Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Quantitative facies analysis »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Quantitative facies analysis"
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Ma, Baoquan, Shaochun Yang, Hong Zhang, Qingdong Kong, Chunting Song, Ya Wang, Qinglin Bai et Xidong Wang. « Diagenetic facies quantitative evaluation of low-permeability sandstone : A case study on Chang 82 reservoirs in the Zhenbei area, Ordos basin ». Energy Exploration & ; Exploitation 36, no 3 (7 novembre 2017) : 414–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598717738813.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Quantitative characterization of diagenetic facies has great significance for reservoir evaluation and prediction. In order to find out the method to evaluate diagenetic facies, the author took Chang 82 reservoir low-permeability sandstone in Zhenbei area of Ordos basin as research object and divided the reservoir into six types of diagenetic facies by analysis of casting thin section, scanning electron microscope, cathode luminescence, and physical property. According to 14 quantitative evaluating parameters which were related with petrology characteristic, diagenesis strength, pore structure, etc. quantitative evaluation of diagenetic facies of low-permeability sandstone reservoir was done by data envelopment analysis. The result showed that in the Chang 82 reservoir low-permeability sandstone in Zhenbei area of Ordos basin, quantitative representative indexes of diagenetic facies ranged from 0 to 1.00. Various diagenetic facies and their indexes had interval corresponding relation. The diagenetic facies of weak corrosion with chlorite mat and the diagenetic facies of corrosion of unstable components had the best reservoir quality. Their diagenetic facies indexes ranged from 0.66 to 1.00. The reservoir quality of the diagenetic facies filled with kaolinite was not as good as the former. The indexes ranged from 0.50 to 0.66. The diagenetic facies of quartz secondary enlargement and the diagenetic facies of clay mineral cementation replacement had poor reservoir quality. Their diagenetic facies indexes ranged from 0.30 to 0.40. The diagenetic facies of carbonate cementation had the poorest reservoir quality. It hardly possessed fluid storage capability. After comparing diagenetic facies indexes, absorption strength and remaining oil saturability, the perfect corresponding relation between quantitative evaluation results and reservoir quality could be verified.
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Humphrey, Elliot, Enrique Gomez-Rivas, Joyce Neilson, Juan Diego Martín-Martín, David Healy, Shuqing Yao et Paul D. Bons. « Quantitative analysis of stylolite networks in different platform carbonate facies ». Marine and Petroleum Geology 114 (avril 2020) : 104203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.104203.
Texte intégral
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Kuznetsova, Ya V. « Object methods of geostatistical analysis for facies modeling ». Oil and Gas Studies, no 1 (19 mars 2021) : 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2021-1-20-29.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Facies cube is a required part of a static model, especially concerning fields characterized by complicated geological structure. The important quantitative limitations for modeling are facies proportions in the formation volume. Nowadays these proportions are calculated using standard geostatistical methods without considering particular properties of facies data. These properties are specific geometrical characteristics of sedimentological units. The consequences are significant differences between calculated and actual data and unreliable hydrocarbon reserves estimation.In order to enhance reliability of reserves estimation on the basis of 3D static models, this article is devoted to special methods of geostatistical analysis for facies data: object geometrization and object clustering. These methods allow taking into account specific geometrical parameters of formations deposited in different environments, therefore, allow reducing differences between calculated and actual facies data and enhancing reliability of reserves estimation.
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Chalabi, Aicha, B. Pierson et Jasmi Ab Talib. « Remote Sensing Analysis of Recent Carbonate Platforms, East of Sabah : Potential Analogues for Miocene Carbonate Platforms of the South China Sea ». Indonesian Journal on Geoscience 7, no 3 (28 septembre 2012) : 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17014/ijog.7.3.123-135.
Texte intégralRésumé :
DOI: 10.17014/ijog.v7i3.141Recent carbonate platforms may provide useful analogues for fossil platforms and reefs, and could allow the generation of quantitative tools for the prediction of facies distribution, reservoir volumes, and reservoir quality. Data from these modern analogues would greatly enhance our ability to construct more reliable and calibrated reservoir models for carbonate fossil fields, such as the Miocene carbonate platforms of Central Luconia Province, Sarawak. In this study, carbonate facies maps and quantitative reservoir data will be generated by using remote sensing techniques. Satellite imageries over the carbonate platforms east of Sabah have been acquired and processed for generating facies maps. In order to produce a reliable facies map, the composition and grain size distribution of the sediments that make up individual facies must be known in order to determine the classes that have been identified on the initial facies maps. Samples collected from the Gaya and Selekan platforms were analyzed and the results of grain size analysis are illustrated.
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Teng, Ji, Qiang Fu, Jun Qin, Wenrui Ma, Guanyu Zhang et Kailong Feng. « Quantitative Evaluation of Paleocene Reservoir Diagenetic Facies by Logging in Lishui West Sag, East China Sea Basin ». Minerals 14, no 1 (26 décembre 2023) : 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14010028.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Exploration in the Lishui West Sag of the East China Sea Basin is limited by the scarcity of offshore drilling sites, and the prediction of deep, high-quality reservoirs is challenging using only geophysical methods. This study introduces a quantitative approach to diagenetic facies division in individual wells based on logging data, providing a new method and perspective for the prediction of deep, high-quality reservoirs. We employed comprehensive data from core, logging, thin-section casting, cathodoluminescence, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses from five wells to study the petrology, physical properties, diagenetic types and strength, and diagenetic minerals of the Paleocene sandstone reservoirs in the Lishui West Sag. Apparent compaction rate, apparent cementation rate, and other quantitative characterization parameters were used to calculate the comprehensive diagenetic coefficient (Cg), and the diagenetic facies were divided into compaction, cementation, and dissolution facies. A logging calculation model for the comprehensive diagenetic coefficient (Cg) and a quantitative identification method for diagenetic facies in individual well reservoirs were established through a fitting analysis between Cg and logging curve parameters. Continuous quantitative identification of vertical diagenetic facies in the five wells in the study area showed that the high-quality reservoirs in wells L1, L2, and L3 within the L1 gas field are characterized by extensive development of dissolution facies, while wells L4 and L5 are dominated by compaction and cementation facies, with poor reservoir properties and no industrial gas flow output. The results demonstrate the reliability of the model method. The establishment of this quantitative characterization method for diagenetic facies using logging data provides guidance for the prediction of favorable reservoirs.
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Grana, Dario, Marco Pirrone et Tapan Mukerji. « Quantitative log interpretation and uncertainty propagation of petrophysical properties and facies classification from rock-physics modeling and formation evaluation analysis ». GEOPHYSICS 77, no 3 (1 mai 2012) : WA45—WA63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0272.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Formation evaluation analysis, rock-physics models, and log-facies classification are powerful tools to link the physical properties measured at wells with petrophysical, elastic, and seismic properties. However, this link can be affected by several sources of uncertainty. We proposed a complete statistical workflow for obtaining petrophysical properties at the well location and the corresponding log-facies classification. This methodology is based on traditional formation evaluation models and cluster analysis techniques, but it introduces a full Monte Carlo approach to account for uncertainty evaluation. The workflow includes rock-physics models in log-facies classification to preserve the link between petrophysical properties, elastic properties, and facies. The use of rock-physics model predictions guarantees obtaining a consistent set of well-log data that can be used both to calibrate the usual physical models used in seismic reservoir characterization and to condition reservoir models. The final output is the set of petrophysical curves with the associated uncertainty, the profile of the facies probabilities, and the entropy, or degree of confusion, related to the most probable facies profile. The full statistical approach allows us to propagate the uncertainty from data measured at the well location to the estimated petrophysical curves and facies profiles. We applied the proposed methodology to two different well-log studies to determine its applicability, the advantages of the new integrated approach, and the value of uncertainty analysis.
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Laporte, Léo. « Matching Mind and Method with Material : John Imbrie and Quantitative Facies Analysis ». Earth Sciences History 30, no 1 (1 décembre 2011) : 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.30.1.g18rn80l2r21024n.
Texte intégralRésumé :
John Imbrie (b. 1925) always had deep mathematical insight and facility. At Yale University he completed his PhD (1951) under Carl Dunbar working on Middle Devonian brachiopods where he employed a statistical technique—'reduced major axis regression'—to differentiate several subspecies. Later, in a study with Edwin Colbert at the American Museum of Natural History, he used the same technique to determine subtle, yet significant, variations in the growth patterns of Triassic Metoposaurid amphibians (1956). At about the same time as sedimentary facies analysis was becoming of increased interest, Imbrie sought to test what one might do with quantitative facies analysis by undertaking a decade-long study of the Lower Permian Florena Shale (Kansas) using multivariate cluster analysis to characterize different litho- and biofacies. Despite much hard work in the field and with a highdecibel desk calculator, the hoped for results were lackluster. But neither the man nor the methods were wanting. The materials—fragmented, scattered invertebrate fossils imbedded in shales and limestones—permitted no more understanding than qualitative, eye-ball analysis. Even a late stage attack with the IBM computer at Columbia University merely groaned and brought forth similar mousey results. What was needed was a problem whose material components (abundant planktonic microfossils) within well-characterized stratigraphic sequences (deep-sea Pleistocene cores) were suitably matched to the man's mind and his quantitative procedures. And, of course, the result was phenomenal: his empirical demonstration of the deep-sea data for the validity of Milankovitch Cycles as the forcing factors for large-scale global climate change. His scientific success was duly honored by awards, prizes, medals, and elections to distinguished honorary societies. How did this happen?
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Shahtakhtinskiy, Aydin, et Shuhab Khan. « Quantitative analysis of facies variation using ground-based lidar and hyperspectral imaging in Mississippian limestone outcrop near Jane, Missouri ». Interpretation 8, no 2 (1 mai 2020) : T365—T378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2019-0151.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ground-based hyperspectral imaging is useful for geologic mapping because of its high spectral and spatial resolutions at a millimeter to centimeter scale. We have used hyperspectral and terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) data collected in close range to a roadcut near Jane, Missouri, that contains a subvertical outcrop of Lower Mississippian limestone. The outcrop consists of the Compton, Northview, and Pierson Formations, which we evaluated for facies heterogeneity. The sequence near Jane, Missouri, was deposited in shelf margin with high-frequency sea-level fluctuations. These fluctuations introduced lithologic and geometric heterogeneity to the facies, and debris flows brought in carbonate mounds referred to as outrunner blocks. These are important to interpret accurately because of their equivocal depositional origin, which is highly debated by previous workers. We combined hyperspectral data with TLS for an integrated spatial analysis of geometric and compositional variations in facies by accurate, point cloud-registered mineralogical mapping. We mapped several carbonate facies based on spectral signatures of calcite, silt, and clay particles and distinguished pure limestone outrunner blocks from surrounding mud-prone limestone facies with various proportions of silt and clay (a total of approximately 60%). By tracing the classified facies from combined hyperspectral and TLS imagery, we produced a lithostratigraphic framework, which indicates rapid changes in lithology and the presence of shale baffles that vary the character of the Compton through Pierson interval and contribute to heterogeneity in this outcrop. The data suggest a lower energy depositional environment and support the hypothesis of transported outrunner blocks in a distally steepened ramp system. The information that we have evaluated in our study could help to explain reservoir heterogeneity in equivalent carbonate fields.
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Fournier, Frédérique, Pierre‐Yves Déquirez, Costas G. Macrides et Marty Rademakers. « Quantitative lithostratigraphic interpretation of seismic data for characterization of the Unayzah Formation in central Saudi Arabia ». GEOPHYSICS 67, no 5 (septembre 2002) : 1372–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1512742.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A lithostratigraphic interpretation of seismic data sets covering the Unayzah fluviatile formation in central Saudi Arabia has allowed us to map the sandstone distribution and to characterize the average porosity of the formation. First, sandstone distribution was predicted through seismic facies identification and interpretation with well information. Seismic facies analysis was performed with statistical pattern recognition applied to the portions of traces at the reservoir level, these traces being characterized by a series of seismic attributes. A good convergence of results from unsupervised and supervised pattern recognition was observed. This increases the confidence in the interpretation of sandprone facies. Second, using a statistical relationship between the reservoir average porosity defined at the wells and selected amplitudes of adjacent traces, the porosity was predicted all over the area covered by the seismic information. The model was based on a multivariate linear regression, showing satisfying quality criteria (correlation coefficient, residuals, etc.). The porosity variation predicted from the seismic data complements the sandstone distribution, derived from the seismic facies analysis. In particular, some areas where sandstones are predicted do not appear as porous as could have been suspected from their lithological content, perhaps as the result of diagenetic effects. Last, seismic facies analysis with pattern recognition applied to 2‐D exploratory lines, partly intersecting the 3‐D data set, led to the identification of potential prospects (Unayzah interval with a high sand–shale ratio).
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Liu, Di, Changchun Zou, Yihang Chang, Ping Yang, Zhonghong Wan et Weiguang Liu. « Seismic facies discrimination incorporating relative rock physics ». Leading Edge 40, no 10 (octobre 2021) : 734–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle40100734.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Seismic facies discrimination is usually performed based on a rock-physics-driven quantitative interpretation approach. The accuracy of the study of rock physics largely impacts the reservoir and fluid recognition. However, the study is commonly conducted with absolute well logs without removing the trend effect. Such an approach may introduce inappropriate low-frequency information and bias further analysis of seismic data (crossplotting, facies probability density function generation, and projection angle determination). By contrast, relative rock physics with the trend decomposed reflects the rock-property variation of the overburden and underlying formation. The relative portions are more consistent with the seismic reflectivity, providing an alternative tool to facies interpretation through a seismic inversion scheme. A workflow for seismic facies discrimination has been investigated that incorporates relative rock physics, long short-term memory-based nonlinear seismic inversion, and Bayesian classification. This workflow is employed in a case study from Songliao Basin in northeast China, through which the results of relative and absolute approaches in key steps are analyzed and compared. The consistency of facies, determined through relative and absolute methods with petrophysical interpretation, is calculated. The relative analysis exhibits improved agreement with petrophysical interpretation in overall facies and reservoir sand discrimination of the blind wells. This indicates the potential to minimize the trend bias by integrating relative rock physics in quantitative interpretation.
Thèses sur le sujet "Quantitative facies analysis"
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Flood, Yvette. « Combined facies analysis and quantitative characterisation of fluvial stratigraphic architecture at outcrop and in subsurface well data ». Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/30733.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Integrated analysis of channelised fluvial sandbodies and their relationship to surrounding fine-grained floodplain fines enables interpretation of avulsion style and its links to allogenic and autogenic controls on stratigraphic architecture. A fundamental gap in our knowledge still lies in predicting the distribution and connectivity of channelised sandbodies generated via avulsion in the stratigraphic record. This thesis presents a study of two comparable high-quality fluvial successions; the upper Cretaceous Blackhawk Formation of the Wasatch Plateau, Utah, U.S.A, and the middle Jurassic Ness Formation of the Brent Field, North Sea, U.K. The aim of this research is to combine the use of aerial photographs, spatial statistical analysis (Besag's L function, lacunarity), fieldwork, and core to investigate the spatial distribution, geometry, stratigraphic architecture, and connectivity of channelised fluvial sandbodies. The data attained from this study will enhance understanding into the way in which fluvial environments operate through time, and build upon existing models of fluvial stratigraphic architecture. Analysis of measured section data from both case studies identified environments associated with wave-dominated delta plain deposition. Localised stratigraphic architecture reveals three styles of channel avulsion: avulsion by incision, avulsion by progradation and avulsion by annexation. Spatial statistical analysis reveals three styles of stratigraphic channel distribution: channel clustering, compensational stacking, and spatial randomness. Sandbody size and distribution, and the character, vertical stacking and abundance of lithofacies and palaeosols (entisols, inceptisols, histosols) differs locally within the two formations, however such variations are not consistent over basin-wide scales. These findings do not conform to existing models of alluvial architecture which typically relate such stratigraphic patterns to allogenic controls. These results suggest that deposition took place in the absence of or independent from any variation in external basin boundary conditions (e.g. sea level, tectonics and climate) and thus may be primarily controlled via autogenic responses such as avulsion.
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Cugny, Pierre. « Associations paleontologiques et paleoenvironnements : analyse quantitative des facies dans diverses formations cretacees des marges neotethysiennes et atlantique ». Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30162.
Texte intégralRésumé :
On montre comment l'utilisation conjointe des methodes classiques d'etude des formations geologiques (analyse sequentielle, sedimentologie, paleontologie) et de methodes quantitatives (analyse des donnees multidimensionnelles, tests statistiques) permet de reconstituer les paleoenvironnements, leur evolution et de proposer des modeles paleoecologiques. Les exemples sont pris en domaine de plateforme, dans les series du cretace des marges neotethysiennes (pyrenees, espagne, bulgarie, maroc, algerie) et atlantique (portugal)
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Bofill, Lucas. « From outcrop to fluid-flow : sedimentary architecture, permeability heterogeneity, and effect of sedimentary facies in fluid-flow modelling : a case study of the middle buntstandstein continental sandstones (lower triassic, eastern France) ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAH006.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Au fossé rhénan supérieur, dans l'est de la France, le Buntsandstein du Trias inférieur constitue un important réservoir d'eau souterraine et de saumures géothermiques riches en lithium. L'objectif scientifique de cette étude est de comprendre l'architecture de la Formation du Grès Vosgien inférieur (LGV), Buntsandstein moyen ; comment les processus sédimentologiques, à différentes échelles, génèrent des hétérogénéités significatives de perméabilité ; et l'effet de telles hétérogénéités sur les résultats de la modélisation des flux de fluides. L'étude utilise une caractérisation sédimentologique à haute résolution, par le biais de descriptions de profils verticaux, de modèles numériques d'affleurements et d'analyses pétrographiques. Ensuite, les mesures de perméabilité sont couplées aux données sédimentologiques, afin d'identifier différentes échelles de contrôles sédimentaires sur la distribution de la perméabilité. Enfin, un modèle conceptuel hydrostratigraphique réaliste en 2D est généré comme référence, pour évaluer comment différents scénarios de simplification des hétérogénéités impactent la modélisation des flux de fluides, en ce qui concerne le temps de résidence des particules, la macro-dispersivité et l'anisotropie mise à l'échelle.Les résultats indiquent que 93% du LGV est composé de grès déposés par un système fluvial en tresses, avec des indices suggérant que la variabilité du débit était un facteur de contrôle principal de la distribution des faciès sédimentaires et des hétérogénéités. Le modèle de superposition du LGV révèle des périodes où les processus fluviaux étaient absents, et les processus éoliens dominaient le transport et le dépôt des sédiments, constituant 7% de l'épaisseur totale du LGV. Les dépôts éoliens montrent des indications de la présence persistante d'eau dans le système, soit en raison de la montée de la nappe phréatique, soit de crues éphémères.Dans l'association de faciès des chenaux fluviaux, une relation inverse entre les conditions du régime fluvial et la perméabilité de ses faciès est observée. Dans l'association de faciès déposés par le vent et l'eau (WWL), la distribution de la perméabilité est directement influencée par les conditions climatiques, où des feuilles de sable hybrides à faible perméabilité ont été déposées dans des conditions plus humides, et des dunes éoliennes à haute perméabilité dans des conditions plus arides. Cependant, malgré la haute perméabilité des dunes éoliennes, l'architecture des WWL implique un faible potentiel de connectivité. La compaction est le principal processus influençant la perméabilité et la porosité du LGV. Les échantillons avec une proportion plus élevée de lithoclastes et d'argile infiltrée ont enregistré un degré de compaction plus avancé, tandis que les échantillons avec un pourcentage plus élevé de surcroissance de quartz ont montré un degré de compaction moindre. La surimpression diagénétique a affecté les différents faciès de manière distincte, indiquant que les processus et l'architecture sédimentaires primaires régissent la distribution des hétérogénéités de perméabilité dans le LGV. Les données de perméabilité provenant des affleurements ont montré des valeurs médianes jusqu'à trois ordres de grandeur plus élevées que celles des données de subsurface. Cependant, les mêmes faciès, et des tendances similaires des réponses porosité-perméabilité relatives aux différents faciès, sont observées entre les affleurements et les échantillons de forage, mettant en évidence la sédimentologie comme un proxy indispensable pour les études d'hétérogénéité des réservoirs[...]At the Upper Rhine Graben, in Eastern France, the Lower Triassic Buntsandstein serves as an important reservoir of groundwater and lithium-rich geothermal brines. The scientific objective of this study is to comprehend the architecture of the Lower Grès Vosgien Formation (LGV), Middle Buntsandstein; how sedimentological processes, at different scales, generate significant permeability heterogeneities; and the effect of such heterogeneity in fluid-flow modelling results. The study employs high-resolution sedimentological characterisation, through vertical profile descriptions, digital outcrop model, and petrographic analysis. Subsequently, permeability measurements are coupled with sedimentological data, to identify different scales of sedimentary controls on permeability distribution. Finally, a realistic 2D hydrostratigraphyc conceptual model is generated as a reference, to evaluate how different scenarios of heterogeneity simplification impact fluid-flow modelling, concerning particle residence time, macro-dispersivity and upscaled anisotropy.Results indicate that 93% of the LGV is composed of sandstones deposited by a braided fluvial system, with evidence suggesting that discharge variability was a main depositional controlling factor of sedimentary facies and heterogeneity distribution. The LGV stacking pattern reveals periods when fluvial processes were absent, and aeolian processes dominated sediment transport and deposition, constituting 7% of the total LGV thickness. The aeolian deposits record indications of persistent water in the system, either due to water table rise or ephemeral floods In the fluvial channel facies association, an inverse relationship between fluvial flow regime conditions and the permeability of its facies is observed. In the wind- and water-laid facies association (WWL), permeability distribution is directly influenced by climatic conditions, where low permeability hybrid sand sheets were deposited in more humid conditions, and high permeability aeolian dunes in more arid conditions. However, despite the high permeability of the AD, the architecture of the WWL implies low connectivity potential. Compaction is the main process influencing the permeability and porosity of the LGV. Samples with a higher proportion of lithoclasts and infiltrated clay recorded a more advanced degree of compaction, whereas samples with a higher percentage of quartz overgrowth exhibited a lower degree of compaction. The diagenetic overprint affected the distinct facies differently, indicating that primary sedimentary processes and architecture govern the distribution of permeability heterogeneity in the LGV. Permeability data from outcrops exhibited median values up to three orders of magnitude higher than those from subsurface data. However, the same facies, and similar trends of relative porosity-permeability responses to the distinct facies, are observed between outcrops and borehole samples, highlighting sedimentology as an indispensable proxy for reservoir heterogeneity studies[...]
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Sidequersky, F. V. « QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SPEECH AND LIP MOVEMENTS THROUGH OPTOELECTRONIC MOTION ANALYSIS AND SURFACE ELETROMYOGRAPHY ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/215124.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Functional impairments of facial movements alter the quality of life, and their quantitative analysis is a key step in the description and grading of facial function and dysfunction. In this investigation we assessed the symmetry of lip movements in verbal and non-verbal movements in healthy subjects.
A non-invasive recording protocol, integrating an electromyographic system and an optoelectronic 3D-motion analyzer, has been developed and used to detect lip movements in verbal and non-verbal movements.
Two separate investigations have been made. In the first study, functional symmetries of the lip movements were assessed in a control group of clinically healthy subjects. Data were evaluated separately for men and women, and a gender-related effect was tested.
The aim of the second study was to assess the onset of the EMG activity of zygomaticus and depressor labii inferioris muscles that play a role in speech pronunciation and smiling movements.
The outcomes suggest that the proposed method could be a useful tool to evaluate the asymmetry of the lips and of the facial muscles during the performance of smiling, lip purse and speech pronunciation, and to detect functionally altered facial conditions.
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Misawa, Carina Kiomi Oushima. « Análise qualitativa e quantitativa de compostos de borracha destinados à fabricação de revestimentos de embreagem ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46136/tde-05062012-142038/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Neste trabalho foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para análise qualitativa e quantitativa de compostos de borracha destinados à fabricação de revestimentos de embreagem. Estes compostos são formados por um grande número de componentes, dentre os quais utilizam, além da base elastomérica, uma resina como agente de processo, agentes de vulcanização e diversas cargas, cada qual com uma função específica. Os sistemas elastoméricos são caracterizados por propriedades que podem ser afetadas pela adição ou remoção de algum ingrediente e também pelas variações em suas concentrações. Os compostos de borracha são confeccionados por uma empresa terceira; portanto, o desenvolvimento de uma variedade de ferramentas analíticas para monitoramento desses sistemas se torna essencial, uma vez que esses compostos são a base da formulação de um revestimento de embreagem. Para o desenvolvimento desta metodologia foram utilizadas as técnicas TG/DTG, FTIR, GC e EDXRF. Como primeira etapa do trabalho foi realizado um estudo exploratório e um estudo de pré-formulação para a caracterização qualitativa de cada matéria-prima no composto de borracha. Na segunda etapa do trabalho foram preparadas diversas amostras com concentrações conhecidas do componente a ser quantificado. Para a quantificação das cargas grafite e negro de fumo utilizou-se diretamente a técnica de TG/DTG. Para a quantificação dos demais componentes foram elaboradas curvas analíticas de resposta (FTIR, GC e EDXRF) vs. variação da concentração. Observou-se a existência de uma correlação forte/perfeita e positiva entre as variáveis e as equações obtidas apresentaram boa adequação ao modelo de regressão linear. As curvas analíticas possibilitaram determinar as concentrações dos componentes de teores desconhecidos.In this work it was developed a methodology for qualifying and quantifying rubber compounds destined for facings manufacture. These compounds are formed by a large number of components which use, beyond the elastomeric base, a resin that is used as a process agent, vulcanization agents and different fillers, each one with a specific function. The elastomeric systems are characterized by properties that could be affected by the addition or removal of some ingredient and also by variations in its concentration. The rubber compounds are produced by an outsourced company, so the development of a variety of analytical tools for monitoring these systems is essential, since these compounds are the basis of a facing formulation. For developing this methodology, TG/DTG, FTIR, GC and EDXRF were used as techniques. The first step was an exploratory and a pre-formulation study for a qualitative characterization of each raw material in rubber compound. In the second stage, several samples with known concentrations of the quantifying component were prepared. The quantification of graphite and carbon black was made directly by means of TG/DTG technique. For quantifying the other components, analytical curves of response (FTIR, GC and EDXRF) vs. variation of concentration were elaborated. A strong/perfect and positive correlation between the variables was observed and the equations presented good fit with the linear regression model. By means of the analytical curves it was possible to determine the amounts of unknown concentration rubber compounds.
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Lee, Ju Hun. « Quantitative analysis of facial reconstructive surgery : facial morphology and expression ». Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/30943.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The face is an integral part of one’s self-concept and unquestionably the most important attribute used to distinguish one's identity. A growing body of literature demonstrates that any condition that results in facial disfigurement can have a profound adverse impact on one's psychological and social functioning. In this respect, patients with facial disfigurements are at higher risk to experience psychosocial difficulties than others.
Owing to injuries or illnesses such as cancer, patients undergo reconstructive surgeries both to recover their facial function and to reduce the adverse impact of facial disfigurements on their psychosocial functioning. However, since surgical planning and evaluation of reconstructive outcomes still relies heavily on surgeons' qualitative assessments, it is challenging to measure surgery outcomes and, therefore, difficult to improve surgical practice.
Thus, this dissertation research aims to help patients suffering from facial disfigurement by developing quantitative measures that are 1) related to human perception of faces, and 2) that account for patient's internal status (i.e., psychosocial functioning). Such measures can be used to improve surgical practice and assist patients with disfigurement to be psychosocially adjusted. Specifically, this dissertation proposes quantitative measures of facial morphology and expression that are closely related to overall facial attractiveness and a patient's psychosocial functioning. Such measures will allow surgeons to quantitatively plan and evaluate reconstructive surgeries. In addition, this dissertation introduces a modeling technique to simulate disfigurement on novel faces with control on the type, location, and severity of disfigurement. This modeling technique is important since it can help patients with facial disfigurement gain a more accurate understanding of how they are viewed in society, which has a strong potential to facilitate their psychosocial adjustment.
This dissertation provides a new perspective on how to help patients with facial disfigurement address challenging problems in facial reconstruction, aesthetic understanding, and psychosocial actualization. It is hoped that this work has shown that multiple benefits could be realized from future studies utilizing the modeling technique to understand human perception of facial disfigurement and thereby to develop quantitative measures that are closely associated with human perception.text
Livres sur le sujet "Quantitative facies analysis"
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Zabelina, Ol'ga, Irina Omel'chenko, Anna Mayorova et Ekaterina Safonova. Human resource Development in the Digital Age : Strategic Challenges, Challenges, and Opportunities. ru : INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1243772.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The monograph, based on the identification of trends and problems of changes in the demand and supply of skills, as well as the study of modern mechanisms of their formation and actualization, substantiates the priority areas of human resources development in the Russian Federation that meet the strategic challenges of the period of digital transformation of the labor sphere.
The authors identify and systematize current and future trends related to changes in the demand for professions and skills in the Russian and global labor markets. The directions of transformation of the demand for skills and professions in the conditions of digitalization of the economy, skills and professions of the future are determined. Quantitative and qualitative imbalances and trends in labor supply and demand in the Russian labor market are identified (based on statistical analysis of data from 2009-2019). The features and problems of supply and demand of professions/skills in the segments of the Russian labor market covered by Internet recruitment are identified (based on data from resume parsing and vacancies of Internet recruitment portals in 2018 and 2020). Methodological approaches to identifying widely-and poorly-demanded skills are proposed and tested during the competence analysis of labor supply and demand using Big Data technologies.the competence profile of the vacancies of the professional core and extra - skills. An innovative author's approach to assessing the potential of skills capitalization — a possible increase in the salary of an applicant due to the expansion of the set of skills that he has-is proposed and tested. The current policy directions of formation and improvement of skills of the population in the Russian Federation are identified and systematized. The strategic challenges of the period of digital transformation of the labor sphere facing the Russian Federation and the priority areas of human resources development that meet these challenges are identified.
The conclusions and recommendations can be used in the work of the Ministry of Labor of Russia, Rostrud, the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, the Ministry of Education of Russia, government authorities, employment services of the Russian regions, as well as organizations of the professional education system.
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Diogo, Rui, et Sharlene E. Santana. Evolution of Facial Musculature. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0008.
Texte intégralRésumé :
We review the origin and evolution of the facial musculature of mammals and pay special attention to the complex relationships between facial musculature, color patterns, mobility, and social group size during the evolution of humans and other primates. In addition, we discuss the modularity of the human head and the assymetrical use of facial expressions, as well as the evolvability of the muscles of facial expression, based on recent developmental and comparative studies and the use of a powerful new quantitative tool: anatomical networks analysis. We emphasizes the remarkable diversity of primate facial structures and the fact that the number of facial muscles present in our species is actually not as high when compared to many other mammals as previously thought. The use of new tools, such as anatomical network analyses, should be further explored to compare the musculoskeletal and other features of humans across stages of development and with other animal to enable a better understanding of the evolution of facial expressions.
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Krawatzek, Félix. Interpreting Text as Discourse or Using Text as Data. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826842.003.0002.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter presents a new multi-level investigation of discourse that combines network analysis with qualitative content analysis. This book is the first to employ this method for multi-linguistic comparative research. The chapter first develops an understanding of discourse, which seeks to address some of the challenges discourse analysis has faced. It then describes the sources, the sampling procedure, the process of qualitative content analysis, and the logic of the applied coding scheme. A final section introduces details of the discourse network analysis, which combines the unique insight of qualitative interpretation, and the structural insights derived through the rigour of network analysis. This combination can pre-empt some of the concerns that critics have voiced about new quantitative approaches to analysing text. Its added value lies in the identification of clusters in the network, which point to discursive formations that structure meaning.
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Láruson, Áki Jarl, et Floyd Allan Reed. Population Genetics with R. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829539.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Population genetics is an inherently quantitative discipline. Because the focus of population genetics studies is usually on abstract concepts like the frequencies of genetic variants over time, it can at first glance be difficult to conceptualize and appropriately visualize. As more and more quantitative models and methods have become established in the discipline, it has become necessary for people just entering the field to quickly develop a good understanding of the many layers of complex approaches, so as to correctly interpret even basic results. An unfortunate side effect of the widespread implementation of ready-to-use quantitative software packages is that some facets of analysis can become rote, which at best might lead to implementation without the full understanding of the user and at worst, inappropriate application leading to misguided conclusions. In this book a “learning by doing” approach is employed to encourage readers to begin developing an intuitive understanding of population genetics concepts. The analytical software R, which has increasingly been the program of choice for early exposure to basic statistical programming, is freely available online, has cross-platform compatibility (Windows, Mac, and Linux all support distributions of R), and offers the potential for hands-on implementation by the students, in addition to using pre-packaged functions.
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Kabay, Sarah. Access, Quality, and the Global Learning Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896865.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Around the world, 250 million children cannot read, write, or perform basic mathematics. They represent almost 40 percent of all primary school-aged children. This situation has come to be called the “Global Learning Crisis,” and it is one of the most critical challenges facing the world today. Work to address this situation depends on how it is understood. Typically, the Global Learning Crisis and efforts to improve primary education are defined in relation to two terms: access and quality. This book is focused on the connection between them. In a mixed-methods case study, this book provides detailed, contextualized analysis of Ugandan primary education. As one of the first countries in sub-Saharan Africa to enact dramatic and far-reaching primary education policy, Uganda serves as a compelling case study. With both quantitative and qualitative data from over 400 Ugandan schools and communities, the book analyzes grade repetition, private primary schools, and school fees, viewing each issue as an illustration of the connection between access to education and education quality. This analysis finds evidence of a positive association, challenging a key assumption that there is a trade-off or disconnect between efforts to improve access to education and efforts to improve education quality. The book concludes that embracing the complexity of education systems and focusing on dynamics where improvements in access and quality can be mutually reinforcing can be a new approach for improving basic education in contexts around the world.
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Tir, Jaroslav, et Johannes Karreth. The Empirical Record of Highly Structured Intergovernmental Organizations and Armed Conflict Escalation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190699512.003.0004.
Texte intégralRésumé :
For a systematic, empirical test of this book’s main hypothesis, we develop a research design for a quantitative analysis of low-level armed conflicts. We define these conflicts as the occurrence of politically motivated violence resulting in at least twenty-five battle deaths. The analysis examines whether low-level armed conflict escalated to full-scale civil war and surpassed a threshold of 1,000 casualties. Since World War II, roughly one-third of more than 260 separate low-level armed conflicts have escalated to civil war. Analyzing systematic patterns among these conflicts, we find strong evidence favoring our hypothesis. Countries that belong to a larger number of highly structured intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) face a significantly lower risk that emerging low-level armed conflicts on their territories escalate to full-scale civil wars. The impact of a greater number of memberships in highly structured IGOs is substantial, cutting the risk of escalation by more than half.
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Hirsh, C. Elizabeth, et Patricia Louie. Legal Consciousness, Mobilization, and Discrimination Disputes at Work. Sous la direction de Adrienne J. Colella et Eden B. King. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199363643.013.19.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Engaging theories of legal consciousness, rights mobilization, and workplace conflict, we detail the factors that lead workers to mobilize their rights under US antidiscrimination laws and the obstacles that they face. Drawing on quantitative data from defendants in discrimination lawsuits as well as qualitative data from interviews with plaintiffs in discrimination cases, we examine how workers perceive the law, the meaning of discrimination, and their legal rights; what motivates workers to seek legal redress despite the seemingly insurmountable odds they face; and how workplace conditions affect workers’ willingness to use the law to solve workplace disputes. Analysis suggests that workers pursue litigation as a last resort, after multiple experiences of bias, with the hope of seeking formal validation of their experience and, ultimately, social change. Workforce composition, corporate culture, and access to workplace information are important contextual factors for the emergence of legal claims.
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Pereira, Erlândia Silva, et Rogério de Melo Costa Pinto. Rodas de Conversa Dialógicas : O processo de criação de uma metodologia de investigação e intervenção em saúde. Brazil Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-198-1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The present research constitutes as a research-intervention carried out with Control Agents of Zoonoses (CCZ) - Dengue Control Program. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention of the Dialogical Conversation Wheels for refinement of the perception of Quality of Life of these workers. In the midst of this, the variations of the perception of the Quality of Life by the participants when inserted in the Wheels are identified. For that, the WHOQOL-bref instrument is used to collect quantitative data related to the Quality of Life of the research subjects, and the Dialogical Conversation Wheels as a tool for collecting qualitative data and also as a mediating space between the questionnaire and the workers. The methodology used thus involves both the quantitative and content analysis of these data, as well as an analysis of the workers' discourse from their speeches in the Dialogical Conversation Wheels, in which the researcher appropriates a Freirean look to carry out the discussion, which presents the speech of the participants of the Wheels itself in an elucidatory and explanatory way. . From the analysis of the four domains evaluated by the WHOQOL-breaf: Physical, Psychological, Social and Environmental, what can be perceived about the differences of scores (percentage) between the moments of the research, is, firstly, that there is a significant change in the perception of QV between at least two of the moments, which is expressed between moments 0 and 1, with the realization of five wheels between them.The main result that can be perceived concerns the fact that the Dialogical Conversation Wheel fulfills its objective, as the aspects related to quality of life are discussed, the return to the questionnaire is carried out in a more reflective way, in which the instrument itself can approach the reality of these people. It is also explicit that it is not any group that allows us to refine the perception about quality of life, since the Wheel of Dialogic Conversation is organized in such a way as to provide reception, encounters / confrontations of the subjects with the other, in a singular way, with himself, facing the stagnation and the massification of his daily life to denaturalize what is constructed as his life.
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Sil, Rudra. Triangulating Area Studies, Not Just Methods. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190846374.003.0013.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter revisits trade-offs that qualitative researchers face when balancing the different expectations of area studies and disciplinary audiences. One putative solution to such trade-offs, mixed-method research, emphasizes the triangulation of quantitative and qualitative methods. CAS, as defined above, essentially encourages a different form of triangulation—the pooling of observations and interpretations across a wider array of cases spanning multiple areas. This kind of triangulation can be facilitated by cross-regional contextualized comparison, a middle-range approach that stands between area-bound qualitative research and (Millean) macro-comparative analysis that brackets out context in search of causal laws. Importantly, this approach relies upon an area specialist’s sensibilities and experience to generate awareness of local complexities and context conditions for less familiar cases. The examples of cross-regional contextualized comparison considered in this chapter collectively demonstrate that engagement with area studies scholarship and the pursuit of disciplinary knowledge can be a positive-sum game.
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Wagner-Havlicek, Carina, et Harald Wimmer, dir. Werbe- und Kommunikationsforschung II. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748927327.
Texte intégralRésumé :
For decades, market, communication and advertising impact research has been providing important insights for both the economy and for advertising and media agencies. This book contains a compact overview of the different methods of research on advertising effectiveness and communication. In its individual chapters, these methods are described in detail, their respective advantages and disadvantages are explained, concrete examples of their application in market, advertising impact and communication research are shown in practice and a conclusion is drawn about each one. Adding to the publication’s first volume, this book describes some standard methods, such as qualitative and quantitative content analysis and some experiments. In addition to elaborating on the basics of sampling and sampling errors, it also explains semiotics, facial coding, mystery shopping, test markets, mobile research, creative as well as non-reactive methods and social media monitoring. The book concludes with an article on panels. With contributions by Chiara Brammer, Alena Ehrenberger, Johanna Erd, Barbara Hackl, Teresa Häring, Philip Hagen, Isabella Henninger, Lisa-Marie Hochsteger, Markus Hofstätter, Larissa Kaiser, Barbara Klinser-Kammerzelt, Tina Montibeller, Daniela Janine Pulz, Jürgen Resch, Christine Schmid, Verena Simlinger, Carina Wagner-Havlicek and Harald Wimmer.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Quantitative facies analysis"
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Falkner, A., et C. Fielding. « Quantitative Facies Analysis of Coal-Bearing Sequences in the Bowen Basin, Australia : Applications to Reservoir Description ». Dans The Geological Modelling of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs and Outcrop Analogues, 81–97. Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444303957.ch4.
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Ma, Y. Z. « Geostatistical Modeling of Facies ». Dans Quantitative Geosciences : Data Analytics, Geostatistics, Reservoir Characterization and Modeling, 435–69. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17860-4_18.
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Ma, Y. Z. « Facies and Lithofacies Classifications from Well Logs ». Dans Quantitative Geosciences : Data Analytics, Geostatistics, Reservoir Characterization and Modeling, 231–54. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17860-4_10.
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Ma, Y. Z. « Generating Facies Probabilities by Integrating Spatial and Frequency Analyses ». Dans Quantitative Geosciences : Data Analytics, Geostatistics, Reservoir Characterization and Modeling, 255–76. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17860-4_11.
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Ortega, Marcos, Linda Brodo, Manuele Bicego et Massimo Tistarelli. « On the Quantitative Estimation of Short-Term Aging in Human Faces ». Dans Image Analysis and Processing – ICIAP 2009, 575–84. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04146-4_62.
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Little, Daniel. « Causation in the Social Realm ». Dans Texts in Quantitative Political Analysis, 11–35. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12982-7_2.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractExplanation is at the center of scientific research, and explanation almost always involves the discovery of causal relations among factors, conditions, or events. This is true in the social sciences no less than in the natural sciences. But social causes look quite a bit different from causes of natural phenomena. They result from the choices and actions of numerous individuals rather than fixed natural laws, and the causal pathways that link antecedents to consequents are less exact than those linking gas leaks to explosions. It is, therefore, a crucial challenge for the philosophy of social science to give a compelling account of causal reasoning about social phenomena that does justice to the research problems faced by social scientists.
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Janda, Jan. « Quantitative Analysis of the Relative Local Speech Rate ». Dans Cross-Modal Analysis of Speech, Gestures, Gaze and Facial Expressions, 368–76. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03320-9_34.
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Mahl, Daniela, et Lars Guenther. « Content Analysis in the Research Field of Environmental & ; Climate Change Coverage ». Dans Standardisierte Inhaltsanalyse in der Kommunikationswissenschaft – Standardized Content Analysis in Communication Research, 203–12. Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36179-2_18.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractIn the study of climate and environmental communication, content analysis—in all its many facets—has been used numerous times and in various ways. This chapter provides an overview of common research designs and (combinations of) methods, showing that a variety of approaches have been applied, ranging from qualitative, to quantitative, to automated content analyses. In addition, we identify the main constructs employed in media content analyses—with issue attention, actors and sources, framing, uncertainty, or visual representations being of primary concern. Finally, we outline research desiderata that should be considered in future studies.
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Chen, Yen-Wei, Takayuki Fukui, Xu Qiao, Takanori Igarashi, Keisuke Nakao et Akio Kashimoto. « Multi-angle View, Illumination and Cosmetic Facial Image Database (MaVIC) and Quantitative Analysis of Facial Appearance ». Dans Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 411–20. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89689-0_45.
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Gong, Bing. « Quantitative Analysis Technology of Classroom Teaching Based on Facial Expression Recognition Technology and Attention Analysis Technology ». Dans Proceedings of the 2022 3rd International Conference on Big Data and Informatization Education (ICBDIE 2022), 884–92. Dordrecht : Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-034-3_91.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Quantitative facies analysis"
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Montero, J., N. M. Mountney, L. C. Colombera, N. Y. Yan et A. C. Comunian. « Application of Quantitative Analysis of Fluvial Sedimentary Architecture to Improved Facies and Reservoir Modelling Workflows ». Dans 79th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2017. Netherlands : EAGE Publications BV, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201700990.
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Manzuk, Ryan, Devdigvijay Singh, Akshay Mehra et Adam C. Maloof. « A HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION, MULTISPECTRAL MACRO-IMAGER FOR QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF FACIES AND FOSSIL ASSEMBLAGES ». Dans GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-367827.
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Xie, Deyi, James R. Wood et Wayne D. Pennington. « Quantitative seismic facies analysis for thin‐bed reservoirs : A case study of the central Boonsville Field, Fort Worth Basin, North‐central Texas ». Dans SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2004. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1851126.
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Alcantara, Ricardo, Luis Humberto Santiago, Ilse Paola Melquiades, Blanca Estefani Ruiz, Jorge Ricardez, Cesar Israel Mendez et Victor Mercado. « Coupling Numerical Dynamic Models of PTA and RTA with Detailed Geological Models Integrating Quantitative Analysis, Using Rock Physics, Seismic Inversion and Nonlinear Techniques in Siliciclastic Reservoirs ». Dans SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215245-ms.
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Abstract The study area comprises an oil play with numerous opportunities, identifying sandstone sequences with proven potential. The main sequence was deposited in the Upper Miocene within a transitional environment (external neritic), resulting in the formation of bars in deltaic facies and channels, which represents an excellent quality and lateral extension of the storage rock, but also complexity due to internal variability. The trap is structural with closure against faults, formed in an extensive tectonic regime giving rise to normal faulting and increasing the degree of complexity for the characterization of the reservoirs. Seismic data have accurate information about these characteristics, however, it is insufficient to solve the variability in the vertical scale, so incorporating all the information obtained in the wells through seismic inversion is essential when characterizing highly heterogeneous reservoirs with thin thickness. Furthermore, the geostatistical inversion combines Bayesian inference with a sampling algorithm called Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) that allows incorporating all the information from well logs, geological information, geostatistical parameters, and seismic data, generating models that honor the input data (Hameed et al., 2011). Additionally, the method provides a solution to the problem of non-uniqueness of the results, based on a statistical distribution of the multiple realizations derived from the initial model. This work proposes a flow that integrates quantitative analysis, establishing a direct link between seismic measurements and well logs, which additionally, when combined with non-linear techniques such as geostatistical seismic inversion, can minimize the differences in scales, obtaining better models, more predictive and with quantification of uncertainty. The static workflow used consists of 6 main components: Pre-stacked gather conditioning, curve modeling by rock physics (Vp, Vs and Rho), geostatistical seismic inversion (impedance P, Vp/Vs ratio, density), determination of facies cubes (oil-sand, brine-sand and shale) and petrophysical properties (Vcl, Phie, permeability) using a robust algorithm combining Bayesian inference and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), quantification of uncertainty and volumetric estimation by ranking multiple realizations (P10, P50, P90) and transfer to a geological mesh (upscaling) ready for numerical simulation without the use of typical extrapolation algorithms such as kriging or Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGS), managing to minimize the scale differences, obtaining better models, more predictive and capable of estimating uncertainty. With the results obtained, redefined geo-bodies were extracted, already discretizing the sandstones with good rock quality from the sandstones with good rock quality and bearing hydrocarbons to have greater precision in the development of these fields. Subsequently, the dynamic information was coupled to analyze the existing Pressure Transient Analyses (PTA) that have identified pseudo-steady state and the Rate Transient Analyses (RTA) to numerically model the response, checking the volumes obtained previously. Additionally, a benchmarking was considered with more than 590 oil producing fields in siliciclastics worldwide, considering the main properties of the fluid, porosity, facies and depositional environments and drive mechanisms, thus identifying new development opportunities with less uncertainty.
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Das, Prabal S., Satyabrata Nayak, Trisakti Kurniawan et Azwari Huslan B Mohd. « Deliberate Search for Stratigraphic Traps : A Success Story from Sabah Offshore ». Dans International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-22846-ea.
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Extended Abstract Abstract This article briefly discusses the workflow through which a gas discovery was made within the Late Miocene interval (Lower and Upper Stage IVD) from the structurally down-flank of a three-way fault closure, where previously an unsuccessful campaign was carried out in the structurally higher location. The causes for the failure were attributed to reservoir absence and trap incompetency. An attempt was made to understand the causes of facies variations and their limits through an integrated sequence stratigraphic approach. This model was further concretized through post-stack attributes where the limits of the seismic facies were prominent. A quantitative interpretation (QI) study coupled with forward modelling helped de-risk the reservoir presence and fluid types. Rock physics modelling work, including shear log prediction, rock property modelling, depth -trend analysis, followed by simultaneous inversion and sand probability volume generation, reveals that the deeper part of Upper Stage IVD and Lower Stage IVD intervals were shale-out and pinch-out, respectively, for the earlier campaign. Likewise, sand-dominated facies are likely at the down-dip for both intervals with an effective lateral seal up-dip (due to facies change and pinch out). Finally, this integration led to a hydrocarbon discovery in a previously written-off fault block and proved a potential stratigraphic trap presence in this area. The well encountered 50 m of net gas-bearing sand within both intervals. This approach could further facilitate exploring stratigraphic play (s) in a similar geological setup.
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Xiao, Dengyi, Guangcheng Hu, Qunli Qi, Min Zhao, Hanzhou Fan, Li Wang, Xin Chen et al. « Reservoir Characteristics and Integrated Method to Illustrate Mishrif Stratigraphic Prospect in Western UAE ». Dans ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211646-ms.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract As a unique stratigraphic prospect of UAE, the carbonate Mishrif Formation in NN Field is composed of 15-25 m thick rudist grainstone that formed in a shoal environment. The effective reservoir is bounded by inter-shoal packstone-wackestone. Combination of porous reservoir and non-porous baffles indicate high heterogeneity caused by rapid changes in deposition. Current exploration and drilling proposal are precluded due to the ambiguous understanding on reservoir anisotropy and dim-identification from seismic due to the thin reservoir thickness. To mitigate the challenge from reservoir identification, Mishrif whole core was collected and the following analysis performed: thin section description, porosity and permeability (RCA), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and mercury injection (MICP). The subsurface analysis of the Mishrif reservoir was augmented with litho-facies identification, sedimentary facies recognition, and diagenetic history. Paleogeography was integrated with sequence stratigraphy to predict possible reservoir distribution. Sequence stratigraphy focused on identifying the 4th order sequence interfaces such as first flooding surface (FFS), maximum flooding surface (MFS), and sequence boundaries (SQ). Subsequently, the paleogeomorphology of oil-bearing zone was conducted, and a method using two crucial sequence surfaces was optimized after comparing impression and residual thickness methods. Meanwhile, to quantitatively characterize this set of oil-bearing units, AVO and Pre-stack inversion was implemented to predict reservoir distribution and fluid habitat. The integrated study revealed that the Mishrif reservoir quality is controlled by original depositional facies and diagenetic processes. The rudist grainstone was shoal-related with deposition on a paleo-geographic high and originally high porosity and excellent pore-connectivity. The subsequent fresh water leaching and dissolution contributed to improvement of pore structure. In contrast, the inter-shoal limestone contains higher micrite deposited in slightly deeper water, due to lower porosity it resisted the weathering procedure. To overcome the challenge of thin reservoir thickness, selection of key surfaces which are used to construct the paleo-geographic configuration would be quite crucial. And the identification of such surfaces only from seismic would be of high uncertainty. Finally, the dual-interface method was adopted to delineate the paleogeomorphology of oil-bearing zone. This illustration of paleogeography displayed high similarity to the reservoir quantitatively derived from AVO and Pre-stack inversion, which improved reservoir prediction. This integrated method from core-based reservoir recognition, sequence-driven paleogeography, as well as quantitative AVO and Pre-stack inversion provides new insight to study heterogeneous carbonates and reduce uncertainty for thin reservoir prediction.
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Hermawan Manuaba, Ida Bagus Gede, Mohammad Jad Kareem, Mustafa Al Mubarak et Gagok Santoso. « The Borehole Properties Analysist Using Advanced Algorithms and Automatic Inversion ». Dans International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-22731-ea.
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Abstract The study is based on multi well analysist drilled side by side in carbonate reservoir using high-resolution resistivity image. The objective is to define reservoir characterization, facies architecture, heterogeneity, and connectivity between two wells that is ready for reservoir modeling. The methods presented in this paper are using an automatic inversion and advanced algorithm to generate matrix conductivity images and curves, histogram, analyses rock texture heterogeneities, quantify fluid filled vugs density from high resolution borehole images, fast extraction of dips (beds, fractures), delineate planar features crossing deviated borehole over long distances, extract fracture traces and statistics. More than 3,000 picks of boundaries and fractures were found in a 3,300 ft horizontal length. Those divided into 6 different categories (Bed Boundary, Conductive Fracture, Discontinuous Conductive Fracture, Resistive Fracture, Litho-Bound Fracture, and Vugular fracture). Using high-definition imaging-while-drilling service provides supreme logging-while-drilling (LWD) imaging for reservoir description, from structural modeling, sedimentology analysis, image-based porosity determination and thin-bed analysis. The presence of heterogeneity in carbonates poses a challenge for the characterization of such rocks. The identification of textural variations advanced techniques in borehole image analysis have been applied and presented good results that determine secondary porosity and litho-facies, and, moreover, delivered new insight into previously established interpretations of the reservoir. The data comparison and validation to other measurement show a significant relationship to bring the value even beyond. By using an automatic inversion, the geological interpretation can be constantly delivered around the clock with higher consistency with the number of feature variation. It has been demonstrated that with the advanced analysis, microelectrical borehole images can provide quantitative measures of important reservoir parameters. Accuracy and consistency have been greatly improved since the introduction of microelectrical borehole image logging and subsequent automatic interpretation workflows.
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Xu, Chicheng, Yuchen Jin, Tao Lin, Weichang Li, Yaser Alzayer et Zainab Ibrahim. « Machine Learning Assisted Petrophysical and Geochemical Reservoir Description Integrating Multi-Scale Well Data ». Dans SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214963-ms.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Qualitative visual observations of depositional and diagenetic features in core are routinely recorded by geoscientists for geological environment interpretation and reservoir characterization. Quantitative core plug measurements that are typically acquired from laboratory often results in spatially discrete data points. This work applies image analysis and machine learning (ML) workflow to develop continuous reservoir property profiles along the cored interval capitalizing on both discrete core measurements and core visual characteristics. We introduce a ML assisted workflow that converts core photos into continuous quantitative features that can be integrated with routine core analysis and well logs for integrated reservoir characterization. Visual rock types (VRT) and their associated properties can be predicted based on the quantitative attributes of core photos such as color, brightness, and texture variations by using ML algorithms such as k-means clustering and support vector machine. We applied the workflow to characterize unconventional reservoirs based on multi-scale well data from the Eagle Ford Shale USA including core photos, core gamma ray, core plug measurements of petrophysical and geochemical properties, and well logs. Inclusion of quantitative, continuous, and high-resolution image attributes significantly enhanced the accuracy of both facies classification and total organic carbon (TOC) prediction. The accuracy of both classification and regression outperformed the benchmark that only used well log data which proves its practical value in reservoir characterization. Successful prediction of reservoir properties from core photos can lead to increased data coverage and resolution to enhance reservoir characterization and reduce the cost associated with destructive tests.
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Waqas, Muhammad, Lian Hou, Jahan Zeb Ahmed, Santan Kumar, Shraddha Chatterjee, Nathaly Vargas, Julio Tavares et al. « Rock Physics Modelling and Stochastic Seismic Inversion to Predict Reservoir Properties and Quantify Uncertainties of a Complex Upper Jurassic Carbonate Reservoir From Offshore Abu Dhabi ». Dans SPE Reservoir Characterisation and Simulation Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212672-ms.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract The need to understand field-scale reservoir heterogeneity using seismic data requires implementing advanced solutions such as stochastic seismic inversion to go beyond the resolution of seismic data. Conventional seismic inversion techniques provide relatively low-resolution reservoir properties but do not provide quantitative estimates of the subsurface uncertainties. The objective of this study was to carry out a facies dependent geostatistical seismic inversion to generate multi-realization reservoir properties to improve the geological understanding of the two adjacent offshore fields in Abu Dhabi. An integrated approach of rock physics modelling and geostatistical inversion followed by porosity co-simulation was undertaken to characterize the spatially varying lithofacies and porosity of the complex carbonate reservoirs. Necessary checks to ensure highest quality data input included: 1) Rock physics modelling and shear sonic prediction 2) Invasion correction and production effect correction of elastic logs 3) Seismic feasibility analysis to define seismic facies and 4) Six angle stacks optimally defined to preserve AVO/AVA signature followed by AVO/AVA compliant post-stack processing. Subsequently, the joint facies driven geostatistical inversion was conducted to invert for multiple realizations high-resolution lithofacies and elastic rock properties. Finally, porosity was co-simulated and later ranked to map important geological variations. Based on the rock physics analysis, a 4 facies classification scheme (Porous Calcite, Porous Dolomite, Tight Calcite-Dolomite and Anhydrite) was adopted and used as input in the joint facies-elastic inversion. Before the geostatistical inversion, a deterministic inversion was performed that helped in refining the horizon interpretation of the surfaces used as a framework for the inversion. In geostatistical inversion, results are guided by variograms, facies, prior probability density functions, wells, inversion grid and seismic data quality. At start of the joint inversion, the parameters for inversion are defined in an unconstrained fashion aiming to obtain unbiased parameters which are blind to well control. Finally, using elastic properties constrained at the well locations, the joint geostatistical inversion was run to obtain multiple realizations of P-impedance, S-impedance, density and lithofacies. The cross-correlation between seismic and inverted synthetics was high across the whole area for all the partial angle stacks, with the lowest cross-correlation observed in the far angle stack. Lithofacies and elastic properties were used to co-simulate for porosity. The porosity results were then ranked to provide the P10, P50 and P90 models to be used for reservoir property model building. This study is an example of stochastically generating geologically consistent reservoir properties through high-resolution seismically constrained inversion results at 1ms vertical sampling. Lithofacies and elastic properties were jointly inverted, and co-simulated porosity results provided insights into high-resolution reservoir heterogeneity analysis through the ranking of equiprobable multiple realizations.
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Gou, Patrick, Raja Azlan Raja Ismail, Florence Yuen, Nadia Zulkifli, Randy Peter Hee, Paul van der Vegt, Benard Ralphie et Fazideen Hassan. « Deciphering the Record of the Sun-Earth Dance in Well Logs : The Extra-Terrestrial Imprint and its Application to High-Resolution Stratigraphy and Well Correlation in South Furious Field, Offshore North Sabah ». Dans Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31567-ms.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract South Furious is an oilfield in the Inboard Belt offshore North Sabah with oil production since 1979. The field is heavily faulted and compartmentalized, making it structurally complex and challenging for development. It is believed that the field has a low recovery factor, despite having a relatively large oil in-place volume reported. Its highly-heterogenous Stage IVA reservoir with thin sand-shale intercalations, and poor seismic imaging quality make stratigraphic interpretation and well correlations highly uncertain. Recognizing the limitations of conventional methods for well correlation in South Furious, SEA Hibiscus decided to take a quantitative approach on the existing well logs itself, particularly the gamma ray (GR) curve. This data-driven approach is a shift from the unsuccessful model-based method. Cyclostratigraphic analysis using CycloLog works on the principle that extra-terrestrial forces described by the Milankovitch Cycles have a huge influence on sedimentation processes, and its record are preserved in the well logs that we acquire while drilling, although not always obvious without the proper quantitative approach. This high-resolution stratigraphic method allows the detection of cyclic signals in facies-sensitive wireline logs (e.g., gamma ray), including subtle ones, and at resolutions that are equivalent to 4th to 6th Order stratigraphic cycles. Utilizing the Integrated Prediction Error Filter Analysis (INPEFA), geological breaks or events are quantitatively and objectively identified. Cyclostratigraphic and climate stratigraphy concepts as described by Perlmutter and Matthews (1990) and Nio (2005) form the basis of this analysis, which is an evolution of traditional sequence stratigraphic concepts. Results from the 10 pilot wells in South Furious show dramatic improvements in the stratigraphic correlation resolution, particularly in the deeper/older sections, allowing correlations to be made across different fault block segments, previously nearly impossible. With the ongoing inclusion of more wells to the cyclostratigraphic study and future plans to integrate independent chemostratigraphic data, a more robust stratigraphic framework for the field would be established. Results from the current study prove that the cyclostratigraphic method allows objective, quantitative and data-driven stratigraphic well correlations to be made from a systematic and quantitative review of existing well logs, without additional rock sampling or measurement, and in a cost-effective manner. Geoscientists should always be receptive to new ways of working, including utilizing data and techniques that have origins outside mainstream geoscience.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Quantitative facies analysis"
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Knight, R. D., et H. A. J. Russell. Quantifying the invisible : pXRF analyses of three boreholes, British Columbia and Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331176.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) technology collects geochemical data at a fraction of the cost of traditional laboratory methods. Although the pXRF spectrometer provides concentrations for 41 elements, only a subset of these elements meet the criteria for definitive, quantitative, and qualitative data. However, high-quality pXRF data obtained by correct application of analytical protocols, can provide robust insight to stratigraphy and sediment characteristics that are often not observed by, for example, visual core logging, grain size analysis, and geophysical logging. We present examples of geochemical results obtained from pXRF analysis of drill core samples from three boreholes located in Canada, that demonstrate: 1) Definitive stratigraphic boundaries observed in geochemical changes obtained from 380 analyses collected over 150 m of core, which intersects three Ordovician sedimentary formations and Precambrian granite. These boundaries could not be reconciled by traditional visual core logging methods. 2) Significant elemental concentration changes observed in 120 samples collected in each of two ~120 m deep boreholes located in a confined paleo-glacial foreland basin. The collected geochemical data provide insight to sediment provenance and stratigraphic relationships that were previously unknown. 3) Abrupt changes in the geochemical signature in a subset of 135 samples collected from a 151 m deep borehole intersecting Quaternary glacial derived till, sands, and ahomogeneous silt and clay succession. These data provide a platform for discussion on ice sheet dynamics, changes in depositional setting, and changes in provenance. Results from each of these studies highlights previously unknown (invisible) geological information revealed through geochemical analyses. A significant benefit of using pXRF technology is refining sampling strategies in near real time and the ability to increase sample density at geochemical boundaries with little increase in analysis time or budget. The data also provide an opportunity to establish a chemostratigraphic framework that complements other stratigraphic correlation techniques, including geophysical methods. Overall, data collected with pXRF technology provide new insights into topics such as spatial correlations, facies changes, provenance changes, and depositional environment changes.
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Kibret, Alemu Kassaw, Getachew Azeze Eriku et Melisew Mekie Yitayal. Challenges and opportunities of adopting online learning at the University of Gondar : Lecturers’ and higher officials’ perspectives. Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College, décembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/mcf-eli.i7.
Texte intégralRésumé :
E-learning is the use of the internet and ICT to access learning material, interact with the content, instructor, and learners, and acquire knowledge. Education has grown rapidly and transformed the present isolated, teacher-center face-to-face education into online. Despite the impact of e-Learning, there are many challenges in adopting and implementing it in higher education. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to investigate the perspective of lectures, challenges, and opportunities of adopting online learning. The study conducted institutional-based mixed quantitative and qualitative study designs at the University of Gondar from June to October 2022. Simple random sampling techniques were employed to select study participants for the quantitative study and purposive sampling was used to select higher officials for an in-depth interview. A structured self-administered and in-depth interview guide questionnaire was used for the quantitative and qualitative data respectfully. Linear regression analysis conducted for the quantitative data while inductive thematic analysis was undertaken for the qualitative data. Thirteen (13) higher officials were involved in an in-depth interview and 366 instructors participated in the quantitative study. The majority of participants believed that e-Learning is applicable. However, almost all participants agreed that the infrastructures are inadequate at the University of Gondar. Five main themes emerged from an inductive thematic analysis which includes: perceptions of adopting online learning, challenges of adopting online learning, opportunities of adopting online learning, strategies to overcome challenges, and higher officials’ willingness and support. Most instructors and all higher officials are willing and happy to adopt. Internet connectivity, electric power, computer access, and poor perception of instructors, students, and employees will be a challenge to adopting e-Learning. Capacity-building training for the instructors and supporting teams and fulfilling infrastructures for the successful implementation of e-Learning at the University of Gondar is recommended.
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Dempsey, Terri L. Handling the Qualitative Side of Mixed Methods Research : A Multisite, Team-Based High School Education Evaluation Study. RTI Press, septembre 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.mr.0039.1809.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Attention to mixed methods studies research has increased in recent years, particularly among funding agencies that increasingly require a mixed methods approach for program evaluation. At the same time, researchers operating within large-scale, rapid-turnaround research projects are faced with the reality that collection and analysis of large amounts of qualitative data typically require an intense amount of project resources and time. However, practical examples of efficiently collecting and handling high-quality qualitative data within these studies are limited. More examples are also needed of procedures for integrating the qualitative and quantitative strands of a study from design to interpretation in ways that can facilitate efficiencies. This paper provides a detailed description of the strategies used to collect and analyze qualitative data in what the research team believed to be an efficient, high-quality way within a team-based mixed methods evaluation study of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) high-school education. The research team employed an iterative approach to qualitative data analysis that combined matrix analyses with Microsoft Excel and the qualitative data analysis software program ATLAS.ti. This approach yielded a number of practical benefits. Selected preliminary results illustrate how this approach can simplify analysis and facilitate data integration.
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Akabas, Sharon, Erin Betley, Crystal Eustice, Laura Frost, Steven Gray, Rebecca Jordan, Anne Paxton, Amanda Sorensen et Eleanor J. Sterling. Systems Thinking Collection. American Museum of Natural History, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5531/cbc.ncep.0023.
Texte intégralRésumé :
More and more systems-related terms are emerging in the scientific literature, in curricula, and in popular media: systems thinking, systems approaches, systems analysis, systems dynamics, systems mapping, just to name a few. In an increasingly complex and interconnected world, thinking systemically can help us to understand, communicate, address, and educate about challenges we face. Systems thinking is both an approach to seeing the world in a way that makes connections and relationships more visible and improves our decision-making abilities, and a set of methods and tools. This current collection of materials includes a synthesis, exercises, and teacher guidance materials. The synthesis provides an overview of ways to think about systems and of systems thinking tools that can be useful to educators and learners in any discipline. The exercises leverage the content in the synthesis by focusing on two different systems thinking tools: a semi-quantitative modeling tool called Mental Modeler and stakeholder analysis. Students use Mental Modeler to explore the current dynamics of and links between corn and beef production in the United States and use stakeholder analysis to explore a suite of issues ranging from public health initiatives like food labeling to human rights abuses in the fisheries industry. These exercises are the initial building blocks for a broader collection currently under development.
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Bielinskyi, Andrii O., Oleksandr A. Serdyuk, Сергій Олексійович Семеріков, Володимир Миколайович Соловйов, Андрій Іванович Білінський et О. А. Сердюк. Econophysics of cryptocurrency crashes : a systematic review. Криворізький державний педагогічний університет, décembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/6974.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cryptocurrencies refer to a type of digital asset that uses distributed ledger, or blockchain technology to enable a secure transaction. Like other financial assets, they show signs of complex systems built from a large number of nonlinearly interacting constituents, which exhibits collective behavior and, due to an exchange of energy or information with the environment, can easily modify its internal structure and patterns of activity. We review the econophysics analysis methods and models adopted in or invented for financial time series and their subtle properties, which are applicable to time series in other disciplines. Quantitative measures of complexity have been proposed, classified, and adapted to the cryptocurrency market. Their behavior in the face of critical events and known cryptocurrency market crashes has been analyzed. It has been shown that most of these measures behave characteristically in the periods preceding the critical event. Therefore, it is possible to build indicators-precursors of crisis phenomena in the cryptocurrency market.
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Owusu, Samuel Ening, et Bahman Peyravi. The Impact of Trade Policies on International Marketing Strategies. Vilnius Business College, septembre 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57005/ab.2024.1.3.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study explores the dynamic interplay between trade rules and worldwide marketing tactics, with the goal of elucidating the varied influence of global economic regulations on multinational firms. The research takes a mixed-methods approach, focusing on various industries and geographical locations and includes qualitative studies of trade regulations as well as quantitative assessments of their consequences for marketing tactics. The extensive literature analysis establishes a theoretical framework by investigating how tariff reductions, non-tariff obstacles, and free trade agreements affect market entrance tactics, supply chain resilience, and digital marketing adaptations. The study investigates the changing character of trade policies, recognizing their temporal and spatial dynamics, and evaluating their impact on enterprises of various sizes. The study design is guided by ethical concerns, which ensure the confidentiality of sensitive information and obtaining participants' informed consent. The research intends to provide significant insights on the flexibility of worldwide marketing strategies in the face of changing trade environments by admitting potential limits and offering a comprehensive schedule and budget. The intended outcomes include contributions to academic knowledge and practical applications that will assist firms, governments, and stakeholders in managing the difficulties of the worldwide economy. In all, this study adds to the current discussion about the junction of trade policy and international marketing, encouraging a better knowledge of the difficulties and possibilities in today's linked and ever-changing global economy.
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Kang’oro, Dorothy, Fidele Ngerero et Ignatius Odongo. Using Digital Technologies to Improve Tax Collection – the Case of Togo. Institute of Development Studies, octobre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2023.054.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The increasing digitalisation of African economies over the past decade, and the spread of mobile money and digital financial services (DFS), has given both opportunities and challenges to tax administrations in Africa. In theory, the use of digital technologies and expanded use of DFS can provide tax administrations with access to extensive new digitised data, increase transparency, and make the overall taxpayer experience easier. All this can ultimately improve the tax administration’s performance. However, studies show that tax administrations face important challenges in how to best develop their capacity to use digitised data, and to re-align operations and skills to new digitalised operating models. This paper is a policy-oriented qualitative study focusing on Togo. Like several African tax administrations, in 2014 the Office Togolais des Recettes (OTR) embarked on digital transformation. It invested in digital technologies, including e-Services such as Tmoney and Flooz, which were developed with telecom companies and banks. Our paper aims to provide more quantitative and qualitative evidence on enablers and inhibitors to adopting digital technologies and DFS, which will help African tax administrations to fully use their capabilities. We carried out inductive content analysis on qualitative data from key informant interviews and focus group discussions with key stakeholders. We also conducted online surveys of taxpayers from large and medium-sized enterprises. We triangulated the data from online surveys with data from the qualitative methodology to provide an objective analysis of the benefits of implementing digital technologies and DFS. We identified the independent variables and drivers that are critical to achieving OTR’s objectives for implementing digital technologies and DFS, and the dependent variables representing outcomes relating to OTR’s goals. Using survey data, we developed a regression model assessing the association between the drivers and outcomes, grouping them into key outcomes.
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Chiang, Lisa, Mary-Anne Wallwork et Lauren D. Terzis. Utilising a Collaborative Approach Between the Counselling and Health Clinics Teams for a Student Intern-led Wellbeing Check-in Service : A Program Evaluation. Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Student Services Association, septembre 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30688/janzssa.2024-2-03.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The demand for mental health support in universities is on the rise and university services are struggling to keep up. Being able to provide appropriate support and counselling services in a timely manner is crucial to support students in engaging with and managing their university studies. The Griffith University Student Health, Counselling and Wellbeing team, in collaboration with Griffith Health Clinics, has implemented a student intern-led, interdisciplinary, cross-departmental, and iterative program to support students’ wellbeing while awaiting formal counselling services. Universities are increasingly recognising the need to capture the student voice, contextualising students as both end users and stakeholders in services. Moreover, the student-led approach is a student partnership methodology that brings multifaceted benefits. An evaluation of the Wellbeing Check-In (WCI) program was conducted through qualitative and quantitative data analyses. Important insights were revealed into the benefits and challenges that counselling and social work interns faced in supporting students. Findings include opportunities within the program for professional development, benefits to both student interns and clients, challenges for service improvement, and logistical feedback to improve the program. Further, the ability to drive the student-led approach and the satisfaction of providing altruistic peer support were found to be memorable experiences for the interns. The WCI program has proven to be valuable in the timely support of students’ wellbeing as they await their counselling appointment, whilst also supporting the skill development of interns.
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Bradford, John, Caroline Havrilla, Jessica Hartsell, Daniel Schlaepfer, Molly McCormick, Seth Munson, Charles Yackulic et al. Southeast Utah Group climate and drought adaptation report : Exposure and perennial grass sensitivity. National Park Service, juillet 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2293951.
Texte intégralRésumé :
National Park Service (NPS) managers face growing challenges resulting from the effects of climate change. In particular, as temperatures rise in coming decades, natural resource management in the western United States must cope with expectations for elevated severity and frequency of droughts. These challenges are particularly pronounced for vegetation managers in dryland environments. Developing adaptive strategies requires specific information about the expected magnitude of change in climate and drought conditions as well as insights into how those changes will affect important vegetation resources. This report describes research focused on Southeast Utah Group (SEUG) park units designed to provide information about exposure and sensitivity of perennial grasses to aridification. Analyses at larger regional scales are also reported for context and comparison. This report is a product of an ongoing climate adaptation collaboration between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), NPS, and Northern Arizona University. The study it summarizes contributes quantitative ingredients for vulnerability assessments that are needed in the Climate-Smart Conservation framework. As such, the results informed a series of climate adaptation workshops conducted between 2018 and 2021 for Colorado Plateau scientists and managers. This is a giant step forward in science-informed management. The information in this report can be used to craft management strategies that can be implemented at the right place and time for individual species of concern.
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Namada, Juliana Mulaa, et Bernadatte Kamene Kiarie. Towards Authentic Online Assessment of Learner Performance at United States International University-Africa (USIU-Africa). Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College, décembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/mcf-eli.i4.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Achieving authentic learner assessment is not an easy task. Online teaching and learning require assessment of both formative and summative assessment. The combination of the two types of assessments facilitates measurement of learning outcomes, application of knowledge, metacognition through reflection and self-assessment, interaction through collaborative activities, creation of new knowledge and achievement of higher order thinking which is a daunting task to many organizations. This study focused on moving towards achievement of authentic online assessment of learner performance. It sought to achieve five research questions including establishing the status of online assessment, determining digital tools used on online assessment, finding out the factors which affect exam credibility, examining the extent to which formative assessment contributes to authentic learner assessment and establishing the extent to which summative assessment contributes to authentic learner assessment. The study adopted a mixed method approach which collected and analyzed both qualitative and quantitative data. This triangulation approach facilitated complementarity of the data to adequately interrogate the research questions. Data was collected from faculty members, chairs of departments and the dean for the Chandaria School of Business. Analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings indicate that the status of online assessment was based on the face-to-face approach, a variety of digital tools were being used in online assessment while several factors associated with learner and instructor support affected examination credibility. The study established that formative assessment contributed significantly and positively towards authentic learner assessment while summative assessment’s contribution to authentic learner assessment was dismal. This study concluded that educational technology tools facilitate learner assessment, and the online examination credibility is key to achieving better results. While both formative and summative assessments are important authentic assessments, more emphasis needs to be placed on formative assessment. The study recommends support to both the learners and the instructors. Specifically, the instructors need to be trained in assessment approaches which lead to authentic learner performance.