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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Psychoanalysis – Europe, German-speaking – History »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Psychoanalysis – Europe, German-speaking – History"

Naszkowska, Klara. « Psychoanalyst, Jew, Woman, Wife, Mother, Emigrant ». European Judaism 55, n^o 1 (1 mars 2022) : 112–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2022.550109.

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At least seventy-two first- and second-generation women psychoanalysts emigrated to the United States as Nazism came to dominate Europe. There – largely in Vienna, Berlin and Zurich – from the early 1900s to the beginning of the Second World War, they had been at the forefront of the psychoanalytic movement; after emigrating, they were decisive in shaping the development of Freudian theory and practice in the US. Their contributions notwithstanding, today they are neglected and at risk of being marginalised or falling into oblivion. Using both historical materials and personal-history documents, including memoirs, interviews, correspondence and personal communications, this article revives and reconstructs the individual and professional biographies of eight first-generation analysts – Frances Deri, Helene Deutsch, Salomea Gutmann-Isakower, Clara Happel, Karen Horney, Flora Kraus, Mira Oberholzer-Gincburg and Christine Olden – and focuses on their complex multiple identities as professional women (the Jewish New Women of their milieu), pioneers of psychoanalysis, Jews, refugees, German-speaking emigrants, mothers and more.

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Seidler, Christoph. « East goes West — West goes East : border crossing and development ». Group Analysis 52, n^o 2 (11 janvier 2019) : 172–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0533316418819957.

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In the aftermath of the Nazi era and the Second World War the ‘Bloodlands’ of Eastern Europe including Germany were left with a pervasive and significant loss of empathy. Robi Friedman speaks of the ‘Soldier’s Matrix’ (2015), in which dehumanizing dissociation increases, and empathy, guilt and shame disappear. In the GDR (German Democratic Republic)—under totalitarian and authoritarian conditions—this state of emotional deficit persisted for longer than in the Federal Republic (BRD). Gradually, but only after reunification, could change in the whole of Germany become possible. In the following text I will review the fragmented state of psychoanalysis in the battered city of Berlin after the Second World War. I describe the predicament of psychoanalysts, who are hopelessly entangled in adaptation processes, fearing the new rulers and dreading their own conscience. Despite their weakened sense of courage, they were however able to create space for freedom of thought. I intend to convey the trajectory of that process. The GDR history, despite the experience of confinement, is also a story of opening. Specific developments within the borders enabled the preservation as well as the transportation of psychoanalytic thought: some examples can be seen in inpatient forms of psychotherapy, individual psychodynamic therapy and especially the Intended Dynamic Group Psychotherapy (IDG). The opening of the ‘Wall’ made profound psychoanalytic post-qualification possible, but it came at a cost to the specific developments of the health system in the East. Within this system group therapists took their own particular path. After several years of cautious rapprochement the founding of BIG (Berlin Institute for Group Analysis) could be negotiated and established in 2003, supported by all Institutes of Berlin belonging to the umbrella organization of the DGPT (German Society for Psychoanalyse, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic). Nine years later the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gruppenanalyse und Gruppenpsychotherapie (D3G) consolidated in the merger of several individual groups resulting in a continuous and refreshingly pluralistic cooperation today. This article will therefore describe a series of societal shifts, transitions, internal and external attempts to heal, that are well reflected within the parallel process visible in the development of group analysis and its practitioners. One example to consider would be the asymmetry between psychoanalytic ‘teachers’ (West) and ‘students’ (East) and the dynamics experienced during professional encounters, which were very particular and rather complicated. However, that is a chapter in itself and will be considered separately.

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Rolnik, Eran J. « Between Ideology and Identity : Psychoanalysis in Jewish Palestine (1918–1948) ». Psychoanalysis and History 4, n^o 2 (juillet 2002) : 203–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2002.4.2.203.

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The reception of psychoanalysis outside the German cultural sphere is an important chapter in the historiography of psychoanalysis as well as in the social and intellectual history of many societies. This paper attempts to historicize the reception of the Freudian paradigm in Palestine under the British Mandate by locating two of its main historical contexts: the socialist foundations of the budding Jewish society and the migration of German-speaking psychoanalysts following the Nazi accession to power.

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Dwyer, P. G. « The German Connection : New Zealand and German-speaking Europe in the Nineteenth Century ». German History 12, n^o 3 (1 juillet 1994) : 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/12.3.419.

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Timm, Annette. « Sex between Body and Mind : Psychoanalysis and Sexology in the German-speaking World, 1890s–1930s ». German History 40, n^o 1 (16 novembre 2021) : 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghab081.

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Schaarschmidt, T. « Localism, Landscape and the Ambiguities of Place : German-speaking Central Europe, 1860-1930 ». German History 27, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2009) : 158–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghn088.

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Luft, David S. « Austria as a Region of German Culture : 1900–1938 ». Austrian History Yearbook 23 (janvier 1992) : 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237800002939.

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This Essay Attempts to contribute to our understanding of the intellectual and cultural history of Central Europe by making explicit a variety of themes that haunt discourse about Austrian culture and by making some suggestions about periodizing the relationship between Austria and German culture. I originally developed these thoughts on Austria as a region of German culture for a conference in 1983 at the Center for Austrian Studies on regions and regionalism in Austria. Although the political institutions of Central Europe have undergone a revolution since then, the question of Austria's relationship to German culture still holds its importance for the historian-and for contemporary Austrians as well. The German culture I have in mind here is not thekleindeutschnational culture of Bismarck's Reich, but rather the realm that was once constituted by the German-speaking lands of the Holy Roman Empire. This geographical space in Central Europe suggests a more ideal realm of the spirit, for which language is our best point of reference and which corresponds to no merely temporal state.

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Farges, Patrick. « “Muscle”Yekkes ? Multiple German-Jewish Masculinities in Palestine and Israel after 1933 ». Central European History 51, n^o 3 (septembre 2018) : 466–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938918000614.

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AbstractIn the 1930s and 1940s, nearly ninety thousand German-speaking Jews found refuge in the British Mandate of Palestine. While scholars have stressed the so-calledYekkes’intellectual and cultural contribution to the making of the Jewish nation, their social and gendered lifeworlds still need to be explored. This article, which is centered on the generation of those born between 1910 and 1925, explores an ongoing interest in German-Jewish multiple masculinities. It is based on personal narratives, including some 150 oral history interviews conducted in the early 1990s with German-speaking men and women in Israel. By focusing on gender and masculinities, it sheds new light on social, generational, and racial issues in Mandatory Palestine and Israel. The article presents an investigation of the lives, experiences, and gendered identities of young emigrants from Nazi Europe who had partly been socialized in Europe, and were then forced to adjust to a different sociey and culture after migration. This involved adopting new forms of sociability, learning new body postures and gestures, as well as incorporating new habits—which, together, formed a cultural repertoire for how to behave as a “New Hebrew.”

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Crane, Susan A. « :Localism, Landscape, and the Ambiguities of Place : German-Speaking Central Europe, 1860–1930.(German and European Studies.) ». American Historical Review 114, n^o 1 (février 2009) : 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.114.1.222.

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Boettcher, Susan R., et Carol Piper Heming. « Protestants and the Cult of the Saints in German-Speaking Europe, 1517-1531 ». Sixteenth Century Journal 36, n^o 2 (1 juillet 2005) : 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20477465.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Psychoanalysis – Europe, German-speaking – History"

Doe, Connor Bartlett. « Puppet Theater in the German-Speaking World ». PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/88.

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This work begins with a brief history of puppet theater in Germany. A look at important social aspects, pertinent philosophical discussions and the significance of puppet theater in the German literary tradition follow. The final chapter looks at Peter Schumann, a German puppeteer and artist who lives in America. In Germanistik, German puppet theater deserves a devoted place in the field of legitimate study in terms of its history, content and influence. Puppet theater's historical development in Germany represents the larger evolution of Germany. From ancient times up to the present day, this artistic form of representation has enjoyed an audience in the German-speaking regions. The evolution of puppet theater parallels Germany's quest for legitimacy as a nation and desire for cultural unification. A study of puppet theater thematizes the issue of popular cultural history. For most of its existence in Germany, puppet theater served as popular entertainment. The conception of folk art and folklore - which includes puppet theater - by the German Romantics led them to believe that folk artists possessed a mysterious authenticity inaccessible to Classicists and their narrowly-defined world of high art. Much German literature and thought from the 19th century onward shows a fondness for the Volk aspect of puppet theater. Puppet theater and its reception in German Romanticism helped to shape literary and philosophical themes that would lead to further recognition of puppetry as an art form and an integral aspect of German culture. In the 20th century, puppet theater took on bold new forms. Adapting to film, television, academia and the avant-garde, respected proponents of puppet theater brought the art form into the light of day. No longer did it merely consist of vulgar or mildly artistic street performances or as a vehicle for Romantic-era nostalgia. German puppet theater in the 20th century moved into the realm of mass culture with film and, more effectively, with television. It also gained footing in academia, eventually becoming a fully-recognized field of study as well as a performance medium with infinite possibilities. One can only hazard a guess as to where puppet theater will go in the future. The ability of the art form to uncannily reflect the human condition is well known. How the human condition will change and how the performers of puppet theater will respond remains to be seen.

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Conn, Matthew B. « Feeling same-sex desire : law, science, and belonging in German-speaking central Europe, 1750-1945 ». Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6929.

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My dissertation explains how the scientific study of sexuality became laden with emotions and the unforeseen results of this process. It begins with a scholarly tradition, forged during the eighteenth-century Enlightenment, which privileged sentimental articulations of feelings. This tradition helped inspire the late nineteenth-century foundation of sexology, or sexual science. Sexologists, as their discipline developed alongside the modern rational bureaucratic nation-state, maintained attention to emotive expressions. Sexologists also helped shape the interpretation and enforcement of laws against same-sex acts. While they built authority, however, sexologists lacked consensus. During the first third of the twentieth century, sexologists helped compile defendants' detailed sexual histories, replete with affective articulations of sexual desires, which led to calamitous consequences under National Socialism. Nazi technocrats utilized these same sexual histories, offered by same-sex attracted persons describing their feelings and actions before 1933, to prosecute them after a 1935 legal revision, which expanded the law's reach from specific acts to general expressions of feelings. My dissertation provides a genealogy of sexual research and the unexpected uses of its findings. It also revises the biography of sexology as an interdisciplinary field, braided with a history of emotions, tracing its previously underappreciated origins, tumultuous apex, and contested legacy.

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Giselbrecht, Elisabeth Anna. « Crossing boundaries : the printed dissemination of Italian sacred music in German-speaking areas (1580-1620) ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283907.

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Bagley, Petra M. « Somebody's daughter : the portrayal of daughter-parent relationships by contemporary women writers from German-speaking countries ». Thesis, University of Stirling, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2134.

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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the complexities of daughterhood as portrayed by nine contemporary women writers: from former West Germany(Gabriele Wohmann, Elisabeth Plessen), from former East Germany (Hedda Zinner, Helga M. Novak), from Switzerland (Margrit Schriber) and from Austria (Brigitte Schwaiger, Jutta Schutting, Waltraud Anna Mitgutsch, Christine Haidegger). Ten prose-works which span a period of approximately ten years, from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, are analysed according to theme and character. In the Introduction, we trace the historical development of women's writing in German, focusing on the most significant female authors from the Romantic period through to the rise of the New Women's Movement in the late sixties. We then consider a definition of 'Frauenliteratur' and the extent to which autobiography has become a typical feature of such women's writing. In the ensuing four chapters we highlight in psychological and sociological terms the mourning process a daughter undergoes after her father's death; the identification process between daughter and mother; the daughter's reaction to being adopted; and the daughter's decision to commit suicide. We see to what extent the environment in which each of these daughters is brought up as well as past events in German history shape the daughter's attitude towards her parents. Since we are studying the way in which these relationships are portrayed, we also need to take into account the narrative strategies employed by these modern women writers. In the light of our analysis of content and form we are able to examine the possible intentions behind such personal portraits: the act of writing as a form of self-discovery and self-therapy as well as the sharing of female experience. We conclude by suggesting the direction women's writing from German-speaking countries may be taking.

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Solbrig, Jacob H., et Jacob Hagen Solbrig. « Stasi Brainwashing in the GDR 1957 - 1990 ». ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2431.

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This thesis examines the methods used by the Ministerium für Staatssicherheit (MfS), more commonly known as the Stasi, or East German secret police, for extraction of information from citizens of the German Democratic Republic for the purpose of espionage and covert operations inside East Germany, as it pertains to the deliberate brainwashing of East German citizens. As one of the most efficient intelligence agencies to ever exist, the Stasi’s main purpose was to monitor the population, gather intelligence, and collect or turn informants. They used brainwashing techniques to control the people of the GDR, keeping the populace paralyzed with fear and paranoia. By surrounding themselves with a network of informants they prevented actions against the dictatorial communist regime. Using the video testimonies of former prisoners, and former confidential informants who worked closely with and collaborated with Stasi agents, in combination with periodicals and previous historical studies, this work argues that the East German Police State’s brainwashing techniques had long and lasting consequences both for German citizens, and for the psychiatric health of former GDR citizens. The scope and breadth of the techniques and data compiled for use by the Stasi were exhaustive, and the repercussions of their use are still being felt and discovered twenty five years after the fall of the Berlin Wall. This study aims to show the lasting effects brainwashing had on former informants and the Stasi’s victims.

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PUTZ, Christa. « Von der ehelichen Pflicht zur erotischen Befriedigung : Heterosexualität und ihre Störungen in der deutschsprachigen Medizin und Psychoanalyse (1880-1930) ». Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/21154.

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Defence date: 27 March 2009
Examining Board: Prof. Peter Becker (EUI and University of Linz) ; Prof. Heinz-Gerard Haupt (EUI) ; Prof. Sabine Maasen (University of Basel) ; Prof. Edith Saurer (University of Wien)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
No abstract available.

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Livres sur le sujet "Psychoanalysis – Europe, German-speaking – History"

The 1848/9 revolutions in German-speaking Europe. Harlow, England : Longman, 2001.

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N, Bade James, dir. The German connection : New Zealand and German-speaking Europe in the nineteenth century. Auckland : Oxford University Press, 1993.

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The courtly consort suite in German-speaking Europe, 1650-1706. Burlington, VT : Ashgate, 2008.

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Lessing, Eckhard. Geschichte der deutschsprachigen evangelischen Theologie von Albrecht Ritschl bis zur Gegenwart. Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2000.

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Bentley, James. Between Marx and Christ : The dialogue in German-speaking Europe 1870-1970. London : Verso, 1995.

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Contemporary authors of the German-speaking countries of Europe : A selective bibliography. Washington : Library of Congress, 1988.

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R, Auerbach Rena, Eichstädt Volkmar, Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism (Universiṭah ha-ʻIvrit bi-Yerushalayim) et Felix Posen Bibliographic Project on Antisemitism., dir. The "Jewish question" in German-speaking countries, 1848-1914 : A bibliography. New York : Garland, 1994.

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Anthony, Kitching Laurence Patrick, dir. Das deutschsprachige Theater im baltischen Raum, 1630-1918 = : The German-language theatre in the Baltic, 1630-1918. Frankfurt am Main : Peter Lang, 1997.

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Adolf, Laube, et Weiss Ulman, dir. Flugschriften gegen die Reformation (1525-1530). Berlin : Akademie Verlag, 2000.

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Fischer, Klaus. Changing landscapes of nuclear physics : A scientometric study on the social and cognitive position of German-speaking emigrants within the nuclear physics community, 1921-1947. Berlin : Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Psychoanalysis – Europe, German-speaking – History"

Hakkarainen, Heidi. « Solitude in Early Nineteenth-Century German-Speaking Europe ». Dans The Routledge History of Loneliness, 253–66. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429331848-20.

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« Art History in German-Speaking Countries : Austria, Germany and Switzerland ». Dans Art History and Visual Studies in Europe, 335–53. BRILL, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004231702_023.

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« From ‘Humboldt’ to ‘Bologna’ : history as discourse in higher education reform debates in German-speaking Europe ». Dans Education and the Knowledge-Based Economy in Europe, 41–61. Brill | Sense, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789087906245_004.

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« History, Rhetoric, and the Self : Robert Schumann and Music Making in German-Speaking Europe, 1800-1860 ». Dans Schumann and His World, 3–46. Princeton University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400863860.3.

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Hakkarainen, Heidi, et Zuhair Iftikhar. « The Many Themes of Humanism : Topic Modelling Humanism Discourse in Early 19th-Century German-Language Press ». Dans Digital Histories : Emergent Approaches within the New Digital History, 259–77. Helsinki University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33134/hup-5-15.

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Topic modelling is often described as a text-mining tool for conducting a study of hidden semantic structures of a text or a text corpus by extracting topics from a document or a collection of documents. Yet, instead of one singular method, there are various tools for topic modelling that can be utilised for historical research. Dynamic topic models, for example, are often constructed temporally year by year, which makes it possible to track and analyse the ways in which topics change over time. This chapter provides a case example on topic modelling historical primary sources. The chapter uses two tools to carry out topic modelling, MALLET and Dynamic Topic Model (DTM), in one dataset, containing texts from the early 19th-century German-language press which have been subjected to optical character recognition (OCR). All of these texts were discussing humanism, which was a newly emerging concept before mid-century, gaining various meanings in the public discourse before, during and after the 1848–1849 revolutions. Yet, these multiple themes and early interpretations of humanism in the press have been previously under-studied. By analysing the evolution of the topics between 1829 and 1850, this chapter aims to shed light on the change of the discourse surrounding humanism in the early 19th-century German-speaking Europe.

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Bryce, Benjamin. « The Future of Ethnicity ». Dans To Belong in Buenos Aires. Stanford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503601536.003.0001.

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The introduction discusses the importance of the future in shaping ethnic communities in Buenos Aires. Underlining the significance of temporality and the future for the social history of migration offers new perspectives on how state institutions developed, how a culturally plural society formed, and how immigrants and families participated in that society. Ethnicity is an unstable category worthy of analysis in itself, and that, as a result, ethnic communities should similarly be studied with that point in mind. The introduction also discusses the transnational turn in German historiography, which has highlighted how people and ideas outside the nation-state influenced conceptions of the nation during the Imperial and Weimar periods. German-speaking immigrants in Buenos Aires actively embraced the transatlantic relationship that groups in central Europe sought to establish, but they had their own ideas about their relationship with their nation of heritage and their nation of residence.

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Applegate, Celia. « Musical Itinerancy in a World of Nations ». Dans Cultures in Motion. Princeton University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691159096.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the world of the traveling musicians who produced European musical culture and haunted its literary imagination. Focusing on the history of musical itinerancy and travel, mainly in German-speaking Europe, it explores the ways in which Germans shaped and expressed their collective identity. The chapter investigates how traveling performers, often disparaged as rootless musical peddlers, carted new musical styles, forms, and techniques between local musical settings. It looks at the role of choral societies in nation building in the nineteenth century and large choral festivals that gave rise to new fields of rivalry and new forms of identity. It also discusses the lineaments of a new German cultural nationalism that were forged by the travels of musicians on the European landscape. Finally, it considers the literary products of musician writers that shed light on the question of how musicians fit in to an emergent national culture in Germany.

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Kindl, Ulrike. « Leggere Thomas Mann in Laguna ». Dans Le lingue occidentali nei 150 anni di storia di Ca’ Foscari. Venice : Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-262-8/021.

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In the form of a personal memoir, this essay outlines the work of the distinguished scholar Ladislao Mittner (1902-75) and the development of German studies at the University of Venice in the second half of the 20th century. Mittner arrived at Ca’ Foscari in 1942 and took charge of German studies in the first Italian Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures (established in 1954), and became a point of reference for over thirty years. During these years, he decisively shaped the guidelines of the discipline at Ca’ Foscari. Due to his own plurilingual Hapsburg roots, he considered a good command of languages pivotal. This is why he can also be considered a pioneer of the establishment of German language teaching as an independent subject from literature, which was not a self-evident truth at the time. However, he also underlined the importance of the literary text through very refined critical tools. He was an acute philologist and a broad-minded historian who, from the very beginning, added to the German courses such subjects as Germanic Philology, History of the German Language, Philosophy and Music of the German-speaking countries, transforming German studies in Italy into a modern and open-minded field of studies, far from just technical knowledge. From the beginning his vision of the German world was in a context of comparative cultures. Mittner’s work provided the firm basis for the educational commitment required to meet the daily challenge of a multicultural Europe.

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Løland, Ole Jakob. « Conclusion ». Dans Pauline Ugliness, 177–84. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823286553.003.0007.

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Paul is a figure through whom Jacob Taubes can discern his true disagreement with his intellectual opponents, such as Friedrich Nietzsche. The Pauline epistles provide some perspectives for Taubes to reconsider the Christian culture that shaped his identity as a German-speaking Jew in a post-Holocaust Europe. These texts are useful for this particular reader to reconsider history without ever fully separating it from philosophy. The contemporary philosophical turn to Paul, considered by taking Taubes as its prime example, can partly be explained by these philosophers’ (Taubes, Badiou, Agamben, Žižek) attraction to Paul as an antinomian figure, a figure of lawlessness and freedom from law that can lead to apocalyptic violence (for Taubes) or pave the way for an existential and political break with the domain of law, as in the philosophies of Alain Badiou and Slavoj Žižek. While these two continental philosophers draw upon other readings of the apostle than Taubes’s, Giorgio Agamben bases his readings of Paul on several aspects in Taubes’s works. Nonetheless, the call from Taubes to reinterpret Paul through Freud and Nietzsche is more consistently followed in the recent work of Ward Blanton.

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Arnold, Bettina. « The Past as Propaganda : Totalitarian Archaeology in Nazi Germany (1990) ». Dans Histories of Archaeology. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199550074.003.0010.

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To understand events in German prehistoric archaeology under the National Socialists, it is necessary to look at the discipline well before Hitler’s rise to power in 1933 and the beginning of the Umbruch period of radical change. Archaeology in Central Europe on the eve of the First World War was marked by a return of the ethno-historic approach to theory; in German-speaking regions there was a new name for the discipline to go with its new orientation. The term Vorgeschichte (prehistory) was rejected as a survival of anthropological thinking: Urgeschichte (early history) was preferred as better emphasizing the continuity of prehistory with documentary history (Sklenár 1983: 132). The writings of the nineteenth-century French racial philosopher Gobineau provided a doctrine of the inequality of different races (Daniel and Renfrew 1988: 104–6). Journals and publications dealing with the subject of race and genetic engineering increasingly appeared in Germany in the early twentieth century, among them Volk und Rasse, which was founded in 1926, and Fortschritte der Erbpathologie und Rassenhygiene, founded in 1929. Neither publication survived the Second World War. The linguist Gustaf Kossinna (1858–1932), a late convert to prehistory, laid the groundwork for an ethnocentric German prehistory. Kossinna proposed cultural diffusion as a process whereby influences, ideas, and models were passed on by more advanced peoples to the less advanced with which they came into contact. This concept, wedded to Kossinna’s Kulturkreis theory, the identification of geographical regions with specific ethnic groups on the basis of material culture, lent theoretical support to the expansionist policies of Nazi Germany. ‘Distribution maps of archaeological types became a convincing argument for expansionist aims: wherever a single find of a type designated as Germanic was found, the land was declared ancient German territory’ (Sklenár 1983: 151; Fig. 7.2). Alfred Rosenberg, the NS party’s ideologist, codified this ethnocentric and xenophobic perspective: ‘an individual to whom the tradition of his people (Volkstum) and the honor of his people (Volksehre) is not a supreme value, has forfeited the right to be protected by that people’ (Germanenerbe 1938: 105).

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