Thèses : « Prices, United States, 1910 »

1

Vandegrift, Shia-Lu Chu. « Impact of government regulation on the dairy industry in the United States ». Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03122009-040601/.

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Albrecht, William David. « The determinants of the market reaction to an announcement of a change in auditor ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39947.

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The Securities and Exchange Conunission (1974) has stated that the one of the fundamental underpinnings of federal securities law is the external auditor opinion of registrant financial statements. The SEC believes that the corporate practice of voluntary auditor change may be perceived by the investing public as attempted opinion shopping. The monitoring hypothesis of Jensen and Meckling (1976), on the other hand, posits that companies may change auditors in an attempt to control net agency costs. The objective of this dissertation is determine if the monitoring hypothesis is descriptive of the phenomenon of voluntary auditor change. The monitoring hypothesis posits that changes in net agency costs are related to the change in auditor quality at the time of an auditor change. and that both changes in agency costs and change in auditor quality are related to the market reaction to the auditor change. Auditor changes from 1980 to 1986 for New York Stock Exchange and American Stock Exchange companies were analyzed. The results indicate that changes in agency costs are related to change in auditor quality, as measured by the difference, from the old auditor to the new, in the auditor's share of the industry audit fees for the company that is changing auditors. Significant variables that measure changes in agency costs aregrowth in company sales, change in long-term compensation plans, and change in the dividend payout ratio. The results also indicate that changes in agency costs are related to market reaction to a change in auditors, but that the change in auditor quality is not. Variables that are significant in explaining the relationship are change in the debt ratio, change in the holdings of the largest stockholder, and prior receipt of a qualified opinion or disclosure of a disagreement between the company and the previous auditor. The results provide strong support for the monitoring hypothesis and weak support for the opinion shopping hypothesis.
Ph. D.

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Shelnutt, John Paul. « Transition in the world primary copper industry, 1975-1990 ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/41997845.html.

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Woodley, Jenny. « The cultural campaigns of the NAACP : 1910-1955 ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://etheses.nottingham.ac.uk/1839/.

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The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) used a wide range of strategies for securing racial equality. These included some perhaps surprising tactics: it encouraged black writers and artists, published poems and plays, organised an art exhibition, picketed cinemas and dined with Hollywood moguls. This thesis explores the NAACP''s involvement with and use of the arts and popular culture between 1910 and 1955. It asks why the NAACP developed a culturalf strategy, what this strategy was and how it was implemented, and what it reveals about the NAACP as an organisation during the first half of the twentieth century. The NAACP believed that racial inequality was caused by racial prejudice. In other words, African Americans suffered political, social and economic discrimination because of the attitudes of white Americans toward the race. These attitudes were formed in large part by the depiction of blacks in American culture. Therefore, the NAACP hoped that if it could change the representation of the race then it could alter white prejudices and achieve racial equality. The NAACP challenged what it considered to be negative cultural representations of African Americans and sought to replace them with positive images. It saw the creation of ''high'' culture as a signifier of a group''s status and believed the production of fine art and literature could be used to prove that African Americans ''deserved'' equal rights. Furthermore, it used culture to instil racial pride and to forge a sense of a collective black identity. The arts were also utilised to change attitudes on specific issues, most notably to encourage anti-lynching sentiment amongst whites. The NAACP believed that culture could be used as a weapon in the fight for racial equality.

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Trevelyan, Barry. « The geographical spread of poliomyelitis in the United States, 1910-1971 ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431325.

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Coloma, Roland Sintos. « Empire and education : Filipino schooling under United States rule, 1900-1910 ». The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1086209087.

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Krčál, Adam. « High-dimensional VAR analysis of regional house prices in United States ». Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-202128.

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In this thesis the heterogeneity of regional real estate prices in United States is investigated. A high dimensional VAR model with additional exogenous predictors, originally introduced by \cite{fan11}, is adopted. In this framework, the common factor in regional house prices dynamics is explained by exogenous predictors and the spatial dependencies are captured by lagged house prices in other regions. For the purpose of estimation and variable selection under high-dimensional setting the concept of Penalized Least Squares (PLS) with different penalty functions (e.g. LASSO penalty) is studied in detail and implemented. Moreover, clustering methods are employed to identify subsets of statistical regions with similar house prices dynamics. It is demonstrated that these clusters are well geographically defined and contribute to a better interpretation of the VAR model. Next, we make use of the LASSO variable selection property in order to construct the impulse response functions and to simulate the prices behavior when a shock occurs. And last but not least, one-period-ahead forecasts from VAR model are compared to those from the Diffusion Index Factor Model by \cite{stock02}, a commonly used model for forecasts.

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Reed, Janet. « Experiments in Social Salvation : The Settlement Movement in Chicago, 1890-1910 ». TopSCHOLAR®, 2000. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/697.

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In this study, the settlement movement in Chicago is presented as a crucible for the development of Progressive reform. The subjective and objective necessities for social settlements are described through the lives of men and women central to the movement. Reformers such as Jane Addams, Graham Taylor, and Mary McDowell fused their personal motives to their expanding assumptions regarding public welfare in their pursuit of social salvation. The settlement community advanced a methodology of experimentation and flexibility, which was instrumental to the transformation of nineteenth century ideas of charity into the new twentieth century science of social work. The processes of reform were greatly influenced by the evolving concepts of class, gender, and race. The feminine nature of settlement work and the opportunities afforded to generations of college-educated women were integral to the impact the settlement community had on Progressive reform in general and to the role settlement workers played in affecting public opinion. Primary sources include Jane Addams' correspondence, Twenty Years at Hull-House, and issues of the periodical The Commons. The historiography of the Progressive Era is also considered, and the effects of class, gender, and race upon its development throughout the twentieth century.

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Mejia, Angie Pamela. « Las Pioneras : New Immigrant Destinations and the Gendered Experiences of Latina Immigrants ». PDXScholar, 2009. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1910.

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Are experiences with migration affecting culturally specific gendered practices, roles, attitudes, and ideologies of Mexican women and men? Which experiences reinforce patriarchy? Which experiences transform patriarchy? This thesis proposes that Mexican immigrant women will subscribe to and enact different gendered behaviors depending upon their perception of gendered gains. Various factors, such as time of arrival, previous experiences with negative machismos, and workforce participation affect how they construct gendered identities. The context where bargaining occurs-whether itwas the home, the community, or the workplace - inform women of what strategies they need implement in order to negotiate with patriarchy. This study employs two models, Deniz Kandiyoti's concept of the patriarchal bargain and Sylvya Walby' s theoretical position of patriarchy fomenting unique gender inequalities within different contexts, to process the different ways Mexican immigrant women perceive and perform gender. The author analyzed data collected from participant observation activities, focus groups, and interviews with women of Mexican descent living in new immigrant destinations. Mexican immigrant women's narratives of negotiations and transformations with male partners indicated equal adherence of traditional and nontraditional gendered behaviors in order to build satisfactory patriarchal bargains. In addition, data suggested that identity formation was the outcome of migratory influences; it also indicated that progressive ideas about gender were salient before migrating to the U.S .. Findings also suggested that reassured masculine identities, due to the stable work options open to Mexican immigrant males in this area, became a factor in the emergence and adherence of distinct gendered attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions by women in this study.

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Reddy, Vijaya Shekher. « The price sensitivity of industrial buyers to softwood lumber product and service quality : an investigation of the U.S. wood treating industry ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39037.

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Pongspaibool, Nantaphol. « An Analysis of the Information Content of Bond-Rating Changes : A Case of Differential Information ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332706/.

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This dissertation examines the reaction of common stock prices to the announcement of changes in bond ratings by Moody's Bond Service, while having a control for differential information availability. The Institutional Brokers Estimate System (I/B/E/S) number of security analysts and coefficient of variation of earning per share (EPS) estimates are used as a proxy for information availability of the firms. Past studies differs in their conclusions as to whether the market has responded to announcement of bond rating changes. None of past studies have controlled for differential information availability. This study, using daily stock returns data and the event study methodology with the statistical test, finds that while the sample of rating downgrades exhibit significantly negative abnormal price effect during the announcement period, the magnitude of this effect is significantly higher for firms with low information availability. For the rating upgrades, the sample as a whole has no abnormal announcement period returns, but the sample of firms with lower information earns significantly positive abnormal returns. This study provides support for the hypothesis that the announcement effect of bond-rating changes is conditional on the information available about the firm.

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Joslyn-Battaglia, Kari. « The Relationship Between an Industry Average Beta Coefficient and Price Elasticity of Demand ». Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500999/.

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The price elasticity of demand coefficient for a good or service is a measure of the sensitivity, or responsiveness, of the quantity demanded of a product to changes in the price of that product. The price elasticity of demand coefficients were generated for goods and services in nine different industries for the years 1972 to 1984. A simple linear demand function was employed, using the changes in the Consumer Price Index as a proxy for changes in price and Personal Consumption Expenditures, taken from the National Income and Product Accounts, as a proxy for quantity. Beta measures the sensitivity, or responsiveness, of a stock to the market. An industry average beta coefficient was generated for each of the nine industries over the time period, using the beta coefficients published by Value Line for firms which met certain criteria. In order to test the relationship between the price elasticity of demand and an industry average beta coefficient, a simple regression was performed using the beta coefficient as the dependent variable and the price elasticity of demand coefficient as the independent variable. The results broke down into 3 basic categories: those industries for which there seemed to be no relationship, those industries where there was a fairly strong probability that a relationship exists and the price elasticity of demand explains at least part of the variation in beta coefficients, and those industries where there was a very high probability that a relationship does exist and the variation in the price elasticity of demand coefficients substantially explained the variation in the industry average beta coefficients. The first category includes the food at home, tobacco, and shoe industries. The second category includes the men's clothing, the women's clothing, and the alcoholic beverages industries, and the third includes the automobile, airline, and fast-food restaurant industries.

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Ikehara, Elizabeth Slack. « A Comparison of Socio-Political Attitudes of Older Urban Women : The 1910-1924 Cohorts ». PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1342.

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The central theme of this study is that because of the changing life styles and the macro-events which occurred after World War I these years were a watershed. The women born in the three five-year cohorts from 1910 through 1924 were at different stages of maturity and awareness as particular economic and political events occurred. The social and political climates were different for each of these cohorts of women. Therefore there would be discernible differences in attitudes and opinions among the cohorts. A literature review indicated three models for the formation of social attitudes and political opinions. The "Personality Types" is based on the premise that attitudes formed early in life remain fixed. The "Aging/Conservative" model considers that attitudes become increasingly conservative as the person ages. This study, however, was based on the "Historical Change" model. Beliefs and attitudes may change in response to personal experiences throughout the life course. Four research questions were developed. 1. How have macro-events affected the life experiences of women in these cohorts? 2. How have social pressures affected their experiencing of employment, matrimony, and motherhood? 3. How do the opinions of women in these three cohorts with regard to social and political issues differ and change? 4. Can differences of opinions among the women of the three cohorts be traced to dissimilarities in life experiences? Census data literature was researched to provide background documentation on technological and demographic changes in the United States during the 20th century. Questions for cohort comparisons were selected from the National Opinion Research Council Surveys of 1972 through 1989. These considered individual and family demographics, labor force participation, social attitudes, and political orientation. For the 2,814 respondents analysis was done by five-year cohorts to determine differences and by six-year periods to point out trends. Both ANOVA and Chi-square were used to verify statistical significance. Focus group sessions, with 41 participants, met at senior centers and housing units in the Portland metropolitan area. A questionnaire completed by each participant confirmed that the focus group demographics corresponded to those of the national sample. Individual life experience time lines provided material for opening the discussion. Other discussion topics were based on differences noted among the three cohorts in the NORC data analysis. These were in the areas of education, work experience, family life patterns, political orientation, and attitudes toward societal changes. A brief finding for each research question follows. 1. NORC data indicated that each successive cohort held increasingly liberal sociopolitical opinions, and that women of all three cohorts became less conservative over the years. The focus group participants related these changes to specific macro-events in their life experiences. 2. Focus group discussions disclosed that the 1910-1914 cohort realized later in life that societal pressure had limited their educational achievement. Women of the 1915-19 cohort came to understand that their acceptance of the homemaker role was somewhat based on societal expectations. The 1920-24 cohort were aware that discrimination in the work arena was based on societal norms of the time. 3. Analysis of both NORC data and opinions expressed in the focus groups indicated that each successive cohort was increasingly broadminded and tolerant. 4. The women participating in the focus groups exhibited an awareness of the differential effects of life experiences. They specified the effects of macro-events (chiefly the Great Depression), education, mobility, and workforce participation. This research has tentatively confirmed that a generational watershed occurred for women born before World War I and those born after. As the women of the 1910 through 1924 cohorts matured they experienced differing social and political climates. This resulted in cohort differences. Further investigation may reveal more precise cohort boundaries for the 1910 through 1924 years. It should be remembered also that cohort boundaries for men may not coincide with those of women.

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Vinje, Daniel Martin 1959. « The Effects of Deregulation on Rail Rates : A Study on Wheat, Barley, Corn, Oat, and Soybean ». Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29868.

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Although the original intent of this study was to do a pre-and post-deregulation assessment of rail rates per ton-mile, the results using post-deregulation data show a significant decrease in rail rates between 1981 and 2000. While accounting for changes in shipment characteristics, savings for wheat, barley, com, oat, and soybean shippers were 63.80%, 69.17%, 49.07%, 67.97%, and 59.36%, respectively. Rate savings over time for an average 1981 shipment were 45%, 55%, 38%, 45%, and 36% for wheat, barley, com, oat, and soybean shippers, respectively. Analysis regarding the effects of deregulation of rail rates on com, soybean, and wheat on a regional basis shows that rail rates not only differ across commodities, but also among regions. In general, it was found that grain producers within regions that had higher levels of intermodal competition had lower rates than their counterparts with lower levels of intermodal competition. Distribution of benefits as a result of market-based pricing has varied among regions, and these variances are increasing over time.

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Haycook, Margot. « Comparison of the price and volatility of current and alternative models for the acquisition of direct supply natural gas for the Department of Defense ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Jun%5FHaycook.pdf.

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Levin, Noah. « The Impact of Weather Forecasts on Day-Ahead Power Prices ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/210.

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1. Introduction Power industry deregulation and electricity market restructuring, which began in Chile in the 1980s and then spread to Norway, New Zealand and the UK, were introduced in the United States with the passage of the Energy Policy Act (EPA) of 1992 (Jameson, 1997). The EPA and subsequent Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Orders led to the restructuring of vertically integrated electric utilities, the establishment of Independent System Operators (ISO) and Regional Transmission Organizations (RTO) and the development of competitive wholesale power markets. Deregulation also led to the creation of various electricity contract–based financial derivative products. In 1996, the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) created the US’s first electricity futures, the Palo Verde and California/Oregon Border contracts, which were traded for physical delivery (Warwick, 2002). While these products were eventually delisted in 2002, other exchange-traded and OTC contracts, for both physical and financial settlement, have been introduced on numerous exchanges, including the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE), Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) and markets operated by ISOs and RTOs. From the start, deregulation of the electricity industry has been a contentious and controversial subject, its economic, political and social ramifications hotly debated in the US and abroad. The debate continues, and as of September 2010, fifteen states and the District of Columbia have deregulated electricity markets, seven have suspended restructuring activities and twenty-eight have no deregulatory legislation or restructuring activities to speak of (FERC, 2010).

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Bhagwat, Tanya A. « Relationship between Fortune 500 companies with regulatory violations and/or criminal offenses and resulting stock values ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12083/.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether publicly disclosed violations by U.S corporations, resulting in convictions or settlements, erode shareholder investment in the offending organizations. This study was designed to assess whether or not the shareholders' reactions to corporations' violations were related to a decline in organizations' stock valuations across sectors. In addition, this study attempted to assess whether or not shareholder support, expressed by stock prices, declined more after a corporation was prosecuted or reached a settlement for violations, as compared to corporations that disclosed earnings disappointments. Also, this study investigated the stock prices of violating corporations compared to the non-offending corporations from within the same business sector, as well as considered the percentage decline for repeat offenders for violation two compared to violation one. Opposite to hypothesis, results showed that stock prices for the violating companies were significantly greater 12 months after the violation compared to the other months and no significant differences in percent decline between the eight sectors on any of the five decline measures. There were also no differences between violating companies and their matched companies. Companies with a violation had significantly greater stock prices overall than those without a violation.

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Zhang, Feng. « Price Behavior of Paper and Paperboard Industry ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7266.

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This paper presents a model of the probability of price response to the previous periods inventory absolute and relative level for U.S. paper and paperboard industry. The initial part of the paper contains a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon. The proposed framework indicates that the inventory level plays an important leading role in the price adjustment. The model is then estimated with monthly data extending from 1980 to 1999. The LPM and Probit models are used to estimate the effect of absolute and relative inventory level on the probability of price variations. The estimated results are in agreement with the oligopolistic market condition of U.S. paper and paperboard industry, showing the price upward adjustment is sticker and rigid than the price downward adjustment while the output level is indifferent to the previous months inventory fluctuation.

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Kerschner, Stacie J. « Forecasting paper industry prices in the United States : the economic determinants of market pricing ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30527.

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Kuchciak, Christopher. « The behavior of prices under changing monetary regimes : The United States and Great Britain ». Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4464.

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This paper is an empirical investigation of the behaviour of prices in the United States (U.S.) and Great Britain (U.K.) over the last two and a half centuries. The objective is to determine if price stability was attained during the classical gold standard regime, Bretton Woods system and a flexible exchange rate regime using unit root testing procedures. This paper explores some of the theory and techniques involved in unit root testing. These tests are then utilized to determine if the price level was stationary during and after the gold standard period.

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Kuchciak, Christopher. « The behaviour of prices under changing monetary regimes, the United States and Great Britain ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq21996.pdf.

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Fischer, Manfred M., Florian Huber, Michael Pfarrhofer et Petra Staufer-Steinnocher. « The Dynamic Impact of Monetary Policy on Regional Housing Prices in the United States ». Wiley, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.12274.

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This paper uses a factor-augmented vector autoregressive model to examine the impact of monetary policy shocks on housing prices. To simultaneously estimate the model parameters and unobserved factors we rely on Bayesian estimation and inference. Policy shocks are identified using high-frequency surprises around policy announcements as an external instrument. Impulse response functions reveal differences in regional housing price responses, which in some cases are substantial. The heterogeneity in policy responses is found to be significantly related to local regulatory environments and housing supply elasticities. Moreover, housing prices responses tend to be similar within states and adjacent regions in neighboring states.

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Buder, Iris Alexandra Gabriela Jackson John D. « Prescription drug prices and the United States' health care market, a cross-sectional analysis ». Auburn, Ala., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1955.

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Fischer, Manfred M., Florian Huber, Michael Pfarrhofer et Petra Staufer-Steinnocher. « The dynamic impact of monetary policy on regional housing prices in the United States ». WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6658/1/2018%2D11%2D16_housing_favar_(002).pdf.

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This paper uses a factor-augmented vector autoregressive model to examine the impact of monetary policy shocks on housing prices across metropolitan and micropolitan regions. To simultaneously estimate the model parameters and unobserved factors we rely on Bayesian estimation and inference. Policy shocks are identified using high-frequency suprises around policy announcements as an external instrument. Impulse reponse functions reveal differences in regional housing price responses, which in some cases are substantial. The heterogeneity in policy responses is found to be significantly related to local regulatory environments and housing supply elasticities. Moreover, housing prices responses tend to be similar within states and adjacent regions in neighboring states.
Series: Working Papers in Regional Science

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Monteiro, Nathalia Ferreira. « UNDERSTANDING THE LINK BETWEEN ETHANOL PRODUCTION AND FOOD PRICES ». OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/73.

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Food prices have increased rapidly in recent years, and so has ethanol consumption. Some studies have claimed that there is a connection between those two. Net exporters of food tend to benefit from higher prices, while regions that are net importers of food, tend to be adversely affected. The large amount of poor countries in the second group justifies an investigation of the causes of increasing food prices. This thesis aims to contribute to the discussion, analyzing, theoretically and empirically, the impact that the diversion of feedstock from food to ethanol production has on food prices. The interaction between food prices and ethanol is first examined in a two-good (food and ethanol), one input (land) theoretical model. The outcome of this model is that an increase in ethanol productivity will have a positive impact on food prices, which is confirmed in the empirical test. We also found that increases in area allocated to produce sugarcane based ethanol in Brazil had depressing effects on relative food prices. No significant conclusion could be found on the effect of the area allocated to produce corn based ethanol in the United States.

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Mobula, Meta Lidoga. « The impacts of United States agricultural policies on the world price of corn ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184724.

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The US government has been actively involved in the production and trade of agricultural products in the world market. Corn as an agricultural product has not been spared. The minimum price for corn has been set above the domestic and world market prices. Such pricing policies have naturally generated surpluses that have been traded in the world market at subsidized prices. At times, the US has used acreage control policy to help reduce the level of excess supply. Price and income subsidies also have been used to complement acreage control policy when surpluses are immense. The empirical results have shown that these interventions have impacted on the world price of corn and subsequently on the foreign exchange earnings of the competing exporting countries. However, the issue of how significant these instabilities have been still remains and is more of a normative issue. The measure of the opportunity costs of these policies has provided an idea of the size of compensation to the competing countries of Argentina and Thailand. The last part of the dissertation investigates on the possible effects of the US policies on the behavior of Argentina and Thailand. The results obtained cannot confirm nor reject the premisses of US policies' harmful impacts. Such inconclusive outcome may be tied back to the inconsistency of the trading policy setting in Argentina and Thailand. Based on economic theory, suggestions have been made regarding the establishment of international stabilization and compensatory schemes to help move the world corn economy toward a Pareto optimal production level.

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Markwith, James Q. « Did the Founding of the United States Federal Reserve Impact the Financial Markets of the United Kingdom ? » Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1353.

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This paper examines U.K financial metric data to determine whether or not the founding of the Federal Reserve had real economic effects on the U.K financial markets. To measure for real effects I use a composite stock price index collected from a variety of industries. I develop the theory using empirical conclusions from past studies on the Federal Reserve and its impact on U.S financial markets to direct my examination of the U.K markets. Although the U.K data shows that the founding of the Federal Reserve influenced short-term interest rates, the analysis does not find real effects on U.K stock prices and long-term interest rates.

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Cosco, Joseph Peter. « Eying Italians : Race, romance, and reality in American perception, 1880--1910 ». W&M ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623965.

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This dissertation explores how American representations of Italians and Italian Americans engaged, reflected and helped shape the United States' developing concepts of immigration, ethnicity, race, and national identity from 1880 to 1910, when masses of Italian and other "new immigrants" rigorously tested the country's attitudes and powers of assimilation. In a larger sense, the research examines how the process of constructing the modern Italian/Italian American was part of the process of America constructing for itself a modern national identity for a new century.;The dissertation looks at a variety of "texts," including journalism, travel literature, autobiography, fiction, and photographs and illustrations of the period, but concentrates on a handful of American writers and their works. Chapter 1 compares the reportage and photography of the immigrant journalist Jacob A. Riis with the reporting of the "new" immigrant journalist Edward A. Steiner. Chapter 2 examines Henry James's The American Scene in the context of his other writings on Italy and Italians, including travel essays, short stories, and The Golden Bowl . Chapter 3 focuses on Mark Twain's The Innocents Abroad and I. Also part of the discussion are two works by William Dean Howells, Venetian Life and A Hazard of New Fortunes .;The research showed that these writers alternately supported and subverted America's often conflicting and confused attitudes and ideas about Italy and Italians, a tangle of discourses related to the romance of artistic, heroic, picturesque Italy and the reality of the Italian "Other" arriving in the form of masses of immigrants on American shores.

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Mirfacihi, Azar. « Oil Prices and Terms of Trade : A comparison between Saudi Arabia and the United States ». Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-589.

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One of the central issues in international macroeconomics is relative price movements and their sources. One such price is the price of crude oil. An increase in oil price leads to a transfer of income from importing to exporting countries through a shift in terms of trade. The general mechanism by which oil prices affect the economic performance is well under-stood. However, the dynamics of these effects – especially the adjustment to the terms of trade – are uncertain.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of an increase in oil price on the terms of trade during the time period 1970 to 2004. The relationship between oil price and world business cycle as well as the relationship between oil price, GWP and Saudi Arabia’s export is also examined in this paper.

The regression results show that an increase in oil price has a negative impact on terms of trade for the net importing country. Whether an increase in oil price has a positive or no effect at all on terms of trade for the net exporting country cannot be told form the regres-sion results.

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Trygubenko, Volodymyr Oleksiyovych. « Effect of oil prices and other determinants on the United States dollar effective exchange rate ». Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1430298.

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Thesis (M.A. in Economics)--S.M.U.
Title from PDF title page (viewed July 17, 2007). Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 44-03, page: 1190. Adviser: Thomas Osang. Includes bibliographical references.

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Wiltsee, Jim. « Do commodity prices and food production affect the volume of United States foreign food aid ? » Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/3651.

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Margo, Robert A. « Disenfranchisement, school finance, and the economics of segregated schools in the United States South, 1890-1910 ». New York : Garland, 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/11785265.html.

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陳德廉 et Tak-lim Chan. « Contractual specification of quality measurement with special application to the United States domestic raw sugar futures ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31234677.

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Arthun, Cole Derril. « The changing structure of the determinants of cattle prices in the United States : an empirical study ». Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/arthun/ArthunC1209.pdf.

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This study utilizes a new quarterly data set for the United States cattle markets spanning from 1971-2008 to estimate dynamic price models in three vertically related cattle markets: the models for boxed beef cutouts, slaughter cattle, and feeder cattle. Structural tests are then utilized to test whether the occurrence of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in 2003 and the introduction and widespread use of the Atkins diet between 1991 and 2005 lead to structural changes in the determinants of prices in each of the three markets. The results suggest BSE did not cause structural change within any market level, and BSE and Atkins diet events caused structural change within the boxed beef cutout values level. An important contribution of this study is the examination of structural change, suggesting that the market events lead to little or no structural change within the market levels.

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Arthun, Cole Derril. « The changing structure of the determinants of cattle prices in the United States : an emperical study ». Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/arthun/ArthunC0809.cole.pdf.

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This study utilizes a new quarterly data set for the United States cattle markets spanning from 1971-2008 to estimate dynamic price models in three vertically related cattle markets: the models for boxed beef cutouts, slaughter cattle, and feeder cattle. Structural tests are then utilized to test whether the occurrence of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in 2003 and the introduction and widespread use of the Atkins diet between 1991 and 2005 lead to structural changes in the determinants of prices in each of the three markets. The results suggest BSE did not cause structural change within any market level, and BSE and Atkins diet events caused structural change within the boxed beef cutout values level. An important contribution of this study is the examination of structural change, suggesting that the market events lead to little or no structural change within the market levels.

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Thompson, Mary E. « The furrowed face : the depiction of the elderly in painting, England and the United States, 1870-1910 ». Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2017. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/9c6b3ee4-80f0-44dc-a0a4-70399c36f001/1/.

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Old age has always evoked diametrically opposed opinions. On the one hand, the elderly are respected, regarded as benevolent repositories of wisdom and comfort; on the other, they are considered as decrepit vestiges of life, who pointlessly linger on, wasting the world for the vibrant and useful. These views were particularly topical in the last decades of the nineteenth/first decade of the twentieth centuries, when there was increasing concern in many countries about the aged and their vulnerability. In England and Wales this resulted in the 1908 provision by the government of an old age pension. In the United States, however, provision of support from the state was introduced significantly later, in the 1930s. How, if at all, was this variation in view reflected in the painting of the elderly in the two countries? This study addresses this question by firstly considering how the elderly are portrayed in genre painting in each country. It then moves on to the world of portraits, looking in more detail at the work of individual artists, both American and English, including Thomas Eakins, John Singer Sargent and Hubert Herkomer. In England it emerged that the elderly were often shown as happy if shabby, with a more submissive attitude to fate; there was also a significant segment of painting which recorded the poverty and difficulties which may face the old. In contrast, in the United States the elderly were shown as vibrant, assertive and materially better off, with few indications of the troubles they may undergo. In both countries, however, it became clear that the elderly were regarded in a positive way by artists, who delighted in the excellent practice of artistic skills provided by the time-ravaged faces and features of the old.

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Bennett, Shannon Smith. « "Dangerous exultations" cultural boundaries, the public sphere, and riots following the Johnson-Jeffries prizefight of 1910 / ». abstract and full text PDF (free order & ; download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433279.

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Dupuis, Serge. « L'émergence de la Floride canadienne-française L'exemple de la communauté de Palm Beach, 1910-2010 ». Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28278.

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The importance of Canadian and French Canadian demography in Florida, as well as the annual number of tourists that reaches two million in 1990, requires that researchers take a look at the significance of migrations to and, in many cases, settlement in Florida. This study explores the first days of Canadian visits to Florida in the early 20th century, the settlement of a mass of immigrants during the 1930s, and after the Second World War, through the case of Palm Beach County. This thesis describes the formation of an ethnic community, and the changes brought about by the arrival of many snowbirds during the 1970s, which strengthen its links with French Canadian society. The constant mobility between Canada and Florida, as well as the settlement of French Canadians in two communities, make Florida quite a particular francophonie that enlightens us on the very nature of French Canada.

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Glazyrina, Anna. « Contribution of Public Investments and Innovations to Total Factor Productivity ». Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29848.

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This study examines the importance of public research and development (R&D) expenditures and innovations (prices) to U S agricultural productivity employing panel vector error correction econometric technique Specifically, time-series and panel unit root tests, panel cointegration procedures, panel causality tests, and vector error correction model are used in the analysis. Empirical application to U S state-level data for 1960-2004 suggests positive and statistically significant influence of both supply-side drivers, in the form of public R&D expenditures, and demand-side drivers, in the form of innovations (prices), on total factor productivity growth.

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Smith, Rupert James Buchanan. « The influence and effect of German expressionist drama on theatrical practice in Britain and the United States, 1910-1940 ». Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1987. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/029505a4-509f-4f19-a34f-48048816d96b/1/.

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The thesis will consider the impact of German expressionist theatre in Britain and America in the period 1910 to 1940, concentrating on developments in writing, design, criticism and theatrical organisation. An introductory chapter will provide a resume of the major trends in European and American theatre in the period, leading to an examination of the detailed aspects of German Expressionism to be pursued in the following chapters. This will be followed by the two major sections of the thesis, dealing with the British and American theatrical scene respectively. The former will concentrate on the growth of the provincial theatre and its response to Expressionism, and on examples of the specialised interest in the style in some British theatres. The latter will concentrate on the genesis of the American literary theatre in groups such as the Washington Square Players, the Provincetown Players and the Theatre Guild, and will also concentrate on the extent to which an expressionist influence in stage design ran alongside the absorption of literary techniques. This will be followed by a consideration of the influence of Expressionism in the sphere of political theatre, through an examination mainly of the work of two groups, the American New Playwrights Theatre and the British Group Theatre. Generally the thesis will present an analysis of primary sources from the period, and will largely limit itself to a consideration of the effects of Expressionism within the stated countries and period, rather than extending to a consideration of developments after the Second World War or outside Britain and America.

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Choi, In Suk. « Intra-Industry Effects of the Ten Largest United States Bank Failures : Evidence from the Capital Markets ». Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330923/.

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This study examines the differential effect of each of the ten largest bank failures on shareholders' wealth of non-failed banks over the period from 1973 through 1984. It examines how contagion and information effects of major bank failures have changed over time. FDIC policy for settling failures has important implications for system stability, and has changed over time. This study's purpose is to provide empirical evidence on the effects of FDIC policy. The FDIC's handling of the Penn Square failure signaled a policy shift and offers a unique opportunity to examine changes in market reactions to large bank failures. The literature on the capital market effects of major bank failures provides limited evidence on the impact of bank failures and related FDIC policy. Most fail to discriminate between contagion and information effects, and conduct analysis on one (or a few) bank failure(s) in the mid-1970s using traditional event study methodology. This study considers multivariate regression (MVRM) an appropriate methodology for bank failures which are likely to have simultaneous impact on non-failed banks. MVRM, which accounts for contemporaneous cross-sectional dependence of residuals, has three advantages over standard residual analysis: no "event clustering" problem, multiple hypotheses tests, and computational efficiency. This study uses daily stock-return data for fifty-one non-failed commercial banks. For each bank failure, the non-failed banksare grouped into three portfolios: "information-related," "large," and "small." The impact on each portfolio is tested for an average effect and joint hypotheses on excess return. This study offers evidence on no contagion effects and lack of information effects before Penn Square, strong information effects since Penn Square, contagion effects in post-Penn Square failures, and capital market discipline on large banks since Penn Square. There has been a change in the nature of the impact of bank failures since Penn Square.

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Wheatley, Clark M. « Market capitalization and earnings persistence : the earnings response coefficients of tax generated earnings changes / ». Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-171229/.

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Griffith, Sarah Marie. « The Courts and the Making of a Chinese Immigrant Community in Portland, Oregon, 1850-1910 ». PDXScholar, 2003. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/76.

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This thesis studies the development of the Portland, Oregon Chinese immigrant community between 1850 and 1910. Chinese immigrants first arrived in Portland in the mid-1850s and quickly created businesses as well as social institutions they transplanted from China to the U.S. West. They also established intricate relationships among themselves and with members of the surrounding white community. County and state court records held at the Multnomah County Courthouse and National Archives in Seattle, Washington, reveal much about the Chinese immigrant community in Portland and provide a window into a society that left few written records. Through the analysis of hundreds of court cases held at the Multnomah County Courthouse in Portland, this thesis reconstructs four broad aspects of Portland's Chinese immigrant community. The first chapter discusses the arrival and establishment of Chinese immigrants in Portland. The second chapter discusses Chinese experience with white missionaries in the courts as both groups battled for custody rights to Chinese women and children. The third chapter looks at the case of United States v. John Wilson, which revealed how Chinese and whites had collaborated to establish one of the largest and most successful immigrant and opium smuggling rings on the West Coast. With the aim of profiting from Chinese exclusion, the white and Chinese operators of this ring bridged racial barriers that had, for decades, divided the two groups. In chapter four, finally, the thesis examines social conflict within the late nineteenth century Portland Chinese community. This chapter describes how internal conflicts in Portland Chinatown, stemming from traditional social associations transplanted from China, played as strong a role in shaping the Chinese community in Portland as did exclusion laws determined to end the entry of Chinese to the United States.

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Maxwell, Melinda Ann. « The effects of competition on defense contractor pricing behavior ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44080.

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This study investigates the effects of competition on the pricing behavior of defense contractors. Prior research in this area has indicated a potential for significant price reductions associated with competition. Pricing data for five dual source subsystems of the AIM-9M Sidewinder missile were examined. Key findings of the study include: â ¢ The introduction of a second source led to increased price reductions by the first source; â ¢ The first source exhibited a greater price sensitivity to lot quantity changes than the second source: â ¢ The second source was immediately price competitive with the first source; and, â ¢ Each subsystem showed evidence of gaming.
Master of Arts

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Jacyk, Christopher Michael. « The effects of oil price shocks on consumer prices and industrial production in the United States, Canada and Mexico ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ31293.pdf.

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AlShammasi, Naji Mohammad. « The Limits of Arbitrage and Stock Mispricing : Evidence from Decomposing the Market to Book Ratio ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc848132/.

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the "limits of arbitrage" on securities mispricing. Specifically, I investigate the effect of the availability of substitutes and financial constraints on stock mispricing. In addition, this study investigates the difference in the limits of arbitrage, in the sense that it will lead to lower mispricing for these stocks, relative to non-S&P 500 stocks. I also examine if the lower mispricing can be attributed to their lower limits of arbitrage. Modern finance theory and efficient market hypothesis suggest that security prices, at equilibrium, should reflect their fundamental value. If the market price deviates from the intrinsic value, then a risk-free profit opportunity has emerged and arbitrageurs will eliminate mispricing and equilibrium is restored. This arbitrage process is characterized by large number of arbitrageurs which have infinite access to capital. However, a better description of reality is that there are few numbers of arbitrageurs to the extent that they are highly specialized; and they have limited access to capital. Under these condition arbitrage is no more a risk-free activity and can be limited by several factors such as arbitrage risk and transaction costs. Other factors that are discussed in the literature are availability of substitutes and financial constraints. The former arises as a result of the specialization of arbitrageurs in the market in which they operate, while the latter arises as a result of the separation between arbitrageurs and capital. In this dissertation, I develop a measure of the availability of substitutes that is based on the propensity scores obtained from propensity score matching technique. In addition, I use the absolute value of skewness of returns as a proxy of financial constraints. Previous studies used the limits of arbitrage framework to explain pricing puzzles such as the closed-end fund discounts. However, closed-end fund discounts are highly affected by uncertainty of managerial ability and agency problems. This study overcomes this problem by studying the effect of limits of arbitrage on publicly traded securities. The results show that there is a significant relationship between proxies of limits of arbitrage and firm specific mispricing. More importantly, empirical results indicate that stocks that have no close substitutes have higher mispricing. In addition, stocks that have high skewness show higher mispricing. Subsequent studies show that the S&P 500 stocks have different levels of liquidity, analysts’ coverage and volatility. These characteristics affect the ability of arbitrageurs to eliminate mispricing. Preliminary univariate tests show that S&P 500 stocks have, on average, lower mispricing and limits of arbitrage relative to non-S&P 500 stocks. In addition, the multivariate test shows that S&P 500 members have, on average, lower mispricing relative to non-S&P 500 stocks.

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Lee, Jin W. « The cost of the voluntary export restraint of Japanese automobile exports to the United States ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45776.

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At the request of the United States Government, effective as of April 1, 1981, the Japanese began voluntarily restraining exports of automobiles to the United States to provide the U.S. automobiles industry with a period of time to make the necessary adjustment to become more competitive with imports.

It is the purpose of this paper to examine the impact of the VER, particularly the costs to consumers and the benefits to U.S. producers, quota rents captured by the Japanese producer during 1981-84 will also be examined.

Between 1981 and 1984 the Voluntary Export Restraint Agreement cost the U.S. economy $8.4 billion. In terms of increases in the cost of purchasing a car, the estimate ranges between $95 in 1981 to as high as $241 in 1984. E During the four years of the VER, the consumer costs : amounted to $8.9 billion. Meanwhile, the U.S. producers of automobile benefited only $403 million as a result of the VER. If this benefit is translated to the number of jobs saved, it amounts to 29,000 jobs. Therefore, the consumer cost of creating each new job was $334,000.

As for the impact of VER on the Japanese producers, the result shows that the price effects of the VER has increased over the four years as the restrictive effect of the VER has intensified. During 1981, the VER added $733 to the price of each Japanese automobile, but by 1984, it was adding about $2,000.

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Rinfret, Hugues. « Tariffication in the dairy industry : a spatial equilibrium approach to analyze geographic price relationships between Canada and United States ». Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=67540.

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The impacts of tariffication on Canadian milk producers were estimated via supply, price and trade flow parameters using a spatial price equilibrium model applied to milk production regions of Canada and the United States.
Two price scenarios were put forward because of supply management in Canada. The first incorporated producer prices while the second used shadow prices for Canadian producers, defined as the producer price less a reduction in price which accounts for the value of production quota. The hypothesis that tariffication reduces milk production in Canada to the extent that U.S. producers increase their exports to Canada was partly supported in scenario one but not in scenario two. Specific tariffs of $11.00/hl prevented U.S. imports to reach Qu 'ebec and Ontario. However, the rest of Canada increased its imports from Great Lakes to the detriment of Quebec and Ontario. Consequently, production decreased slightly in Qu 'ebec and increased in Ontario, whereas prices decreased significantly in both provinces. Scenario two showed ability of Qu 'ebec and Ontario to withstand American competition. Prices and production level remained unchanged while export flows to the rest of Canada increased to the detriment of the Great Lakes.
The present study investigated only a specific aspect of the tariffication proposal in the GATT and does not intend not to reflect the very complex aspects of GATT negotiations. The findings of this analysis must be interpreted with this caveat. Further studies considering other plausible tariffication scenarios or effective tariffs on an individual dairy product basis would broaden our understanding of the potential implications of tariffication.

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Copeland, Alan F. Mazza Dorinda M. « Defense Travel System (DTS) airline ticket price analysis : do DTS ticket prices differ from other online tickets available for Naval Postgraduate School travelers ? / ». Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FCopeland%5FMBA.pdf.

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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007."
Advisor(s): Brook, Douglas A. ; Hensel, Nayantara D. "December 2007." "MBA professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on January 10, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-49). Also available in print.

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Hughes, Llewelyn (Llewelyn P. ). « The limits of liberalism ? : long-run petroleum prices and government intervention in petroleum markets in Japan, France, and the United States ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54601.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2009.
"June 2009." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 355-367).
This study considers cross-national and inter-temporal variation in national oil policies in Japan, France, and the United States. A test was performed of the extent to which policies in these countries continue to emphasize national control over the petroleum supply chain, or have adopted more liberal forms of market governance. It was found that national petroleum policies converged on liberal outcomes in the 1980s and 1990s. In each country regulatory, trade and other policy instruments were restructured to give the forces of supply and demand an increasingly important role in trade in crude oil and petroleum products. It was also found that convergence on liberal outcomes was partially reversed in some countries, but not others. This was explained through the interests and policy preferences of state actors with responsibility for setting oil policy, and domestic oil firms. In two of the cases - the United States and Japan - policies promoting national control remained in the interests of state actors and firms, meaning these policies were restructured but not discarded in response to changes in the structure of the petroleum market. In the case of France, policies supporting national control were jettisoned as national firms became increasingly internationally competitive and disinterested in obtaining state support. It was argued that the findings are significant for our understanding of liberal convergence in the advanced industrial states. Alternative explanations of this phenomenon explain outcomes by arguing either that domestic actors have little capacity to shape policy outcomes, or by assuming the policy preferences of domestic actors uniformly match liberal policy outcomes.
(cont.) The findings presented here suggest: 1) the policy preferences of domestic actors remain important; 2) the policy preferences of domestic actors need not uniformly match liberal policy outcomes when inimical to interests. This suggests that identifying whether changes in international markets or other processes will lead to a convergence on liberal policy outcomes, or whether this process is likely to be reversed, requires us to identify the effects of shifts in international markets or other kinds of changes on the underlying interests and policy preferences of multiple domestic political actors.
by Llewelyn Hughes.
Ph.D.

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