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1
Fiander, Robert Owen. « Marshall McLuhan, the printed word, and nineteenth-century outcasts of literacy ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq62171.pdf.
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Hollowell, Steven. « Aspects of Northamptonshire inclosure : social and economic motives and movements ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243662.
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Potter, Christopher Thomas. « An exploration of social and cultural aspects of motorcycling during the interwar period ». Thesis, Northumbria University, 2007. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/2509/.
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This thesis covers social and cultural aspects of the motorcycling movement during the interwar period of 1919 to 1939. Using contemporary records of both written and oral nature, a diverse set of themes are explored, beginning with the origins of the motorcycle enthusiasm, from its invention towards the end of the nineteenth century, to the dawn of the twenties, when for a while it held the dominant position in personal motorised transport, until through processes of economics such as the trickle down theory of consumer goods ownership, dominance was transferred to the motorcar. Next, the phenomenon of motorcycling clubs, their composition, practices and distribution, is covered in detail. Turning towards gender issues, the place women held within the movement is discussed. Despite a persistent element of male dominance within the pastime, some women held a prominent position, many achieving fame and acclaim both at a personal and national level. In the next chapter, legislative processes are covered, following governmental and police force involvement in controlling the increasing numbers of motorists of all types. Here, a special study of magistrates' records for the Darlington area provides a snapshot, which complements the national trends. Social class issues regarding the choice of motorized transport are addressed in the next chapter, allowing for a discussion of the wider, national picture and concentrating upon an analysis of the social structure of motorcyclists in the Darlington area, derived from records of registrations of 1920 machines. The motorcycle's place in art and related cultural themes is discussed in chapter six, allowing for analysis of artistic genre such as Futurism, Bauhaus, and other forms of modernist interpretation. Literary links with motorcycling, either through enthusiast journals or mainstream literature is explored, together with film and music, to provide an overview of motorcycling in these themes. Overall, the thesis discusses a wide range of hitherto unexplored themes relating to motorcycling during this era, and attempts to shed new light upon an important set of elements within social and cultural history.
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Guha, Roy Shyamal Chandra. « Study of some aspects of the history of Kamata-Koch Bihar ». Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1985. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/5097.
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Laughton, Jane. « Aspects of the social and economic history of late medieval Chester, 1350-c.1500 ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273128.
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Peacock, Dave. « Morals, rituals, and gender : aspects of social relations in the Diocese of Norwich, 1660-1703 ». Thesis, University of York, 1996. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2452/.
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Nicholls, Paul. « The social expectations of Anglican clergy in England and Australia, 1850-1910 ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:52828db5-d273-41db-8516-c873e1e7a91a.
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In the early nineteenth century, the ideal type of Anglican parish clergyman was a member of a gentlemanly profession. Although he had few formal duties, he exercised a benevolent influence in a small, deferential community. His liberal education, independent income and ample leisure enabled him to pursue scholarly hobbies. In every English village, he was a light of civilization. The parson was spiritual half-brother of the squire, and the Church as a whole was closely identified with the landed classes in the social rank, governing role (the magistracy) and political sympathies of the parochial clergy. Urbanisation was the main force that largely destroyed the authenticity of this ideal. As society became horizontally divided, the power of locality dwindled. The Church's opponents - sceptics, Dissenters and organised labour - gained confidence. Rival authorities (to the pulpit) overwhelmingly established themselves in popular favour - especially the mass circulating press. The franchise was extended to the working classes, or at least to the aristocracy of labour with whom the Church of England had rarely felt easy. Finally, two of the props of the old ideal were knocked away - the prosperity of the agricultural sector, and the acceptance of the clergyman's calling as a learned profession. In Australia, there were similar problems for the Anglican minister, although most were in a more intense form. A lack of endowment, the prevailing democratic and anti-clerical sentiment in much of the political debate, and the high degree of geographical and social mobility characteristic of much of the colonial population, made the problems of the Church and of her parochial ministers appear overwhelming. The result was the development of a form of careerism in the clerical order that seemed to some censorious contemporaries to have been not merely improper but quite destructive of the ideal of the parish priest, an ideal which was still upheld despite its manifest inappropriateness.
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Davies, J. D. « The seagoing personnel of the navy, 1660-1689 : Political, religious and social aspects ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375859.
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Damron, Jason Gary. « Transgressing Sexuality : An Interdisciplinary Study of Economic History, Anthropology, and Queer Theory ». PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/622.
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This interdisciplinary thesis examines the concept of sexuality through lenses provided by economic history, anthropology, and queer theory. A close reading reveals historical parallels from the late 1800s between concepts of a desiring, utility-maximizing economic subject on the one hand, and a desiring, carnally decisive sexological subject on the other. Social constructionists have persuasively argued that social and economic elites deploy the discourse of sexuality as a technique of discipline and social control in class- and gender-based struggles. Although prior scholarship discusses how contemporary ideas of sexuality reflect this origin, many anthropologists and queer theorists continue to use "sexuality" uncritically when crafting local, material accounts of sex, pleasure, affection, intimacy, and human agency. In this thesis, I show that other economic, political, and intellectual pathways emerge when sexuality is deliberately dis-ordered. I argued that contemporary research aspires to formulate new ideas about bodies and pleasures. It fails to do so adequately when relying on sexuality as a master narrative.
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Brown, Robert Bruce. « Holy war as an instrument of theocratic and social ideology in Judaic, Christian, and Islamic history ». CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1428.
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Blissett, Edward. « Inside the unions : a comparative analysis of policy-making in Australian and British printing and telecommunication trade unions ». Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/45549/.
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This thesis consists of a comparative analysis of policy making in Australian and British telecommunications and printing trade unions. It tests empirically the validity of different models of union policy making and behaviour, whilst also assessing the strength of the research hypothesis, that informal micro-political influences inside unions - such as personal friendships, enmities and loyalties - affect union policy making to a greater extent than is acknowledged in the literature. In order to address the subject the following research questions were posed: How, and why, do unions adopt specific policies? What factors explain the different behaviour of similar unions, when faced with comparable policy choices? To ensure that policies of strategic significance were focused upon, three key areas were selected for study: recruitment, amalgamations and union efforts to influence the labour process. As a former senior union officer I realised that trade unions were often loathe to publically disclose those factors which informed their policy making processes. For this reason a qualitative, interview rich, methodology was adopted, which involved a longitudinal study, in which over 220 officers and staff, of the relevant unions were rviewed. The research revealed that policy making in all the featured unions was a rich and complex process, in which occupational, geographical, ideological and personality based factional groups all had a significant influence on policy makers, along with the institutional and political context within which the unions operated. The empirical evidence also showed that micro-political factors, in particular enmities and personal loyalties, along with the individual beliefs, values and ideologies of policy makers, profoundly influenced their policy choices. Finally the research corroborated the assertion that strategic policy choices, made by trade unions, have a significant affect on their success or failure as organisations.
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Wolska, Barbara. « History, culture and alcohol : Drinking patterns in Poland and Australia ». Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2001. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1040.
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It is a widely held view in Poland that for centuries those in power have promoted heavy drinking among their subjects in order to achieve their various goals and that this contributed to the development of Polish drinking patterns. There is some empirical evidence that the political economy of alcohol in Poland promoted heavy drinking among the Polish population. Drinking alcohol in Poland was an important aspect of social situations. The most popular beverage was vodka(s). Social pressure to drink in the extreme was attributed to the tradition of hospitality. Cultural norms encouraged very heavy drinking among men and imposed heavy social sanctions on women who were supposed to display virtues of abstinence. The typical model of drinking was intermittent very heavy drinking, leading to intoxication on most occasions. These norms reinforced the notion that "we can drink more because we are Poles" and the view that safe drinking messages are designed for other nations because "Poles are accustomed to drinking strong alcohol, unlike others". Adult male informants reported drinking much less in Australia than in Poland. The biggest change was a lack of social pressure to drink. Although men claimed that they drink less, some still drink in an unsafe manner. These were largely those whose English skills restricted their employment and friendship networks. Women, on the other hand, admitted that in Australia they drink more often and more alcohol at a sitting than in Poland. Although informants did not mention any alcohol-related family problems in Australia, others reported alcohol related violence within some families. Some safety messages about alcohol do not reach this sample of people. Many view drink driving rules as purely revenue raisers for the government. However, advice from their medical practitioners to reduce their alcohol intake for serious health reasons is given more credibility. Young Polish Australians formed two groups in their attitude to drinking. The first group consisted of people who attended tertiary educational institutions and consumed alcohol in a similar fashion to other Australian students. It is likely that the university environment influenced their drinking patterns. Those who witnessed drinking at home and perceived it as a good thing, modelled their drinking on their parents' and other adults at home. Others, who perceived their parents as non-drinkers, learned to drink from their friends and displayed similar drinking patterns to their peers. The second group was older; some were in the workforce and manifested drinking patterns akin to those in the general Australian population in the same age bracket. Both groups of these young Polish Australians were much more aware of alcohol health messages and more likely to modify their behaviours such as not to drink and drive, than was the older population. However, other drinking related health warnings were largely disregarded. This research demonstrates the negative impact of reduced government funding for English programs and ethno-specific services for migrant groups. More research is needed on migrant drinking in Australia, specifically among those groups whose drinking continues to be problematic.
13
Borsay, Anne. « Patrons and governors : aspects of the social history of the Bath Infirmary, c.1739-1830 ». Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683159.
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Quick, Abdullah Hakim. « Aspects of Islamic social intellectual history in Hausaland, 'Uthman Ibn Fudi, 1774-1804 C.E ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ28150.pdf.
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Musemwa, Muchaparara. « Aspects of the social and political history of Langa Township, Cape Town, 1927-1948 ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21707.
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Bibliography: pages 198-213.This study focuses on the social and political history of Africans in Langa Township from 1927 to 1948. Langa conveniently and justifiably serves as a good case study of the urban African experience because it is the area in Greater Cape Town, during this period, where there was the largest concentration of a relatively organised, stabilised and permanent African working class community. It is also the oldest township with the deepest roots and longest evolution in Cape Town. Langa also makes an interesting area of study because the politics surrounding its evolution as an urban African segregated residential township presents it not only as an arena of social conflict between the ruler and the ruled, but also stands out as a veritable testimony of the African struggle to become an integral part of the city. The thesis traces what, initially, began as an "externalised" struggle by Africans against the forced removals from the city and Ndabeni Location to Langa and attempts to establish the continuities of this struggle within the township - i.e."internalised" struggle. African popular struggles in Langa predominantly centred around such issues as rents, railway fares, living conditions, restrictions on beer brewing and trading activities, the demand for direct municipal representation and the freedom of movement. The study explores the nature of the relationship that subsisted between the Langa residents and the Cape Town City Council and the internal social and political relations in the Langa community, paying particular attention to conflicting tendencies and the forms of resolution implemented. The thesis aims to highlight the fact that protest and resistance were the only weapons that empowered the Langa residents to fight against unilateral unpopular decisions by the local authority or central government. Flowing from these findings is an attempt to discover how the lived experiences of the Langa people, their frustrations, disillusionment, crises of expectations, translated into political consciousness and how these help us to explain the people's role in nationalist politics. Alternatively, this will help us to explain how political parties, the African National Congress (ANC), the Communist Party of South Africa (CPS A), and the National Liberation League (NLL) exploited the crises in civic matters to enhance or strengthen their support bases and with what results.
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Wrightson, Nicholas Mikus. « Franklin's networks : aspects of British Atlantic print culture, science, and communication c.1730-60 ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670081.
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Devon, Terrence J. (Terrence John). « Language, media, and the concept of a machine : toward a unified theory of communication in history ». Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39778.
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This thesis is focused upon the development of the computer as a communication medium in history. To accomplish this, the computer is understood as constructed by language and technology where these are in turn grounded upon their roles as forms of cultural mediation. As methodology is of paramount importance, the digital medium is heuristically employed to discuss the epistemic and phenomenological significance of communications media. The more general inference therefore concerns the role of socially constructed media in the fabric of cultural development. In addressing this concern, the paper finds that communications media stand as the repositories of knowledge in the form of artificial memory and figurative technique. The computer then, as a medium in history, may arguably be declared as a paradigmatic instantiation of this role.
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Walters, Handri. « Religion, intolerance, and social identity ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4175.
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Thesis (MA (Political Science))--Stellenbosch University, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Over the past few decades the secular world has witnessed an increasing assault, specifically from the monotheistic religious fundamentalist community, on their beliefs and values. The undeniable intolerance shown by the religious fundamentalist community has often translated into violent terrorist attacks against the secular world. The fact that religious beings can resort to such atrocious acts of violence has certainly baffled many onlookers. It surely comes as no surprise that religious fundamentalism is generally viewed as a ''hard-to-understand‟ phenomenon. This literature review will describe the ''hard-to-understand‟ phenomenon that is religious fundamentalism by employing social identity theory. The social identity of religious fundamentalists is generally derived from sacred texts and what they consider to be absolute truths. These presumed absolute truths not only provide ample opportunity for the development of the ''us‟/''them‟ duality, but also provide a platform for an intense intolerance of the ''other‟, also referred to as the out-group. Of course, the ''us‟/''them‟ duality can be created on many social dimensions, but religion has proven to bring quite an extensive, even murderous, intolerance to in- and out-group characterizations. The ever increasing actions of religious fundamentalist groups over the past few decades have certainly illustrated this point with some conviction. The importance of social identity has been recognised in many major traditions of the social sciences, not excluding political science. Social identity forms the basis of any group‟s actions or reactions. Therefore, its significance stretches far beyond simply providing an identity to a social group. Social identity also acts as a preamble to how a social group, in this case religious fundamentalists, chooses to deal with invidious comparisons. By employing social identity in this particular way we can go beyond investigating how religious fundamentalists act and react to the point of understanding why they act and react the way they do. In this study it was found that although a number of options to deal with invidious comparisons are available to social groups, only a few of these options are likely to be pursued by religious fundamentalists in order to remain a relevant and competitive social group within the social hierarchy. This approach will provide important insights into a formerly ''hard-to-understand‟ phenomenon namely religious fundamentalism.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Oor die laaste paar dekades het die sekulêre wêreld 'n toenemende aanslag op sy oortuigings en waardes waargeneem, spesifiek vanaf die monoteïstiese godsdienstige fundamentalistiese gemeenskap. Die onloënbare onverdraagsaamheid wat deur hierdie godsdienstige fundamentalistiese gemeenskap getoon word ontaard dikwels in geweldadige terroriste aanvalle op die sekulêre wêreld. Die feit dat godsdienstige individue hulself begwewe tot sulke wreedaaardige dade van geweld het verseker baie toeskouers verydel. Dis is sekerlik dan nie 'n verrassing dat godsdienstige fundamentalisme gesien word as 'n ''moelik-om-te-begryp‟ fenomeen nie. Hierdie literatuur oorsig sal die ''moelik-om-te-begryp‟ fenomeen wat godsdienstige fundamentalisme is beskryf deur gebruik te maak van die sosiale identiteits teorie. Die sosiale identiteit van godsdienstige fundamentaliste spruit oor die algemeen uit heilige teks en absolute waarhede. Hierdie absolute waarhede bied nie slegs ruim geleenthede vir die ontwikkeling van die ''ons‟/''hulle‟ dualiteit nie, maar bied ook 'n platform vir 'n intense onverdraagsaamheid van die 'ander‟, wat ook verwys word na as die buite-groep. Natuurlik kan die ''ons‟/''hulle‟ dualiteit op grond van baie ander sosiale dimensies ontwikkel word, maar godsdiens het telke male al gedemonstreer dat dit 'n omvattende, selfs moordadige, onverdraagsaamheid na binne- en buite-groep karakterisering bring. Die al ewige toenemende aksies van godsdienstige fundamentalistiese groepe oor die laaste paar dekades illustreer sekerlik hierdie punt met oortuiging. Die belangrikheid van sosiale identiteit word erken deur verskeie tradisies van die sosiale wetenskappe en politieke wetenskap word nie hier uitgesluit nie. Sosiale identiteit vorm die basis van enige groep se aksies en reaksies. Vir hierdie rede strek die betekenisvoheid ver verby die feit dat slegs 'n identiteit aan 'n sosiale groep verskaf word. Sosiale identiteit tree op as 'n voorrede vir die manier waarop 'n sosiale groep, in ons geval godsdienstige fundamentaliste, verkies om onbenydenswaardige vergelykings te hanteer. Deur sosiale identiteit op hierdie besondere manier aan te spreek kan ons verder gaan as om slegs ondersoek in te stel in hoe godsdienstige fundamentaliste optree en reageer tot die punt waar ons kan verstaan hoekom hulle optree en reageer op hierdie spesifieke manier. In hierdie studie is gevind dat alhoewel daar 'n aantal opsies beskikbaar is vir sosiale groepe om onbenydenswaardige vergelykings te hanteer, is daar slegs 'n paar van hierdie opsies wat mees waarskynlik nagestreef sal word deur godsdienstige fundamentaliste ten 'n einde 'n relevante en kompeterende sosiale groep binne die sosial hïerargie te wees. Hierdie benadering sal belangrike insigte bring tot die voormalige 'moeilik-om-te-begryp‟ fenomeen genaamd godsdienstige fundamentalisme.
19
Wells, Camille. « Social and economic aspects of eighteenth-century housing on the northern neck of Virginia ». W&M ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623857.
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This study is an attempt to discern what eighteenth-century houses--their forms, dimensions, internal organization, and external settings--have to contribute to scholarly understanding of colonial Virginia's society, economy, and culture.;Historic Virginia houses usually were built more recently than traditional scholars and popular writers have supposed, and standing eighteenth-century houses are, almost without exception, far larger and finer than the dwellings most colonial Virginians inhabited. Yet even lightly constructed and shabbily finished houses stood at the center of a complex of buildings where most of the planter's household and agricultural work was performed. Thus eighteenth-century Virginia houses were more mundane and unpretentious yet more symbolically and functionally dominant components of the landscape than surviving houses and their isolated rural sites can suggest.;This dissertation employs documentary, architectural, and archaeological evidence to address three questions. What can a close reading of written sources convey about the character and context of houses in eighteenth-century Virginia? What can a close inspection of surviving houses, their archaeological remains, and their associated documentary histories convey about the circumstances of their construction and use, the significance of their form and presentation? Finally, what was the economic background and the social significance of a pretentious Virginia house which was built, accoutred, and inhabited during a time and in a place where such structures were exceedingly rare?
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Mosely, Philip Alan. « A social history of soccer in New South Wales 1880-1957 ». Phd thesis, Department of History, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8951.
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Futterer, Patricia. « Cultural studies of science : skinning bodies in Western medicine ». Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23332.
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This thesis explores the cultural implications underlying the medical practice of cutting human flesh. The examination focuses, in particular, on the function of representational technologies--from anatomy sketches to computer imaging--in the scientific understanding of the body in the West. By foregrounding the technologies of representation which inform and have directed a history of surgery, it is hoped that the cultural aspects of modern medicine will be made apparent. This thesis argues that while science benefitted from art to construct its image of 'the' body, it has had to rid itself of art in order to justify its empirical claims. The study concludes with a discussion of the work of the French performance artist Orlan who uses plastic surgery in a performative setting to deconstruct these very claims.
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MacArthur, E. Mairi. « The Island of Iona : aspects of its social and economic history from 1750 to 1914 ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19067.
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This study centres on the inhabitants of the Hebridean island of Iona from the mid-eighteenth century until the First World War. It examines the events and influences which, over this period, affected the people's economy, society and way of life. The first Chapter sets Iona in its geographical and historical context and outlines the reasons for undertaking the research. It then assesses the wide range of sources used, both documentary and oral, and describes the methodology by which these have been gathered together and integrated. Chapters 2 to 17 trace the history of the islanders chronologically, starting with the profound shift in landlord/tenant relationships in the Highlands, already underway on the Argyll Estates from the 1730s and which accelerated everywhere after 1745. The specific attempts by the fifth Duke of Argyll to broaden the economic base of his Estate are detailed, as are the agrarian reforms he initiated in the late eighteenth century. By 1802 Iona's land was divided into individual lots, or crofts, marking an end to the former communal system of agriculture. The study goes on to look at how rents were met for the holdings, at the growing impact of visitors and at the steady rise in population to a peak by the late 1830s. The effects of the 1846 potato failure are considered at length as the ensuing decade proved to be a turning-point, both demographically and economically. Emigration reduced Iona's population dramatically and the amalgamation of crofts into larger units began. A combination of higher rents, lower self-sufficiency and decline in sources of cash income produced a financial strain, and a tension between tenants and the Estate, that did not ease until the Napier Commission of 1883 and the subsequent adjustment of rents by the Crofters' Commission of 1890. The educational and religious life of the island over the period is also documented, along with the role played within the community by schoolmaster and minister. The former first appears when a school was set up in 1774. A resident minister dates from the building of a Parish Church and Manse in 1828. A zeal for self-education, an active interest in current affairs and a lively recreational life are also commented upon as central aspects of parish life. A core of family names is identified early in the study, providing one of its basic unifying threads. Family history has been used throughout, as a tool for elucidating information, e.g. on emigration, and to illustrate the close-knit nature of the society. Attention is paid at several points to other factors which underlined the cohesion and mutual support of the community, such as traditional beliefs, communal working practices and occasions for song, dance and storytelling. The concluding Chapter highlights those points where, during this period of radical transformation throughout the highlands, the experience of Iona's population parallels that of other areas and where it differs. The most critical times for the island are noted and the lines of continuity, as reflected in kinship links, custom and culture, are summarised and their significance reinforced.
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Wong, Lai-man David, et 黃禮文. « The contemporary history of press commentaries on the English languagein Hong Kong (1 January 1997 to 30 June 1997) ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31951545.
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Supartono, Alexander. « Re-imag(in)ing history : photography and the sugar industry in colonial Java ». Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11909.
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This thesis seeks to examine the ways that the success of the Dutch Empire at the turn of the twentieth century was represented and celebrated in the photographic albums of Dutch sugar industrialists in Java. It aims to show how the photographic practices that developed in the colony in parallel with its industrialisation informed the ways that the colony was imagined in the metropolis and the colony. Whether social portraiture, topographic studies or depictions of industrial machinery and infrastructure, the photographs of the sugar industry were part and parcel of a topical vernacular tradition that generated distinct visual themes in the development of popular photographic genres, and which reflected the cultural hybridity and social stratification of the local sugar world. This analysis is pursued through close reading of the photographic albums of the Pietermaat-Soesman family from the Kalibagor sugar factory in Java. These albums exemplify how the family albums of sugar industrialists retained the familiarity and cult value of the family album whilst illustrating the values and attitudes of the colonial industry and society. What is more, the Pietermaat-Soesman albums underline the significance of the albums' materiality; their story is not only one of images, but also a story of objects. I specifically pay attention to the role of photographers and commercial photo studios in the formulation of the pictorial commonplace of the sugar industry. It is the collaboration between sugar industrialists and colony-based photographers that reveals the social necessity, ideological constraints, pictorial conventions and cultural idioms of colonial industry and society in the Dutch East Indies. Largely understudied in both the Dutch and Indonesian histories of photography, this material, I argue, may problematise the ideological premises of ‘colonial' photography.
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au, deb quarmby@supernerd com, et Debbie Quarmby. « The politics of parks : a history of Tasmania's national parks 1885-2005 ». Murdoch University, 2006. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090422.140836.
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This thesis examines the history of Tasmanias national parks and protected areas from 1885-2005, analysing the interests, and the organisations and individuals representing them, which have influenced outcomes. Significant organisations representing different and sometimes competing interests have been community based groups, chiefly the naturalist and scientific bodies, bushwalking clubs and environmental organisations; tourism associations, industry interests, notably forestry, mining and hydro-electricity, federal, local and state governments and government agencies, notably the National Parks and Wildlife Service. The thesis argues that the establishment and development of Tasmanias national parks and protected areas have been shaped by the negotiations, accommodations, conflicts and shifting relative power among these competing interests.
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries consensus of interest among Tasmanias social and political elite facilitated the declaration of Tasmanias first scenery reserves and national parks. Conflicts of interest between preserving land in its natural state and industrial development grew apparent from the 1920s however, and Tasmanian governments managed park expansion through politics of compromise in which national parks accommodated industry demands. The environment movement that emerged in the 1960s protested national parks residual status and with federal government support defeated the State governments plan to build a dam within an area proposed for a Wild Rivers National Park. Following environmentalists success in over-riding State government processes to expand the States national park estate and World Heritage Area in the early 1980s; the State government strengthened its direct control over the National Parks and Wildlife Service and focused its attention on national parks tourism role. Aspects of tourism in national parks are, however, incompatible with the preservation of environmental and wilderness values, which resulted in further political conflict between government-supported tourism interests and the national parks movement.
This thesis complements earlier research on Tasmanian national park history by Mosley, Castles, Shackel, Mendel and Cubit by extending analysis of that history to the twenty-first century, examining the role of the National Parks and Wildlife Service in that history since the agencys inception in 1971, and addressing both environmental and social perspectives of national park history. It concludes that by the twenty-first century Tasmanian national park policy required a framework of social values associated with national parks in which to situate environmental protection as national parks primary purpose.
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Wilson, John Campbell. « A history of the UK renewable energy programme, 1974-88 : some social, political, and economic aspects ». Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3121/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Following the global oil crisis of October 1973 the UK government funded and administered a range of R&D programmes in renewable energy. Despite the discoveries of large deposits of oil and gas in the North Sea during the late 1960s and continuing faith in nuclear energy the government was keen to explore the potential of renewable energy as what it described as an ‘insurance technology’. This thesis examines the creation and evolution of the UK renewable energy programme from 1974 until its demise prior to the privatisation of the UK’s nationalised energy industries in the late 1980s. The thesis shows the important role that social movements - in this case, the new environmentalism - played in the promotion of renewable energy in the UK. This will suggest that the programme can be seen in some senses as a tokenistic gesture by the government acting within the uncertain political, social, and economic landscape of the 1970s. This thesis shows that government decisions on renewable energy were continually driven by socio-political factors which overwhelmed the unreliable economic case for renewables at that time. This is achieved by a close historical account of the two key elements of the wider programme: the Wave Energy Programme and the Wind Energy Programme. Using a mix of the existing literature, historical archive and interviews this thesis builds a historical account of renewable energy R&D in the UK between 1974 and 1988.
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Hall, Valerie Gordon. « Aspects of the political and social history of Ashington, a Northumberland coal mining community, 1870-1914 ». Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530758.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis examines the political and social history of Ashington, a coal mining community in Northumberland, in the years 1870 to 1914. This community was the first in the county to move from the Liberal Party to the Labour Party in the early twentieth century and to reject the conciliatory policies of the late Victorian era in favour of a position of assertiveness and national solidarity in industrial relations. It was also central to persuading the accommodationist county union to adopt a similar stance. This study explores the process by which Ashington made such changes and took the lead in the county. It also analyses the actual outlook which emerged amongst the miners. In addition, this study also links the timing of the change in Ashington and the role which this community took in the county to significant developments which occurred at the local level in the early twentieth century: in the organisation of work; in the nature of community life; in the structure and character of the population and in the respective roles of the company and workers in the social realm. It is clear that these changes, along with broader developments in the nation as a whole, created a milieu which was favourable to the adoption of new policies. Though the study of only one community, this analysis illuminates the behaviour of other workers. It reveals the number of factors which can influence their outlook and it shows the complex interaction between events at the local and the national level. It also sheds light on the confusing picture of political change in the years before the First World War and upon an industrial group which played a very important part in workers' politics. In addition, it reveals the close links between change in the work sphere, in the social arena, both at the national and the local level, and in the outlook of workers.
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Graham, Ian D. (Ian Douglas) 1961. « The episiotomy crusade ». Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28764.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis traces and analyses the evolution of obstetrical and midwifery doctrine and use of episiotomy in the United States and United Kingdom. In the U.S., the routinization of episiotomy resulted from strenuous lobbying efforts of a small group of obstetrician/gynecologists between 1915 and 1935. These physicians claimed episiotomy prevented perineal lacerations, infant mortality and morbidity, and gynecological problems. In the U.K., the liberal use of episiotomy came about during the 1970s from pressure from obstetricians although no overt campaigning for the practice occurred. In both countries adoption of routine episiotomy was encouraged by social forces which involved changes occurring in the dominant belief system in obstetrics, maternity care practices, and the obstetrics and midwifery professions. Questioning of the practice by childbirth activists and others eventually led to declines in episiotomy. This was facilitated, particularly in Britain, by midwifery interest in resisting obstetrical control. Neither the adoption nor rejection of routine episiotomy was informed by scientific evidence. This study contributes to understanding the process of innovation in maternity care.
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Gyll, Sean Paul. « The automatic activation of ethnic stereotypes in a simple cognitive task ». CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1303.
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Harris, Regina Gray. « Social emanations : Toward a sociology of human olfaction ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5170/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Within the discipline of sociology human olfaction is rich with social significance yet remains a poorly charted frontier. Therefore, the following discourse is aimed toward the development of a foundation for the sociological study of olfaction. It is formed by the dual goals of unearthing the social history of olfaction and of providing a viable sociological account of the manner in which smells affect human ontology. From these goals arise the following research questions: (1) Have the meaning and social relevance of odors and the olfactory sensorium changed throughout different periods of history?; (2) How have those in the lineage of eminent sociological thinkers addressed the phenomenon of human olfaction during these periods?; and (3) What is the process by which aromatic stimuli are transformed from simple chemical compounds, drifting in the atmosphere, into sensations in a sensory field and then on to perceived objects, to subjects of judgment and interpretation, and finally to bases of knowledge which form and continually reform individuals in the world? The weaving of the sociohistorical tapestry of smell is undertaken to provide examples from thousands of years lived experiences as to the fluid and sociologically complex nature of individuals' olfactory senses. This historical information is presented in a narrative format and is synthesized from data gleaned from books, advertisements, articles in popular non-scientific magazines, as well as from the findings of studies published in medical/neurological, psychological, anthropological, and sociological scholarly journals. Regarding theoretical aim of this discourse, insights are drawn from Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological theory of human perception for the generation of a framework for the sociological study of olfaction. Merleau-Ponty's theoretical notions are modified, modernized, and refitted to more specifically fit the subject of human olfaction and to include all that has been discovered about the biological specifics of olfactory perception since the time of his writing. Taken in sum, this effort is an access point to the understanding of how olfactory sensory perceptions flow toward the ontological unfolding of individuals.
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Nichols, Cynthia A. « The Creation of Fictional History in the Tequila Industry ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc955073/.
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Griffiths, Paul. « Some aspects of social history of youth in early modern England, with particular reference to the period c.1560-c.1640 ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273130.
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Bastow, Sarah L. « Aspects of the history of the Catholic gentry of Yorkshire from the Pilgrimage of Grace to the First Civil War ». Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2002. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/4675/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study looks at the responses of the Yorkshire Catholic gentry to the immense changes to their religious landscape in the early modem period, between 1536 and 1642. It examines how they continued to adhere to the Catholic religion, despite all attempts first to induce and then compel conformity and highlights the ways in which they managed to survive and prosper throughout the period, demonstrating that previously neglected groups such as women and younger sons had a crucial role to play in this process. The overwhelming theme to their actions was one of pragmatism, rather than the heroic and self-destructive behaviour that was much admired by earlier historians who wanted to identify martyrs to the Catholic cause. The areas that are to be examined reflect both public and private gentry activities. In the public sphere the Yorkshire gentry's part in the rebellions of the Tudor and Stuart eras are studied along with their rejection of plots. The importance of marriage as an early modem tool for building alliances and social advancement is acknowledged and the impact that a continuing adherence to Catholicism had on this is considered. The gentry and the church are examined through a study of the Catholic gentry's involvement with their local parishes, their reaction to the dissolution and their continuing adherence to monasticism, as shown through their devotion to English orders on the continent. To reflect the changes that were occurring in this period Catholic involvement in education, the law and medicine are also explored showing that the Catholic community was not isolated from the wider society. Lastly the role of Catholic women is given specific consideration in order both to redress the imbalance in previous studies and due to the crucial role that women played in the continuation of the Catholic community within Yorkshire.
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Kell, Patricia Ellen. « British collecting, 1656-1800 : scientific enquiry and social practice ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670252.
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Harrison, Helen E. « In the picture of health, portraits of health, disease and citizenship in Canada's public health advice literature, 1920-1960 ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ63424.pdf.
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Reaves, Joseph Allen. « A history of baseball in Asia : assimilating, rejecting and remaking America's game / ». Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470472.
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Moore, Oliver J. « The literary arena : social and ceremonial aspects of Chinese state examinations in the T'ang chih-yen by Wang Ting-Pao (870-940) ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272400.
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Wright, David. « The study of idiocy : the professional middle class and the evolution of social policy on the mentally retarded in England, 1848 to 1914 ». Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22403.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The professional study of idiocy began within the discipline of medico-psychology and was taken up, later, by professionals in the fields of education, social work, and philanthropy. When medical research seemed to confirm the hereditary origin of mental ability, and as studies began to assert that a great deal of social problems were due to 'weakness of mind', men and women from these professions concerned themselves with the prevention of idiocy, primarily by segregation. As social commentators in late-Victorian England became increasingly concerned about the nation's apparent decline in economic and military competitiveness, these professionals and commentators began to stridently campaign for the detention of idiots in permanent colonies. This process continued during the Edwardian period when many professionals slowly gravitated to the eugenic-led campaign for control of the feeble-minded, a campaign which culminated in the Mental Deficiency Act of 1913.
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Glavanis, Pandelis Michalis. « Aspects of the economic and social history of the Greek community in Alexandria during the nineteenth century ». Thesis, University of Hull, 1989. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3580.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study is intended to be a contribution to nineteenth century Egyptian historiography with particular reference to a discussion of aspects of the economic and social role and activities of the Greek community in Alexandria. Given, however, the almost total absence of studies on the role and activities of the modern history of the Greeks in Egypt, this study constitutes both a pioneering and preliminary contribution.
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Shepherd, Verene Albertha. « Pens and pen-keepers in a plantation society : aspects of Jamaican social and economic history, 1740-1845 ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272366.
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Hambridge, Katherine Grace. « The performance of history : music, identity and politics in Berlin, 1800-1815 ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283937.
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Molapo, Rachidi Richard. « Sports, festivals and popular politics : aspects of the social and popular culture in Langa township, 1945-70 ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15984.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Bibliography: pages 233-237.The rapid industrialization which transformed South African Society after the discovery of minerals, had a profound impact on the lives of most South Africans. The process of urbanization escalated during and after the Second World War because of better wages and job opportunities in the urban areas. South African urbanization was characterized by the brutal manner in which the state dealt with the Black people. The White middle and working classes' fear of being engulfed by this Black tide led to the multi-pronged strategies which were devised to contain and co-opt the Africans, hence the creation of townships like Langa. This study looks at how the journey from the rural areas to the cities became part of the 'making of Black working class'. Material conditions in the cities were characterized by social squalor and overcrowding. Ghetto-like conditions created ethnic identities and working class culture, consciousness and community struggles came to reflect capitalist domination in the twentieth century township of Langa. Many residents in the township indulged in leisure pursuits such as dance and music which had their origins in the rural areas and this indicated an important cultural resource which they adhered to so as to cope with the alienating and corrosive compound and hostel life. Some of the residents found pleasure in leisure pursuits whose roots and ethos could be traced to the Victorian period such as cricket, soccer and rugby. All these leisure pursuits however, came largely to be influenced by the realities of township life and the general national and economic exploitation. The working class in Langa was not a homogeneous block as there were intense struggles between the migrants and immigrants over township space and resources. Therefore festivals and sporting activities played an important part in the cultural history of Langa township's effort to create "communities". The last part of the study looked at how the conditions in the city led to the realization by the dominated classes that the solution towards the alleviation of the conditions that they were confronted with was through the formation of structures which aimed at overthrowing institutions of oppression, such as the pass laws.
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Greenwood, Emma Louise. « Work, identity and letterpress printers in Britain, 1750-1850 ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/work-identity-and-letterpress-printers-in-britain-17501850(c50e09e9-c9e4-4805-90de-3630d127fdea).html.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis examines the relationship between work and identity amongst letterpress printers in late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century Britain. It probes the sources of work-based identity and considers efforts to maintain, and even manipulate, a distinctive sense of trade belonging. The effect of work on other interrelated personal and social identities is also examined. In contrast to other histories of work, particularly class-based studies, all levels of the trade are scrutinized, from apprentices through journeymen to masters and proprietors. Differences in the experience of work between these varying members of the trade are analysed, together with their effect on working relationships. The first part of this thesis follows the hierarchy of the trade with chapters on apprentices, journeymen and masters. Apprentice printers endured increasingly exploitative conditions and came from more diverse social backgrounds than was commonly assumed. Journeymen took pride in the history of their trade, and had a strong tradition of fraternity, but their sense of identity was increasingly threatened by rising unemployment levels. Meanwhile, masters were less likely to have been brought up to the trade, and had few formal or informal trade associations. The second part of the thesis looks at how work-based identities intersected with familial, political, and socio-economic identities. Family relationships were crucial to the success of many printing businesses with intergenerational transfer being unusually prevalent compared with other trades. Political discussion played an important role in the formation of printers’ collective identity, particularly where campaigns for freedom of the press were concerned. Finally, social mobility became increasingly divergent among printers in the early industrial period. The changes highlighted in this thesis had a profound effect on working relationships. A new generation of master printers was distant from the physical process of work and at times dismissive of the culture and customs of the workplace. This led to tension and conflict with journeymen over issues such as apprentice numbers. But there were also many stabilizing influences, such as the strength of journeymen’s fraternity, or a shared belief in the history and social significance of the press. By uncovering these complexities, even within a single trade, this thesis argues that occupation is a poor basis on which to base socio-economic classifications. Furthermore, the specific characteristics of occupational communities were in themselves strong contributors to personal and social identity, influencing working relationships, as well as the way in which people interacted with wider society.
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Rerceretnam, Marc. « Black Europeans, the Indian coolies and empire : colonialisation and christianized Indians in colonial Malaya & ; Singapore, c. 1870s - c. 1950s ». Phd thesis, Faculty of Economics and Business, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/7626.
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Biswas, Margaret Rose. « FAO : its history and its achievements during the first four decades, 1945-1985 ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0b79db50-0d09-422e-8a11-d0ef8e9d47c3.
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Byrne, Graeme. « Schemes of nation : a planning history of the Snowy Mountains Scheme ». Phd thesis, Department of Art History and Theory, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11445.
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Hofstee, Erik J. W. « The great divide : aspects of the social history of the middle passage in the trans-Atlantic slave trade ». Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?res_dat=xri:ssbe&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_dat=xri:ssbe:ft:keyresource:Love_Diss_01.
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Chow, Ka-kin Kelvin, et 周家建. « A study of the social status of the Canadian Chinese during the mid-twentieth century ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4163374X.
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Lam, Yeuk-hon John, et 林約翰. « Development of shopping centre in Hong Kong : a sociological study ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967905.
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Smith, John H. « Fear, frustration and the will to overcome : A social history of poliomyelitis in Western Australia ». Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1997. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/921.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis investigates community responses to Poliomyelitis, and the Impact of the disease on those who experienced It, particularly during the epidemics that occurred In Western Australia between 1938 and 1956. The research sources an.: W.A. Health Department records, held mostly at the Battye Library, records held by Australian Archives and Royal Perth Hospital, newspaper reports, comparative studies from several states in Australia and overseas, oral history interviews, biographies and personal records. The history of polio has several layers and the presence or the disease In the community evoked varied and ambiguous reactions, summarised here as fear, frustration and the will to overcome. I have examined the discussion the virus generated amongst members of the public. researchers, health professionals and polio survivors, In order to draw conclusions about the relationship between disease and western society. Polio evoked greater level of fear amongst all members of the community, compared with other Infectious diseases which had a far higher mortality rate. The behaviour of the polio virus challenged theories of Infection current during the first half of the twentieth century. Health and scientific professionals, and the general public, were frustrated by a lack of accurate knowledge concerning the disease. Uncertainty led to the Implementation of a variety of preventative measures, some of which, such as quarantine, were unpopular while others, such as nasal clips, were ineffective. Research aimed at developing a vaccine to conquer the Virus was maintained but scientific and medical professionals disagreed amongst themselves, while members of the general public questioned their capabilities and offered their own homespun solutions. At the same time polio survivors were often noted for their determined efforts to recover from the effects of paralysis.