Thèses sur le sujet « Questionnaires – methodology »
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1
Johnson, Joel D. « A Test for Question Order Effects in a Conjoint Choice Survey ». Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/JohnsonJD2007.pdf.
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Myers, Emily Anne. « Improving Non-nutritive Sweetener Study Design Methodology ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97991.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are frequently used as substitutes for added sugars. NNS are difficult to study due to the inability to accurately measure the amounts individuals consume, as well as limitations in study design and methods, including reliance on observational study designs, the use of diet soda as a proxy of total NNS intake, and the grouping of NNS into a single category rather than studying NNS as individual products. New dietary assessment methods and improved study design and methods are needed to advance researchers' abilities to study NNS and their impact on consumers' health. The objectives of this dissertation were to 1) determine validity and reproducibility of a novel NNS food frequency questionnaire (NNS-FFQ), 2) develop methodology for an objective NNS urinary biomarker, 3) identify an appropriate carrier for NNS intake in studies, and 4) examine the literature on the relationship between NNS and weight-related outcomes based on study design and methods.
Objectives 1 and 2: participants (n=125) completed three 24-hr dietary recalls, the NNS-FFQ, and 2 24-hr urine samples. NNS intake via NNS-FFQ and recalls were compared using Bland-Altman analyses, with agreement levels ranging from 92.7-99.2% for individual NNS types and total intake. The NNS biomarker methodology was developed using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC-MS/MS), which analyzes each sample for the presence of NNS and related metabolites. This method observed a range from very strong presence of NNS to not detectable, indicating that this biomarker could identify specific NNS consumption (n=9). Objective 3: a sensory evaluation (n=67) was conducted to identify if applesauce or water was a more appropriate carrier for NNS for future interventions. Applesauce was preferred (sucralose=83.6%; aspartame=79.1%; stevia=74.6%) significantly more than water (p≤0.001), indicating that applesauce could be used as an acceptable carrier of NNS in research studies. Objective 4: a systematic literature review focusing on study design and methods used in investigations on NNS and weight-related outcomes found that 81% of RCT had improved weight outcomes, while 76% of observational studies had higher weight outcomes. Improving NNS study design and methods will increase the quality of research conducted on NNS and related health outcomes.Ph. D.
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Sivarajan, Swaminathan. « Risk tolerance, return expectations and other factors impacting investment decisions ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 2019. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/risk-tolerance-return-expectations-and-other-factors-impacting-investment-decisions(90fd4076-2d8f-4dc6-8ff3-a1ecd8c0d188).html.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Do investment portfolios meet the needs and preferences of investors? Can the portfolio selection process be improved? Traditionally, investor preferences have been identified using risk tolerance questionnaires. These questionnaires have recently attracted a fair deal of criticism. However, there has been little focus as to whether the questionnaires are useful in predicting investors' risk-taking behaviour. In this thesis, an explanatory sequential mixed methods approach was employed to find answers to the primary research question: what factors determine risk-taking behaviour in investment decisions? This thesis looked at the risk-taking behaviour of investors in Canada (N=192) and the risk-taking advice provided by financial advisers in Canada (N=155), collectively risk-taking decisions. The results suggested that return expectations and demographic variables were important predictors of risk-taking decisions, whereas risk tolerance questionnaires were not. Further investigation suggested that investment literacy impacted risk-taking decisions while investment experience impacted both return expectations and risk-taking decisions. In a novel contribution by this thesis, additional perspective was provided by qualitative analysis using semi-structured interviews with investors and advisers. From the results of the qualitative analysis, the author suggests that discovery and self-discovery, a consistent approach and a focus on process versus outcome are key attributes valued by both investors and advisers. The thesis concluded with implications and recommendations for stakeholders, including a greater focus on return expectations, more training in discovery for advisers, simulating investment experience for prospective investors and including investment literacy in school curricula.
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Mohamed, Zaki Ali Mona. « Investigating data quality in question and answer reports ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-data-quality-in-question-and-answer-reports(169f4905-c73b-40e3-9203-f3cec05fa45f).html.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Data Quality (DQ) has been a long-standing concern for a number of stakeholders in a variety of domains. It has become a critically important factor for the effectiveness of organisations and individuals. Previous work on DQ methodologies have mainly focused on either the analysis of structured data or the business-process level rather than analysing the data itself. Question and Answer Reports (QAR) are gaining momentum as a way to collect responses that can be used by data analysts, for instance, in business, education or healthcare. Various stakeholders benefit from QAR such as data brokers and data providers, and in order to effectively analyse and identify the common DQ problems in these reports, the various stakeholders' perspectives should be taken into account which adds another complexity for the analysis. This thesis investigates DQ in QAR through an in-depth DQ analysis and provide solutions that can highlight potential sources and causes of problems that result in "low-quality" collected data. The thesis proposes a DQ methodology that is appropriate for the context of QAR. The methodology consists of three modules: question analysis, medium analysis and answer analysis. In addition, a Question Design Support (QuDeS) framework is introduced to operationalise the proposed methodology through the automatic identification of DQ problems. The framework includes three components: question domain-independent profiling, question domain-dependent profiling and answers profiling. The proposed framework has been instantiated to address one example of DQ issues, namely Multi-Focal Question (MFQ). We introduce MFQ as a question with multiple requirements; it asks for multiple answers. QuDeS-MFQ (the implemented instance of QuDeS framework) has implemented two components of QuDeS for MFQ identification, these are question domain-independent profiling and question domain-dependent profiling. The proposed methodology and the framework are designed, implemented and evaluated in the context of the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) case study. The experiments show that we can identify MFQs with 90% accuracy. This thesis also demonstrates the challenges including the lack of domain resources for domain knowledge representation, such as domain ontology, the complexity and variability of the structure of QAR, as well as the variability and ambiguity of terminology and language expressions and understanding stakeholders or users need.
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Renans, Agata, Malte Zimmermann et Markus Greif. « Questionnaire on focus semantics ». Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/3682/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This is the 15th issue of the working paper series Interdisciplinary Studies on Information Structure (ISIS) of the Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB) 632. This online version contains the Questionnaire on Focus Semantics contributed by Agata Renans, Malte Zimmermann and Markus Greif, members of Project D2 investigating information structural phenomena from a typological perspective. The present issue provides a tool for collecting and analyzing natural data with respect to relevant linguistic questions concerning focus types, focus sensitive particles, and the effects of quantificational adverbs and presupposition on focus semantics. This volume is a supplementation to the Reference manual of the Questionnaire on Information Structure, issued by Project D2 in ISIS 4 (2006).
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Bocklisch, Franziska. « Die Analyse und Bewertung vager linguistischer Terme mittels fuzzy Methodik ». Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-83410.
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In vielen Lebenssituationen müssen Menschen auf der Grundlage von vagen Informationen Zustände analysieren, bewerten, vorhersagen und entscheiden. Vagheit ist ein zentrales Charakteristikum der menschlichen Sprache, da viele Worte keine ganz klaren Abgrenzungen haben sondern fließend ineinander übergehen. Wie alt ist z.B. ein junger Mann? Und wo liegt die Altersgrenze, die junge von alten Männern trennt? Die meisten Menschen werden auf diese Frage übereinstimmend antworten, dass man die Altersgrenze nicht präzise festlegen kann und dass jung und alt Konzepte sind, die beispielsweise vom Standpunkt oder Kontext abhängig sind und graduell ineinander übergehen. Der graduelle Übergang verhindert eine klare Unterscheidung der unscharfen Aussagen (junge versus alte Männer) und stellt Menschen vor die Aufgabe, mit dieser Ungenauigkeit umzugehen.
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Vagheit sprachlicher Ausdrücke (linguistische Terme) und hat zum Ziel, eine konsistente fuzzy Methodik zur Erfassung der Begriffsbedeutungen zu entwickeln, sie empirisch zu überprüfen und die Ergebnisse auf praktische Fragestellungen (z.B. die Nutzung in verbalen Fragebogenskalen) anzuwenden. Hierbei werden die linguistischen Terme als unscharfe Mengen (fuzzy sets) konzeptualisiert und mathematisch mit fuzzy Zugehörigkeitsfunktionen beschrieben. Die Formalisierung der Terme ermöglicht eine Objektivierung und bildet die Grundlage für die Nutzung in computerbasierten Systemen (z.B. Decision Support Systemen).
Folgende zentrale Punkte sind Gegenstand der Arbeit:
(1) Die Vorstellung eines zweistufigen Verfahrens zur Übersetzung von linguistischen Termen in formalisierte Beschreibungen (fuzzy Zugehörigkeitsfunktionen) und dessen empirische Erprobung anhand von Wahrscheinlichkeits- und Häufigkeitsausdrücken: Die in der ersten Stufe des Verfahrens erfassten numerischen Schätzwerte für die Begriffe werden in der zweiten Stufe mit fuzzy Zugehörigkeitsfunktionen des Potentialtyps modelliert. In zwei Studien konnte gezeigt werden, dass diese Funktionen ein geeignetes Mittel zur Beschreibung der Terme sind und sich durch die Nutzung der fuzzy Methodik neue Möglichkeiten zu einer systematischen Erforschung linguistischer Terme ergeben.
(2) Der Transfer der durch die fuzzy Übersetzungsprozedur gewonnenen Grundlagenergebnisse in anwendungsorientierte psychologische Forschungsbereiche: Die vorgeschlagenen Methodik wird zur Auswahl und Evaluation von sprachlichen Begriffen für Fragebogenskalen mit verbalen Antwortkategorien genutzt. Anhand der verbalen Antwortskala eines Beispielfragebogens (COPSOQ) konnte in zwei Studien gezeigt werden, dass die Abstände zwischen den Antwortkategorien der originalen Skala nicht gleich sind. Die fehlende Äquidistanz führt dazu, dass die Voraussetzung für eine parametrisch-statistische Auswertung der Daten nicht gegeben ist und beispielsweise keine Mittelwerte berechnet werden dürften. Es zeigte sich ebenso, dass die erarbeitete fuzzy Methodik die Auswahl besser geeigneter äquidistanter Terme ermöglicht.
(3) Die Vorstellung und Nutzung der fuzzy Methodik für die Auswertung von unscharfen Daten, die aus den Antworten verbaler Fragebogenskalen stammen: Hierbei werden die fuzzy Auswertungsergebnisse mit den Ergebnissen der herkömmlichen statistischen Auswertungsprozedur verglichen. In einer Studie, in der ein Fragebogen zur Messung von chronischem Stress (TICS) exemplarisch untersucht wurde, konnte gezeigt werden, dass die fehlende Äquidistanz der Antwortkategorien zu einer Verzerrung der statistischen Ergebnisauswertung und damit auch zur Fehlinterpretation der Stressergebnisse führt. Die vorgestellte fuzzy Methodik hingegen beweist sich als inhaltlich konsistente Alternative.
Abschließend werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit die Ergebnisse der Studien zusammenfassend diskutiert, und es erfolgt ein Ausblick auf weitere Forschungs- und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der fuzzy Methodik.
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Renans, Agata, Malte Zimmermann et Markus Greif. « Questionnaire on focus semantics. - 2nd edition ». Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5035/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This is the 15th issue of the working paper series Interdisciplinary Studies on Information Structure (ISIS) of the Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB) 632. This online version contains the Questionnaire on Focus Semantics contributed by Agata Renans, Malte Zimmermann and Markus Greif, members of Project D2 investigating information structural phenomena from a typological perspective. The present issue provides a tool for collecting and analyzing natural data with respect to relevant linguistic questions concerning focus types, focus sensitive particles, and the effects of quantificational adverbs and presupposition on focus semantics. This volume is a supplementation to the Reference manual of the Questionnaire on Information Structure, issued by Project D2 in ISIS 4 (2006).
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Li, Vera. « A methodology to assess the competitiveness of real estate developers in China ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46649/1/Vera_Li_Thesis.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Real estate, or property development, is considered one of the pillar industries of the Chinese economy. As a result of the opening up of the economy as well as the "macro-control" policy of the Central Chinese Government to moderate the frenetic pace of growth of the economy, the real estate industry has faced fierce competition and ongoing change. Real estate firms in China must improve their competitiveness in order to maintain market share or even survive in this brutally competitive environment. This study developed a methodology to evaluate the competitiveness of real estate developers in the China and then used a case study to illustrate the effectiveness of the evaluation method. Four steps were taken to achieve this. The first step was to conduct a thorough literature review which included a review of the characteristics of real estate industry, theories about competitiveness and the competitive characteristics of real estate developers. Following this literature review, the competitive model was developed based on seven key competitive factors (the 'level 1') identified in the literature. They include: (1) financial competency; (2) market share; (3) management competency; (4) social responsibility; (5) organisational competency; (6) technological capabilities; and, (7) regional competitiveness. In the next step of research, the competitive evaluation criteria (the 'level 2') under each of competitive factors (the 'level 1') were evaluated. Additionally, there were identified a set of competitive attributes (the 'level 3') under each competitive criteria (the 'level 2'). These attributes were initially recognised during the literature review and then expanded upon through interviews with multidisciplinary experts and practitioners in various real estate-related industries. The final step in this research was to undertake a case study using the proposed evaluation method and attributes. Through the study of an actual real estate development company, the procedures and effectiveness of the evaluation method were illustrated and validated. Through the above steps, this research investigates and develops an analytical system for determining the corporate competitiveness of real estate developers in China. The analytical system is formulated to evaluate the "state of health" of the business from different competitive perspectives. The result of empirical study illustrates that a systematic and structured evaluation can effectively assist developers in identifying their strengths and highlighting potential problems. This is very important for the development of an overall corporate strategy and supporting key strategic decisions. This study also provides some insights, analysis and suggestions for improving the competitiveness of real estate developers in China from different perspectives, including: management competency, organisational competency, technological capabilities, financial competency, market share, social responsibility and regional competitiveness. In the case study, problems were found in each of these areas, and they appear to be common in the industry. To address these problems and improve the competitiveness and effectiveness of Chinese real estate developers, a variety of suggestions are proposed. The findings of this research provide an insight into the factors that influence competitiveness in the Chinese real estate industry while also assisting practitioners to formulate strategies to improve their competitiveness. References for studying the competitiveness of real estate developers in other countries are also provided.
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Quinn, Megan, Gabrielle Caldara, Kathleen Collins, Heather Owens, Ifeoma Ozodiegwu, Elaine Loudermilk et Jill D. Stinson. « Methods for Understanding Childhood Trauma : Modifying the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire for Cultural Competency ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6778.
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Seiss, Mark Thomas. « Improving Survey Methodology Through Matrix Sampling Design, Integrating Statistical Review Into Data Collection, and Synthetic Estimation Evaluation ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/47968.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The research presented in this dissertation touches on all aspects of survey methodology, from questionnaire design to final estimation. We first approach the questionnaire development stage by proposing a method of developing matrix sampling designs, a design where a subset of questions are administered to a respondent in such a way that the administered questions are predictive of the omitted questions. The proposed methodology compares favorably to previous methods when applied to data collected from a household survey conducted in the Nampula province of Mozambique. We approach the data collection stage by proposing a structured procedure of implementing small-scale surveys in such a way that non-sampling error attributed to data collection is minimized. This proposed methodology requires the inclusion of the statistician in the data editing process during data collection. We implemented the structured procedure during the collection of household survey data in the city of Maputo, the capital of Mozambique. We found indications that the data resulting from the structured procedure is of higher quality than the data with no editing. Finally, we approach the estimation phase of sample surveys by proposing a model-based approach to the estimation of the mean squared error associated with synthetic (indirect) estimates. Previous methodology aggregates estimates for stability, while our proposed methodology allows area-specific estimates. We applied the proposed mean squared error estimation methodology and methods found during literature review to simulated data and estimates from 2010 Census Coverage Measurement (CCM). We found that our proposed mean squared error estimation methodology compares favorably to the previous methods, while allowing for area-specific estimates.Ph. D.
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Early, Kirstin. « Dynamic Question Ordering : Obtaining Useful Information While Reducing User Burden ». Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1117.
Texte intégralRésumé :
As data become more pervasive and computing power increases, the opportunity for transformative use of data grows. Collecting data from individuals can be useful to the individuals (by providing them with personalized predictions) and the data collectors (by providing them with information about populations). However, collecting these data is costly: answering survey items, collecting sensed data, and computing values of interest deplete finite resources of time, battery, life, money, etc. Dynamically ordering the items to be collected, based on already known information (such as previously collected items or paradata), can lower the costs of data collection by tailoring the information-acquisition process to the individual. This thesis presents a framework for an iterative dynamic item ordering process that trades off item utility with item cost at data collection time. The exact metrics for utility and cost are application-dependent, and this frame- work can apply to many domains. The two main scenarios we consider are (1) data collection for personalized predictions and (2) data collection in surveys. We illustrate applications of this framework to multiple problems ranging from personalized prediction to questionnaire scoring to government survey collection. We compare data quality and acquisition costs of our method to fixed order approaches and show that our adaptive process obtains results of similar quality at lower cost. For the personalized prediction setting, the goal of data collection is to make a prediction based on information provided by a respondent. Since it is possible to give a reasonable prediction with only a subset of items, we are not concerned with collecting all items. Instead, we want to order the items so that the user provides information that most increases the prediction quality, while not being too costly to provide. One metric for quality is prediction certainty, which reflects how likely the true value is to coincide with the estimated value. Depending whether the prediction problem is continuous or discrete, we use prediction interval width or predicted class probability to measure the certainty of a prediction. We illustrate the results of our dynamic item ordering framework on tasks of predicting energy costs, student stress levels, and device identification in photographs and show that our adaptive process achieves equivalent error rates as a fixed order baseline with cost savings up to 45%. For the survey setting, the goal of data collection is often to gather information from a population, and it is desired to have complete responses from all samples. In this case, we want to maximize survey completion (and the quality of necessary imputations), and so we focus on ordering items to engage the respondent and collect hopefully all the information we seek, or at least the information that most characterizes the respondent so imputed values will be accurate. One item utility metric for this problem is information gain to get a “representative” set of answers from the respondent. Furthermore, paradata collected during the survey process can inform models of user engagement that can influence either the utility metric ( e.g., likelihood therespondent will continue answering questions) or the cost metric (e.g., likelihood the respondent will break off from the survey). We illustrate the benefit of dynamic item ordering for surveys on two nationwide surveys conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau: the American Community Survey and the Survey of Income and Program Participation.
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Hartman, Martin. « Posouzení informačního systému firmy a návrh změn ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233060.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The diploma thesis deals with the assessment of the current status of information system in the selected firm ( operating in the area of car sales ) and a proposal of changes that would lead to the removal of the identified deficiencies. In the assessment of the current status will be used to survey using a questionnaire (methodology B2EPUS), analysis HOS8 and SWOT.
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Chong, Neto Herberto José, Nelson Augusto Rosário, Dirceu Solé, Pascual Chiarella et Latin American ISAAC Study Group. « Asthma and Rhinitis in South America : How Different They are From Other Parts of the World ». Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625735.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Asthma and rhinitis epidemiology has wide variations around the world. The aim of this review was verify the prevalence of asthma and rhinitis in South America and report differences from other regions of the world. We reviewed studies with International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) methodology in South America, Phases I and III. In South America the ISAAC Phase I ranked four countries among top ten in prevalence of asthma and three countries among top ten in prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis. ISAAC Phase III showed little changes in asthma and rhinitis prevalence in South American countries. The prevalence increases of asthma and rhinitis in South American centers indicate that the burden of both is continuing to rise, but the differences in prevalence are lessening.Revisión por pares
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Kim, Sul-Hee. « New methodology for the measurement of underemployment with regard to questions of survey and data quality, statistical efficiency and cost with application to the labour force survey (LFS) ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2001.
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Hussain, Dostdar, et Muhammad Ismail. « Requirement Engineering : A comparision between Traditional requirement elicitation techniqes with user story ». Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-70174.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Requirements are features or attributes which we discover at the initial stage of building a product. Requirements describe the system functionality that satisfies customer needs. An incomplete and inconsistent requirement of the project leads to exceeding cost or devastating the project. So there should be a process for obtaining sufficient, accurate and refining requirements such a process is known as requirement elicitation. Software requirement elicitation process is regarded as one of the most important parts of software development. During this stage it is decided precisely what should be built. There are many requirements elicitation techniques however selecting the appropriate technique according to the nature of the project is important for the successful development of the project. Traditional software development and agile approaches to requirements elicitation are suitable in their own context. With agile approaches a high-level, low formal form of requirement specification is produced and the team is fully prepared to respond unavoidable changes in these requirements. On the other hand in traditional approach project could be done more satisfactory with a plan driven well documented specification. Agile processes introduced their most broadly applicable technique with user stories to express the requirements of the project. A user story is a simple and short written description of desired functionality from the perspective of user or owner. User stories play an effective role on all time constrained projects and a good way to introducing a bit of agility to the projects. Personas can be used to fill the gap of user stories.
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Coetzee, Ziaén. « An interpretive study of the contingent use of systems development methodologies in the telecommunications industry / Z. Coetzee ». Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5562.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The telecommunication industry is dominating the world. Most recently there have been
technological advancements made in mobile telecommunication. There are currently a few
telecommunication organizations in South Africa. These organizations each have their own unique
approach to service delivery. The strong competitive nature of the telecommunication industry is
taking telecommunications in South Africa to greater heights. All these advancements necessitate the
need for better security and controls of the telecommunications networks. RICA legislation was
brought into effect to accomplish just this. The research focuses on the contingent use of systems
development methodologies in the telecommunication industry in South Africa.
The study determines how these telecommunication organizations choose a systems development
methodology when developing systems. This study looks at how these organizations are currently
implementing system development methodologies to keep up with the changes and competition
within the industry. An interpretive approach was used to conduct the research. Four of the leading
telecommunication organizations in South Africa were studied by using case studies. Each case study
focused on a single telecommunication organization to gain in depth data regarding the use of systems
development methodologies. The case studies were conducted by using structured interviews to gain
data from multiple sources within the organizations. The data was analyzed using ATLAS.ti and a
cross case analysis was done to answer the research questions. The results indicate that there is a
contingent use of systems development methodologies within telecommunication organizations. The
telecommunication organizations each use criteria to determine which systems development
methodology to use. The results of the study indicate that there are different levels of contingency,
and it examines how this is accomplished by each organization individually. Each of the
organizations has a unique approach when selecting systems development methodologies. The
systems development methodologies that are used by the telecommunication organizations are also
tailored in some cases.Thesis (M.Sc. (Computer Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Hatef, Faheza. « L'enseignement et la diffusion du français en Afghanistan : bilan et perspective ». Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30008.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse se propose d’étudier « l’enseignement et la diffusion du français en Afghanistan : bilan et perspective ». L’enseignement du français s’est développé depuis presque un siècle en Afghanistan. La langue française est enseignée au niveau secondaire, au niveau universitaire, à l’Institut français d’Afghanistan ainsi qu’aux centres privés en Afghanistan. Le présent travail a tenté très modestement de montrer quelles sont les démarches mises en œuvre pour l’enseignement et la diffusion de français en Afghanistan. Tout au long de ce travail, nous nous sommes fixées comme but fondamental d’explorer la situation d’enseignement/apprentissage du français, sa situation, les motivations des étudiants afghans pour l’apprentissage de cette langue, les représentations qu’ont ces étudiants de cette langue ainsi que les soutiens et les dispositifs mises en place pour l’enseignement, la promotion et la diffusion de cette langue en Afghanistan. La méthodologie de ce travail est basée sur des enquêtes menées à Kaboul (entretiens semi-directifs et questionnaires). Nos enquêtes ont été réalisées à l’aide des données recueillies par l’intermédiaire de deux outils de données : des enquêtes par questionnaires réalisées auprès des enseignants et d’apprenants (les élèves et les étudiants) du français et un entretien semi-directif auprès des professeurs du département de français de l’Université de Kaboul. Nos échantillons sont constitués par les étudiants du département de français (les étudiants spécialistes du français), les étudiants hors-département (les étudiants non-spécialistes du français), et les élèves des deux lycées francophones afghans (lycées Istiqlal et Malalaï), ainsi que par les enseignants de ces institutions : département de français et lycées Istiqlal et Malalaï. D’après le résultat de ces enquêtes, les étudiants afghans apprennent le français pour plusieurs raisons : instrumentales et personnelles. Le français est considéré comme une langue importante du point de vue professionnel d’une part et d’autre part, c’est la valeur culturelle et le prestige de cette langue qui donnent la possibilité aux Afghans d’accéder à une culture riche. Il est également perçu, d’après ces étudiants, comme une langue d’ouverture sur le monde, c’est pourquoi le français possède d’un statut privilégié en Afghanistan. Bien que les Afghans n’utilisent pas le français pour écrire, parler et pour la communication quotidienne et professionnelle, la persistance de cette langue est due aux raisons positives et les représentations qu’ont ces étudiants de cette langueThis thesis proposes to study the "teaching and diffusion of French language in Afghanistan: review and perspective". The teaching of French has been developed for almost a century in Afghanistan; the French language is taught at the secondary level, at the university level, in the French Institute of Afghanistan as well as at in the private centers in Afghanistan. The present research has tried very modestly to show what are the approaches implemented for the teaching and the diffusion of French in Afghanistan. Throughout this work, we have set ourselves the fundamental goal of exploring the teaching and learning situation of French, the motivations of Afghan students for learning this language, the representations these students have of this language as well as the supports put in place for the teaching, the promotion and the diffusion of this language in Afghanistan. The methodology of this work is based on surveys conducted in Kabul (semi-structured interviews and questionnaires). Our surveys were conducted using data collected through two data tools: questionnaire surveys of teachers and students of French and a semi-structured interview with professors of the French Department of Kabul University. Our interviewees are made up of students from the French department (students specializing in French), students learning French as second language, and students from two French-speaking Afghan high schools (Istiqlal and Malalaï), and the French teachers of these institutions: Department of French and Istiqlal and Malalaï high schools. According to the results of these surveys, Afghan students learn French for several reasons: instrumental and personal. French is considered an important language from a professional point of view on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is the cultural value and prestige of this language that gives Afghans access to a rich culture. It is also perceived, according to these students, as a language of openness to the world, which is why French has a privileged status in Afghanistan. Although Afghans do not use French for writing, speaking and for daily and professional communication, the persistence of this language in afghan society is due to the positive reasons and the representations that these students have of this language
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Rosén, Anna. « Mass screening for celiac disease in 12-year-olds : Finding them and then what ? » Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Epidemiologi och global hälsa, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-58950.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background Mass screening for celiac disease (CD) as a public health intervention is controversial. Before implementation, a suitable screening strategy should be outlined, and the acceptability of the screening scrutinized. Also, the benefits of early detection and possible negative consequences should be explored and compared. The overall aim of this thesis was to evaluate different strategies for finding 12-year-olds with undiagnosed CD in the general population, and to explore the experiences of those receiving the diagnosis in a mass screening. Methods A school-based CD screening of 12-year-olds was conducted in five study sites across Sweden. Out of 10041 children who were invited, 7208 had a blood sample analyzed for CD-marker tissue transglutaminase of isotype IgA (tTG-IgA) and 7161 for total serum IgA (s-IgA). If the s-IgA value was low, tTG-IgG was also measured. Additional analysis of endomysial antibodies (EMA) was performed if borderline values of tTG were found. In total, 192 had elevated CD-markers, 184 underwent a small intestinal biopsy and 153 eventually had CD diagnosed. Before receiving knowledge about their CD status, children and their parents filled in questionnaires regarding symptoms and CD-associated conditions. Questionnaires were returned by 7054 children (98%) and 6294 parents (88%). Later, all adolescents who had been diagnosed with CD more than one year ago (n=145), and their parents, were invited to a mixed-method follow-up study in which they shared their experiences in questionnaires, written narratives and focus group discussions. In total, we have information on 117 (81%) of these adolescents, either from the adolescents themselves (n=101) and/or from their parent/s (n=125). Data were analyzed using a combination of descriptive and analytical quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Results We found that information on symptoms and CD-associated conditions were poor predictors for finding undiagnosed CD in the study population. Questionnaire-based case-finding by asking for CD-associated symptoms and conditions would have identified 52 cases (38% of all cases) at a cost of blood-sampling 2282 children (37% of the study population). The tTG-IgA test had an excellent diagnostic accuracy with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.988. If using the recommended cut-off for tTG-IgA (>5 U/mL) 151 had fulfilled biopsy criteria and 134 CD cases had been identified. The strategy of lowering the cut-off to tTG-IgA>4 U/mL, and adding the EMA analysis in those with tTG-IgA between 2-4 U/mL, identified another 17 cases (a 12% increase) at the cost of performing 32 additional biopsies. Measuring total s-IgA in 7161 children discovered only two additional cases at the cost of performing 5 additional biopsies. The positive predictive value of our screening strategy was 80%. Results from the follow-up study of the screening-detected CD cases illustrated that 54% reported health improvement after initiated treatment, but also that these health benefits had to be balanced against social sacrifices. We also found that although the screening-detected diagnosis was met with surprise and anxiety, the adolescents and their parents were grateful for being made aware of the diagnosis. A majority of parents (92%) welcomed a future screening, but both adolescents and parents suggested that it should be conducted earlier in life. Conclusion Obtaining information on symptoms and CD-associated conditions was not a useful step in finding undiagnosed CD cases in a general population. The serological marker tTG-IgA, however, had excellent diagnostic accuracy also when lowering the cut-off. The diagnosis had varying impact on adolescents’ quality of life, and their perceived change in health had to be balanced against the social sacrifices resulting from the diagnosis. Overall, CD mass screening seemed acceptable to most of those who were diagnosed and their parents.
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Morkūnaitė, Snieguolė. « Gerklų vėžiu sergančių pacientų slaugos poreikių vertinimas ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060616_154212-26295.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The topic of the study is to asses the larynx cancer patients needs from the viewpoint of the patient, his or her family and nursing personnel, using quantitative and qualitative research methodology. The significance of the reseaarch. The needs and difficulties of larynx patients are very significant in clinical practice. It is important to evaluate if the nursing needs are equally and adequately understood by the patient, family and the nursing personnel. It is a common practice to use the worldly acknowledged instruments. The use of the quantative method in the research improves the quality of the research and allows to deepen the understanding of the needs of the patient.
The hypothesis of the research. The needs of the larynx cancer patient can be disclosed using the adapted version of Needs Evaluation Questionnaire and by disclosing the attitude of the family, nursing personnel towards the needs of the patient by means of quantitative research.
The aim of the study is to determine the larynx patient needs by using Needs Evaluation Questionnaire and to assess the attitude of the family and the nursing by means of quantitative research.
The goals:
1. Determine the suitability and reliability of the Needs Evaluation Questionnaire by evalutaing the needs of the larynx patients.
2. Determine the attitude of the family towards the needs of the patient by using partially structured interview.
3. Determine the attitude of the nursing personnel towards the needs of the... [to full text]
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Осинцев, С. И., et S. I. Osintsev. « Корпоративная социальная ответственность как инструмент повышения уровня конкурентоспособности предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса : магистерская диссертация ». Master's thesis, б. и, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/97953.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Магистерская диссертация выполнена на 135 листах. Количество таблиц 24 (без приложений), рисунков 11 (без приложений), формул 10 (без приложений), источников 79, приложений 3. Цель исследования состоит в развитии методических основ исследования корпоративной социальной ответственности в качестве инструмента повышения уровня конкурентоспособности предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса.
Задачи исследования:
- изучить теоретические и методические вопросы формирования конкурентоспособности предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса;
- исследовать специфические особенности реализации корпоративной социальной ответственности на предприятиях малого и среднего бизнеса и охарактеризовать такие практики в качестве инструмента повышения уровня конкурентоспособности;
- разработать методику оценки влияния практик корпоративной социальной ответственности предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса на уровень их конкурентоспособности;
- апробировать разработанную методику и определить направления ее возможного совершенствования.
Новизна исследования состоит в следующих аспектах:
- разработан концептуальный подход к исследованию корпоративной социальной ответственности как инструмента повышения конкурентоспособности предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса, включающий в себя: выделение наиболее значимых субъектов конкурентоспособности, на которых могут быть направлены практики корпоративной социальной ответственности; формирование набора экономико-статистических индикаторов, позволяющих оценивать влияние практик корпоративной социальной ответственности на конкурентоспособность предприятия в разрезе каждого выделенного субъекта; описание механизма (способа) воздействия практик корпоративной социальной ответственности на каждого выделенного субъекта конкурентоспособности; определение перечня возможных положительных эффектов, возникающих вследствие воздействия практик корпоративной социальной ответственности на каждого субъекта конкурентоспособности; формализацию процесса оценки положительных эффектов на базе статистических методов, что развивает инструментально-методические основы исследования конкурентоспособности и положения теории управления предприятием;
- предложена методика исследования влияния практик корпоративной социальной ответственности, реализуемых в отношении сотрудников предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса, на уровень их конкурентоспособности, предполагающая выделение и систематизацию показателей, способов и эффектов от влияния таких практик на уровень конкурентоспособности; разработку инструментария исследования на основе анкетного опроса сотрудников; определение этапов и организационных параметров исследования, что позволяет получать количественные (статистические) оценки влияния таких практик на уровень конкурентоспособности и формировать информационно-аналитический базис обоснования необходимости более широкого внедрения корпоративной социальной ответственности на предприятиях малого и среднего бизнеса. Практическая значимость состоит в возможности применения разработанной методики предприятиями малого и среднего бизнеса для оценки степени влияния практик корпоративной социальной ответственности на уровень конкурентоспособности бизнеса, что создает информационно-аналитическую основу для принятия более эффективных управленческих решений и выработки эффективных стратегий и тактик дальнейшего развития предприятия.The master's thesis is made on 132 sheets. The number of tables 23 (without appendices), figures 11 (without appendices), formulas 10 (without appendices), sources 79, appendices 3. The purpose of the study is to develop the methodological foundations of the study of corporate social responsibility as a tool for improving the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses. Objectives of the study: - to study the theoretical and methodological issues of forming the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses; - to study the specific features of the implementation of corporate social responsibility in small and medium-sized businesses and to characterize such practices as a tool for improving the level of competitiveness; - develop a methodology for assessing the impact of corporate social responsibility practices of small and medium-sized businesses on their competitiveness; - to test the developed methodology and determine the directions of its possible improvement. The novelty of the research consists in the following aspects: - developed a conceptual approach to the study of corporate social responsibility as a tool to enhance the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses, including: selection of the most important subjects of competitiveness, which can be directed to the practices of corporate social responsibility; the formation of a set of economic and statistical indicators to assess the impact of CSR practices on company competitiveness in the context of each selected entity; the description of the mechanism (ways) the impact of CSR practices on each selected entity competitiveness; the determination of the list of possible positive effects arising from the impact of CSR practices on every subject of competitiveness; the formalisation of the process of assessing the positive effects on the basis of statistical methods that develops instrumental and methodological basis of the study of competitiveness and the theory of enterprise management; - a methodology for studying the impact of corporate social responsibility practices implemented in relation to employees of small and medium-sized businesses on the level of their competitiveness is proposed, which involves the identification and systematization of indicators, methods and effects of the impact of such practices on the level of competitiveness; the development of research tools based on a questionnaire survey of employees; determination of the stages and organizational parameters of the study, which allows us to obtain quantitative (statistical) assessments of the impact of such practices on the level of competitiveness and to form an information and analytical basis for justifying the need for a broader introduction of corporate social responsibility in small and medium-sized businesses. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the developed methodology by small and medium-sized businesses to assess the degree of influence of corporate social responsibility practices on the level of business competitiveness, which creates an information and analytical basis for making more effective management decisions and developing effective strategies and tactics for further development of the enterprise.
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Slouma, Maher. « Vers une approche incrémentale et contingente de la communication des connaissances : le cas du Knowledge Management ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL0005.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dans une économie fondée sur la connaissance et le savoir, la maîtrise de ressources informationnelles est devenue un des principaux facteurs de succès et de compétitivité de toute organisation innovante. C’est ce qui explique l’important investissement en la matière de la part de tous les acteurs économiques. Dans ce contexte, le Knowledge Management apparaît comme une réponse permettant d’organiser et de maîtriser les connaissances et les compétences acquises en interne pour agir en externe. Le management des connaissances a pour but d’avoir un système d’information durable et une dynamique informationnelle au sein des organisations. Notre sujet nous a conduit à une longue observation des préoccupations des acteurs de la communauté Knowledge Management. Nous avons étudié leurs principales interrogations dans les différents canaux de communication ; nous avons par la suite regroupé leurs attentes dans deux grandes questions qui constituent en effet nos questions de recherche. Cette recherche vise à atteindre deux objectifs principaux : Le 1er objectif est de comprendre comment mettre en place une démarche Knowledge Management dans une organisation et de savoir si cette démarche est la même pour n’importe quel type d’organisation. Sinon quels sont les facteurs de contingence à prendre en considération ? Le 2ème objectif : une fois cette démarche mise en place, est – elle évolutive, changeante et incrémentale ou bien reste-t-elle statique ? Ces deux objectifs constituent les deux principales parties que nous traitons dans cette thèse. Pour répondre à cette problématique, nous avons choisi d’utiliser un pluralisme méthodologique s’appuyant d’une part sur des méthodes d’intelligence informationnelle, d’autre part sur une étude quantitative à l’aide d’un questionnaire et enfin sur une étude qualitative via des entretiens semi-directifsIn an economy founded on the knowledge and the data, the mastery of informational resources became one of the main factors of success and competitiveness of all innovating organization. It is what explains the important investment on the subject on behalf of all economic actors. In this context, the Knowledge Management appears like an answer permitting to organize and to master the knowledge and expertise’s acquired in intern to act in external. The knowledge management has for goal to have a lasting information system and an informational dynamics within the organizations. Our topic drove us to a long observation of the preoccupations of the actors of the community Knowledge Management. We studied their main questionings in the different channels of communication; we regrouped their waiting thereafter in two big questions that constitute our questions of research indeed. This research aims to reach two main objectives : The 1st objective is to understand how to put a gait Knowledge Management in place in an organization and to know if this gait is the same for any type of organization. Otherwise what the factors of contingency are to take in consideration? The 2nd objective: once this gait setting up, is. her evolutive, changing and incremental or she remain static? These two objectives constitute the two main parts that we treat in this thesis. To answer this problematic, we chose to use a methodological pluralism leaning on the one hand on methods of informational intelligence, on the other hand on a quantitative survey with the help of a questionnaire and finally on a qualitative survey via interviews
22
Ljung, Björn. « Korrigering för slumpfel och metodeffekter i sambandsanalys av enkätdata med SQP 2.0 ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-198883.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Sambandsanalys av surveydata kompliceras av förekomsten av slumpfel och metodeffekter i de avgivna svaren. Dessa felkällor kan leda till betydande över- eller underskattning av sambanden mellan undersökta variabler, och riskerar att leda till felaktiga slutsatser. En sedan länge känd metod för att estimera och kontrollera för slumpfel och metodeffekter i enkätdata är den så kallade Multitrait Multimethod-metoden (MTMM). Nackdelen med MTMM-metoden är att den kräver att varje fråga som ska analyseras ställs minst tre gånger i samma enkät, vilket gör att ansatsen i praktiken oftast inte är möjlig att tillämpa. Sedan 2012 finns dock ett verktyg, SQP 2.0, som gör det möjligt att skatta slumpfel och metodeffekter i enkätdata utan att genomföra MTMM-experiment. Den här uppsatsen utvärderar prediktionerna från SQP 2.0 på en enkät om arbetslivsrelaterade frågor besvarad av svenska och brittiska respondenter. Programvarans prediktioner jämförs med resultat från MTMM-experiment, och effekten på sambandsanalysen av att tillämpa SQP-programvarans prediktioner av slumpfel och metodeffekter studeras. Slutsatserna från studien är att SQP 2.0 ger predicerade värden för slumpfel och metod-effekter som ligger nära de MTMM-estimerade i de flesta fall, men att betydande avvikelser också förekommer. Vidare konstateras att korrigering för slumpfel och metodeffekter har en betydande effekt på absolutvärdet av korrelationerna mellan variabler under de studerande förhållandena: korrelationerna i det studerade fallet ökar kraftigt efter justering. Korrelationernas relativa storlek förändras i mindre utsträckning, men för en enkät med mer varierade frågetyper kan också dessa påverkas kraftigt.Correlation analysis of survey data is complicated by the presence of random errors and method effects in the answers given. These factors can lead to significant over- or underestimation of the correlations between variables. A well-established method for estimating and controlling for random error and method effects in survey data is the Multitrait-Multimethod (MTMM) approach. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires that each survey item to be analysed is asked multiple times in the same survey, making the approach hard to use in many practical situations. Since 2012 there is a tool available, SQP 2.0, to predict random errors and method effects in survey data without performing MTMM experiments. This paper evaluates the use of predictions from the SQP 2.0 software on the correlation analysis of a survey of work related matters answered by Swedish and British respondents. The software's predictions are compared with results from MTMM experiments, and the effect on the correlations of applying the SQP software's predictions of random errors and method effects are studied. The conclusion of the study is that SQP 2.0 gives predicted values for random error and method effects that are close to the MTMM-estimates in most cases, but that considerable deviations also occur. It is further concluded that controlling for random error and method effects has a significant effect on the absolute values of the correlations between variables in the studied cases: the correlations in the study increase substantially after adjustment. The relative sizes of the correlations between variables change to a lesser extent, but a questionnaire with more varied question types may have lead to different results in this respect.
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Slouma, Maher. « Vers une approche incrémentale et contingente de la communication des connaissances : le cas du Knowledge Management ». Thesis, Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL0005.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dans une économie fondée sur la connaissance et le savoir, la maîtrise de ressources informationnelles est devenue un des principaux facteurs de succès et de compétitivité de toute organisation innovante. C’est ce qui explique l’important investissement en la matière de la part de tous les acteurs économiques. Dans ce contexte, le Knowledge Management apparaît comme une réponse permettant d’organiser et de maîtriser les connaissances et les compétences acquises en interne pour agir en externe. Le management des connaissances a pour but d’avoir un système d’information durable et une dynamique informationnelle au sein des organisations. Notre sujet nous a conduit à une longue observation des préoccupations des acteurs de la communauté Knowledge Management. Nous avons étudié leurs principales interrogations dans les différents canaux de communication ; nous avons par la suite regroupé leurs attentes dans deux grandes questions qui constituent en effet nos questions de recherche. Cette recherche vise à atteindre deux objectifs principaux : Le 1er objectif est de comprendre comment mettre en place une démarche Knowledge Management dans une organisation et de savoir si cette démarche est la même pour n’importe quel type d’organisation. Sinon quels sont les facteurs de contingence à prendre en considération ? Le 2ème objectif : une fois cette démarche mise en place, est – elle évolutive, changeante et incrémentale ou bien reste-t-elle statique ? Ces deux objectifs constituent les deux principales parties que nous traitons dans cette thèse. Pour répondre à cette problématique, nous avons choisi d’utiliser un pluralisme méthodologique s’appuyant d’une part sur des méthodes d’intelligence informationnelle, d’autre part sur une étude quantitative à l’aide d’un questionnaire et enfin sur une étude qualitative via des entretiens semi-directifsIn an economy founded on the knowledge and the data, the mastery of informational resources became one of the main factors of success and competitiveness of all innovating organization. It is what explains the important investment on the subject on behalf of all economic actors. In this context, the Knowledge Management appears like an answer permitting to organize and to master the knowledge and expertise’s acquired in intern to act in external. The knowledge management has for goal to have a lasting information system and an informational dynamics within the organizations. Our topic drove us to a long observation of the preoccupations of the actors of the community Knowledge Management. We studied their main questionings in the different channels of communication; we regrouped their waiting thereafter in two big questions that constitute our questions of research indeed. This research aims to reach two main objectives : The 1st objective is to understand how to put a gait Knowledge Management in place in an organization and to know if this gait is the same for any type of organization. Otherwise what the factors of contingency are to take in consideration? The 2nd objective: once this gait setting up, is. her evolutive, changing and incremental or she remain static? These two objectives constitute the two main parts that we treat in this thesis. To answer this problematic, we chose to use a methodological pluralism leaning on the one hand on methods of informational intelligence, on the other hand on a quantitative survey with the help of a questionnaire and finally on a qualitative survey via interviews
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Miró, Miró Deli. « Desarrollo del pensamiento crítico y la acción empoderada del estudiantado universitario en la fase de detección de necesidades en los proyectos de Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) Diseño y validación del cuestionario Paseo a la Deriva (DNPD) ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668332.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La finalitat d'aquesta tesi és el desenvolupament d'estratègies de pensament crític i processos d'apoderament de l'estudiantat universitari per a la detecció de necessitats del context en la fase inicial dels projectes d'Aprenentatge Servei (ApS). En aquest sentit, l'objectiu principal és dissenyar i validar el qüestionari per a la detecció de necessitats Passeig a la deriva (*DNPD), en la fase inicial de diagnòstic del context a través de la participació de l'estudiantat universitari. Tot això, partint d'una visió crítica i transformadora, amb la intenció de situar al discent en el centre de l'experiència d'Aprenentatge Servei des del moment zero en la fase inicial de les experiències ApS. Tanmateix, es parteix de les possibilitats socio-pedagògiques del pensament crític (PC) i del lideratge transformatiu com a ingredients principals per a l'apoderament de l'estudiantat. Això, ha de guiar el procés de detecció de necessitats per a l'observació i diagnòstic del context. I ho farà, a través de les diferents dimensions del qüestionari Passeig a la Deriva (DNPD): participació, autogestió, aprenentatge significatiu, abast i millora, pensament crític i qualitat. La validesa d'aquest instrument té dos components clau: a) la validesa de contingut, realitzada a través de l'aplicació a una mostra de 262 estudiants universitaris i b) la validesa de constructe, a través de l'anàlisi crítica de 80 persones jutges expertes. El qüestionari en la seva versió final s'ha aplicat a una mostra de 80 estudiants universitaris. La validesa última i definitiva s'ha realitzat a través de l'anàlisi factorial confirmatòria per a l'estudi de l'estabilitat i la fiabilitat de l'instrument, corresponent al camp de l'estadística multivariant. Per tant, la metodologia de recerca és un continu procés d'exploració de caràcter principalment quantitatiu. En aquest sentit, s'espera que la seva aplicació futura pugui contribuir al desenvolupament d'estratègies de pensament crític i processos d'apoderament de l'estudiantat universitari, així com a l'orientació en la fase inicial de detecció de necessitats per a la millora i qualitat dels projectes d'Aprenentatge Servei.La finalidad de esta tesis es el desarrollo de estrategias de pensamiento crítico y procesos de empoderamiento del estudiantado universitario para la detección de necesidades del contexto en la fase inicial de los proyectos de Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS). En este sentido, el objetivo principal es diseñar y validar el cuestionario para la detección de necesidades Paseo a la Deriva (DNPD), en la fase inicial de diagnóstico del entorno a través de la participación del estudiantado universitario. Todo ello, partiendo de una visión crítica y transformadora, con la intención de situar al discente en el centro de la experiencia de Aprendizaje-Servicio desde el momento cero en la fase inicial de las experiencias ApS. Para ello, se parte de las posibilidades socio-pedagógicas del pensamiento crítico (PC) y del liderazgo transformativo como ingredientes principales para el empoderamiento del estudiantado. Esto ha de guiar el proceso de detección de necesidades para la observación y diagnóstico del contexto. Y lo va a hacer a través de las diferentes dimensiones del cuestionario Paseo a la Deriva (DNPD): participación, autogestión, aprendizaje significativo, alcance y mejora, pensamiento crítico y calidad. La validez de este instrumento tiene dos componentes clave: a) la validez de contenido, realizada a través de la aplicación a una muestra de 262 estudiantes universitarios y b) la validez de constructo, a través del análisis crítico de 80 personas jueces expertas. El cuestionario en su versión final se ha aplicado a una muestra de 80 estudiantes universitarios. La validez última y definitiva se ha realizado a través del análisis factorial confirmatorio para el estudio de la estabilidad y la fiabilidad del instrumento, correspondiente al campo de la estadística multivariante. Por tanto, la metodología de investigación es un continuo proceso de exploración de carácter principalmente cuantitativo. En este sentido, se espera que su aplicación futura pueda contribuir al desarrollo de estrategias de pensamiento crítico y procesos de empoderamiento del estudiantado universitario, así como a la orientación en la fase inicial de detección de necesidades para la mejora y calidad de los proyectos de Aprendizaje-Servicio.
The purpose of this thesis is the development of critical thinking strategies and empowerment processes of university students for the detection of context needs in the initial phase of Service-Learning projects (SL). In this sense, the main objective is to design and validate the questionnaire for the needs detection of Walk to Drift (DNPD), in the initial phase of diagnosis of the environment through the participation of the university students. All of this is based on a critical and transformative vision, with the intention of placing the students at the center of the Service-Learning experience from the zero moment in the initial phase of the Service-Learning experiences. To this end, it starts out from the socio-pedagogical possibilities of critical thinking and transformative leadership as main ingredients for the empowerment of students. This has to guide the process of detecting needs for the observation and diagnosis of the context. It will do this through the different dimensions of the Walk to Drift questionnaire (DNPD): participation, self-management, meaningful learning, outreach and improvement, critical thinking and quality. The validity of this instrument has two key components: a) the validity of content, made through the application to a sample of 262 university students, and b) the validity of construct, through the critical analysis of 80 expert judges. The final version of the questionnaire has been applied to a sample of 80 university students. The final and definitive validity has been made through confirmatory factorial analysis for the study of the stability and reliability of the instrument, corresponding to the field of multivariate statistics. Therefore, the research methodology is a continuous process of exploration of a primarily quantitative nature. In this sense, it is expected that its future application may contribute to the development of critical thinking strategies and the empowerment processes of university students, as well as to the orientation in the initial phase of needs detection for the improvement and quality of service-learning projects.
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Vũ, John Huân. « Software Internationalization : A Framework Validated Against Industry Requirements for Computer Science and Software Engineering Programs ». DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/248.
Texte intégralRésumé :
View John Huân Vũ's thesis presentation at http://youtu.be/y3bzNmkTr-c.
In 2001, the ACM and IEEE Computing Curriculum stated that it was necessary to address "the need to develop implementation models that are international in scope and could be practiced in universities around the world." With increasing connectivity through the internet, the move towards a global economy and growing use of technology places software internationalization as a more important concern for developers. However, there has been a "clear shortage in terms of numbers of trained persons applying for entry-level positions" in this area. Eric Brechner, Director of Microsoft Development Training, suggested five new courses to add to the computer science curriculum due to the growing "gap between what college graduates in any field are taught and what they need to know to work in industry." He concludes that "globalization and accessibility should be part of any course of introductory programming," stating:
A course on globalization and accessibility is long overdue on college campuses. It is embarrassing to take graduates from a college with a diverse student population and have to teach them how to write software for a diverse set of customers. This should be part of introductory software development. Anything less is insulting to students, their family, and the peoples of the world.
There is very little research into how the subject of software internationalization should be taught to meet the major requirements of the industry. The research question of the thesis is thus, "Is there a framework for software internationalization that has been validated against industry requirements?" The answer is no. The framework "would promote communication between academia and industry ... that could serve as a common reference point in discussions." Since no such framework for software internationalization currently exists, one will be developed here. The contribution of this thesis includes a provisional framework to prepare graduates to internationalize software and a validation of the framework against industry requirements. The requirement of this framework is to provide a portable and standardized set of requirements for computer science and software engineering programs to teach future graduates.
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Adawi, Rahim. « Preventing fatal effects of overworking : Product design solution ». Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15473.
Texte intégralRésumé :
“Overworking to death” is a phenomenon that has been noticeable in developing countries. The cause of death is mainly through ischemic strokes. While the victims’ occupations differed, they all shared a common characteristic, being positioned in a sedentary work, ranging from IT workers to doctors. This project’s aim was to develop a product that prevented or decreased the strokes that derived from sedentary overwork. This was mainly tackled by preventing one of the three causes of developing blood props, slowed blood flow. In order to gather rich data of the phenomenon, a qualitative study was conducted in China, during two months. By doing an extensive structured sampling, information rich data could be gathered during a short period of time. Data were derived from observations, questionnaires and an interview, which then was interpreted to customer needs and the final product specification. The final product became a trouser with an in built dynamic compression mechanic, that can compress the veins mostly during sitting activities, in order to prevent blood stasis. The compression mechanic works like the Chinese finger trap; compressing the calves while sitting and stretching the legs forward. It is made only out of polysaccharides fibres; cotton and corn."Guolaosi" eller död från överarbete är ett fenomen som i regel uppkommer bland utvecklingsländer. Dödsorsaken är huvudsakligen genom stroke. Offrens yrken varierar allt från professorer, IT-arbetare till läkare. De delar dock en sak gemensamt; att arbeta under långa perioder stillasittande. Projektets mål var att utveckla en produkt som minskar dödliga följderna av sedentära överarbete, genom att förebygga en av de tre orsakerna för att utveckla blodproppar; saktad blodström. Målgruppen var då kineser av de yrken som hade tidigare drabbats av fenomenet. För att samla informationsrika data om fenomenet genomfördes en kvalitativ studie i Kina under två månader. Genom att göra en omfattande strukturerad provtagning kunde informationsrika data samlas under en kort tidsperiod. Fältstudien bestod av observationer, frågeformulär och en intervju, som då tolkades till kundbehov och eventuellt produktspecifikationen. Den slutliga produkten kom att bli ett par byxor med en inbyggd dynamisk komprimeringsmekanism, som kan komprimera venerna under sittande aktiviteter, för att förhindra saktad blodström. Kompressionsmekanismen fungerar som den kinesiska fingerfällan. Den komprimerar blodkärlen medan personen sitter och sträcker benen framåt. Produkten är konstruerad på så sätt att den kan tillverkas endast av polysackariders tråd, från bomull och majs. Vilket är lämpligt för Kinas lokala resurser.
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May, Marian B. « Asking women about having children : interaction in telephone-survey interviews ». Phd thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/146213.
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Spicer, David P., et E. Sadler-Smith. « An examination of the general decision making style questionnaire in two UK sample ». 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3055.
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NoPurpose ¿ To examine the psychometric properties and construct validity of the general decision making style (GDMS) questionnaire in two UK samples. Design/methodology/approach ¿ The GDMS takes the form of a self-report questionnaire which identifies five decision making styles: rational, intuitive, dependent, avoidant, and spontaneous. It was administered to samples of business studies undergraduates in two UK business schools. Analyses included scale reliabilities, test-re-test reliability, and both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Findings ¿ The instrument's internal and temporal consistencies were generally sound. Consistent with earlier studies, analyses undertaken on the two samples independently were generally supportive of a five factor model of decision making style. No relationships with gender or year of study were observed.
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Slater, B. L., R. Lawton, Gerry R. Armitage, J. Bibby et J. Wright. « Training and action for patient safety : embedding interprofessional education for patient safety within an improvement methodology ». 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7014.
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INTRODUCTION: Despite an explosion of interest in improving safety and reducing error in health care, one important aspect of patient safety that has received little attention is a systematic approach to education and training for the whole health care workforce. This article describes an evaluation of an innovative multiprofessional, team-based training program that embeds patient safety within quality improvement methods. METHODS: Kirkpatrick's "levels of evaluation" model was adopted to evaluate the program in health organizations across one city in the north of England. Questionnaires were used to assess reaction of participants to the program (Level 1). Improvements in patient safety knowledge and patient safety culture (Level 2) were assessed using a 12-item multiple-choice questionnaire and a culture questionnaire. Interviews and project-specific quantitative measurements were used to assess changes in professional practice and patient outcomes (Levels 3 and 4). RESULTS: All aspects of the program were positively received by participants. Few participants completed the MCQ at both time points, but those who did showed improvement in knowledge. There were some small but significant improvements in patient safety culture. Interviews revealed a number of additional benefits beyond the specific problems addressed. Most importantly, 8 of the 11 teams showed improvements in patient safety practices and/or outcomes. DISCUSSION: This program is an example of interprofessional education in practice and demonstrates that team-based learning using quality improvement methods is feasible and can be effective in improving patient safety, but requires time and space for participants. Alignment with continuing education arrangements could support mainstream adoption of this approach within organizations.
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Bocklisch, Franziska. « Die Analyse und Bewertung vager linguistischer Terme mittels fuzzy Methodik : Die Analyse und Bewertung vager linguistischer Terme mittels fuzzy Methodik ». Doctoral thesis, 2011. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A19662.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In vielen Lebenssituationen müssen Menschen auf der Grundlage von vagen Informationen Zustände analysieren, bewerten, vorhersagen und entscheiden. Vagheit ist ein zentrales Charakteristikum der menschlichen Sprache, da viele Worte keine ganz klaren Abgrenzungen haben sondern fließend ineinander übergehen. Wie alt ist z.B. ein junger Mann? Und wo liegt die Altersgrenze, die junge von alten Männern trennt? Die meisten Menschen werden auf diese Frage übereinstimmend antworten, dass man die Altersgrenze nicht präzise festlegen kann und dass jung und alt Konzepte sind, die beispielsweise vom Standpunkt oder Kontext abhängig sind und graduell ineinander übergehen. Der graduelle Übergang verhindert eine klare Unterscheidung der unscharfen Aussagen (junge versus alte Männer) und stellt Menschen vor die Aufgabe, mit dieser Ungenauigkeit umzugehen.
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Vagheit sprachlicher Ausdrücke (linguistische Terme) und hat zum Ziel, eine konsistente fuzzy Methodik zur Erfassung der Begriffsbedeutungen zu entwickeln, sie empirisch zu überprüfen und die Ergebnisse auf praktische Fragestellungen (z.B. die Nutzung in verbalen Fragebogenskalen) anzuwenden. Hierbei werden die linguistischen Terme als unscharfe Mengen (fuzzy sets) konzeptualisiert und mathematisch mit fuzzy Zugehörigkeitsfunktionen beschrieben. Die Formalisierung der Terme ermöglicht eine Objektivierung und bildet die Grundlage für die Nutzung in computerbasierten Systemen (z.B. Decision Support Systemen).
Folgende zentrale Punkte sind Gegenstand der Arbeit:
(1) Die Vorstellung eines zweistufigen Verfahrens zur Übersetzung von linguistischen Termen in formalisierte Beschreibungen (fuzzy Zugehörigkeitsfunktionen) und dessen empirische Erprobung anhand von Wahrscheinlichkeits- und Häufigkeitsausdrücken: Die in der ersten Stufe des Verfahrens erfassten numerischen Schätzwerte für die Begriffe werden in der zweiten Stufe mit fuzzy Zugehörigkeitsfunktionen des Potentialtyps modelliert. In zwei Studien konnte gezeigt werden, dass diese Funktionen ein geeignetes Mittel zur Beschreibung der Terme sind und sich durch die Nutzung der fuzzy Methodik neue Möglichkeiten zu einer systematischen Erforschung linguistischer Terme ergeben.
(2) Der Transfer der durch die fuzzy Übersetzungsprozedur gewonnenen Grundlagenergebnisse in anwendungsorientierte psychologische Forschungsbereiche: Die vorgeschlagenen Methodik wird zur Auswahl und Evaluation von sprachlichen Begriffen für Fragebogenskalen mit verbalen Antwortkategorien genutzt. Anhand der verbalen Antwortskala eines Beispielfragebogens (COPSOQ) konnte in zwei Studien gezeigt werden, dass die Abstände zwischen den Antwortkategorien der originalen Skala nicht gleich sind. Die fehlende Äquidistanz führt dazu, dass die Voraussetzung für eine parametrisch-statistische Auswertung der Daten nicht gegeben ist und beispielsweise keine Mittelwerte berechnet werden dürften. Es zeigte sich ebenso, dass die erarbeitete fuzzy Methodik die Auswahl besser geeigneter äquidistanter Terme ermöglicht.
(3) Die Vorstellung und Nutzung der fuzzy Methodik für die Auswertung von unscharfen Daten, die aus den Antworten verbaler Fragebogenskalen stammen: Hierbei werden die fuzzy Auswertungsergebnisse mit den Ergebnissen der herkömmlichen statistischen Auswertungsprozedur verglichen. In einer Studie, in der ein Fragebogen zur Messung von chronischem Stress (TICS) exemplarisch untersucht wurde, konnte gezeigt werden, dass die fehlende Äquidistanz der Antwortkategorien zu einer Verzerrung der statistischen Ergebnisauswertung und damit auch zur Fehlinterpretation der Stressergebnisse führt. Die vorgestellte fuzzy Methodik hingegen beweist sich als inhaltlich konsistente Alternative.
Abschließend werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit die Ergebnisse der Studien zusammenfassend diskutiert, und es erfolgt ein Ausblick auf weitere Forschungs- und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der fuzzy Methodik.:Inhaltsverzeichnis
Einführung
The Role of Vagueness in the Numerical Translation of Verbal Probabilities: A Fuzzy Approach
Sometimes, Often, and Always – Exploring the Vague Meanings of
Frequency Expressions
Vague Expressions and the Problem of Equidistance in Verbal Rating Scales
Zusammenfassende Diskussion und Ausblick
Literaturverzeichnis
Lebenslauf
Eidesstattliche Erklärung
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Hung, Chiyuan, et 洪吉元. « Applying Q Methodology on the Development of the Competency Questionnaire－A Comparison of Q method and Likert Type Scale on the Agreement Questionnaire ». Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08632193018689070965.
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碩士輔仁大學
心理學系
98
This is an exploratory study of the competency model for saleman. It intends to understand the outstanding sales representatives’ perception and attitudes towards competency by using Q Methodology and likert-scale. The agreement questionnaire is the early stage of competency questionnaire. Testing by the degree of agreement questionnaire, we can establishe the competency dimensions. Likert-scale is a common psychometrical methodologies for measuring the degree of agreement questionnaires. However,it usually require persons to make subjective judgments, which are likely to vary across persons. This study suggests that Q method is more effective than the previous statistic approach. In this research, we use an agreement questionnaire for a case study which is measured by Q method and likert-scale. Based on this understanding,the main purpose of this research was to (1) compare the results of agreement questionnaires between Likert scaling and Q-sorting, (2) investigate the cognition types of salespersons’ competency in the insurance enterprises.The sample was consisted of 20 top management and middle sales managers ,outstanding sales representatives in Taiwan. The 36 Q statements were selected from literature review. Afterwards,the data obtained was further analyzed using descriptive statistics,Spearman's rank correlation and Q method. This study to examine its use of Spearman rank correlation coefficient between each period whether there is a high correlation between the performance. Main findings of this research were as follows: (1)A high level of correlation was found between the rating results of Likert scaling and Q-sort scaling. (2)Through the transpose of factor analysis ,Five types of sales representatives can be distinguished in terms of the selection criteria used: professional image type , active and effective work attitude type , customer-friendly , stressed word of mouth type , self-judgment type. As a conclusion, the researcher of this study made several implications on psychometric assessment, the introduction of competency, and for future research.
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Crask, Erin M. « Moving Beyond Work-Family : Establishing Domains Relevant to Work-Life Conflict ». Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3246.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Theoretically, inter-role conflict can occur between any life domains that place competing demands on an individual. However, inter-role conflict research has mainly focused on the conflict between only two domains: work and family. This limited focus is problematic because it has excluded many other potential life domains in which people participate. In order to focus more attention on other life domains, however, it is necessary to understand which life domains people are participating in. As such, the goal of the present qualitative research was to identify and define the full spectrum of life domains by asking two questions: What life domains are relevant to work-life conflict, and how do people value the various life domains in which they are involved? A total of 13 life domains emerged from the data. Participants engaged in an average of 9 of these domains, indicating that people engage in many activities in life outside just work and family.
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Ndlovu, Manqoba Victor. « The accessibility of translated Zulu health texts : an investigation of translation strategies ». Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3400.
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In disseminating information about health issues, government health departments and NGOs use, inter alia, written health texts. In a country like South Africa, these texts are generally written by medical experts and thereafter translated into the languages of the people. One of these languages is Zulu, which is spoken by the majority of South Africans. A large percentage of Zulu speakers are illiterate or semi-literate, especially in the rural areas. For this reason, Zulu translators have to use ‘simple’ language that these readers would understand when translating English texts into Zulu. Translators are expected to use strategies that can deal with non-lexicalized, problematic or other related terms that appear in health texts, as well as geographical and cultural constraints. This study focuses on the strategies used by Zulu translators in an attempt to make translated Zulu health texts accessible to the target readership. The investigation includes the use of self-administered questionnaires for respondents from two of South Africa’s nine provinces, where Zulu speakers are found (Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal), to determine whether the health texts do reach the target readership. Focus groups, semi-structured interviews and other complementary techniques were used to collect data from the selected respondents. Furthermore, a parallel concordance called ParaConc was used to extract and analyse data from the corpus as compiled for the present study, in an attempt to investigate the strategies used to make the translated health texts easier to read. The study uncovers various strategies which are used when translating English health texts into Zulu. These strategies include the use of loan words, paraphrasing, cultural terms and so on. In future, the use of ParaConc can be broadened to investigate newly discovered translation strategies, with the aim of making health texts more accessible to the target readers. Furthermore, this software programme can also be used to study translation strategies as used in other types of texts, for example journalistic texts.Linguistics
D. Litt. et Phil. (Linguistics (Translation Studies))
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Moldaschlová, Jana. « Didaktické využití vybraných čeledí krytosemenných rostlin ve výuce na ZŠ a víceletých gymnáziích ». Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405148.
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The diploma thesis deals with a didactic use of selected angiosperms in teaching at elementary and high schools. It provides theoretical knowledge concerning angiosperms, selected families, and plant species. Furthermore, it describes selected teaching techniques and methodology which can be used in teaching of the angiosperms. This thesis contains specific suggestions of the teaching methodology dependent on the selected plant families. A part of the thesis is a questionnaire survey, which contains the use of various forms and methods of teaching in natural science lessons at elementary schools and high schools. The results of the practical work are represented by practical exercises, worksheets and didactic games which teachers could use in teaching of the angiosperms. Key words: teaching techniques and methodology, questionnaire suvey, angiosperms
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Pienaar, Jacqueline C. « Efficacy of the informal confidential voting interview in enhancing self-disclosure and reducing social desirability bias : a comparative analysis with the SAQ and FTFI ». Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/976.
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Background and Objectives Self - report data is known to be unrel iable and susceptible to factors such as social desirability bias. Methods used for collecting self - report data has thus far been unsuccessful in ameliorating known obstacles to honest self - disclosure. Considering the current HIV/AIDS pandemic and relate d health crises, it is imperative that self - report data is an accurate depiction of reality, since it informs research requirements and designs as well as intervention designs and the evaluation of the efficacy of the interventions. Aim To evaluate and co mpare the efficacy of the Informal Confidential Voting Interview (ICVI) to the FTFI (Face - to - Face Interview) and the SAQ (Self - Administered Questionnaire) in enhancing self - disclosure and minimizing social desirability bias on sensitive topics of sexual ex perience and sexual activity. Study Design A sample of 110 undergraduate and post - graduate students at various tertiary education institutions in Pietermaritzburg were randomly allocated to the ICVI, the SAQ or the FTFI. The ICVI combined a face - to - face interview with a voting box method devised to enhance response anonymity. The FTFI and the SAQ were administered according to a standardized procedure to maximize confidentiality and self - disclosure. Results The self - disclosure scores were significant ly higher for the ICVI in comparison to the FTFI and the SAQ, with a p = 0.005. Post - hoc tests revealed that the ICVI performed significantly better in self - disclosure scores than the FTFI with p = 0.022 and the SAQ with p = 0.015. There was no significa nt difference in self - disclosure scores between the SAQ and the FTFI. Using the Marlowe - Crowne scale of social desirability bias, a significant difference in social desirability bias scores were achieved with p = 0.043. However, the post - hoc analysis ind icated no affirmative significant mean difference in social desirability score among any of the methods. Males displayed greater self - disclosure than females with p = 0.013, but for both sexes the ICVI group achieved the highest mean self - disclosure score s than the FTFI - and the SAQ group. Conclusion The results of this study concluded that the employment of ICVI fundamentally resulted in better quality data than the SAQ and the FTFI on topics of sensitivity and controversial behaviours. The findings ar e suggestive of the successful implementation of the ICVI method across potentially diverse research contexts that rely on self - report data, as the method is adaptable to the target population and its characteristics. Further research is warranted to buil d on its current design and facilitate the implementation of the ICVI across the wide disciplines of self - report data.Thesis (M.Sc.) - University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, [2009]
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Fleming, Alicia Ann-Marie. « CAMBIOS DIALECTALES E IDIOSINCRACIAS EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL SEGUNDO IDIOMA A ESTUDIANTES MINORITARIOS A TRAVÉS DE LA POESÍA AFROCUBANA ». Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3201.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Cotidianamente los profesores se hacen esta pregunta: ¿cómo pueden relacionarse mis estudiantes con la lección? Saben que si los estudiantes pudieran acoplarse con el contenido de la lección, entenderían y aprenderían con gran eficacia. En la mayoría de los distritos escolares urbanos de Indianapolis, Estados Unidos hay muchos estudiantes afroamericanos que están en clases de lengua extranjera que piensan que no existen atributos de conexión --como tradiciones y costumbres-- que tienen aspectos en común con sus propias culturas. Por otro lado, hay estudiantes afrolatinos que son nativos de esas lenguas pero a quienes no se les expone a elementos que pertenecen a su cultura o herencia. Esta investigación se enfocará en cómo los profesores pueden utilizar la poesía para enseñar una lengua extranjera; específicamente, cómo se puede utilizar la poesía afrocubana para vincular la lección a los estudiantes minoritarios y su cultura.
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Luna, Rebecca Malafaia. « Crenças e atitudes de profissionais de educação relativamente ao direito de participação das crianças em contexto de educação de infância ». Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/24261.
Texte intégralRésumé :
O presente estudo, de caráter exploratório, pretendeu avaliar as características psicométricas de uma medida de avaliação das crenças e atitudes dos profissionais de educação em relação ao direito de participação das crianças, no contexto de educação de infância. Participaram 75 profissionais de educação de infância de Portugal, que para além das suas crenças e atitudes também reportaram as suas práticas de participação e as suas crenças de modernidade. Relativamente às crenças e atitudes sobre participação, os resultados sugeriram a existência de duas componentes: Importância e Reconhecimento da Participação e Práticas do Adulto para a Expressão e Tomada de Decisão da Criança. Verificou-se uma associação positiva entre ambas as componentes e a dimensão das práticas de Expressão e Responsabilidade da Criança, e ainda uma associação positiva entre as componentes e as crenças de modernidade dos profissionais. Não foram encontradas associações entre as componentes das crenças e atitudes e a idade ou os anos de experiência, nem diferenças em função do tipo de instituição em que os profissionais exercem funções. Este estudo, cujos resultados e implicações são discutidos, fornece um primeiro contributo para o estudo das crenças e atitudes dos profissionais de educação de infância portugueses relativamente à participação das crianças.This explorational study aims to assess the psychometric characteristics of an evaluative tool. The tool measures the beliefs and attitudes of professional early childhood educators regarding children's right to participate in the context of their kindergarten. The study consists of 75 early-years educators from Portugal who reported on, in addition to their beliefs and attitudes, their current child participation practices and their conceptions of modern practices. With respect to their beliefs and attitudes regarding participation, the results suggested the existence of two key components: the Importance and Recognition of Participation; and the Adult Methods for Child Expression and Decision Making. The results demonstrated a positive association between both components and the dimension of the practices of Child Expression and Responsibility. There was also a positive association between these two components and the beliefs expressed by the educators on modern practices. No associations were found between the components of beliefs and attitudes; age; years of experience; or differences in terms of the type of institution in which the educators work. The discussion centres around the results and implications of this study, providing an initial contribution to the research area of Portuguese educator´s beliefs and attitudes regarding child participation in early childhood education settings.
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Erk, Miranda Richelle. « Prácticas internacionales en el extranjero y percepciones de la mejoría lingüística y competencia cultural : Una evaluación del programa “Auxiliares de Conversación” ». Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3200.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Este estudio analiza las percepciones de mejoría en el español y de conocimiento cultural de los participantes en un programa de ayudantes de inglés, Auxiliares de Conversación, mientras trabajaron en escuelas primarias y secundarias en varias regiones de España. Los participantes provenían de varios países anglófonos, entre ellos los Estados Unidos, el Reino Unido, Canadá, Nueva Zelanda, Australia. Varios participantes rellenaron encuestas a través de internet para evaluar su crecimiento lingüístico y cultural durante el programa, experiencia en los centros educativos y alojamiento. Además, plantearon varias sugerencias para el programa para futuros auxiliares y profesores. Seis auxiliares fueron entrevistados sobre los mismos temas en mayor profundidad.
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Le, Roux Christelle. « An assessment of the role of corporate brand identity in corporate brand image formation ». Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/9847.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study focuses on the extent to which the various elements of corporate brand identity as identified in the literature are perceived to contribute to corporate brand image formation. In doing so, a theoretical perspective is adopted for this study that borrows from both marketing communication and corporate communication theories.
Three data collection techniques – Q methodology, an online questionnaire and computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) – were used to determine to what extent these elements are perceived significant in corporate brand image formation among participants from 106 South African organisations across various business sectors. Four categories were identified to be perceived as significant for corporate brand image formation, namely transformational leadership and management, positioning and differentiation strategy, brand equity and employee orientation and mentorship.
To date, a comprehensive measuring instrument that theoretically includes all the corporate brand identity elements perceived to be significant in corporate brand image formation has not been developed. Based on the research findings, the study aims to propose a theoretical framework for establishing a measuring instrument that includes all the corporate brand identity elements deemed significant in corporate brand image formation as perceived by South African organisations. The objective of providing a theoretical framework for establishing a measuring instrument is to enable organisations to assess the role of their corporate brand identity in corporate brand image formation among their stakeholder groups. The theoretical framework includes the four identified categories perceived as significant in corporate brand image formation. It indicates which of the corporate brand identity elements included in the four categories are perceived to be more significant in corporate brand image formation by South African organisations. In addition, it provides assumptions on how these corporate brand identity elements are perceived to work in synergy to enhance corporate brand image formation based on the research results.Communication Science
D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication)