Thèses sur le sujet « Rare states »
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1
Fraval, Elliot. « Minimising the decoherence of rare earth ion solid state spin qubits / ». View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2005. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20061010.124211/index.html.
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Rafique, Hafiz Muhammad. « Resonant and high resolution photoemission of rare-earth cobalt oxides ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/resonant-and-high-resolution-photoemission-of-rareearth-cobalt-oxides(33377a1a-670c-413d-a38f-73c52115b5e5).html.
Texte intégralRésumé :
LnBaCo2O5+δ (Ln-112) where Ln = lanthanide element; 0 ≤ δ ≤1 and LnBaCo4O7+δ (Ln-114) are highly correlated cobalt oxides. Synchrotron photoemission spectroscopy of LnBaCo2O5+δ (Ln = Gd, Dy, Dy1-xTbx) and LnBaCo4O7 (Ln = Yb) has been undertaken at the UK Synchrotron Radiation Source (Daresbury Laboratory).During the photoemission experiments, the samples were observed to be contaminated due to residual gases inside the main vacuum chamber. The surface degradation of the samples is studied using the difference spectra generated from the valence band spectra of freshly scraped and contaminated samples and the nature of contaminated species on these samples is identified in the light of the reviewed literature. High-resolution photoemission is carried out to study the metal-insulator (MI) transition in double perovskites LnBaCo2O5+δ (Ln = Gd, Dy, Dy1-xTbx - Ln-112; 0 ≤ δ ≤ 1) as a function of temperature. The high-resolution photoemission results of single crystal samples of GdBaCo2O5.5, DyBaCo2O5.5 and Dy1-xTbxBaCo2O5+δ show that the temperature-based MI transitions in these compounds occur in the 300-400 K temperature range. A post-growth oxygen annealing treatment for as-grown single crystals of Ln-112 is necessary, achieving oxygen contents close to 5.50, to observe a marked nonmetal-to-metal transition. Resonant photoemission is used to identify the atomic parentage of the valence band states. A comparison of the electronic structure of LnBaCo2O5+δ (Ln = Gd, Dy, Dy1-xTbx - Ln-112; 0 ≤ δ ≤ 1) and LnBaCo4O7 (Ln = Yb - Ln-114) single-crystal surfaces is made using synchrotron photoemission spectroscopy. In both cases, the states close to the Fermi energy are found to be of mixed Co 3d/O 2p character, and the comparison allows identification of states due to low spin Co³⁺ in octahedral environments. The contributions from Ln elements to the valence band are found at higher binding energies.
3
Chudo, Hiroyuki. « 125Te NMR study of misfit CDW states in rare earth tellurides RTe3 (R=La, Ce) ». 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136789.
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Nock, Erin Elizabeth. « A simple GIS approach to predicting rare plant habitat north central Rocky Mountains, United States Forest Service, Region One / ». CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-06102008-173011/.
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Diallo, Abdoulaye Foula. « F-spin study of rare earth nuclei using F-spin multiplets and angular momentum projected intrinsic states ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186290.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The proton-neutron Interacting-Boson Model contains both symmetric and mixed-symmetry proton-neutron boson configurations. These states of different proton-neutron symmetry can be classified in terms of an SU(2) symmetry, called F-spin. This dissertation deals with some new applications of F-spin. Even-even nuclei drawn from the proton and neutron shells 50 < Z < 82 and 82 < N < 126, respectively, are systematically classified in F-spin multiplets and their binding energies are fit with a six-parameter mass-formula. Using particle-hole symmetry conjugation, the energies of the low-lying levels of the neutron-rich nuclei are estimated and their mass excesses determined with the mass-formula. The masses of these nuclei are of interest in astrophysical processes. A novel asymptotic realization of the angular-momentum projected intrinsic-state in the generalized IBM is presented. This approach which uses the Laplace method of asymptotic expansion, is shown to be an improvement over the Gaussian method espoused by Kuyucak and Morrison. The method, herein called the 1/Λ-expansion, is used to derive analytical expressions for different quantities in the framework of the generalized IBM. Particular attention is paid to the M1 summed strength, the mean-excitation energy of the mixed symmetry 1⁺ scissor mode, and the gyromagnetic ratios of the ground-band members, for which formulas are derived. A no-free-parameter calculation is performed for the summed M1 strength and the centroid energy of ⁽¹⁴⁶⁻¹⁵⁸⁾Sm isotopes. The g factors of deformed and transitional nuclei in the rare-earth mass region are also computed. The data in all cases are found to be well reproduced, in general. A weak L dependence is predicted for the g factors, and there appears to be no need to include two-body terms in the T(M1) operator for determining the M1 strength.
6
Neculai, Ana-Mirela. « Synthesis and Reactivity of Rare Earth Metals Complexes with a Nitrogen Donor Ligand. Compounds in Formal Low Oxidation States ». Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-000D-F266-8.
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Galicka, Karolina. « Contribution to the study of the electronic states of rare earth oxide thin films by the XPS and the Raman spectroscopy ». Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1006.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L'étude en spectrométrie Raman et XPS de films minces de nickelates de terre rare NdNiO3 déposés sur NdGaO3 par pulvérisation cathodique a été entreprise. L'objectif était double. Tout d'abord, tenter d'identifier la cause responsable de propriétés de commutations en température différentes en fonction de l'épaisseur déposée (transition métal – isolant abrupte pour des films de 150 nm, absence de transition pour des films de 17 nm). L'objectif a été atteint grâce à la spectroscopie XPS, qui a permis d'analyser la bande de valence et le niveau de coeur du Ni2p, O1s, et Nd3d. Le second objectif était de montrer la disproportion de charge du Ni3+ en Ni3+d et 3-d, en tentant d'interpréter le spectre de phonon au passage de la transition métal – isolant. Cette étude a été réalisée grâce à la spectroscopie Raman et par des calculs théoriques de dynamique de réseau (programme LADY). Cette thèse a contribué à la compréhension générale de la transition métal – isolant dans les pérovskites NdNiO3. Les spectrométries Raman et XPS apparaissent comme des outils pertinents pour l'analyse des oxydes de métaux de transition et terre rares qui sont très prometteurs pour de nombreuses applicationsThe thesis concerned the NdNiO3/NdGaO3 thin films with various thicknesses 150 nm, 73 nm and 17 nm. Samples have been obtained by RF – sputtering and post annealing deposition treatment at the 800°C and O2 250 bar, during 48h. The thesis had two mainly goals. First one, identify source responsible for different switching properties of the thin films NdNiO3/NdGaO3 (observed in DC measurements 150 nm abrupt while for 17 nm film vanishing metal – insulator transition). This goal has been achieved thanks XPS studies, i. E. , analysis of the valence bands and core level of Ni2p, O1s and Nd3d spectra. The attempt to establish an effect of charge disproportion of nickel ion 2Ni3+ ® Ni3+d + Ni3-d and observed it in experimental phonon spectra across metal – insulator transition have been a second goal of the thesis. These studies have been performed thanks the Raman scattering studies and theoretical lattice dynamics calculation (LADY). This thesis contributed to the general understanding of the metal – insulator transition in RNiO3 perovskite. The XPS and Raman spectroscopy studies appeared as pertinent tools to investigate the properties of rare earth oxides thin films that are also promising for various applications
8
CASINI, JULIO C. S. « Hidrogenação de ligas à base de terras raras para fabricação de eletrodos negativos de bateriais de níquel-hidreto metálico ». reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2011. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9958.
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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:33:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:06:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Galicka, Karolina Laffez Patrick Ratuszna Alicja. « Contribution to the study of the electronic states of rare earth oxide thin films by the XPS and the Raman spectroscopy ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1006.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Physique : Le Mans : 2005. Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Physique : Katowice (Pologne) : 2005.Thèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.
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Rioual, Elisa. « Etude de la structure et de la dynamique de la protéine HSP90 par dynamique moléculaire et résonance magnétique nucléaire ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALV078.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Depuis 30 ans, les cas de cancer sont en hausse. Le développement de traitements est un défi pour améliorer le taux de guérison et la survie des personnes atteintes. Il est important d’avoir une connaissance précise de la structure et la dynamique des protéines cibles. La résonance magnétique nucléaire (RMN) permet d’étudier la structure des protéines en solution. En la couplant à la simulation, on obtient des informations précieuses sur la dynamique. Pourtant, la caractérisation d’états rares importants pour la fonction de la protéine reste difficile. Mes recherches portent sur un chaperon humain (la protéine de choc thermique 90, de l’anglais Heat Shock Protein 90 ou HSP90) : son rôle est d’aider et de maintenir le repliement de ces protéines clientes. Si son activité est modifiée, cela peut entraîner la propagation de tumeurs. La structure de cette protéine a été très étudiée dans le but de développer des thérapies qui visent à modifier son activité. La majorité d’entre elles cible le domaine N-terminal du chaperon et entraîne des effets secondaires importants. Des études préalables à ma thèse ont montré qu’un équilibre entre différentes conformations préexisterait à la liaison de ligands et leurs liaisons entraîneraient un ajustement en stabilisant une conformation de la protéine. Mais, cet équilibre n’est ni totalement compris ni décrit. Il est important d’avoir une description fine du domaine N-terminal de ce chaperon afin d’optimiser la conception de ligands thérapeutiques.Je présente ici une étude de la structure et de la dynamique par résonance magnétique nucléaire et modélisation moléculaire du domaine N-terminal du chaperon HSP90. J’ai calculé, à l’aide de contraintes de distance, la structure de l’état fondamental de HSP90 en solution. Un segment dynamique participant à l’interaction de la protéine avec ses ligands, appelé ATP-lid, peuple une conformation appelée "ouverte" préalablement observée dans les structures cristallographiques disponibles. L’ATP-lid peuple aussi une conformation dite "fermée", distante de plus de 30 Å de la conformation ouverte. Cette conformation correspond à un état rare fonctionnel de HSP90-NTD que j’ai caractérisé, pour la première fois. Sa description précise est primordiale pour la conception de thérapies. Puis, à l’aide d’expérience CPMG relaxation dispersion, j’ai démontré que plusieurs échanges conformationnels, avec différentes cinétiques, sont détectables par RMN dans la gamme de temps μs-ms. Pour étudier la stabilité des structures calculées à l’aide de contraintes de distance dérivées de l’expérience RMN, j’ai simulé la dynamique pour une durée totale de 20 μs pour chacun des états en utilisant le supercalculateur Jean Zay (IDRIS, CNRS), qui dispose de puissantes cartes graphiques. J’ai analysé cette importante quantité de données pour savoir comment la structure 3D évolue au cours du temps avec une précision atomique. Finalement, j’ai pu étudier le chemin réactionnel le plus probable entre ces conformations avec la méthode de cordes par force moyenne (de l’anglais mean force string method).Mon travail entre l’équipe de RMN biomoléculaire de Grenoble et l’équipe de physicochimie théorique à Lyon m’a permis de développer une approche interdisciplinaire pour caractériser pour la première fois la structure et la dynamique d’un état rare fonctionnel du NTD de HSP90 humaine, une cible thérapeutique importante. Ces recherches permettront d’avoir une description précise de la structure et la dynamique des protéines afin d’améliorer la conception rationnelle de ligands à visée thérapeutiqueFor 30 years, cases of cancer have been on the rise. The development of treatments is a challenge to improve the cure rate and the survival of those affected. It is important to have a precise knowledge of the structure and dynamics of the target proteins. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is used to study the structure of proteins in solution. By coupling it to simulation, we obtain valuable information on the dynamics. However, the characterization of rare states important for the function of the protein remains difficult. My research focuses on a human chaperone (the heat shock protein 90 or HSP90), whose role is to help and maintain the folding of these client proteins. If its activity is changed, it can lead to the spread of tumors. The structure of this protein has been extensively studied with the aim of developing therapies that aim to modify its activity. The majority of them target the N-terminal domain of the chaperone and cause significant side effects. Studies prior to my thesis showed that a balance between different conformations would preexist the binding of ligands and that their bindings would lead to an adjustment by stabilizing a conformation of the protein. But this balance is not fully understood or described. It is important to have a detailed description of the N-terminal domain of this chaperone in order to optimize the design of therapeutic ligands.I present here a study of the structure and dynamics by nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular modeling of the N-terminal domain of the HSP90 chaperone. I calculated, using distance constraints, the ground state structure of HSP90 in solution. A dynamic segment participating in the interaction of the protein with its ligands, called ATP-lid, populates a so-called "open" conformation previously observed in available crystallographic structures. ATP-lid also populates a so-called "closed" conformation, more than 30 Å distant from the open conformation. This conformation corresponds to a rare functional state of HSP90-NTD that I characterized for the first time. Its precise description is essential for the design of therapies. Then, using the CPMG relaxation dispersion experiment, I demonstrated that several conformational exchanges, with different kinetics, are detectable by NMR in the time range μs-ms. To study the stability of the structures calculated using distance constraints derived from the NMR experiment, I simulated the dynamics for a total duration of 20 μs for each of the states using the Jean Zay supercomputer (IDRIS, CNRS), which has powerful graphics cards. I analyzed this large amount of data to find out how the 3D structure evolves over time with atomic precision. Finally, I was able to study the most probable reaction path between these conformations with the mean force string method.My work between the biomolecular NMR team in Grenoble and the theoretical physicochemistry team in Lyon allowed me to develop an interdisciplinary approach to characterize for the first time the structure and dynamics of a rare functional state of the NTD of human HSP90, an important therapeutic target. This research will provide a precise description of the structure and dynamics of proteins in order to improve the rational design of ligands for therapeutic purposes
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Division, Johnson City GIS. « East Tennessee State University Campus Map - 1998 ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1998. https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/48.
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1998 campus map of East Tennessee State University in Johnson City, Tennessee. Created by Johnson City GIS, Tennessee. A point of interest is the newly built Sherrod Library (as of 1998) identified as building 22/23. "New" is handwritten in black ink denoting the new library location. "Old" is handwritten on the old library location. These were added at an indeterminate time post publication. A building index can be found on the top right quadrant.
Scale is 1" = 200 feet.https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1047/thumbnail.jpg
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Division, Johnson City GIS. « East Tennessee State University Campus Map - 2005 ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/49.
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2005 campus map of East Tennessee State University in Johnson City, Tennessee. Created by Johnson City GIS. Buildings can be identified using the building index on the left half of the map. Hydrant legend parking lot index is also included. Information/Public Safety (building 64) is circled in black ink. This was added by hand at an indeterminate time post publication.
No scale is included.https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1048/thumbnail.jpg
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Division, Johnson City GIS. « East Tennessee State University Campus Map - 2013 ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/50.
Texte intégralRésumé :
2013 campus map of East Tennessee State University in Johnson City, Tennessee. Created 12/4/2013 by Johnson City GIS. Buildings can be identified using the building index on the left half of the map. Fire suppression system features are also included on index.
No scale is included.https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1049/thumbnail.jpg
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Brabazon, Holly Kathryn. « Delimiting Species and Varieties of Cycladenia humilis (Apocynaceae) ». BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5921.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Taxonomic delimitation of rare species is vital for accurate assessments of diversity and for their conservation. Cycladenia humilis, the sole species of Cycladenia, is an enigmatic perennial widely dispersed across the western United States. Within this species there are three currently recognized varieties: C. humilis var. humilis in Northern California, C. humilis var. venusta in Southern California, and C. humilis var. jonesii in Utah and Northern Arizona. Some populations occur geographically in areas between the typical distribution of each variety and the presently accepted taxonomy inadequately addresses these populations. Using five nDNA regions, we seek to clarify relationships between current varieties and assess the pattern of variation throughout the species. Analyses including K-means clustering, principle component analysis, fields for recombination, AMOVA, and ecological niche modeling were applied. Results indicate significant genetic structure between varieties and supports recognition of C. jonesii at the species level as distinct from C. humilis. Well defined intraspecific groupings are evident in the data, with evidence supporting the recognition of an additional variety in C. humilis, and two varieties in C. jonesii. Haplotype diversity and relationships between metapopulation clusters inform conservation efforts regarding diversity within Cycladenia and offer insights into the historical demography of this genus.
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Division, Johnson City GIS. « East Tennessee State University, VA Campus/Mountain Home - 1995 ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1995. https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/52.
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1995 map of East Tennessee State University's VA Campus. Created 5/30/1995 by Johnson City GIS. Buildings can be identified using the building index on the left side of map. Parking info and the parking lot legend can be found on the bottom half. Some buildings are shaded using a colored pencil at an indeterminate time post publication.
No scale is included.https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1051/thumbnail.jpg
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Division, Johnson City GIS. « East Tennessee State University, VA Campus/Mountain Home - 2005 ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/53.
Texte intégralRésumé :
2005 map of East Tennessee State University's VA Campus. Created 12/9/2005 by Johnson City GIS. Buildings can be identified using the building index on the left side of map. Different types of buildings are denoted using a color scheme. Parking info and the parking lot legend can be found in the top left quadrant. Hydrants and related items are also included. The map is dated by a handwritten date in black ink in the bottom left corner.
No scale is included.https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1052/thumbnail.jpg
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Division, Johnson City GIS. « East Tennessee State University, VA Campus/Mountain Home - 2013 ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/54.
Texte intégralRésumé :
2013 map of East Tennessee State University's VA Campus. Created 12/4/2013 by Johnson City GIS. Buildings can be identified using the building index on the left side of map. Parking info and the parking lot legend can be found on the bottom right corner. Fire suppression system info is also included.
No scale is included.https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1053/thumbnail.jpg
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Montgomery, Charlie. « The State Business Incentives Arms Race : Which States Participate ? » Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1008.
Texte intégralRésumé :
State and local governments forfeit over $80 billion in tax revenue each year in order to incentivize businesses to expand operations and create jobs in, relocate to, or refrain from leaving their states. The use of tax incentives has expanded massively during recent decades to include all states and a range of industries. Targeted tax incentives are proven to be an inefficient method of promoting economic growth and job creation, because of the negative impact of public spending cuts that offset the decline in revenue. There is a large disparity between states that do offer large amounts of incentives and those that do not that remains largely unexplained in the literature. Using cross-sectional data from the New York Times, I examine whether this disparity is associated with the political economy or geography of the states, or if it is largely random. I find little support for the political economy and geography hypotheses. A lack of support for the first two hypotheses suggests that the use of business tax incentives is largely random at the state level. I conclude by examining the viability of several proposals for limiting the use of business incentives and suggest more data collection and further research into potential solutions.
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Mancco, Richard. « The addition of a US Rare Earth Element (REE) supply-demand model improves the characterization and scope of the United States Department of Energy's effort to forecast US REE Supply and Demand ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76143.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 48).
This paper presents the development of a new US Rare Earth Element (REE) Supply-Demand Model for the explicit forecast of US REE supply and demand in the 2010 to 2025 time period. In the 2010 Department of Energy (DOE) Critical Material Strategy (CMS) report, the DOE created a DOE REE Supply- Demand Model that forecasted world REE supply and demand. Information from the DOE Model was used in the report to gauge future REE supply and demand in the US. The DOE Model only used world REE data for its world supply and demand forecast, discrediting the application and usefulness of a US data driven US REE supply and demand forecast. The new US Model employs US-specific data in the form of new supply factors and demand factors to provide an improved characterization of US REE supply and demand. The US Model's methodology allows for a more precise and direct approach to calculate future REE supply and demand in the US. Four new US-specific REE supply factors were incorporated in the new US Model - global REE competition and non-collaboration, US REE competition from non-clean energy technologies, REE exportation downsizing by REE abundant countries, and new global REE operational mines. Four new US-specific demand factors were incorporated in the new US Model - US government REE information collection capability, US government funded REE research, private industry funded REE research, and other US government REE efforts and policies. The use of these additional factors increased insight of current and possible future US REE conditions than through the use of a world REE forecast alone (DOE Model). This paper recommends the use of the US REE Supply-Demand Model as a supplement to the current DOE Model used in the 2010 DOE CMS report. The value and usefulness of the information made available by the new US Model is analyzed in this paper by experimentally applying the US Model to Indium - a REE utilized in the production of photovoltaic cells.
by Richard Mancco.
S.B.
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Edwards, Eric M. 1974. « Breastfeeding, inequality, and state policy in the United States ». Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10068.
Texte intégralRésumé :
xii, 169 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.Infant feeding has received insufficient attention in the social sciences. Breastfeeding is an important public health concern because it provides many benefits for infants, mothers, and the community. Breastfeeding rates in the United States increased from their lowest point in the early 1970s, but remain below the federal goals established by the Healthy People 2010 program. This is particularly the case for exclusive breastfeeding. Sociological and feminist theorists have identified several factors that influence breastfeeding, such as social class, race, and state support for lactating women. This research uses the National Immunization Survey, which contains a random sample of nearly 30,000 infant-caretaker pairs in the United States, to examine the affect of these factors on breastfeeding duration and intensiveness. Hierarchical linear modeling is used to analyze individual mothers within U.S. states to determine how class, race, and state-level policies affect breastfeeding rates. The models show that education level and income are strongly associated with both duration and intensity of breastfeeding. African-American and Hispanic women tend to breastfeed less than their white counterparts. State-level variables, particularly the number of lactation consultants employed in a state per 1000 live births, increase the likelihood of breastfeeding. The results of this research are used to suggest policy recommendations that may increase the duration and intensity of breastfeeding.
Advisers: Robert O'Brien, Richard York
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Graham, Lucy Valerie. « State of peril : Race and rape in South African literature ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527312.
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Kennedy, Mike. « Medical School Admissions Across Socioeconomic Groups : An Analysis Across Race Neutral and Race Sensitive Admissions Cycles ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc28440/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
While the relationship between academic variables and admission into medical school has been well documented, the relationship between socioeconomic background and admission has not been extensively examined. In 2001, the Texas Legislature passed HB 1641, which allowed for the use of socioeconomic variables in the admission of graduate and professional school students. Additionally, the Grutter v. Bollinger decision in 2003 removed a prohibition on the use of race or ethnicity in the admission of students in the state of Texas. The study examined the role medical school admissions selectivity as it relates to the socioeconomic background during a race neutral admissions cycle in 2005 and a race sensitive admissions cycle in 2006. The results of data analysis found that in a race neutral admissions cycle socioeconomic background was a significant factor in the admission of applicants to medical school. However, it was not a significant factor for applicants from underrepresented minority groups. The analysis also found that socioeconomic background was a significant factor in the admission of applicants to medical school in a race sensitive admissions cycle as well. Finally, the study found that variances in selectivity led to differences in the socioeconomic makeup of entering students across different medical schools. From the data analyzed in this study, it can be argued admission to medical school is in agreement with the sociological literature in that parental socioeconomic status is positively related to academic opportunities for their offspring.
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Rolph, Stephanie Renee. « Displacing race white resistance and conservative politics in the civil rights era / ». Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2009. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-03252009-203932.
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Strommer, Bernice Helen. « Status attainment processes in the United States : analyses by gender, race, and public/private employment / ». The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487595712158414.
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Division, Johnson City GIS. « ETSU Elevation Data - 1993 ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1993. https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/51.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Map of ETSU Elevation Data created by Johnson City GIS using 1993 contours. Map features listed on the bottom left corner includes major roads, ETSU structures, parks, and railroads.
Scale: 5" = 2000 ft.https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1050/thumbnail.jpg
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Avalos-Feehan, Mikayla. « States That Kill : Assessing Execution Rates Among States ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/957.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper explores execution rates among states where the death penalty is legal. Following the Supreme Court ruling in 1972 (Furman v. Georgia) which categorized the death penalty as cruel and unusual punishment due to arbitrary sentencing, this paper looks at whether or not executions are arbitrarily conducted by states. By taking into account race of the defendant, race of the victim, heinousness of crime, quality of defense, and public support for the death penalty, this paper seeks answers to the varying rates of executions across the United States. It was however, unable to find causal reasons for differences in execution rates. It did find though, that in some states, a black defendant had a higher likelihood of being executed during 2008-2012. This finding is important because it shows that race matters in some states if you are a defendant on a capital case.
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TARELHO, LUIZ V. G. « Caracterizacao espectroscopica e dinamica temporal dos processos de transferencia de energia entre os ions Tm sup(3+) - Ho sup(3+) e Yb sup(3+) - Tm sup(3+) em cristais de LiYF sub(4) e LiLuF sub(4) ». reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2001. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10980.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:46:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:57:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 07543.pdf: 4162108 bytes, checksum: fea345edb32c7ebb6b06110c513a47b1 (MD5)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
FAPESP:95/03214-1
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Dhesi, Sarnjett Singh. « Surface structure of rare-earth metals ». Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333635.
Texte intégral
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Williams, Germaine Shaw. « (Re)Culturing the City : Race, Urban Development, and Arts Policy in Chicago, 1935-1987 ». Research Showcase @ CMU, 2015. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/473.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This dissertation examines the intersection of race, urban development, and arts policy in Chicago between 1935 and 1987. Maintaining a focus at the city level, it considers how activists, politicians, civic leaders, and bureaucrats operated within three policy environments presented by the Works Progress Administration’s Federal Art Project (1935-‐1943), an interregnum period of dispersed domestic cultural policymaking (1944-‐1963), and the early years of the National Endowments for the Arts and Humanities (1965-‐1985). In the interplay between cultural activism, federal policy implementation, and the arc of urban development in Chicago, recognition of the arts as a key component of the local economy deepened, an extensive infrastructure formed, and refinements of the meaning of cultural democracy advanced. Chapters focus on the development of Work Progress Administration community art centers as a component of the relief policy framework; the implications for municipal arts policy of Mayor Richard J. Daley’s concern for stimulating the local economy and attracting affluent whites to the city; the extension of a state-‐wide system of support for the arts in Illinois; and the Harold Washington administration’s efforts to institutionalize the arts as a part of city government via a vision of cultural democracy that emphasized multiculturalism, access, and free exchange. The dissertation considers the role of government in supporting the arts sector’s orientation towards cultural democracy, defined by valued diversity, open participation, and the right to be heard regardless of race and class background.
30
Stanley, H. B. « Magnetic properties of rare-earth single crystals ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356720.
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Miller, Brennan J. « STATUS IDEOLOGY : HOW IS STATUS INTERPRETED ? » Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1628261878653549.
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Ivan, dos Santos Oliveira. « Rare earth intermetallic compounds studied by nuclear orientation ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357518.
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Jehan, David Antony. « Magnetic structures in rare earth metals and superlattices ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357569.
Texte intégral
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Simpson, John Andrew. « Magnetic properties of rare-earth elements and superlattices ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308539.
Texte intégral
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Brennan, Tessa. « Structure and properties of rare earth metaphosphate glasses ». Thesis, University of Bath, 1998. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284498.
Texte intégral
36
Taylor-Mullings, Nicholas. « Race, education and the status quo ». Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10047534/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis is an investigation into the effect government policy, enacted in secondary education between 1997 and 2017, has had on the educational attainment of Black children in London. It focuses on the policies enacted by New Labour (1997 to 2010) and the Coalition (2010 to 2015). However, it also refers to the activities of the Conservative administration of 2015 to 2017. It starts from the premise that, following a short upward surge in the attention afforded to race equality at the turn of the century, there has been a de-prioritisation of race as a public policy problem. The central argument is that, despite this less than favourable (if not hostile) public policy environment, it may be the case that the policies enacted by these administrations assisted in improving the educational attainment of Black children. However, it also contends that, whilst it may well be the case that the attainment of Black children improved and racial inequalities were reduced, the policies enacted were not intended to address the underachievement of Black children. Instead, these policies were aimed at responding to the concerns of the White middle class and addressing the institutional self-interests of successive governments and schools. As a result, this thesis concludes that the policies enacted by successive governments during this time led to improvements in the educational attainment of some Black children, but also entrenched institutional racism. This left Black children as a whole further disadvantaged.
37
Thompson, Mark Allen Dupont Jill. « Space race African American newspapers respond to Sputnik and Apollo 11 / ». [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-5115.
Texte intégral
38
Xia, Kangwei [Verfasser]. « Spectroscopy of Single Rare Earth Solid-State Qubits / Kangwei Xia ». München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1115550152/34.
Texte intégral
39
Look, Christine T. « White racial identity : its relationship to cognitive complexity and interracial contact ». Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1063213.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study was conducted in two parts. In the first part, two assumptions presented in Janet Helms' White Racial Identity (WRI) development model (1990) were tested. First, Helms theorized that one's stage of WRI development is positively related to increased cognitive complexity achievement and suggests that later stages require greater complexity. A second assumption of Helms' theory was that continued interracial contact is essential for advancement in WRI stage development. Part one of this study examined the relationship of cognitive complexity and interracial contact (both formal and informal) to WRI, and the relationship between cognitive complexity and interracial contact as they relate to WRI.Part two of this study consisted of a factor analysis of Helms' WRI measure followed by a second set of analyses examining the relationship between the new obtained factors with contact and cognitive complexity. This analysis allowed a comparison to be made between Helms' 5 WRI stages and the obtained factor solution from the factor analysis. It also allowed a comparison of the relationship between the stages and cognitive complexity and contact and the obtained factor solution and these same variables.Three hundred and sixty eight White undergraduates completed Helms' White Racial Identity Attitude Scale, a 4 x 6 Repertory Grid, measuring cognitive complexity in social settings, and an interracial contact measure, including a measure of both formal and informal types of contact. Results of part one of the analyses indicated that neither cognitive complexity nor cognitive complexity x contact were significantly related to WRI scores. However, contact was significantly related to WRI scores. WRI stage two was positively related and WRI stage four was negatively related to scores on formal contact. Stage 4 was negatively related and stages 2 and 3 were positively related to scores on informal contact.The results of part two indicated again that neither cognitive complexity nor cognitive complexity x contact were significantly related to the obtained WRI factors. However, contact once again was significant. The factor analysis produced a 5 factor solution that while similar in theme and number to the 5 stages, nonetheless indicated a different relationship with contact scores than the stages did. Factor 3 (representing stage 4) was positively related and factor 4 (representing stages 2 and 3) was negatively related to formal contact scores. However, factor 3 (representing stage 4) was positively related and factor 4 (representing stages 2 and 3) were negatively related to scores on informal contact. There were discrepancies across the two parts of the study as to the stages and direction of the relationships between interracial contact (formal and informal) and WRI scores. Some of these results were in opposite directions than either the theory or study expected.These discrepancies are dealt with in chapter 5.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
40
Ring, Natalie J. « The problem South : region, race, and "southern readjustment," 1880-1930 / ». Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3091317.
Texte intégral
41
Thompson, Mark A. « Space Race : African American Newspapers Respond to Sputnik and Apollo 11 ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5115/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Using African American newspapers, this study examines the consensual opinion of articles and editorials regarding two events associated with the space race. One event is the Soviet launch of Sputnik on October 4, 1957. The second is the Apollo 11 moon landing on July 20, 1969. Space Race investigates how two scientific accomplishments achieved during the Cold War and the civil rights movement stimulated debate within the newspapers, and that ultimately centered around two questions: why the Soviets were successful in launching a satellite before the US, and what benefits could come from landing on the moon. Anti-intellectualism, inferior public schools, and a lack of commitment on the part of the US government are arguments offered for analysis by black writers in the two years studied. This topic involves the social conditions of African Americans living within the United States during an era when major civil rights objectives were achieved. Also included are considerations of how living in a "space age" contributed to thoughts about civil rights, as African Americans were now living during a period in which science fiction was becoming reality. In addition, this thesis examines how two scientific accomplishments achieved during this time affected ideas about education, science, and living conditions in the U.S. that were debated by black writers and editors, and subsequently circulated for readers to ponder and debate. This paper argues that black newspapers viewed Sputnik as constituting evidence for an inferior US public school system, contrasted with the Soviet system. Due to segregation between the races and anti-intellectual antecedents in America, black newspapers believed that African Americans were an "untapped resource" that could aid in the Cold War if their brains were utilized. The Apollo moon landing was greeted with enthusiasm because of the universal wonder at landing on the moon itself and the prowess demonstrated by the collective commitment and organization necessary to achieve such an objective by decades end. However, consistently accompanying this adulation is disappointment that domestic problems were not given the same type of funding or national commitment.
42
Eriksson, Maria. « Defining rape emerging obligations for states under international law ? / ». Doctoral thesis, Kållared : Örebro Universitet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-10590.
Texte intégral
43
Blyth, Robert I. R. « Bulk and surface electronic structure of rare earth metals ». Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316767.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The basic properties of the rare earth metals, including single crystal growth, crystal and magnetic structures, and the relationship between electronic and magnetic structure, are reviewed. The problems encountered by the theoretical treatment of the partially occupied, but highly localised, lanthanide 4f levels as bands are discussed, and bandstructure calculations presented for the hexagonal close-packed rare earths. These are compared with available experimental and theoretical data. It is suggested that the exchange-splitting of the lanthanide valence bands may well persist in the paramagnetic state, and that account should be taken of the localised 4f moments in future calculations. The difficulties associated with the preparation of clean single crystal rare earth surfaces are described. The origin of the surface-orderdependent state seen in angle-resolved UV photoemission (ARUPS) spectra from rare earth (0/001) surfaces is discussed. (7 x 1) reconstructions of the (1120) surfaces of Ho, Er and Y are reported, with the resulting surface geometric and electronic structure being indistinguishable from those of the ideal (0001) structure. Momentum-resolved inverse photoernission measurements are presented for Y(000l), with results in good agreement with the calculated bandstructure. A comprehensive ARUPS study of the valence band of Ho(OOOl) is reported, and the results demonstrated to be entirely explicable in terms of emission from one-electron states. ARUPS data from Y(000l), Gd(000l) and Tb(000l) are presented, discussed in the light of the Ho results, and the conclusions of previous ARUPS studies of these surfaces revealed to be in error. Essentially similar ARUPS features are seen on all hcp rare earth (0001) surfaces so far studied and it is suggested that all other such surfaces will show the same features. The Ho(000l) 5p levels are shown to have significant band character, suggesting that further refinements to the band structure calculations are required.
44
Bewley, Robert I. « Random anistropy and exchange in amorphous rare earth magnets ». Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385168.
Texte intégral
45
Damiano, Eugenio. « Tunable Solid-State Lasers Based on Rare-Earth-Doped Fluoride Single Crystals ». Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1087623.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Rare-earth-doped fuorides single crystals have been proven to be reliable and interesting active media for solid-state lasers (SSLs) . In particular, they possess long spectral lifetimes, narrow emission linewidths and the high-quality output beams. These features allow them to compete both with semiconduc- tor laser and solid-state lasers based on other insulating materials and also to achieve laser emission in previously uncovered wavelength regions. In this work I report on the developement of SSLs in the visible, and in the near infrared region around 2 m. Fluoride crystals doped with thulium or co-doped with thulium and holmium can be pumped with laser diode near 800 nm to achieve ecient laser emission in the range 1.8-2.1 m. Thanks to the peculiar absorption properties of wa- ter and atmospheric gases in this region, these sources can be used for laser scalpels, surveillance, long-range LIDARs, and gas detection in the atmosphere. We investigated the spectroscopic, laser properties and tunability of two cu- bic materials, SrF2 doped with thulium (Tm:SrF2) and KY3F10, doped with thulium (Tm:KYF) or co-doped (Tm-Ho:KYF). For the single doped we ob- tained maximum slope eciencies of 67% and 56% respectively, and tunability of 180 nm and 194 nm. In the co-doped sample, we obtained a slope eciency of 24% and a tunability of 61 nm around 2.1 m. In the visible part of the spectrum, compact and reliable laser sources in the deep red region are nowadays required to pump strontium atomic lattice clocks, to reduce the size and complexity of the system for space-oriented applications. We studied the laser capabilities of two dierent hosts: Pr3+:Ba(Y(1x)Lux)2F8 (Pr:BYLF) and Pr3+:LiGdF4 (Pr:GLF). In both we observed tunability around 698 nm clock transition". In Pr:GLF we achieved continuous-wave laser emis- sion at 674, 688, 689, 698, and 707 nm, thus covering all the deep-red wave- lengths required for Sr0 clocks and the clock transition" of Sr+. These results provide the basis for the development of a compact and long-lasting laser plat- form for strontium metrology, based on diode-pumped solid-state lasers. Moreover we demonstrated the potential of praseodymium-doped single- crystal bers (SCFs) as compact and cost-ecient active media for visible lasers, by obtaining for the rst time laser emission in Pr:LiYF4 (Pr:YLF) and Pr:KYF SCFs . These bers were grown using thr relatively new technique of micro- pulling-down, which was proven to be a valid alternative to the 'more traditional' Czochralski method for the growth of monocrystalline laser materials.
46
LEWIS, ROBERT W. « REFRAMING INTENTIONS UNDERLYING RAPE BEHAVIOR WITH OFFENDERS INCARCERATED FOR RAPE (SEXUAL ASSAULT, NEUROLINGUISTIC PROGRAMING, RORSCHACH, AROUSED AGGRESSION) ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183777.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of NLP Reframing as a means of decreasing sexual response when aggression is aroused by a female with incarcerated rape offenders. The process of reframing involves a redirection of the positive intentions underlying rape behavior by associating new acceptable and nonviolent behaviors to the same intention. The paradoxical nature of this method allows for measurement of newly acquired behavior, a decrease in the maladaptive behavior (rape) or a decrease in some representation of the maladaptive behavior. In this study, a representation was created by arousing the aggression level of the participants toward a female followed by measurement of sexual response as measured by the Sexual Imagery Levels 1 and 3 of the Rorschach. A post-test only control group design was utilized. The sample for this study included 26 rape offenders incarcerated at the Arizona Correctional Training Center in Tucson. Participants ranged from 18 to 28 years of age and had a mean age of 23.33 years; had a mean I.Q. of 112.71 on the Culture Fair Intelligence Test and included 13 Anglos, 7 Mexican Americans, 4 Blacks, and 2 Native Americans. Data analysis for hypotheses testing involved ANCOVA with the total number of responses on the Rorschach being the covariate. Significant results beyond the .05 level of confidence were obtained on one of the two directional hypotheses (Sexual Imagery Level 3), suggesting that reframing rape behavior using the NLP method with incarcerated rape offenders may be effective in decreasing sexual response at a more symbolic level.
47
Bouldin, Patricia L. Grayson Alexandra M. « Perceptions of sexual harassment and sexual assault a study of gender differences among U.S. Navy officers / ». Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Mar/10Mar%5FBouldin.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2010.Thesis Advisor(s): Crawford, Alice ; Eitelberg, Mark J. "March 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 27, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Sexual harassment, sexual assault, unwanted sexual attention, gender perceptions. Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-167). Also available in print.
48
Boyd, R. Vernon. « An interpretive analysis of the integration of two churches ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
Texte intégral
49
Fraval, Elliot, et elliot fraval@gmail com. « Minimising the Decoherence of Rare Earth Ion Solid State Spin Qubits ». The Australian National University. Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, 2006. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20061010.124211.
Texte intégralRésumé :
[Mathematical symbols can be only approximated here. For the correct
display see the Abstract in the PDF files linked below] This work has
demonstrated that hyperfine decoherence times sufficiently long for
QIP and quantum optics applications are achievable in rare earth ion
centres. Prior to this work there were several QIP proposals using
rare earth hyperfine states for long term coherent storage of optical
interactions [1, 2, 3]. The very long T_1 (~weeks [4]) observed for
rare-earth hyperfine transitions appears promising but hyperfine T_2s
were only a few ms, comparable to rare earth optical transitions and
therefore the usefulness of such proposals was doubtful.
¶
This work demonstrated an increase in hyperfine T_2 by a factor of 7 ×
10^4 compared to the previously reported hyperfine T_2 for
Pr^[3+]:Y_2SiO_5 through the application of static and dynamic
magnetic field techniques. This increase in T_2 makes previous QIP
proposals useful and provides the first solid state optically active
Lamda system with very long hyperfine T_2 for quantum optics
applications.
¶
The first technique employed the conventional wisdom of applying a
small static magnetic field to minimise the superhyperfine interaction
[5, 6, 7], as studied in chapter 4. This resulted in hyperfine
transition T_2 an order of magnitude larger than the T_2 of optical
transitions, ranging fro 5 to 10 ms. The increase in T_2 was not
sufficient and consequently other approaches were required.
¶
Development of the critical point technique during this work was
crucial to achieving further gains in T_2. The critical point
technique is the application of a static magnetic field such that the
Zeeman shift of the hyperfine transition of interest has no first
order component, thereby nulling decohering magnetic interactions to
first order. This technique also represents a global minimum for back
action of the Y spin bath due to a change in the Pr spin state,
allowing the assumption that the Pr ion is surrounded by a thermal
bath. The critical point technique resulted in a dramatic increase of
the hyperfine transition T_2 from ~10 ms to 860 ms.
¶
Satisfied that the optimal static magnetic field configuration for
increasing T_2 had been achieved, dynamic magnetic field techniques,
driving either the system of interest or spin bath were investigated.
These techniques are broadly classed as Dynamic Decoherence Control
(DDC) in the QIP community. The first DDC technique investigated was
driving the Pr ion using a CPMG or Bang Bang decoupling pulse
sequence. This significantly extended T_2 from 0.86 s to 70 s. This
decoupling strategy has been extensively discussed for correcting
phase errors in quantum computers [8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15], with
this work being the first application to solid state systems.
¶
Magic Angle Line Narrowing was used to investigate driving the spin
bath to increase T_2. This experiment resulted in T_2 increasing from
0.84 s to 1.12 s. Both dynamic techniques introduce a periodic
condition on when QIP operation can be performed without the qubits
participating in the operation accumulating phase errors relative to
the qubits not involved in the operation.
¶
Without using the critical point technique Dynamic Decoherence Control
techniques such as the Bang Bang decoupling sequence and MALN are not
useful due to the sensitivity of the Pr ion to magnetic field
fluctuations. Critical point and DDC techniques are mutually
beneficial since the critical point is most effective at removing high
frequency perturbations while DDC techniques remove the low frequency
perturbations. A further benefit of using the critical point technique
is it allows changing the coupling to the spin bath without changing
the spin bath dynamics. This was useful for discerning whether the
limits are inherent to the DDC technique or are due to experimental
limitations.
¶
Solid state systems exhibiting long T_2 are typically very specialised
systems, such as 29Si dopants in an isotopically pure 28Si and
therefore spin free host lattice [16]. These systems rely on on the
purity of their environment to achieve long T_2. Despite possessing a
long T_2, the spin system remain inherently sensitive to magnetic
field fluctuations. In contrast, this work has demonstrated that
decoherence times, sufficiently long to rival any solid state system
[16], are achievable when the spin of interest is surrounded by a
concentrated spin bath. Using the critical point technique results in
a hyperfine state that is inherently insensitive to small magnetic
field perturbations and therefore more robust for QIP applications.
50
Black, Nathan Wolcott. « The spread of violent civil conflict : rare state-driven, and preventable ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74274.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2012.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
This dissertation advances and tests an explanation for the spread of violent civil conflict from one state to another. The fear of such "substate conflict contagion" is frequently invoked by American policymakers as a justification for military intervention in ongoing substate conflicts -- the argument these policymakers often make is that conflicts left uncontained now will spread and become a more pertinent security threat later. My State Action Explanation is that substate conflict contagion is not the sole product of nonstate factors such as transnational rebel networks and arms flows, nor of the structural factors such as poverty that make internal conflict more likely in general. Rather, at least one of three deliberate state government actions is generally required for a conflict to spread, making substate conflict contagion both less common and more state-driven -- and hence more preventable -- than is often believed. These state actions include Evangelization, the deliberate encouragement of conflict abroad by former rebel groups that have taken over their home government; Expulsion, the deliberate movement of combatants across borders by state governments in conflict; and Meddling with Overt Partiality, the deliberate interference in another state's conflict by a state government that subsequently leads to conflict in the interfering state. After introducing this State Action Explanation, I probe its empirical plausibility by identifying 84 cases of substate conflict contagion between 1946 and 2007, and showing that at least one of these three state actions was present and involved in most of these 84 cases. I then conduct two regional tests of the explanation, in Central America (1978-1996) and Southeast Asia (1959-1980). I argue that state actions appear to have been necessary for most of the contagion cases in both of these regions, and that the absence of state actions appears to best explain the cases in which conflicts did not spread.
by Nathan Wolcott Black.
Ph.D.