the languages of both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders following NILS3 (2020).
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Farrell, Bradley. « Remote Operations Centres – what next ? » APPEA Journal 57, no 2 (2017) : 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16115.
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Integrated Operations (IO) is a well-established concept in oil and gas. In Australia, upstream oil & gas operators have made significant investments in their local IO capability. For many operators this has meant the creation of a dedicated Remote Operations Centre for their new LNG production assets. By ‘Remote Operations Centre’ (or ‘ROC’) we mean a purpose-built facility where multi-disciplinary teams work together to monitor, support or control production fields and/or assets; with the ROC being geographically distant from those fields/assets. For operators with new LNG facilities, a key challenge has been implementing their ROCs while also focusing on completion of their large complex asset builds. As a consequence, there is an opportunity for further development of Australian ROCs, post start-up, to capture greater value from the new producing assets. For the established LNG operators, rapid advances in collaboration techniques, and in data management and visualisation, present new opportunities to augment their legacy ROCs. In this paper we examine leading practices from ROCs worldwide along with lessons learned that are relevant for Australian operators. We conclude by asking ‘what next?’ for Australian operators.
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Fisher, Jacklin, Julie Bradshaw, Beth Anne Currie, Jeanette Klotz, Kerry Reid Searl et Janine Smith. « AUSTRALIA : REMOTE AREA NURSES'EXPERIENCES OF VIOLENCE ». International Journal of Nursing Practice 1, no 1 (novembre 1995) : 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172x.1995.tb00012.x.
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CARRUTHERS, Dale, et Kevin WARR. « Supporting peritoneal dialysis in remote Australia ». Nephrology 9, s4 (décembre 2004) : S129—S133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2004.00348.x.
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Williams, Eric W. « Remote Area Disaster Response in Australia ». Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 17, S2 (décembre 2002) : S16—S17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00009274.
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Andreasyan, Karen, Wendy E. Hoy et Srinivas Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan. « Indigenous mortality in remote Queensland, Australia ». Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 31, no 5 (octobre 2007) : 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2007.00112.x.
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Graham, Bree, Marc Tennant, Yulia Shiikha et Estie Kruger. « Distribution of Australian private dental practices : contributing underlining sociodemographics in the maldistribution of the dental workforce ». Australian Journal of Primary Health 25, no 1 (2019) : 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py17177.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The vast distances across Australia and the uneven population distribution form a challenging environment in providing the population with health and dental care. The Australian dental workforce distribution was analysed by using statistics from the open Census source available on the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) website. This study aimed to construct a detailed analysis of the large differences in the practice-to-population (PtP) ratios across Australia, as well as the effect of maldistribution for rural and remote areas, where economics plays an important role. The national Census data at the level of Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) (approximating suburbs) from 2011 was integrated with the location of all private dental practices in Australia (collected in late 2015) using modern geographic tools. All private dental practice (n=7597) location coordinates were mapped nationwide, across 2157 statistical areas. The population in Australia without a dental practice in their area was 31.6%. The PtP ratio differed from one practice per 40 people to one practice per 27773 people. The nationwide calculation of the PtP ratio shines light on issues about the dental workforce. The study results confirmed the uneven distribution of dental practices in rural and remote areas and socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.
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Butterworth, P., B. J. Kelly, T. E. Handley, K. J. Inder et T. J. Lewin. « Does living in remote Australia lessen the impact of hardship on psychological distress ? » Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 27, no 5 (3 avril 2017) : 500–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796017000117.
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Aims.Rural and remote regions tend to be characterised by poorer socioeconomic conditions than urban areas, yet findings regarding differences in mental health between rural and urban areas have been inconsistent. This suggests that other features of these areas may reduce the impact of hardship on mental health. Little research has explored the relationship of financial hardship or deprivation with mental health across geographical areas.Methods.Data were analysed from a large longitudinal Australian study of the mental health of individuals living in regional and remote communities. Financial hardship was measured using items from previous Australian national population research, along with measures of psychological distress (Kessler-10), social networks/support and community characteristics/locality, including rurality/remoteness (inner regional; outer regional; remote/very remote). Multilevel logistic regression modelling was used to examine the relationship between hardship, locality and distress. Supplementary analysis was undertaken using Australian Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey data.Results.2161 respondents from the Australian Rural Mental Health Study (1879 households) completed a baseline survey with 26% from remote or very remote regions. A significant association was detected between the number of hardship items and psychological distress in regional areas. Living in a remote location was associated with a lower number of hardships, lower risk of any hardship and lower risk of reporting three of the seven individual hardship items. Increasing hardship was associated with no change in distress for those living in remote areas. Respondents from remote areas were more likely to report seeking help from welfare organisations than regional residents. Findings were confirmed with sensitivity tests, including replication with HILDA data, the use of alternative measures of socioeconomic circumstances and the application of different analytic methods.Conclusions.Using a conventional and nationally used measure of financial hardship, people residing in the most remote regions reported fewer hardships than other rural residents. In contrast to other rural residents, and national population data, there was no association between such hardship and mental health among residents in remote areas. The findings suggest the need to reconsider the experience of financial hardship across localities and possible protective factors within remote regions that may mitigate the psychological impact of such hardship.
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Cuningham, Will, Lorraine Anderson, Asha C. Bowen, Kirsty Buising, Christine Connors, Kathryn Daveson, Joanna Martin et al. « Antimicrobial stewardship in remote primary healthcare across northern Australia ». PeerJ 8 (22 juillet 2020) : e9409. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9409.
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Background The high burden of infectious disease and associated antimicrobial use likely contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in remote Australian Aboriginal communities. We aimed to develop and apply context-specific tools to audit antimicrobial use in the remote primary healthcare setting. Methods We adapted the General Practice version of the National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey (GP NAPS) tool to audit antimicrobial use over 2–3 weeks in 15 remote primary healthcare clinics across the Kimberley region of Western Australia (03/2018–06/2018), Top End of the Northern Territory (08/2017–09/2017) and far north Queensland (05/2018–06/2018). At each clinic we reviewed consecutive clinic presentations until 30 presentations where antimicrobials had been used were included in the audit. Data recorded included the antimicrobials used, indications and treating health professional. We assessed the appropriateness of antimicrobial use and functionality of the tool. Results We audited the use of 668 antimicrobials. Skin and soft tissue infections were the dominant treatment indications (WA: 35%; NT: 29%; QLD: 40%). Compared with other settings in Australia, narrow spectrum antimicrobials like benzathine benzylpenicillin were commonly given and the appropriateness of use was high (WA: 91%; NT: 82%; QLD: 65%). While the audit was informative, non-integration with practice software made the process manually intensive. Conclusions Patterns of antimicrobial use in remote primary care are different from other settings in Australia. The adapted GP NAPS tool functioned well in this pilot study and has the potential for integration into clinical care. Regular stewardship audits would be facilitated by improved data extraction systems.
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Sangha, Kamaljit K., Bevlyn Sithole, Hmalan Hunter-Xenie, Cherry Daniels, Dean Yibarbuk, Glenn James, Christine Michael, Jackie Gould, Andrew C. Edwards et Jeremy Russell-Smith. « Empowering Remote Indigenous Communities in Natural Disaster Prone Northern Australia ». International Journal of Mass Emergencies & ; Disasters 35, no 3 (novembre 2017) : 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701703500302.
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Risks and challenges associated with recurring natural hazards (especially wet season cyclonic and flooding events; dry season extensive savanna fires) facing remote north Australian Indigenous communities are well recognised. Less well appreciated are longer-term challenges required for building community resilience in the face of responding to natural hazards. We report on detailed surveys of community perceptions of resilience undertaken in two communities, Ngukurr and Gunbalanya, in northern Australia. This assessment highlights the critical challenge for government authorities to effectively engage with remote communities. We then address the equally challenging issue of enhancing resilience through building enterprise opportunities. Currently, only few employment opportunities exist in either community. Based on experience with market-based savanna burning greenhouse gas emissions abatement projects in north Australia, we illustrate the potential for ecosystem service-based enterprises to deliver culturally appropriate employment, which offers evident benefits for local communities in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from major natural disaster events.
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Chen, Hui, David van Reyk, Jorge Reyna et Brian G. Oliver. « A comparison of attitudes toward remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic between students attending a Chinese and an Australian campus ». Advances in Physiology Education 46, no 2 (1 juin 2022) : 297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00141.2021.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has been a strong driver for moving more teaching and learning activities online. Border restrictions have had a severe impact on international students either hoping to enroll in courses offered in Australia or continue with such courses if they are already enrolled. The online learning experience is likely different between students onshore and offshore. This study took a unique opportunity to investigate any such differences in students’ attitudes toward remote learning, necessitated by the pandemic, by comparing two cohorts of students, Australia versus China based. An anonymous survey using the Likert Scale and open-ended questions was available for student feedback on subject delivery. The students based in Australia expressed a preference for remote learning due to the convenience of attendance and availability of the video recordings. However, students in China had a strong preference for face-to-face sessions, with the lack of prior experience in an English-speaking learning environment and hesitance to speak with the lecturers and engage in the learning activities possible reasons for this. In quizzes, students in Australia performed better than those in China regardless of local or international student status. This difference may be due to the Australian-based students’ prior experience of English-speaking environments and open-book quizzes. In conclusion, remote learning in a familiar language and learning environment is accepted by students, whereas if the teaching is delivered in a second language using unfamiliar teaching methods, remote learning will require additional scaffolding to enhance their learning experience.
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Bat, Melodie, et John Guenther. « Red Dirt Thinking on Education : A People-Based System ». Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 42, no 2 (décembre 2013) : 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2013.20.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In Australia, the ‘remote education system’ presents itself as a simple system where the right inputs, such as quality teachers and leaders will engender the outputs that have been set by the system, such as certain levels of English literacy and numeracy. The system has measures in place, including national testing, to report on its success. For the most part, this system seems to be working quite well. However, this modelling breaks down when the education system of remote Australia is presented. This remote system is presented in much of the literature and in the press, as disadvantaged, under-resourced and underperforming. Reported results indicate that current activities are not bringing the desired outcomes. The so-called mainstream system makes adjustments using its model of input to output, but without success. There is a clear need for change. Just what this change might look like is the focus of this article. Theorising in this space is considered from two positions; the first being the published work of a number of Indigenous Australian educators and leaders writing in this space; the second, a consideration of western theorising using complex adaptive systems. Throughout the article, a metaphor of ‘red dirt thinking’ is applied as a mechanism to ground the thinking in the lives and lands of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples of remote Australia.
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Garin, Artyom A. « China's Influence on Australia's Defence Policy in the South Pacific ». South East Asia : Actual problems of Development, no 3 (48) (2020) : 202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2020-3-3-48-202-214.
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Australia is the leading country in the South Pacific and sees it as part of a natural sphere of influence. For most of Australian history, a remote and isolated geographical location has worked to the benefit of the Fifth Continent and has ensured the security of Australia and its Oceania frontiers. Nowadays, the strategic environment in Asia-Pacific has undergone significant changes. Australia is concerned that during the intensive growth of the military power of the People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Beijing may be more interested in the South Pacific, in particular, in gaining naval bases in Oceania.
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Osborne, Sam. « Learning Versus Education : Rethinking Learning in Anangu Schools ». Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 42, no 2 (décembre 2013) : 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2013.24.
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In the remote schooling context, much recent media attention has been directed to issues of poor attendance, low attainment rates of minimal benchmarks in literacy and numeracy, poor retention and the virtual absence of transitions from school to work. The Australian government's recent ‘Gonski review’ (Review of Funding for Schooling – Final Report 2011) also strongly advocates the need to increase investment and effort into remote education across Australia in order to address the concerns of under-achievement, particularly of Indigenous students. Large-scale policies designed to improve access to services have caused a significant increase in services delivered from external sources, policy development at all levels of government, and tight accountability measures that affect remote communities and in turn, schools in various ways. Remote educators find themselves caught in the middle of this systemic discourse and the voices and values that exist in the remote communities where they live. Within this complex environment, the purpose of this article is to amplify Indigenous community voices and values in the discourse and by doing so, challenge ourselves as educators and educational leaders to examine the question: ‘While we're busy delivering education, is anybody learning anything?’ This article focuses on the Anangu (Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara) context of the North-West of South Australia, southern regions of the Northern Territory and into Western Australia. This region is referred to as the ‘tri-state’ region. Using a qualitative methodology, this article examines three Pitjantjatjara language oral narrative transcripts where Anangu reflect on their experiences of growing up and learning. By privileging these Anangu voices in the dialogue about learning in the remote Aboriginal community context, key themes are identified and analysed, highlighting important considerations for remote educators in understanding the values and cultural elements that inform Anangu students in their engagement with a formal education context.
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Wootton, Bethany M., et Nickolai Titov. « Distance Treatment of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder ». Behaviour Change 27, no 2 (1 juin 2010) : 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.27.2.112.
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AbstractObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is an important mental health problem. The Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing estimates the 12-month prevalence of OCD is 1.9% (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2007). Individuals with OCD experience considerable impairment in daily functioning. Cognitive and behavioural therapy for OCD has been shown to be effective, however, accessibility to evidence based treatments is limited in Australia, especially for those living in rural and remote communities. Treatment delivered in a remote fashion may improve accessibility to such treatments. The present review aimed to evaluate the current status of evidence based treatments for OCD delivered remotely.
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Namasivayam, Pathmavathy, Dung T. Bui, Christine Low, Tony Barnett, Heather Bridgman, Pauline Marsh et Simone Lee. « Use of telehealth in the provision of after-hours palliative care services in rural and remote Australia : A scoping review protocol ». PLOS ONE 17, no 1 (13 janvier 2022) : e0261962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261962.
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Introduction After-hours services are essential in ensuring patients with life limiting illness and their caregivers are supported to enable continuity of care. Telehealth is a valuable approach to meeting after-hours support needs of people living with life-limiting illness, their families, and caregivers in rural and remote communities. It is important to explore the provision of after-hours palliative care services using telehealth to understand the reach of these services in rural and remote Australia. A preliminary search of databases failed to reveal any scoping or systematic reviews of telehealth in after-hours palliative care services in rural or remote Australia. Aim To review and map the available evidence about the use of telehealth in providing after-hours palliative care services in Australian rural and remote communities. Methods The proposed scoping review will be conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework and in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. The reporting of the scoping review will be guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). This review will consider research and evaluation of after-hours services using telehealth for palliative care stakeholders in rural and remote Australia. Peer reviewed studies and grey literature published in English from 2000 to May 2021 will be included. Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, Embase via Ovid, PsycINFO via Ovid, Emcare via Ovid, Medline via Ovid, and grey literature will be searched for relevant articles. Titles and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers for assessment against the inclusion criteria. Data will be extracted and analysed by two reviewers using an adapted data extraction tool and thematic analysis techniques. Diagrams, tables, and summary narratives will be used to map, summarise and thematically group the characteristics of palliative care telehealth services in rural and remote Australia, including stakeholders’ perceptions and benefits and challenges of the services.
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McKenzie, Fiona Haslam. « Attracting and retaining skilled and professional staff in remote locations of Australia ». Rangeland Journal 33, no 4 (2011) : 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj11024.
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Remote Australia constitutes ~75% of the continent and is a dry, often harsh environment in which to live; consequently less than 3% of Australia’s population reside there but it is also where a substantial proportion of Australia’s export wealth is derived. It is therefore important that attention is paid to ensuring that remote locations in Australia are liveable and that innovative strategies are pursued to attract and retain a productive workforce in these places. Attracting and retaining skilled and professional staff is a problem not limited to remote, or even rural and regional locations in Australia. There is strong evidence to suggest that it is increasingly a global problem and organisations throughout the world are seeking innovative strategies to attract and develop new talent and developing other strategies to retain that talent. This paper examines population and labour mobility trends in remote Australia and the issues that have been influential on rates of staff attraction and retention, most particularly adequate housing, services and infrastructure. The second half of the paper examines a variety of recommendations and strategies developed by the public and private sectors to more effectively attract and retain skilled and professional staff to remote locations. This paper does not claim to be a rigorous analysis of all remote areas of Australia nor a comprehensive study of attraction and retention strategies. Rather, it aims to highlight the complexity, depth and interconnectedness of the issues for communities, public and private sectors and how they apply in remote locations in Australia.
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Jackson, Stewart et Beal. « Identifying and Overcoming Barriers to Collaborative Sustainable Water Governance in Remote Australian Indigenous Communities ». Water 11, no 11 (17 novembre 2019) : 2410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112410.
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Collaboration between government agencies and communities for sustainable water governance in remote Indigenous communities is espoused as a means to contribute to more equitable, robust, and long-term decision-making and to ensure that water services contribute to broader considerations of physical, social, and economic prosperity. In Australia, the uptake of collaborative water governance in remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island contexts has been slow and few examples exist from which to inform policy and practice. This study identifies barriers to uptake of collaborative sustainable water governance, drawing from qualitative interviews with water practitioners working in remote Indigenous Australia and analysis of key project documentation. Thematic analysis revealed discrete barriers across five key categories: (1) governance arrangements, (2) economic and financial, (3) capacity and skills, (4) data and information, and (5) cultural values and norms, with many barriers identified, unique to the remote Indigenous Australian context. The paper provides insights into how to address these barriers strategically to create transformative and sustainable change for Indigenous communities. The results contribute to the greater body of knowledge on sustainable and collaborative water governance, and they are of relevance for broader water management, policy, and research.
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Longman, Jo, Jennifer M. Pilcher, Deborah A. Donoghue, Margaret Rolfe, Sue V. Kildea, Sue Kruske, Jeremy J. N. Oats, Geoffrey G. Morgan et Lesley M. Barclay. « Identifying maternity services in public hospitals in rural and remote Australia ». Australian Health Review 38, no 3 (2014) : 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah13188.
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Objective This paper articulates the importance of accurately identifying maternity services. It describes the process and challenges of identifying the number, level and networks of rural and remote maternity services in public hospitals serving communities of between 1000 and 25 000 people across Australia, and presents the findings of this process. Methods Health departments and the national government’s websites, along with lists of public hospitals, were used to identify all rural and remote Australian public hospitals offering maternity services in small towns. State perinatal reports were reviewed to establish numbers of births by hospital. The level of maternity services and networks of hospitals within which services functioned were determined via discussion with senior jurisdictional representatives. Results In all, 198 rural and remote public hospitals offering maternity services were identified. There were challenges in sourcing information on maternity services to generate an accurate national picture. The nature of information about maternity services held centrally by jurisdictions varied, and different frameworks were used to describe minimum requirements for service levels. Service networks appeared to be based on a combination of individual links, geography and transport infrastructure. Conclusions The lack of readily available centralised and comparable information on rural and remote maternity services has implications for policy review and development, equity, safety and quality, network development and planning. Accountability for services and capacity to identify problems is also compromised. What is known about the topic? Australian birthing services have previously been identified for hospitals with 50 or more births a year. Less is known about public hospitals with fewer than 50 births a year or those with only antenatal and postnatal services, particularly in rural and remote locations, or how maternity services information may be identified from publicly available sources. What does this paper add? This paper describes the process and challenges of identifying maternity services in rural and remote public hospitals serving towns of between 1000 and 25 000, and presents the findings of this process. What are the implications for practitioners? Nationally accessible, reliable and comparable information is important for health planners, policy makers and health practitioners. This paper provides useful information on the variations in the capability and location of maternity services across Australia. Opportunities exist for consistent collection, collation and reporting of maternity services across rural and remote Australia. This will ensure quality and safety of services, contribute to policy review, support the development and maintenance of service networks, and assist in planning services and expenditure, as well as in the identification of problems. It is therefore key to providing equitable services across the country.
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Guenther, John, et Melodie Bat. « Towards a Good Education in Very Remote Australia : Is it Just a Case of Moving the Desks Around ? » Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 42, no 2 (décembre 2013) : 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2013.22.
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The education system, as it relates to very remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Australia, faces challenges. While considerable resources have been applied to very remote schools, results in terms of enrolments, attendance and learning outcomes have changed little, despite the effort applied. The Cooperative Research Centre for Remote Economic Participation (CRC-REP) in its Remote Education Systems (RES) project is trying to understand why this might be the case, and also attempting to identify local solutions to the ‘problem’ of very remote education. The RES project is in the process of building its research program across five remote sites in the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia. As the project begins, the researchers involved have begun to consider what are the assumptions behind the ‘system’ in its current form(s). The article begins with an outline of the context of remote education in Australia within a rapidly changing global environment. However, the purpose of the article is to outline many of the assumptions built into remote education and to ask what the alternatives to these assumptions might be. The authors go on to ask questions about how a remote education system would approach some of the assumptions presented. The assumptions presented are based on a reading of the philosophical bases of education. The questions are designed to prompt a deeper discussion about how the values and worldviews of those living in very remote communities might be taken into consideration and acted upon.
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Ho, G., S. Dallas, M. Anda et K. Mathew. « On-site wastewater technologies in Australia ». Water Science and Technology 44, no 6 (1 septembre 2001) : 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0346.
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Domestic wastewater reuse is currently not permitted anywhere in Australia but is widely supported by the community, promoted by researchers, and improvised by up to 20% of householders. Its widespread implementation will make an enormous contribution to the sustainability of water resources. Integrated with other strategies in the outdoor living environment of settlements in arid lands, great benefit will be derived. This paper describes six options for wastewater reuse under research by the Remote Area Developments Group (RADG) at Murdoch University and case studies are given where productive use is being made for revegetation and food production strategies at household and community scales. Pollution control techniques, public health precautions and maintenance requirements are described. The special case of remote Aboriginal communities is explained where prototype systems have been installed by RADG to generate windbreaks and orchards. New Australian design standards and draft guidelines for domestic greywater reuse produced by the Western Australian State government agencies for mainstream communities are evaluated. It is recommended that dry composting toilets be coupled with domestic greywater reuse and the various types available in Australia are described. For situations where only the flushing toilet will suffice the unique “wet composting” system can be used and this also is described. A vision for household and community-scale on-site application is presented.
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Courtney, Ashling, Diego J. Lopez, Adrian J. Lowe, Zack Holmes et John C. Su. « Burden of Disease and Unmet Needs in the Diagnosis and Management of Atopic Dermatitis in Diverse Skin Types in Australia ». Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no 11 (1 juin 2023) : 3812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12113812.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic, inflammatory skin disease affecting Australians of all ages, races, ethnicities, and social classes. Significant physical, psychosocial, and financial burdens to both individuals and Australian communities have been demonstrated. This narrative review highlights knowledge gaps for AD in Australian skin of colour. We searched PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and Cochrane Library databases for review articles, systematic reviews, and cross-sectional and observational studies relating to AD in Australia for skin of colour and for different ethnicities. Statistical data from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare and the Australian Bureau of Statistics was collected. In recent years, there has been substantially increased awareness of and research into skin infections, such as scabies and impetigo, among various Australian subpopulations. Many such infections disproportionately affect First Nations Peoples. However, data for AD itself in these groups are limited. There is also little written regarding AD in recent, racially diverse immigrants with skin of colour. Areas for future research include AD epidemiology and AD phenotypes for First Nations Peoples and AD trajectories for non-Caucasian immigrants. We also note the evident disparity in both the level of understanding and the management standards of AD between urban and remote communities in Australia. This discrepancy relates to a relative lack of healthcare resources in marginalised communities. First Nations Peoples in particular experience socioeconomic disadvantage, have worse health outcomes, and experience healthcare inequality in Australia. Barriers to effective AD management must be identified and responsibly addressed for socioeconomically disadvantaged and remote-living communities to achieve healthcare equity.
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Green, Lelia. « Imagining Rural Audiences in Remote Western Australia ». Culture Unbound 2, no 2 (11 juin 2010) : 131–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.1029131.
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In 1979, Australia’s then-Communication Minister Tony Staley commented that the introduction of satellite communications to the bush would “dispel the distance – mental as well as geographical – between urban and regional dwellers, between the haves and the have-nots in a communication society” (Staley 1979: 2225, 2228-9). In saying this, Staley imagined a marginalised and disadvantaged audience of “have-nots”, paying for their isolation in terms of their mental distance from the networked communications of the core.
This paper uses ethnographic audience studies surveys and interviews (1986-9) to examine the validity of Staley’s imaginations in terms of four communication technologies: the telephone, broadcast radio, 2-way radio and the satellite. The notion of a mental difference is highly problematic for the remote audience. Inso-far as a perception of lack and of difference is accepted, it is taken to reflect the perspective and the product of the urban policy-maker.
Far from accepting the “distance” promulgated from the core, remote audiences see such statements as indicating an ignorance of the complexity and sophistication of communications in an environment where the stakes are higher and the options fewer. This is not to say that remote people were not keen to acquire satellite services – they were – it is to say that when they imagined such services it was in terms of equity and interconnections, rather than the “dispelling of distance”.
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Kotey, Bernice. « Demographic and Economic Changes in Remote Australia ». Australian Geographer 46, no 2 (3 avril 2015) : 183–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049182.2015.1020592.
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Wilsmore, Bradley, et James Leitch. « Remote monitoring of medical devices in Australia ». Medical Journal of Australia 206, no 2 (février 2017) : 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja16.00730.
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Donehue, Paul, et Douglas Baker. « Remote, rural, and regional airports in Australia ». Transport Policy 24 (novembre 2012) : 232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2012.08.007.
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Ku, H., T. Ahfock et T. Yusaf. « Remote access laboratories in Australia and Europe ». European Journal of Engineering Education 36, no 3 (juin 2011) : 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2011.578244.
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Ah-Tye, Paul J. « PANCREATITIS IN REMOTE AUSTRALIA : AN INDIGENOUS PERSPECTIVE ». Australian Journal of Rural Health 9, no 3 (juin 2001) : 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1584.2001.00396.x.
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Ward, Jeanette E. « Aboriginal staff leading partnership in remote Australia ». Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 53, no 6 (juin 2017) : 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpc.13558.
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Harrington, F., P. Goldswain et R. Warne. « Elderly Care in Remote North-Western Australia ». Age and Ageing 26, suppl 3 (1 janvier 1997) : P31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/26.suppl_3.p31-b.
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