Thèses sur le sujet « Pressione centrale »
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GRILLO, ANDREA. « Non-invasive evaluation of myocardial supply-demand balance from the analysis of pulse waveform : from validation to clinical application ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241149.
Texte intégralThe evaluation of the balance between oxygen supply and demand in the myocardium is useful for predicting and diagnosing myocardial ischemia and type-2 myocardial infarction, conditions that represent a growing part of the health burden of cardiovascular disease, and whose incidence is rapidly increasing due to an ageing population. In its original assessment by invasive registrations, this balance is calculated as the ratio between the oxygen supply, defined as the area between the aortic and left ventricular pressures during diastole (diastolic pressure-time index), and the oxygen consumption, defined as the area under the pressure curve during systole (systolic pressure-time index). This ratio is called SEVR (Subendocardial Viability Ratio) and may also be calculated from the analysis of the non-invasively determined central pressure wave obtained by carotid arterial tonometry, by dividing areas between the diastolic and systolic pressure curves. The conventional non-invasive assessment of SEVR by arterial tonometry is affected by some methodological limitations, that are the exclusion from the calculation of isovolumetric systolic time in the systolic pressure-time index and the exclusion of left ventricular diastolic pressure from diastolic pressure-time index. Moreover, the calibration of central pressure wave derived from carotid tonometry can be affected by the way of calculating mean arterial pressure from brachial cuff blood pressure, which is necessary for scaling the central waveform. This thesis presents a series of studies conducted to overcome the limitations mentioned above, in order to elaborate a corrected form of the SEVR and to validate it against its invasive counterpart and as a clinical predictor. A methodology to reliably calculate the systolic-time intervals (isovolumetric ejection time and pre-ejection period) from ECG-gated arterial tonometry performed at the carotid and femoral levels, is presented and applied in subjects with or without cardiovascular disease. The issue of calculation of mean arterial pressure from brachial cuff blood pressure was then addressed, as a considerable interindividual and intraindividual variability in brachial pressure form-factor was evidenced in general population of different ages and in hypertensive patients. The best approach for calibration of non-invasive central blood pressure waveform resides in the integration of pressure waveforms, or, when not applicable, in the use of an appropriate algorithm for calculation of brachial form factor. A good correlation of the invasively determined SEVR, in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization, was then demonstrated with the new non-invasive SEVR calculated by arterial tonometry and corrected by considering systolic time intervals and the left ventricular diastolic pressure. An equation for the estimation of left ventricular diastolic pressure was derived from non-invasive parameters of arterial tonometry and the invasive data. The new SEVR was finally applied in the PARTAGE cohort, a large population study of individuals 80 years of age and older living in nursing homes. SEVR was found to be an independent predictor of total mortality in the elderly subjects. A threshold value for SEVR of 100 may be considered in this population. In summary, a new formulation of an index (SEVR) for the evaluation of myocardial supply-demand balance from non-invasive arterial tonometry was created and clinically validated.
GUIGLIO, ACHACHE CLAIRE. « Etude mathematique de la duree de variation de concentration d'un produit cardio-vaso-actif perfuse sur un catheter central, lors d'une manoeuvre faisant varier le debit de perfusion : alterations hemodynamiques chez les malades a risque ». Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M050.
Texte intégralHoÿm, de Marien Luc de. « Évolution pression-température-temps des unités varisques de haute-pression de l'est du Massif Central : implications géodynamiques ». Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1B056.
Texte intégralThe Variscan belt in France is interpreted as a collisional orogen where crustal thickening and subsequent thermal relaxation account for most of the metamorphic and structural record. Detailed analysis of the relationships between metamorphism and deformation of ortho-gneisses, as well as petrologically constrained geochronology of mafic eclogites reveal : (i) an early high-temperature metamorphism demonstrated by partial melting of the eclogites close the peak P–T conditions at ~363 Ma; (ii) subsequent fast decompression followed by cooling dated at ~353 Ma; (iii) the retrograde metamorphic character of the deformation of most orthogneisses. The metamorphic and structural record are inferred to result from a switch of the dynamics of the subduction zone at the onset of subduction of small continental ribbons rather than from continental collision after the initial oceanic subduction
LAZARTIGUES, ERIC. « Controle central et regulation de la pression sanguine arterielle par les systemes cholinergiques centraux. Approche pharmacologique ». Toulouse 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU30135.
Texte intégralLEPAUMIER, FABIENNE. « Regulation centrale de la pression arterielle et ligands endogenes apparentes a l'imidazoline ». Strasbourg 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR15054.
Texte intégralLotout, Caroline. « Âge, durée et enregistrement du métamorphisme de haute pression dans le massif Central ». Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S128/document.
Texte intégralSubduction is one of the key stages of the mountain building processes. It leads to the development of high-pressure (HP) metamorphism in the rocks that typically equilibrate in the blueschist or eclogite-facies conditions. Dating the HP metamorphism and estimating its intensity is therefore a major challenge when reconstructing geodynamics through time. Through a petrological and geochronological study, this PhD dissertation aims to better constrain conditions, durations and timings of HP metamorphism in the southern French Massif Central (European Variscan Belt). The massifs of Najac, Montagne Noire and Lévézou were investigated by a multi-method geochronological approach (zircon, rutile and apatite U-Pb dating, garnet Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd dating, biotite and muscovite 40Ar-39Ar dating) associated with a petrological analysis including numerical modelling of phase equilibria (Theriak-Domino and THERMOCALC). The Najac eclogites reached 560-630 °C at 15-20 kbar and the prograde part of the highpressure metamorphic event lasted for ~ 7 Myr starting at ~ 383 and peaking at ~ 376 Ma. Eclogites hosted in sillimanite-bearing migmatites in the Montagne Noire dome (French Massif Central) reached c. 750°C, 21 kbar before significant decompression at high temperatures. However, none of the obtained geochronological dates could be associated with the HP event. The study of the Najac massif and the Montagne Noire Dome highlight potential decoupling between the REE and the U-Pb isotopic systems. The emplacement of the protoliths of felsic and mafic HP rocks in the Lévézou Massif was estimated at ca. 470 Ma. HP metamorphism peaked at 21-23 kbar and 680-800°C at ~358 Ma. The subsequent fast exhumation reached 8-9.5 kbar and ~600°C at ~352 Ma, highlighting a very fast exhumation followed by a cooling rate of 50°C/Ma. Granites from the Lévézou massif display kyanite-garnet-muscovite-quartz pseudomorphs after cordierite that equilibrated at ca. 15-17 kbar and ~670°C. The major deformation in these granites is associated with the exhumation stage, locally accompanied by partial melting, and seems to occur in different episodes, from ~352 Ma to ~340 Ma. On a larger scale, these results are fully in line with the HP ages described in the Variscan Belt and allow to reconsider the tectonics in the French Massif Central
Sepeteanu, Desormais Ileana. « Artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs en Afrique Centrale : Epidémiologie, facteurs de risque, marqueur pronostique ». Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0070/document.
Texte intégralWith the aging of the global population, the prevalence of non-communicable, including cardiovascular, diseases is increasing. While epidemiological studies on peripheral artery disease (PAD) have been mainly conducted in high-income countries, a few have been carried out in low-and middle-income countries, including in Africa. EPIDEMCA (Epidemiology of Dementia in Central Africa) is a cross-sectional population-based study in rural and urban areas of two countries of Central Africa: Central African Republic (CAR) and the Republic of Congo (ROC). Overall, its aim was to investigate the health status in aging population in Central Africa, with a special focus on cognitive disorders, PAD (Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) ≤0.90). and cardiovascular risk factors as well as their inter-relationship. The EPIDEMCA program was carried out, among people aged 65 years and over, between 2011 and 2012. Among 2002 subjects who agreed to participate, reliable demographic and vascular data were available in 1871 subjects.Overall, the prevalence of PAD was 14.8% reachting 22.2% after the age of 80. The prevalence was higher in ROC than in CAR (17.4% vs. 12.2%, p=0.0071) and in females than males (16.6% vs. 11.9%, p=0.0122). Higher rates of PAD were found in urban area in ROC (20.7% vs. 14.4% in rural area, p=0.0114), not in CAR (11.5% vs. 12.9%, p=ns). In the multivariate analysis, PAD significantly associated factors were described: age (OR: 1.03; p=0.0039), dyslipidemia (OR: 1.88; p=0.0034), smoking (OR: 1.78; p=0.0026), and more specifically undernutrition (OR: 2.09, p=0.0009). Undernutrition was still significantly associated with PAD after adjustment to all potential confounding factors in males as well as in females (OR: 2.82, p= 0.0038 respectively OR: 1.75, p= 0.0492). As epidemiological research on the implication of atherosclerosis in the development of cognitive impairment in general population is lacking in Africa, we focused on the role of ABI as an available marker of atherosclerosis, providing independent and incremental information on subjects’ susceptibility to present cognitive disorders.The prevalence of cognitive impairment among the study participants was 13.6%, higher in subjects with ABI≤0.9 and ABI≥1.4 than those with 0.9
Champéroux, Pascal. « Dihydropyridines et systeme nerveux central : participation au controle central de la pression arterielle chez le rat spontanement hypertendu ». Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066092.
Texte intégralRalaikoa, Albert. « Pression fiscale et appauvrissement chronique sur les hautes terres centrales malgaches (1896-1945) ». Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070139.
Texte intégralThis work seeks to measure the degree of impoverishment of the tax-payers during the colonial period in madagascar, between 1896 and 1945, in a mostly rural society of rice growers. The proces of impoverishment is not quite new. It started during the royal period preceding the conquest. But the difference lies in the context of colonial oppression and in the creation of personal tax as main way of taxation. The financial resources of tax-payers are limited, just as they were during the royal period. The fiscal burden and particularly the personal tax develops much more quickly than prices and wages. But fiscal pressure is much higher in betsileo than in imerina, and higher in tananarive than in rural districts. Between 1896 and 1945, there is no abatement of the pressure. It is at its heighest under gallieni and his two succesors as well as under olivier. Because of its burden, the personal tax gives rises a series of reactions, from the falsification of personal papers to the stealing of oxen, a process which has deeply unsettling effects on the whole of society and consequently on the levying of taxes itself
Ralaikoa, Albert. « Pression fiscale et appauvrissement chronique sur les Hautes Terres centrales malgaches, 1896-1945 ». Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600593k.
Texte intégralMiguet, Daniel. « Etude randomisée de la surveillance hémodynamique par Swan Ganz versus PVC au cours de la chirurgie de l'aorte abdominale ». Saint-Etienne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STET6019.
Texte intégralXu, Binbin. « L'identité de Pleijel hyperbolique, la métrique de pression et l'extension centrale du groupe modulaire via quantification de Chekhov-Fock ». Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM068/document.
Texte intégralThis thesis consists of three parts corresponding to the three subjects that I have studied during the last three years.The first part contains the study of the chord length distribution associated to a compact (or non-compact) domain in the hyperbolic plane. We prove the hyperbolic Pleijel identity. By using this identity, we find new approaches to the Crofton's formula and the isoperimetric inequality, and then compute the chord length distribution associated to an ideal triangle and that associated to an ideal quadrilateral. Then we prove the analogue results for the simply connected Riemannian surface with constant curvature.The second part of this thesis (Chapter 5) consists of the study of the pressuremetric on the Teichmüller space of one-holed torus. By studying the degeneration of the torus when the boundary length goes to infinity, we find the relation of this metric to the pressure metric on the moduli space of metric graphs. Then we study the entropy function and prove that it is not constant on the symplectic leaf of the Teichmüller space of a bordered surface.Finally, the third part concerns the quantization of the Teichmüller space of a punctured surface. In this chapter, we study the central extension of the mapping class group coming from the quantization and compute its cohomology class which is 12 times the Meyer class plus the Euler classes associated to punctures
Palma, Rigo Kesia. « Implication du récepteur AT1 central dans la régulation de la pression artérielle de la souris ». Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05P606.
Texte intégralThe central regulation of arterial pressure (AP) involves activation of angiotensin II receptors type 1 (AT1R) in specific brain area of the hypothalamus and brainstem. The thesis studies involve modulation of brain AT1R using genetic and hypertensive mice combined with a telemetry system to record AP. The mouse model expressing a gain of function of the AT1R subtype A (AT1AMUT) showed high AP and reduced cardiac baroreflex sensitivity, but a normal circadian cardiovascular rhythm. The role of AT1R in the AP level of the genetic hypertensive mouse (BPH/2J) was examined and found to be similar to normotensive mice. However, in BPH/2J mice AT1R are important for the cardiac baroreflex and pressor responses to stress. These findings led to a targeted analyse of this receptor in the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) which is known for its role in baroreflex control. In the mice lacking the gene coding the AT1R, the expression of its subtype A, obtained by viral transgenesis in the CVLM, reduced the pressor response to an emotional stress and reduced the baroreflex sensitivity during the day period. These findings indicate the importance of the brain renin angiotensin system through activation of AT1R which modulates the sympathetic contribution to blood pressure control at a number of levels within the central nervous system. Of particular importance is the modulation of baroreflex control and the sympatho-inhibitory actions during emotional stress both of which occur within the ventral medulla
Narbey, Marie-France. « Mesure de pression et de composition des gaz de fission dans les crayons combustibles des centrales à réacteurs à eau pressurisée par méthode acoustique ». Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20011.
Texte intégralCossic, Antoine. « Les aspects neutroniques du pilotage des réacteurs à eau légère sous pression en régime de transitoire de puissance ». Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112008.
Texte intégralThe purpose of this thesis is to qualify the CRONOS diffusion code on a load transient in grey mode control. First of all, we have established a general axial calculational model and studied the important physical phenomena: xenon oscillation, grey rods absorption, radial leaks modelling, effect of the initial conditions in Iodine and Xenon. In a second stage, a three-dimensional calculation has been performed, the results of which have been compared to a PWR 900 TRICASTIN 3 experiment and have been in good agreement. In the last part, we show that the results of the axial model using one-dimensional CRONOS calculations are quite consistent with the three-dimensional calculation
Réaux-Le, Goazigo Annabelle. « Nouvelles données sur le contrôle central de la pression artérielle et du métabolisme hydrosode par les neuropeptides ». Paris 12, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA120012.
Texte intégralAslanian, Véronique. « Rôle des neurones sérotoninergiques du bulbe ventro-médian dans la régulation centrale de la pression artérielle chez le rat : étude par voltamétrie in vivo ». Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1T042.
Texte intégralGressier, Frédéric. « Étude de la rétention des radionucléides dans les résines échangeuses d'ions des circuits d'une centrale nucléaire à eau sous pression ». Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004851.
Texte intégralGressier, Frédéric. « Etude de la rétention des radionucléides dans les résines échangeuses d'ions des circuits d'une centrale nucléaire à eau sous pression ». Paris, ENMP, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004851.
Texte intégralPhysico-chemical quality of fluids flowing through the circuits of nuclear power plants must be maintained in order to limit circuits contamination and to diminish the dose rate associated to shutdowns. Nevertheless, an optimum between limiting liquid waste and limiting the production of solid waste has to be achieved, in the same time that limiting the associated costs. This is achieved by ion-exchange resins contained in purification circuits. A literature review has put in light the advantages and the drawbacks of the major models of interest proposed to simulate the operating of resins. Thus, the non-ideality of the resin phase has been modelled by the regular solution model whereas ion-exchange kinetics has been described by mass transfer coefficients. Selectivity variations of two cation-exchange resins for Co2+, Ni2+, Cs+ et Li+ ions has been demonstrated. This variation depends on the global saturation state of the resin. Moreover, the more the flow rate, the more the ionic leakage and the more the spreading of elution fronts. The implementation of these models in the CHESS and HYTEC codes has enabled to simulate the equilibrium and kinetics experiments so as to parametrize these new models. Finally, the predicted impact of selectivity variations and hydrokinetics has been studied on a few test cases so as to demonstrate the importance of taking into account these phenomena when modelling the operation of ion-exchange resins
Mansour, Carine. « Spéciation des espèces soufrées dans les générateurs de vapeur des centrales nucléaires à réacteur à eau sous pression ». Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005107.
Texte intégralToraille, Loïc. « Utilisation de centres NV comme capteurs de champs magnétiques à haute pression dans des cellules à enclumes de diamant ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN056/document.
Texte intégralPressure is a physical variable that alters structural, electronic and magnetic interactions in all materials. Reaching high pressure is thus a way to create new materials such as superconductors with record critical temperatures. High pressures can be enabled through the use of diamond anvil cells (DAC), which can attain pressures of several hundred of GPa. It is however quite a challenge to measure magnetic properties of materials inside a DAC because of the very small sample volume available and of technical constraints. In this PhD thesis, we demonstrate the use of a magnetometry method based on the electronic spin resonance of NV centers in diamond. These NV centers are fabricated directly on top of one of the DAC anvils, which places them in contact with the magnetic sample.In the first chapter, we describe how the DAC works and we present the different ways of probing magnetic properties that have been developed for high pressure conditions. We then explain the operating principle of NV magnetometry and use this method to measure the magnetization of a micro-magnet at ambient pressure. The sensitivity of this measure is comparable to that of SQUID magnetometry. In the third chapter, we discuss how mechanical constraints modify the spin resonance of the NV center, and describe how this effect combines with the influence of an external magnetic field. By decoupling these two effects, we can observe the magnetic phase transition of iron around 15 to 30 GPa, which is displayed in the fourth chapter. Finally, the last chapter briefly presents the context and stakes associated with the synthesis of superconducting superhydrides with high critical temperature. We perform an optical detection of a superconducting phase inside a DAC with NV centers through the observation of the Meissner effect in MgB2 at a pressure of 7 GPa and with a critical temperature of 30 K
Reviron, Nanthilde. « Etude du fluage des bétons en traction. Application aux enceintes de confinement des centrales nucléaires à eau sous pression ». Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457486.
Texte intégralElain, Lannick. « Contribution à l'optimisation de la purification chimique et radiochimique du fluide primaire des centrales nucléaires à eau sous pression ». Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ECAP0961.
Texte intégralThe primary coolant of pressurised water reactors is permanently purified thanks to a device, composed of filters and the demineralizers furnished with ion exchange resins (IER), located in the chemical and volume control system (CVCS). The study of the retention mechanisms of the radiocontaminants by the IER implies, initially, to know the speciation of the primary coolant percolant through the demineralizers. Calculations of theoretical speciation of the primary coolant were carried out on the basis of known composition of the primary coolant and thanks to the use of an adapted chemical speciation code. A complementary study, dedicated to silver behaviour, considered badly extracted, suggests metallic aggregates existence generated by the radiolytic reduction of the Ag+ ions. An analysis of the purification curves of the elements Ni, Fe, Co, Cr, Mn, Sb and their principal radionuclides, relating to the cold shutdown of Fessenheim 1-cycle 20 and Tricastin 2-cycle 21, was carried out, in the light of a model based on the concept of a coupling well term–source term. Then, a thermodynamic modelling of ion exchange phenomena in column was established. The formation of the permutation front and the enrichment zones planned was validated by frontal analysis experiments of synthetic fluids (mixtures of Ni(B(OH)4)2, LiB(OH)4 and AgB(OH)4 in medium B(OH)3)), and of real fluid during the putting into service of the device mini-CVCS at the time of Tricastin 2 cold shutdown. New tools are thus proposed, opening the way with an optimised management of demineralizers and a more complete interpretation of the available experience feedback
Reviron, Nanthilde. « Étude du fluage des bétons en traction : application aux enceintes de confinement des centrales nucléaires à eau sous pression ». Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457486/fr/.
Texte intégralThe aim of this work is to study experimentally and to conduct numerical simulations on the creep of concrete subjected to tensile stresses. The main purpose is to predict the behaviour of containment vessels of nuclear power plants (PWR) in the case of decennial test or accident. In order to satisfy to these industrial needs, it is necessary to characterize the behaviour of concrete under uniaxial tension. Thus, an important experimental study of tensile creep in concrete has been performed for different loading levels (50%, 70% and 90% of the tensile strength). In these tests, load was kept constant during 3 days. Several tests were performed: measurements of elastic properties and strength (in tension and in compression), monitoring of drying, shrinkage, basic creep and drying creep strains. Moreover, compressive creep tests were also performed and showed a difference with tensile creep. Furthermore, decrease of tensile strength and failure under tensile creep for large loading levels were observed. A numerical model has been proposed and developed in Cast3m finite element code
Gillon, Jean-Yves. « Les neurones catécholaminergiques de la région ventrolatérale du bulbe rachidien : étude par voltamétrie in vivo de leur implication dans la régulation centrale de la pression artérielle chez le rat ». Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1T202.
Texte intégralRannou, Isabelle. « Etudes sous pression de la transition de phase interpolytypique du sulfure de gallium ». Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066063.
Texte intégralToader, Emil-Codrut. « Activation parasympathique centrale mise en évidence par enregistrement des motoneurones cardiaques vagaux chez le rat ». Lyon 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/29/10/46/PDF/ToaderE_08.pdf.
Texte intégralThe parasympathetic supply to the heart is responsible for the short-term regulation of blood pressure (BP), by controlling the heart rate (HR) on a beat-by-beat basis. Decreased cardiac vagal activity is considered an index of poor outcome. The vagal projection of the nucleus ambiguus on the heart is the common pathway for different cardiac reflexes, like the cardiac baroreflex and the von Bezold-Jarisch (BJ) chemoreflex. Recent advances in extracellular recording methods of cardiac vagal motoneurons (CVM) in rat made easier the exploring of these two reflexes. Thus, a better understanding of the mechanisms and sites of action of two drugs could be achieved. 1). An α-2 adrenergic agonist, clonidine, a central hypotensive, influences the short-term regulation of BP. The present work shows an increase of the activity of CVM, together with the slope of the cardiac baroreflex at central level (BP-CVM relationship) when clonidine is administered systemically, in cumulative doses (10-100µg/kg i. V. ). A deeper analysis of the CVM activity revealed a possible new mechanism of action of clonidine by fast firing (“doublet”). 2). B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), used in the treatment of the heart failure, increased significantly the bradycardia and the CVM activity during the activation of the BJ reflex. The bradycardia is proportional to the vagal activation. This proves, by subtractive logic, that the BNP site of action is on the afferent arm of the reflex. Cardiac vagal activation is a solution in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders
Couillandre, Annabelle. « Incidence de la posture initiale sur la programmation de la marche : contrôle du centre des masses lors de l'initiation de la marche sur l'avant-pied ». Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112296.
Texte intégralAccording to a velocity objective, body progression during gait initiation results from a control of the gravity forces by the muscular forces and a choice of the locomotor parameters. In this study, we use a gait initiation analysis model in order to understand the incidence of the initial posture on gait programming: on one hand, on the healthy subject to whom a heel-off posture is imposed and on the other hand, on the subject with Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD), who naturally frequently displays this posture. This latter consequently reduces the postural basis, limits the centre of foot pressure (CP) backward shift during the Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APA). Using dynamic, electromyographical (EMG) and dynamometric techniques, we show, in each of the gait initiation phases, some modifications but also some invariances of the biomechanical and EMG parameters. The control of the gravity forces by the muscular forces in the healthy subject, adopting the heel-off posture differs from the one displayed by the subject with BMD. This difference of control is at the origin of the perturbation on the motor sequence normally observed. In the healthy subject adopting the heel-off posture as well as in the patient, muscular synergies other than the ones normally observed assist the occurence of this motor sequence in order to preserve appropriate APA for progression. These prepare the postural configuration for the forthcoming movement, assist the motor performance and present characteristics in relation with the parameters of the posture and movement. Moreover, the adjustement between centre of gravity and CP velocities may represent adaptations of the dynamic body scheme. The strategy of CP velocity modulation allows to distinguish a locomotor behaviour specific to the postural constraints
Picolini, João Paulo [UNESP]. « Estudo das pressões de poros numa área central da Bacia de Santos ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150792.
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Foram estudadas as pressões de poros em poços localizados numa área central da Bacia de Santos, onde ocorrem Zonas de Pressão de Poros Anormal (ZPA), intervalos estratigráficos caracterizados por pressões de poros anormalmente elevadas (sobrepressão). Atenção especial foi dedicada à Sequência Deposicional K90, Santoniano ao Campaniano, constituída pelas formações Juréia e Itajaí-Açu, por sua vez composta por pelitos do Folhelho-Selo e arenitos do Reservatório Principal (Membro Ilha-Bela). A área de estudos possui cerca de 1900 km2 e localiza-se a cerca de 120km do litoral do Estado de São Paulo, apresentando acumulações de gás no Reservatório Principal, seladas pelo Folhelho-Selo, entre as quais destaca a Acumulação Principal, com cerca de 800 m de espessura de zona de gás. Os estudos envolveram modelagem petrofísica 1D das pressões e modelagem histórica 1D de parâmetros tectonossedimentares. Objetivou-se, assim, quantificar as pressões de poros; verificar se elas estão relacionadas à evolução tecnossedimentar e sugerir as causas prováveis da sobrepressão. A modelagem petrofísica forneceu curvas de pressões de sobrecarga (PS), pressão hidrostática (PH) e pressão de poros (PP) a partir de perfis elétricos de poços. A modelagem histórica forneceu curvas de subsidência, taxas de sedimentação, fluxo térmico, temperatura e pressões de poros ao longo do tempo. Análises complementares foram realizadas a partir de dados geoquímicos e de mineralogia do Folhelho-Selo. Foi possível caracterizar as pressões anormais nos perfis e, com razoável confiabilidade, estabelecer a distribuição estratigráfica e espacial das ZPAs existentes na área. Na Sequência K90 foi constatada uma ZPA Principal e uma ZPA Secundária, enquanto nas sequências mais antigas (K70, K82-86 e K88) identificaram-se zonas de menor importância e ocorrência localizada (ZPA-2 e ZPA-3). A ZPA Principal engloba a Acumulação Principal e apresenta gradiente de pressão de poros (GPP) de até 12,6 ppg na zona de gás e 11,7 ppg na zona de água, superiores ao gradiente de pressão hidrostática (GPH), cujos valores variam entre 8,5 ppg e 9,5 ppg. A deposição da K90 ocorreu durante importante período de atividade tectônica e taxas de sedimentação de até 300 m/Ma, sendo submetida a fluxos térmicos de até 100 mW/m2 e temperaturas superiores a 140 oC ao longo do tempo. Não foi identificada uma relação entre a sobrepressão da ZPA Principal e a evolução tectonossedimentar da área ou com as características geoquímicas e minerais do Folhelho-Selo. A ocorrência de gás acumulado é o principal elemento que resultou na ZPA Principal, pois o gás elevou GPP da zona de gás em relação ao GPP do aquífero. Além disso, a coexistência de gás e água deve ter reduzido a condutividade hidráulica do Folhelho-Selo e retardado a equalização das pressões com o meio hidrostático, contribuindo com a elevação do GPP no aquífero. Camadas menos permeáveis internas ao Folhelho-Selo e ao Reservatório Principal, além de falhas selantes, reduziram ainda mais o fluxo de fluidos, contribuindo com a elevação das pressões de poros. A migração de fluidos pressurizados, a partir de níveis inferiores, também pode ter contribuído com o aumento das pressões de poros na ZPA Principal.
Pore pressures have been studied through wells located in a central area of the Santos Basin, Brazil, where Overpressured Zones (ZPA) are characterized by abnormally high PP. Special attention was given to the K90 Depositional Sequence, Santonian to Campanian age, constituted by the Juréia and Itajaí-Açu formations, which is composed by pelitic rocks (Shale-Seal) and sandstones (Main Reservoir). The study area is about 1900km2 large, located about 120km far from the São Paulo State coast, and has gas accumulations in the Main Reservoir sealed by Shale-Seal, among which the Main Accumulation stands out, with about 800 m of gas zone thickness. The studies were carried out by 1D petrophysical pressure modeling and 1D historical modeling, aiming to quantify pore pressures and verify whether they are related to tectonossedimentary evolution and to suggest probable causes for overpressure in the area. The petrophysical pressure modeling provided overburden pressure (PS), hydrostatic pressure (PH) and pore pressure (PP) curves from electric well profiles. Historical modeling provided total and tectonic subsidence, sedimentation rates, heat flow curves, temperature and pore pressures over the geological time. Further analyses were carried out from geochemical and mineralogy data from the Shale-Seal. It was possible to characterize the abnormal pressures in log profiles and, with reasonable reliability, to establish the stratigraphic and spatial distribution of the ZPAs in the area. A Main ZPA and a Secondary ZPA were detected in the K90 Sequence, whereas zones of minor importance and localized occurrence were identified, named ZPA-2 and ZPA-3, were detected in the older sequences (K70, K82-86 and K88). The Main ZPA encompass the Main Accumulation and presents a pore pressure gradient (GPP) up to 12,6 ppg in the gas zone and up to 11,7 ppg in the water zone, too much larger than hydrostatic pressure gradient (GPH), whose values range from 8,5 ppg and 9,5 ppg. The K90 was deposited during a period of huge tectonic activity, with sedimentation rates up to 300 m/My and has been submitted up to 100 mW/m2 of heat flow and temperatures above 140 oC through the time. It was not realized a relation between the occurrence of overpressure and the tectonossedimentary evolution of the area or with the geochemical and mineral characteristics of the Shale-Seal. The occurrence of accumulated gas is the main element that resulted in the Main ZPA, because the gas raised GPP of the gas zone in relation to the GPP of the aquifer, which raised the GPP of the gas zone in relation to the aquifer’s GPP. Besides that, the coexistence of gas and water must have reduced the hydraulic conductivity of the Shale-Seal and retarded the equalization of the pressures with the hydrostatic medium, contributing to raising the aquifer’s GPP. Less permeable layers, internal to Shale-Seal, and sealing faults further reduced the flow of fluids, contributing to the elevation of pore pressures. The migration of pressurized fluids, from lower levels, may also have contributed to increased pore pressures in the Main ZPA.
Lalaimode, Stéphane. « Réalisation d'un ensemble de logiciels de simulation du comportement d'une centrale nucléaire à eau pressurisée en situation accidentelle très dégradée (Crisalide) ». Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10095.
Texte intégralAslanian, Véronique. « Rôle des neurones sérotoninergiques du bulbe ventro-médian dans la régulation centrale de la pression artérielle chez le rat étude par voltamétrie in vivo / ». Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611408p.
Texte intégralDelisle, Stéphane. « L'asservissement de la ventilation mécanique à l'aide du déclenchement diaphragmatique permet une meilleure synchronisation patient/ventilateur et une meilleure architecture du sommeil chez les patients en sevrage ventilatoire ». Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6643.
Texte intégralCachon, Lionel. « Etude tribologique de revêtements durs sans cobalt destinés aux organes d'isolement du circuit primaire des REP ». Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10618.
Texte intégralRicordel, Pascal. « Économie politique de la décentralisation ». Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010066.
Texte intégralThe political economy of decentralization deals with the intermingled political and economic dimension of the decision of a unitary state to decentralize its powers. The framework of this work is based on the "public choice" litterature which helps to enlighten the behavior and power of every actors involved in the decentralization process. The study is divided into three parts in the first part, we argue about the logic of behaviour of the central state : the theoretical stakes of the decentralization for the collectivity as a whole and for the central state, as a special a ctor, are shown. In the third part, bureaucracy, interest groups and individuals are introduced into the analysis. The framework so achieved helps to understand the local public choice in a decentralized unitary state which is based more on "voice-mechanism" and the abilities for individuals to join clubs than the traditionnally-minded "exit-mechanism"
Vermorel, Fabien. « Étude de la corrosion-érosion des aciers au carbone en milieu réducteur : application aux générateurs de vapeur des centrales REP ». Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10299.
Texte intégralHo, Anh Dung. « Contribution a l'étude de supports logiciels de base de données pour un système de diagnostic applique aux centrales électronucléaires ». Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07F064.
Texte intégralJégou, Sylvie. « Etude des peptides apparentés à la proopiomélanocortine dans le système nerveux central ». Rouen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ROUE5012.
Texte intégralCaron, Olivier. « Relation d'amplitude entre centre de gravité et centre des pressions en fonction de la fréquence pour estimer la performance en posturologie ». Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10270.
Texte intégralLaurent, Stéphane. « Effets cardiovasculaires centraux et périphériques des modulateurs du canal calcique lent ». Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112139.
Texte intégralToader, Emil. « Activation parasympathique centrale mise en évidence par enregistrement des motoneurones cardiaques vagaux chez le rat ». Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00291046.
Texte intégralMarc, Yannick. « Analyse des propriétés pharmacologiques des inhibiteurs de l'aminopeptidase A, comme agents antihypertenseurs à action centrale ». Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05P617.
Texte intégralGoujon, Christophe. « Conséquences des nettoyages chimiques sur la réactivité de la surface externe des tubes de générateurs de vapeur des centrales nucléaires à réacteur à eau sous pression ». Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066723.
Texte intégralIn the secondary circuit of nuclear Pressurized Water Reactors, magnetite (Fe3O4) deposits lead to Steam Generator (SG) fouling, decreasing the thermal performance and possibly enhancing the risk of SG tube cracking. As a counteraction, chemical cleanings have become the primary strategy to remove oxide deposits in SGs of the EDF fleet. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chemical cleaning on SG tubes surface reactivity. First, an electrochemical study was performed to deposit magnetite on substrates made of Inconel 600 and 690 (SG tubes materials). Thermodynamic calculations, voltamperometric studies and deposit characterizations were performed to define the experimental protocol. Magnetite films with a thickness up to several dozen on micrometers were grown by cathodic electrodeposition. Then, SG tubes were fouled in a specific experimental loop, FORTRAND. In this device, magnetite and soluble iron were formed and released in solution by carbon steel pipes corrosion in feedwater circuit representative conditions. Then, corrosion products were flow-carried to the autoclave where their precipitation and deposition on heated SG tubes led to tubes fouling. To reproduce surface characteristics of SG tubes surface, a static oxidation step was first performed in FORTRAND autoclave and result in the formation of a fully covering passive layer on the SG tubes surface.Then in-situ fouling test was done by recirculation in FORTRAND test loop. The magnetite deposit formed on tubes was composed of a dense layer of small crystals. Second, chemical cleaning processes were applied on fouled substrates and tubes in a specific experimental device ECCLIPS designed for this purpose. SG industrial cleaning processes timing and thermochemical conditions were strictly respected during these operations and lead to the dissolution of most of the fouling deposit. The passive layer was still covering the whole surface of the tube and no variation in its thickness or composition was noticed which could indicate that chemical cleaning have no effect on the SG tubes integrity. Finally, cleaned tubes fouling was performed in FORTRAND in the same experimental conditions as before the cleaning test. It could be concluded that there is no effect of chemical cleaning on the fouling kinetics of SG tubes for a short period as the amount of deposit formed before and after cleaning was identical. Nevertheless, the small crystallite dense layer observed before cleaning was not present on cleaned tubes and the size of crystallites were bigger after cleaning. For a short period, this morphology could result in the formation of a fouling deposit with more porosity. As the increase of deposit porosity can impact the thermal transfer at the SG tube surface, morphology changes, hardly predictible, could be important for the SG thermal performance after chemical cleaning. For a longer period, frequent SG cleaning applications should prevent the densification of the deposit and thus delay performance loss over time
JOUBERT, HERVE. « Analyse de couches d'oxyde formees a la surface d'alliages a base de nickel et de fer dans les conditions du circuit primaire d'une centrale nucleaire a eau sous pression ». Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR13262.
Texte intégralRodríguez-Yc, José Ruperto. « La molienda en Mesoamérica, formas, funciones, usos y manufactura de los instrumentos. Un estudio etnoarqueológico en México ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/124833.
Texte intégralThis is an ethnographic study of Mesoamerican mills called molcajete/tejolote and metate/metlapil; these technological pairs have few millennia of existence up to nowadays Mexico. Through archeology data their presence is recognized in ancient and pre-Hispanic times. This thesis analyzes grinding tasks through ethnography, documenting 10 cases in different indigenous communities of Mexico and is correlated with the territory of ancient Mesoamerica. Several semi-structured interviews were accomplished and the act of grinding was videotaped in its context, the kitchens. Thus, we found out that not only is ground corn, but also, people are grinding annatto, cacao, indigo, cochineal, etc. A constant in the interviews is the belief that a product processed in these devices generates a different flavor in the food and sauces. This study addresses for the first time the act of grinding and lists the gestures and actions of women during the activity. From the interviews we got grinding topics, which were arranged in a thematic sequence and represent a rich source of information. Both modern and archaeological artifacts were treated through forms, functions and use that were given in the past, and are given today. At the same time the manufacturing process of the molcajete/tejolote and the metate/metlapil was documented, that is still valid since they are still demanded and used in daily life by the people.
Guigue, Lisa. « Evaluation clinique de la pression artérielle centrale à partir de la mesure par cathétérisme radial en utilisant la modélisation de l'arbre artériel, de la liaison hydraulique et du capteur. Intégration de la fonction dans un dispositif de surveillance de la qualité de la mesure de la pression artérielle ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAS036.
Texte intégralAortic pressure is generally recognized as a good index of the hemodynamic state of a patient. In intensive care units, aortic pressure is indirectly estimated via a radial catheter-tansducer system. The present study aims to remove the obstacles to a reliable evaluation of central pressure via the radial catheter-transducer system commonly used in clinics. These obstacles can be due to :1.technical problems occurring between the radial catheter and the sensor;}2.pathophysiological problems affecting the arterial tree between the heart and peripheral arteries. Several clinical situations have been identified in which alterations of the physical properties of the vasculature do not allow a reliable estimation of central arterial pressure using the common radial setting. One of these phenomena is the so called central-to-radial arterial pressure gradient.CATARSI, a medical device developped by AII SAS, affords a solution to the first group of problems by providing an index of the quality of the signal provided by the radial catheter-transducer system.Under pathophysiological conditions affecting the arterial vascualture of the patient, early detection of a mismatch between peripheral and central arterial pressure would also be of great clinical value. In this view, a new functionality could be develop to implement CATARSI. However, to achieve this goal, it is first necessary to understand, evaluate and modelize the precise pathophysiological mechanisms involved in these particular situations.The study contains three steps :1.Experimental evaluation, by oscillometry and catheterization, of AP propagation-time on the human arterial tree (aortic, radial, femoral arterial pressure) during a central-to-radial arterial pressure gradient. This evaluation has been carried out on patients undergoing Cardio Pulmonary Bypass (CPB). Several measurements have been performed: before, during and after CPB.2.Development and optimization of a method allowing the detection of an uncoupling between central and peripheral arterial pressure thanks to AP signal analysis in real time and a potential complementary measurement performed with CATARSI.3.Several central to radial arterial modelling propositions in order to present a better evaluation of central arterial pressure estimated by radial arterial pressure
Dubois, Michel. « Fluides crustaux : approche expérimentale et analytique : 1) détermination du solvus des systèmes H2O-MCL (M=Li, K, Rb, Cs) et 2) caractérisation et dynamique des fluides des dômes thermiques, sur l'exemple du Diapir Vellave (S-E Massif Central Francais) ». Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1992_DUBOIS_M.pdf.
Texte intégralLemogoum, Daniel. « Mécanismes des maladies cardiovasculaires chez le sujet noir africain : le vieillissement artériel précoce serait-il un déterminant ? » Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209075.
Texte intégralLa rigidification des gros troncs artériels (GTA) est physiologiquement liée à l’âge et s’accélère sous l’influence de certains facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire tels que l’hypertension artérielle (HTA), le diabète, le tabagisme, la dyslipidémie, l’obésité, la consommation excessive de sel, la sédentarité et l’hérédité. Le vieillissement artériel prématuré est un déterminant majeur du risque d’événements cardiovasculaires. Il se caractérise par une altération des propriétés élastiques des GTA, consécutive à l’épaississement de l’intima et surtout de la média se traduisant par une rigidification de leur paroi et une intensification de la réflexion de la courbe de pression aortique. Une artère rigide accélère la vitesse de propagation de l’onde de pouls (VOP) qui en est le marqueur direct et induit par conséquent un retour plus précoce des ondes de pression réfléchies de la périphérie vers l’aorte.
Nous avons testé l’hypothèse que le risque accru de maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) documenté chez les sujets noirs africains serait lié en partie au vieillissement précoce de leurs artères et que son amplification chez les bantous serait largement attribuable aux facteurs environnementaux.
A cet effet, nous avons procédé dans un premier temps à la validation de la VOP, de la pression pulsée (pression systolique-pression diastolique) et de l’index d’augmentation de pression (AIx), tous deux dérivés de la courbe de pression aortique comme méthodes de mesure et d’évaluation non invasive de la distensibilité artérielle chez les sujets normotendus. Nos résultats révèlent que la stimulation bêta-adrénergique non cardio-sélective par l’isoproterenol atténue de façon significative la réflexion des ondes de pression aortique et augmente nettement la pression pulsée (PP) aortique alors que la VOP aortique qui constitue la mesure de référence de l’élasticité artérielle n’est pas affectée. Ces résultats suggèrent dès lors que la PP et l’AIx ne sont pas des marqueurs fiables de la rigidité artérielle lors de la stimulation bêta-adrénergique.
Nous avons ensuite évalué l’amplitude de cet effet de l’isoproterenol sur la paroi artérielle du sujet noir africain. C’est ainsi que nous avons observé que la stimulation bêta-adrénergique par l’isoproterenol engendre une accélération de la VOP aortique chez les sujets noirs, contrairement aux sujets caucasiens chez qui elle la ralentit considérablement. Ce résultat suggère que l’altération précoce des propriétés structurelles et fonctionnelles de la paroi aortique des sujets noirs sous l’effet de divers stress pourrait contribuer à la sévérité et à la précocité des MCV couramment rapportées au sein de ce groupe ethnique.
Nous avons ensuite testé une série d’hypothèses nécessitant des mesures non invasives de l’élasticité artérielle au sein de populations particulières au Cameroun.
C’est ainsi que nous avons investigué l’effet de l’anémie falciforme sur la rigidité artérielle et la réflexion de la courbe de pression aortique. L’hypothèse testée était que les complications cardiovasculaires couramment rapportées chez les drépanocytaires seraient dues à l’altération des propriétés viscoélastiques de leur paroi artérielle. Cette seconde partie de nos travaux nous a permis de démontrer que les patients drépanocytaires souffrant de la forme homozygote d’anémie falciforme (SS) ont des artères centrales aortiques très souples et des artères périphériques musculaires moins rigides. En effet, leur VOP est ralentie et leurs ondes de réflexion de la périphérie vers l’aorte sont fortement atténuées en comparaison aux contrôles sains (AA). L’anémie falciforme et la pression artérielle moyenne (PAM) sont apparues comme étant des déterminants indépendants de l’état d’élasticité aortique dans notre population d’étude (SS et AA). Cette étude a révélé toutefois une accélération paradoxale des VOP radiale et aortique dans les zones de basse pression artérielle, suggérant un effet délétère vasculaire de l’hypotension artérielle sévère chronique sur la paroi aortique.
Enfin, dans le troisième volet de notre travail, nous avons évalué l’effet du mode de vie chasseurs-pêcheurs-cueilleurs sur l’état d’élasticité aortique des pygmées traditionnels (TP) Camerounais. Nos travaux révèlent que ces TP ont des artères plus élastiques illustrées par une faible accélération de leur VOP aortique, comparée à celles des pygmées contemporains (CP) et des agriculteurs bantous partageant le même environnement semi-urbain et soumis tous à un mode de vie de type occidental. Fait important, cette faible accélération de la VOP aortique des TP est indépendante de la PAM et de leur âge chronologique qui en constituent pourtant des déterminants majeurs classiques bien documentés. Par contre, cette différence d’élasticité aortique entre TP, CP et bantous s’estompe nettement après correction pour le poids corporel.
Dans le même ordre d’idées, nous avons également démontré qu’en dépit de leur petite taille, les pygmées traditionnels réfléchissent leurs ondes de pression de la périphérie vers l’aorte avec une amplitude similaire à celle des pygmées contemporains et des bantous semi urbains.
Conclusion.
Les résultats de nos travaux confortent la VOP comme marqueur de référence de la rigidité artérielle et suggèrent un vieillissement précoce de l’aorte chez les sujets noirs pouvant expliquer en partie la sévérité et la précocité des MCV couramment rapportées chez eux. Ce phénomène s’illustre notamment par l’accélération de la VOP aortique induite par l’isoproterenol chez les sujets noirs africains contrairement aux sujets caucasiens, chez qui la stimulation bêta-adrénergique par isoproterenol s’accompagne d’un ralentissement considérable de la VOP aortique. Cependant, l’état drépanocytaire pourrait atténuer et ralentir ce phénomène de vieillissement vasculaire précoce, ceci en dépit d’une accélération paradoxale de la VOP par l’hypotension artérielle chronique. Enfin, le mode de vie chasseurs-pêcheurs-cueilleurs protègerait l’aorte des pygmées traditionnels contre le risque de vieillissement prématuré, ceci indépendamment de la pression artérielle moyenne et de l’âge chronologique.
Doctorat en Sciences médicales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Million-Picallion, Lisa. « Interactions magnétite-Al(III)-silice dans les conditions physico-chimiques des générateurs de vapeur des centrales nucléaires « REP » ». Toulouse 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU30246.
Texte intégralIn the secondary circuit of Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR), interactions between magnetite and impurities lead to formation of hard deposits at the bottom of steam generator (SG). These deposits, called hard sludge, are able to deform SG tubes, causing enhanced Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC). Analysis of sludge pile deposits from plants has shown that the main constituents are magnetite, aluminum and silicon. The aim of this study is to determine what kinds of interactions between these species are able to form hard sludge in physicochemical SG conditions. In order to reproduce SG conditions (i. E. , aqueous medium at 275°C, basic pH and reductive potential), a dedicated experimental system based on hydrothermal reactor has been set up. The kinetics of thermal decomposition of hydrazine, injected in the secondary circuit to eliminate oxygen, was estimated in order to work in chemically steady-state medium. The continuous in situ pH and Eh monitoring was performed with high temperature probes. In this way, pH and Eh of two chemical conditionings (ethanolamine high pH and morpholine low pH) were established at 275°C. In order to investigate the process of hard sludge formation, the interaction between magnetite and aqueous impurities (aluminum and/or silica) were simulated in dedicated experiments. Aluminum is the most reactive element, both its solubility and the pH value of the medium control its behavior. Conversely, in flow-restricted areas, physicochemical conditions (temperature, pH, Eh) are impacted by oxides and high concentrations of impurities and differ from those present in SG bulk. On the basis of the hard sludge compositions found in plants, a second type of experiment has been implemented which considers the interaction between the main species in terms of oxides (magnetite, aluminum and silicon) in an uncontrolled medium. These tests have led to the generation of hardened aggregates resulting from the production of kaolinite and boehmite. Formation of secondary phases acts upon the pH medium and modifies the chemical activity of the interacting species
Fily, Marc. « Succession post-culturale et pression de pâturage dans les Pyrénées centrales : étude à l'échelle de l'écosystème, de la communauté et d'une population de Dactylis glomerata L. prise comme modèle ». Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30132.
Texte intégralLiotard, Jean-Michel. « Contribution au problème de l'origine des basaltes alcalins fractionnement haute pression, caractérisation des zones sources, comparaison entre domaine océanique, Polynésie française, et domaine continental, Hoggar algérien, Massif central français / ». Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376152815.
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