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1
Fernandez Sanchez, Francisco-Cristobal. « El còdigo deontològico médico de 1847 ». Medicina e Morale 42, no 4 (31 août 1993) : 691–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.1993.1047.
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L'Autore, partendo da una rapida illustrazione storica dei documenti riguardanti l'esercizio della professione medica e descrivendo le modificazioni che la stessa ha subito nel corso dei secoli, analizza il primo codice di deontologia medica dell'epoca moderna: il Code of Medicai Ethics dell'Associazione Medica Americana del 1847. Viene inoltre evidenziato come detto codice attinga a diverse fonti: il Giuramento di Ippocrate, gli "Statuta Moralia" dei medici inglesi, l'opera "Medical Ethics" di T. Percival e l'influenza del dr. B. Rush. Lo studio si conclude con una serie di considerazioni sui rischi e le possibilità che il pluralismo etico comporta a livello dell'esercizio della professione medica e, quindi, dei codici deontologici.
2
Lombardi, Domenico. « Considerazioni sulla professione medica ». Medicina e Morale 47, no 6 (31 décembre 1998) : 1175–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.1998.816.
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In questo articolo l’Autore propone alcuni argomenti pertinenti la professione medica al fine di individuare i valori dell’etica, a cui deve fare riferimento ogni operatore sanitario per mantenere un alto livello di professionalità. La medicina, oggi più di ieri, necessita, infatti, di conoscenze non solamente tecnico-scientifiche, ma anche e soprattutto etiche e culturali.
I valori etici influiscono sulla qualità professionale che l’Autore distingue in fisica, psichica, conoscitiva e volitiva. Il secondo punto affrontato riguarda l’arte medica il cui approccio metodologico al malato deve essere orientato a tutta la persona anche se è sofferente un solo organo (concezione olistica).
Il terzo punto affrontato riguarda il rapporto fiduciario che si concretizza nel diritto del malato alla verità sulla sua salute, nel rispetto della sua libertà e del suo diritto all’informazione (consenso informato).
In quarto luogo la decisione clinica da cui può dipendere la salute del malato; infine, la qualità della professione e le sue finalità. L’Autore analizza inoltre il concetto di salute facendo attenzione soprattutto agli aspetti sociali e al concetto di qualità della vita.
3
Spagnolo, A. G., M. L. Di Pietro et G. « La formazione dei docenti di etica professionale nelle scuole infermieristiche ». Medicina e Morale 40, no 1 (30 avril 1991) : 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.1991.1151.
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La professione infermieristica sta cercando di trovare oggi un ruolo specifico nel campo delle professioni sanitarie, un ruolo che comporti una spedfica identità seppure strettamente collegato alla professione medica. Un recente progetto di legge italiano sul riordino della professione infermieristica ha sollevato numerose perplessità fra gli infermieri stessi e in generale fra gli altri operatori sanitari. Gli autori considerano il punto del progetto di legge che riguarda l'insegnamento dell'etica professionale nelle scuole infermieristiche. Esso prevede che possano essere qualificati a questo insegnamento gli infermieri che abbiano il titolo di AFD o di DAl. Gli autori ritengono, invece, che tale livello di formazione non sia adeguato per una materia così delicata come l'etica professionale ed essi propongono pertanto l'istituzione di uno specifico corso universitario in cui vengano approfonditi i diversi problemi etici, inquadrati nel campo più vasto della bioetica, conseeguendo alla fine uno specifico grado accademico finalizzato all'insegnamento dell'etica professionale nelle scuole infermieristiche.
4
Zucchi, Riccardo. « Medicina di genere e formazione alla professione medica ». SALUTE E SOCIETÀ, no 1 (mars 2014) : 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ses2014-001004.
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5
Severino, Paolo. « Esperienza della sofferenza e burnout nella professione medica ». RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA, no 2 (août 2013) : 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rsf2013-002010.
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6
Mangone, Emiliana. « La professione medica fra "essere", "fare" e "sapere relazionale" ». SOCIOLOGIA E POLITICHE SOCIALI, no 2 (juillet 2013) : 163–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sp2013-002008.
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7
Marturano, Antonio. « La leadership in medicina : soft skills e valori morali / Leadership in medicine : linking soft skills to moral values ». Medicina e Morale 66, no 5 (20 décembre 2017) : 633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2017.511.
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La leadership medica è, in Italia, ancora un campo poco esplorato. Benché questo argomento rivesta una importanza sempre maggiore negli studi medici in tutto il mondo, il suo impatto negli studi accademici italiani è limitato al settore della assistenza infermieristica e solo pochi corsi universitari sono disponibili per coloro che volessero specializzarsi sull’argomento. Nella vastissima letteratura mondiale emerge che la leadership in medicina è equivalente al possesso di abilità legate alle soft skill; in Italia, invece, si tende ancora a favorire un punto di vista che lega la leadership a abilità tecniche. In questo lavoro proporremo di indirizzare il problema della leadership medica in modo più generale; infatti, la crescente complessità del lavoro direzionale in medicina pone nuove sfide alla professione medica, la quale richiede non solo il possesso di soft skill ma anche abilità nella implementazione di valori organizzativi, sociali e professionali che necessitano una maggiore consapevolezza morale basata sulla cosiddetta leadership trasformativa. ---------- Leadership in medicine is still an underexplored field in Italy; while this topic is of increasing global importance in healthcare, its impact in Italian academia is still limited to nursing and only few courses are available. Worldwide, leadership in healthcare is equate to possessing soft skills abilities; on the contrary, in Italy healthcare scholars still link leadership to technical abilities. In this paper, we will propose to address the problem of leadership in medicine more generally: the increasing complexity of management activites in healthcare poses new challenges to the medical profession, which actually requires not only possession of soft skills but also abilities in the implementation of organizational, societal and professional values which need a moral awareness based on transforming leadership.
8
Di Pietro, Maria Luisa, et Maddalena Pennacchini. « La comparsa della bioetica nei Codici di Deontologia medica italiani : profilo storico e analisi dei contenuti ». Medicina e Morale 51, no 1 (28 février 2002) : 29–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2002.711.
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Negli ultimi anni è divenuto sempre più evidente il legame tra la deontologia medica e la bioetica. La deontologia ha recepito i messaggi della bioetica ed ha abbandonato la funzione di puntuale inventario delle leggi e delle regole attinenti la professione, mentre essa ha acquisito dignità di sostegno e di guida ad una buona pratica medica. Ma questa attenzione è recente, oppure è rintracciabile anche nei vari codici di deontologia medica pubblicati in Italia nel corso del XX secolo?
L’analisi dei Codici di Deontologia medica italiani ha messo in evidenza uno specifico interesse per i temi propri della bioetica a partire dal Codice del 1978. Non si tratta, però, solo della scelta dei temi. La riflessione deontologica ha fatto propria anche la metodologia bioetica. Per cui i Codici danno indicazioni sull’agire del medico partendo da un ben preciso riferimento antropologico: il rispetto della persona umana e dei suoi diritti. Ciò nonostante, la soggettività dei diritti non è riconosciuta prima della nascita, quindi sono giustificati sia l’aborto sia le tecniche di fecondazione artificiale. Inoltre, la dignità professionale del medico non è sempre salvaguardata, infatti, in nome del rispetto dell’autonomia, essa viene subordinata alle decisioni del paziente. Questo rappresenta un paradosso dei Codici deontologici, i quali hanno come scopo principale quello di vietare i comportamenti dannosi per il “buon nome” della categoria.
9
Cipressa, Salvatore. « La professione infermieristica : considerazioni etico-deontologiche ». Medicina e Morale 52, no 2 (30 avril 2003) : 283–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2003.671.
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Per qualificare il servizio sanitario e per mantenere un buon livello di professionalità degli operatori sanitari sono necessari sia strumenti tecnicoscientifici, sia una adeguata formazione etico-culturale, che faccia riferimento ad una antropologia cristianamente fondata, che possiamo definire personalista. Si richiede che si abbia una visione integrale dell’uomo e della sua vocazione che “non è solo naturale e terrena, ma anche soprannaturale ed eterna”.
Nell’articolo – facendo riferimento a questo modello antropologico – l’Autore delinea alcuni atteggiamenti e comportamenti morali che caratterizzano la professione infermieristica e tracciano l’identità e la figura professionale dell’infermiere.
Ne segue che l’infermiere vive con umiltà e correttezza la sua professione, contribuisce a umanizzare l’assistenza sanitaria, considera l’ammalato una persona da amare, ama la vita e si pone a servizio di essa, si impegna in una formazione permanente e collabora con l’équipe medica. Egli è il buon samaritano dei nostri giorni, che si ferma accanto all’uomo ferito, facendosi suo “prossimo” nella carità (cf. Lc 10, 29-37).
Nel suo rapporto professionale, l’infermiere è chiamato ad instaurare con la persona ammalata una relazione di aiuto vera, competente e terapeutica. Tale relazione costituisce l’essenza della professione infermieristica ed è una relazione particolare di natura etica, che possiamo definire “un incontro tra una fiducia e una coscienza. La ‘fiducia’ di un uomo segnato dalla sofferenza e dalla malattia e perciò bisognevole, il quale si affida alla ‘coscienza’ di un altro uomo che può farsi carico del suo bisogno e che gli va incontro per assisterlo, curarlo, guarirlo”.
Per l’infermiere a cui sta a cuore il perfetto esercizio della professione infermieristica, Gesù Cristo è il modello etico-deontologico di riferimento per testimoniare la carità, che ha nella cura e nell’assistenza dei malati la sua peculiare espressione. Esercitando la sua professione con scienza e coscienza, l’infermiere esprime e testimonia la carità di Cristo.
10
Bosio, Albino Claudio. « Uno sguardo psico-sociale sulla medicina e la salute ». RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA, no 1 (mai 2021) : 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rip1-2021oa11605.
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Sono qui rivisti i percorsi di ricerca sviluppati in collaborazione con Marcello Cesa-Bianchi. Sono anzitutto descritti i mutamenti di scenario – sul piano scientifico e sociale – che negli anni '80 orientano gli sviluppi della medicina e che sollecitano l'adozione di un punto di vista psico-sociale nella ricerca. Sono poi illustrati i vari percorsi di ricerca focalizzati sui seguenti temi: professione medica e costruzione sociale della pratica medica, sviluppi della psicologia medica come disciplina, comunicazione sociale e prevenzione dei rischi di salute, qualità percepita e soddisfazione del cittadino per i servizi sanitari, culture e stili di salute della popolazione. Vengono discusse, infine, la rilevanza e l'attualità di questi percorsi di ricerca.
11
Valentini, Vincenzo, Elisa Marconi, Loredana Dinapoli et Calogero Casà. « Come cambia la percezione della professione medica di fronte alla richiesta di morte ». Medicina e Morale 71, no 4 (22 décembre 2022) : 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2022.1218.
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Nel contesto di una società in continua e rapida evoluzione, la morte si ripresenta come una ineludibile tematica di peculiare urgenza esistenziale. Sebbene, infatti, il progresso tecnologico e delle scienze mediche abbia facilitato una risposta tecnica alla domanda di salute che sempre di più incontra metodiche multimodali e multidisciplinari di terapia, la tecnologia di cura relega spesso il paziente ad una solitudine esistenziale dove, pur in presenza di una terapia per la sua malattia, non trova spazio una relazione di cura per la sua sofferenza. Questa dicotomia della cura, che si suddivide da una parte nel “trattare” dall’altra nell’“essere presente”, porta, soprattutto nel contesto del fine vita, al rischio di attestare la cura al solo livello tecnico, rendendo ‘giustificata’ la richiesta del paziente al medico di ‘somministrare il fine vita’, sopprimendo l’eco relazionale di ritorno del medico di fronte al bisogno umano del paziente. Lo scopo di questo articolo è di recuperare le riflessioni legate all’esperienza clinica ed umana propedeutiche ad accompagnare il paziente in un percorso relazionale offrendogli, nelle varie fasi della cura, una “eco di ritorno”, utili a non comprimere la percezione del medico a livello di somministratore automatico.
12
LIPPI, DONATELLA. « G. COSMACINI, Medici nella storia d'Italia. Per una tipologia della professione medica,Bari, Laterza, 1996, 218 pp. » Nuncius 12, no 2 (1997) : 629–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/182539197x01275.
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13
Oppes, Mario. « La Deontologia medica all’inizio del ’900 : i principi del primo Codice italiano ». Medicina e Morale 52, no 6 (31 décembre 2003) : 1203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2003.659.
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Il Codice di Etica e di Deontologia dell’Ordine dei medici della provincia di Sassari, pubblicato nel 1903, rappresenta il primo esempio in Italia di Codice di deontologia medica. A cento anni di distanza dalla sua promulgazione appare interessante valutare i principi in esso contenuti e confrontarli con quelli inseriti nei successivi codici. Attraverso il percorso storico della deontologia è possibile infatti comprendere il significato che essa ha avuto nel determinare i comportamenti dei medici nell’esercizio della professione, ma soprattutto si può scoprire, il vero significato da attribuire alla deontologia stessa. Infatti negli ultimi trent’anni, con l’avvento della bioetica, si è assistito ad una vera e propria crisi della deontologia che ha portato persino alla perdita di una concezione condivisa del suo significato all’interno della categoria professionale dei medici.
Dall’analisi del testo del codice emerge la sottolineatura del dovere di ottenere il consenso del paziente per ogni atto operativo, inattesa per quei tempi, caratterizzati da un rapporto medico-paziente di tipo paternalistico. Vi è inoltre un ripetuto richiamo alla necessità di curare tutti i malati con lo stesso impegno, indipendentemente dalla classe sociale di appartenenza, e ciò assume particolare rilevanza se si considera che all’epoca non esisteva un servizio sanitario nazionale in grado di garantire uniformi livelli di assistenza. In gran parte del codice ci si sofferma poi ai rapporti fra colleghi e negli articoli dedicati a tale problematica si evidenzia una particolare sensibilità verso la correttezza fra professionisti, oggi decisamente disattesa, tanto che tale esigenza non trova particolari sottolineature nell’ultimo codice nazionale.
Infine è significativo il richiamo esplicito a tutti gli associati al rispetto delle regole deontologiche, pena la comminazione di sanzioni disciplinari e ciò assume particolare rilevanza se si pensa che cento anni fa gli Ordini dei medici non avevano ancora ottenuto il riconoscimento giuridico, che arriverà solo nel 1910.
14
Pegoraro, Renzo. « Comunicazione della verità al paziente ». Medicina e Morale 41, no 3 (30 juin 1992) : 425–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.1992.1100.
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La comunicazione della verità al paziente assume il carattere di un caso paradigmatico per il coinvolgimento sia del teologo moralista sia del medico, a livello di riflessione teoretica e di prassi. Nella prospettiva di un possibile dialogo interdisciplinare, l'autore, in questa seconda parte, traccia le linee per una miglior comprensione del rapporto tra medico e paziente in termini di alleanza, basata sulla fiducia e il rispetto reciproci. Tale contesto di fedeltà rende possibile una relazione e comunicazione autentiche, seguendo un cammino di gradualità che conduce il malato verso la piena verità sulla sua condizione. La veracità del medico saprà assumersi tale responsabilità valutando il senso delle singole affermazioni e dei silenzi, nelle diverse circostanze e situazioni, per il rispetto della dignità del paziente e della stessa professione medica.
15
Mingardo, Letizia. « È morto Ippocrate, lunga vita a Ippocrate. Per una rivalutazione del paradigma medico ippocratico ». Medicina e Morale 68, no 3 (15 octobre 2019) : 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2019.585.
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Nel panorama bioetico contemporaneo trova credito l’idea per cui la tradizione ippocratica sarebbe ormai irrimediabilmente anacronistica ed inevitabilmente superata, come, ad esempio, sostengono autori quali Veatch, Riha, Heubel e Mori. Le ragioni profonde di questa ostilità rimandano al divieto di pratiche abortive e di atti finalizzati a provocare la morte, contenuti nel Giuramento di Ippocrate, nonché, più in generale, alla commistione con l’etica cristiana che la storia dell’ippocratismo racconta. Nel presente contributo intendo mostrare come il movimento anti-ippocratico contemporaneo si nutra di una nozione di ippocratismo affetta da una certa stereotipia, e così ricostruita allo scopo di accreditare l’opposto paradigma pro-choice. Il mio intento finale è quello di offrire alcuni spunti per una riconsiderazione del paradigma medico ippocratico, alla luce dell’apprezzamento di quelli fra suoi elementi costitutivi che possono definirsi “classici”. Dopo un breve ritorno alle origini storiche dell’ippocratismo, mi soffermerò sul primo Aforisma di Ippocrate, in quanto manifesto epistemologico della medicina ippocratica, e sul Giuramento, in quanto manifesto deontologico della professione medica ippocratica. A traghettarmi dall’Aforisma al Giuramento, a cavallo tra epistemologia e deontologia, sarà una specifica riflessione sulla concezione ippocratica del rapporto tra medico e paziente, così come emergente anche da altre fonti antiche. Nel compiere questo percorso, sarò supportata da autorevoli voci, che, nell’odierno panorama nazionale e internazionale, contribuiscono ad alimentare una sempre più attenta rivalutazione della tradizione ippocratica, sotto il profilo etico e deontologico.
16
Carrasco de Paula, Ignacio. « Etica e Salute : due quesiti, due compiti ». Medicina e Morale 51, no 6 (31 décembre 2002) : 1039–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2002.679.
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Etica e salute pur essendo due componenti di ogni singolo uomo sono lette spesso come realtà inconciliabili. Il diritto alla salute occupa un posto di rilievo tra le conquiste della modernità. Tuttavia, nonostante la ben nota definizione di salute che ha dato l’OMS, definizione tendente a precisare, più che una realtà, un potere d’intervento da parte dell’istituzione stessa, è ancora necessario chiarire con che cosa si identifichi, nella pratica, tale diritto: non si tratta di mera sopravvivenza, ma neppure del godimento della pienezza somatica e funzionale del proprio corpo, e comunque non si può prescindere dal considerare in questo contesto anche il benessere spirituale della persona.
Il centro dell’attenzione va posto sull’uomo sofferente. Diviene inoltre prioritario affrontare la minaccia della discriminazione nell’accesso ai servizi indispensabili per la difesa della salute stessa. Quest’ultimo aspetto si pone come una questione di giustizia e si gioca a due livelli: quello della giustizia commutativa, nel contesto di un rapporto medico-paziente ridotto a prestazione professionale meramente contrattuale, fondata sull’informazione più che su una reale comunicazione.
C’è poi la questione della giustizia distributiva che prevede che a ciascuno venga dato quanto gli spetta. Questa deve essere guidata dal principio di sussidiarietà, dove il sussidio non deve divenire un surrogato pena l’impossibilità da parte dello Stato di farsi carico dei bisogni di tutti. Nell’allocazione delle risorse il rispetto della giustizia distributiva si gioca a tre livelli di responsabilità molto precisi: quello delle politiche sanitarie, quello della professione medica e quello gestione locale delle risorse e dei servizi. Il perseguimento del bene comune trova però un limite nella centralità e preziosità di ogni singola persona, sana o malata che sia, la cui dignità rappresenta un limite invalicabile, neppure nel nome della giustizia.
17
LIPPI, DONATELLA. « G. COSMACINI, Medici nella storia d'Italia. Per una tipologia della professione medica,Bari, Laterza, 1996, 218 pp. » Nuncius 12, no 2 (1 janvier 1997) : 629–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221058797x01279.
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Yousuf, Rabeya, Sheikh Muhammad Abu Bakar, Mainul Haque, Md Nurul Islam et Abdus Salam. « Medical Professional and Usage of Social Media ». Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 16, no 4 (19 août 2017) : 606–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v16i4.33622.
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Social media connect people by sharing text, photos, audio and videos among themselves. Medical professional and patients also communicate through social media; however, issues of privacy and confidentiality of medical professions in regards to medical and health care decisions contradict with the openness of the usage of social media. Member of the medical profession can use social media but need to abide by the code of conduct of medical ethics in order to render the best possible services. This paper emphasizes on the needs of inclusion of social media usage in future health care providers curriculum by the higher educational institutions in order to aware of the ethical and professional aspect.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.16(4) 2017 p.606-609
19
Wacht, O., K. Dopelt, N. Davidovitch, D. Schwartz et A. Goldberg. « (A313) Integrating Paramedics into the Health System — Israel as a Case Study ». Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (mai 2011) : s88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002974.
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BackgroundSince its development in the 1970s, the paramedic profession has tried to expend its traditional role of providing prehospital emergency care in ambulances into new fields of practice (e.g. community care). Paramedics in Israel are employed almost exclusively in the emergency medical services (EMS). Similar to other countries, the manpower shortage in the Israeli health system forced policy-makers to consider the expansion of traditional roles of various healthcare professions including paramedics.ObjectivesThis presentation seeks to: (1) map the current situation and challenges facing paramedics in Israel; (2) examine paramedics' professional status among policy-makers; and (3) examine the best way to integrate paramedics in the Israeli health-system.MethodsQualitative interviews were conducted with 20 senior policy-makers in the Israeli EMS system, Academia, Health Ministry, and military. A policy analysis of documents, laws, regulations, and public media was conducted.ResultsThe Ministry of Health in Israel did not play a significant role in the regulation of the profession. Nevertheless, according to the interviewees, paramedics have gained considerable professional recognition among policy-makers, healthcare professionals, and the general public. Following the medical manpower crisis that is evolving in Israel, and the trends that are common in many western countries of expanding the traditional roles of allied health professions, most policy-makers in Israel see the paramedic role evolving into new field of practice. According to policy-makers, legislators, and EMS officials, the major challenges that the paramedic profession faces deal with legislative and professional (mainly academization) issues.ConclusionsThe paramedic profession must adapt itself to the new medical environment. More research should be conducted to build a model, adapted for different local national context, to expand the traditional role of paramedics. This will influence training, research and policy-making regarding the paramedic profession, and will change the traditional professional medical borders.
20
Biryukova, Natalya Viktorovna, et Natalia Mihailovna Molodozhnikova. « Directed Formation of Motivation and Professional Orientation of Students toward Professions in the Field of Preventive Medicine ». International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 15, no 14 (31 juillet 2020) : 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i14.13963.
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The article discusses the directed formation of motivation and professional orientation in students towards professions in the field of preventive medicine, such as the professions of an epidemiologist and a general hygiene doctor. The method that we have developed for the directed formation of cognitive interest in a particular profession makes it possible to create a guided vocational guidance for high school students depending on the social order. The complexity of the problem lies in the fact that the target of our study is students of specialized medical classes, who have already developed a cognitive interest and professional orientation toward the future speciality of a medical practitioner, while neither epidemiologist nor general hygienist is involved in treating patients. The specially carried out work on the directed formation of cognitive interest and professional orientation to the profession of a doctor of epidemiologist, general hygiene doctor solved the problem.
21
Sena, Barbara. « Professionalization without Autonomy : The Italian Case of Building the Nursing Profession ». Professions and Professionalism 7, no 3 (1 décembre 2017) : e1900. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/pp.1900.
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The nursing professionalization is still a work in progress, especially because forms of medical dominance and conflicts with other health professions often undermine its professional autonomy. This article contributes to the understanding of the relationship between professionalization and autonomy building in the health professions by presenting the case of Italian nursing, where medical dominance, supported by the legal system, is the main factor preventing nursing from achieving professional autonomy. The work aims particularly to understand how professionalization and professional autonomy can follow two parallel and sometimes opposite paths toward building the nursing profession, and the role of academic knowledge and specialized roles to legitimize and strengthen professional autonomy. The analysis draws on the literature addressing professionalization, professional autonomy, and medical dominance, as well as various sources on Italian nursing. They include national legislation, research literature, and national sociological surveys on Italian nurses.
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Jonnergård, Karin, Lena Petersson et Gudbjörg Erlingsdóttir. « Communicating the Implementation of Open Notes to Health Care Professionals : Mixed Methods Study ». JMIR Medical Informatics 9, no 8 (16 août 2021) : e22391. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22391.
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Background The literature on how to communicate reform in organizations has mainly focused on levels of hierarchy and has largely ignored the variety of professions that may be found within an organization. In this study, we focus on the relationship between media type and professional responses. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate whether and how belonging to a profession influences the choice of communication media and the perception of information when a technical innovation is implemented in a health care setting. Methods This study followed a mixed methods design based on observations and participant studies, as well as a survey of professionals in psychiatric health care in Sweden. The χ2 test was used to detect differences in perceptions between professional groups. Results The use of available communication media differed among professions. These differences seem to be related to the status attached to each profession. The sense-making of the information appears to be similar among the professions, but is based on their traditional professional norms rather than on reflection on the reform at hand. Conclusions When communicating about the implementation of a new technology, the choice of media and the message need to be attuned to the employees in both hierarchical and professional terms. This also applies to situations where professional employees are only indirectly affected by the implementation. A differentiated communication strategy is preferred over a downward cascade of information.
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Wolfe, Samuel. « Professional Dominance and the Medical Profession ». American Journal of Public Health 76, no 1 (janvier 1986) : 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.76.1.11.
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SKRZYPCZAK, Jędrzej. « Kompetencje samorządu zawodowego lekarzy w zakresie odpowiedzialności zawodowej w Polsce ». Przegląd Politologiczny, no 4 (2 novembre 2018) : 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2011.16.4.8.
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The subject of this study is the analysis of one of the competences of the professional self-governing bodies of medical doctors, namely the exercising of professional liability. Both the analysis of historical provisions and modern regulations confirms that the competence of exercising professional liability is one of the most significant rights and responsibilities of the professional self-governing body of doctors. It should be remembered that the binding law on the chambers of medical doctors stipulates that it is a professional self-government’s task to represent individuals who perform the profession of doctor and dentist, and to exercise care that these professions are performed within the limits of public interest and for its protection. Therefore, it seems that exercising of professional liability is the fundamental priority in the realm of ensuring appropriate performance of the profession.
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De Mori, Barbara. « Il moral distress dalla medicina umana alla medicina veterinaria : un’analisi comparativa ». Medicina e Morale 68, no 3 (15 octobre 2019) : 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2019.586.
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Gli studi sul disagio professionale nell’ambito delle professioni di aiuto sanitarie sono in continua crescita. Questi studi hanno identificato, tra le altre cose, diversi disturbi e disagi di natura squisitamente etica, come il moral distress, la cui diagnosi e cura rappresentano oggi un impegno di grande rilievo. Tuttavia, nell’ambito delle professioni d’aiuto che si occupano di animali, come quella del medico veterinario, difficilmente questi studi sono stati approfonditi, con ripercussioni anche gravi sull’esercizio professionale. In generale, infatti, la società fatica a comprendere quanto possa essere difficile per chi lavora con gli animali gestire i conflitti etici che si creano tra le esigenze professionali, le esigenze degli animali e le richieste di chi è proprietario o, comunque, referente per l’animale. Il moral distress è stato riconosciuto solo di recente in medicina veterinaria ed è provocato, come nell’ambito della medicina umana, dall’incapacità di trovare un accordo tra la propria vocazione e le tensioni morali che l’esercizio della professione procura ogni giorno. In questo contributo, attraverso una comparazione con gli studi realizzati nell’ambito delle professioni di aiuto sanitarie in medicina umana, viene esplorata la geografia morale del moral distress nel contesto della professione medico veterinaria, con uno sguardo alle specifiche problematiche etiche che sono coinvolte nella relazione triadica tra medico, paziente animale e proprietario.
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Cherevko, M. A. « Professional plans of the university graduates (on the example of socioeconomic professions) ». POWER AND ADMINISTRATION IN THE EAST OF RUSSIA 93, no 4 (2020) : 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1818-4049-2020-93-4-191-197.
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The article is devoted to the questions related to the study of professional development of the university graduates and analysis of the features of professional self-identification, taking into account specifics of the profession being acquired. The study conducted among the graduates of universities in the city of Khabarovsk (future specialists in the socioeconomic professions) took place in the context of pandemic (COVID-19), during a period of increased public and state attention to representatives of such professions as the social work specialists, medical and pedagogical workers. The article illustrates empirical results describing the professional plans of respondents through the eyes of the graduates themselves in the next 5 years (graduates of the Far-Eastern state medical university, the Far-Eastern state university of physical culture). The obtained data actualize the need to pay special attention to the social programs of regional level aimed at consolidating and professional development of specialists in the helping professions.
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Lizaraso Caparó, Frank, et Enrique Ruiz Mori. « Humanizar la profesión médica ». Horizonte Médico (Lima) 16, no 4 (30 décembre 2016) : 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2016.v16n4.01.
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R, Dr Kalyani. « Ethics in Medical Profession ». JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 08, no 1 (15 mars 2018) : 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.58739/jcbs/v08i1.6.
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Ethical challenges exist in all fields and in daily practice. It is a requirement for optimal profes-sionalism. Ethics is a Greek word derived from “Ethos” and “Ethica” meaning right and wrong in one’s act and decision. Ethics and ethical practice is a requirement especially in science and social science. There are 15 principles in bioethics of which autonomy, justice, benefi-cence, nonmaleficence and dignity has become the integral part of medical profession for good medical practice.[1] Ethics in medical profes-sion depends on the type of practice the doctor takes up and hence ethics in medical profes-sion can be in 1. Medical Education 2. Patient care 3. Medical Research & publication
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Dobkowski, Jarosław. « Prawna ochrona tytułu zawodowego ». Studia Prawa Publicznego, no 3 (39) (24 novembre 2022) : 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/spp.2022.3.39.3.
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The study concerns the legal protection of professional titles, which are related to professional activities. It presents the genesis of such professional titles and their protection in Poland, which initially related to the protection of selected so-called ‘free legal professions’ (such as tax advisor, advocate, legal advisor, patent agent). The evolution of the subjective scope of how these professions occurred is also presented, including the introduction of this type of solution in relation to certain professions termed ‘free economic professions’ (chartered accountant, stockbroker and investment advisor), certain ‘free medical professions’ (nurse/nurse, midwife/midwife, laboratory diagnostician, physiotherapist, pharmacist), and selected socalled ‘free professions’, within which no professional self-governments functions (real estate appraiser). In this regard, it is noted that the legal protection of professional titles went beyond the scope of professional activity and also covered certain spheres of economic activity, an example of which are detective services provided by persons holding the professional title of detective. Against the background of the analysis of European standards, it is established here that the introduction of legal protection of professional titles should now be regarded as one of the means of regulating access to a profession. It is shown that the essence of the legal protection of the professional title comes down to the right of authorised persons to use the title on an exclusive basis, in order that other persons may not use the reserved title in this way, nor may their behaviour mislead the users of their services as to the fact that they hold a specific professional title, even if they have the appropriate knowledge and skills. There are various forms of legal protection – criminal, administrative and civil liability measures apply, but there are no comprehensive guarantees. A legally protected professional title can also be regarded as one of the determinants of the concept of a profession.
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Andersen, Lotte B. « Health care cost containment in Denmark and Norway : a question of relative professional status ? » Health Economics, Policy and Law 9, no 2 (28 juin 2013) : 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744133113000248.
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AbstractThe demand for publicly subsidised health care services is insatiable, but the costs can be contained in different ways: formal rules can limit access to and the number of subsidised services, demand and supply can be regulated through the price mechanism, the relevant profession can contain the costs through state-sanctioned self-regulation, and other professions can contain the costs (e.g. through referrals). The use of these cost containment measures varies between countries, depending on demand and supply factors, but the relative professional status of the health professions may help explain why different countries use cost containment measures differently for different services. This article compares cost containment measures in Denmark and Norway because these countries vary with regard to the professional status of the medical profession relative to other health care providers, while other relevant variables are approximately similar. The investigation is based on formal agreements and rules, historical documents, existing analyses and an analysis of 360 newspaper articles. It shows that high relative professional status seems to help professions to avoid user fees, steer clear of regulation from other professions and regulate the services produced by others. This implies that relative professional status should be taken into consideration in analyses of health care cost containment.
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McKeon, Patrick O., Jennifer M. Medina McKeon et Paul R. Geisler. « Redefining Professional Knowledge in Athletic Training : Whose Knowledge Is It Anyway ? » Athletic Training Education Journal 12, no 2 (1 avril 2017) : 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/120295.
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Context: As athletic training continues to evolve as a profession, several epistemological considerations must be considered. These include how we generate professional knowledge and how we secure and legitimize it in both professional and public spheres. Objective: The purpose of this commentary is to provide an overview of how athletic training has defined its body of knowledge. By contrasting our professional knowledge with recent advancements in medical cognition and epistemology, we aim to provide a more robust definition of professional knowledge for our profession. Background: A profession is defined as an occupation that has a unique knowledge base and skill set that, when wielded, fulfills an ethically founded social contract with the public. One of the greatest challenges for the profession of athletic training as we move into the future is securing a knowledge base that is uniquely our own. Synthesis: In this commentary, we synthesize the process by which we secure our body of knowledge through the Role Delineation Study with emerging trends on the nature of professional knowledge from the medical and health care literature. Results: Based on the evidence presented, we propose a new definition for professional knowledge in the context of athletic training: Information that is purposefully linked together to develop the ability to explain and predict the clinical phenomena associated with the profession's social contract. Recommendation(s): As this new epistemological definition holds the potential to better structure and guide the athletic training's professional transformation, including its professional education processes, we recommend this model be considered for adoption and implementation. Conclusion(s): It is apparent that a new construct for professional knowledge, one capable of supporting the profession's infrastructure and intentions, is needed for athletic training. In addition, and crucial to the formation of our professional body's construction of knowledge, is a need for collecting multivariable outcomes concerning our ability to legitimize it.
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Rhodes, Rosamond. « Medical Ethics : Uncommon Morality and the Implications for Medical Ethics Education ». Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Bioethica 66, Special Issue (9 septembre 2021) : 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbbioethica.2021.spiss.03.
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"Common morality has been the touchstone for addressing issues of medical ethics since the publication of Beauchamp and Childress’s Principles of Biomedical Ethics in 1979. In my presentation, I will challenge that reigning view by presenting two arguments. The negative argument shows why common morality cannot be the ethics of medicine. The positive argument explains why medical professions require their own ethics. I will then explain medicine’s distinctive ethics in terms of the trust that society allows to the profession. By distinguishing roles from professions, I will explicate sixteen specific duties that medical professionals undertake when they join the profession. My derivation of medicine’s distinctive ethics begins with a thought experiment demonstrating that trust is at the core of medical practice. Society allows doctors to develop special knowledge and skills and allows them to employ special powers, privileges, and immunities that could be particularly dangerous to members of society. Society, therefore, has to be assured that professional’s use of their remarkable powers and privileges will be constrained to their intended use. Professions’ publically declared codes and oaths go a long way to engender public confidence in medical professionals. Medical education must complete the job by helping our trainees understand their professional obligations and become clinicians who uphold their profession’s ethics. Medical educators therefor have to help our students comprehend and internalize their duty to “seek trust and be deserving of it,” and uphold their fiduciary responsibility to “use medical knowledge, skills, powers and privileges for the benefit of patients and society.” "
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Khaskheli, Mohsan, et Rafat Parveen Siddiqui. « Government College Librarian’s Use of Social Media for Professional Development in Sindh, Pakistan ». International Journal of Librarianship 7, no 2 (15 décembre 2022) : 88–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.23974/ijol.2022.vol7.2.245.
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This study examined the use of social media in professional development by government college librarians of Sindh. Professional development is an integral part of all professions. Librarians and information professionals are required to have up-to-date information and skills regarding their profession. A Quantitative survey was employed to conduct this study. The target population consisted of government college librarians of Sindh, Pakistan. The survey was administered online. The findings demonstrated that most college librarians are aware of the importance of social media and use social media networks in professional development-related activities. Furthermore, findings identified that YouTube, WhatsApp, and Facebook are the most frequently used social media platforms in professional development. The findings help to design guidelines and provide basic information and communication technology skills training programs for better use of social media and optimum utilization of online professional development opportunities.
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Dabney, Dean, et Thomas R. Heffington. « The Pharmacy Profession's Reaction to Substance Abuse among Pharmacists : The Process and Consequences of Medicalization ». Journal of Drug Issues 26, no 4 (octobre 1996) : 883–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269602600409.
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This analysis traces the evolution of the pharmacy profession's reaction to problematic drug and/or alcohol use among its members. Historical events, scholarly literature, and the prevailing attitudes and perceptions of the pharmacy profession's governing bodies are drawn upon to illustrate how the profession has come to adopt a medical model orientation to the problem. The underlying assumptions and implications of this medical model orientation are critically considered as they relate to the profession's social control of existing drug and or alcohol use. It is suggested that the pharmacy profession and the scholarly community reconsider the way in which they approach the issue of impaired pharmacists. Specifically, the pharmacy profession needs to closely consider the impact that macro-level issues such as the conditions within the work environment and the processes of professional as well as occupational socialization have upon the nature and dynamics of ubstance abuse among its members.
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Seegmiller, Jeff G., Alan Nasypany, Leamor Kahanov, Jennifer A. Seegmiller et Russell Baker. « Trends in Doctoral Education Among Healthcare Professions : An Integrative Research Review ». Athletic Training Education Journal 10, no 1 (1 janvier 2015) : 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/100147.
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ContextEvidence suggests widespread adoption of the entry-level doctorate among health professions, although little is known about how these changes have impacted associated professions and influenced education, collaborative practice, professional advancement, or professional salaries.ObjectiveThreefold: (1) What doctoral education models are currently utilized among health care professional education programs in the United States? (2) How do entry-level clinical doctorates in health care professions impact research training and productivity? (3) How do clinical doctorates among health professions influence practice opportunities and salary?DesignData were extracted from various sources including professional organizations, accrediting body Web sites, and the US Department of Labor database. Full-text articles published in English between the years 2001–2011 were extracted from a search of 38 databases in the University of Washington libraries. The remaining article abstracts were reviewed for compatibility with our research questions. Data were extracted using a standardized rubric and coded according to emergent themes.ResultsTwo-thirds of 14 examined health professions (n = 10) followed the medical model of postbaccalaureate entry-to-practice professional doctoral education. Less than a third (n = 4) of surveyed professions reserved doctoral-level education for advanced practice, and 1 profession maintains both entry-level and advanced practice doctorates. Only 4 of the 14 clinical doctoral degrees required completion of an original research project. Entry-level clinical doctorates may provide insufficient specialty training, necessitating further training after graduation.ConclusionsMost health care professions follow the medical model for professional preparation, though at reduced intensity with fewer clinical hours than physician training. Clinical doctorates are perceived to increase professional opportunities and are associated with higher salaries and doctoral education among health care professions has become the new educational standard, though research training, research productivity, diversity, and professional debt burden have been negatively impacted by this trend.
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Kozyar, Maria. « PROFESSIONAL ADAPTATION AS ONE OF THE CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESSFUL ACQUISITION OF A FUTURE PROFESSION BY MEDICAL COLLEGE STUDENTS ». Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University : Psychology Series 1, no 9 (29 août 2019) : 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2415-7384-2019-9-26-30.
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Prihatiningsih, Titi Savitri. « COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE IN MEDICAL PROFESSION REGULATION : LESSONS LEARNT FROM INDONESIA ». Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia : The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education 9, no 2 (28 juillet 2020) : 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpki.54290.
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Background: Medical profession regulation are carried out through certification and licensure which can be executed by the government, the organizational profession or the collaboration of both. Having a long standing credibility in professional regulation, medical professions have required every medical graduate to undergo certification and licensure process. The UK system adopts the government-led and the USA system has opted for the professional-led medical regulation. In Indonesia currently there are two laws regulating medical profession, namely Medical Practice Law No.29/2004 and Medical Education Law. No.20/2013. These two Laws have given mandates for medical profession regulation to different stakeholders, resulting in conflicting roles and functions, particularly in certification and licensure. Attempts to overcome these situations have been initiated, by inviting all stakeholders involved to discuss the solution during the period of December 2014-January 2015. This study aims at understanding the decision making process to achieve consensus using the concept of collaborative governance.Method: Qualitative method using a case study is applied and documents analysis is used for data collection. Thematic analysis is employed for data analysis.Results: Six themes are identified to reflect the decision making process in collaborative governance. It starts with distrust, followed by mutual understanding and willingness to listen, then common goals are agreed. Each stakeholder conducts an internal reflection and eventually accepts a consensus.Conclusion: The concept of collaborative governance can be applied in medical profession regulation to achieve consensus in collective decision making process.
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Rais, Muhammad, et Muhammad Riska. « Pembelajaran Interaktif Edu-Game Pengenalan Profesi Berbasis Android Pada Siswa Paud ». Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan dan Konseling : Jurnal Kajian Psikologi Pendidikan dan Bimbingan Konseling 4, no 1 (27 juin 2018) : 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/jpkk.v4i1.3645.
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This research is a second year development research that aims to test the usefulness, accuracy, and feasibility of interactive professional recognition learning application products. The trial subjects were expert groups (learning media and PAUD learning), product user groups (PAUD teachers), and PAUD students. The results showed that application products included in the criteria were very useful, very feasible and very appropriate. This means that the substance of the edu-game profession application that has been developed has met the criteria of useful, proper and appropriate, so that it can be used as a choice of professional learning introduction media for PAUD students. The results of observations of PAUD students during the product user trial stage, obtained information that shows that PAUD students have been able to: 1) find differences in various types of professions, 2) play puzzle games to recognize the profession, and 3) recognize the profession through audio messages and pictures. Thus the interactive learning product application of edu-game profession meets the criteria of acceptable (acceptable) which is useful, feasible, and appropriate, and therefore can be used as an alternative choice of learning media that is fun and challenging for PAUD students in introducing the profession
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Hoffman, Lily M. « Professional Autonomy Reconsidered : The Case of Czech Medicine under State Socialism ». Comparative Studies in Society and History 39, no 2 (avril 1997) : 346–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001041750002065x.
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The opening of the formerly closed, state socialist societies of East Central Europe has provided the opportunity to bring new empirical evidence to bear upon models of profession-state relations developed in pluralist western societies. The classic view of Tocqueville and Durkheim has been that professions are an intermediary group linking individuals and the state. Although not always explicitly stated, this model served as the basis for scholarly work on the professions in the post-World War II period, where it (more or less) fit the image of a differentiated pluralist society. Most work on the professions was based on the Anglo-American case.But even in the United States, state support was more central to maintaining professional authority than was originally thought. Without explicitly discarding the model, Freidson (1970) introduced a distinction between corporate and technical (clinical) autonomy that provided a way out of the paradox he identified, that both aspects of professional autonomy are protected by the state. Corporate autonomy refers to the political power of the organized profession to define the social and economic context of professional work, and clinical autonomy, to the control of decision making in the workplace. Testing his hypothesis on the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union, Freidson argued that despite differing degrees of corporate autonomy, the medical profession retained clinical control of decision making, the core of professional autonomy, even in the extreme case of the former Soviet Union.
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Incze, Adrienne, Szabolcs Kéri et György Szekeres. « A magyar pszichiáter identitása. Egy tudományos felmérés tapasztalatai ». Orvosi Hetilap 159, no 2 (janvier 2018) : 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2018.30917.
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Abstract: Introduction: A main determinant of professional identity is the integrity of the discipline. The complexity of psychiatry in biological, psychological and sociological aspects is a typical instance of the necessity for integration. Aim: Based on the bio-psycho-social dimensions and on their opinion about acceptance of psychiatry, we explored the professional identities of physicians working in Hungarian contemporary psychiatry. Method: Voluntary, anonymous responses were collected by using a 10-point evaluation scale on professional attitude, appreciation of psychiatry from lay society and other medical professions, and the importance of biology, psychology and sociology within psychiatry. Results: The 228 respondents showed a highly significant effect of basic sciences: biology was the most relevant followed by psychology and sociology. Specialists in psychiatry (n = 171) showed a more marked preference for biology than the trainees, while specialists in psychotherapy (n = 74) considered the psychological component significantly more important than other respondents. The public acceptance of psychiatry was low as compared with other medical professions. Conclusions: The consistency between self-image and profession shows that the multidimensionality of psychiatry is not primarily an individual challenge. The impact on identity shows the key importance of education. Improving the prestige of psychiatry requires keeping our professional identity up-to-date, communicating with physicians with different preferences, and cooperating with other medical professions. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(2): 58–63.
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Miaskowska-Daszkiewicz, Katarzyna. « Medical professions in Poland – selected legal aspects ». Polish Journal of Public Health 128, no 2 (1 juin 2018) : 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjph-2018-0010.
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Abstract This article is a voice in the discussion of legal problems related to understanding the concept of a medical profession. The considerations were divided into three main parts. In the first one, the concept of “medical profession” was reconstructed and problems in the classification of particular professions to the category of medical professions were pointed out. Not every medical profession is characterized by the quality of public trust, although due to the good that medical professions are dealing with, such a state would most likely be the most desired one. In the second part of the text, based on the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Tribunal, the features determining the recognition that a given profession is a profession of public trust were indicated. These remarks were related to medical professions. The content of the third part is a consequence of the fact that it is difficult to precisely establish a catalog of medical professions. The practical significance of the lack of systemic solutions in defining a medical profession is given in the example of tax law, in the scope of the exemption from the Goods and Services Tax.
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Ben Shlomo, Shirley, et Noga Levin-Keini. « Once in a Hundred Years : Does COVID-19 Present an Opportunity to Restructure the Professional Image of the Social Worker in Israel ? » British Journal of Social Work 51, no 5 (27 mars 2021) : 1568–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcab055.
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Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has placed social work in the limelight alongside the various medical professions and has created a rare opportunity for transforming the oppressed image of the profession. Based on a broad perspective—historical, social and political—we show how the development of a collective needs-conscious identity can lead to active protests on the part of social workers against their condition. This process is brought into sharp focus by critical analysis of media reports on the protests held by social workers in Israel in July 2020. An analysis of the struggle points to a number of factors that are responsible for its success: creating a collective consciousness with respect to the profession and the use of anger (as against fear); increasing the visibility of the profession in the public eye and the media; developing a dialogue that defined the party responsible for oppressing the status of the social workers; highlighting the ramifications of this oppression not only on the social workers but also on society as a whole; and using rhetoric that enabled the professional struggle to be ended and collaboration to be continued. The significance of these findings and their theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Lustig, Ahuva, et Shlomo P. Zusman. « Professional Self-Image among Israeli Pharmacists : Sectoral Differences ». Annals of Pharmacotherapy 26, no 10 (octobre 1992) : 1296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809202601021.
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OBJECTIVE: To examine sectoral differences in the professional activities and self-images of Israeli pharmacists. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Pharmacists from private, community, and hospital sectors (n=145) completed a survey that assessed the rewards accrued from their professional activities as pharmacists and evaluated their professional and sectoral self-image. RESULTS: Few intersectoral differences were found among Israeli pharmacists. Most agreed that the main rewards in the public sector are secure employment, intellectual challenge, and responsibility. In the private sector, the rewards are high income, responsibility, and opportunity to counsel. The majority of pharmacists in all sectors are satisfied with their profession, and 90.7 percent would choose it again. Nevertheless, they ranked pharmacy eighth among nine professions chosen for comparison, which shows quite a low professional image. The private and hospital pharmacists attributed a higher social status to their own sectors than to the community sector. CONCLUSIONS: The inferior professional self-image held by pharmacists, despite the rewards of the profession, should be examined in greater detail.
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Varneva, M. « REVIVAL AND ESTABLISHMENT OF PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS, PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS IN BULGARIAN HEALTHCARE (1990-2019) ». East European Scientific Journal 1, no 6(70) (10 juillet 2021) : 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2021.1.70.65.
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From 1947 to 1990, all health professionals gradually became part of the Health Workers' Union. At the beginning of the democratic changes in Bulgaria (1989-1990) the revival and registration of professional organizations of the medical professions began. Some of them for a short time, others for a longer period are members of the Confederation of Independent Trade Unions in Bulgaria and the Confederation of Labor "Support". With the legislative changes in the country, the healthcare professions became regulated professions, which led to the emergence of legally legitimate professional organizations. The purpose of this review is to trace and present the revival of professional organizations of health professionals in Bulgaria after 1990. Archival documents, written sources and websites of official organizations and trade unions were used for this purpose. From the collected and presented information we can conclude that according to the legislation of the Republic of Bulgaria each regulated profession should have its own professional organization, regardless of whether it is a union or an association. Some professions have independent legally legitimate professional organizations, while others are part of the Bulgarian Association of Healthcare Professionals.
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Peck, David, et John E. Skandalakis. « The Anatomy of Teaching and the Teaching of Anatomy ». American Surgeon 70, no 4 (avril 2004) : 366–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480407000420.
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Professional education is one of the greatest problems currently confronting the healing professions. The incorporation of basic science departments into colleges of medicine has affected curriculum design, research, admissions criteria, and licensure. Those who are not practicing members of a particular health care profession wield undue influence in medical schools. Ideally, gross anatomy teachers should be health care professionals who use anatomy in their practices. Reorganization of medical education will heal the rift between research and clinical medicine.
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Fahal, Ahmed H. « Continuing professional development in medical & ; health professions ». International Journal of Sudan Research 1, no 1 (15 janvier 2010) : 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47556/j.ijsr.1.1.2010.3.
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Avery, Brian. « Regulation of the dental profession ». Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 89, no 1 (1 janvier 2007) : 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363507x166218.
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Recent reports will significantly alter the way in which the dental profession is regulated in future. These include the chief medical officer's report Good doctors, safer patients, the report entitled The regulation of the non-medical healthcare professions (Foster Report) and a consultation document from the General Dental Council (GDC) called Fitness to Practise Guidance for the Professional Performance Committee, Health Committee and on Preliminary Meetings (http://www.gdc-uk.org/). The first two of these are available on http://www.dh.gov.uk/publications/.
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Craddock, Judith. « Responses of the Occupational Therapy Profession to the Perspective of the Disability Movement, Part 2 ». British Journal of Occupational Therapy 59, no 2 (février 1996) : 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269605900210.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In part 1 of this article, the origins and development of the disability movement were described. The movement's perspective of a social model of disability and its critique of the adoption of a medical model of practice by the rehabilitation professions were discussed. The evolving professional philosophy of the occupational therapy profession was explored. In part 2, the explicit responses of the occupational therapy profession in the UK and in the USA to the concerns of the disability movement are described. The implications for the philosophy and practice of occupational therapy of the adoption of a social model of disability in appropriate interventions are discussed. The conclusion is reached that the occupational therapy profession has yet to debate fully the validity of the social model of disability for appropriate areas of professional practice. The author foresees two major effects of its adoption: a clarification of the philosophical base underpinning such practice and a changed professional role.
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Syeda Sanaa Fatima et Rahila Yasmeen. « The fate of health professions education as a profession : a road less travelled ». Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, no 2 (15 janvier 2023) : 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.5358.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objective: To explore the views of academics about the identity of Health Professions Education as a discipline, its fate and sustainability as a profession. Method: The qualitative exploratory study was conducted from February to July 2021 after approval from the ethics review committee of Islamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised both fulltime and part-time health professions educationists of either gender teaching in different institutions of seven cities of Pakistan; Taxila, Kamrah, Rawalpindi, Peshawar, Lahore, Multan and Karachi. Using Professional Identity theory, data was collected through semi-structured one-on-one interviews which were conducted online. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded and thematically analysed. Result: Of the 14 participants, 7(50%) had qualifications and experience of other specialities as well, while 7(50%) were pure health professions educationists. Overall, 5(35%) subjects were from Rawalpindi, 3(21%) were serving in multiple cities including Peshawer, 2(14%) were from Taxilla and 1(7.5%) each was from Lahore, Karachi, Kamrah and Multan. Accumulated data led to 31 codes with 3 themes and 15 sub-themes. The main themes were identity of health professions education as a discipline, its fate and sustainability. Conclusion: Health professions education has established its identity as a discipline in Pakistan, with independent, fully functioning departments in medical and dental colleges across the country. Key Words: Health professions education, Future, Health professions educationists, Profession.
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Patricia Wulandari et Rachmat Hidayat. « Legal Review of Physician Malpractice Cases : A Narrative Literature Review ». Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences 5, no 6 (29 décembre 2022) : 871–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/oaijss.v5i6.144.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This review aimed to discuss legal reviews related to physician malpractice in medical practice. Malpractice is carrying out a profession wrongly or wrongly, which can only form legal responsibility for the maker if it results in a loss determined or regulated by law. Malpractice can occur in carrying out all kinds of professions, including the medical profession. Mistakes in carrying out the medical profession will form criminal or civil legal liability (depending on the nature of the consequences of the losses incurred) containing three main aspects as an inseparable unit, namely treatment that is not according to the norm, done with culpa and causing losses in law. Regarding the doctor not providing services in accordance with professional standards, which then results in disability or death of the patient, this doctor has violated the patient's right to obtain such humane service, so the patient has the right to sue the doctor concerned.