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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Rapid decompression »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Rapid decompression"

Hanson, B. « GEOLOGY : Rapid Decompression ». Science 303, n^o 5657 (23 janvier 2004) : 435b—435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.303.5657.435b.

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Christopher, Gabriel, et Suchard Jeffrey. « Hematuria Following Rapid Bladder Decompression ». Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine 1, n^o 4 (16 novembre 2017) : 443–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/cpcem.2017.9.35803.

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Alidibirov, Mikhail, et Donald B. Dingwell. « Magma fragmentation by rapid decompression ». Nature 380, n^o 6570 (mars 1996) : 146–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/380146a0.

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Pflugrath, Brett D., Craig A. Boys et Bruce Cathers. « Predicting hydraulic structure-induced barotrauma in Australian fish species ». Marine and Freshwater Research 69, n^o 12 (2018) : 1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18137.

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When fish pass downstream through river infrastructure, such as dams and weirs, barotrauma may occur as a result of rapid decompression. In severe cases, barotrauma may lead to mortality. Different species are likely to respond differently to these decompressions. Therefore, to predict barotrauma for a specific species, surrogate species may not be a valid approach, and it may be necessary to examine each species individually. For the present study, Australian bass and carp gudgeon were exposed to a range of rapid decompressions using hyper- and hypobaric hydro-chambers and examined for injuries and mortality. Rapid decompression data from these two fish species, in addition to previously examined Murray cod and silver perch, were evaluated to determine which injuries were highly associated with and likely to predict mortality. Dose–response logistic regression models were developed for each species to predict injury and mortality over a range of rapid decompressions. These models are valuable for estimating injury and mortality rates for fish passing though river infrastructure and can be applied to specific sites where pressure profiles have been developed. Applying these models to current and future infrastructure can provide important insight into what measures or design alterations may be necessary to reduce negative effects of infrastructure on fish populations.

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Pratt, J. D. « Rapid decompression of pressurized aircraft fuselages ». Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention 6, n^o 6 (décembre 2006) : 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1361/154770206x156268.

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Hudson, Steven J., et Jeffrey S. Todd. « Rapid Decompression in the EA-6B ». Military Medicine 163, n^o 8 (1 août 1998) : 572–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/163.8.572.

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Lu, Jianfeng, Lin Li et Lunjun Chen. « STUDY ON THE DECOMPRESSION TIME OF THE HYPOBARIC RAPID DECOMPRESSION CHAMBER ». International Journal of Heat and Technology 33, n^o 2 (30 juin 2015) : 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.330212.

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HE DUAN-WEI, ZHANG FU-XIANG, LIU RI-PING, ZHANG MING, XU YING-FAN et WANG WEN-KUI. « A NEW METHOD FOR RAPID SOLIDIFICATION QUENCHING BY RAPID DECOMPRESSION ». Acta Physica Sinica 47, n^o 2 (1998) : 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.47.183.

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He, D. W., F. X. Zhang, M. Zhang, R. P. Liu, Z. C. Qin, Y. F. Xu et W. K. Wang. « Quenching with rapid decompression—a new method for rapid solidification ». Applied Physics Letters 71, n^o 26 (29 décembre 1997) : 3811–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120542.

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Tian, Zifeng, Jianfeng Lu, Zhao Gu, Lihua Yu, Hao Zhou et Lijun Yang. « Theoretical and Experimental Study on Rapid Decompression Oscillation in Altitude Chamber ». International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2022 (18 novembre 2022) : 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9258503.

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Given the frequent airflow excitation phenomenon caused by the rapid decompression of the altitude chamber, the mathematical model of the nonlinear system of the rapid decompression of the altitude chamber is established. The polynomial parameter method is used to evaluate the characteristics of airflow oscillation, and a rapid decompression test system is built. The test results verify the pressure oscillation phenomenon of the numerical simulation. This paper proves the phenomenon of fluid-induced vibration in the process of rapid decompression and determines that the main factors affecting the induced oscillation are the diameter of the pipe (throat), pressure difference between the two chambers, and initial pressure conditions. Specifically, this study establishes safety and reliability for preventing engineering accidents caused by resonance in the altitude chamber.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Rapid decompression"

Polo, Marco Angel Gabriel. « Montagem e avaliação de uma bancada para ensaios de descompressão rápida de gás (RGD) para qualificação de o’rings elastoméricos ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/170959.

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A falha por descompressão rápida de gás (Rapid Gas Decompression, RGD) de o’rings elastoméricos assume a forma de trincas, bolhas e cisões, apresentandose após a queda da pressão à qual o selo está exposto. A resistência à RGD tem um papel fundamental nas especificações dos materiais elastoméricos para a indústria do petróleo e gás. No presente trabalho foi desenvolvida uma bancada para ensaios de qualificação de o’rings elastoméricos para testes de resistência por RGD seguindo a norma ISO 23936-2. Para avaliar o desempenho da bancada, quatro ensaios foram realizados utilizando o’rings comerciais com e sem certificado para RGD. A análise das curvas de ensaio evidencia que os parâmetros de ensaio foram atingidos satisfatoriamente. Além disso, taxas lineares de descompressão foram atingidas utilizando um método manual, não obstante uma relevante proposta de melhora é apresentada.
Rapid gas decompression (RGD) damage of elastomeric o’ring seals is the structural failure in the form of blistering, internal cracking and splitting caused upon the release of the pressure the seals are exposed to. RGD resistance plays a key role in the specifications of these components for the oil & gas industry. During this work a test bench was developed for qualification of o’rings RGD resistance according to wellknown international standard ISO 23936-2. In order to evaluate the test bench’s performance, four tests were carried out using o’rings with and without RGD qualification certificates. Analysis of test curves show that test parameters were attained satisfactorily. Furthermore, adequate linear decompression processes were achieved using a manual method, nonetheless a relevant improvement is proposed.

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Mbwadzawo, Teddy. « Investigating and improving fracture resistance of elastomer O-rings and spring seals exposed to rapid gas decompression ». Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13476/.

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« Rapid Decompression of Dense Particle Beds ». Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53724.

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abstract: Rapid expansion of dense beds of fine, spherical particles subjected to rapid depressurization is studied in a vertical shock tube. As the particle bed is unloaded, a high-speed video camera captures the dramatic evolution of the particle bed structure. Pressure transducers are used to measure the dynamic pressure changes during the particle bed expansion process. Image processing, signal processing, and Particle Image Velocimetry techniques, are used to examine the relationships between particle size, initial bed height, bed expansion rate, and gas velocities. The gas-particle interface and the particle bed as a whole expand and evolve in stages. First, the bed swells nearly homogeneously for a very brief period of time (< 2ms). Shortly afterward, the interface begins to develop instabilities as it continues to rise, with particles nearest the wall rising more quickly. Meanwhile, the bed fractures into layers and then breaks down further into cellular-like structures. The rate at which the structural evolution occurs is shown to be dependent on particle size. Additionally, the rate of the overall bed expansion is shown to be dependent on particle size and initial bed height. Taller particle beds and beds composed of smaller-diameter particles are found to be associated with faster bed-expansion rates, as measured by the velocity of the gas-particle interface. However, the expansion wave travels more slowly through these same beds. It was also found that higher gas velocities above the the gas-particle interface measured \textit{via} Particle Image Velocimetry or PIV, were associated with particle beds composed of larger-diameter particles. The gas dilation between the shocktube diaphragm and the particle bed interface is more dramatic when the distance between the gas-particle interface and the diaphragm is decreased-as is the case for taller beds. To further elucidate the complexities of this multiphase compressible flow, simple OpenFOAM (Weller, 1998) simulations of the shocktube experiment were performed and compared to bed expansion rates, pressure fluctuations, and gas velocities. In all cases, the trends and relationships between bed height, particle diameter, with expansion rates, pressure fluctuations and gas velocities matched well between experiments and simulations. In most cases, the experimentally-measured bed rise rates and the simulated bed rise rates matched reasonably well in early times. The trends and overall values of the pressure fluctuations and gas velocities matched well between the experiments and simulations; shedding light on the effects each parameter has on the overall flow.
Dissertation/Thesis
Rapid expansion of bed composed of [212, 297]micron particles.
Rapid expansion of bed composed of [44, 90]micron particles.
Rapid expansion of bed composed of [150, 212]micron particles.
Doctoral Dissertation Engineering 2019

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Livres sur le sujet "Rapid decompression"

Chong, Ji Y., et Michael P. Lerario. Malignant Edema. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190495541.003.0006.

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Large middle cerebral artery (MCA) and cerebellar strokes can cause rapid neurological deterioration and death from edema, mass effect, and herniation. Hemicraniectomy in select patients with malignant MCA syndromes is life-saving, but patients are often left with significant disability. Younger patients may derive the most benefit from hemicraniectomy. Cerebellar strokes can also cause obstructive hydrocephalus, which may exacerbate herniation and brainstem compromise. Surgical decompression through suboccipital craniectomy relieves posterior fossa pressure and reduces mortality in these patients.

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Johnson, Steven B. Pathophysiology and management of abdominal injury. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0334.

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Abdominal injuries are common following blunt and penetrating trauma. They can result in a spectrum of severity from benign to potentially life-threatening conditions. Soon after injury, haemorrhage is the predominant concern, and leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Active haemorrhage resulting in shock requires emergent operative intervention and aggressive haemostatic resuscitation. However haemodynamically-stable patients benefit from non-operative management of solid organ injuries with or without angiographic embolization. Sepsis usually occurs as a result of intra-abdominal infections from missed bowel perforations or anastomotic leaks. Sterile systemic hyperinflammatory conditions can result from major hepatic necrosis or pancreatic injuries, and closely mimic infectious conditions. Damage control surgery is a valuable adjunct to the operative management of major abdominal trauma. This concept recognizes that the time and procedures required to perform definitive operative repair may be detrimental when physiological derangements are excessive. By limiting operations to controlling haemorrhage and enteric contamination, further deterioration, and the ‘vicious bloody cycle of trauma’ can be avoided. The operative and critical care management of patients with abdominal trauma should be closely integrated to correct physiological derangements with rapid stabilization and reversal of hypoperfusion. Abdominal compartment syndrome, characterized by intra-abdominal hypertension and resultant remote organ dysfunction, is a risk in patients undergoing high-volume fluid resuscitation. Emergent decompressive laparotomy is indicated in patients with abdominal compartment syndrome and results in rapid reversal of physiological compromise. Paramount to optimal management of abdominal injuries is the close integration of operative and critical care approaches.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Rapid decompression"

Nurul Husna, Othman, Che Ismail Mokhtar et Mustapha Mazli. « Rapid CO2 Gas Decompression Performance of Epoxy Coatings Containing Graphene Oxide-Zinc Oxide Hybrids ». Dans Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 883–97. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1939-8_66.

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Green, Nicholas, Steven Gaydos, Hutchison Ewan et Edward Nicol. « Loss of cabin pressure and rapid decompression ». Dans Handbook of Aviation and Space Medicine, 77–82. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429021657-12.

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Fan, Xuefei, Xu Chu, Wentao Cao et Yi Zou. « Local rapid exhumation during the long-lived Grenville orogeny ». Dans Laurentia : Turning Points in the Evolution of a Continent. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2022.1220(18).

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ABSTRACT The Grenville Province is the largest and most structurally complex orogenic belt that formed in the Mesoproterozoic, representing the amalgamation of the supercontinent Rodinia. The Mattawa domain, part of the Algonquin domain in Ontario, Canada, hosts some of the most deeply buried metamorphic rocks of this orogen. This high-grade metamorphic terrane consists of large areas of felsic orthogneiss and kilometer-sized mafic boudins. Dark-colored metabasite cropping out near Mattawa, Ontario, Canada, contains relict mineral assemblages and decompression textures indicative of high-pressure eclogite. Garnet porphyroblasts surrounded by plagioclase coronae are hosted in fine-grained symplectic intergrowths of diopside + plagioclase ± amphibole, which compositionally reintegrated into an omphacite composition (Na/[Na + Ca] ~0.5). Phase equilibria analysis revealed an eclogite-facies peak pressure of ~2 GPa at 850 °C. This temperature is consistent with the zirconium contents of rutile inclusions in garnet (up to 1725 ppm Zr). Despite high-temperature metamorphism, garnet growth zonation is partially preserved. Diffusion modeling of representative garnet profiles yielded a time scale of <0.1 m.y. for decompression from the peak pressure to ~1.2 GPa, suggesting an average exhumation rate of several decimeters per year. Decompression was followed by fast cooling within hundreds of thousands of years. Such fast decompression and cooling rates contrast with the protracted metamorphic evolution recorded in most of the Grenville orogen and likely resulted from local extrusion of lower-crustal material in response to localized extension during the early Ottawan stage. Since very few examples of Precambrian short-duration regional metamorphism have been documented, the fast decompression documented in this study provides valuable constraints for the geodynamic transition to a modern plate-tectonic regime.

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Hwang, Thomas N., et Timothy J. McCulley. « Optic Nerve Sheath Decompression ». Dans Surgery of the Eyelid, Lacrimal System, and Orbit. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195340211.003.0027.

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Optic nerve sheath decompression (ONSD) or fenestration refers to a surgical technique that creates a window through the dural and arachnoid meningeal layers of the retrobulbar optic nerve sheath to release pressure on the optic nerve. ONSD for treatment of visual loss secondary to refractory papilledema was first described by DeWecker in 1872. Later that century, Carter and Müller published the second case series of optic nerve sheath fenestrations. However, despite these and several additional reports, the clinical benefit of performing this procedure was still questioned. In addition, alternative cerebrospinal shunting procedures were developed for patients with increased intracranial pressure. Renewed interest arose in 1964 when Hayreh demonstrated the effectiveness of ONSD in relieving experimental papilledema in rhesus monkeys. Various supporting clinical publications have since followed, starting with Smith, Hoyt, and Newton’s description in 1969 of relief of chronic papilledema by ONSD. Surgical intervention is considered for patients with progressive visual loss secondary to elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in whom conservative management, such as medications (acetazolamide and furosemide) and weight control, has failed. Occasionally surgery is used primarily in patients whose visual function has already reached a critical level. Examples include patients in whom vision has declined to a disabling level in hopes that rapid papilledema resolution will result in some visual return. Surgery is also considered primarily in those with little remaining vision, in whom any further visual loss would carry substantial functional impact should conservative management fail. Once surgical intervention is deemed necessary, ONSD is one of several options. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting in the form of ventricular–peritoneal (VP) or lumbar–peritoneal (LP) shunting can be considered. A deciding factor for some is the presence of headache, which is more effectively managed with VP or LP shunting. Comparative trials of ONSD and other CSF shunting procedures are lacking. Consequently, some medical centers opt for ONSD as the first-line surgical option, while others recommend alternative shunting procedures. At present, the only uniformly accepted therapeutic indication for ONSD is management of visual loss related to elevated ICP. The most common setting for ONSD is idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

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Perrone, Christian. « SDO-SuRS Deployable Assets Program ». Dans Progress in Marine Science and Technology. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/pmst220077.

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ITA Navy has started a new program for the acquisition of a Naval Vessel called SDO-SuRS (Special and Diving Operation – Submarine Rescue Ship). In order to fulfill operational requirements, IT Navy has recently procured the so-called “SDO-SuRS Deployable Assets”. A temporary business grouping (RTI) between SAIPEM Spa (leader in robotics and offshore) and DRASS Srl (national excellence in the hyperbaric sector and rescue) is the enterprise selected for the scope. This grouping represents a national excellence and a technological reference point for IT Navy in the Submarine Escape and Rescue. The new SDO-SuRS Deployable assets will have specific peculiarities such as: modularity, deployability, interoperability and complementarity. Modular assets will be either installable on board the national mother ship SDO-SuRS or rapidly deployable in scalable configurations (from rapid intervention to deep rescue) on a vessel of opportunity, military or commercial, for far-from-home operations. In order to establish a framework on damaged submarines rescue’s topic between Countries within ISMERLO (International Submarine Escape and Rescue Liaison Office) and NATO organizations, Italy offers the opportunity of providing any type of technical-administrative support in design, procurement, Life Management System or training of SAIPEM – DRASS systems, useful to a potential cooperation in the Submarine Escape and Rescue. On the whole the above mentioned Submarine Rescue packages consist of a several assets as follow: ∙ Submarine Rescue Vehicle (SRV) tethered type composed by a Rescue Chamber and a WROV (Working Class Remote Operated Vehicle) which will be managed both aboard the SDO-SuRS ship (Mother Ship) and aboard the Vessel of Opportunity. The system has to be designed/realized to perform the search and rescue of DISSUB as well as the transfer of crew inside the Diving Decompression Chamber. ∙ Portable Launch and Recovery System (PLARS) to permit the Launch/Recovery of SRV/SRC and WROV; ∙ Diving Decompression Chambers (DDC) with TUP (Transit Under Pressure) to face a specific sanitary treatment which could involve the submarine’s crew; ∙ Ventilation System (VS) by means of which will be possible the change of dirty air inside of the distressed submarine as well as the air insufflation to main ballast tanks; ∙ Submarine Rescue Chamber (SRC); ∙ Working Class Remote Operated Vehicle (WROV) able to perform underwater work and completely redundant with the WROV associated to SRV.

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Swanson-Hysell, Nicholas L., Toby Rivers et Suzan van der Lee. « The late Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic Grenvillian orogeny and the assembly of Rodinia : Turning point in the tectonic evolution of Laurentia ». Dans Laurentia : Turning Points in the Evolution of a Continent. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2022.1220(14).

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ABSTRACT The amalgamation of Laurentia’s Archean provinces ca. 1830 Ma was followed by ~700 m.y. of accretionary orogenesis along its active southeastern margin, marked by subduction of oceanic lithosphere, formation of arcs and back-arcs, and episodic accretion. This prolonged period of active-margin tectonic processes, spanning the late Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic eras, resulted in major accretionary crustal growth and was terminated by closure of the Unimos Ocean (new name). Ocean closure was associated with rapid motion of Laurentia toward the equator and resulted in continental collision that led to profound reworking of much of the accreted Proterozoic crust during the ca. 1090–980 Ma Grenvillian orogeny. The Grenvillian orogeny resulted in formation of a large, hot, long-duration orogen with a substantial orogenic plateau that underwent extensional orogenic collapse before rejuvenation and formation of the Grenville Front tectonic zone. The Grenvillian orogeny also caused the termination and inversion of the Midcontinent Rift, which, had it continued, would likely have split Laurentia into distinct continental blocks. Voluminous mafic magmatic activity in the Midcontinent Rift ca. 1108–1090 Ma was contemporaneous with magmatism in the Southwestern Laurentia large igneous province. We discuss a potential link between prolonged subduction of oceanic lithosphere beneath southeast Laurentia in the Mesoproterozoic and the initiation of this voluminous mafic magmatism. In this hypothesis, subducted water in dense, hydrous Mg-silicates transported to the bottom of the upper mantle led to hydration and increased buoyancy, resulting in upwelling, decompression melting, and intraplate magmatism. Coeval collisional orogenesis in several continents, including Amazonia and Kalahari, ties the Grenvillian orogeny to the amalgamation of multiple Proterozoic continents in the supercontinent Rodinia. These orogenic events collectively constituted a major turning point in both Laurentian and global tectonics. The ensuing paleogeographic configuration, and that which followed during Rodinia’s extended breakup, set the stage for Earth system evolution through the Neoproterozoic Era.

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Rivers, Toby, et Richard A. Volkert. « Slow cooling in the metamorphic cores of Grenvillian large metamorphic core complexes and the thermal signature of the Ottawan orogenic lid ». Dans Laurentia : Turning Points in the Evolution of a Continent. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2022.1220(16).

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ABSTRACT Prolonged slow cooling (average 1–3 °C/m.y.) of Ottawan phase granulite-facies gneisses (peak temperature ≥850 °C ca. 1090–1080 Ma) through the argon closure temperatures (TC) of hornblende ca. 980–920 Ma and biotite ca. 890–820 Ma in the western Grenville Province and in an inlier in the central Appalachians is well established, but its tectonic setting has not been systematically investigated. Here, the case is made that this slow cooling occurred in the suprasolidus cores of large metamorphic core complexes that were exhumed during mid-Ottawan (ca. 1050 Ma) extensional orogenic collapse. The ductile midcrustal metamorphic cores of the large metamorphic core complexes are overlain across gently dipping extensional detachments by a brittle-ductile cover composed of upper orogenic crust, parts of which preserve evidence of relict pre-Ottawan fabrics and peak prograde Ottawan temperatures of <500 °C (TC of Ar in hornblende), collectively implying thermal, structural, and rheological decoupling across the detachments. Slow average rates of cooling of the orogenic midcrust for >150 m.y. imply an anomalously hot upper mantle and mask short periods of more rapid cooling indicated by analyses of retrograde diffusional mineral zoning patterns. It is suggested that these slow average rates of cooling, coupled with slow average rates of exhumation of ≤0.1 km/m.y. modeled for one data set, were a result of decompression melting of rising asthenosphere and emplacement of voluminous mafic intrusions within or at the base of the crust, which reduced the buoyancy of the residual thinned lithosphere. This process is compatible with either delamination of subcontinental lithospheric mantle or slab rollback. The high-strain extensional detachments of the large metamorphic core complexes are sites of amphibolite-facies retrogression, suggesting a feedback between ingress of hydrous fluid, which was likely derived from beneath the detachment during crystallization of migmatite, and strain. Extensional juxtaposition of the hot midcrust (T >850 °C) and cooler cover (T <500 °C) across the detachments led to conductive heating of the base of the cover, locally raising its temperature above 500 °C, as recorded by amphibolite-facies metamorphism and young cooling ages. The slow cooling and exhumation of Grenvillian large metamorphic core complexes contrast with much faster rates in smaller metamorphic core complexes in other settings (e.g., North American Cordillera). The slow rates of these processes in large metamorphic core complexes are attributed to the prolonged high temperature and low viscosity of their metamorphic cores due to proximity of the asthenosphere, and to the intrusion of voluminous asthenospheric mafic magmas that both advected heat and reduced lithospheric buoyancy.

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« Red Snapper : Ecology and Fisheries in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico ». Dans Red Snapper : Ecology and Fisheries in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, sous la direction de JODIE L. RUMMER. American Fisheries Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569971.ch8.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—The red snapper <em>Lutjanus campechanus </em>fishery is arguably one of the most important in the Gulf of Mexico, but habitat destruction, climate change, and serial overfishing has resulted in significant population declines in red snapper and other high-profile fisheries species. The red snapper fishery may be one of the best examples where management strategies that promote catch and release (CAR) have failed. Populations have not recovered despite CAR management strategies, likely because CAR mortality is high; however, the basis for CAR mortality is unclear. Numerous studies associated with fishing-induced mortality were reviewed in an attempt to make generalizations as to how red snapper and other high-profile fisheries species respond to CAR. A framework for understanding CAR mortality in red snapper and other species was constructed based on four pillars: retrieval conditions, species and size relationships, handling, and release conditions. Each of these fishing factors was examined as to relative impact toward CAR. A predictive model was generated from all available data on CAR mortality. For a deep-water fish like red snapper, the underlying problem is directly related to capture depth, particularly injuries related to rapid swim bladder (SB) overinflation and catastrophic decompression syndrome (CDS). If not immediately lethal, depth-related injuries may have long term effects on growth and immune function that could go unnoticed and are unaccounted for in traditional field studies; all other fishing factors will only intensify this baseline impairment. Management plans are typically built under the assumption that CAR mortality is below 20%, but it is widely accepted that this is a gross underestimate. Modeling from this review suggests that, in red snapper, mortality may be as low as 20% but only if fish are caught between 0 and 20 m depths. This is not the case, and CAR mortality may reach 100% if fish are retrieved from deeper than 110 m. Current CAR management strategies are ineffective, and not enough information exists to impose maximum fishing depths. Given these limitations, a logical approach would be to restrict particular areas such that fish populations can be protected from all fishing and CAR activity, therefore protecting age, size, and sex classes and ratios. For fish species like red snapper, where overfishing is widespread and CAR mortality is high, or other species where CAR is unclear and a thorough investigation as to depth-related CAR mortality has not been performed, strategies based on space (i.e., marine protected areas and no-take reserves), rather than time or numbers (i.e., season closures, size limits, bag limits, etc.), have the greatest potential for overall conservation and sustainability and should be strongly considered.

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Ewerling Penna, Priciane Bárbara, Maria Cândida Moreno Penna, Douglas Domingues, Fernando Ferreira Penna Filho, Raffaello de Freitas Miranda, Eliana Migliorini Mustafa et Idiberto José Zotarelli Filho. « Clinical Case of the Occurrence of Stroke Followed by Death After Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 ». Dans Bulletin of Medical and Clinical Research, 1–9. 2^e éd. IOR PRESS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/br2111.

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Introduction: The current COVID-19 pandemic has involved developing vaccines to control the virulence of SARS-CoV-2. More than 4.1 million people have died from COVID-19.1 In response to this public health emergency, several vaccines against COVID-19 have been developed, with more than 3.7 billion doses administered worldwide. After the introduction of the adenovirus vector vaccine ChAdOx1, several cases of severe venous thrombosis with thrombocytopenia were reported worldwide. Objective: It was to present a case report of a 25-year-old female patient who presented extensive left intraparenchymal hematoma and rapid progression to brain death followed by death. Case report: A 25-year-old woman, CSS, was vaccinated against COVID-19 with the adenovirus ChAdOx1, 14 days after admission, evolved with a fever that started about 13 days ago, associated with holocranial, tight, moderate-intensity headache. On the day of admission, she was found by the torporous, unresponsive, and vomiting family, referred to the hospital emergency room. The patient was admitted to Glasgow 4 with evidence of anisocoria, with the left pupils larger than the right, rapidly progressing to mydriasis. Cranial computed tomography (CT) showed extensive left intraparenchymal hematoma, performing urgent decompressive craniectomy and placement of an intracranial pressure monitoring catheter. The cerebrospinal fluid exam did not show bacteria or fungi. CT angiography showed extensive thrombosis of the anterior portions of the superior sagittal sinus and probable thrombosis of the superficial drainage veins of the frontal regions. Skull CT revealed diffuse and bilateral ischemia. Laboratory tests showed mild thrombocytopenia and no change in the coagulogram. After one day, the patient evolved with worsening neurological status. Sedation was turned off to start the brain death protocol, which was confirmed twice. Finally, an electroencephalogram was performed with evidence of a straight-line tracing, without evidence of electrical brain activity. Final considerations: Several studies have been published regarding cerebral thrombosis, stroke, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic events. Thus, safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19 are an urgent need, as they can leave pathophysiological responses of hypercoagulability and thrombo inflammation associated with acute infection.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Rapid decompression"

Ritchie, Norman W., et Robert J. Rivera. « Rapid Gas Decompression Issues in Subsea Boosting Systems ». Dans Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/21283-ms.

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Frazier, Wayne. « DECOMP, a multi-compartment rapid decompression analysis code ». Dans 35th Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1994-1411.

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Zhang, C., S. Lin, H. Liu et Y. Li. « Rapid decompression analysis based on commercial aircraft layout ». Dans CSAA/IET International Conference on Aircraft Utility Systems (AUS 2020). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.0167.

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Zhang, Tong, Guiping Lin, Xueqin Bu, Chenlu Jia et Chenhui Du. « Simulation Research on Rapid Decompression of Aircraft Cabins ». Dans 2019 IEEE 10th International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (ICMAE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmae.2019.8880947.

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Zhang, C., S. Lin, Y. Zhu et Y. Yang. « Analysis and experimental verification of rapid decompression in civil airplane ». Dans CSAA/IET International Conference on Aircraft Utility Systems (AUS 2022). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2022.1587.

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Brown, S., S. Martynov et H. Mahgerefteh. « Modelling heat transfer in flashing CO2fluid upon rapid decompression in pipelines ». Dans MULTIPHASE FLOW 2015. Southampton, UK : WIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/mpf150041.

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Liu, Chao, et Danling Zeng. « An Investigation on Bubble Growth in Superheated Liquid During Rapid Decompression ». Dans ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0984.

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Abstract A mathematical model of bubble growth in superheated liquid during rapid decompression was built up on the basis of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. According to the principles of thermodynamics it is asserted that the bubble growth process can be described by a polytropic process rather than assuming that it goes along the saturation curve as usually suggested in existing article. The value of the polytropic exponent n is restrict to a ranges of 1 ≤ n ≤ nσ < k to guarantee the existence of a positive driving force to drive the phase transition process. Numerical simulation of the bubble growth process was performed for water by using the model proposed. The results obtained were compared with experimental data provided by other authors. Good agreement was achieved.

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Petersen, Brian J., Timothy G. Buzza et Hyo S. Shim. « Design and Development of a Sidewall Vent System for Airflow Distribution and Decompression Protection in Commercial Aircraft ». Dans ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0647.

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Abstract In existing commercial aircraft the air conditioning system delivers air to the cabin for temperature control and cabin pressurization. The conditioned air introduced into the passenger cabin flows down to the utility tunnels under the floor through the sidewall vents and to an outflow valve or valves located on the fuselage of the aircraft and eventually to the ambient pressure. The function of the vent system is to provide cabin air distribution flow control and also to provide decompression protection. In the event of a fuselage decompression the pressure differential between the upper and lower compartments must not exceed the structural limits of the cabin floor. The cabin vent system is designed to limit this pressure differential by increasing the flow area between the upper and lower compartments in the event of a rapid decompression. The differential pressure loads on the floors were analyzed using a rapid decompression computer code. Lab testing was performed to verify the differential pressure at which the mylar panel ruptures. This testing used a vacuum chamber test setup. The sidewall vent system was exposed to ambient air pressure on one side and quickly exposed to the vacuum system pressure on the other side. These test results were used in the rapid decompression analysis. There are multiple sidewall vents along the length of an aircraft cabin. Therefore aircraft testing was utilized to verify airflow distribution in the aircraft.

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Zhou, X. L., R. G. Moore et G. G. King. « Understanding the Physical Phenomena of Pipeline Decompression ». Dans 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-249.

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Pipeline decompression is an important aspect of risk assessment during the design and operation of high-pressure gas transmission pipelines. As numerical simulation technology improves, more sophisticated multiphase decompression flow models are emerging. A complete understanding of physical phenomena occurring during rapid pipeline decompression is essential in developing an accurate, advanced and fundamentally sound multiphase flow model. Pipeline decompression is a complex process that involves many thermodynamic and hydrodynamic non-equilibrium phenomena that govern the characteristics of fluid flow in the pipe. It is affected by parameters such as pipeline geometry, heat transfer, fluid characteristics, and various interactions between them. In this paper, we describe and discuss the pipeline decompression process, critical flow phenomena, fluid phase behavior, thermodynamic and hydrodynamic non-equilibria, characteristics of fluid mechanics, heat transfer and pipeline mechanics. Hopefully, this will enhance understandings of the predictive capabilities and limitations of various types of pipeline decompression models currently used for this process.

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Godbole, Ajit, Philip Venton, Cheng Lu et Philip Colvin. « The ‘Eckert Number Phenomenon’ in Pipeline Decompression ». Dans 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90344.

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The Eckert number emerges as an important non-dimensional parameter, in addition to the Reynolds number and the Prandtl number, in problems involving heat transfer in compressible flows. The Eckert number is considered to represent a ratio of the flow kinetic energy at the wall and the specific enthalpy difference between the wall and the fluid, and is important when viscous dissipation is significant. This paper investigates the role played by the Eckert number during rapid decompression of high pressure gas pipelines. During such processes, the gas temperature attains very low values corresponding to sonic flow at the vent location, and it is often assumed that the pipeline material is also cooled to a comparable degree (‘Low Temperature Excursions’). This has often led to over-specification of the properties required of the pipeline material. In this paper, it is shown using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations that the highly complex flow during rapid decompression of high-pressure gas pipelines leads to significant frictional dissipation (heating) adjacent to the pipe wall. This prevents the pipeline from attaining excessively low temperatures. It is shown that frictional heating may sometimes lead to a heat transfer reversal. This finding may help pipeline designers in making appropriate recommendations regarding the properties required of the pipeline materials. The paper also describes a preliminary experiment designed carried out to validate the CFD simulations. More detailed experiments are under way.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Rapid decompression"

McKinstry, Craig A., Thomas J. Carlson et Richard S. Brown. Derivation of Mortal Injury Metric for Studies of Rapid Decompression of Depth-Acclimated Physostomous Fish. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/919710.

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Brown, Richard S., Thomas J. Carlson, Abigail E. Welch, John R. Stephenson, Cary S. Abernethy, Craig A. McKinstry et Marie-Helene Theriault. Assessment of Barotrauma Resulting from Rapid Decompression of Depth Acclimated Juvenile Chinook Salmon Bearing Radio Telemetry Transmitters. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/914683.

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