Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Procédure relative au procès »
Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres
Sommaire
Consultez les listes thématiques d’articles de revues, de livres, de thèses, de rapports de conférences et d’autres sources académiques sur le sujet « Procédure relative au procès ».
À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.
Articles de revues sur le sujet "Procédure relative au procès"
1
Cheolbeom, Park. « Reconciling the Return Predictability Evidence under Structural Breaks ». Korean Journal of Policy Studies 31, no 2 (31 août 2016) : 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps31204.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study shows that the poor out-of-sample performance of the real-time adjusted dividend-price ratio reported in Lettau and Nieuwerburgh (2008) is mainly a result of the gap period between the occurrence of a break and its detection, which implies that the poor out-of-sample performance of the adjusted dividend-price ratio is due to the requirement in Bai and Perron`s (1998) proce-dure that breaks must be away from the boundaries of the sample. A substantial improvement in the out-of-sample performance of the adjusted dividend-price ratio during the gap period is shown with the use of Andrews`s (2003) procedure in the real-time adjustment of the dividend-price ratio. The newly suggested procedure for the adjusted dividend-price ratio in this study has better out-of-sample performance than the simple sample mean, although it is not significant.
2
Tkach, Evgeniya, et Yuliya Sadchikova. « Resource-saving materials based on hydrophobic low water demand binder ». MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018) : 04031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819604031.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This research have shown that the developed composition and method for preparation of granulated organic–mineral admixture S–3SSA allow production in drum granulator of cement materials modifier with de-sired properties using proposed mixing procedure for the admixture ingre-dients which include, mass. %: superplasticizer S–3 – 10; soap stock – 20; salt of inorganic acid – 30 and ash – 40. On the basis of laboratory studies, a ratio of the components included in the molding compound for pressed bricks with improved physical and technical properties was defined. Opti-mal composition of the molding compound should contain the following, mass.%: binder - 10; clay - 5; sand - 82; water - 3. A technological proce-dure for production of pressed brick based on gypsum binders of low water demand (GLWDB) was developed and technological production parame-ters were defined: moulding compound moisture content - 6%; raw materi-al strength – 0.4 MPa; specific pressure - about 15 MPa, curing conditions - natural. Basic physical and technical properties of pressed brick based on GVNV–50S were identified and studied. Strength kinetics, MPa: 1 day – 6.8; 3 days - 12.3; 28 days – 27; density-1950 kg / m3; softening coefficient equal.
3
Melo Brentan, Bruno, Gustavo Meirelles Lima, Antonio Carlos Zuffo et Edevar Luvizotto Junior. « Dimensionamento de redes de distribuição de água por meio de análise multicriterial ». Revista DAE 221, no 68 (2019) : 118–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36659/dae.2020.010.
Texte intégralRésumé :
O dimensionamento de redes de distribuição de água (RDAs) é feito para que as restrições operacionais de velo- cidade e pressão se mantenham dentro de limites que garantam a eficiência operacional. Assim, buscam-se as tubulações de menor custo para que essas condições sejam satisfeitas. Entretanto, ao adotar essa prática, ou- tras características da rede podem ser afetadas negativamente, como sua resiliência e capacidade de expansão. Dessa forma, este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso em que a análise multicriterial é utilizada para realizar o dimensionamento de uma RDA. Primeiramente, um mapa cognitivo é feito para identificar os principais cri- térios a serem considerados na solução do problema. Em seguida, o método Delphi é usado em conjunto com o Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) para determinar os pesos relativos de cada critério. Por fim, três diferentes métodos de análise multicritérios são utilizados para a solução do problema: AHP, Electre e Promethee. Palavras-chave: Rede de distribuição. Otimização. Análise multicritério. Abstract The design of water distribution networks (WDNs) is made to match velocity and pressure constraints that guaran- tee operational efficiency. Thus, pipes with lower cost are selected to attend these conditions. However, this proce- dure can harm other characteristics of the network, as for example its resilience and expansion capacity. Therefore, this paper presents a case study in which the multicriterial analysis is used to design a WDN. First, a cognitive map is built to identify the main criteria to be considered during the design process. Then, the Delphi method is used jointly with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to define the relative weights of each criteria. Finally, three different methods for multicriterial analysis are used to solve the problem: AHP, Electre and Promethee. Keywords: Water distribution network. Optimization. Multicriterial analysis.
4
Campos, Marcelo da Silveira. « Entre doentes e bandidos : a tramitação da lei de drogas (no 11.343/2006) no Congresso Nacional ». Revista de Estudos Empíricos em Direito 2, no 2 (30 juillet 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.19092/reed.v2i2.74.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article analyses the historical legislative proce- dure, in Brazilian Congress, about the New Drug ́s Law 11.343 of 2006, which is the current Drug ́s Law in Brazil. The empirical material consists in projects and reports of parliamentarians who were active sin- ce the beginning of the procedure, in 2002, until the adoption of the new legal provision, in 2006. The ar- ticle aims to investigate three main questions: i) who were the main actors that influenced the legislative approval of the current drugs dispositif (committees leaders, editors, proponents parties, etc.); ii) what are the main changes regarding the criminalization of drug use and drug dealers in these proposals from the beginning of the law ́s procedure (2002) until when it had been approved (2006); iii) what were the main justifications in the particular historical context for changes in drug policy.
Livres sur le sujet "Procédure relative au procès"
1
The criminal trial in law and discourse. Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
Trouver le texte intégral
2
Sevino, Aldo. Le me mento du re fe re pre contractuel : Proce dure, moyens et jurisprudence. Paris : Eyrolles, 2007.
Trouver le texte intégral
3
Tim, Peterson, et Harrow Shoshanna. 10 Documentation of Project Bonds. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198715559.003.0011.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Project bonds issued in the international capital markets are used as a source of, or to refinance, project capital. Project bonds are securities and therefore subject to regulations requiring adequate disclosure for investors and restrictions on where and to whom the bonds may be marketed. Advantages of project bonds as compared to loans include improved operational flexibility and the potential for improved price, size, and tenor. Relative disadvantages include regulatory and credit rating requirements, consent and intercreditor issues, and the inability to have multiple drawdowns. The chapter describes the Rule 144A and Regulation S exemptions from US registration, their attendant selling restrictions, the due diligence process, and typical project bond documentation, including the offering circular, underwriting agreement, and indenture.
4
Farb, Benson, et Dan Margalit. Presentations and Low-dimensional Homology. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691147949.003.0006.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter presents explicit computations of the first and second homology groups of the mapping class group. It begins with a simple proof, due to Harer, of the theorem of Mumford, Birman, and Powell; the proof includes the lantern relation, a relation in Mod(S) between seven Dehn twists. It then applies a method from geometric group theory to prove the theorem that Mod(Sɡ) is finitely presentable. It also provides explicit presentations of Mod(Sɡ), including the Wajnryb presentation and the Gervais presentation, and gives a detailed construction of the Euler class, the most basic invariant for surface bundles, as a 2-cocycle for the mapping class group of a punctured surface. The chapter concludes by explaining the Meyer signature cocycle and the important connection of this circle of ideas with the theory of Sɡ-bundles.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Procédure relative au procès"
1
Williams, Neil. « Light-Element Stable Isotope Studies of the Clastic-Dominated Lead–Zinc Mineral Systems of Northern Australia and the North American Cordillera : Implications for Ore Genesis and Exploration ». Dans Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogenesis and Exploration, 329–72. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27897-6_11.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractClastic-dominated lead–zinc (CD Pb–Zn) deposits are an important source of the world’s Pb and Zn supply. Their genesis is contentious due to uncertainties regarding the time of ore formation relative to the deposition of the fine-grained carbonaceous strata that host CD Pb–Zn mineralization. Sulfur-isotopic studies are playing an important role in determining if ore minerals precipitated when hydrothermal fluids exhaled into the water column from which the host strata were being deposited, or when hydrothermal fluids entered the host strata during diagenesis or even later after lithification. Older conventional S-isotopic studies, based on analyses of bulk mineral-separate samples obtained by either physical or chemical separation methods, provided data that has been widely used to support a syngenetic-exhalative origin for CD Pb–Zn mineralization. However, with the advent in the late 1980’s of in situ S-isotopic studies using micro-analytical methods, it soon became apparent that detailed S-isotopic variations of genetic importance are blurred in conventional analytical data sets because of averaging during sample preparation. Clastic-dominated Pb–Zn mineralization in the North Australian Proterozoic metallogenic province and the North American Paleozoic Cordilleran province has been the subject of many stable isotope studies based on both bulk and in situ analytical methods. Together with detailed mineral texture observations, the studies have revealed a similar sulfide mineral paragenesis in both provinces. The earliest sulfide phase in the paragenesis is fine-grained pyrite that sometimes has a framboidal texture. This pyrite typically has a wide range of δ34S values that are more than 15‰ lower than the value of coeval seawater sulfate. These features are typical of, and very strong evidence for, pyrite formation by bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) either syngenetically in an anoxic water column or during early diagenesis in anoxic muds. The formation of this early pyrite is followed by one or more later generations of pyrite that often occur as overgrowths around the early pyrite generation. The later pyrite generations have δ34S values that are much higher than the early pyrite, often approaching the value of coeval seawater sulfate. Later pyrite formation has been variously attributed to BSR in a more restricted diagenetic environment, to sulfate driven-anaerobic oxidation of methane (SD-AOM) and to abiotic thermal sulfate reduction (TSR), with all three mechanisms again involving coeval seawater sulfate. The main sulfide ore minerals, galena and sphalerite, either overlap with or postdate later pyrite generations and are most often attributed to TSR of seawater sulfate. However, in comparison with pyrite, there is a dearth of in situ δ34S data for galena and sphalerite that needs to be rectified to better understand ore forming processes. Importantly, the available data do not support a simple sedimentary-exhalative model for the formation of all but part of one of the Northern American and Australian deposits. The exception is the giant Red Dog deposit group in Alaska where various lines of evidence, including stable isotopic data, indicate that ore formation was protracted, ranging from early syn-sedimentary to early diagenetic sulfide formation through to late sulfide deposition in veins and breccias. The Red Dog deposits are the only example with early sphalerite with extremely low negative δ34S values typical of a BSR-driven precipitation mechanism. By contrast, later stages of pyrite, sphalerite and galena have higher positive δ34S values indicative of a TSR-driven precipitation mechanism. In CD Pb–Zn deposits in carbonate-bearing strata, carbon and oxygen isotope studies of the carbonates provide evidence that the dominant carbonate species in the ore-forming hydrothermal fluids was H2CO3, and that the fluids were initially warm (≥ 150 °C) and neutral to acid. The δ18O values of the hydrothermal fluids are ≥ 6‰, suggesting these fluids were basinal fluids that evolved through exchange with the basinal sedimentary rocks. Known CD Pb–Zn deposits all occur at or near current land surfaces and their discovery involved traditional prospecting, geophysical and geochemical exploration techniques. Light stable isotopes are unlikely to play a significant role in the future search for new CD Pb–Zn deposits deep beneath current land surfaces, but are likely to prove useful in identifying ore-forming hydrothermal fluid pathways in buried CD Pb–Zn systems and be a vector to new mineralization.
2
Hondius, Professor Dr Ewoud, Dr Viola Heutger, Dr Christoph Jeloschek, Dr Hanna Sivesand et Aneta Wiewiorowska. « Passing of Risk ». Dans Principles of European Law Sales (PEL S), 329–51. Oxford University PressOxford, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199229390.003.0006.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Loss of, or damage to, the goods after the risk has passed to the buyer does not discharge the buyer from the obligation to pay the price, unless the loss or damage is due to an act or omission of the seller. The present Chapter addresses the question of who has to bear the risk of the goods being lost or damaged in a fortuitous event, i. e. due to no fault of either party. This article governs the question of whether the buyer needs to pay the full price for the goods despite their accidental loss or damage (for further aspects of risk, see Comment C). The Sales Principles address only the aspect of risk obliging the buyer to pay the price if the goods are lost or damaged after the risk has passed. This aspect of risk relating to the buyer is called the risk of counter-performance or, more specifically, the risk of payment. In other words, is the buyer obliged to perform while he does not receive the goods at all, or only damaged goods? A buys china from B, a shopkeeper. B hands the china over to A and the parties agree for A to settle the account the next day. The same night the china is smashed due to an earthquake. The next day A returns the shattered pieces of china to B and refuses to pay the price. B rightly claims that A should pay because the risk had passed to A under Article 5:102 when the china was handed over.
3
Smullyan, Raymond M. « Shepherdson’s Representation Theorems ». Dans Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems. Oxford University Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195046724.003.0010.
Texte intégralRésumé :
We have already remarked that at the time of Gödel’s proof, the only known way of showing the set P* of Peano Arithmetic to be representable in P.A. involved the assumption of ω-consistency. Well, in 1960, A. Ehrenfeucht and S. Feferman showed that all Σ1-sets can be represented in all simply consistent axiomatizable extensions of the system (R). Hence, all Σ1-sets can be shown to be representable in P.A. under the weaker assumption that P.A. is simply consistent. Their proof combined a Rosser-type argument with a celebrated result in recursive function theory due to John Myhill which goes beyond the scope of this volume. Very shortly after, however, John Shepherdson [1961] found an extremely ingenious alternative proof that is more direct and which we study in this chapter. [In our sequel to this volume, we compare Shepherdson’s proof with the original one. The comparison is of interest in that the two methods are very different and the proofs generalize in different directions which are apparently incomparable in strength.] We recall that for each n > 1, a system S is called a Rosser system for n-ary relations if for any Σ1-relations R1(x1,..., xn) and R2(X1, ..., xn), the relation R1 — R2 is separable from R2 — R1 in S. We wish to prove the following theorem and its corollary (Th. 1 below). Theorem S1—Shepherdson’s Representation Theorem. If S is a simply consistent axiomatizable Rosser system for binary relations (n-ary relations for n = 2), then all Σ1-sets are representable in S. Theorem 1—Ehrenfeucht, Feferman. All Σ1-sets are representable in every consistent axiomatizable extension of the system (R). Shepherdson’s Lemma and Weak Separation For emphasis, we will now sometimes write “strongly separates” for “separates”. We will say that a formula F(v1) weakly separates A from B in S if F(v1) represents some superset of A disjoint from B, We showed in the last chapter (Lemma 1) that strong separation implies weak separation provided that the system S is consistent. We also say that a formula F(v1,. .. ,vn) weakly separates a relation R I (x1 , . .. ,xn) from .R2(x1,... ,xn) if F(v1, ..., vn) represents some relation R’(x1,. .. ,xn) such that R1 ⊆ R1’ and R1 is disjoint from -R2.
4
Maltsev, Alexander, Alexander Shikov, Andrey Pudeev, Seonwook Kim et Suckchel Yang. « A Method for Power Amplifier Distortions Compensation at the RX Side for the 5G NR Communication Systems ». Dans Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia220526.
Texte intégralRésumé :
For the past years, the Internet of Things (IoT) supported by 5G technology, has been expanding rapidly across a wide range of services, enabling inter-object connectivity for the automotive industry, consumer electronics, transportation, logistics sectors, and manufacturing. With the increasing ubiquitous usage of various small-sized sensors, manufacturing cost of each element taken remains a critical aspect. Relatively low price of individual elements is the key for enabling tightly connected environment, but may severely affect RF chains quality as well as overall performance. With 5G expansion to the sub-THz bands, power amplifier nonlinearity may significantly limit system performance even in high- grade devices, due to power amplifier design limitations. Multiple studies were done to mitigate nonlinearity impact, both at the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) sides. Many solutions propose for evaluation and further compensation of the PA nonlinearity effects, via decision-directed feedback, training or even statistical processing of the received signal. However, with knowledge of the PA nonlinearity function at the receiver side, the processing may be simplified by the application of the reverse function to the equivalent signal in the time domain. In this paper we propose a method for PA nonlinear distortion compensation at the RX side, which can be adjusted for several signal waveforms adopted in 5G NR (New Radio) standard, such as CP-OFDM, DFT-S-OFDM, and others. The simulation results presented demonstrate performance improvement both for the sub-THz PA models and models for the 30–70 GHz band.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Procédure relative au procès"
1
Toskić, Lazar, Milan Marković et Milivoj Dopsaj. « The effect on body composition by physical (in)activity ». Dans Antropološki i teoantropološki pogled na fizičke aktivnosti (10). University of Priština – Faculty of Sport and Physical Education in Leposavić, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/atavpa24023t.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Body composition, as a term that denotes the relative proportions of all major body components, is under a significant influence by exogenous factors. The aim of this study is to determine the degree of exogenous influence, i.e., the influence of physical activity as well as inactivity, on the development of body composition at both genders, by comparing the non-trained and differently-trained participants. The research encompasses 93 subjects, of which 48 are men and 45 women, divided into three categories: the physically inactive (30), the physically active (32), and the elite athletes (31). The body structure testing proce, dure has been conducted by means of bioelectrical impedance, namely the InBodi 720. For the purpose of this paper, two basic parameters of body composition have been utilized - body fat mass (BFM), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) - from which the percentage and index values have been calculated, i.e., percentage of body fat mass (PBFM) and percentage of skeletal muscle mass (PSMM), and body fat mass index (BFMI), skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI), and muscle fat index (MFI) respectively. A series of difference analyses (MANOVA, ANOVA, T test) have specified the relations in question, and discriminant analysis has been used to determine the most important factors and their structure. For both genders, applied analysis has been employed to determine the general level differences between the examined groups at the level of p = 0.000. The noticed differences in women occur in BFM, SMM, PBFM, PSMM, BFMI, SMMI, and MFI at the level of p = 0.000 - 0.025, while in men they occur at the level of p = 0.000 - 0.012 for the same range of variables apart from SMMI where no statistically significant difference between the examined groups has been ascertained. Based on the overall results, we can claim that an increase in physical activity results in an improvement in body composition, which is best exemplified by the linear growth of the MFI variable, i.e., the quotient of muscle and fat component.
2
Rostamy, Noorallah, Soheil Akbari, David Sumner et Donald J. Bergstrom. « Calibration of Triple-Wire Probes Using an Artificial Neural Network ». Dans ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-31198.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Hot-wire anemometry is an established technique for velocity measurements in turbulent flows. Calibration of hot-wire probes is challenging due to the nonlinear relationship between the probe output voltage and the velocity, and the sensitivity to the temperature difference between the heated wire and the ambient flow. A triple-wire probe contains three mutually orthogonal wires that permit the three components of the local instantaneous velocity vector to be measured simultaneously. Calibration data reduction methods for multi-wire probes, based on variable-angle calibration techniques, may include curve-fits and direct-interpolation schemes. In the present study, a novel calibration data reduction method for a triple-wire probe is reported which uses an artificial neural network. Such a method has been successfully applied by other researchers for the calibration of seven-hole pressure probes. For the triple-wire probe, the neural network is used to produce a calibration relation between the three probe output voltages and the three components of the local velocity vector. Variable-angle calibration data were obtained for a triple-wire probe for velocity magnitudes from 5 to 40 m/s, yaw angles from −35° to +35°, and roll angles from 0° to 345°. A three-layer perceptron feed-forward network, using a Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm, was applied to the calibration data, to map the mean voltages to the mean velocity components. The network was tested using an independent data set. The present results yielded standard errors of approximately ±0.38 m/s, ±0.25 m/s and ±0.26 m/s in the magnitudes of the streamwise, vertical, and cross-flow velocity components, respectively. The results showed that the present neural network model is not significantly sensitive to the size of the calibration data set, suggesting it may be a more convenient calibration data reduction method compared to other methods.
3
Shindo, Hitoshi, Sei-ichi Kondo, Kozo Shitagami, Takashi Sugai, Yoshimichi Namai et Musun Kwak. « Frictional Force Microscopic Detection of Anisotropy and Asymmetry at Various Atom-Flat Surfaces ». Dans World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63171.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Frictional force microscopy (FFM) was applied to the detection of frictional asymmetry due to molecular tilt, and anisotropy at various atom-flat surfaces of ionic crystals. Less tilted S=O bonds at CaSO4(100) face and more tilted C=O bonds at (10–14) face of calcite gave contrasting results of asymmetry, which are explained by describing the bonds as mass-spring systems. Frictional anisotropy arises from different periodicity of atoms depending upon the scan directions of the probe. Alkali halide surfaces showed anisotropy due to arrangement of electric charges. Surface geometry also causes anisotropy at corrugated CaSO4(001), etc. Adsorbed water can reduce or enhance friction depending upon the relative humidity and the nature of the surfaces.
4
Kesana, N. R., J. M. Throneberry, B. S. McLaury, S. A. Shirazi et E. F. Rybicki. « Effect of Particle Size and Viscosity on Erosion in Annular and Slug Flow ». Dans ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86035.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Solid particle erosion is a mechanical process in which material is removed from a surface due to impacts of solid particles transported within a fluid. It is a common problem faced by the petroleum industry, as solid particles are also produced along with oil and gas. The erosion not only causes losses resulting from repairs and decreased production but also causes safety and environmental concerns. Therefore, the metal losses occurring in different multiphase flow patterns need to be studied and understood in order to develop protective guidelines for oil and gas production equipment. A large scale boom loop, which is capable of generating a wide variety of multiphase flow regimes was used for conducting experiments. Specifically, this work examines erosion measurements in multiphase slug and annular flow regimes. These flow regimes are selected since they produce higher metal losses than other flow regimes, and they also occur for a wide variety of operating conditions. Experiments are performed on a horizontal 0.0762 m (3-inch) diameter pipe, with superficial gas velocities ranging from 15.2 m/s (50 ft/s) to 45.7 m/s (150 ft/s) and superficial liquid velocities ranging from 0.46 m/s (1.5 ft/s) to 0.76 m/s (2.5 ft/s), for liquid viscosities of 1 cP and 10 cP. Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) was used to increase the viscosity of the liquid without significantly altering the density of the liquid. Three different sand sizes (20, 150 and 300 micron sand) were used for performing tests. The shapes of the sand are also different with the 20 and 300 micron sand being sharper than the 150 micron sand. Erosion measurements are taken using Electrical Resistance (ER) probes which relate the change in electrical resistance to the change in the thickness of an exposed element resulting from erosion. Two probes are placed in a bend and another probe is placed in a straight section of pipe. The probes in the bend are flat-head probes, and they are placed flush with the outer wall in the 45 and 90 degree positions. The probe in the straight pipe is an angle-head probe which protrudes into the flow with the face placed in the center of the pipe. Under the flow conditions investigated, the angle-head probe measures the maximum erosion due to its placement. Results demonstrate a significant increase in the metal loss occurs when increasing the superficial gas velocity and decreasing the superficial liquid velocity. The effect of changing the viscosity of the liquid is not as clear. Results suggest a slight increase in metal loss by increasing the viscosity from 1cP to 10 cP in slug flow. However, for annular flow, higher erosion occurs for the lower liquid viscosity considered.
5
Petrovic, M. S., A. Suchocki, R. C. Powell, G. C. Valley, E. Cantwell et J. Aldridge. « Picosecond Pulse-Probe, Two-beam Coupling, and Polarization Rotation Switching in Cadmium Telluride* ». Dans Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.dp1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Laser-induced gratings produced by one- and two-photon absorption of picosecond pulses at 1.064 μm were used to examine the room temperature nonlinear optical responses of undoped n- and p-type CdTe crystals. We report what we believe to be the first observation of picosecond photorefractive two-beam coupling in a material that has no cw response. Gains up to 2.5 cm−1 were obtained at fluences of 120 mJ cm−2 for 0.8 μm grating spacing. Polarization rotation switching was also measured with on/off ratios of 6.0 at fluences of 56 mJ cm−2. Pulse- probe degenerate four-wave mixing measurements of grating dynamics on subnanosecond time scales were used to measure the ambipolar diffusion coefficient of charge carriers in the crystals. The value of Dα = 3.0 cm2 s−1 which was obtained is in very good agreement with theoretical estimates. Free carrier lifetimes of 12 ns were measured. A long-lived contribution to the signal consistent with a trapped charge photorefractive effect was observed at large grating spacings for n-type conductivity, and is tentatively attributed to a larger trap density in this sample. Measurements of the relative scattering efficiencies of successive diffracted orders in the Raman-Nath regime allowed for calculation of the laser-induced change in the index of refraction, Δn due to the creation of free carriers. The value of Δn = 4 x 10−4 which was obtained is in good agreement with theoretical estimates. *Research sponsored by DARPA contract MAD972-89-K0001.
6
Chigullapalli, Aarti, et Jason V. Clark. « Extremely Large Deflection Actuators for Translation or Rotation ». Dans ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88096.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this paper we propose a new type of piezoelectric microactuator to produce extremely large translational (> 100 microns) or rotational deflections (> 10 degrees). Many micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) are capable of deflecting 1 to 10s microns using the electrostatic or thermoelectric phenomenon. The problem with electrostatic actuators is that they are usually constrained to operate in clean environments, which limits their utility to physically interact with the environment. The problem with thermal actuators is that they usually require a relatively large amount of power since they rely on heat. Achieving large deflection actuators without such constraints may find applications in biomedical engineering, optics, micro/nano-assembly, scanning probe microscopy, etc. What is novel about our piezo actuator is we exploit lateral deflection to create an actuator that forms an ‘S’ shape upon actuation. We then explore the use of this S-drive for large translational and rotational actuators. For feasibility analysis, we consider nonlinear deflection, voltage limit due to dielectric breakdown, strain limit, and gravitational effects.
7
Saito, Takushi, Tatsuya Kawaguchi et Isao Satoh. « Formation of Electro-Conductive Part on Polymeric Material Surface by CO2 Laser Irradiation ». Dans ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44455.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this study, a method to directly form an electrically conductive layer on the surface of polymeric material by using infrared laser irradiation was investigated. Polyacrylonitrile, which was shaped into a small disk 20 mm in diameter and 5 mm thick, was used as a test specimen. The conditions for pyrolysis were obtained by referencing the conditions for commercial carbon fiber. First, the specimen was processed in air at a relatively low temperature (around 250°C) for the stabilization treatment (i.e., fireproofing), then its surface was heated at a higher temperature (above 1000°C) for the carbonization treatment (i.e., graphitizing). Both an infrared furnace and a carbon dioxide laser were used as heating devices to find optimal conditions. Property changes in the material due to the thermal treatment were measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the electrical conductivity of the carbonized surface was measured using a four-probe method. The results showed that an electrical conductivity of 11.4 S/cm (siemens per centimeter) was achieved with a laser intensity of 8.6 W/cm2 for 5 min for the stabilization, and a laser intensity of 34 W/cm2 for 10 s for the carbonization.
8
Bianchini, Cosimo, Riccardo Da Soghe, Lorenzo Giannini, Lorenzo Mazzei, Andrew Gardner et Jamie Wilde. « Characterization of ACC Losses Due to Wind and Design of Optimal Wind-Screens ». Dans ASME Turbo Expo 2023 : Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2023-104135.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Large mechanical draft Air-Cooled Condensers (ACC) are increasingly preferred, as a more environmentally friendly solution than wet cooling, in the cooling processes necessary to condense the working fluid in Rankine cycle-based power production systems. Such heat exchangers are conceived as an assembly of smaller modules each composed of an axial fan and inclined bundles where the fluid (usually steam) condensation actually takes place. The fan is usually installed suspended above the ground at a height between 10 and 25 m, depending on the size of the ACC, with upward flow. Such a layout makes ACCs prone to a decay of efficiency and the onset of fan blade fluctuations due the crossflow induced by neighbour fans. Such detrimental effects become fundamental (up to 50% reduction in ACC cooling potential at 10 m/s), eventually resulting in fan failures, in case of high-speed winds. Current work is devoted to the study of the wind effects on the cooling performance of the ACC and on blade load oscillations analyzing in detail the effect of wind speed and wind direction on a mid-sized ACC with 6 rows and 3 streets arrangement for 205.4 MW nominal thermal duty. The study is conducted by means of high-fidelity CFD consisting of Unsteady RANS computations of the entire ACC with all 18 axial fans under rotation and a direct meshing of all the 6 blades per fan. A common and relatively simple strategy used to mitigate such wind losses is the installation, directly on the ACC structural columns, of partially porous screens made of plastic fabric that act as wind breakers. The correct design of these wind screens is however quite challenging since they not only help reducing the wind speed below the ACC but also introduce additional aerodynamic losses that the fan needs to sustain to correctly feed the heat exchanger. This study verifies the gains obtainable with the installation of wind screens, proposing a detailed investigation about different windscreen layouts (e.g. perimeter, cruciform, one-bay-back and skirt), variable screen porosity and dimensions.
9
Radmard, Shadie S., et Donald L. Engen. « Internal Corrosion of Unpiggable Liquid Facility Piping ». Dans 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64645.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Historically, pipeline operators have not had the same focused integrity programs for facility piping when compared to those established for mainline systems. This is in part due to the way facilities (stations and terminals) are configured – various diameter pipes, elbows and fittings restrict the use of ILI inspection and minimise the use of other types of tools. Management of facility piping should consider all pipes; however, the focus of this paper is the identification and remediation of internal corrosion of dead legs, either idle or low flow pipes, at station and terminal facilities transporting various types of crude oil products. The severity of internal corrosion found on these segments can range from severe to relatively corrosion free. Inspecting these segments with inspection tools not only confirms pipe condition but also the operator’s rationale for segment selection, inspection method(s) being implemented, mitigation and monitoring programs. There are various causes of internal corrosion but most often, through pipe failure analysis, the operator is able to determine the exact cause of corrosion. This paper examines how a facility piping program can identify segments prone to internal corrosion and establish effective monitoring and mitigations.
10
Kunitz, Logan. « Exploring the Relationship bewtween Ambient Temperature and Internal DUT Temperature ». Dans NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2015.26.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper will explore issues regarding the relationship between a Device Under Test (DUT)’s internal temperature and the ambient temperature that is generally reported on a calibration report. What exactly is this ambient temperature representing, and how does this temperature relate to the temperature of the DUT? Is it the temperature of a single probe on the far corner of the lab? Is it the average of several probes throughout the lab? For DUTs that are enclosed in a force-air cooled chassis, the ambient temperature should probably represent the temperature at the intake fan for the chassis. However, the internal temperature of the device could be higher, but by how much? And, how much will the internal temperature vary over the course of a calibration, especially if the calibration takes multiple hours? How will an operator know if the internal temperature is too high, possibly due to clogged fan filters or other issues with air-flow? What about the effect of adjacent high-power instruments, causing the local temperature around the DUT to warm-up above the ambient level? If the DUT includes its own internal temperature sensor, how should this be used during calibration, and are there any situations where this temperature should be reported along with the ambient temperature?
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Procédure relative au procès"
1
Adam, Isabelle, Mihály Fazekas, Alfredo Hernandez Sanchez, Peter Horn et Nóra Regös. Integrity Dividends : Procurement in the Water and Sanitation Sector in Latin America and the Caribbean. Sous la direction de Marcello Basani et Jacopo Gamba. Inter-American Development Bank, janvier 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004688.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Public procurement represents a large portion of government expenditure, more so in developing economies. Inefficiencies in public expenditures thus place a heavy burden on society. The Water and Sanitation (W&S) sector is especially vulnerable to public procurement inefficiencies due to the capital-intensive and complex nature of large-scale projects such as sewage, pipelines, and general maintenance. Recent studies have found that quality of corporate governance and transparency of water utilities as well as regulatory and supervisory agencies are key drivers of the sectors performance. To support better policies in the W&S sector, this report conducts a sectoral measurement of public procurement integrity using government administrative data and identifies effective interventions for improving the performance of utilities. The following questions are explored: Which types of integrity risk carry the highest economic costs? What are effective policy solutions? Which address the most impactful risks effectively? What are the price savings and project-delay-reducing impacts of such solutions? To this effect, the study analyzes data for six countries in the Latin American & Caribbean region. Several regression models were run to assess which indicators of integrity are good predictors of improved outcomes in terms of price (unit or relative) and quality (delays) of public purchases in the sector.
2
Coyle, William, Mark Gehlhar, Thomas Hertel, Zhi Wang et Wusheng Yu. Understanding the Determinants of structural Change in World Food Markets. GTAP Working Paper, septembre 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp02.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study assesses the interaction between climate change and agricultural trade policies. We distinguish between two dimensions of agricultural trade policy: market insulation and subsidy levels. Building on the previous work of Tsigas, Frisvold and Kuhn (1997) we find that, in the presence of current levels of agricultural subsidies, increased price transmission --as called for under the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture-- reduces global welfare in the wake of climate change. This is due to the positive correlation between productivity changes and current levels of agricultural support. Increases in subsidized output under climate change tend to exacerbate inefficiencies in the global agricultural economy in the absence of market insulation. However, once agricultural subsidies have also been eliminated, price transmission via the global trading system contributes positively to economic adaptation under climate change. products. This may partially explain the relatively slow growth of world grain import demand in recent years. In addition, bilateral agreements with East Asia, NAFTA, and the evolution of the CAP, have all had important impacts on the structure of world food and agricultural trade. The objective of this paper is to assess the relative role of each of the major forces-- consumer demand, factor accumulation, transport costs, and policy change--in driving changes in the composition of world food trade in 1980-1995. To do so, we employ a modified version of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model of world trade which permits us to isolate the contribution of each of these related factors to the changing composition of world food trade in a general equilibrium context. We evaluate the relative role of each of these factors by simulating the model backwards in time, from 1995 to 1980 under different assumptions. This general approach, termed “backcasting” (i.e. backwards forecasting), takes as exogenous the basic drivers of change and attempts to explain the resulting change in food trade composition. The model-produced changes in the composition of agricultural and food trade are compared with historical trade data, to determine the relative importance of each factor on the changing composition of food trade. Given limited space, our focus will be on explaining the changes in the global composition of food and agriculture trade. A natural follow-on effort would target specific markets in more detail. This type of backcasting approach was first employed by Gehlhar (1997) who sought to explain the shift in exports of primary commodities to manufactures in East Asia in the 1980's. He calibrated the GTAP model to 1992 data, then implemented shocks to factor endowments and economywide total factor productivity (TFP) in order to force each economy back to its 1982 levels of population, land, labor, human capital, physical capital and technology. By comparing actual and predicted changes in export shares in this period, he found human capital accumulation played a key role in explaining the change in the aggregate composition of East Asian exports. Gehlhar, Hertel and Martin (1994) built on this work in an effort to predict future changes in the pattern of agricultural trade from 1992-2002. They also emphasized the importance of supply-side determinants of agricultural trade. In this paper, we go beyond this earlier work in a number of ways. First, we focus on the composition of agricultural exports, rather than simply looking at the share of agriculture in total trade. Secondly, we incorporate the Cranfield et al. estimates of Rimmer and Powell’s recently developed, implicitly directly additive demand system (nicknamed AIDADS) into the GTAP model. This permits us to better capture the impact of demand-side changes on the pattern of global tr