Thèses sur le sujet « Rapine »
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Corona, Galvan Luis. « Prototypage rapide de pièces en acier : étude du dépôt de matière et d'énergie lors de la fusion à l'arc d'un fil par le procédé MIG-CMT ». Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS062/document.
Texte intégralA test bench specially dedicated to additive manufacturing by a new technology based on the electric arc melting of a metallic wire has been developed. This technology uses an electric arc welding process called Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) as energy source to ensure the controlled melting of the wire and the deposition of liquid metal droplets to produce mechanical parts by superposing weld beads. The developed technology was used to make specimens from a low alloyed steel wire. The influence of the many parameters controlling the arc welding source on the mechanism of wire melting and transfer of molten metal droplets to form weld beads was studied. The melting-transfer cycles of liquid metal were analyzed in particular with special interest in the energies generated during each of the cycle phases. This knowledge has made possible to find different process settings for increasing the metal deposition rate compared to the pre-recorded standard settings in the microprocessor of the CMT welding generator. Walls consisting of the superposition of a large number of weld beads were then made, and the influence of the addition of many layers on the geometry of the deposits were discussed. Finally, a method of online control of the process, based on the principle of control charts, has been developed. A detailed study of the representative waveforms of current and voltage of the melting / transfer cycle with the CMT process has allowed to identify the most relevant characteristics for detecting, from a control chart, a deviation on the process that may lead to the appearance of geometrical defects
Wright, Lauren E. « The American Serial Rapist : 1940-2010 ». Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1397845726.
Texte intégralPAVESI, IRENE. « Patterns and determinants of repeated bank robbery in Italy ». Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/969.
Texte intégralThe present thesis proposes a study on repeated bank robbery in Italy. In the last decade, about 50% of European bank robberies have occurred in this country, drawing a problematic situation in terms of both safety and economic impact on banks. Empirical research proves that crime is concentrated on a small proportion of the population and therefore victimization is the best predictor of crime. While repeat victimization has been studies with regard to several crime types, little attention has been paid to bank robbery. This thesis aims at filling this gap by analyzing the universe of bank robberies occurred in Italy between 2007 and 2009. The study shows that, in Italy, only 5% branches accounts for about 45% of all robberies; once victimized, indeed, a bank is exposed to 36% probabilities to be victimized again within the following six months. This concentration is determined by both the success of prior offence, which drives the repeats by original offenders (boost effect), and the characteristics of banks, which expose them to the action of multiple offenders (flag effect).
PAVESI, IRENE. « Patterns and determinants of repeated bank robbery in Italy ». Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/969.
Texte intégralThe present thesis proposes a study on repeated bank robbery in Italy. In the last decade, about 50% of European bank robberies have occurred in this country, drawing a problematic situation in terms of both safety and economic impact on banks. Empirical research proves that crime is concentrated on a small proportion of the population and therefore victimization is the best predictor of crime. While repeat victimization has been studies with regard to several crime types, little attention has been paid to bank robbery. This thesis aims at filling this gap by analyzing the universe of bank robberies occurred in Italy between 2007 and 2009. The study shows that, in Italy, only 5% branches accounts for about 45% of all robberies; once victimized, indeed, a bank is exposed to 36% probabilities to be victimized again within the following six months. This concentration is determined by both the success of prior offence, which drives the repeats by original offenders (boost effect), and the characteristics of banks, which expose them to the action of multiple offenders (flag effect).
Vauzour, Benjamin. « Étude expérimentale du transport d'électrons rapides dans le cadre de l'allumage rapide pour la fusion inertielle ». Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14496/document.
Texte intégralThe framework of this PhD thesis is the validation of the fast ignition scheme for the nuclear fusion by inertial confinement. It consists in the experimental study of the various processes involved in fast electron beams propagation, produced by intense laser pulses (10^{19} W.cm-2), through dense matter either solid or compressed. In this work we present the results of three experiments carried out on different laser facilities in order to generate fast electron beams in various conditions and study their propagation in different states of matter, from the cold solid to the warm and dense plasma.The first experiment was performed with a high intensity contrast on the UHI100 laser facility (CEA Saclay). The study of fast electron energy deposition inside thin aluminium targets highlights a strong target heating at shallow depths, where the collectivs effects are predominant, thus producing a steep temperature profile between front (300eV) and rear (20eV) sides over 20µm thickness. A numerical simulation of the experiment shows that this temperature gradient induces the formation of a shock wave, breaking through the rear side of the target and thus leading to increase the thermal emission. The experimental chronometry of the shock breakthrough allowed validating the model of the collective transport of electrons.Two other experiments were dedicated to the study of fast electron beam propagation inside compressed targets. In the first experiment on the LULI2000 laser facility, the plane compression geometry allowed to precisely dissociate the energy losses due to resistive effects from those due to the collisional ones. By comparing our experimental results with simulations, we observed a significative increase of the fast electron beam energy losses with the compression and the target heating to temperatures close to the Fermi temperature. The second experiment, performed in a cylindrical geometry, demonstrated a fast electron beam guiding phenomenon due to self-generated magnetic fields in presence of sharp radial resistivity gradients. Furthermore, in the temperature and density conditions achieved here, the increase of collisional energy losses with density is compensated by the decreasing resistive energy losses due to the transition of the conductivity into the high-temperatures Spitzer regime
Logerais, Pierre-Olivier. « Étude du chauffage d’un substrat de silicium dans un système thermique rapide (RTP : Rapid Thermal Process) ». Paris, ENSAM, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENAM0024.
Texte intégralRapid Thermal Process (RTP) is very used in the manufacturing of microelectronic components. It is a key stage like annealing, silicidation, oxidation, nitruration and chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Its principle is to heat a small number of silicon wafers by infrared lamps for very short durations. Its main challenge is to obtain a uniform temperature for the wafer surface. The aim of this study is to get a better understanding of the relations between the infrared lamp heating and the silicon wafer temperature profile in a rapid thermal system, the AS-One 150 system, in order to improve the silicon wafer temperature uniformity. The system is modelled in two and three dimensions. The modelling of an infrared lamp is also realized to have a better knowledge of the parameters to enter in the two and three dimensional models. The models are realized by using the CFD’ACE software. The heat and mass conservation equations are taken into consideration and the radiative heat transfer equation is solved by using a Monte-Carlo scheme. The models are validated by comparing the wafer temperature profiles and the filament temperatures in the calculations to the experimental ones. Two dimensional simulations are thereby carried out to put into light the influence of the quartz window on the wafer temperature profile and vice-versa. Different parameters are modified in the models like the radiative properties of the wafer or the window thermal diffusivity. This correlation is then explained by the emission, absorption, reflection and transmission properties of the silicon wafer and the quartz window and by the influence of the reactor cooled wall at 300 K. The different phenomena which explain the shape of the wafer temperature profile are displayed in a four phase diagram. A discussion of the diagram leads to two ideas to improve the wafer temperature uniformity. They consist in changing the radiative properties for the lower face of the quartz window to let the radiative heat of the lamp pass and to prevent the absorption of the radiations emitted by the silicon wafer by two configurations. These two ideas are verified by numerical simulations in two dimensions. A future experimental test is finally suggested
Munguía, Valenzuela Francisco Javier. « RMADS : development of a concurrent Rapid Manufacturing Advice System ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6852.
Texte intégral· Sistemes experts, que s'executen durant el procés de presa de decisions amb alternatives múltiples. Els sistemes experts utilitzen típicament estructures del tipus: IF-THEN-ELSE o CASE, de manera que les opcions puguin ser 'cribrades' especialment durant les primeres etapes de la selecció.
· Lògica difusa per a la presa de decisions. Normalment en l'àmbit de la fabricació, alguns termes lingüístics o paràmetres de tipus qualitatiu són utilitzats per definir estats o propietats. Per exemple és comú trobar termes qualitatius com ara: 'bones propietats mecàniques "o" alta taxa d'absorbència', en lloc de xifres i números puntuals. Per tant és necessari comptar amb un mètode per traduir i gestionar aquesta informació. La lògica difusa ha estat adoptada com a mitjà per traduir termes d'ordre qualitatiu a informació quantitativa de manera que a partir d'aquestes dades es pugui construir un sistema de classificació i rànquing de processos.
· Presa de decisions Multi-criteri, agrupació (sumatòria) i classificació. Durant la investigació es van provar diferents mètodes per a la classificació d'alternatives i selecció final a partir de vectors d'ordre quantitatiu amb pesos ponderats. Per a aquesta finalitat es va adoptar la metodologia proposada per Lan et al. (2005) el qual es descriu en el capítol 5 d'aquest treball.
· Xarxes Neuronals Artificials. Aquestes han estat aplicades per a la modelització i simulació d'alguns processos de Fabricació Ràpida prèviament seleccionats. Per exemple, el procés de Sinteritzat Selectiu Làser es va aconseguir modelar utilitzant Xarxes Neuronals amb un algorisme de "backpropagation", prenent com a informació base, les dades proporcionades pel software propietari de l'equip. Aquesta xarxa neuronal simula una màquina de sinteritzat làser model DTM Vanguard, disponible a la FundacioCIM-UPC a Barcelona. D'altra banda el procés de Fusió selectiva per làser ha estat modelat també mitjançant Xarxes Neuronals a partir de l'equip Concep Laser M2, disponible al laboratori d'Enginyeria mecànica de la Universitat Catòlica de Lovaina, Bèlgica. Els models extrets d'aquestes simulacions mostren una estimació del temps total de fabricació menor al 10% la qual cosa representa una millora substancial respecte a mètodes d'estimació paramètrics.
· Finalment s'ha utilitzat la tècnica de bases de dades relacionals per a la gestió i emmagatzematge d'informació sobre materials. Aquestes bases de dades han estat creades en Ms Access, que proporciona la facilitat d'accés, filtrat, graficació i presentació de la informació requerida. Aquesta informació pot ser extreta automàticament mitjançant trucades ODBC, executades des de l'entorn Matlab.
Per a il·lustrar el funcionament de les eines descrites en una forma integrada, s'ha optat per desenvolupar una aplicació pilot en Matlab, utilitzant alguns "Tool boxes" especialitzats com: Lògica difusa, Xarxes neuronals, Estadística, Utilitats de graficació, Creació d'interfície d'usuari (GUI), Bases de dades. El resultat d'aquesta integració és una aplicació pilot anomenada RMADS (Rapid Manufacturing Advice System), el qual compta amb una interfície gràfica d'usuari que es divideix en tres mòduls:
· Requeriments generals de disseny. Aquest mòdul analitza els paràmetres usualment definits en les especificacions inicials de Producte, per exemple: tipus de material, toleràncies, acabat superficial, complexitat geomètrica, etc.
· Mòdul de costos. Aquest mòdul utilitza paràmetres d'entrada prèviament introduïts com: volum de peça, mida de lot i dimensions totals, per a realitzar càlculs mitjançant mètodes paramètrics i models basats en xarxes neuronals. El resultat és una estimació del cost per peça i també el cost estès per volums grans.
· Selecció de materials. Aquest mòdul mostra la natura iterativa del procés de selecció de materials, a través de criteris de "filtratge" o selecció, de manera que a cada iteració el nombre d'opcions sigui limitat a un nombre raonable d'alternatives.
The intention of this research is to go beyond currently available systems for the assessment and selection of Rapid Prototyping processes, hence introducing a new methodology devoted to 'Manufacturing' applications. Specifically the system would include a number of state of the art artificial Intelligence techniques to comprise a fully concurrent methodology, namely:
· Expert systems are included to aid in the decision making process with multiple alternatives. Expert systems typically use If-Then-Else or CASE structures so that the available options can be screened specially during the first selection stages.
· Fuzzy logic for decision making. Usually in manufacturing, linguistic terms or qualitative parameters are used to define states of properties. For instance it is common to find terms such as 'Good mechanical properties' or 'High absortivity rates' therefore it is necessary to have a method to translate and manage such information. Fuzzy logic has been adopted as a means to translate qualitative terms to quantitative information.
· Multi-criteria decision making, aggregation and ranking. Different methods for selecting and ranking alternatives were tested which allows the integration of quantitative vectors with weighting factors that reflect the user preferences. For this purpose the method proposed by Lan et al. (2005) has been adopted as discussed in Chapter 5.
· Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are being applied for the modelling and simulation of a number of Rapid Manufacturing Methods. Selective Laser Sintering has been modelled using a back propagation algorithm ANN taking as a basis the information provided by the machine software. The ANN simulates a DTM Vanguard SLS machine available at Fundacio CIM-UPC, Barcelona, while the Selective Laser Melting has been modelled with the parameters and settings used by the Concept Laser M2 machine available at the Mechanical Engineering Lab of the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium. The extracted models exhibit a build-time prediction error rate lower than 10%, which is a significant improvement compared to conventional parametric methods.
· Finally, relational databases have been applied for storing and handling materials information. These databases have been stored as Ms Access data which provides the ease to access, filter, screen and plot the required information. This data can be automatically called and extracted by means of an ODBC call deployed within the Matlab environment.
In order to illustrate the functionality of the previous tools put together, a pilot application was designed in Matlab, making use of a number of specialized toolboxes namely: Fuzzy logic, Neural Network, Statistics, Plotting utilities, GUI builder, Database.
The result is a prototype system with a graphic user interface divided in three modules:
· General design requirements: which deals with those parameters usually defined in the product PDS, for instance: material type, tolerances, surface roughness, geometrical complexity, etc.
· Costing module: which makes use of parametric cost estimation and ANN-based models to perform the calculation of cost per part, and for low volumes
· Materials selection: Shows the iterative nature of materials selection through screening steps so that the range of suitable options is limited.
Madugula, Sashi Kiran. « Development of a Numerical Tool to Optimise the Infill Structure of Part Produced by Fused Deposition Modeling ». Thesis, Troyes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TROY0002.
Texte intégralThe objective of this thesis is to develop a numerical tool to optimise the internal structure of 3D printed parts produced by the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) process. In 3D printing, the term infill refers to the internal structure of the part. To create the infill design, slicing software is used, which generally creates the infill uniformly throughout the part. When such a part is subjected to external loading, not all the infill regions will experience the same amount of stress. Therefore, using uniform infill throughout the part is not the most optimised solution in terms of material usage. We aim to develop a numerical tool to evolve the infill design with respect to the mechanical stresses generated by the external loads. To achieve this, we propose two different methodologies based on an iterative process using refinement technique and remeshing techniques coupled to Finite Element simulation (FE simulation) to control the internal structure of the part without changing the contour. These methodologies aim to reinforce the infill of the part without changing the contour, in the area where the mechanical strength must be improved to strengthen the structure, but also to decrease the amount of material to reduce the printing time
Boyard, Nicolas. « Méthodologie de conception pour la réalisation de pièces en Fabrication Additive ». Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENAM0015/document.
Texte intégralThe aim of this thesis is to propose a design methodology to produce parts using additivemanufacturing (AM). Compared to standard manufacturing processes, as machining, forming, casting ormolding, AM processes have new features for manufacturing multi-material parts, nondetachableassemblies or complex shapes. The arrival of this new technology involves a paradigm shift that requiressupport to designers to develop quality products. Also the mechanical and finishing specifications of theparts obtained by AM depend on their orientation during the manufacturing. Furthermore, depending onthe process, the desired geometry and the orientation, it could be necessary to integrate a support in orderto ensure manufacturability of the part. We define a design methodology that respects the integrity of thedigital channel and whose purpose is to produce a sliced numerical model ready to be manufactured on anAM machine. For this, our methodology is based on data from functional specification and businessknowledge of the process indicated by the designer, to automatically propose a first solid geometry whichsatisfies all these requirements. After this first step, a step of topological optimization restricts the volumeof the part in order to reduce its weight, cost and manufacturing time. Finally, if necessary, optimizedsupport ensuring the manufacturability of the part is generated according to the same criteria. Thismethodology is accompanied by an industrial case study as well as of two experiments to observe thepossibility to finish parts made of ABS with acetone. The first experiment is an experimental design whichmeasures the obtained surface finish based on the temperature of the acetone, the operating time, theinclination of the surfaces of the piece and its thickness. The second experiment is a tensile stress testdesigned to observe a change in the mechanical resistance of the part. Regardless of the type of machineand the AM process, the methodology we propose is a first concrete step towards obtaining directlycompliant parts, whether for industrial or domestic use
Andries, Anne-Claire. « Diagnostic de la dengue : trois solutions pour améliorer la prise en charge des patients et faciliter les études épidémiologiques ». Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS146/document.
Texte intégralDengue is a viral disease transmitted by Aedes species mosquitoes, in tropical and subtropical regions. Dengue virus (DENV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. Although most DENV infections are asymptomatic or result in a self-limited febrile illness, severe diseases characterized by plasma leakage, with or without hemorrhage, can also occur. Patients with a severe dengue can rapidly progress into a life-threatening shock syndrome if no efficient clinical management is provided. There is no specific treatment available for dengue but an accurate and early fluid therapy substantially reduces the occurrence of severe forms of the disease. Dengue symptoms are typically non-specific until or unless complications develop. Only a biologic diagnosis based on DENV genome, NS1 antigen or anti-DENV antibodies detection enables to confirm dengue cases. Dengue is now a major public health problem due to both its geographical spread and the increase in the number of severe cases. New diagnostic tools are necessary to ensure epidemiological surveillance and control of the disease. These tools need to be effective and easy to use in every medical settings, from the smallest primary health centers to the biggest reference centers, and also usable for epidemiologic studies, e.g. for epidemic investigations. The work presented in this thesis was dedicated to this problematic.In a first part of the work, a rapid diagnostic test (RDT), designed to detect NS1 antigen, anti-DENV IgG and IgM, was evaluated, both in a specialized laboratory and in the field, in order to compare the test performances in two different settings, with the same samples. Interestingly, sensitivity was lower when the test was used in the field compared to the sensitivity of the test when performed in the specialized laboratory. Discordances were mainly observed for IgM and IgG detection. Impact of the use of the RDT on clinical management was also assessed during the field study and it revealed that Cambodian pediatricians ignored the results of the RDT and followed their clinical instinct.A second part of the work was dedicated to the assessment of the usefulness of urine and saliva for dengue diagnostic. Dengue diagnostic normally requires a venous blood sample that can be difficult to obtain in certain conditions such as in children or during epidemiological studies. Urine and saliva are easier to collect as the procedure is non-invasive. We showed that, although the performances of the different diagnostic methods were not as good in saliva and urine as in plasma specimens, the results obtained by qRT-PCR and by anti-DENV antibody ELISA could well justify the use of these two body fluids to detect dengue infection in situations when the collection of blood samples is difficult. Performances of commercial RDTs developed for NS1 and anti-DENV antibodies (IgM, IgG and IgA) detection in urine and saliva specimens were not satisfactory.In the last part of the thesis, the potential use of proteinuria as a prognostic marker of severity was assessed but it didn’t prove to be a useful marker for risk prediction
Rial, Carmen Silvia. « Le goût de l'image : ça se passe comme ça dans les fast-foods : étude anthropologique de la restauration rapide ». Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H061.
Texte intégralThrough this ethnographic study of fast-food restaurants (the fast-food myths of origin, the consumer's image of them, the work organization, the employees, the menu and the publicity), we pretend to consider divers dimensions of the globalization process which characterizes the modern world. Initiated in the late fifties, the fast foods represent today 45% of North America’s commercial restaurants. They can be found in more than sixty countries including Brazil and France which we study in greater detail. In a comparative perspective, we try to show how, despite their supposed homogeneity, fast foods become localizes, taking on the cultural context of the place, seen as false restaurants by certains social groups and targets of protes by nationalist and ecological movements, they are considered by other, on the contrary, as symbols of an idealized modernity. Through the analysis of rumours concerning the origin of meat in hamburgers, we see how the use of advanced technology in the food industry engenders ambiquous feelings and fears in the consumer's imaginary universe. We conclude that what most characterizes these restaurants is the taste for an image, the adhesion to a profusion of images around which the clients, fascinated, share a sense of communion
Richaudeau, François. « Introduction à une étude quantitative du langage écrit et de ses lisibilités ». Paris 8, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA080313.
Texte intégralDelebecque, Benoît Ris Gabriel Barlier Claude. « Intégration de fonctions avancées à l'inter-strate de pièces réalisées par le procédé de Stratoconception méthodologie et développement des outils associés / ». S. l. : S. n, 2007. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2007_0102_DELEBECQUE.pdf.
Texte intégralLi, Wei. « Elaboration par un procédé de précipitation de nanoparticules aux propriétés contrôlées : application à la magnétite ». Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL024N/document.
Texte intégralThe present work is focused on developing and modeling a precipitation process for the production of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles. The Massart chemical method is chosen to obtain the magnetite nanoparticles owing to its detailed study on the reaction parameters. A semi-batch reactor with a recirculation system is chosen to realize this precipitation process and rapid mixers (T mixer and Hartridge-Roughton mixers of different dimensions) are used to provide an intensive mixing of reagent fluids. Different operating parameters are tested to determine their influences on the precipitate quality. Many analytic techniques are employed to determine the properties of obtained nanoparticles. The results indicate that, without changing of chemical parameters, the quality of magnetite elementary nanoparticles and agglomerates depend sensibly on the type of microreactors utilized. In addition, the magnetite nanoparticles are considered to be a hopeful nanoadsorbent and the related tests are studied. Finally, the CFD technique is used to model the hydrodynamic behaviors of the rapid mixers
Leiva, Germán. « Interactive Prototyping of Interactions : from Throwaway Prototypes to Takeaway Prototyping ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS551/document.
Texte intégralPrototyping is essential in any design process. During the early stages, designers rely on rapid prototyping to explore ideas. Current rapid prototyping tools and techniques focus on paper representations and their disposability. However, while these throwaway prototypes are quick to create they are difficult to iterate over. I argue that rapid prototyping tools can effectively support reusable as well as throwaway artifacts for sketching interaction in early-stage design. First, I investigate tools in the context of video prototyping. Designers experience two main barriers to use video in interaction design: the time to capture and edit the video artifacts. To aid during the capturing-phase of video prototyping I created VideoClipper. This tool embodies an integrated iterative design method that rewards discipline but permits flexibility for video prototyping. The tool provides a storyboard-style overview to organize multiple videos in story Lines. VideoClipper offers editable and reusable TitleCards, video capture for steady-state and rough stop-motion filming and the ability to recombine videos in new ways for redesign. I present informal user studies with interaction design students using VideoClipper in three design courses. Results suggest that participants spend less time capturing and editing in VideoClipper than with other video tools. However, many designers find tedious to create stop-motion videos for continuous interactions and to re-shoot clips as the design evolves. Participants continuously try to reduce re-shooting by reusing backgrounds or mixing different levels of fidelity. Inspired by this behavior, I created Montage, a prototyping tool for video prototyping that lets designers progressively augment paper prototypes with digital sketches, facilitating the creation, reuse and exploration of dynamic interactions. Montage uses chroma keying to decouple the prototyped interface from its context of use, letting designers reuse or change them independently. I describe how Montage enhances video prototyping by combining video with digital animated sketches, encourages the exploration of different contexts of use, and supports prototyping of different interaction styles. Second, I investigate how early designs start being implemented into interactive prototypes. Professional designers and developers often struggle when transitioning from the illustration of the design to the actual implementation of the system. In collaboration with Nolwenn Maudet, I conducted three studies that focused on the design and implementation of custom interactions to understand the mismatches between designers' and developers' processes, tools and representations. We find that current practices induce unnecessary rework and cause discrepancies between design and implementation and we identify three recurring types of breakdowns: omitting critical details, ignoring edge cases, and disregarding technical limitations. I propose four design principles to create tools that mitigate these problems: Provide multiple viewpoints, maintain a single source of truth, reveal the invisible and support design by enaction. We apply these principles to create Enact, an interactive live environment for prototyping touch-based interactions. We introduce two studies to assess Enact and to compare designer-developer collaboration with Enact versus current tools. Results suggest that Enact helps participants detect more edge cases, increases designers' participation and provides new opportunities for co-creation. These three prototyping tools rely on the same underlying theoretical principles: reification, polymorphism, reuse, and information substrates. Also, the presented tools outline a new prototyping approach that I call "Takeaway Prototyping". In contrast to throwaway prototypes, instead of emphasizing disposability, tools for "Takeaway Prototyping" support design by enaction and reify design artifacts to materialize the lessons learned
Cramer, Jérémy. « Contrôle ultra rapide de température sur puce : PCR rapide et régulation du cycle cellulaire ». Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066496.
Texte intégralThe purpose of this work is to take advantage of micro fabrication combined with heat and mass transfer to build potential commercialized temperature control devices in several domain. In molecular biology, for molecular pathogenesis detection we made a new PCR device able to able to perform 30 amplifications cycles in less than 3 minutes. We also demonstrated that our platform was able to quantify with fluorescence the presence of Ebola and Anthrax simulant agents. Respectively 7 minutes and 7 minutes 30 secondes are required to detect the virus and bacteria. In cellular biology we have made a universal temperature control for live cell imaging. It device allow to perform spacio-temporal study of cell mecanisms due to is fast ability to shift from a temperature to another in less than 10 seconds. Many biological validations have been performed. Thank to his universal adaptation to microscope we have also decided to commercialize this device by creating a new start-up
Pisani, Francesca. « Etude expérimentale de la propagation et du dépôt d'énergie d'électrons rapides dans une cible solide ou comprimée par choc laser : application à l'allumeur rapide ». Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2000. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001022.
Texte intégralPISANI, FRANCESCA. « Etude experimentale de la propagation et du depot d'energie d'electrons rapides dans une cible solide ou comprimee par choc laser : application a l'allumeur rapide ». Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EPXX0019.
Texte intégralRoy, Anne-Marie. « Détection de charge rapide radiofréquence ». Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8155.
Texte intégralJoly, Jean-Francois. « Recuit rapide isotherme des semiconducteurs ». Lyon, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ISAL0016.
Texte intégralVonesch, Hélène. « Magnéto-optique ultra-rapide cohérente ». Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/VONESCH_Helene_2011.pdf.
Texte intégralIn this work we have studied the ultra-fast interaction of photons and spins in ferromagnetic materials. At first, we have detailed the origin of magneto-optical effects and the different physical processes intervening in ultra-fast magnetization dynamics, especially in the coherent dynamics. We have used a simple model based on eight levels of the Hydrogen atom to explore two aspects of ultra-fast magneto-optical experiments: the importance of the spin-orbit interaction with the laser field appearing in the relativistic Foldy-Wouthuysen development, and the relation between the magneto-optical signal and the ultra-fast magnetization dynamics at short pump-probe delays. We have modeled two types of four-wave mixing experiments: a pump-probe configuration and a three beam setting, which enabled us to distinguish between the coherences’ and the populations’ magneto-optical response. We have shown that in our simple model, the spin-orbit interaction appearing in the Foldy-Wouthuysen development acts on the magnetization dynamics in the case of a strong Zeeman interaction. We have illustrated experimentally the two different magneto-optical dynamics for the populations and coherences in a three beam four-wave mixing experiment performed on a thin garnet film. This work announces progresses in the understanding of the coherent interaction between spins and photons in ferromagnetic materials as well as the possibility of controlling magnetization coherently on a femtosecond timescale
Joly, Jean-François. « Recuit rapide isotherme des semiconducteurs ». Grenoble : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37593837b.
Texte intégralQoura, Omar El Sayed Ahmed. « Aspects sociaux, culturels et identitaires liés à implantation d’une restauration de type fast-food (chaînes locaux et internationaux), une étude comparative, le cas du Caire ». Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1115.
Texte intégralThe main purpose of this research is the development and the test of the fast-food restaurants regarding adaptations of the food, service and ambience will be made (if necessary) according to the measure of satisfaction of the meal experienced by consumers who are visiting fast-food restaurants. The study will also provide standard information to the restaurant industry through a look at fast-food competition in Egypt. This research determines whether the fast food customers’ expectations regarding the meal experience and its components were met, and whether they were satisfied with the current meal experience? The response rate reached 77. 7% for fast food restaurants respectively. A quantitative research paradigm was chosen for this research study with the consumer perspective as the point of departure, in the form of the fast food theory. For this research the self-administered questionnaire was the principle method of data collection. The results support the main hypothesis that the majority of the fast food customers were of the opinion that the current meal experience and all its components provided at fast-food restaurants were not met their expectations. In addition, this study shows that the positive relation between service, quality of food and cleanliness as a factors with the highest influence on the demand, it is therefore recommended that fast food chains look into service, quality of food and cleanliness more closely and develop strategies that will ensure and maintain cleanliness at all times
Roubin, Jean-Pierre. « Étude de l'injection d'atomes neutres rapides dans le tokamak T. F. R ». Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112194.
Texte intégralDuring neutral beam injection experiments on TFR, the increase of the plasma temperature appears to be weak and is saturating at high power. This observation leads to question the classical scheme of power coupling to thethermal plasma and tocheck experimentally its successive stepsheck experimentally its successive steps. First of all, the neutral beam transmission and capture in the plasma, measured by calorimetric methods, are in agreement with the classical calculations. Next the confinement and thermalization of the fast ions is reviewed by means of three different measurements:- charge exchange analysis of fast neutrals leaving the plasma (an auxiliary modulated neutral beam gives a spatially resolved measurement)- neutron flux analysis during injection of deuterium ions into a deuterium plasma- measurement of the fast ions trapped in the toroidal magnetic field ripples. These experiments show that a non-classical mechanism transports the most energetic ions towards the plasma periphery. This phenomenon then limits the overall power that can be effectively absorbed in the plasma centre and contributes to deteriorate the energy confinement. Finally, the respective role of thermal and non-thermal populations in the power balance is addressed
ripoll, françois. « Etude d'une demande de soins au niveau d'un service d'accueil des urgences : la consultation rapide ». Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE6538.
Texte intégralKerninon, Julien. « Intégration des spécificités de la fabrication additive dans une méthode de conception de pièces ». Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ECDN0030.
Texte intégralIn a way to adapt to a market increasingly competitive, companies need to minimize costs and reduce development time while maintaining high quality. This adaptation requires taking into account all elements of the product life cycle, from needs analysis to manufacturing, at an early stage of design. Because a recent developments, additive manufacturing technologies are now considered as manufacturing processes. The development of a design method suitable for these processes has become a major issue for their development. The objective of this thesis is to propose an approach to aid the design of mechanical parts to be obtained using an additive process. We have developed a method of Design for Additive Manufacturing (DFAM). This method, based on analysis fo topological characteristic of the part studied, is use to evaluate the manufacturability of the part with additive processes. We have also developed an approach to decompose a CAD maodel that can separate the geometries that are potentially interesting to be manufactured by additive processes from those that are problematic. These can then be redesigned to adapt to the process or be produced by another way and used as a perform. A model for the blank part for additive manufacturing can thus be proposed. We tested this method on different test parts, espacially on a pice of the medical field, which is one area where additive processes has great potential
Domashenkov, Alexey. « Etude de la faisabilité de la fabrication de pièces fonctionnelles à partir d'alliages intermétalliques, matériaux métallo-céramiques et superalliages au moyen de la fusion sélective par laser ». Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEE004.
Texte intégralProcessing of superalloys and non-conventional materials (cermets and intermetallics) by means of selective laser melting is the subject of the current study. The particular attention is paid to relations between process parameters, aspects of the materials science and resulting properties. Chapter 1 describes the principles of the involved technology and the literature review of standard materials in selective laser melting (SLM). Chapter 2 is devoted to the description of superalloys, cermets and intermetallic alloys. Issues related to laser treatment of the involved alloys are investigated. Chapter 3 describes of a single crystal superalloyThymonel-2. Three post heat treatment cycles are studied. Results of selective laser melting of ceramic powder particles B4C, cladded by a layer of pure cobalt, are shown in chapter 4. Analysis of micro- and macrostructures, as well as phase analysis, are performed. Chapter 5 is dedicated to SLM of WC/Co standard and nanophased powders. There are demonstrated strict relations between the initial size of WV elementary domains and the resulting one. Studying of the heating procedure during laser processing of NiTi is the subject of the chapter 6. Stainless steel 304L, titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V and superalloys. Inconel 718 were used as building substrate materials. Chapter 7 is dedicated to the optical diagnostics of unitary track formation from aluminide of titanium, as well as to analysis of specimens obtained from this intermetallic alloy. The diagnostics was perfomed by means of a single-wave pyrometer and a thermographic camera. Chapter 8 describes the development of a mathematical model of thermal cycles during processing of a material by a concentrated source of energy. The applicability domain of the model is analyzed by the comparison of the simulation results with the experimental ones
Bottero, Julie. « L'application d'algorithmes de décision et l'utilisation de tests rapides permettent-elles d'optimiser le dépistage et la prévention de l'hépatite B ? » Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066213/document.
Texte intégralIn France, more than half of those infected with HBV are unaware of their status. The Optiscreen B program aimed to evaluate the interest of testing recommendations and rapid tests (RT) and in optimizing screening, linkage-to-care, and prevention of hepatitis B. The main results were : Identification of missed opportunities for screening, mainly caused by underestimating country of birth as an important risk factor. Implementing screening recommendations from the CDC could significantly reduce the proportion of infected individuals unaware of their status, but with the disadvantage of many tests. 16% of persons testing HBsAg-positive after screening have an indication for antiviral treatment. 100% with isolated anti-HBcAb had undetectable HBV viral load. HBsAg RTs have sensitivities between 90.5 and 96.5% and specificities greater than 99%. The anti-HBsAb QuickProfileTM has very good specificity (97.8%) but low sensitivity (58.3%). The effectiveness of HBV RT in improving linkage-to-care was not established among persons eligible for HBV-screening. This was due in part to low infection prevalence and insufficient sensitivity of the anti-HBsAb RT. Nevertheless, combined use of HBsAg, HIV, and HCV RT seems to greatly improve the cascade of care among migrants in socially precarious situations and at high-risk of infection. HBV-vaccination after HBV screening does not occur often, mainly because of insufficient physician-patient motivation. Increased vaccination coverage might be achieved by emphasizing its need at the organizational level. Following this work, cost-benefit analysis of different screening strategies is greatly needed
Barrois, Olivier. « Assimilation de données et modélisation stochastique dans la réanalyse des données géomagnétiques satellitaires ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU030/document.
Texte intégralThis thesis, entitled {sc Data Assimilation and Stochastic Modelling in Geomagnetic Satellite Data Reanalysis}, intends to retrieve information on the state of the Earth's core at the Core-Mantle-Boundary, by combining, first, spatial constraints coming from direct numerical simulations, and second, temporal information coming from stochastic equations.This purpose is achieved through inverse methods and a data assimilation augmented state algorithm.The proposed algorithm is designed to be flexible, textit{i.e.} able to integrate several types of data or constraints, and to be simple, textit{i.e.} with low computation time and easy to modify.This work fits in with the other studies on the geomagnetic data assimilation of the community, and with the opportunity to use the last satellite data from Swarm spacecraft (2014-....).We have worked in collaboration with Julien Aubert (IPGP), who has provided the spatial constraints from Coupled-Earth dynamo, and with Christopher C. Finlay (DTU) and Magnus Hammer (DTU), who have provided the satellites and ground observatories data.The major outcomes of this thesis are the design of a functional algorithm, validated through synthetic twin experiments (published), and applied, first, to the Gauss coefficients of a geomagnetic model, and second, to the measures of the CHAMP and Swarm missions.My algorithm is able to retrieve information, not only on the measured quantities, but also on the unobserved quantities like the core flows or the magnetic diffusion.This work has led to the production of a magnetic field and core flows model at the core surface which is not classically regularized.The geomagnetic field model shows results that are globally similar to the CHAOS-6 reference field model, and that are coherent with the other studies of the community.Thus, the maps of the magnetic field and the velocity field obtained, confirm that the dipole decay is principally driven by advection, and display the persistent presence of the Atlantic gyre associated with a Pacific hemisphere less energetic.The inverted magnetic diffusion is concentrated under Indonesia and Indian Ocean.Fundamentally, my thesis demonstrate the importance of taking into account the modelling errors in the geomagnetic data assimilation, which leads to strong biases and an underestimation of the textit{a posteriori} errors when those errors are neglected.Finally, the work presented in this manuscript is preliminary, and it paves the way toward an increased use of the satellite data, with in particular, the free release of my code in order to compared the results with the ones obtained by the community
Zouaoui, Marouene. « Etude numérique et caractérisations expérimentales d’un matériau architecturé issu de la fabrication additive ». Thesis, Troyes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TROY0035.
Texte intégralA trajectory structuring method in additive manufacturing makes it possible to develop architectured materials capable of responding to predefined functionalities. In this thesis, we are interested in the modeling of an architectured material obtained by fused filament fabrication. Previous experimental studies in the field of fracture report a gain in structural rigidity and an increase in fracture toughness thanks to this structuring method. Tensile tests were carried out with different filaments orientations in order to study the effect on the behavior of the structure. They show that the elastic behavior of the architectured material is quasi-isotropic. However, anisotropy is observed at its elastic limit and tensile strength. Following this first stage of investigation, we propose a first Finite Element model based on local references assignment in mesh elements. During this research, the mechanical behavior was modeled using a transverse isotropic law in the elastic domain and a Hill criterion to describe its anisotropic yielding. This model is proven able of simulating the tensile behavior without calculating the porosity nevertheless it is insufficient to predict the rigidity enhancement. An analysis of the deposition trajectories correlates the effect of the trajectories crossings on the structural rigidity at a mesoscopic scale. A last digital model was thus configured to incorporate the effect of the structured trajectories on the mechanical behavior
Rapani, Michela <1980>. « I consumi alimentari nelle fasce deboli della popolazione ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2492/1/Rapani-Michela-I_consumi_alimentari_nelle_fasce_deboli_della_popolazione.pdf.
Texte intégralSalih, Alj Yassine. « Conception d'un système d'acquisition GPS rapide / ». Montréal : École de technologie supérieure, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/etsmtl/fullcit?pMQ86823.
Texte intégral"Mémoire présenté à l'École de technologie supérieure comme exigence partielle à l'obtention de la maîtrise en génie électrique". Bibliogr.: f. [103]-106. Également disponible en version électronique.
Salih, Alj Yassine. « Conception d'un système d'acquisition GPS rapide ». Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2003. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/764/1/SALIH_ALJ_Yassine.pdf.
Texte intégralHAMPIKIAN, PASCAL DENIS. « Diode rapide de puissance haute tension ». Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112194.
Texte intégralHamdi, Oussama. « Architecture d’échantillonnage rapide pour l’imagerie RADAR ». Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0120.
Texte intégralTypically, the waveforms transmitted by UWB radar cover a spectrum higher than a decade, in the 100MHz-10GHz frequency range. UWB Radar imaging has grown significantly in recent past years and is used for a large number of applications as defence, civil security and biomedical. One of their advantages lies in the fact that microwaves are able to penetrate through non-conductive materials with centimeter resolution. In UWB pulse radar, the bandwidth can reach several GHz, so that an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) needs a high sampling rate and with a high resolution (>12 bits) to guarantee enough dynamic range. However, it is now possible to directly measure time-domain radar signal by associating an ADC with a Track and Hold Amplifier T&HA with wide RF bandwidth and with a maximum sampling frequency of several GSa/s. This work involves the development of a UWB SAR Radar demonstrator based on the use of a coherent sub-sampling technique for measuring UWB Radar signals. This UWB Radar demonstrator is built around a fast ADC (500 MS/s), an FPGA, and an ultra-wideband T&HA (5 GHz). It allows target detection by processing based on the use of a Radar image reconstruction algorithm
KANJI, NANJI ANIS. « Modelisation du beton en dynamique rapide ». Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT2112.
Texte intégralMou, Zhi-Jian. « Filtrage RIF rapide : algorithmes et architectures ». Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112406.
Texte intégralDufaud, Olivier. « Prototypage rapide de composites céramiques fonctionnels ». Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPL048N.
Texte intégralSylvestre, Pierre-Luc. « Prototypage rapide des systèmes MIMO-CDMA ». Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2009. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1886/1/030096577.pdf.
Texte intégralLarrieu, Robin. « Arithmétique rapide pour des corps finis ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX073/document.
Texte intégralThe multiplication of polynomials is a fundamental operation in complexity theory. Indeed, for many arithmetic problems, the complexity of algorithms is expressed in terms of the complexity of polynomial multiplication. For example, the complexity of euclidean division or of multi-point evaluation/interpolation (and others) is often expressed in terms of the complexity of polynomial multiplication. This shows that a better multiplication algorithm allows to perform the corresponding operations faster. A 2016 result gave an improved asymptotic complexity for the multiplication of polynomials over finite fields. This article is the starting point of the thesis; the present work aims to study the implications of the new complexity bound, from a theoretical and practical point of view.The first part focuses on the multiplication of univariate polynomials. This part presents two new algorithms that should make the computation faster in practice (rather than asymptotically speaking). While it is difficult in general to observe the predicted speed-up, some specific cases are particularly favorable. Actually, the second proposed algorithm, which is specific to finite fields, leads to a better implementation for the multiplication in F 2 [X], about twice as fast as state-of-the-art software.The second part deals with the arithmetic of multivariate polynomials modulo an ideal, as considered typically for polynomial system solving. This work assumes a simplified situation, with only two variables and under certain regularity assumptions. In this particular case, there are algorithms whose complexity is asymptotically optimal (up to logarithmic factors), with respect to input/output size. The implementation for this specific case is then significantly faster than general-purpose software, the speed-up becoming larger and larger when the input size increases
Brunel, Jean. « Nicolas Rapin (1539-1608) : un Poitevin poète, humaniste et soldat à l'époque des guerres de religion : la carrière, les milieux, l'oeuvre / ». Paris : H. Champion, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38823285r.
Texte intégralBouffault, François. « Conception et réalisation de chaînes d'acquisition vidéo-rapides incluant une compression d'images temps réel, conception d'un capteur ASIC dédié à la vidéo-rapide, application à la biologie ». Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE4972.
Texte intégralLuu, Trong Hoang. « Méthodes d'approximations pour l'optimisation en dynamique rapide ». Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066434.
Texte intégralDeng, Sihao. « Programmation robotique hors-ligne et contrôle en temps réel des trajectoires : développement d’une extension logicielle de "Robotstudio" pour la projection thermique ». Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA2035.
Texte intégralThe aim of this study was to improve robot trajectories control during the thermal spraying process on complex geometric objects. Many researches have been done to support this project. A commercial software (RobotStudio™) has been installed and the robot off-line programming has been tested and achieved. A toolkit dedicated to thermal spray called “Thermal Toolkit Spray” was developed on the platform “RobotStudio™”. This toolkit consists of three modules (“PathKit”, “MonitorKit”, “ProfileKit”) which respectively provide the generation of the robot trajectory, the real-time monitoring of the robot and the analysis of the profile of the deposit. Initially, the principles of the add-in program for RobotStudio™ were studied and the structure of the software was established. Then, the methods and communication protocols were analyzed and tested for the connection with the robot. Several experiments were carried out to test the software functions and its stability. The results show that this development can perfectly be used to create, optimize and monitor the robot program in the whole process of thermal spraying
Delebecque, Benoît. « Intégration de fonctions avancées à l’inter-strate de pièces réalisées par le procédé de Stratoconception : méthodologie et développement des outils associés ». Thesis, Nancy 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN10102/document.
Texte intégralOur research works are related to rapid prototyping, and specially to the Stratoconception process. The process consists in automatically decomposing the object into a series of elementary layers, called strata. Each of these strata is directly manufactured using high-speed 2.5 axis micro-milling of slabs of material. All of these elements are then assembled in order to reconstruct the final part. If machining is automated, assembling is a manual task. An assessment of the current used methods for layers assembly show the disadvantages and the limitations of these techniques. Our contribution relates to a new assembly method: jointing. It allows the integration of assembly features into layers, it improves fixing and reduces the manufacturing time and costs. We developed a process planning system in the process to generate this features. The software tools are abled to automate this operation, by generating assembly features, their form, their dimensioning and especially their location into layers. We present various approaches of localization of these features through placement algorithms based on grids, forces of repulsion or genetic algorithm. The development of an original localization skeleton-based algorithm made it possible to optimize the placement of the features taking into account layers geometry. One second approach is proposed: complete jointing. The joint is generated from inter-layers contours induced the build-in shape problem, i.e. male and female complementary shapes machining by the tool. Lastly, we conclude the manuscript by highlighting the first industrial results through the tools integrated into the process software and the parts manufactured by this new method
Fernandez, Ricardo E. « A Case Study of a Six-Time Convicted Serial Rapist : The Search for Explanation ». ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2320.
Texte intégralDi, Patrizio Nicolas. « Précipitation continue de produits minéraux : étude de l'influence des conditions de mélange à la précipitation sur les caractéristiques d'oxydes mixtes de cérium et de zirconium ». Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0001/document.
Texte intégralAn automated experimental set-up with rapid mixers is used to study the influence of mixing conditions on the co-precipitation of cerium-zirconium mixed oxides. The intensity of mixing is controlled by the inlet flowrates of the reacting solutions. An engulfment model is used to estimate a mixing time from the measurement of a segregation index by the Villermaux-Dushman reaction system. Three geometries of Hartridge Roughton mixers are compared. Mixing performance is better when a separate mixing chamber upstream of a narrower outlet pipe is present. A better mixing decreases the maximal reducibility temperature of the material and increases the crystal strains of the particles calcined at 1100 °C. This is probably due to a better homogenization of the particles content. The important incorporation of nitrates in the particle at the outlet of the mixers shows precipitation occurs while the mixing process is not finished. This experimental result was confirmed by numerical simulation and an estimation of sursaturations during the mixing process
Hulliger, Pascal Hulliger P. « Commande adaptive pour systèmes à dynamique rapide / ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1987. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=687.
Texte intégralKesserwan, Hasan. « Dynamique d'aimantation ultra-rapide de nanostructures magnétiques ». Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00637078.
Texte intégralKlughertz, Guillaume. « Dynamique d'aimantation ultra-rapide de nanoparticules magnétiques ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAE004/document.
Texte intégralThe goal of this thesis is to explore analytically and numerically the magnetization dynamics in magnetic nanoparticles. Firstly, we study the Néel dynamics of fixed. We show that one can efficiently control the magnetization reversal of a nanoparticle by using a chirped excitation (autoresonance). This study reveals that the Gilbert damping and the temperature alter the efficiency of the reversal, while dipolar interactions can improve it. The stationary properties of a monolayer of nanoparticles are then examined by computing ZFC curves with a Monte Carlo method. We observe that structural disorder has no effect on the blocking temperature. Finally, we investigate the behavior of an ensemble of interacting nanoparticles moving in a fluid with a molecular dynamics approach. Our numerical simulations reproduce the usual chain and ring-like equilibrium configurations. We then study the dynamics of these structures and show the existence of super-spin waves