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1
DOSSI, ELENA. "Functional regeneration of the meso-cortico-limbic dopaminergic system as a model to study novel neuroreparative strategies." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/27833.
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Dopaminergic neurons in the VTA send projections to different forebrain structures, forming a complex crucial neuromodulatory system. Prefrontal, orbitofrontal and cingulated cortices receive the most marked innervation from the VTA; projections from the VTA to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) constitute a portion of the mesocortical dopamine system. Much of this connectivity is bidirectional. Furthermore, the mesocortical dopamine system is involved in a great variety of brain functions, such as working memory, attention selection and memory retrieval, because of its interconnections with brain areas processing external information as well as internal information (Miller et al., 2002).
Dopaminergic afferents from the mesencephalon seem to have a crucial role in the normal development of the PFC as well as in the regulation of neuronal activity in this brain area (Lewis et al., 1998). In fact, an abnormal maturation and alterations of the mesocortical projections to the PFC have been suggested to be involved in the development of psychostimulant-induced sensitization and in the pathophysiology of several disorders, such as schizophrenia, addiction or attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The analysis of the formation and development of functional connections in the Central Nervous System needs suitable model systems to understand the basic, functional mechanisms (Hofmann et al., 2004). We have reconstructed parts of the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system using the model of organotypic co-cultures of tissue slices from the VTA/SN-complex and the PFC. In fact, organotypic brain slices are closer to the in vivo situation than cell cultures and they represent the most intact culture system for studying cortex function in isolation (Gähwiler et al., 1997; Karpiak and Plenz, 2002; Stewart and Plenz, 2008); furthermore, by combining organotypic cultures with microelectrode array (MEA) recordings, it is possible to simultaneously and repeatedly perform extracellular, non-invasive, multi-site recordings from electrodes covering the whole preparation, and to monitor long- term processes of neurite outgrowth and development and synapse formation at a functional level (Egert et al., 1998; Beggs and Plenz, 2003 and 2004; Hofmann et al., 2004).
The aim of the present study was to characterize the developmental features of the VTA/SN-PFC co-cultures maintained on multielectrode array platforms, in order to study the functionality of the neuronal projections which have been demonstrated to grow in vitro between the two areas of the cultures (Franke et al., 2003; Heine et al., 2007). Furthermore, we validated the system as an useful pharmacological tool to study the effects of different neuromodulatory substances.
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Halton, E. J. "Projection constants and minimal projections in tensor product spaces." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374639.
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Evangelista, Eric C. "Evaluating Projections and Developing Projection Models for Daily Fantasy Basketball." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2019. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2025.
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Daily fantasy sports (DFS) has grown in popularity with millions of participants throughout the world. However, studies have shown that most profits from DFS contests are won by only a small percentage of players. This thesis addresses the challenges faced by DFS participants by evaluating sources that provide player projections for NBA DFS contests and by developing machine learning models that produce competitive player projections.
External sources are evaluated by constructing daily lineups based on the projections offered and evaluating those lineups in the context of all potential lineups, as well as those submitted by participants in competitive FanDuel DFS tournaments. Lineups produced by the machine learning models are also evaluated in the same manner.
This work experiments with several machine learning techniques including automated machine learning and notes the top model developed was successful in 48% of all FanDuel NBA DFS tournaments and 51% of single-entry tournaments over a two-month period, surpassing the top external source evaluated by 9 percentage points and 10 percentage points, respectively.
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Pokhrel, Damodar. "Brachytherapy Seed and Applicator Localization via Iterative Forward Projection Matching Algorithm using Digital X-ray Projections." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2283.
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Interstitial and intracavitary brachytherapy plays an essential role in management of several malignancies. However, the achievable accuracy of brachytherapy treatment for prostate and cervical cancer is limited due to the lack of intraoperative planning and adaptive replanning. A major problem in implementing TRUS-based intraoperative planning is an inability of TRUS to accurately localize individual seed poses (positions and orientations) relative to the prostate volume during or after the implantation. For the locally advanced cervical cancer patient, manual drawing of the source positions on orthogonal films can not localize the full 3D intracavitary brachytherapy (ICB) applicator geometry. A new iterative forward projection matching (IFPM) algorithm can explicitly localize each individual seed/applicator by iteratively matching computed projections of the post-implant patient with the measured projections. This thesis describes adaptation and implementation of a novel IFPM algorithm that addresses hitherto unsolved problems in localization of brachytherapy seeds and applicators. The prototype implementation of 3-parameter point-seed IFPM algorithm was experimentally validated using a set of a few cone-beam CT (CBCT) projections of both the phantom and post-implant patient’s datasets. Geometric uncertainty due to gantry angle inaccuracy was incorporated. After this, IFPM algorithm was extended to 5-parameter elongated line-seed model which automatically reconstructs individual seed orientation as well as position. The accuracy of this algorithm was tested using both the synthetic-measured projections of clinically-realistic Model-6711 125I seed arrangements and measured projections of an in-house precision-machined prostate implant phantom that allows the orientations and locations of up to 100 seeds to be set to known values. The seed reconstruction error for simulation was less than 0.6 mm/3o. For the physical phantom experiments, IFPM absolute accuracy for position, polar angle, and azimuthal angel were (0.78 ± 0.57) mm, (5.8 ± 4.8)o, and (6.8 ± 4.0)o, respectively. It avoids the need to match corresponding seeds in each projection and accommodates incomplete data, overlapping seed clusters, and highly-migrated seeds. IFPM was further generalized from 5-parameter to 6-parameter model which was needed to reconstruct 3D pose of arbitrary-shape applicators. The voxelized 3D model of the applicator was obtained from external complex combinatorial geometric modeling. It is then integrated into the forward projection matching method for computing the 2D projections of the 3D ICB applicators, iteratively. The applicator reconstruction error for simulation was about 0.5 mm/2o. The residual 2D registration error (positional difference) between computed and actual measured applicator images was less than 1 mm for the intrauterine tandem and about 1.5 mm for the bilateral colpostats in each detector plane. By localizing the applicator’s internal structure and the sources, the effect of intra and inter-applicator attenuation can be included in the resultant dose distribution and CBCT metal streaking artifact mitigation. The localization accuracy of better than 1 mm and 6o has the potential to support more accurate Monte Carlo-based or 2D TG-43 dose calculations in clinical practice. It is hoped the clinical implementation of IFPM approach to localize elongated line-seed/applicator for intraoperative brachytherapy planning may have a positive impact on the treatment of prostate and cervical cancers.
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Dellaposta, Jo-Ann J. "Homonymous projections /." Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11376.
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Velona, Theodora. "Insights into the generation of diversity in neocortical projection neurons : plexinD1 controls the correct laminar positioning of neurons with heterotopic transcallosal projections." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0352/document.
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Les neurones à projection callosale (CPN) sont une sous-population de neurones néocorticaux qui relient les hémisphères cérébraux par le corps calleux, la plus grande commissure chez les mammifères non placentaires. Les CPNs varient dans leur position laminaire, identité moléculaire, morphologie somatodendritique et cibles axonales. La plupart des CPNs projettent de façon homotopique dans le cortex controlatéral, et certains CPNs projettent vers des régions corticales ou sous-corticales (ex. striatum) non homologues. Les mécanismes régissant le développement de ces CPNs à projection hétérotopique sont actuellement inconnus. Ici, j'ai étudié le récepteur PlexinD1 comme marqueur potentiel des CPNs à projections hétérotopiques. J'ai trouvé que PlexinD1 est exprimé au cours du développement et maintenu dans le cerveau adulte, où il est localisé dans les couches 4 et 5A. Les neurones positifs à PlexinD1 expriment le facteur de transcription Satb2 qui définit les CPNs. Le traçage axonal rétrograde a montré que les CPNs à projection hétérotopique du cortex moteur et somatosensoriel sont spécifiquement localisés dans la couche 5A et expriment PlexinD1. L'ablation génétique de PlexinD1 ou de son ligand Sema3E provoque un mauvais positionnement des CPNs à projection hétérotopique dans les couches corticales supérieures, alors que la surexpression de PlexinD1 dans les neurones des couches supérieures entraîne un mauvais positionnement des cellules dans les couches corticales profondes. Ces résultats indiquent que la signalisation PlexinD1 contrôle la position laminaire des CPNs à projection hétérotopique en régulant leur migration radiale pendant le développement néocortical<br>Callosal projection neurons (CPN) represent a subpopulation of neocortical neurons that interconnect the two brain hemispheres through the corpus callosum, the largest commissural tract in non-placental mammals. CPNs exhibit diversity in terms of laminar position in the neocortex, molecular identity, somatodendritic morphology and axonal targeting. For example, most CPNs send homotopic axonal projections to homologous areas of the contralateral cortex, while subgroups of CPNs send heterotopic projections to non-homologous cortical or subcortical (eg. striatum) regions. The mechanisms governing the development of heterotopically projecting CPNs are currently unknown. To address this question, I studied the axon guidance receptor PlexinD1 as a potential marker of CPNs with heterotopic projections. I found that PlexinD1 is expressed in the developing cortical plate and is maintained in the adult brain, where it mainly localized to layer 4 and 5A. PlexinD1-positive neurons were found to express the transcription factor Satb2 that define CPNs. Retrograde axonal tracing showed that heterotopically projecting CPNs in the motor and somatosensory cortex are specifically localized to layer 5A and express PlexinD1. Genetic ablation of PlexinD1 or its Sema3E ligand in the cortex caused mispositionning of heterotopically projecting CPNs in upper cortical layers, whereas overexpression of PlexinD1 in upper layer neurons resulted in misplacement of the cells in deep cortical layers. Together, these results indicate that PlexinD1 signalling controls the laminar position of heterotopically projecting CPNs by regulating their radial migration during neocortical development
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Nilsson, Anders. "Dimensions and projections." Licentiate thesis, Umeå University, Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-939.
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<p>This thesis concerns dimensions and projections of sets that could be described as fractals. The background is applied problems regarding analysis of human tissue. One way to characterize such complicated structures is to estimate the dimension. The existence of different types of dimensions makes it important to know about their properties and relations to each other. Furthermore, since medical images often are constructed by x-ray, it is natural to study projections.</p><p>This thesis consists of an introduction and a summary, followed by three papers.</p><p>Paper I, Anders Nilsson, Dimensions and Projections: An Overview and Relevant Examples, 2006. Manuscript.</p><p>Paper II, Anders Nilsson and Peter Wingren, Homogeneity and Non-coincidence of Hausdorff- and Box Dimensions for Subsets of ℝ<i>n</i>, 2006. Submitted.</p><p>Paper III, Anders Nilsson and Fredrik Georgsson, Projective Properties of Fractal Sets, 2006. To be published in Chaos, Solitons and Fractals.</p><p>The first paper is an overview of dimensions and projections, together with illustrative examples constructed by the author. Some of the most frequently used types of dimensions are defined, i.e. Hausdorff dimension, lower and upper box dimension, and packing dimension. Some of their properties are shown, and how they are related to each other. Furthermore, theoretical results concerning projections are presented, as well as a computer experiment involving projections and estimations of box dimension.</p><p>The second paper concerns sets for which different types of dimensions give different values. Given three arbitrary and different numbers in (0,<i>n</i>), a compact set in ℝ<i>n</i> is constructed with these numbers as its Hausdorff dimension, lower box dimension and upper box dimension. Most important in this construction, is that the resulted set is homogeneous in the sense that these dimension properties also hold for every non-empty and relatively open subset.</p><p>The third paper is about sets in space and their projections onto planes. Connections between the dimensions of the orthogonal projections and the dimension of the original set are discussed, as well as the connection between orthogonal projection and the type of projection corresponding to realistic x-ray. It is shown that the estimated box dimension of the orthogonal projected set and the realistic projected set can, for all practical purposes, be considered equal.</p>
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CIFANI, MARIA GIOIA. "Monodromy of projections." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1292129.
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Noël, Nicolas. "Dépôts partiellement nanostructurés par projection plasma conventionnelle et forte puissance de zircone yttriée." Limoges, 2006. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/5f055c6b-7d3e-47a9-845c-724436e87655/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0046.pdf.
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Lors d’une projection thermique de zircone partiellement stabilisée de type Nanox (particules micrométrique faites de nanoparticules agglomérées), il est difficile de conserver la nanostructure. Cela ne peut être réalisé que lorsque les plus grosses particules sont fondues en périphérie alors que les plus petites le sont totalement formant un liant entre les parties infondues nanostructurées. C’est pourquoi les temps de résidence des particules projetées, le coefficient de transfert thermique entre le plasma et les particules, les profils de température du plasma et les vitesses d’impact des particules doivent être soigneusement contrôlées pour pouvoir obtenir des dépôts présentant une distribution bimodale de structures nano et micrométriques ainsi qu’une tenue mécanique adéquate. Des projections thermiques ont été effectuées au moyen de torches PT-F4 et Plazjet (tuyères Conique et Step). Les paramètres de fonctionnement ont été optimisés via modélisation du traitement thermique des particules et caractérisation (module de Weibull de la dureté, microscopie électronique et optique) des dépôts. Avec la torche PT-F4, la nanostructure ne représente au mieux que 20 % du volume des dépôts alors que la Plazjet équipée d’une tuyère conique permet d’atteindre 40 % de nanostructure avec une meilleure tenue mécanique<br>When spraying partially stabilized zirconia micrometric particles made of agglomerated nanoparticles (Nanox), it is difficult to keep the nanostructure. This can be achieved only if the big particles are melted only at their periphery while the small are completely melted to make the “cement” between the unmelted nanostrutured cores. Thus the residence time of the particle, the heat transfer coefficient between plasma and particles, the plasma temperatures and the particle impact velocity have to be carefully controlled to achieve coatings with bimodal distribution of nano and micrometric structures and a sufficient mechanical resistance. Spraying has been performed with PT-F4 and Plazjet (equipped with Conical or Step anode nozzle) torches. The working parameters have been optimized though modelling of the heat treatment of particles and characterization (hardness Weibull modulus and Scanning Electron Microscope or Optical Microscope) of coatings. With the PT-F4 torch the nanostructure represents at the best 20 % of the coating volume while with the Plazjet equipped with the conical nozzle nanostructure can reach 40 % with a better mechanical resistance than that obtained with the PT-F4 with 20 % nanostructure
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Parker, David Jr. "The Projectionist." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2008. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/662.
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Poon, Edward. "Frames of orthogonal projections." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63699.pdf.
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Ben, Ayed Hela. "Mood and functional projections." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82828.
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In this dissertation, I investigate the structural representation of mood in a Minimalist framework. This investigation is based on the study of mood particles in Modern Standard Arabic and the way they interact with (i) the verb and (ii) negation. Arabic subjunctive particles are compared to subjunctive Balkan particles.<br>The main suggestion is that Arabic clause structure involves an inflectional projection Modal Phrase (ModP) that hosts the subjunctive particle ?an as well as other mood particles all of which check verbal mood morphology through the operation Agree.<br>The subjunctive particle ?an is compared to Balkan subjunctive particles and is argued to be an inflectional element rather than a lower complementizer in the sense of Rizzi (1997). In particular, it is suggested that Arabic and Balkan subjunctive particles fall into two types: (i) Type 1 inflectional particles that check a mood feature with the verb and that may occur in clauses lacking the CP layer. These include Arabic ?an and Romanian sǎ, and (ii) Type 2 lower Comp particles that do not check any verbal feature and that require the projection of the CP layer. These include Greek na and Bulgarian da.<br>As far as the interaction of mood particles with negation, it is suggested that some mood particles including subjunctive ?an may select NegP and check verbal mood across negation. Other particles, however, may not select NegP and are incompatible with negation.
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Karl, William Clement. "Reconstructing objects from projections." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13699.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1991.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 299-307).<br>by William Clement Karl.<br>Ph.D.
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Fadel, Samuel Gomes. "Understanding interactive multidimensional projections." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-16012017-095849/.
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The large amount of available data on a diverse range of human activities provides many opportunities for understanding, improving and revealing unknown patterns in them. Powerful automatic methods for extracting this knowledge from data are already available from machine learning and data mining. They, however, rely on the expertise of analysts to improve their results when those are not satisfactory. In this context, interactive multidimensional projections are a useful tool for the analysis of multidimensional data by revealing their underlying structure while allowing the user to manipulate the results to provide further insight into this structure. This manipulation, however, has received little attention regarding their influence on the mappings, as they can change the final layout in unpredictable ways. This is the main motivation for this research: understanding the effects caused by changes in these mappings. We approach this problem from two perspectives. First, the user perspective, we designed and developed visualizations that help reduce the trial and error in this process by providing the right piece of information for performing manipulations. Furthermore, these visualizations help explain the changes in the map caused by such manipulations. Second, we defined the effectiveness of manipulation in quantitative terms, then developed an experimental framework for assessing manipulations in multidimensional projections under this view. This framework is based on improving mappings using known evaluation measures for these techniques. Using the improvement of measures as different types of manipulations, we perform a series of experiments on five datasets, five measures, and four techniques. Our experimental results show that there are possible types of manipulations that can happen effectively, with some techniques being more susceptible to manipulations than others.<br>O grande volume de dados disponíveis em uma diversa gama de atividades humanas cria várias oportunidades para entendermos, melhorarmos e revelarmos padrões previamente desconhecidos em tais atividades. Métodos automáticos para extrair esses conhecimentos a partir de dados já existem em áreas como aprendizado de máquina e mineração de dados. Entretanto, eles dependem da perícia do analista para obter melhores resultados quando estes não são satisfatórios. Neste contexto, técnicas de projeção multidimensional interativas são uma ferramenta útil para a análise de dados multidimensionais, revelando sua estrutura subjacente ao mesmo tempo que permite ao analista manipular os resultados interativamente, estendendo o processo de exploração. Essa interação, entretanto, não foi estudada com profundidade com respeito à sua real influência nos mapeamentos, já que podem causar mudanças não esperadas no mapeamento final. Essa é a principal motivação desta pesquisa: entender os efeitos causados pelas mudanças em tais mapeamentos. Abordamos o problema de duas perspectivas. Primeiro, da perspectiva do usuário, desenvolvemos visualizações que ajudam a diminuir tentativas e erros neste processo provendo a informação necessária a cada passo da interação. Além disso, essas visualizações ajudam a explicar as mudanças causadas no mapeamento pela manipulação. A segunda perspectiva é a efetividade da manipulação. Definimos de forma quantitativa a efetividade da manipulação, e então desenvolvemos um arcabouço para avaliar manipulações sob a visão da efetividade. Este arcabouço é baseado em melhorias nos mapeamentos usando medidas de avaliação conhecidas para tais técnicas. Usando tais melhorias como diferentes formas de manipulação, realizamos uma série de experimentos em cinco bases de dados, cinco medidas e quatro técnicas. Nossos resultados experimentais nos dão evidências que existem certos tipos de manipulação que podem acontecer efetivamente, com algumas técnicas sendo mais suscetíveis a manipulações do que outras.
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Cline, Hunter. "Projections of Caesar 2012." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/173.
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Julius Caesar is a play that has been performed for hundreds of years, but in our modern adaptation we've used technology and the art of projections to give this classic play a modernistic flair and demonstrate the parallels between the political turmoil of that time and our own.
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Smith, Geoffrey Hutchinson. "New methods for projecting enrollments within urban school districts." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5995.
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This dissertation models K-12 enrollment within an urban school district using two grade progression ratio (gpr)-based and two housing choice methods. The housing choice methods provide, for the first time, a new spatio-demographic model for projecting school enrollments by grade for any flexibly defined set of individual catchment areas. All methods use the geocoded pattern of individual, address-matched, enrollments within the study district but are different in the way they model this data to estimate key parameters. The conventional method projects the intra-urban pattern of enrollment by assuming no change in grade progression ratios (gprs), which are themselves functions of enrollment change. The adaptive kernel ratio estimation (KRE) of local gprs successfully predicts local changes in gprs from three preceding two-year periods of gpr change. The two housing choice methods are based on different mixtures of a generalized linear and a periodic model, each of which use housing counts and characteristics. Results are clearly sensitive to these differences. Using the above predictions of gpr change, the adaptive KRE enrollment projections are 4.1% better than those made using the conventional model. The two housing choice models were 2.0% less accurate than the conventional model for the first three years of the projection but were 5.1% more accurate than this model for the fourth and fifth years of the projection. Limitations are discussed. These findings help close a major gap in the literature of small-area enrollment projections, shed new light on spatial dynamics collected at areas below the scale of the school district, and permit new kinds of investigations of urban/suburban school district demography.
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Vallance, Scott, and scottvallance@internode on net. "Trilinear Projection." Flinders University. School of Informatics & Engineering, 2005. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20050714.113416.
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In computer graphics a projection describes the mapping of scene geometry to the screen. While linear projections such as perspective and orthographic projection are common, increasing applications are being found for nonlinear projections, which do not necessarily map straight lines in the scene to straight lines on the screen. Nonlinear projections occur in reflections and refractions on curved surfaces, in art, and in visualisation.
This thesis presents a new nonlinear projection technique called a trilinear projection that is based on the trilinear interpolation of surface normals used in Phong shading. Trilinear projections can be combined to represent more complicated nonlinear projections. Nonlinear projections have previously been implemented with ray tracing, where rays are generated by the nonlinear projections and traced into the scene. However for performance reasons, most current graphics software uses scanline rendering, where a scene point is imaged on a screen as a function of the projection parameters. The techniques developed in this thesis are of this nature.
This thesis presents several algorithms used in trilinear projection:
1. An algorithm to analytically determine which screen locations image a given scene point.
2. An algorithm that correctly connects projected vertices. Each scene point may be imaged multiple times, which means a projected scene triangle may form from one to four different shapes of from two to nine vertices. Once connected, the projected shapes may be rendered with standard scanline algorithms.
3. An algorithm to more accurately render the curved edges between projected vertices.
4. A scene-space edge-clipping algorithm that handles continuity issues for projected shapes across composite projections.
The trilinear projection technique is demonstrated in two different application areas: visualisation, and reflections and refractions. Specifically, various nonlinear projections that are congruent with pre-existing visualisation techniques are implemented with trilinear projections and a method for approximating the reflections and refractions on curved surfaces with trilinear projections is presented. Finally, the performance characteristics of the trilinear projection is explored over various parameter ranges and compared with a naive ray tracing approach.
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Phillips, Lee Stephen. "Projection synthesis." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367051.
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Guérette, André. "On projections of hypermetric inequalities." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80284.
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In this thesis, we explore linear programming relaxations for the Max Cut problem in graphs. We study the cone obtained by projecting homogeneous 3- and 5-gonal inequalities onto the edge sets of graphs, denoted (3, 5)- MET(G). We provide a characterization of facets of this cone pertaining to the subdivision of a K5. We show that (3, 5)-MET(G) ≡ CUT(G) for any graph G = ( V, E) with |V| ≤ 6 (except G = K6). We also propose a construction and conjecture that it can be used to generate all facets of this cone, in general. We endeavour to establish a tighter upper bound on the integrality ratio for relaxations that use hypermetric inequalities.
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Fujinaga, Ichiro. "Optical music recognition using projections." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61870.
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Taylor, John-Paul. "Ipsilateral corticospinal projections in man." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341447.
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Speas, Margaret Jean. "Adjunctions and projections in syntax." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15108.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 1986.<br>MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND HUMANITIES.<br>Bibliography: leaves 325-333.<br>by Margaret Jean Speas.<br>Ph.D.
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Tataru, Grigore Raul 1976. "Adiabatic limit and SzegÅ projections." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29351.
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Brown, Marisa. "Of Atlases and False Projections." Thesis, Boston College, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/577.
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Thesis advisor: George O'Har<br>In these three longer short stories I explore the theme of "sense of place," of the geographic and psychological confusion of the world and the people in and on it. The first piece, "Cartography," is the story of a woman who, despite living in a large and vibrant city, struggles to find herself within it. The second piece, "The Birds," is the story of a man, Adam, who searches to define himself against the earth and attempts to reject his own embodiment, ultimately failing, but in doing so finds something else. The third piece, "Men Shall Know Nothing of This" (also the title of a Max Ernst painting) is a brief history of a city — and how it continues even when it appears to be dying — past its industrial prime, told through the interactions of four characters with the main road<br>Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2005<br>Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: English<br>Discipline: College Honors Program
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Trigueiros, F. P. Maria-José. "Applications booléennes et projections polyèdrales." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0060.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dans cette thèse, nous présentons une généralisation de l'approche polyédrale classique du problème de satisfiabilité d'un ensemble de fonctions booléennes {fl,…, fm} à n variables. Nous proposons d'élargir la représentation spatiale au graphe d'une application booléenne f = (fl,…, fm). Autrement dit, nous construisons le sous-ensemble des points de l'hypercube de dimension n+m dont les coordonnées sont les lignes de la table de vérité de fl,…, fm. Nous considérons ensuite l'enveloppe convexe de ces points. L'objet de ce travail est de donner un large ensemble d'applications booléennes dont le polytope associé admet par projection, une caractérisation polynomiale, c'est-à-dire une formulation compacte. La satisfiabilité des fonctions fl,…, fm pourra alors être déterminée en temps polynomial par des méthodes de programmation linéaire. La thèse est organisée comme suit: premièrement nous présentons le principe d'approche utilisée ici, que nous appelons projection par famille génératrice, et les résultats théoriques sur lesquels elle s'appuie. Deuxièmement, nous étudions trois classes d'applications booléennes. La première est bien connue, c'est celle des applications symétriques. Les deux autres qui la contiennent, sont nouvelles et sont les fonctions k-quasi―symétriques à n variables, 1≤k≤n, et leur concaténation. Finalement, nous appliquons la méthode de projection à ces applications pour obtenir des formulations compactes.
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Maas, Ellen DvL. "Uncertainties in Soil Model Projections." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587396700081549.
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Damberg, Gerwin. "Computational projection display : towards efficient high brightness projection in cinema." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62421.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cinema projectors need to compete with home theater displays in terms
of image quality. High frame rate and high spatial resolution as well as
stereoscopic 3D are common features today, but even the most advanced cinema
projectors lack in-scene contrast and more importantly high peak luminance,
both of which are essential perceptual attributes for images to look
realistic. At the same time studies on HDR image statistics suggest
that the average image intensity in a controlled ambient viewing
environment such as cinema can be as low as 1% for cinematic HDR
content and does not often exceed 18%, middle gray in photography. Traditional
projection systems form images and colours by blocking the source light from a lamp,
therefore attenuating on average between 99% and 82% of light before it reaches the screen. This
inefficient use of light poses significant challenges for achieving
higher peak brightness levels.
We propose a new projector architecture built around
commercially available components, in which light can be steered to
form images. The gain in system efficiency significantly reduces the total cost of ownership of a projector (fewer components and lower operating cost) and at the same time increases peak luminance and improves black level beyond what is practically
achievable with incumbent projector technologies. At the heart of
this computational display technology is a new projector hardware
design using phase-modulation in combination with new optimization
algorithms for real-time phase retrieval. Based on this concept we propose and design a full featured projector prototype.
To allow for display of legacy SDR as well as high brightness HDR content on light steering projectors we derive perceptually motivated, calibrated tone mapping and colour appearance models.
We develop a calibrated optical forward model of the projector hardware and analyse the impact of content mapping parameters and algorithm choices on (light) power requirements.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Computer Science, Department of<br>Graduate
28
Luz, Liliana Alexandra Laracho da Silva. "NOCICEPTIVE PROCESSING ON PROJECTION AND NON-PROJECTION LAMINA I NEURONS." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/57128.
Texte intégral
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Luz, Liliana Alexandra Laracho da Silva. "NOCICEPTIVE PROCESSING ON PROJECTION AND NON-PROJECTION LAMINA I NEURONS." Tese, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/57128.
Texte intégral
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Ott, William. "Infinite-dimensional dynamical systems and projections." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/248.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.<br>Thesis research directed by: Mathematics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
31
Kim, Tae Sik. "Small projections and grammaticalization in Korean." INDIANA UNIVERSITY, 2012. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3489742.
Texte intégral
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Polyakov, Maksym. "Interregional aspects of timber inventory projections." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2004%20Fall/Dissertations/POLYAKOV_MAKSYM_42.pdf.
Texte intégral
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Simeoni, Fabio. "Type projections over sef-describing data." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15489.
Texte intégral
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Anderson, James Arthur Dean Wallace. "Canonical description of the perspective projections." Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316406.
Texte intégral
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Li, Daqing. "Entorhino-hippocampal projections in organotypic cultures." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315340.
Texte intégral
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Tchelebi, N. R. "'Us versus them' : projections in organisations." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2012. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/21427/.
Texte intégral
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Prince, Jerry L. "Geometric model-based estimation from projections." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14667.
Texte intégral
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Deffet, Bernard. "Built open field : observations and projections." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73300.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1989.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-211).<br>How are dimensions used in order to arrive at a relative relationship between the figure and the ground? How do dimensions structure the field? How do they generate movement, change,continuity, discontinuity. transparency, alternations ...... ? This thesis attempts to answer these few basic questions. Basic in that they all relate to an understanding of organization. The premise is that the strength of a good physical environment lies in its organization. in the basic relationships between the parts. The organization then becomes a support for further transformation. This thesis is also on observation. What is observation? What does it do? How do architects observe? The premise here is that learning how to observe or developing observational methods may be the only way to get us out of the chaotic, singular, non-committal, disassociative state of today's built world. This thesis is an observational exercise focusing on dimensional stability as an organizing principle.<br>by Bernard Deffet.<br>M.Arch.
39
Levene, Jonathan (Jonathan Steven) 1974. "A framework for non-realistic projections." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49647.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1998.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 46-48).<br>by Jonathan Levene.<br>M.Eng.
40
Agniel, Vidal. "Dilatations d'opérateurs et projections L^p." Thesis, Lille, 2021. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/EDSPI/2021/2021LILUI001.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse porte sur l'étude de classes d'opérateurs. On étudie principalement deux familles différentes de classes d'opérateurs.- Les premières classes étudiées sont des classes d'opérateurs sur des espaces de Hilbert généralisant les classes $C_{ho}$ de Sz.Nagy et Foias.Pour $(ho_n)_n$ une suite de nombres complexes non-nuls, on définit la classe $C_{(ho_n)}(H)$ comme l'ensemble des opérateurs $T in mathcal{L}(H)$ qui possèdent une $(ho_n)$-dilatation : il existe un espace de Hilbert K et un opérateur unitaire $U in mathcal{L}(K)$ avec $H subset K$ tels que $T^n=ho_n P_H U^n|_H$ pour tout n $geq$ 1 ($P_H in mathcal{L}(K)$ étant la projection orthogonale de K sur H). Ces classes peuvent être associées à une fonction holomorphe $f_{(ho_n)}$ ainsi qu'à une quasi-norme $w_{(ho_n)}$. Nous utilisons les liens entre ces trois objets pour caractériser, décrire, et donner plusieurs propriétés spectrales sur les opérateurs contenues dans ces classes. Nous exhibons de même des relations entre plusieurs classes de cette forme, nous généralisons des résultats connus pour les classes $C_{(ho)}$, et donnons divers exemples et situations offrant des comportements différents du cas $C_{(ho)}$. Nous apportons aussi une nouvelle vision géométrique sur un résultat entre des quasi-normes $w_{ho}$, et nous étendons des calculs de $w_{ho}(T)$ pour des opérateurs T annulés par un polynôme de degré deux.- La deuxième partie principale de cette thèse concerne les classes de L^p-projections. Une L^p-projection sur un espace de Banach X, pour $1leq p leq +infty$, est une projection P qui vérifie $ |f|_X = |(|P(f)|_X, |(I-P)(f)|_X) |_{ell_{p}}$ pour tout f dans X. Cette relation est une version L^p de l'égalité $|f|^2=|Q(f)|^2 + |(I-Q)(f)|^2$, vérifiée pour les projections orthogonales dans les espaces de Hilbert.Nous nous intéressons aux relations entre les L^p-projections sur un espace de Banach X et celles sur un sous-espace F, sur un quotient X/F, ou sur un sous-espace de quotient G/F. Des caractérisations complètes sont apportées pour des espaces de Banach vérifiant quelques propriétés additionnelles, et selon la valeur de p.Nous introduisons aussi la notion de L^p-projection maximale pour X, c'est-à-dire des L^p-projections définies sur un sous-espace G de X qui ne peuvent pas être étendues comme L^p-projections sur un sous-espace plus grand, et étudions leurs propriétés, en particulier dans le cas de la dimension finie.Nous obtenons de même une caractérisation des L^{infty}-projections sur tous les espaces L^{infty}(Omega) via de nouvelles méthodes, en généralisant ainsi les résultats connus à ce sujet<br>This thesis focuses on the study of classes of operators. Two different families of classes of operators are mainly studied.- The first classes we study are classes of operators on Hilbert spaces that generalize the classes $C_{ho}$ of Nagy and Foias. For $(ho_n)_n$ a sequence of non-zero complex numbers, we define the class $C_{(ho_n)}(H)$ as the set of operators $T in mathcal{L}(H)$ that are said to possess a $(ho_n)$-dilation: there exists a Hilbert space K and a unitary operator $U in mathcal{L}(K)$ with $H subset K$ and $T^n=ho_n P_H U^n|_H$ for every $n geq 1$ ($P_H in mathcal{L}(K)$ being the orthogonal projection from K onto its closed subspace H). These classes can be associated with an holomorphic map $f_{(ho_n)}$ as well as a quasi-norm $w_{(ho_n)}$. These three objects are tied together and we use them to characterize, describe, and give several spectral properties of operators belonging to this class.We give multiple relationships between multiple classes of this form, generalize many results that were known for classes $C_{(ho)}$, and give several examples and cases that exhibit new behaviours. We also bring a new geometric meaning behind a relationship between quasi-norms $w_{ho}$ and extend the computations of $w_{ho}(T)$ for operators T that are zeroes of a degree two polynomial.- The second main part of our study concerns classes of L^p-projections.An L^p-projection on a Banach space X, for $1leq p leq +infty$, is an idempotent operator P satisfying $ |f|_X = |(|P(f)|_X, |(I-P)(f)|_X) |_{ell_{p}}$ for all f in X. This is anL^p version of the equality $|f|^2=|Q(f)|^2 + |(I-Q)(f)|^2$, valid for orthogonal projections on Hilbert spaces.We are interested into relationships between L^p-projections on a Banach space X and L^p-projections on a subspace F, on a quotient X/F, or on a subspace of a quotient G/F. These questions are given an answer on Banach spaces with additional properties, depending on the value of p.We also introduce a notion of maximal L^p-projections for X, that is L^p-projections defined on a subspace G of X that cannot be extended to L^p-projections on larger subspaces, and study their properties, especially on finite dimensional Banach spaces. A characterization of L^{infty}-projections on every space L^{infty}(Omega) is obtained as well using new methods, generalizing previously known results
41
Thompson, Ross Anthony. "Galerkin Projections Between Finite Element Spaces." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52968.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Adaptive mesh refinement schemes are used to find accurate low-dimensional approximating spaces when solving elliptic PDEs with Galerkin finite element methods. For nonlinear PDEs, solving the nonlinear problem with Newton's method requires an initial guess of the solution on a refined space, which can be found by interpolating the solution from a previous refinement. Improving the accuracy of the representation of the converged solution computed on a coarse mesh for use as an initial guess on the refined mesh may reduce the number of Newton iterations required for convergence. In this thesis, we present an algorithm to compute an orthogonal L^2 projection between two dimensional finite element spaces constructed from a triangulation of the domain. Furthermore, we present numerical studies that investigate the efficiency of using this algorithm to solve various nonlinear elliptic boundary value problems.<br>Master of Science
42
Wong, ChiKun Jimmy. "Spherical projections and CAT(1) spaces /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487940665434864.
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Zhang, Jiaqi. "Minimizing Map Distortion Using Oblique Projections." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1512010345986894.
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Noftz, William Andrew. "Cholinergic Projections to the Inferior Colliculus." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1598536937354225.
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Tsukamoto, Tatsuya. "Knot-inevitable projections of planar graphs /." Electronic version of summary, 1999. http://www.wul.waseda.ac.jp/gakui/gaiyo/2870.pdf.
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Franklin, Gustav. "Removing cusps from Legendrian front projections." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Algebra och geometri, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-395818.
Texte intégral
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Tint, Win. "Population projections for Burma 1983-2013." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117557.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Most countries in the world endeavour to develop
their society and economy by means of short and long-term
plans. In attempting to do this, information on the current
and future size of the population and its age-sex
distribution play an important role. Population projections
are thus essential tools for development planning.
In this study, an attempt has been made to project
the population size and age-sex structure of Burma for a
thirty year period from 1983 to 2013. The information
provided by the 1983 census is used as basic data even
though it has some limitations. To describe the rough
demographic trends of the country, the data from annual
vital statistics reports are also utilized.
There are six chapters in this study. In Chapter I,
the geographic and demographic backgrounds, of Burma are
viewed. Chapter II is an analysis of the 1983 census age-sex
distribution by means of sex ratios and age accuracy
indices. Adjusted and smoothed age-sex data are obtained by
three methods.
In Chapter III, the three components of population
growth: mortality; fertility and migration are examined. It
is found that Burma's mortality and fertility have declined
over time. A high level of literacy, an increase in the
singulate mean age at marriage (SMAM) and decrease in the
proportion of married led to fertility decline.
International migration is not significant in Burma.
In Chapter IV, population projections are made using
3 mortality and 4 fertility assumptions. In Chapter V, the
implications of the projected population are assessed. The
effect of rapid population growth on the socio-economic
sectors: agriculture; education; health and employment are
evaluated. This study concludes that the higher the
fertility, the greater the problems for socio-economic
development in the country. Fertility control is desirable
to prevent further economic deterioration in Burma.
48
SOMAGLIA, JACOPO. "RICH FAMILIES OF PROJECTIONS AND RETRACTIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/587912.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Nel presente elaborato tratteremo di problemi su spazi di Banach non-separabili e spazi compatti non metrizzabili. In particolare questi problemi riguardano spazi di Banach con una projectional skeleton e spazi compatti con una retractional skeleton. Una projectional (risp. retractional) skeleton è una famiglia di proiezioni (risp. retrazioni) continue su uno spazio di Banach (risp. compatto), che soddisfa alcune proprietà di compatibilità. Gli spazi di Banach con projectional skeleton e i gli spazi compatti con retractional skeleton possono essere visti come versioni non commutative, rispettivamente degli spazi di Banach di Plichko e degli spazi compatti di Valdivia.
La tesi si sviluppa in tre capitoli, ciascuno dei quali presenta un articolo di ricerca riguardante problemi nell’ambito di cui sopra.
Nel primo capitolo, On the class of continuous images of non-commutative Valdivia compacta, si è studiata la stabilità di alcune proprietà topologiche nella classe di compatti debolmente Valdivia non commutativi (i.e. la classe degli spazi che sono immagine continua di uno spazio compatto di Valdivia non commutativo). In particolare si è trattato di prodotti arbitrari, [0,η)-somme e duplicazione di Aleksandrov.
Nel secondo capitolo, New examples of non-commutative Valdivia compact spaces, viene presentata una caratterizzazione per alberi compatti con una retractional skeleton. Questa caratterizzazione ha portato ad una risposta negativa alla domanda:
Sia X un compatto di Valdivia non commutativo che non contenga nessuna copia dello spazio [0, ω2]. X è necessariamente di Valdivia?
Nel terzo capitolo, On compact tree with the coarse wedge topology, si è studiato in maggior dettaglio la classe degli alberi compatti. Si è dimostrato che ogni albero compatto ha la proprietà (M), è stata data una caratterizzazione degli alberi compatti di Valdivia e, infine, si è provato che C(T), lo spazio delle funzioni continue su un albero compatto T , è di Plichko se T ha altezza minore di ω1 · ω0.<br>We deal with problems on non-separable Banach spaces and non-metrizable compact spaces. In particular these problems concern Banach spaces with a projectional skeleton and compact spaces with a retractional skeleton. A projectional (resp. retractional) skeleton is a family of continuous projections (resp. retractions) on a Banach (resp. compact) space, which satisfies certain compatibility properties. Banach spaces with projectional skeleton and compact spaces with retractional skeleton can be viewed as non-commutative version of Plichko Banach spaces and Valdivia compact spaces respectively.
The thesis is split into three chapters. Each chapter consists of a submitted/published paper concerning different problems in this area.
In the first chapter, On the class of continuous images of non-commutative Valdivia compacta, we investigate the stability of some topological properties in the class of weakly non-commutative Valdivia compacta (i.e. the class of spaces that are image of a non-commutative Valdivia compact space). We deal, among others, with arbitrary products, [0, η)-sums, Aleksandrov duplication.
In the second chapter, New examples of non-commutative Valdivia compact spaces, we characterize compact trees with a retractional skeleton. This characterization answers in the negative the following question:
Let X be a non-commutative Valdivia compact space that does not contain any copy of the ordinal space [0,ω2]. Is X necessarily Valdivia?
In the third chapter, On compact trees with the coarse wedge topology, we investigate in more detail the class of compact trees. We study the properties of Radon measures on compact trees, proving that each tree has the property (M). We characterize compact trees to be Valdivia and finally we prove that C(T), the space of continuous functions on a compact tree T , is Plichko whenever T has height less than ω1 · ω0 .
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Musgraves, J. David. "Maskless Projection Lithography." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2003. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/17.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Photolithography is a key element of the modem integrated circuit process. It is photolithography, combined with metal deposition, that allows a three dimensional circuit to be built up on a two dimensional surface. Since it is such an important part of the semiconductor manufacturing industry, a massive base of research in this area already exists. The problem with this pre-existing research is that it is geared solely toward industrial purposes, as opposed to more academic research areas. The goal of my research is to move this industrial process into the academic setting of Pomom College.
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Delhommé, Christian. "Propriétés de projection." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10159.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La propriete de projection a ete introduite par ernest corominas pour les ensembles ordonnes : un ensemble ordonne est 2-projectif si les projections sont ses seules operations binaires, croissantes et identiques sur la diagonale. L'objet de cette these est l'etude d'extensions de cette notion, a des operations d'arite superieure (projectivite de hamming finie et projectivite cartesienne infinie) et a des structures plus generales. Notre etude des proprietes de projection de hamming (relatives a des operations regulieres par rapport a chaque argument) est fondee sur des idees de topologie algebrique de base. Nous introduisons divers complexes de chaines, dont les proprietes nous fournissent des criteres de projectivite. Ainsi, nous etablissons par exemple, qu'un graphe fini, connexe, sans sommet pendant, est hamming 2-projectif des qu'il n'a ni triangle ni carre, et plus generalement pour n>2, qu'il est hamming n-projectif, quand il n'a pas cycle de longueur inferieure ou egale a n + 1 et qu'il n'est pas lui-meme un cycle. En particulier, cela fournit les premiers exemples de graphes verifiant la propriete de 3-projection de hamming. Notre point de vue va egalement nous permettre d'introduire les proprietes de n-projection simple et double. Notre approche des proprietes de projection infinies (relatives a des operations infinitaires) est de nature plus ensembliste. Nous montrons en particulier, qu'un graphe projectif de diametre fini est denombrablement projectif, des qu'il n'est pas compact pour les systemes atomiques a un nombre fini d'inconnues. Cette these est partagee en sept chapitres regroupes en trois parties. La premiere est consacree a l'expose de generalites. Nous y etablissons egalement la projectivite de certaines structures homogenes, qui nous permettront d'illustrer la suite de notre propos. Dans une seconde partie, nous mettons en place un cadre algebrique pour l'etude des proprietes de projection de hamming. Dans la troisieme, nous etudions des proprietes de projection infinie, que nous illustrons notamment par les exemples des shift-graphs et des structures homogenes.