Articles de revues : « Ps70 »

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Biberoglu, Kevser, Melike Yuksel et Ozden Tacal. « Azure B affects amyloid precursor protein metabolism in PS70 cells ». Chemico-Biological Interactions 299 (février 2019) : 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2018.11.023.

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Foley, Paul J., Grace J. Wang, Benjamin M. Jackson, Ali Naji, Jeffrey Carpenter, Clyde F. Barker, Ronald M. Fairman et Edward Y. Woo. « PS70. A Contemporary Experience of Open Surgical Treatment of Renal Artery Aneurysms ». Journal of Vascular Surgery 53, n^o 6 (juin 2011) : 48S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.100.

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Scarborough, John E., Sandhya A. Lagoo-Deenadayalan, Theodore N. Pappas, Kyla M. Bennett et Cynthia K. Shortell. « PS70. Patient Age is an Independent Predictor of Mortality After Emergency Vascular Surgery ». Journal of Vascular Surgery 59, n^o 6 (juin 2014) : 52S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2014.03.116.

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Wong, Kok Hou, Thomas P. Davis, Christopher Barner-Kowollik et Martina H. Stenzel. « Gold-Loaded Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposite Honeycomb Membranes ». Australian Journal of Chemistry 59, n^o 8 (2006) : 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch06173.

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RAFT polymerization was used to prepare polystyrene – poly(4-vinyl pyridine) block copolymers, PSn-b-P(4VP)m. Well-defined block copolymers were obtained despite some indications of hydrolysis of the RAFT endgroup during synthesis. The block copolymer PS70-b-P(4VP)55 was self-assembled into micellar structures in dichloromethane, leading to nanoparticles with hydrodynamic diameters of 70 nm. The micelles were loaded with HAuCl4 and, upon reduction, micellar gold-containing nanoparticles with hydrodynamic diameters of 240 nm were obtained. These nanoparticles were employed in the preparation of honeycomb-structured porous films by means of the breath figures technique to yield gold nanocomposites with a hexagonal porous array.

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Yamamoto, Yohei, Akihiko Teshigawara, Jun Takei, Toshihide Tanaka, Yasuharu Akasaki et Yuichi Murayama. « COT-08 Analysis of prognosis of biopsy/partial resection cases of malignant glioma ». Neuro-Oncology Advances 2, Supplement_3 (1 novembre 2020) : ii22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdaa143.096.

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Abstract Introduction: Malignant glioma is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor and requires multimodality treatment. Regarding surgical treatment, it is desirable to achieve maximum resection while considering function preservation. There is consensus that the survival prognosis is prolonged in gross or subtotal resection. However, there are cases in which biopsy or partial resection is performed due to the spread of lesions at the time of onset, underlying diseases, and social background. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the cases of malignant glioma at our university and to find out the factors related to the prognosis of cases in which removal was insufficient. Target: 55 cases of malignant glioma treated at our university since 2013 who underwent biopsy or partial resection. Method: Overall/progression-free survival period is the end point, and parameters are age, bevacizumab use, pathological diagnosis, photodynamic diagnosis use at operation, immunotherapy, ventricular invasion, contralateral invasion, sex, preoperative Performance Status (PS), postoperative PS, left or right, navigation use, steroid use, anticonvulsant drug type, radiation, IDH mutation, 1p19q co-deletion, MGMT methylation, TERT mutation, p53 mutation, biopsy or partial resection. After narrowing down the evaluation items by univariate analysis(Logrank test), multivariate analysis(Cox proportional hazard model)was performed. Result: The univariate analysis was significant in 5 items including bevacizumab use, radiation therapy, levetiracetam use, postoperative PS70 or higher, and partial resection instead of biopsy. Multivariate analysis detected two statistically significant differences, bevacizumab use and post-operative PS70 and above. There was no difference in the timing of bevacizumab use. Consideration: In poorly resection cases, the weight of postoperative treatment is high, so continuity of treatment and selection of postoperative treatment are important, and maintenance of ADL and use of bevacizumab are significant among them.

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Sutton, Adam T., et Richard R. Rustandi. « Determining the Oxidation Mechanism through Radical Intermediates in Polysorbates 80 and 20 by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ». Pharmaceuticals 17, n^o 2 (9 février 2024) : 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17020233.

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Polysorbates 20 and 80 (PS20 and PS80) are added to many commercial biologic and vaccine pharmaceuticals. It is commonly known that these polysorbates undergo a radical oxidation mechanism; however, the identity of these radical intermediates has not been clearly determined. Furthermore, PS20 and PS80 differ by the presence of a lauric acid instead of an oleic acid, respectively. The oxidation of PS80 is thought to be centered around the double bond of the oleic acid even though PS20 also undergoes oxidation, making the mechanism of oxidation unclear for PS20. Using commercial stocks of PS20 and PS80 alkyl (R•), alkoxyl (C-O•) and peroxyl (C-OO•) radicals were detected by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy likely originating from radical-initiating species already present in the material. When dissolved in water, the peroxyl radicals (C-OO•) originally in the stocks were not detected but poly(ethylene oxide) radicals were. An oxidative pathway for polysorbates was suggested based on the radical species identified in the polysorbate stock material and solutions.

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Wu, Timothy, Dakshin Gangadharamurthy, Theodore Karrison et Hisham S. Bassiouny. « PS70. Carotid Artery Plaque Burden and Calcification in ≥ 50% NASCET Stenosis in Relation to Symptomatic Outcome ». Journal of Vascular Surgery 51, n^o 6 (juin 2010) : 38S—39S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2010.02.114.

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Hislop, Sean J., David L. Gillespie, Adam J. Doyle, Neil G. Kumar, Elisa Roztocil et John P. Cullen. « PS70. Alcohol Use Patterns as an Independent Risk Factor for Symptoms in Patients with Carotid Artery Stenosis ». Journal of Vascular Surgery 55, n^o 6 (juin 2012) : 45S—46S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2012.03.128.

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Kozuch, Benedykt, Johanna Weber, Julia Buske, Karsten Mäder, Patrick Garidel et Tim Diederichs. « Comparative Stability Study of Polysorbate 20 and Polysorbate 80 Related to Oxidative Degradation ». Pharmaceutics 15, n^o 9 (16 septembre 2023) : 2332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15092332.

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The surfactants polysorbate 20 (PS20) and polysorbate 80 (PS80) are utilized to stabilize protein drugs. However, concerns have been raised regarding the degradation of PSs in biologics and the potential impact on product quality. Oxidation has been identified as a prevalent degradation mechanism under pharmaceutically relevant conditions. So far, a systematic stability comparison of both PSs under pharmaceutically relevant conditions has not been conducted and little is known about the dependence of oxidation on PS concentration. Here, we conducted a comparative stability study to investigate (i) the different oxidative degradation propensities between PS20 and PS80 and (ii) the impact of PS concentration on oxidative degradation. PS20 and PS80 in concentrations ranging from 0.1 mg⋅mL−1 to raw material were stored at 5, 25, and 40 °C for 48 weeks in acetate buffer pH 5.5 and water, respectively. We observed a temperature-dependent oxidative degradation of the PSs with strong (40 °C), moderate (25 °C), and weak/no degradation (5 °C). Especially at elevated temperatures such as 40 °C, fast oxidative PS degradation processes were detected. In this case study, a stronger degradation and earlier onset of oxidation was observed for PS80 in comparison to PS20, detected via the fluorescence micelle assay. Additionally, degradation was found to be strongly dependent on PS concentration, with significantly less oxidative processes at higher PS concentrations. Iron impurities, oxygen in the vial headspaces, and the pH values of the formulations were identified as the main contributing factors to accelerate PS oxidation.

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Londra, Paraskevi A., Angeliki T. Paraskevopoulou et Maria Psychoyou. « Evaluation of Water–Air Balance of Various Substrates on Begonia Growth ». HortScience 47, n^o 8 (août 2012) : 1153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.8.1153.

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The water–air balance of four soilless substrates: 75% sphagnum peat–25% perlite (Ps75:P25), 50% sphagnum peat–50% perlite (Ps50:P50), 50% coir–50% perlite (C50:P50), and a fortified substrate with 60% sphagnum peat–30% black peat–10% perlite (Ps60:Pb30:P10) (in a volumetric proportion) was investigated under two different irrigation methods (drip and sub-irrigation), and its effect on the growth of Begonia ×elatior ‘The President’ was studied. The bulk density, particle size distribution, and water retention curve of the substrates were determined. Furthermore, the water profiles, oxygen (Ο2) concentration, and Ο2 diffusion rate of all substrates were determined during a 16-week cultivation period. Plant height, flower production, and both shoot and root dry weights as well as percent growth increase of plants were measured at the end of the experiment. The substrate water profiles showed that the water content was greater and air content was less in substrates of pots irrigated with drip irrigation than with sub-irrigation. The O2 concentration in all substrates irrespective of the irrigation method was high. The O2 diffusion rate values of sub-irrigated substrates were greater than those drip-irrigated, and Ps60:Pb30:P10 showed the greatest values. Shoot and root dry weights and percent growth increase of drip-irrigated plants were greater than that of sub-irrigated plants.

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Jaenudin, Amran, Dukat Dukat, Utyta Alaydrus et Maryuliyanna Maryuliyanna. « Effect of Planting Space and Dose of Phosphate Fertilizer on the Development and Production of White Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Samurai-2 Variety ». Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) 12, n^o 2 (1 juin 2023) : 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v12i2.431-442.

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White sorghum is utilized for food, beverage, fodder, and other industrial purposes. Spacing and fertilization are among problems for the development of sorghum plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction effect of planting space and phosphate fertilizer treatments on the development and production of white sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) varity of Samurai-2, and to determine the best results from those treatments as well. This research was performed at the experimental field of Al-Zaitun Islamic Boarding School located in Mekarjaya Village, Subdistrict of Gantar, Indramayu Regency, West Java. A factorial randomized block design was employed with planting space treatment of PS30 (70 cm × 30 cm), PS40 (70 cm × 40 cm), and PS50 (70 cm × 50 cm) and phosphate fertilizer treatment of PF50 (50 kg/ha), PF100 (100 kg/ha), and PF150 (150 kg/ha). Response parameters consisted of plant heigh, number of leaves, leaf area index (LAI), stem diameter, root volume, plant growth rate, and crop yield (weight of 1000 grains and yield per plot). Results of this study showed no interaction in all treatments, and the PS30 with crop spacing of 70 cm x 30 cm resulted the best yield on weight per plot of 5.08 kg/plot equivalent to 8.5 ton/ha. Keywords : Crop yield, Growth rate, Leaf area index, Plant height, Stem diameter

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Restrepo B., Giovanni, Edison Pizarro L. et Benjamín A. Rojano. « Aporte antioxidante del plasma seminal y su efecto sobre la calidad del semen equino congelado ». Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú 30, n^o 1 (4 mars 2019) : 276–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v30i1.15699.

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El plasma seminal (PS) posee antioxidantes enzimáticos y no enzimáticos con la función de proteger los espermatozoides de los efectos nocivos del estrés oxidativo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el aporte antioxidante del PS durante la congelación del semen equino y su efecto sobre la calidad espermática posdescongelación. Se colectó el semen de cinco caballos, se separó el PS y se suplementó en proporciones del 0% (Control), 10% (PS10) y 20% (PS20) a la fracción espermática en el diluyente de congelación. Se evaluó la capacidad antioxidante total (CAT) por los métodos de la capacidad atrapadora de radical oxígeno (ORAC) y de la capacidad reductora férrica (FRAP), y la actividad de las enzimas SOD, GPx y catalasa mediante espectrofotometría. Quince eyaculados fueron sometidos a congelación y se evaluó la movilidad (MOV), vitalidad (VE), morfología (MA), integridad funcional de membrana (IM) y el potencial de membrana mitocondrial (PMM) de los espermatozoides. Se ajustaron modelos mixtos, se compararon las medias por la prueba de Tukey y se realizó un análisis de correlación. PS10 y PS20 generaron un incremento de la CAT medida por FRAP y de la actividad de catalasa del semen diluido (p<0.05). PS20 produjo un aumento de la MOV del semen descongelado en comparación con el Control (p<0.05). Se observó una reducción posdescongelación del PMM por efecto de PS10 y PS20 (p<0.05), y se hallaron correlaciones positivas entre el PMM y la actividad de SOD. Se concluye que el PS aumenta la capacidad antioxidante total y enzimática del semen equino e influye en la actividad mitocondrial y la movilidad espermática posdescongelación.

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Nagapan, Tava Shelan, Wenna Nallance Lim, Ahmad Rohi Ghazali et Dayang Fredalina Basri. « Pterostilbene Supplementation Inhibits Early Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress in UVB-Induced BALB/C Mice ». Sains Malaysiana 50, n^o 5 (31 mai 2021) : 1407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5005-19.

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Extended dermal exposure of ultraviolet B (UVB) can induce erythema, hyperpigmentation, epidermal hyperplasia and cancer. Natural active compound such as pterostilbene (PS) is a potential UV-protecting agent as it has broad biological activities. This study aimed to evaluate the photoprotective effect of pterostilbene on ultraviolet-B-induced BALB/c mice. Twenty-four female mice were randomised into four groups (n=6/group): vehicle control (VC); UVB irradiated only (UVB only); UVB irradiation treated with pterostilbene 10 mg/kg (PS10+UVB); (iv) UVB irradiation treated with pterostilbene 20 mg/kg (PS20+UVB). The PS treatments were given for 14 days, and UVB was given at dose 250 mJ/cm2 on days 9, 11, and 13 of the treatment periods. The results showed that PS lessened redness and scaling on the skin of UVB-irradiated mice. The skinfold thickness and epidermal thickness in the PS-treated group were significantly reduced (p<0.05) in comparison with those in the UVB only group. The PS10 and PS20 groups (5.927 ± 0.354 and 5.660 ± 0.765 nmol/g, respectively) demonstrated significantly decreased MDA levels (P<0.05) relative to the UVB only group (13.343 ± 1.350 nmol/g). The GSH level in both PS10 (0.555 ± 0.020 µmol/mg) and PS20 (0.568 ± 0.055 µmol/mg) groups increased significantly (p<0.05) compared with that in the UVB only group (0.376 ± 0.025 µmol/mg). SOD activity in the PS20 group (1.388 ± 0.172 U/min/mg) increased significantly (p<0.05) compared with that in the UVB only group (0.561 ± 0.034 U/min/mg). Histological observation showed that PS reduced leukocyte infiltration and epidermal hyperplasia. Hence, oral PS may exert a photoprotective effect by acting as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent on UVB-irradiated mice skin.

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Kojic, Milan, Ivana Strahinic et Ljubisa Topisirovic. « Proteinase PI and lactococcin A genes are located on the largest plasmid inLactococcus lactissubsp.lactisbv. diacetylactis S50 ». Canadian Journal of Microbiology 51, n^o 4 (1 avril 2005) : 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w05-009.

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Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis bv. diacetylactis S50 produces a lactococcin A-like bacteriocin named bacteriocin S50, and cell envelope-associated PI-type proteinase activity. This strain harbours 3 small size plasmids: pS6 (6.3 kb), pS7a (7.31 kb), and pS7b (7.27 kb). Plasmid curing using a combination of novobiocin treatment (10 µg·mL–1) and sublethal temperature (40 °C) resulted in a very low yield (0.17%) of Prt–, Bac–, Bacsderivatives, which retained all 3 small size resident plasmids. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of DNA isolated from the strain S50 and cured derivatives in combination with restriction enzyme analysis and DNA–DNA hybridization revealed that S50 contains 2 additional large plasmids: pS140 (140 kb) and pS80 (80 kb). Conjugation experiments using strain S50 as a donor and various lactococcal recipients resulted in Prt+, Bac+, Bacrtransconjugants. Analysis of these transconjugants strongly indicated that plasmid pS140 harbours the prt and bac genes encoding proteinase and bacteriocin production, and immunity to bacteriocin, since each Prt+, Bac+, Bacrtranconjugant contained pS140. Accordingly, none of the Prt–, Bac–, Bacstransconjugants contained this plasmid. pS140 was a self-transmissible conjugative plasmid regardless of the host lactococcal recipient used in the test. Frequency of conjugation of plasmid pS140 did not depend on either the donor or recipient strain.Key words: Lactococcus, plasmids, conjugation, bacteriocin, proteinase.

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Tan, Madeleine S. A., Preeti Pandey, James R. Falconer, Dan J. Siskind, Alexandra Balmanno et Harendra S. Parekh. « Clozapine-Encapsulated Binary Mixed Micelles in Thermosensitive Sol–Gels for Intranasal Administration ». Gels 8, n^o 1 (5 janvier 2022) : 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8010038.

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(1) Background: Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic. It is, however, associated with many adverse drug reactions. Nose-to-brain (N2B) delivery offers a promising approach. This study aims to develop clozapine-encapsulated thermosensitive sol–gels for N2B delivery. (2) Methods: Poloxamer 407 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose were mixed and hydrated with water. Glycerin and carbopol solutions were added to the mixture and stirred overnight at 2–8 °C. Clozapine 0.1% w/w was stirred with polysorbate 20 (PS20) or polysorbate 80 (PS80) at RT (25 °C) before being added to the polymer solution. The final formulation was made to 10 g with water, stirred overnight at 2–8 °C and then adjusted to pH 5.5. (3) Results: Formulations F3 (3% PS20) and F4 (3% PS80) were selected for further evaluation, as their gelation temperatures were near 28 °C. The hydrodynamic particle diameter of clozapine was 18.7 ± 0.2 nm in F3 and 20.0 ± 0.4 nm in F4. The results show a crystallinity change in clozapine to amorphous. Drug release studies showed a 59.1 ± 3.0% (F3) and 53.1 ± 2.7% (F4) clozapine release after 72 h. Clozapine permeated after 8 h was 20.8 ± 3.0% (F3) and 17.8 ± 3.1% (F4). The drug deposition was higher with F4 (144.8 ± 1.4 µg/g) than F3 (110.7 ± 2.7 µg/g). Both sol–gels showed no phase separation after 3 months. (4) Conclusions: Binary PS80-P407 mixed micelles were more thermodynamically stable and rigid due to the higher synergism of both surfactants. However, binary mixed PS20-P407 micelles showed better drug permeation across the nasal mucosa tissue and may be a preferable carrier system for the intranasal administration of clozapine.

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Kapoor, Amita, et Stephen G. Matthews. « Prenatal Stress Modifies Behavior and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Function in Female Guinea Pig Offspring : Effects of Timing of Prenatal Stress and Stage of Reproductive Cycle ». Endocrinology 149, n^o 12 (28 août 2008) : 6406–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2008-0347.

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Prenatal stress is associated with altered behavior and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function postnatally. Recent studies suggest that these outcomes are dependent on the timing of the prenatal stress. The majority of these studies have been carried out in male offspring. We hypothesized that a short period of prenatal stress would result in female offspring that exhibit differences in open-field behavior and HPA axis activity, but the outcome would depend on the timing of the prenatal stress and the stage of the reproductive cycle. Pregnant guinea pigs were exposed to a strobe light during the fetal brain growth spurt [gestational d 50–52 (PS50)] or during the period of rapid brain myelination [gestational d 60–62 (PS60)]. Open-field activity was assessed in juvenile and adult female offspring. HPA axis function was tested in adult offspring. All tests in adulthood were carried out during the estrous and luteal phases of the reproductive cycle to determine the effect of stage on HPA axis programming. Tissues were collected upon completion of the study for analysis by in situ hybridization. PS60 offspring exhibited decreased activity in an open field during the estrous phase of the reproductive cycle compared with control offspring. Both PS50 and PS60 offspring exhibited a lower salivary cortisol response to a stressor, only during the estrous phase. Consistent with the behavioral and endocrine data, PS60 females exhibited lower plasma estradiol levels, reduced ovary weight, and increased glucocorticoid receptor mRNA in the paraventricular nucleus. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that there are effects of prenatal stress on behavior and HPA axis functioning in female offspring but that the outcomes are dependent on the timing of the prenatal stress together with the status of the reproductive cycle.

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Miari, Mariam, Sari S. Rasheed, Nathaline Haidar-Ahmad, Antoine Abou Fayad et Ghassan M. Matar. « Evaluating ginger extract, wild blueberry extract, and polysorbates (PS20, PS80) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation ». Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 12, n^o 02.1 (22 février 2018) : 12S. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.10098.

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Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a biofilm forming pathogen that challenges clinical and industrial settings. Many natural products and surfactants have been screened and valued for their anti-biofilm capacity. In this study we assessed the inhibitory effect and molecular mechanism of action of ginger extract (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), wild blueberry extract (Vaccinium angustifolium), and polysorbates (PS20/PS80) on biofilm formation. Methodology: Ginger and wild blueberry extractions were done using ethanol and distilled water, respectively. Hexane and methanol were used for extracts’ liquid-liquid portioning. LC-HRMS was performed to obtain extract fractions. Efficacy of the crude extracts, fractions, and polysorbates was assessed on P. aeruginosa PAN14 growth and biofilm. Transcription levels of biofilm encoding genes ndvB, pelC, algC and quorum sensing genes lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR were evaluated by RT-qPCR. Results: Extracts and polysorbates concentrations did not affect P. aeruginosa growth. Biofilm assay showed a reduction in biofilm when 5% ginger, 25% wild blueberry extracts, 0.2% PS20, and 0.25% PS80 were added. LC-HRMS analysis of ginger extract showed abundant gingerol in the hexane layer. Wild blueberry chromatograms showed various constituents differing between their peel and pulp, and pulp extracts. RT-qPCR showed decreased transcription levels of exopolysaccharide and quorum sensing genes with a 363.6 folds reduction in ndvB upon treatment with 25% wild blueberry peel and pulp extract. Conclusion: These results shed light on the mechanism of action of ginger and wild blueberry constituents as well as PS20/80 on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. Future mouse model experiments are useful to test biofilm inhibition in-vivo.

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Shanaswara, Adhira Azhari, Muhammad Randi Nur Aditya, Muhammad Ibnu Rashyid, Herianto Herianto et Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun. « OPTIMASI MULTIOBJEKTIF PARAMETER PROSES 3D PRINTER JENIS FUSED DEPOSITION MODELLING MENGGUNAKAN GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS-TAGUCHI ». Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin 14, n^o 3 (15 décembre 2023) : 791–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/jrm.v14i3.1253.

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The development of fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printer models is increasing where the applications can be found in several aspects such as rapid prototyping, functionally components, and parts for assembly process. These conditions required excellent printing quality. One of the factors that affect the printing quality was process parameter setting. There are several parameters process that are used in 3D printing. Hence, the use of these parameters that recommended by manufacturer often give the average results, not the best results. The recent study purposes are to gain optimal setting that give accuracy in the dimension and suitable surface condition. There are 12 factors with 3 different levels. The study used Taguchi method L-27 and grey relational analysis (GRA) to determine the most efficient combinations that can fulfill multi-objective. The results showed that to acquire the accuracy and total dimension, the following combination are used; LH0,075mm, LW0,45mm, IPLines, WT0,8mm, PT205C, FR85%, RD6,5mm, RS30mm/s, PS30mm/s, OWS15mm/s2, PA10mm/s2, and PJ10mm/s where wall thickness (WT); flow rate (FR); and retraction distance (RD) used as 3 essential factors that can influence the respond of the machine. The best surface roughness gathered with the combination as follow; LH0,075mm, LW0,35mm, IPGrid, WT0,8mm, PT200C, FR95%, RD2mm, RS30mm/s, PS70mm/s, OWS25mm/s, PA3000mm/s2, dan PJ30mm/s where the layer height (LH) was the essential factor that affect the machine respond. The accuracy of the dimension and the most optimum surface roughness can be acquired by the following combinations: LH0,075mm, LW0,35mm, IPGrid, WT0,8mm, PT205C, FR95%, RD4,5mm, RS30mm/s, PS70 m/s, OWS15 mm/s, PA3000 mm/s2, dan PJ10mm/s.

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Strahinic, I., M. Kojic, M. Tolinacki, D. Fira et L. Topisirovic. « Molecular characterization of plasmids pS7a and pS7b fromLactococcus lactissubsp.lactisbv. diacetylactis S50 as a base for the construction of mobilizable cloning vectors ». Journal of Applied Microbiology 106, n^o 1 (janvier 2009) : 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03977.x.

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Sattler, Sonja, Stephen Gollomp et Andrew Curry. « A Narrative Literature Review of the Established Safety of Human Serum Albumin Use as a Stabilizer in Aesthetic Botulinum Toxin Formulations Compared to Alternatives ». Toxins 15, n^o 10 (18 octobre 2023) : 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15100619.

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Despite more than 80 years of use in a number of conditions, including in critically ill patients, comments have recently arisen regarding the safety and efficacy of human serum albumin (HSA) as a therapeutic product and stabilizer/excipient in botulinum neurotoxins. This review summarizes the literature on the safety of HSA. Beyond decades of safe use, the largest clinical dataset of HSA safety is a large meta-analysis of HSA supplier data, which found only an extremely remote risk of serious adverse events across millions of doses of therapeutic concentrations of HSA. There is a paucity of literature identifying HSA-specific adverse events when used as a stabilizer/excipient; however, studies of HSA-containing botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) suggest that adverse events are not related to HSA. Polysorbates, which are synthetically produced and not physiologically inert, are contained in pending or new-to-market BoNT formulations. In contrast to HSA, evidence exists to suggest that polysorbates (particularly PS20/PS80) can cause serious adverse events (e.g., hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, and immunogenicity).

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Hung, Huynh. « Suppression of ps20 Expression in the Rat Uterus by Tamoxifen and Estrogens ». Endocrinology 146, n^o 5 (1 mai 2005) : 2388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1525.

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Abstract Using differential display methodology, we isolated a tamoxifen-regulated cDNA. This cDNA was identical to the ps20 cDNA isolated from urogenital sinus mesenchymal cells. ps20 expression was detected in various female rat tissues, with the highest expression in lung and heart. ps20 transcripts were low during estrus and proestrus, but high during the diestrous stage of the estrous cycle coincident with estrogen-induced uterine cell proliferation. Treatment of ovary-intact or ovariectomized rats with estrogens or tamoxifen resulted in increased uterine weight and decreased ps20 expression. Uterine involution associated with ovariectomy or antiestrogen treatment led to up-regulation of ps20. Antibody against rat ps20 recognized the native rat ps20 in conditioned medium of primary rat uterine cells and stable ps20-transfected MCF-7 cells with molecular masses of approximately 24, 27, and 29 kDa. In primary rat uterine cells, ps20 secretion was enhanced by ICI 182,780, but was inhibited by estrogens and tamoxifen. Immunohistochemistry revealed that ps20 was localized to smooth muscle and luminal epithelial cells as well as the glandular population of uterine tissue. Conditioned medium derived from ps20-transfected MCF-7 cells, but not Escherichia coli recombinant ps20, exhibited mild growth suppression on PC-3 cells. The data indicate that ps20 expression is negatively regulated by estrogens and tamoxifen and suggest that ps20 may function as a mediator of local growth.

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Drury, S. A., et D. A. Rothery. « Remote sensing(PS670) ». Geocarto International 5, n^o 4 (décembre 1990) : 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106049009354285.

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Foysal, Md Javed, Gokul Chandra Biswas et Md Jahir Raihan. « PCR based detection of gyrB2 gene from Pseudomonas sp. affected human clinical isolates ». International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 1, n^o 9 (4 août 2012) : 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9.11612.

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Detection of virulence gene is a key component in determining the pathogenicity of any isolates because these genes act multi-functionally and multi-factorially. Gyrase specific gene primer in combination of PCR technology allows precise detection of DNA gyrase subunit B2 gene (gyrB2) from different virulent microorganisms. In the present study, forward and reverse primers with a length of 20bp for both were used for detection of gyrB2 genes in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas sp. collected from patients suffering from urinary tract infection (UTI). A total of 12 isolates of Pseudomonas sp. viz., Ps1, Ps2, Ps3, Ps4, Ps5, Ps6, Ps7, Ps8, Ps9, Ps10, Ps11 and Ps12 were used in present study in which gyrB2 gene amplified in all 12 isolates and gave the expected 1130bp PCR product after visualization under gel documentation system in 1.2% agarose gel. This PCR was outstanding in the detection of gyrB2 gene in urinary tract infected patients caused by Pseudomonas sp. species.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9.11612 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(9): 235-238

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Alvarez, R., J. Reading, D. F. L. King, M. Hayes, P. Easterbrook, F. Farzaneh, S. Ressler, F. Yang, D. Rowley et A. Vyakarnam. « WFDC1/ps20 Is a Novel Innate Immunomodulatory Signature Protein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Permissive CD4+ CD45RO+ Memory T Cells That Promotes Infection by Upregulating CD54 Integrin Expression and Is Elevated in HIV Type 1 Infection ». Journal of Virology 82, n^o 1 (17 octobre 2007) : 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00939-07.

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ABSTRACT Understanding why human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preferentially infects some CD4+ CD45RO+ memory T cells has implications for antiviral immunity and pathogenesis. We report that differential expression of a novel secreted factor, ps20, previously implicated in tissue remodeling, may underlie why some CD4 T cells are preferentially targeted. We show that (i) there is a significant positive correlation between endogenous ps20 mRNA in diverse CD4 T-cell populations and in vitro infection, (ii) a ps20+ permissive cell can be made less permissive by antibody blockade- or small-interference RNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous ps20, and (iii) conversely, a ps20low cell can be more permissive by adding ps20 exogenously or engineering stable ps20 expression by retroviral transduction. ps20 expression is normally detectable in CD4 T cells after in vitro activation and interleukin-2 expansion, and such oligoclonal populations comprise ps20positive and ps20low/negative isogenic clones at an early differentiation stage (CD45RO+/CD25+/CD28+/CD57−). This pattern is altered in chronic HIV infection, where ex vivo CD4+ CD45RO+ T cells express elevated ps20. ps20 promoted HIV entry via fusion and augmented CD54 integrin expression; both of these effects were reversed by anti-ps20 antibody. We therefore propose ps20 to be a novel signature of HIV-permissive CD4 T cells that promotes infection in an autocrine and paracrine manner and that HIV has coopted a fundamental role of ps20 in promoting cell adhesion for its benefit. Disrupting the ps20 pathway may therefore provide a novel anti-HIV strategy.

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Zegans, Michael E., Daniel Wozniak, Edward Griffin, Christine M. Toutain-Kidd, John H. Hammond, Andrew Garfoot et Joseph S. Lam. « Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exopolysaccharide Psl Promotes Resistance to the Biofilm Inhibitor Polysorbate 80 ». Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, n^o 8 (14 mai 2012) : 4112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00373-12.

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ABSTRACTPolysorbate 80 (PS80) is a nonionic surfactant and detergent that inhibits biofilm formation byPseudomonas aeruginosaat concentrations as low as 0.001% and is well tolerated in human tissues. However, certain clinical and laboratory strains (PAO1) ofP. aeruginosaare able to form biofilms in the presence of PS80. To better understand this resistance, we performed transposon mutagenesis with a PS80-resistant clinical isolate, PA738. This revealed that mutation ofalgCrendered PA738 sensitive to PS80 biofilm inhibition. AlgC contributes to the biosynthesis of the exopolysaccharides Psl and alginate, as well as lipopolysaccharide and rhamnolipid. Analysis of mutations downstream of AlgC in these biosynthetic pathways established that disruption of thepsloperon was sufficient to render the PA738 and PAO1 strains sensitive to PS80-mediated biofilm inhibition. Increased levels of Psl production in the presence of arabinose in a strain with an arabinose-induciblepslpromoter were correlated with increased biofilm formation in PS80. InP. aeruginosastrains MJK8 and ZK2870, known to produce both Pel and Psl, disruption of genes in thepslbut not thepeloperon conferred susceptibility to PS80-mediated biofilm inhibition. The laboratory strain PA14 does not produce Psl and does not form biofilms in PS80. However, when PA14 was transformed with a cosmid containing thepsloperon, it formed biofilms in the presence of PS80. Taken together, these data suggest that production of the exopolysaccharide Psl byP. aeruginosapromotes resistance to the biofilm inhibitor PS80.

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Glengarry, J. M., et J. Hamill. « PS10 PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA IN CHILDREN ». ANZ Journal of Surgery 77, s1 (mai 2007) : A58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.2007.04125_10.x.

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Holbrook, Kristen, Dina Andrews, Wes Sutherland, Aldo Coppi, Shane Barry, Max Escamilla, Simon Authier et al. « Threshold for Anaphylactoid Reaction to Polysorbate 80 in Canines ». International Journal of Toxicology 41, n^o 2 (mars 2022) : 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10915818211063478.

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Polysorbate 80 (PS80) functions as a dispersing agent or solubilizer in many pharmaceuticals, and as a stabilizer in biopharmaceuticals. Topical or parenteral administration of low doses of PS80 in biopharmaceuticals has been associated with mild allergic reactions, including local injection site reactions in humans. High doses of PS80, such as levels found in traditional Chinese herbal parenteral medicines, have been linked to systemic effects consistent with anaphylactoid-type reactions, which are characterized by the direct release of histamine from mast cells (degranulation). Nonclinical safety assessments of PS80 in vivo have mainly focused on canine model systems, a species established to be particularly sensitive to PS80. However, there is conflicting data about the dose and route of administration of PS80 required to elicit an anaphylactoid-type reaction in this model system. Therefore, studies using multiple dosing regimens in anesthetized and conscious dogs including a combination of cardiovascular data, clinical signs, and biomarkers of mast cell degranulation were conducted. An intravenous (IV) bolus of 1 mg/kg PS80 (0.25% w/v) elicited a positive anaphylactoid reaction including increased heart rate, hypotension, and clinical signs associated with anaphylactoid reactions (e.g., reddened muzzle). However, a full reaction was not observed with a subcutaneous (SC) injection of PS80 (0.25% w/v) up to 20 mg/kg and IV bolus or IV infusions up to 0.5 mg/kg. These data establish a threshold dose for eliciting an anaphylactoid reaction in canine which varies depending on the route of administration as well as the rate of PS80 infusion.

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Ressler, Steven J., et David R. Rowley. « The WFDC1 gene : role in wound response and tissue homoeostasis ». Biochemical Society Transactions 39, n^o 5 (21 septembre 2011) : 1455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0391455.

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The present evaluates the key features of the WFDC1 [WAP (whey acidic protein) four disulfide core 1] gene that encodes ps20 (20 kDa prostate stromal protein), a member of the WAP family. ps20 was first characterized as a growth inhibitory activity that was secreted by fetal urogenital sinus mesenchymal cells. Purified ps20 exhibited several activities that centre on cell adhesion, migration and proliferation. The WFDC1 gene was cloned, contained seven exons, and was mapped to chromosome 16q24, suggesting that it may function as a tumour suppressor; however, direct evidence of this has not emerged. In vivo, ps20 stimulated angiogenesis, although expression of WFDC1/ps20 was down-regulated in the reactive stroma tumour microenvironment in prostate cancer. WFDC1 expression is differential in other cancers and inflammatory conditions. Recent studies point to a role in viral infectivity. Although mechanisms of action are not fully understood, WFDC1/ps20 is emerging as a secreted matricellular protein that probably affects response to micro-organisms and tissue repair homoeostasis.

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Retterath, M. A., et J. J. Pasternak. « Genomic arrangement of repeated PS700 elements in the nematode Panagrellus silusiae ». Genome 33, n^o 2 (1 avril 1990) : 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g90-027.

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When genomic DNA from the free-living nematode Panagrellus silusiae is digested with the restriction endonuclease BamHI and separated by electrophoresis, a band in the 700 base pair size range is evident after ethidium bromide staining. One of the 0.7-kilobase fragments (PS700-1) was characterized and found to be a member of a moderately repetitive DNA family (T. Warren and J.J. Pasternak. 1988. Nucleic Acids Res. 16: 10 833 – 10 847). In the current study, DNA sequence analyses of three independently isolated copies of the PS700 DNA family showed the same nucleotide sequence and >98% similarity to PS700-1. Four EMBL-4 bacteriophage clones were isolated from a Panagrellus genomic DNA library with PS700-1 as the probe and were analyzed by restriction endonuclease site mapping and Southern blot DNA hybridization. These clones contain 31 copies of the PS700 DNA family. In each case, the units are arranged in head-to-tail arrays. One of the EMBL-4 clones contains copies of a novel variant of the PS700 elements. The maintenance of both nucleotide sequence and restriction endonuclease restriction site homogeneity among members of the dispersed PS700 DNA family may denote a functional role for these sequences.Key words: nematode, Panagrellus, repetitive DNA organization, nucleotide sequence variation.

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Pouliot, Mylène, Jeanine Bussiere, Aldo Coppi, Kristen Holbrook, Amy Shelton, Samantha Sparapani, Jonathan Maher, Tanja S. Zabka, Emmanuel Boulay et Simon Authier. « Polysorbate 80-Induced Anaphylactoid Reaction and the Effects on Cardiovascular Function : Dose Threshold and Species Comparison ». International Journal of Toxicology 41, n^o 2 (mars 2022) : 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10915818211072780.

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Polysorbate 80 (PS80) is commonly used in pre-clinical formulations. The dose threshold for cardiovascular (CV) changes and hypersensitivity reaction in the dog was assessed and compared to other species. PS80 was administered by intravenous (IV) bolus (.5, 1 mg/kg), IV infusion (.3, .5, 1, 3 mg/kg), subcutaneous (SC) injection (5, 10, 15 mg/kg) and oral gavage (10 mg/kg) to dogs with CV monitoring. Monkeys and minipigs received PS80 by IV infusion at 3 mg/kg. Plasma histamine concentration was measured following PS80 IV infusion and with diphenhydramine pre-treatment in dogs only. In dogs, PS80 was not associated with CV changes at doses up to 15 mg/kg SC and 10 mg/kg oral, but decreased blood pressure and increased heart rate with IV bolus at ≥ .5 mg/kg and IV infusion at ≥ 1.0 mg/kg and decreased body temperature with IV infusion at 3 mg/kg was observed. Transient edema and erythema were noted with all administration routes, in all three species including doses that were devoid of CV effects. In monkeys and minipigs, PS80 did not induce CV, cutaneous or histamine concentration changes. These results suggest that mild, transient skin changes occur following PS80 administration at doses that are not associated with CV effects in the dogs. In dogs, the cardiovascular effect threshold was <.5 mg/kg for IV bolus, .3 mg/kg for IV infusion, 15 mg/kg for SC injection, and 10 mg/kg for oral administration. Monkey and minipig were refractory to PS80-induced histamine release at 3 mg/kg by IV infusion over 15 minutes.

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Miari, Mariam, Sari S. Rasheed, Nathaline Haidar Ahmad, Dana Itani, Antoine Abou Fayad et Ghassan M. Matar. « Natural products and polysorbates : Potential Inhibitors of biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ». Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 14, n^o 06 (30 juin 2020) : 580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.11834.

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Introduction: With all the challenges super bugs are imposing, biofilm formation opens the door against various more complicated challenges. Such issue may be highlighted with the ability of the latter to render the antibiotics hardly accessible to bacterial cells and sheds the light on the importance of finding antibiofilm formers. Therefore, we assessed the inhibitory effect of natural product extracts (ginger, wild blueberry) and polysorbates (PS20, PS80) on biofilm formation at the molecular level. Methodology: Growth inhibition assay was performed to test the effect of ginger (Zingiber Officinale), wild blueberry (Vaccinium Angustifolium), and polysorbates on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAN14) growth. Transcription levels of biofilm exopolysaccharides encoding genes (ndvB, pelC, algC) and quorum sensing genes (lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR) for LasI/LasR and RhlI/ RhlR systems were evaluated by RT qPCR. Results: The polysorbates and the extracts of both ginger and wild blueberry had no effect on the growth of P. aeruginosa. Biofilms’ examination has unraveled the effectiveness of treatments used in reducing its formation. Moreover, a significant reduction in the expression of all genes tested for biofilm exopolysaccharides and its quorum sensing system was observed. Conclusion: The decrease in the relative gene expression of the exopolysaccharides and quorum sensing encoding genes sheds the light on the mechanism of action of ginger and wild blueberry’s constituents as well as polysorbates 20 and 80 on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. Future studies need to assess the antibiofilm effect of each fraction of herbal extracts separately.

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Toutain-Kidd, Christine M., Samoneh C. Kadivar, Carolyn T. Bramante, Stephen A. Bobin et Michael E. Zegans. « Polysorbate 80 Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation and Its Cleavage by the Secreted Lipase LipA ». Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, n^o 1 (27 octobre 2008) : 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00500-08.

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ABSTRACT Surface-associated bacterial communities known as biofilms are an important source of nosocomial infections. Microorganisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa can colonize the abiotic surfaces of medical implants, leading to chronic infections that are difficult to eradicate. Our study demonstrates that polysorbate 80 (PS80), a surfactant commonly added to food and medicines, is able to inhibit biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa on a variety of surfaces, including contact lenses. Many clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, as well as gram-negative and gram-positive clinical isolates, were also inhibited in their ability to form biofilms in the presence of PS80. A P. aeruginosa mutant able to form biofilms in the presence of this surfactant was identified and characterized, and it was revealed that this mutant overexpresses a lipase, LipA. Surfactants such as PS80 can be cleaved by lipases, and we demonstrate that PS80 is cleaved by LipA at its ester bond. Finally, polyethoxylated(20) oleyl alcohol, a chemical with a structure that is similar to that of PS80 but that lacks the ester bond of PS80, can inhibit the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa strains, including the mutant overexpressing LipA. Our results demonstrate that surfactants such as PS80 can inhibit bacterial biofilm formation on medically relevant materials at concentrations demonstrated to be safe in humans and suggest that the understanding of the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to such surfactants will be important in developing clinically effective derivatives.

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Yapo, B. R., B. Gerges et A. J. A. Holland. « PS07 URACHAL ANOMALIES IN CHILDREN ». ANZ Journal of Surgery 77, s1 (mai 2007) : A57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.2007.04125_7.x.

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DAMICO, FRANCISCO MAX, FÁBIO GASPARIN, GABRIELA LOURENÇON IOSHIMOTO, THAIS ZAMUDIO IGAMI, ARMANDO DA SILVA CUNHA JR., SILVIA LIGORIO FIALHO, ANDRE MAURICIO LIBER, LUCY HWA-YUE YOUNG et DORA FIX VENTURA. « Intravitreal injection of polysorbate 80 : a functional and morphological study ». Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões 44, n^o 6 (décembre 2017) : 603–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-69912017006010.

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ABSTRACT Objective : to determine the functional and morphological effects at rabbits retina of PS80 concentration used in the preparation of intravitreal drugs. Methods: eleven New Zealand rabbits received a intravitreal injection of 0.1ml of PS80. As control, the contralateral eye of each rabbit received the same volume of saline. Electroretinography was performed according to a modified protocol, as well as biomicroscopy and retina mapping before injection and seven and ten days after. Animals were euthanized in the 30th day and the retinas were analyzed by light microscopy. Results: eyes injected with PS80 did not present clinical signs of intraocular inflammation. Electroretinography did not show any alteration of extent and implicit time of a and b waves at scotopic and photopic conditions. There were no morphological alterations of retinas at light microscopy. Conclusion: intravitreal injection of PS80 in the used concentration for intravitreal drug preparations do not cause any functional or morphological alterations of rabbit retinas. These results suggest that PS80 is not toxic to rabbit retinas and may be safely used in the preparation of new lipophilic drugs for intravitreal injection.

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Nappi, Emanuele, Francesca Racca, Alessandra Piona, Maria Rita Messina, Sebastian Ferri, Donatella Lamacchia, Giuseppe Cataldo et al. « Polyethylene Glycol and Polysorbate 80 Skin Tests in the Context of an Allergic Risk Assessment for Hypersensitivity Reactions to Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines ». Vaccines 11, n^o 5 (28 avril 2023) : 915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050915.

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Concern has arisen about hypersensitivity reactions in patients with allergic reactions to drugs containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate 80 (PS80), excipients of currently available anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. However, the actual utility of PEG and PS80 skin allergy testing is currently still debated. We retrospectively analyzed all cases of patients on whom we performed allergometric skin tests for PEG and PS80 in the context of a pre-vaccination screening (for patients with multiple hypersensitivity reactions to drugs for which these excipients were among the suspected agents) or following suspected hypersensitivity reactions to anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. A total of 134 tests were performed for PEG and PS80, eight of which produced uninterpretable results (due to dermographism or non-specific reactions). Of the remaining 126 cases (85 pre-vaccinal and 41 post-vaccine reactions), 16 (12.7%) were positive for PEG and/or PS80. Stratifying by clinical indication, there were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of positive tests between patients evaluated in the context of the pre-vaccination screening and those evaluated after a vaccine reaction (10.6% vs. 17.1%, respectively, p = 0.306). Allergometric skin tests for PEG and PS80 in our case series resulted positive in an unexpectedly high proportion of patients, suggesting that testing for allergy to these two excipients should not be ignored in case of reasonable clinical suspicion.

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Askretkov, A. D., D. O. Shatalov, N. V. Orlova, D. I. Zybin, V. V. Nikolaeva, A. A. Klishin, E. S. Tuzova, D. S. Minenkov, S. A. Kedik et Yu A. Seregin. « Quantitation of polysorbate 80 in recombinant protein formulation using high-performance liquid chromatography ». Fine Chemical Technologies 17, n^o 1 (9 avril 2022) : 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2022-17-1-39-49.

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Objectives. Polysorbate 80 (PS80) quantification in biopharmaceutical products has always been challenging owing to its minute content, absorption to the protein backbone, lack of specific chromophoric PS80 groups, and heterogenic nature. This work is aimed at developing an express method for PS80 analysis in biopharmaceutical products using hydrolysis and subsequent highperformance liquid chromatography analysis with ultraviolet detection that does not consume substantial amounts of sample (≥35 μL).Methods. Five therapeutic protein formulations were chosen as model proteins. Alkaline hydrolysis formulation was applied, without protein precipitation and with a range of precipitation techniques to remove protein from the test solution and hydrolyze PS80, to free fatty acids. The obtained hydrolysate was analyzed using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.Results. As a result of the high protein content of monoclonal antibody formulations, preliminary protein removal was required, which was achieved by precipitation with organic solvents. A specific precipitant ethanol–isopropanol mixture (1:1 volumetric ratio) was developed to efficiently remove antibodies while keeping PS80 in the solution. The PS80 quantification method was developed for monoclonal antibody drugs. For three monoclonal antibody drug products (adalimumab, infliximab, and eculizumab), method validation was performed according to the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, the United States Pharmacopeia, and the State Pharmacopeia of the Russian Federation guidelines.Conclusions. The optimal assay conditions for each group of recombinant monoclonal antibody substances were chosen. Protein precipitation with ethanol or ethanol–isopropanol mixtures before hydrolysis was introduced, allowing for a substantial reduction of sample to 35 μL or even less if PS80 content is higher than 0.05 mg/mL. Accelerated hydrolysis (90 min) is preferable to slow hydrolysis (4–18 h). Method validation for protein products such as adalimumab, infliximab, and eculizumab was demonstrated for the first time. Both methods were validated for each drug product. The coefficients of variation for method specificity and high precision were ≤6.0% for 3 analyses. The accuracy of the methods ranged from 96% to 109% for all of the tested drug products.

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Shah, Ankur K., Vibhu Sachdew, Julian Taylor-Parker, Umit Tapan, Yara Hamade Tohme, Yevgeniya Malinkovich, Ben Tran et al. « Effect of DNA-PK dependent phosphorylation of topo-I-S10 on its rate of proteasomal degradation and CPT response. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, n^o 3_suppl (20 janvier 2015) : 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.606.

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606 Background: Topoisomerase I (topo-I) degradation by ubiquitin proteasomal pathway (UPP), in response to camptothecins (CPTs) is linked to the CPT response. But the mechanism is not understood. Methods: Improvised GST pull down experiments were performed to isolate topo-I interacting proteins which were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and identified by mass spectrometry. DNA-PKcs mediated phosphorylation of GST-topo-I was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. Immunoblot analysis of anti-BRCA1 precipitates from HCT15 cell lines was performed. GST-topo-I phosphorylated by DNA-PKcs, was incubated with the BRCA1/BARD1 heterodimer in the presence of E1, UbCH5c and ATP in ubiquitination buffer. Four triple negative breast cancer cell lines were selected to compare the degree of topo-I degradation. Colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues were immunostained with 1C1.H5.H7 to determine topo-I-pS10 level and identify a correlation between the topo-I-pS10 level and CPT response. Results: We isolated a topo-I interacting protein complex and determined that Ku70/Ku80/DNA-PKcs complex associates with topo-I, and DNA-PKcs phosphorylates topo-I at Serine10. We showed that cells with higher topo-I-pS10 level rapidly degrade topo-I and are CPT resistant. The cells with non-detectable level of topo-I-pS10 fail to degrade topo-I and are CPT sensitive. Retrospective study with 48 CRC tissues immuno-stained with anti-topo-I-pS10 supported our cell line data. Percent DAB positive nuclei demonstrated statistically significant differential staining between CPT responders and non-responders, and ROC analysis confirmed that nearly all non-responders exhibit >35% positive nuclei, indicating that topo-I-pS10 level determines topo-I degradation and a potential predictive biomarker for CPT response. Conclusions: Colorectal cancers are treated with topo-I inhibitors, but the response rate is low. We have shown that topo-I degradation rate is linked to CPT response. We have determined that high topo-I-pS10 level is indicative of rapid topoI degradation and can serve as a biomarker for CPT resistance.

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Fowles, J. R., H. J. Green, R. Tupling, S. O'Brien et B. D. Roy. « Human neuromuscular fatigue is associated with altered Na+-K+-ATPase activity following isometric exercise ». Journal of Applied Physiology 92, n^o 4 (1 avril 2002) : 1585–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00668.2001.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that reductions in Na+-K+- ATPase activity are associated with neuromuscular fatigue following isometric exercise. In control (Con) and exercised (Ex) legs, force and electromyogram were measured in 14 volunteers [age, 23.4 ± 0.7 (SE) yr] before and immediately after (PST0), 1 h after (PST1), and 4 h after (PST4) isometric, single-leg extension exercise at ∼60% of maximal voluntary contraction for 30 min using a 0.5 duty cycle (5-s contraction, 5-s rest). Tissue was obtained from vastus lateralis muscle before exercise in Con and after exercise in both the Con (PST0) and Ex legs (PST0, PST1, PST4), for the measurements of Na+-K+-ATPase activity, as determined by the 3- O-methylfluorescein phosphatase (3- O-MFPase) assay. Voluntary (maximal voluntary contraction) and elicited (10, 20, 50, 100 Hz) force was reduced 30–55% ( P < 0.05) at PST0 and did not recover by PST4. Muscle action potential (M-wave) amplitude and area (measured in the vastus medialis) and 3- O-MFPase activity at PST0-Ex were less than that at PST0-Con ( P < 0.05) by 37, 25, and 38%, respectively. M-wave area at PST1-Ex was also less than that at PST1-Con ( P < 0.05). Changes in 3- O-MFPase activity correlated to changes in M-wave area across all time points ( r = 0.38, P < 0.05, n= 45). These results demonstrate that Na+-K+- ATPase activity is reduced by sustained isometric exercise in humans from that in a matched Con leg and that this reduction in Na+-K+-ATPase activity is associated with loss of excitability as indicated by M-wave alterations.

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Rosen, Allyson, Rebacca Floyd, Kathleen Gillis, Simin Gholibeikian, Shahrzad Ossareh et Wei Zhou. « PS76. Memory Decline following Carotid Interventions ». Journal of Vascular Surgery 53, n^o 6 (juin 2011) : 49S—50S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.103.

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Simkova, I., A. Remkova, T. Valkovicova et M. Kaldararova. « PS270 Platelet Abnormalities in Eisenmenger Syndrome ». Global Heart 11, n^o 2 (juin 2016) : e59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.207.

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Banerjee, Anjana, Sanhita Padhi et Tapan K. Adhya. « Persistence and biodegradation of vinclozolin in tropical rice soils ». Pesticide Science 55, n^o 12 (décembre 1999) : 1177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9063(199912)55:12<1177 ::aid-ps70>3.0.co;2-0.

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Mafra, Maria Sueli Heberle, Paulo Cezar Cassol, Jackson Adriano Albuquerque, Marco André Grohskopf, Andreia Patrícia Andrade, Luiz Paulo Rauber et Augusto Friederichs. « ORGANIC CARBON CONTENTS AND STOCKS IN PARTICLE SIZE FRACTIONS OF A TYPIC HAPLUDOX FERTILIZED WITH PIG SLURRY AND SOLUBLE FERTILIZER ». Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 39, n^o 4 (août 2015) : 1161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01000683rbcs20140177.

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The use of pig slurry (PS) as fertilizer can affect the soil quality and increase total stocks of soil organic carbon (TOC). However, the effects of PS on TOC amount and forms in the soil are not fully understood, particularly in areas under no-tillage (NT). The purpose of this study was to determine TOC contents and stocks in the particulate (POC) and mineral-associated C fractions (MAC) of an Oxisol after nine years of maize-oat rotation under NT, with annual applications of PS, soluble fertilizer and combined fertilization (pig slurry + soluble fertilizer). The experiment was initiated in 2001 in Campos Novos, Santa Catarina, with the following treatments: PS at rates of 0 (without fertilization - PS0); 25 (PS25); 50 (PS50); 100 (PS100); and 200 m3 ha-1yr-1 (PS200); fertilization with soluble fertilizer (SF); and mixed fertilization (PS + SF). The TOC content was determined in samples of six soil layers to a depth of 40 cm, and the POC and MAC contents in four layers to a depth of 20 cm. From the rate of 50 m3 ha-1yr-1 and upwards, the soil TOC content and stock increased according to the PS rates in the layers to a depth of 10 cm. The POC and MAC contents and stocks were higher in the surface layers, with a clear predominance of the second fraction, but a greater relative amplitude in the contents of the first fraction.

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Zhou, Xian, Xia Chen, Wei Han, Yi Han, Mengxin Guo, Ziling Peng, Zeyu Fan, Yan Shi et Sha Wan. « Tetracycline Removal by Hercynite-Biochar from the Co-Pyrolysis of Red Mud-Steel Slag-Sludge ». Nanomaterials 12, n^o 15 (28 juillet 2022) : 2595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12152595.

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The sludge-derived biochar is considered an effective emerging contaminants adsorbent for wastewater treatment. In this paper, red mud and steel slag (RMSS) was used for improving sludge dewaterability and enhancing the sludge-derived biochar adsorption capacity. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed to comprehensively characterize the mineral composition, functional group, and morphology of the adsorbent. RMSS was able to improve the sludge dewatering performance by providing a skeleton structure to promote drainage and Fe(III) to decrease the Zeta potential. The dosage of 20 mg/g RMSS was able to reduce the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and the Zeta potential of sludge from 1.57 × 1013 m/kg and −19.56 mV to 0.79 × 1013 m/kg and −9.10 mV, respectively. The co-pyrolysis of RMSS and sludge (2:8) induced the formation of biochar containing FeAl2O4 (PS80). The PS80 exhibited a large surface area (46.40 m2/g) and high tetracycline (TC) removal capacity (98.87 mg/g) when combined with H2O2 (PS80-H2O2). The adsorption process of TC onto PS80 and PS80-H2O2 was well described by the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating physisorption and chemisorption behavior. The results indicated that co-pyrolysis of RMSS sludge PS80-H2O2 could enhance the biochar adsorption capacity of TC, attributable to the degradation by ·OH generated by the heterogeneous Fenton reaction of FeAl2O4 and H2O2, the release of adsorbed sites, and the improvement of the biochar pore structure. This study proposed a novel method for the use of RMSS to dewater sludge as well as to induce the formation of FeAl2O4 in biochar with effective TC removal by providing a Fe and Al source, achieving a waste-to-resource strategy for the integrated management of industrial solid waste and sewage sludge.

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Islam, Sarder Safiqul, Subir Kumar Roy, Md Bashirul Islam, Chaitanya Paul et SM Monirul Huda. « Supplementation of Probiotics in Broiler Rations as an Alternative to Antibiotics ». South Asian Journal of Agriculture 8, n^o 1-2 (23 avril 2022) : 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/saja.v8i1-2.59266.

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Routine use of antibiotics in poultry production leads to its residues in meats and eggs and multi-drug resistance develops in human gut due to consumption of contaminated products. The study was conducted with a view to investigate the effect of probiotic supplementation to the poultry ration as an alternative to antibiotics on the performance of broilers. The experimental broilers were divided in four groups according to the treatments as control (no antibiotics or probiotics supplementation), AS20 (antibiotics supplementation @20g 100kg-1 of feed), PS10 (probiotics supplementation @10g 100kg-1 of feed) and PS20 (probiotics supplementation @20g 100kg-1 of feed). The experiment was laid out at Dr. Purnendu Gain Field Laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna by following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 replications for the treatments and 15 birds were included in each replication. The generic name of antibiotic used was oxytetracycline and trade name of probiotic was probiolac which contains a combination of several microorganisms of 32 billion CFU100g-1. Results revealed that the performances of broilers in terms of body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, feed cost and mortality rate varied insignificantly due to antibiotics and probiotics supplementation. Numerically, highest mortality was recorded in antibiotics supplemented group and no mortality observed in control and probiotic (@20g 100kg-1 of feed) fed group. Significant positive correlation was observed among feed intake, body weight, feed conversion ratio and growth rate of the chicks. It could be concluded that probiotic can be supplemented as an alternative to antibiotic in broiler ration. South Asian J. Agric., 8(1&2): 45-50

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Petrov, Victor, et Nikita Semenov. « Generically split projective homogeneous varieties. II ». Journal of K-Theory 10, n^o 1 (7 février 2012) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/is012001013jkt182.

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AbstractThis article gives a complete classification of generically split projective homogeneous varieties. This project was begun in our previous article [PS10], but here we remove all restrictions on the characteristic of the base field, give a new uniform proof that works in all cases and in particular includes the case PGO2n+ which was missing in [PS10].

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Zadvernyuk, Aleksandr S., Nadezhda V. Kulikova, Vera I. Nurik, Aleksander Yu Razumovskiy et Natalia A. Knyazeva. « Meso-Rex bypass in a 7-month-old child with prehepatic portal hypertension ». Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery 28, n^o 2 (30 mai 2024) : 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ps702.

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BACKGROUND: The prehepatic form of portal hypertension is the most common cause of portal hypertension in children. Nowadays mesoportal shunting is the most optimal therapy for such pathology. In the world literature, there are only few publications describing application of such surgical technique in children of the first year of life. CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: The article describes a case of a 7-month old child with prehepatic portal hypertension who had mesoportal bypass surgery. A month before the surgery, the child had an episode of gastrointestinal bleeding which was treated conservatively. Additional diagnostics before surgery included liver and spleen ultrasound examination, transarterial mesenteric portography, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The child was discharged home on the 6th postoperative day. For three months after the surgery, he received antiplatelet therapy and proton pump inhibitors. In 3-months, follow-up ultrasound showed satisfactory blood flow through the shunt. Patient’s weight gain had also a positive trend. CONCLUSION: Mesoportal bypass surgery is technically achievable in children of the first year of life. In our opinion, patient’s age has a positive impact on creating a functioning mesoportal shunt: the younger the patient, the greater the likelihood of favorable outcome.

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Gumerov, Ramil A., Ildar O. Valitov, Evgeny A. Smirnov et Sabina V. Kolodko. « Relapse of a false left-sided diaphragmatic hernia in a 2-year-old child complicated by strangulation and colon necrosis, cecum perforation and peritonitis ». Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery 28, n^o 2 (30 mai 2024) : 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ps740.

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BACKGROUND: Despite the large number of works devoted to diaphragmatic hernia (DH) in children, this problem is still one of the most pressing in pediatric surgery. Diagnostics and treatment of DH complications still remains one of the most difficult tasks for pediatric surgeons dealing with complications. The most dangerous one is strangulation of the recurrent hernia which leads to stomach and intestine necrosis. Many researchers point out that diagnostics of strangulated diaphragmatic hernia is a difficult issue. One of the reasons for late diagnosis may be physicians' insufficient knowledge on specific features of clinical course of this disease. Intensive development of video endoscopic surgery in pediatric practice contributes to the active implementation of modern technologies on DH treatment, thus leading to much better outcomes. CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: The authors present a rare clinical case: a 3-day-old child survived thoracoscopic correction of congenital Bochdalek diaphragmatic hernia. After the surgery, paroxysmal abdominal pain and vomiting appears from time to time. The child was treated by various specialists who put various diagnosis: appendicitis, intestinal colic, and gastritis. After this ineffective treatment, the 2-year old child was admitted to the hospital where strangulation of a recurrent diaphragmatic hernia complicated by colon necrosis, perforation of the cecum and peritonitis were diagnosed. The child had a comprehensive management including laparotomy, colon resection with end-to-end anastomosis, plastic surgery of the diaphragm dome, suturing of cecum perforation and sanitation of the abdominal cavity. The postoperative period was without complications. The patient was discharged on day 12 in satisfactory condition. 10 month later, at the follow-up visit, the child was found healthy, no complaints. CONCLUSION: Strangulated diaphragmatic hernia needs close attention because this pathology can lead to serious complications. Timely diagnostics and surgical treatment of congenital DH promote complete recovery and prevent complications.

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Barova, Natusya K., Ivan Kh Egiev, Alina N. Grigorova, Irma A. Ubilava, Andrey E. Stryukovsky, Valery M. Nadgeriev et Valery M. Starchenko. « The effectiveness of video-assisted thoracoscopic sanitation of the pleural cavity in combination with local proteolytic therapy in children with acute pleural empyema ». Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery 28, n^o 2 (30 mai 2024) : 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ps707.

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BACKGROUND: A positive experience of the local applicationof proteolytic enzymes for treating purulent-inflammatory processes of various localizations has motivated the researchers to study this challenging topic and to assess the effectiveness of proteolytic enzymes in combination with video thoracoscopic sanitation and ultrasonic cavitation of the lungs and pleural cavity in children with acute pleural empyema. AIM: To assess the effectiveness of complex treatment of acute pleural empyema in children. METHODS: In 2020–2022, 26 children, aged 1–17 (15 boys, 57.7% and 11 girls, 42.3%), were under observation. All children were operated on for video thoracoscopic sanitation of the pleural cavity and ultrasonic cavitation of the lungs and pleural cavity. Patients were divided into two groups: main group — 12 (46.2%) children who were injected proteolytic enzymes into their pleural cavity intraoperatively and at the postoperative period; control group — 14 (53.8%) children who had no any proteolytic enzyme injections. The developed technique (Method for the treatment of acute pleural empyema in children, Patent RU2770663) was used at the surgical intervention. RESULTS: The results obtained by the identified criteria have shown that proteolytic enzymes applied perioperatively is an effective technique what was confirmed by X-ray findings: fibrinothorax regression in the main group occurred earlier than in the control group by (2±0.4) days. CONCLUSION: Thus, we consider that proteolytic enzymes used intraoperatively and at the early postoperative period in combination with video thoracoscopic sanitation and ultrasound cavitation of the lungs and pleural cavity is a promising and effective method for treating acute pleural empyema and can be recommended for implementation into clinical practice.

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Vinel, Polina K., Valentina V. Tsareva, Pavel G. Baboshko, Anton I. Sinitskii, Artem S. Kozhevnikov et Alexandr V. Grunin. « Platelet monoamine oxidase and erythrocyte adenosine triphosphatase as biomarkers of necrotizing enterocolitis ». Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery 28, n^o 2 (30 mai 2024) : 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ps670.

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BACKGROUND: The diagnostics of necrotizing enterocolitis is a complex and often ineffective issue. Biomarkers reflecting key links in the pathogenesis of the disease may serve as early predictors of development, progression, and severe course of necrotizing enterocolitis. AIM: To assess potentials of platelet monoamine oxidase activity and erythrocyte ATPase to predict the development of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature newborns. METHODS: The present study had two stages and included 28 children who were treated at the Chelyabinsk Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital from November 2021 to December 2022. At the first stage, premature newborns were examined; among them a group of newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis IIB–IIIA-B was identified. Venous blood was used for testings. At the second stage, specimens obtained from the intestine during surgical interventions in newborns with surgical pathology were examined additionally as well. RESULTS: Children with necrotizing enterocolitis showed a significant decrease in the specific activity of platelet monoamine oxidase which correlated with the activity of monoamine oxidase in gut specimens. The following changes were registered: decrease in the activity of magnesium adenosine triphosphatasein erythrocytes by 50–100% of the maximum enzyme activity in the control group; decrease of sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity y 4 times from the maximum values in the control group. There was also a significant increase in the activity of calcium adenosine triphosphatase activity in erythrocytes. CONCLUSION: The obtained data allow to suggest that platelet monoamine oxidase in preterm newborns may potentially serve as an indicator of tissue and organ immaturity, rather than a marker of inflammation and oxidative damage. Changes in erythrocyte adenosine triphosphatase activity in preterm infants with surgical stages of necrotizing enterocolitis indicate a hypoxic hypoenergetic state, accompanied by high concentrations of intracellular calcium. The obtained data are promising for developing new methods for diagnosis/prognosis of necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns.

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Roitberg, Grigorij E., Igor E. Aznauryan, Oleg V. Strunin, Igor V. Smirnov, Victoria O. Balasanyan, Satenik G. Agagulyan, Natalia V. Kondratova et Vladimir V. Lazarev. « Anesthetic support for laser vision correction in children ». Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery 28, n^o 2 (30 mai 2024) : 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ps703.

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BACKGROUND: Currently, more and more laser surgeries are performed in pediatric ophthalmology. Expansion of indications for laser vision correction in children entails the increase in the number of patients and poses new specific tasks for pediatric anesthesiology. Solution of these problems is currently at the stage of active clinical search. AIM: To propose a safe, reproducible and controllable method of anesthesiological support at pediatric ophthalmic surgeries which would ensure complete immobility of the eyeball during the intervention and patient’s rapid awakening after the surgery. METHODS: A retrospective trial has been conducted. From October 2016 to May 2022, in the hospital of Joint Stock Company "Medicine" (clinic of Academician Roitberg) specialists from Yasny Vzor Children's Eye Clinics of Professor Igor Aznauryan operated on 429 children with ophthalmosurgical pathology. Laser vision correction was performed in children with refractive errors (astigmatism, hyperopia, congenital stable high myopia) complicated by anisometropia and/or amblyopia. The composite endpoint was surgeon's satisfaction with eye position during the main intervention and at the time of patient's awakening at the end of surgical stage. The surgeon's satisfaction was assessed with a 10-point scale, where 1 means no centration achieved and 10 means complete immobility during the correction. Awakening was the time from the end of surgical procedure until the removal of laryngeal mask after restoration of spontaneous breathing and signs of consciousness. RESULTS: All 429 patients included in the trial completed it. Awakening came quickly and lasted, on average, 13.3 min (95% confidence interval, 12.1–14.6 min). At the early postoperative period, pain syndrome was in significant and amounted to 1–3 points by the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability Scale and to 1–2 points by the Visual Analogue Scale. Additional anesthesia (Ibuprofen) was required in less than 10% of patients. Nausea, vomiting, and muscle pain were not observed in the postoperative period. CONCLUSION: The proposed technique is adequate for ensuring the eyeball immobility and for acceptable wake-up time up to 9–10 points by the Aldreth scale.

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