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Paletto, A., I. De Meo et F. Ferretti. « Comparison among social and institutional preferences : the case study of Arci-Grighine district ». Forest@ - Rivista di Selvicoltura ed Ecologia Forestale 8, no 6 (19 décembre 2011) : 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3832/efor0680-008.
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Arace, Angelica. « Stereotipi e disuguaglianze di genere nell'istruzione scolastica ». MINORIGIUSTIZIA, no 3 (janvier 2021) : 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mg2020-003003.
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Gli stereotipi di genere condizionano, sin dalla scolarizzazione di base, atteggiamenti, preferenze e impegno nei confronti delle diverse materie scolastiche: quelle scientifiche e tecnologiche vengono etichettate come più confacenti ai maschi, mentre le materie umanistiche sono considerate più "da femmine". Numerosi studi dimostrano che tali stereotipi influenzano le scelte formative e gli esiti scolastici dei ragazzi e delle ragazze e sono responsabili di meccanismi di segregazione formativa e professionale che distinguono nettamente tra percorsi di studio e mestieri adatti agli uomini e alle donne. La letteratura evidenzia inoltre come sia di primaria importanza attuare programmi sociali ed educativi di contrasto alle disuguaglianze di genere nelle opportunità formative e di successo scolastico, sia per i maschi sia per le femmine, come dimostrato dai dati sull'abbandono scolastico e sui giovani Neet.
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Ruggeri, Mirella, Nazario Santolini, Marco Stegagno, Giuseppe Imperadore et Rosa Bruna Dall'Agnola. « Prospettive future ». Epidemiologia e psichiatria sociale. Monograph Supplement 8, S5 (mars 1999) : 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1827433100000393.
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Gli studi sulla qualità della vita sono particolarmente innovativi e di estremo interesse in quanto tendono ad abbracciare in una visione unitaria aspetti diversi, ma non indipendenti, dell'esperienza umana, consentendo una valutazione ad ampio spettro dell'impatto dei trattamenti nella vita del paziente.Ma molti sono gli interrogativi irrisolti sulla qualità della vita. Essi riguardano innanzitutto il ruolo da attribuire alla multidimensionalità del concetto ed in particolare quali siano le dimensioni della qualità della vita che più facilmente si deteriorano nei pazienti affetti da disturbi psichici e quali quelle che migliorano in maniera più sensibile in seguito ai trattamenti eseguiti. Se pare accertata l'inappropriatezza di giudicare la qualità della vita di un individuo solamente sulla base di parametri oggettivi (ad esempio, economici, sociali ed abitativi), indipendentemente dalle sue preferenze, scopi e valori, non è d'altronde chiaro quale parametro dovrà essere privilegiato nei casi, prevedibilmente numerosi, in cui dati obiettivi e soggettivi saranno discordanti. Ed ancora ci si chiede quanto le abilità cognitive di un individuo e la sua autonomia personale concorrano nel determinare la sua qualità della vita, ed, ancora, fino a che punto le valutazioni della qualità della vita basate sul giudizio soggettivo possano essere influenzate da altri fattori, quali il livello intellettivo dell'individuo e la sua personalità. Un altro dubbio, infine, che percorre costantemente questo tipo di ricerca è fino a che punto sia possibile quantificare questo fenomeno complesso, senza che la quantificazione stessa finisca con l'introdurre un elemento di distorsione e di arbitrarietà nell'interpretazione del fenomeno stesso.
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Torrieri, Francesca, Federica Cadamuro Morgante et Alessandra Oppio. « The social discount rate in cost-benefit analysis for flood risk management : reasoning on the intertemporal preferences ». Valori e Valutazioni 29 (janvier 2022) : 103–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.48264/vvsiev-20212908.
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About the Flood Risk Management Plans (PGRA) the European Community (DIR. 2007/60; Regulation No. 1303/2013) introduces the need to provide an assessment of the prevention and mitigation measures for the hydraulic risk through a Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA), (Cohesion Fund, 2014-2020). Indeed, the CBA helps identifying a priority ranking of structural and non-structural interventions to be implemented so to reduce the probability of flooding and the negative consequences for human health, the environment, cultural heritage and economic activities. In Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) application, the Social Discount Rate (SDR) covers a fundamental role in revealing the intergenerational concern and the willingness to pay for environmental protection and debt inheritance of a society into a specific territorial-time dimension. In particular, scientific research on the hydraulic risk area like the national and international guidelines demonstrates no agreement about the methodologies for estimating the SSS and the (SSS) value adopted in different territorial contexts. For this reason, this paper aims at investigating literature debates about SDR effectiveness on a value-based assessment and how it is applied in CBA analysis dealing with intergenerational environmental costs redistribution and human heath protections. The theoretical explanation is supported by applying CBA analysis to the real case study of Olbia city, where relevant flood events occurred in the last fifty years and, in particular, the last one in 2013, causing significant losses in economic welfare and human lives. First results from the empirical application show how the choice of the SSS and the time-frame of the interventions have a strong impact on the effectiveness of the strategic decisions from a social point of view. In particular, these two factors' influence is more evident in long-term scenarios due to intertemporal prices' cumulative and multiplicative effects, which reduce future values such as environmental and social benefits if discounted to date. Nell’ambito dei Piani di Gestione del Rischio Alluvioni (PGRA), la Comunità Europea (Dir. 2007/60; Regulation No. 1303/2013) ha introdotto la necessità della valutazione delle misure di prevenzione del rischio alluvioni sulla base di una Analisi Benefici-Costi (ACB), al fine di individuare una graduatoria di priorità degli interventi strutturali e non strutturali da attuarsi per ridurre la probabilità di inondazione e le conseguenze negative per la salute umana, l’ambiente, il patrimonio culturale e le attività economiche. Rispetto all’applicazione dell’ACB, la stima del Saggio Sociale di Sconto (SSS) rappresenta uno degli aspetti più critici per esprimere il valore delle preferenze intertemporali, la disponibilità a pagare per la tutela dell’ambiente e la qualità della vita, nonché il peso attribuito all'eredità del debito futuro intergenerazionale in una specifica dimensione spazio-temporale. In particolare, le applicazioni al settore del rischio idraulico così come le linee guida nazionali e internazionali mostrano come non vi sia ancora una convergenza di opinioni sulle metodologie da applicare per la stima del SSS e sul valore da adottare in differenti contesti territoriali. A partire da un’analisi della letteratura sul ruolo del SSS nelle ACB applicate al settore della prevenzione del rischio idraulico, il presente articolo propone un quadro ampio di casi di studio in differenti contesti geografici, che sottopone a una riflessione critica in merito agli aspetti teorici e operativi. Le riflessioni teoriche sono poi sperimentate attraverso un’applicazione dell’ACB alla città di Olbia, dove si sono verificate grandi alluvioni negli ultimi cinquant'anni, l'ultima delle quali nel 2013, che hanno causato perdite significative in termini di benessere economico e vite umane. I primi risultati ottenuti mostrano come la scelta del SSS, così come la temporalizzazione degli interventi, sia determinante per l’efficacia delle scelte dal punto di vista sociale, soprattutto in scenari di lungo periodo, a causa dell’effetto cumulato e moltiplicativo dei prezzi intertemporali che porta a ridurre i valori futuri, quali per esempio i benefici ambientali e sociali, se scontati all’attualità.
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Dhamal, Swapnil, et Y. Narahari. « Scalable Preference Aggregation in Social Networks ». Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing 1 (3 novembre 2013) : 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/hcomp.v1i1.13074.
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In social choice theory, preference aggregation refers to computing an aggregate preference over a set of alternatives given individual preferences of all the agents. In real-world scenarios, it may not be feasible to gather preferences from all the agents. Moreover, determining the aggregate preference is computationally intensive. In this paper, we show that the aggregate preference of the agents in a social network can be computed efficiently and with sufficient accuracy using preferences elicited from a small subset of critical nodes in the network. Our methodology uses a model developed based on real-world data obtained using a survey on human subjects, and exploits network structure and homophily of relationships. Our approach guarantees good performance for aggregation rules that satisfy a property which we call expected weak insensitivity. We demonstrate empirically that many practically relevant aggregation rules satisfy this property. We also show that two natural objective functions in this context satisfy certain properties, which makes our methodology attractive for scalable preference aggregation over large scale social networks. We conclude that our approach is superior to random polling while aggregating preferences related to individualistic metrics, whereas random polling is acceptable in the case of social metrics.
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Sánchez-Cuenca, Ignacio. « A Preference for Selfish Preferences ». Philosophy of the Social Sciences 38, no 3 (septembre 2008) : 361–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0048393108319470.
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Purcell, A. T., R. J. Lamb, E. Mainardi Peron et S. Falchero. « Preference or preferences for landscape ? » Journal of Environmental Psychology 14, no 3 (septembre 1994) : 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-4944(94)80056-1.
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Wulandari, Siti Abir, et RA Rani Eka Fitri. « HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERSEPSI DENGAN PREFERENSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP TEMPE DI PASAR ANGSO DUO KOTA JAMBI ». Jurnal MeA (Media Agribisnis) 5, no 1 (30 avril 2020) : 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/mea.v5i1.64.
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This research was conducted to find out about the general description of consumer perception towards tempe, consumer preference towards tempe and to find the correlation between perception and preference towards tempe in Pasar Angso Duo Kota Jambi. The reason this research was conducted in Pasar Angso Duo Kota Jambi Kelurahan Legok Kecamatan Danau Sipin, because the market in this place is the largest market or the central market in Kota Jambi and costumer came from all the social class. Data collection for this research were implemented on November 2019. Number of sample studied was 50 people. The research hypothesis proposed is thought to have a correlation between perception and consumer preferences for tempe in Pasar Angso Duo Kota Jambi. Chi-Square test statistical analysis was used to examine the correlation between perception and consumer preferences for tempe. The results showed that there was no correlation between perception and consumer preferences for tempe in Pasar Angso Duo Kota Jambi, seen from count = 0.646 > table 0.481 with α = 5% the same as using SPSS where the results of count = 0.646 ( Sig.2-sided) = 000 < α = 5%.Keyword : Perception, Preference, and Tempe.ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi konsumen terhadap tempe, untuk mengetahui gambaran preferensi konsumen terhadap tempe dan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi dengan preferensi terhadap tempe di Pasar Angso Duo Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Pasar Angso Duo Kota Jambi Kelurahan Legok Kecamatan Danau Sipin, dengan alasan bahwa pasar tersebut merupakan pasar terbesar atau pasar induk yang ada di Kota Jambi dan konsumen yang berbelanja di Pasar Angso Duo terdiri dari berbagai lapisan masyarakat Jambi dan sekitarnya. Pengambilan data penelitian di laksanakan pada bulan November 2019. Adapun jumlah sampel yang diteliti adalah sebanyak 50 orang. Hipotesis penelitian yang diajukan diduga terdapat hubungan antara persepsi dengan preferensi konsumen terhadap tempe di Pasar Angso Duo Kota Jambi. Analisis statistik uji Chi-Square digunakan untuk menguji hubungan antara persepsi dengan preferensi konsumen terhadap tempe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara persepsi dengan preferensi konsumen terhadap tempe di Pasar Angso Duo Kota Jambi, dilihat dari hitung = 0,646 > tabel 0,481 dengan = 5% sama dengan menggunakan SPSS dimana hasil hitung = 0,646 (Sig.2-sided) = 000 < α = 5%.Kata Kunci : Persepsi, Preferensi, dan Tempe.
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de Boer, Jelle. « A STRAWSON–LEWIS DEFENCE OF SOCIAL PREFERENCES ». Economics and Philosophy 28, no 3 (novembre 2012) : 291–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267112000259.
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This paper examines a special kind of social preference, namely a preference to do one's part in a mixed-motive setting because the other party expects one to do so. I understand this expectation-based preference as a basic reactive attitude (Strawson 1974). Given this, and the fact that expectations in these circumstances are likely to be based on other people's preferences, I argue that in cooperation a special kind of equilibrium ensues, which I call a loop, with people's preferences and expectations mutually cross-referring. As with a Lewis-norm, the loop can get started in a variety of ways. It is self-sustaining in the sense that people with social preferences have sufficient reason not to deviate.
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Nguyen, Dat-Dao. « Using Social Choice Function Vs. Social Welfare Function To Aggregate Individual Preferences In Group Decision Support Systems ». International Journal of Management & ; Information Systems (IJMIS) 18, no 3 (1 juillet 2014) : 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ijmis.v18i3.8703.
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In multi-criteria decision making, any Group Decision Support System (GDSS) requires a social judgment model for calculation of weights on decision alternatives, and tabulation of individual votes toward a consensus. One could assess a Social Welfare Function - such as Keeneys - to aggregate individual cardinal preferences or utilities into a group preference. Alternatively, one could use Social Choice Functions - such as Condorcet, Borda, Copeland, and Eigenvector - to aggregate individual ordinal preferences or rankings into a group ranking. This study empirically investigates the consensus between individual preferences and the group preference derived from various aggregation methods.
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Ruiz, Luis Miguel, Jose Luis Graupera, Juan Antonio Moreno et Isabel Rico. « Social Preferences for Learning among Adolescents in Secondary Physical Education ». Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 29, no 1 (janvier 2010) : 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.29.1.3.
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The purpose of the current study was to explore social interaction preferences for learning in Physical Education (PE) among Spanish secondary students. The sample consists of 6,654 students (3,500 girls and 3,154 boys, aged 12–17 years) from public and private urban and rural schools in two communities in Spain. All participants completed the Graupera/Ruiz Scale of Social Interaction Preferences in PE Learning (GR–SIPPEL) which explores four learning preference dimensions: cooperation, competition, affiliation, and individualism. Results indicated that the ordinal profile of students’ preferences in PE classes was: cooperative (very high preference), competitive and affiliate (high-moderate preference), and individualistic (moderate-low preference). Gender differences emerged: girls were less competitive and individualistic than boys, and slightly more cooperative and affiliate. Weak grade level differences were also observed.
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Fishburn, Peter C. « Ordered preference differences without ordered preferences ». Synthese 67, no 2 (mai 1986) : 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00540076.
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Zhou, Yinglian, et Jifeng Chen. « Time Series Geographic Social Network Dynamic Preference Group Query ». International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector 13, no 4 (octobre 2021) : 18–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisss.2021100102.
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Driven by experience and social impact of the new life, user preferences continue to change over time. In order to make up for the shortcomings of existing geographic social network models that often cannot obtain user dynamic preferences, a time-series geographic social network model was constructed to detect user dynamic preferences, a dynamic preference value model was built for user dynamic preference evaluation, and a dynamic preferences group query (DPG) was proposed in this paper . In order to optimize the efficiency of the DPG query algorithm, the UTC-tree index user timing check-in record is designed. UTC-tree avoids traversing all user check-in records in the query, accelerating user dynamic preference evaluation. Finally, the DPG query algorithm is used to implement a well-interacted DPG query system. Through a large number of comparative experiments, the validity of UTC-tree and the scalability of DPG query are verified.
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Kwon, A.-Rong, et Kyung-Soon Lee. « Opinion Bias Detection with Social Preference Learning in Social Data ». International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 9, no 3 (juillet 2013) : 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2013070104.
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In this paper, the authors propose a novel bias detection method based on social preference learning for targets on competing topics such as “GalaxyTab vs. iPad” in Twitter. People tend to evaluate a topic by expressing their opinions towards the associated targets such as price and quality. To exploit characteristics of social data, targets are extracted by a modified HITS algorithm on a tripartite graph. The main contribution is that social preferences are learned with explicit sentiment, latent sentiment as social semantics, and lexical sentiment as contextual semantics on targets of the topic, and that the individual preference is considered together with social preferences for the bias detection of a tweet. Experimental results on Twitter collection show significant improvements over all baseline methods. The results indicate that the method deals with not only the lack of a sentiment lexicon but also social and contextual semantics on targets of social users.
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Radoš, Sonja, Marija Zdraveva et Iris Žeželj. « Status Dynamics in the Classroom : Roma Children’s Implicit and Explicit Preference for Majority Children Across Age Groups ». Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 50, no 4 (14 février 2019) : 577–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022119828498.
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Roma children are often segregated within the Serbian education system: They are disproportionally placed in special schools or put in ethnically homogeneous classrooms. Even in nonsegregated environments, they face everyday discrimination—an 80% dropout rate from elementary school testifies to that. Being a stigmatized minority might contribute to negative social identity, manifested in reversed in-group–out-group preferences. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated (a) if Roma children exhibit implicit/explicit preference for the majority group, and compared their preferences with those of majority children; (b) if these preferences differ in two age groups (second/third and seventh-grade elementary school); and (c) if they relate to academic self-efficacy. A total of 89 children completed the implicit associations test (IAT) test, three measures of explicit ethnic preference (semantic differential, feeling thermometer, and social distance), and a measure of academic self-efficacy. While Serbian children showed consistent explicit and implicit in-group preference, in Roma, we found out-group preferences on both sets of measures. Age-wise, the older group of Roma showed less explicit out-group preferences only in social distance, but not in other measures; the older children showed higher implicit out-group preference (Roma), and slightly lower implicit in-group preference (Serbs), in comparison with the younger. Finally, implicit, but not explicit, out-group preference predicted lower academic self-efficacy in Roma. Our findings demonstrate that out-group preference in Roma children is a robust phenomenon, and that implicit preference is stronger with age. This implies that schooling alone will not reduce negative social identity and that the minority children need to be strategically empowered.
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Hunter, Gary L., et Steven A. Taylor. « The relationship between preference for privacy and social media usage ». Journal of Consumer Marketing 37, no 1 (30 août 2019) : 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-11-2018-2927.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate whether preferences for certain types of privacy predict the frequency and duration of social media usage as well as the moderating role of gender on these relationships. Design/methodology/approach An e-mail-based survey among the faculty, staff and students of a medium-sized mid-western university is used to gather data regarding preferences for privacy and social media usage. Using 530 respondents, structural equation modeling explores the relationship between the various privacy types, gender and social media usage. Findings Evidence supports a relationship between four types of privacy preferences and social media usage. A positive relationship exists between frequency of social media usage and a preference for not neighboring. Duration of social media usage shows a negative relationship with preferences for seclusion and reserve, and surprisingly, a positive relationship with a preference for anonymity. Gender moderates the relationship between preference for privacy and social media usage, offering evidence that intimacy, seclusion and reserve predict social media usage for males, while not neighboring and anonymity predict usage for females. Originality/value The study extends the privacy literature through investigating differential impacts of privacy preferences. The marketing literature examines privacy as a general concept, without allowing for differences in consumers' preferences for types of privacy. Additionally, the study shows that gender moderates the relationship between preferences for privacy and social media usage. A second contribution is investigating the relevance of a scale, developed in an age without social media, to an era permeated in social media.
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Zhang, Tengxiao, et Yunpeng Shi. « Color preference and color meaning in the context of flags ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 48, no 2 (5 février 2020) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8889.
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Researchers have argued that people's general color preferences can readily be generalized to their color preferences for artificial objects. However, although a strong general preference for blue has been documented, recent researchers have reported a preference for red when viewed on national flags. We addressed this inconsistency by examining the flag color preferences of 181 Chinese participants across 3 contexts: own nation, allied nation, and enemy nation. We found that general color preferences did not generalize to flag color preferences, and that preferences varied across the different 3 flag contexts. Participants assessed competitive and affiliative meanings differently in terms of conformity to the most preferred flag colors across contexts, indicating that flags have different color meanings in different contexts. We have contributed to the field of color psychology by demonstrating the effect of the interaction between color and context on people's color preferences.
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Mande, Mande Ande, Lambe Kayode Mustapha, Bahiyah Omar, Maryam Lasisi Mustapha et Ismail Sheikh Yusuf Ahmed. « Social Media Content Preferences and Political Participation among Nigerian Youths ». Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 24, no 1 (1 avril 2022) : 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2022.1.335.
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This study examines the influence of social media content preferences on political participation in Nigeria’s relatively nascent democracy. Due to mixed conclusions on the influence of news and entertainment preferences on political participation, we sampled 434 youths aged 18-35 in a Nigerian northern state, to investigate the differential influence of diverse social media content consumption on political participation. Incorporating the moderating and mediating influences of political efficacy and incidental news exposure, findings confirm that news and entertainment preferences are positive, significant predictors of political participation among respondents. While political efficacy moderated the influence of news preference on political participation, incidental news exposure did not mediate the influence of entertainment preference on political participation. We recommend further investigation into the influence of content preferences on political participation among Nigerian youths who constitute considerable members of the nation’s electorate.
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Liu, Jie, Steven Ludeke, Julia Haubrich, Matthias Gondan–Rochon et Ingo Zettler. « Similar to And/Or Better than Oneself ? Singles’ Ideal Partner Personality Descriptions ». European Journal of Personality 32, no 4 (juillet 2018) : 443–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2159.
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Using the HEXACO Model of Personality, we explored two kinds of ideal partner preferences regarding personality traits, namely, to what extent people prefer partners similar to themselves (similarity preference) and to what extent people prefer partners with more desirable trait levels than themselves (aspirational assortative preference). We conducted five studies (overall N > 900) across four countries (China, Denmark, Germany, and the USA), looking at both HEXACO factors and facets, using both self–report questionnaires and real–life data (personal profiles from a dating website), and comprising both student and more heterogeneous samples. The results provided support for both kinds of ideal partner preferences, with important differences across traits. Specifically, similarity preference was supported by all studies concerning all HEXACO traits, and aspirational assortative preference was supported by all four self–report studies (though not the dating website study) concerning all HEXACO traits except for Openness to Experience. Concerning differences in preferences among the HEXACO traits, similarity preference was particularly pronounced for Honesty–Humility and Openness to Experience, moderate for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, and less pronounced for Emotionality and Extraversion. Aspirational assortative preference, by contrast, was particularly pronounced for Emotionality, Extraversion, and Agreeableness, moderate for Honesty–Humility, and inconsistent for Conscientiousness. © 2018 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Zhang, Chengzhi, Zijing Yue, Qingqing Zhou, Shutian Ma et Zi-Ke Zhang. « Using social media to explore regional cuisine preferences in China ». Online Information Review 43, no 7 (11 novembre 2019) : 1098–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-08-2018-0244.
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Purpose Food plays an important role in every culture around the world. Recently, cuisine preference analysis has become a popular research topic. However, most of these studies are conducted through questionnaires and interviews, which are highly limited by the time, cost and scope of data collection, especially when facing large-scale survey studies. Some researchers have, therefore, attempted to mine cuisine preferences based on online recipes, while this approach cannot reveal food preference from people’s perspective. Today, people are sharing what they eat on social media platforms by posting reviews about the meal, reciting the names of appetizers or entrees, and photographing as well. Such large amount of user-generated contents (UGC) has potential to indicate people’s preferences over different cuisines. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to explore Chinese cuisine preferences among online users of social media. Design/methodology/approach Based on both UGC and online recipes, the authors first investigated the cuisine preference distribution in different regions. Then, dish preference similarity between regions was calculated and few geographic factors were identified, which might lead to such regional similarity appeared in our study. By applying hierarchical clustering, the authors clustered regions based on dish preference and ingredient usage separately. Findings Experimental results show that, among 20 types of traditional Chinese cuisines, Sichuan cuisine is most favored across all regions in China. Geographical proximity is the more closely related to differences of regional dish preference than climate proximity. Originality/value Different from traditional definitions of regions to which cuisine belong, the authors found new association between region and cuisine based on dish preference from social media and ingredient usage of dishes. Using social media may overcome problems with using traditional questionnaires, such as high costs and long cycle for questionnaire design and answering.
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Delsing, Marc J. M. H., Tom F. M. ter Bogt, Rutger C. M. E. Engels et Wim H. J. Meeus. « Adolescents' music preferences and personality characteristics ». European Journal of Personality 22, no 2 (mars 2008) : 109–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.665.
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The present paper examined the structure of Dutch adolescents' music preferences, the stability of music preferences and the relations between Big‐Five personality characteristics and (changes in) music preferences. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of music‐preference data from 2334 adolescents aged 12–19 revealed four clearly interpretable music‐preference dimensions: Rock, Elite, Urban and Pop/Dance. One thousand and forty‐four randomly selected adolescents from the original sample filled out questionnaires on music preferences and personality at three follow‐up measurements. In addition to being relatively stable over 1, 2 and 3‐year intervals, music preferences were found to be consistently related to personality characteristics, generally confirming prior research in the United States. Personality characteristics were also found to predict changes in music preferences over a 3‐year interval. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Brandts, Jordi, et Enrique Fatas. « The puzzle of social preferences ». Revista Internacional de Sociología 70, Extra_1 (1 mars 2012) : 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ris.2011.09.03.
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Ariwangsa, I. Wayan, et Luh Putu Mahyuni. « PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, KEPUASAN NASABAH, CITRA PERUSAHAAN, DAN EKUITAS MEREK TERHADAP PREFERENSI MEREK BANK BPD BALI ». Jurnal Muara Ilmu Ekonomi dan Bisnis 3, no 2 (30 octobre 2019) : 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmieb.v3i2.7098.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menawarkan dan menguji secara empiris model yang menjelaskan hubungan antara corporate social responsibility (CSR), kepuasan nasabah, citra perusahaan, ekuitas merek, dan tingkat preferensi merek bank. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dengan metode accidental sampling. Data dari 100 responden kemudian dianalisis dengan structural equation modelling (SEM) untuk menguji hipotesis. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa CSR, kepuasan nasabah, citra perusahaan dan ekuitas merek mampu menjelaskan sebanyak 83,5% dari variasi preferensi merek. Model penelitian ini juga telah memenuhi seluruh kriteria goodness of fit index sebagai model yang baik. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti empiris bahwa praktik CSR yang baik memberikan pengaruh positif bagi upaya peningkatan kepuasan nasabah, citra perusahaan, ekuitas merek, dan preferensi merek bank. Sosialisasi atas praktik CSR dengan cara yang tepat dan melalui media yang tepat akan dapat mengoptimalkan manfaat CSR bagi upaya peningkatan reputasi bank dan preferensi merek bank. Penelitian ini juga memberikan bukti empiris akan adanya pengaruh positif signifikan antara kepuasan nasabah dan citra perusahaan, kepuasan nasabah dan preferensi merek, citra perusahaan dengan ekuitas merek, citra perusahaan dengan preferensi merek, dan pengaruh positif signifikan antara ekuitas merek dengan preferensi merek. Penelitian berikutnya dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan sampel beberapa bank untuk dapat menguji lebih jauh kehandalan model yang ditawarkan dalam penelitian ini. This study aims at offering and empirically testing a model explaining relationships between corporate social responsibility (CSR), customer’s satisfaction, brand image, brand equity, and brand preference. Data was collected using questionnaire. As many as 100 datasets were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) to test the hypotheses. This study indicates that CSR, customer’s satisfaction, brand image, and brand equity could explain 83,5% of the variation of brand preference. The model of this study has met all criteria of goodness of fit index as a good model. This study provides empirical evidence of the benefits of CSR in increasing customer’s satisfaction, brand image, brand equity, and brand preference. Disclosure of CSR practices using proper approach and right channels will optimalize the benefits of CSR in increasing bank reputation and brand preference. This study also provides empirical evidence of the significant positive influence of customer’s satisfaction on brand image, customer’s satisfaction on brand preference, brand image on brand equity, brand image on brand preference, and significant positive influence of brand equity on brand preference. Future research could further test the robustness of this model by using data collected from various banks.
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DeVries, A. Courtney, Camron L. Johnson et C. Sue Carter. « Familiarity and gender influence social preferences in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) ». Canadian Journal of Zoology 75, no 2 (1 février 1997) : 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z97-037.
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The physiological mechanisms influencing group cohesion and social preferences are largely unstudied in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). In nature, prairie vole family groups usually consist of an adult male and female breeding pair, one or more litters of their offspring, and occasionally unrelated adults. Pair bonds, defined by heterosexual preferences, develop in male and female prairie voles following cohabitation or mating. However, social preferences between members of the same sex also may be important to the maintenance of communal groups. In the present study we compared the development of social preferences for conspecific strangers of the same sex versus preferences for the opposite sex, and examined the effect of the gonadal status of the stimulus animal on initial social preference. The present study revealed that reproductively naive males, but not females, showed initial preferences for partners of the opposite sex. In both sexes preferences for the opposite sex were not influenced by the presence or absence of gonadal hormones. Heterosexual and same-sex preferences for a familiar individual formed following 24 h of nonsexual cohabitation in both males and females. Male and female same-sex preferences, however, were no longer stable when the stranger in the preference test was of the opposite sex to the experimental animal. The development of same-sex preferences may help to maintain group cohesion, but same-sex preferences formed by cohabitation do not withstand the challenge of an opposite-sex stranger.
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High, Andrew C., et Emily M. Buehler. « Receiving supportive communication from Facebook friends : A model of social ties and supportive communication in social network sites ». Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 36, no 3 (15 décembre 2017) : 719–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407517742978.
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This study distinguishes perceptions of, preferences for, and outcomes related to people’s social ties online. It expands understanding of when and why using social network sites (SNSs) provides people with several types of supportive communication by integrating users’ social capital and preference for weak tie support. Prior research is synthesized and extended to build a heuristic model of social ties and supportive communication in SNSs that considers network-based variables (i.e., social capital, preference for weak ties) as mechanisms that link the use of SNSs to the supportive messages people receive. A community sample ( N = 553) completed an online questionnaire. Results indicated that intensity of Facebook use corresponds with both social capital and received support. Moreover, social capital mediates and preference for weak ties moderates the relationship between using Facebook and receiving support, and results differ according to the types of social capital and support under consideration. Facebook use, for example, only corresponds with receiving informational and esteem support when users exhibit sufficient preferences for weak tie support.
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Lee, Hye Eun, Hee Sun Park, Tai Sik Lee et Dong Wook Lee. « RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LMX AND SUBORDINATES' FEEDBACK-SEEKING BEHAVIORS ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 35, no 5 (1 janvier 2007) : 659–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2007.35.5.659.
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Relationships among subordinates' feedback-seeking strategy preferences, Leader-Member Exchange (LMX), social cost, and source credibility were examined. Employees (N = 134) of civil engineering companies in South Korea completed a questionnaire. Findings showed that LMX quality, social cost, and source credibility either independently or jointly influenced subordinates' feedback-seeking strategy preferences. LMX was positively related to preference for using direct strategies, but not significantly related to preferences for using indirect strategies and for using third-party strategies. As moderators, increases in social cost and source credibility were associated with changes in the relationship between LMX and preference for third-party strategies. More detailed explanations and implications of these findings are discussed.
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Gan, Mingxin, et Ling Gao. « Discovering Memory-Based Preferences for POI Recommendation in Location-Based Social Networks ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no 6 (14 juin 2019) : 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8060279.
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Point-of-interest (POI) recommendations in location-based social networks (LBSNs) allow online users to discover various POIs for social activities occurring in the near future close to their current locations. Research has verified that people’s preferences regarding POIs are significantly affected by various internal and external contextual factors, which are therefore worth extensive study for POI recommendation. However, although psychological effects have also been demonstrated to be significantly correlated with an individual’s preferences, such effects have been largely ignored in previous studies on POI recommendation. For this paper, inspired by the famous memory theory in psychology, we were interested in whether memory-based preferences could be derived from users’ check-in data. Furthermore, we investigated how to incorporate these memory-based preferences into an effective POI recommendation scheme. Consequently, we refer to Ebbinghaus’s theory on memory, which describes the attenuation of an individual’s memory in the form of a forgetting curve over time. We first created a memory-based POI preference attenuation model and then adopted it to evaluate individuals’ check-ins. Next, we employed the memory-based values of check-ins to calculate the POI preference similarity between users in an LBSN. Finally, based on this memory-based preference similarity, we developed a novel POI recommendation method. We experimentally evaluated the proposed method on a real LBSN data set crawled from Foursquare. The results demonstrate that our method, which incorporates the proposed memory-based preference similarity for POI recommendation, significantly outperforms other methods. In addition, we found the best value of the parameter H in the memory-based preference model that optimizes the recommendation performance. This value of H implies that an individual’s memory usually has an effect on their daily travel choices for approximately 300 days.
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Meng, Qingfeng, Zhen Li, Jianguo Du, Huimin Liu et Xiang Ding. « Negotiation for Time Optimization in Construction Projects with Competitive and Social Welfare Preferences ». Complexity 2019 (1 janvier 2019) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3269025.
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Construction time optimization is affected greatly by the negotiation between owners and contractors, whose progress is dictated by their desire to maximize system revenues. This paper builds an agent-based model and designs an experimental scenario in which the contractor has competitive and social welfare preferences relevant to the Chinese context; we subdivide competitive preference into greed and jealousy components and subdivide social welfare preference into generosity and sympathy components. We analyze the impacts of these different contractor preferences on the revenue-sharing coefficient, negotiation success rate, and negotiation time when negotiation reaches agreement. The results show that the jealousy component of competitive preference has an important influence on improving the income of the subject, while the greed component does not significantly enhance the revenue-sharing coefficient. The sympathy component of social welfare preference does not have an influence on the revenue-sharing coefficient no matter the strength of the generosity component. Increasing the greed component of competitive preference will lead to the extension of negotiation time and, to a certain extent, to the reduction of the negotiation success rate; the sympathy component of social welfare preference does not have an influence on negotiation time no matter the strength of the generosity preference.
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Luo, Jianhong, Xuwei Pan, Shixiong Wang et Yujing Huang. « Identifying target audience on enterprise social network ». Industrial Management & ; Data Systems 119, no 1 (4 février 2019) : 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-01-2018-0007.
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Purpose Delivering messages and information to potentially interested users is one of the distinguishing applications of online enterprise social network (ESN). The purpose of this paper is to provide insights to better understand the repost preferences of users and provide personalized information service in enterprise social media marketing. Design/methodology/approach It is accomplished by constructing a target audience identification framework. Repost preference latent Dirichlet allocation (RPLDA) topic model topic model is proposed to understand the mass user online repost preferences toward different contents. A topic-oriented preference metric is proposed to measure the preference degree of individual users. And the function of reposting forecasting is formulated to identify target audience. Findings The empirical research shows the following: a total of 20 percent of the repost users in ESN represent the key active users who are particularly interested in the latent topic of messages in ESN and fits Pareto distribution; and the target audience identification framework can successfully identify different target key users for messages with different latent topics. Practical implications The findings should motivate marketing managers to improve enterprise brand by identifying key target audience in ESN and marketing in a way that truthfully reflects personalized preferences. Originality/value This study runs counter to most current business practices, which tend to use simple popularity to seek important users. Adaptively and dynamically identifying target audience appears to have considerable potential, especially in the rapidly growing area of enterprise social media information service.
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Chen, Tinggui, Qianqian Li, Peihua Fu, Jianjun Yang, Chonghuan Xu, Guodong Cong et Gongfa Li. « Public Opinion Polarization by Individual Revenue from the Social Preference Theory ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no 3 (4 février 2020) : 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030946.
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Social conflicts occur frequently during the social transition period and the polarization of public opinion happens occasionally. By introducing the social preference theory, the target of this paper is to reveal the micro-interaction mechanism of public opinion polarization. Firstly, we divide the social preferences of Internet users (network nodes) into three categories: egoistic, altruistic, and fair preferences, and adopt the revenue function to define the benefits obtained by individuals with different preferences among their interaction process so as to analyze their decision-making behaviors driven by the revenue. Secondly, the revenue function is used to judge the exit rules of nodes in a network, and then a dynamic network of spreading public opinion with the node (individual) exit mechanism is built based on a BA scale-free network. Subsequently, the influences of different social preferences, as well as individual revenue on the effect of public opinion polarization, are analyzed through simulation experiments. The simulation results show that (1) Different social preferences demonstrate different influences on the evolution of public opinions, (2) Individuals tend to interact with ones with different preferences, (3) The network with a single preference or a high aggregation is more likely to form public opinion polarization. Finally, the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed model are verified by a real case.
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Zhang, Lingshan, Hongyi Wang, Anthony J. Lee, Lisa M. DeBruine et Benedict C. Jones. « Chinese and UK participants' preferences for physical attractiveness and social status in potential mates ». Royal Society Open Science 6, no 11 (novembre 2019) : 181243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181243.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Men are hypothesized to show stronger preferences for physical attractiveness in potential mates than women are, particularly when assessing the attractiveness of potential mates for short-term relationships. By contrast, women are thought to show stronger preferences for social status in potential mates than men are, particularly when assessing the attractiveness of potential mates for long-term relationships. These mate-preference sex differences are often claimed to be ‘universal' (i.e. stable across cultures). Consequently, we used an established ‘budget-allocation' task to investigate Chinese and UK participants' preferences for physical attractiveness and social status in potential mates. Confirmatory analyses replicated these sex differences in both samples, consistent with the suggestion that they occur in diverse cultures. However, confirmatory analyses also showed that Chinese women had stronger preferences for social status than UK women did, suggesting cultural differences in the magnitude of mate-preference sex differences can also occur.
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Shi, Yancui, Jianhua Cao, Congcong Xiong et Xiankun Zhang. « A Prediction Method of Mobile User Preference Based on the Influence between Users ». International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 2018 (19 juillet 2018) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8081409.
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User preference will be impacted by other users. To accurately predict mobile user preference, the influence between users is introduced into the prediction model of user preference. First, the mobile social network is constructed according to the interaction behavior of the mobile user, and the influence of the user is calculated according to the topology of the constructed mobile social network and mobile user behavior. Second, the influence between users is calculated according to the user’s influence, the interaction behavior between users, and the similarity of user preferences. When calculating the influence based on the interaction behavior, the context information is considered; the context information and the order of user preferences are considered when calculating the influence based on the similarity of user preferences. The improved collaborative filtering method is then employed to predict mobile user preferences based on the obtained influence between users. Finally, the experiment is executed on the real data set and the integrated data set, and the results show that the proposed method can obtain more accurate mobile user preferences than those of existing methods.
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Leijen, Ingmar, et Hester van Herk. « Health and Culture : The Association between Healthcare Preferences for Non-Acute Conditions, Human Values and Social Norms ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no 23 (4 décembre 2021) : 12808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312808.
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Preference for professional vs. non-professional or informal healthcare for non-acute medical situations influences healthcare use and varies strongly across countries. Important individual and country-level drivers of these preferences may be human values (the fundamental values that individuals hold and guide their behavior) and country-level characteristics such as social tightness (societal pressure for “acceptable” behavior). The aim of this study was to examine the relation of these individual and country-level characteristics with healthcare preferences. We examined European Social Survey data from 23,312 individuals in 16 European countries, using a multi-level, random effect approach, including individual and country-level factors. Healthcare preferences were explained by both human values (i.e., Schwartz values) and societal tightness (i.e., tightness-looseness scores by Gelfand). Stronger conservation increased, whereas self-transcendence and openness to change decreased preference for professional healthcare. In socially tight countries, we found a higher preference for professional healthcare. Furthermore, we found interactions between social tightness and human values. These results suggest that professional healthcare preference is related to both people’s values and societal tightness. This improved understanding is useful for both predicting and channeling healthcare seeking behavior across and within nations.
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Walsh, Mary Barbara. « Feminism, Adaptive Preferences, and Social Contract Theory ». Hypatia 30, no 4 (2015) : 829–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hypa.12175.
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Feminists have long been aware of the pathology and the dangers of what are now termed “adaptive preferences.” Adaptive preferences are preferences formed in unconscious response to oppression. Thinkers from each wave of feminism continue to confront the problem of women's internalization of their own oppression, that is, the problem of women forming their preferences within the confining and deforming space that patriarchy provides. All preferences are, in fact, formed in response to a (more or less) limited set of options, but not all preferences are unconscious, pathological responses to oppression. Feminist theory therefore requires a method for distinguishing all preferences from adaptive or deformed preferences. Social contract theory provides such a tool. Social contract theory models autonomous preference‐acquisition and retention at both the external level of causation and the internal level of justification. In doing so, social contract theory exposes preferences that do not meet those standards, acting as both a conceptual test that identifies adaptive preferences and as a practical tool for personal and social clarification. A social contract approach helps persons and societies to identify and to confront preferences rooted in unconscious response to oppression.
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Fleurbaey, Marc, et Martin Van der Linden. « Fair Social Ordering, Egalitarianism, and Animal Welfare ». American Economic Journal : Microeconomics 13, no 4 (1 novembre 2021) : 466–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20190091.
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We study fairness in economies where humans consume one private good and one public good representing the welfare of other species. We show that a social evaluator cannot be egalitarian with respect to humans while always respecting humans’ unanimous preferences. One solution is to respect unanimous preferences only when doing so does not lead to a decrease in the welfare of other species. Social preferences satisfying these properties reveal surprising connections between concerns for other species, egalitarianism among humans, and unanimity: the latter two imply a form of dictatorship from humans with the strongest preference for the welfare of other species. (JEL D11, D63, H41)
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Anderson, Elizabeth. « Symposium on Amartya Sen's philosophy : 2 Unstrapping the straitjacket of ‘preference’ : a comment on Amartya Sen's contributions to philosophy and economics ». Economics and Philosophy 17, no 1 (avril 2001) : 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267101000128.
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The concept of preference dominates economic theory today. It performs a triple duty for economists, grounding their theories of individual behavior, welfare, and rationality. Microeconomic theory assumes that individuals act so as to maximize their utility – that is, to maximize the degree to which their preferences are satisfied. Welfare economics defines individual welfare in terms of preference satisfaction or utility, and social welfare as a function of individual preferences. Finally, economists assume that the rational act is the act that maximally satisfies an individual's preferences. The habit of framing problems in terms of the concept of preference is now so entrenched that economists rarely entertain alternatives.
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Romadhon, Julkhaidar, Muhammad Yazid, Andy Mulyana et Yunita. « Social demographic factors influencing consumer's preferences on rice attributes in Indonesia : a multinomial logistic approach ». Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 15 (28 mars 2021) : 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1526.
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This study assessed factors influencing consumer's preferences on rice attributes in Indonesia using data collected from a sample of 329 consumers in South Sumatra Province in Indonesia. This study used two variables such as independent variables and dependent variables. Independent variables as a predictor of attributes of consumer preferences include social-demographic variables. On another side, dependent variables include attributes of rice-based on the preferences of the consumer. Social demographic factors such as gender, age, number of families, occupation, education, and income are mentioned to influence consumer's preference for rice. Rice attributes such as small broken, chalky grains, higher broken, varieties, family reference, friend reference, suppliers, advertisement, foreign object, residue, packaging, brand, volume expansion, head rice, flavor, aroma soft texture, durability, and whiteness. This study employed the multinomial logistic regression analysis to examine the effects of these variables on rice preference. This study revealed that among household characteristics that influence consumers' preference for rice attributes were household income and the type of occupation of the household head.
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Jensen, Keith. « Social preference experiments in animals : Strengthening the case for human preferences ». Behavioral and Brain Sciences 35, no 1 (31 janvier 2012) : 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x11001269.
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AbstractGuala appears to take social preferences for granted in his discussion of reciprocity experiments. While he does not overtly claim that social preferences are only by-products that arise in testing environments, he does assert that whatever they are – and how they evolved – they have little value in the real world. Experiments on animals suggest that social preferences may be unique to humans, supporting the idea that they might play a prominent role in our world.
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Majeed, Abdul, Yao Wang, Muniba et Mollah Aminul Islam. « The Impact of Social Preferences on Supply Chain Performance : An Application of the Game Theory Model ». Complexity 2023 (23 février 2023) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/4911514.
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Traditional supply chain literature on contracting only considers agents’ economic motivation. Nowadays, with the development of behavioral economics, social preference theory has been widely used in supply chain research. These social preferences are distinct from economic motivation and will influence agents’ behaviors in the supply chain. Agents will make decisions based on not only self-interests but also the interests of others, reciprocity, and fairness. This paper introduces the relationship and status preferences in the utility function. We aim to analyze the impact of social preference on individual competition intensity in the supply chain. A Stackelberg game model (tacit collusion) is used as the theoretical framework of the choice behavior between competition and cooperation. The theoretical results and numerical simulation analysis show that under some conditions, suppliers and retailers who take the social preference factors into account can realize multiple-stage channel coordination through revenue sharing. Moreover, social preference factors will influence the choice behavior of agents in competition and cooperation. Specifically, the relationship preference promotes close cooperation among enterprises and significantly improves the supply chain and individual performance. Status preference causes fierce competition among enterprises and adversely affects supply chain performance and individual performance, making it more unstable. These findings can provide useful insights for supply chain coordination.
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LEHNERT, THOMAS, MAX HEUCHERT, KATHARINA HUSSAIN et HANS-HELMUT KÖNIG. « Stated preferences for long-term care : a literature review ». Ageing and Society 39, no 9 (17 avril 2018) : 1873–913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x18000314.
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ABSTRACTPerson-centred provision of long-term care (LTC) requires information on how individuals value respective LTC services. The literature on LTC preferences has not been comprehensively reviewed, existing summaries are contradictory. An explorative, scoping review was conducted to provide a thorough methodological description and results synthesis of studies that empirically investigated LTC preference outcomes based on respondents’ statements. A wide search strategy, with 18 key terms relating to ‘LTC’ and 31 to ‘preferences’, was developed. Database searches in PubMed, Ovid and ScienceDirect were conducted in February 2016. The 59 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were grouped and methodically described based on preference elicitation techniques and methods. Despite substantial methodological heterogeneity between studies, certain findings consistently emerged for the investigated LTC preference outcomes. The large majority of respondents preferred to receive LTC in their known physical and social environment when care needs were moderate, but residential care when care needs were extensive. Preferences were found to depend on a variety of personal, environmental, social and cultural aspects. Dependent individuals aspired to preserve their personal and social identity, self-image, independence, autonomy, control and dignity, which suggests that LTC preferences are a function of the perceived ability of a specific LTC arrangement to satisfy peoples’ basic physiological and mental/social needs. Research on LTC preferences would greatly profit from a standardisation of respective concepts and methods.
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Ivanova, Natalia, Anastasiia Volkova et Olga Patosha. « THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL IDENTITY AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOR ». DIEM : Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting 7, no 1 (février 2022) : 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/diem/2022/1.8.
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The article demonstrates the results of the study of the relationship between the characteristics of social identity and consumer preferences when choosing products of domestic manufacturers. In the context of the growing role of the economic environment, there is an increasing interest in understanding the role of socio-psychological mechanisms of consumer behavior. It is relevant to study the relationship between the components of social identity and the features of its consumer behavior when making decisions about goods. The paper examines the relationship between the cognitive and value components of social identity and consumer preferences of a person when choosing domestic goods. The sample consisted of 62 people aged 20 to 55 years (M = 33.06; SD = 9.73). As research methods, were used open and projective questions, the methods of" Who am I "by M. Kuhn, T. McPartland, and a modification of the" Must-test " method by P. N. Ivanov to study the value component. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using correlation-search factor analysis using the statistical package SPSS 19. The relationship between the indicators of identity and consumer preferences in relation to the "attached" characteristics of goods that are of particular importance to a person is revealed. Preference for goods produced by domestic producers is positively associated with civic, ethical, religious, and patriotic characteristics of identity, and negatively with material values. Thus, the relationship between cognitive and value indicators of social identity and consumer preferences of the individual is revealed.
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Rubo, Marius, Ivo Käthner et Simone Munsch. « Attention to faces in images is associated with personality and psychopathology ». PLOS ONE 18, no 2 (15 février 2023) : e0280427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280427.
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Humans show a robust tendency to look at faces in images, but also differ consistently in the strength of this attentional preference. Previous research remained inconclusive as to how a stronger face preference may be indicative of an individual’s personality or clinical characteristics. Here we investigated face preferences in 120 participants (primarily drawn from a student population) who freely viewed photos in an internet browser showing a person in the context of a visually rich environment while attention was assessed using a cursor-based technique. Participants differed consistently in the strength of their face preference across images. A stronger preference for faces was correlated positively with openness to experience, extraversion, agreeableness and empathizing and was correlated negatively with social anxiety, depression levels and alexithymia. Trait measures were linked through a strong common factor which was additionally correlated with face preference. We conclude that face preferences may be linked to personality traits and to psychopathology but that an attribution to a specific facet of psychopathology may not be warranted. Future research should investigate links between face preferences and personality features in more diverse samples and across differing social situations.
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Shepherd, Daniel, et Nicola Sigg. « Music Preference, Social Identity, and Self-Esteem ». Music Perception 32, no 5 (1 juin 2015) : 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2015.32.5.507.
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Social identity theory posits that membership to social groups serves to enhance and maintain self-esteem. In young people music plays a prominent role in defining social identity, and so a relationship between music preference and self-esteem is expected, but is as yet unconfirmed by the literature. The objective of this study was to further examine the association between music preference and the self-esteem, and to apply social identity theory to differences in music preferences and self-esteem. The present study measured self-esteem from university students (n = 199) using Rosenberg’s (1965) self-esteem scale, and employed confirmatory factor analysis to derive a representative model of the self-esteem data. Music preference scores for clusters of music genres were found to significantly correlate with self-esteem. Furthermore, some measures of group differentiation based on music preference were significantly associated with self-esteem, but the relationships differed depending on gender. Overall, the results provided both support and challenges for social identity theory.
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Mawaza, Jayyidan Falakhi, et Abdussatar Khalil. « Masalah Sosial dan Kebijakan Publik di Indonesia (Studi Kasus UU ITE No. 19 Tahun 2016) ». Journal of Governance Innovation 2, no 1 (17 mars 2020) : 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36636/jogiv.v2i1.386.
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Abstrak
This article aims to know and analyze the policy of ITE Law No. 19 of 2016, which has two preferences in the formulation of strategic and political preferences. A good policy comes from social issues that are perceived by many communities and not of individual problems. Public policy is made to resolve social issues not to add or create new problems. Strategic preference in the formulation of this law departs from the problem of many crimes in the form of fraud and evasion by using electronic media. Strategic preference to see this law is passed to address the issue. While political preferences look different about the emergence of this law. The political preference to see the emergence of this law is not separated from the interests of actors who have authority in the making of this law. The actor who has that interest is the ruler. With this law, the ruler is increasingly in limiting and criminalizing the right to freedom of community opinion. This article specifically wants to see the extent of the tension of both preferences.
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Amit, Elinor, Cheryl Wakslak et Yaacov Trope. « The Use of Visual and Verbal Means of Communication Across Psychological Distance ». Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 39, no 1 (4 octobre 2012) : 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167212460282.
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The current study investigated the effect of distance on medium preferences in interpersonal communication. Five experiments showed that people’s preference for using pictures (vs. words) is increasingly higher when communicating with temporally, socially, or geographically proximal (vs. distal) others. In contrast, preference for words is increasingly higher when communicating with those who were distal. A sixth experiment showed that communication’s medium influences distance preferences, such that people’s preference for communicating a message to a distant (vs. proximal) target is greater for verbal compared with pictorial communications. A seventh experiment showed that recipients are more likely to heed a sender’s suggestions when the medium and distance are congruent. These findings reflect the suitability of pictures for communication with proximal others and words with distal others. Implications of these findings for construal-level theory, perspective taking, embodied cognition, the development of language, and social skills with children are discussed.
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Wang, Siyuan, Stephen Nicholas, Elizabeth Maitland et Anli Leng. « Individual Preferences for COVID-19 Vaccination under the China’s 2021 National Vaccination Policy : A Discrete Choice Experiment Study ». Vaccines 10, no 4 (31 mars 2022) : 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10040543.
Texte intégralRésumé :
(1) Background: Since China’s national vaccination policy announcement in January 2021, individual vaccination preferences related to vaccine characteristics, social relationships, sociodemographic characteristics and cognition remain opaque. This study aims to investigate vaccination preferences regarding these attributes, and to assess changes in individual vaccine preferences since the pre-2021 emergency vaccination phase. (2) Methods: The two-part questionnaire surveyed 849 individuals between May and June 2021 in Qingdao, China. The survey contained eight binary choice tasks that investigated preference trade-offs. Respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, including age, sex, urban/rural residence, income, education and whether living with the young or old, were also collected. Conditional logit, mixed logit and latent class models were used to quantify preference utility and identify preference heterogeneity. (3) Results: Vaccine effectiveness, vaccine side effects, duration of protection and probability of infection all significantly affected vaccination utility. Preference heterogeneity based on individual social relationships and sociodemographic characteristics were also established. Marginal analysis showed that compared to the pre-2021 phase, individuals’ preferences had shifted towards vaccines with longer protection periods and better accessibility. (4) Conclusion: This study will inform the full rollout of China’s 2021 national vaccination program and provide valuable information for future vaccination policy design to meet resurgent COVID-19 risks.
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Mitchell, Phoebe B., Sonja I. Ziniel, Sarah K. Savage, Kurt D. Christensen, Elissa R. Weitzman, Robert C. Green, Noelle L. Huntington, Debra J. Mathews et Ingrid A. Holm. « Enhancing Autonomy in Biobank Decisions : Too Much of a Good Thing ? » Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics 13, no 2 (23 février 2018) : 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1556264617753483.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The opportunity to receive individual research results (IRRs) in accordance with personal preferences may incentivize biobank participation and maximize perceived benefit. This trial investigated the relationship between parents’ preferences and intent to participate (ITP) in biobank research utilizing their child’s genetic information. We randomized parents of pediatric patients to four hypothetical biobanks, one of which employed a preference-setting model for return of results regarding their child. ITP was highest among those desiring all types of IRRs (93.3%) and decreased as participants became increasingly selective with their preferences ( p < .0001). We demonstrated that most parents would participate in a biobank that allows for preference setting; however, those who set preferences to receive a narrower set of IRRs are less likely to participate.
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Lohrmann-O'Rourke, Sharon, Diane M. Browder et Fredda Brown. « Guidelines for Conducting Socially Valid Systematic Preference Assessments ». Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 25, no 1 (mars 2000) : 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2511/rpsd.25.1.42.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Systematic preference assessment is the process of presenting sampling trials and observing the person's response. The response to those items is then interpreted as an indicator of preference. The empirical research on systematic preference assessment has greatly advanced the field's understanding of how to identify the preferences of individuals with nonsymbolic and limited symbolic communication skills. The purpose of this paper is to translate this research into guidelines for planning systematic preference assessments that strive to reduce the risk of missing or misinterpreting the person's preferences, as well as increase the social validity of the process and outcomes. We present four guiding questions for practitioners to plan preference assessments: (a) What will be offered? (b) When and where will sampling opportunities take place? (c) Who will present the sampling options? and (d) How will sampling options be presented?
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Kim, Jihyo, et Suhyeon Nam. « Do Household Time, Risk, and Social Preferences Affect Home Energy Retrofit Decisions in Korea ? » Sustainability 13, no 8 (8 avril 2021) : 4152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084152.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Paying attention to impacts of behavioral factor on energy efficiency (EE) investments, this study attempts to identify preference characteristics affecting EE investments. We model households’ EE investments with time, risk, and social preferences, conduct a survey, and empirically examine the effects of the preference characteristics on home energy retrofit decisions in Korea. We find that the research hypotheses for risk and social preferences that we are derived from the model are supported while those for time preference are partially supported. The results are summarized as follows. First, respondents who discount the future more heavily are less likely to plan a home energy retrofit. Second, very risk-averse respondents are less likely to have experienced a home energy retrofit and very risk-seeking ones are more likely to plan a home energy retrofit. Third, those seriously concerned about environmental issues or who strongly respond to moral norms are likely to have experienced or plan a home energy retrofit.
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Christensen, Kurt D., Sarah K. Savage, Noelle L. Huntington, Elissa R. Weitzman, Sonja I. Ziniel, Phoebe L. Bacon, Cara N. Cacioppo, Robert C. Green et Ingrid A. Holm. « Preferences for the Return of Individual Results From Research on Pediatric Biobank Samples ». Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics 12, no 2 (avril 2017) : 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1556264617697839.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Discussions about disclosing individual genetic research results include calls to consider participants’ preferences. In this study, parents of Boston Children’s Hospital patients set preferences for disclosure based on disease preventability and severity, and could exclude mental health, developmental, childhood degenerative, and adult-onset disorders. Participants reviewed hypothetical reports and reset preferences, if desired. Among 661 participants who initially wanted all results (64%), 1% reset preferences. Among 336 participants who initially excluded at least one category (36%), 38% reset preferences. Participants who reset preferences added 0.9 categories, on average; and their mean satisfaction on 0 to 10 scales increased from 4.7 to 7.2 ( p < .001). Only 2% reduced the number of categories they wanted disclosed. Findings demonstrate the benefits of providing examples of preference options and the tendency of participants to want results disclosed. Findings also suggest that preference-setting models that do not provide specific examples of results could underestimate participants’ desires for information.