Thèses : « Pre and post marger period »

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Bhutia, Karma Samten. « Socio-economic and political status of the bhutias in Sikkim since 1975 : change and continuity ». Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2022. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/5099.

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Torn, Alison. « Madness and narrative understanding : a comparison of two female firsthand narratives of madness in the pre and post enlightenment periods ». Thesis, University of Bradford, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3352.

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This study uses a narrative analytic approach to explore the similarities and differences between pre-Enlightenment and post-Enlightenment firsthand accounts of madness in order to answer the question; what is the relationship between madness, narrative, understanding, identity and recovery? Drawing on the work of Foucault, the research traces the historical and cultural development of conceptualisations of reason and unreason, the rise of psychiatry and the marginalisation of the voice of madness. I argue that this marginalisation is continued in narrative research where the focus is on the stories of the physically ill, rather than madness. The narrative method provides a means of giving space to these marginalised voices and it is Bakhtin's constructs of dialogicism, polyphony, unfinalizability and the chronotope that provide the tools for the narrative analysis of two female English writers; Margery Kempe and Mary Barnes. The analysis highlights three critical issues in relation to firsthand narratives of madness. First, the blurred boundaries between madness and mysticism and the role of metaphor in understanding distressing experiences. Second, the complex, multi-dimensional nature of subjective timespace that challenges the linear assumptions underlying both narrative and recovery, which, I argue, demands a radical reconceptualisation of both constructs. Third, the liminal social positioning within the analysed accounts is closely related to Bakhtin's notion of unfinalizability, a form of being that enables the search for meaning and the transformation of the self. Insights can be gained from this research that may place stories and understanding central in contemporary healthcare.

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Slabbert, Natalie Celeste. « The strategic significance of South Africa in the pre-and immediate post-Cold War period ». Pretoria : [S.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08022006-122056.

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Capra, Yves. « Formation of Threat Image and Identity Building in Latvia during the pre- and post-Accession Period to the EU and NATO ». Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Gender, Culture and History, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1146.

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In this thesis, I explore if Latvia has experienced, during the last ten years, a change in identity and threat perception that could allow for the building of a “cooperative security community” in Northern Europe. Recent constructivist researches contend that such change is in progress in neighboring Estonia. This research, performed through a discourse analysis of political elite’s speeches, reveals the presence – explained by the concept of interim inconsequentiality - of two opposite identity/security discourses. I link the first, inclusive, discourse to Latvia’s Western socialization, but not to a change in identity, as I contend that both threat images and identity have been instrumentalized for the sake of the accession strategy. As for the second, exclusionary, discourse that shows a persistent distrust of both Russia and the ethnic Russian minorities, and is the more prevalent in terms of political behavior, I link it to Latvia’s identity as a small ethnic nation vulnerable to external pressures - an identity strengthened during the period by Russia’s behavior. I verify this thesis by exposing the exclusionary discourse’s salience on the EU integration issue. I conclude that the period of reference, far from resolving the security dilemma, has, on the contrary, reinforced it.

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Nguyen, Huong T. D. « Voices in the Shadow of Independence : Vietnamese Opinion on Some National Issues in the Period of 1979–1986 ». Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1275682901.

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Zimba, Anthony Andile. « A descriptive analysis of how primary health care services have developed in the Cape Metropolitan Area from the period : pre-1994 to post-2000 elections ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52632.

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Assignment (MPA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Primary Health Care (PHC) approach is currently receiving tremendous attention worldwide as a mechanism to ensure effective and efficient public health services. The concept has evolved from the Alma Ata conference (1978). Since then many countries began to reorient their health services to achieve the goals of availability, accessibility and affordability of health care for all citizens and a number of management issues came to the forefront. Therefore, the provision of comprehensive PHC services is the key aspect to improving health services. A district health system has been identified as an ideal model for comprehensive PHC services to all the citizens in South Africa. Public health services in the Cape Metropolitan Area are characterised by functional fragmentation. Two public authorities render Primary Health Care services, namely the: Provincial Administration of the Western Cape through CHSO, and the Municipal Health Department. The fragmented nature of the public health services, which result in poor coordination of service delivery between the two health authorities, compromises the quality of service delivery. Historically, PHC services in the Cape Metropolitan Area - and indeed in the whole South Africa - have developed in a skewed manner. This work is an attempt at conceptualising the implications and consequences of this skewed health development. South Africa is presently undergoing fundamental reform, which has brought the PHC into disarray of fundamental change. Since the South African health care system is a highly complex institution, attempts have been made to critically analyse those aspects and features of inequality, inaccessibility, and inequity. Among these is the historical and present development of Cape Metropolitan Area health care and the structural features it assumed with the passing of time, trends and characteristics. In order to examine the theory in practice, the evolvement of PHC in the Cape Metropolitan Area will be analysed. The analysis highlights how different political formations have affected the development of PHC services and points out obstacles and limitations throughout the process, which had to be dealt with. Transformation of the existing health services, based on the principles of PHC, requires the redressing the imbalances of the past. Therefore, the integration of the two health authorities into one entity would best achieve the principles of district health system and will ensure comprehensive PRe.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Primêre Gesondheidsorg benadering geniet tans wereldwyd erkenning as 'n meganisme om doeltreffende openbare gesondheidsdienslewering te versker. Die konsep, wat ontwikkel en gegroei het uit die Alma Ata-konferensie van 1978, is reeds deur verskeie regerings ge-implementeer ten einde die doelwitte van beskikbaarheid, toeganklikheid en bekostigbaarheid van gesondheidsorg vir alle landsburgers te verseker. Die voorsiening van omvattende Primêre Gesondheidsorgdienste word erken as 'n noodsaaklike middelom gesondheidsorg te verbeter. Die Distrikgesondheid-stelsel is geidentifiseer as 'n ideale model vir die implementering van omvattende Primêre Gesondheidsorgdienste in Suid Afrika. Publieke Gesondheidsdienste in die Kaapse Metropolitaanse-gebied word gekenmerk deur die feit dat dit funksioneel gefragmenteer is. Twee publieke owerhede, te wete die Provinsiale Administrasie van die Wes Kaap en die Kaapse Stadsraad lewer Primêre Gesondheidsorgdienste, wat aanleiding gee tot swak koordinering met die gevolg dat dienslewering daaronder ly. Primêre Gesondheidsdienste in die Kaapse Metropolitaansegebied, soos in die res van Suid Afrika, het op 'n onlogiese, skewe manier ontwikkel Hierdie werk is 'n poging om die gevolge en implikasies van die onlogiese, skewe gesondheids-ontwikkeling te konseptualiseer. Daar is gepoog om die uiters gekompliseerde gesondheidsdiens-stelsel in Suid Afrika krities te analiseer met spesifieke verwysing na die kenmenrke van ongelykheid, ontoeganklikheid en onbillikheid. Dit sluit die historiese en huidige ontwikkeling van gesondheidsorg in die Kaapse Metropolitaanse gebied en die strukturele kenmerke in wat deur die loop van jare as gevolg van verskeie invloede en neigings sigbar geraak het. Die ontwikkeling van Primêre Gesondheidsorg in die Kaapse Metropolitaanse-gebied word ge-analiseer ten einde bogenoemde teorie in die praktyk te bevestig. Die analise beklemtoon die invloed van verskillende politieke rolspelers op ,die ontwikkeling van Primêre Gesondheidsorgdienste en bevestig die struikelblokke en beperkings wat deurentyd opgeduik het. Transformasie van gesondheidsdienste soos dit tans daaruit sien, gegrond op die beginsels van Primêre Gesondheidsorg, vereis dat die ongelykhede van die verlede aangespreek word. Die integrasie van die twee gesondheidsdiensowerhede sal die beginsels van die Gesondheidsdistrik-stelsel verwesenlik, wat daartoe sal aanleiding gee dat omvattende Primêre Gesondheidsorg 'n werklikheid word.

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Richardson, Ian. « The dynamics of third dimensional power in detemining a pre-orientation to policymaking : an exploratory study of transitional elite interactions in the post-Cold War period ». Thesis, Cranfield University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3753.

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In the contemporary political setting, the emergence of transnationalism represents a significant challenge to traditional state-centred depictions of international relations and raises many questions concerning its purpose, legitimacy and effects. This study is concerned with one aspect of the transnational debate: the dynamics of power that drive consensus formation within informal, and collaborative, elite transnational networks. Situated in debates related to international relations, political economy, policy science, political sociology and social network theory, this study identifies the role played by transnational elites in articulating, as well as interpreting, structural determinants of policy. In short, transnational elite interactions are responsible, often unconsciously, for the legitimisation of pervasive social constructs within the wider elite community. The process of legitimisation within such settings is highly contested and, as a consequence, power relations are critical to our understanding of eventual consensus. Utilising Steven Lukes’s (1974) third dimensional form of power, this study considers the discrete mechanisms of preference formation at play within transnational elite networks. Exploring processes of socialisation, acculturation, familiarisation and fraternisation within such communities, the complex, and highly personal, demands of elite membership are revealed. The study suggests that these demands have a considerable bearing upon the nature and substance of consensus formation activity within elite networks. It also makes clear, however, that any resulting consensus is far from absolute and highly idiosyncratic. This qualitative study is the first of its kind concerned with the interactions of transnational elites. It reports the findings of interviews conducted with sixteen members of the Atlantic transnational network – arguably the most powerful and interconnected of all transnational networks. In presenting an analysis of the first-hand accounts of these individuals, and exploring the dynamics of power within such a context, this study represents an original contribution to knowledge in the field.

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Teles, Cesar Simas 1974. « Storage of seedless table grapes exposed to high CO2 concentrations for short period followed by controlled atmosphere, associated or not with pre-harvest application of CaCI2 or CIO2 = Conservação de uvas apirências submetidas a curta exposição de altas concentrações de CO2, seguida de armazenamento sob atmosfera controlada, associada ou não à aplicação de CaCI2 ou CIO2 na pré colheita ». [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256783.

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Orientador: Benedito Carlos Benedetti
Texto em português e Inglês
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T16:23:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Teles_CesarSimas_D.pdf: 1939088 bytes, checksum: 585b37a053cde7606fc6da4a9aa803dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: Botrytis cinerea Pers, causador da doença conhecida como mofo cinzento, é o principal problema para a conservação pós-colheita de uvas de mesa. A utilização do dióxido de enxofre (SO2) é a prática pós-colheita mais comum para o controle desta doença. Pesquisas buscam alternativas a este produto devido às reações que causa em pessoas alérgicas, danos que pode causar nos frutos e às restrições ao seu uso em sistemas de produção orgânico. Foram avaliados os efeitos da aplicação de uma atmosfera de 40% de CO2 por 24 ou 48 horas (pré-armazenagem) combinado com armazenagem em atmosfera controlada (AC) (12% O2 + 12% CO2) no controle de B. cinerea, e nos atributos de qualidade de uvas 'Flame Seedless' e 'Crimson Seedless'. Também foram avaliados, em uvas 'Crimson Seedless', e os efeitos da associação deste tratamentos com aplicações pré-colheita de cloreto de cálcio (CaCl2) ou dióxido de cloro (ClO2). Os tratamentos foram aplicados em uvas orgânicas infectadas de três formas: infectadas naturalmente, superficialmente inoculadas com conídios e inoculadas com uma baga coberta de micélio. Uvas 'Flame Seedless', naturalmente infectadas, tratadas com 40% de CO2 por 48 horas + AC apresentaram redução da podridão pós-colheita, de 22% para 0,6%, após 4 semanas, e de 100% para 7,4%, após 7 semanas. O pré-armazenamento em 40% de CO2 sozinho também limitou a incidência de mofo cinzento em frutos infectados naturalmente e em uvas inoculadas artificialmente, porém foi menos eficaz do que quando seguido pelo armazenamento em AC. A aplicação de CaCl2 ou ClO2 em pré-colheita reduziu a incidência do mofo cinzento em uvas 'Crimson Seedless' inoculadas com uma solução de conídios, porém não houve controle quando os cachos de uva foram inoculados com micélio. A aplicação de CaCl2 e ClO2 reduziram o mofo cinzento de 45% para 23,2% e 15.6%, respectivamente, em cachos inoculados com conídios e avaliados após 6 semanas armazenadas 0oC. O pré-tratamento com 40% CO2 + CA não afetou as características físico-químicas e sensoriais de uvas 'Crimson Seedless' ou 'Flame Seedless'. Em experimentos in vitro os tratamentos com 40% CO2 por 24 ou 48 h limitaram o crescimento micelial até 72 horas após o tratamento. A germinação dos conídios de B. cinerea foi retardada por 12h. Os resultados mostram que o pré-tratamento com 40% CO2 + CA possui grande potencial para ser adotado como prática comercial para conservação de uvas orgânicas
Abstract: Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers, is the main postharvest decay of table grapes. The use of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the common post-harvest practice for its control. Several researchers are looking for alternative methods of control, because SO2 can cause allergic reactions, damage fruits and also it cannot be applied in organic production system. In this thesis, it was evaluated the effects of applying an atmosphere of 40% CO2 for 24 or 48 hours (pre-storage) combined with controlled atmosphere storage (CA = 12% O2 + 12% CO2) in the control of B. cinerea, and the effects in the quality and sensory attributes of 'Flame Seedless' and 'Crimson Seedless' table grapes. In addition, it was evaluated the efficacy of CaCl2 or ClO2 application in pre-harvest alone or in combination with pre-storage of 40% CO2 for 24 h + CA, to control gray mold on 'Crimson Seedless' table grapes, and the determination of the impact of these treatments on fruit quality. The treatments were applied in certified organic table grapes naturally infected, surface inoculated and nesting inoculated (inoculated with an infected berry). After 4 weeks of storage, the pre-storage in 40% CO2 for 48 hours + CA reduced postharvest rot from 22% to 0.6%, and after 7 weeks, the decay was reduced from 100% to 7.4% in 'Flame Seedless' naturally infected. The pre-storage in 40% CO2 alone also reduced the incidence of gray mold in fruits naturally infected and in artificially inoculated, but it was less effective than combined treatment. The application of CaCl2 or ClO2 pre-harvest reduced the incidence of gray mold on grapes 'Crimson Seedless' inoculated with a spore solution, but there was no control when fruits were nesting inoculated. After 6 weeks at 0oC, the application of CaCl2, and the ClO2 in fruits surface inoculated, reduced the gray mold from 45% to 23.2% and 15.6%, respectively. The pretreatment with 40% CO2 + CA did not affect quality and nor sensory attributes for both varieties tested. In vitro experiments, the treatment with 40% CO2 for 24 or 48 h limited mycelial growth for at least 72 hours after treatment. Conidial germination of B. cinerea was delayed for 12 hours. Our results showed the potential that pre-treatment with 40% CO2 associated with CA has to be adopted in commercial practice for preservation of organic grapes
Doutorado
Tecnologia Pós-Colheita
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

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Masuno, Taishi, et 桝野泰司. « Changes of pesticide residues during pre- and post harvesting period of domestic rice ». Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23552717881024572316.

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碩士
國立中興大學
農藝學系所
103
Abstract Rice (Oryza sative L.) is the most important crop in the world. With the progress of time, the food safety has become one of the major problems of concern. The experiment used four rice Taiwanese varieties TNG71, TN11, TK9, TK14. Rice plants were sprayed once a mixture pesticide at the ripening stage. After application, grain rice and brown rice were harvested at a different day respectively. The investigation revealed not only pesticide residue but also the appearance of all varieties of grain size characteristics relation with pesticide residue. At the results showed that the appearance of the four rice grains size characteristics and pesticide residues no significant correlation. However, according to the days passed, pesticide residue decline from application day by degree. Then most of decline curve model corresponded to the exponential decay. In addition, from general farmers get grain rice were invested a used pesticide and pesticide residue. On the base of two experiments, these results suggest that the use of appropriate pesticides will be a decrease in pesticide residue in rice.

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Guimarães, Filipa Raquel da Silva Fidalgo. « Physiological distress predicts surgical risk complications : Analysis of heart rate variability in the pre and post-operative period ». Master's thesis, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/83928.

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Slabbert, Natalie Celeste. « The strategic significance of South Africa in the pre-and immediate post-Cold War period : a comparative study ». Diss., 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26937.

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The aim of this dissertation is a comparative study of South Africa's strategic significance in two distinct periods, namely, from approximately the Second World War to 1989 and from 1990 to 1993. The research methodology followed was to firstly identify the theoretical framework to be utilised as regards the concept of strategic significance and then to highlight the relative variables to be compared. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of a new era following the end of the Cold War, which resulted in changes in the external environment and to the concept of strategic significance. In this study, this concept is based on three criteria, namely, a state's national capability; ego perceptions of strategic significance, based in part on the national capability noted above; and alter perceptions or perceptions of the external environment regarding a particular state's strategic significance. The study presents evidence of South Africa's relatively strong national capability in both periods under discussion, especially when compared to the rest of the African continent. The RSA's strategic significance was particularly strong during the pre-1990 period, primarily as a result of the Cold War conflict and the resultant superpower battle for the extension of influence. South Africa, with a wealth of vital strategic minerals, anti¬communist sentiment, relatively strong economy, and having possession of the Cape Sea Route, was thus awarded a certain degree of international importance. This was indicated by continuing international contacts and trade relations during a period when the RSA' s domestic apartheid policies were under constant international criticism. The end of the Cold War, however, resulted in a diminishing of strategic significance as regards the above¬mentioned aspects; while the value of South Africa's role on the African continent in general and in the Southern African region in particular, began to take precedence over previous concerns of communist expansionism in the Third World. This role was especially relevant in light of continuing marginalisation of Third World countries. As a result, both the developed North and the underdeveloped South began to perceive South Africa as a potential "saviour" and "engine of development" for the African continent. South Africa's role as an international economic partner and supplier of strategic minerals, however, continued. A comparative analysis is presented at the end of the study to assess similarities and differences in South Africa's strategic significance during the two periods, and it is concluded that the RSA was indeed considered to hold a certain degree of strategic importance throughout both periods under discussion, although the emphasis of such value was altered in response to changes in both the internal and external environments.
Dissertation (MA (International Politics))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Political Sciences
unrestricted

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Guimarães, Filipa Raquel da Silva Fidalgo. « Physiological distress predicts surgical risk complications : Analysis of heart rate variability in the pre and post-operative period ». Dissertação, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/83928.

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Tsai, Jen-Chieh, et 蔡仁傑. « The Interaction and Family Atmosphere Between Homosexual Adults and Their Families During the Pre- and Post- Coming Out Period ». Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97548857723833147036.

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碩士
中國文化大學
心理輔導學系
103
The purposes of this study were to understand the interaction and family atmosphere between homosexual adults and their families during the pre- and post- coming out period, and to reveal the key elements during the familial coming out process. In this study, the researcher collected data from two homosexual children (a gay and a lesbian from two different families) aged 20-30 and their core family members, including their parents and siblings. The duration of the interviews with the gay child and his core family members amounted to 24 hours, while the duration of the interviews with the lesbian child and her core family members amounted to 32 hours. The results were analyzed by the narrative analysis method with which the researcher integrated each part of the transcripts from the interview with every family member into two family stories, as the results are shown as follows: A. The interaction between the homosexual children and their parents: (A) From closeting to coming out 1. The homosexual children’s sexualities were likely to be doubted by their parents if their personal traits do not fit into the stereotypes of their genders. 2. The strategies and occasions for the homosexual children to come out to their parents depended on what kind of inner and external resources they were able to gain and how soon they were able to gain them. 3. The parent-child communications quickly reached deadlocks after the homosexual children’s coming out, which required the homosexual children to come out again. (B) Mediators helping to fix the conflicting relationships 1. The mediator’s main functions were intervening in the conflicting relationship, providing emotional support for the homosexual child and providing specialized information for the other parent. 2. In both families, the first repaired parent-child relationship enabled one of the parents to become the mediator of the other still-conflicting parent-child relationship. 3. The parents developed the desire for reparation due to failing to forge alliances, the intervention of the mediators, and the guilty feelings evoked from refusing to accept their own homosexual children. (C) Reparation of the conflicting relationships 1. The homosexual children’s independence and mental maturity helped increase their parents’ trust in them. 2. The parents’ desire for reparation prompted them to repair the parent-child relationships actively. 3. The existence of heterosexual siblings helped the parents deal with disappointment. B. The interaction between the homosexual children and their siblings: (A) Trustfulness in sibling relationships had an impact on the homosexuals’ will to come out to their siblings. (B) Degrees of intimacy in sibling relationships correlated with siblings’ degrees of activeness while being mediators. (C) Siblings’ main functions while being mediators were providing emotional support for the homosexual siblings and providing specialized information for their parents. C. The changes in atmosphere in both families: (A) Positive interactions between the family members were conducive to moderating conflicting subsystems in their families. (B) The interactions of parenting styles with homosexuals’ personal traits formed various patterns of family atmosphere. (C) Both families established consensuses for the degrees of coming out to the society. D. Key elements during the familial coming out process: (A) Closet period: Homosexual children accumulate inner and external resources that would make them able to cope with the threats and negative emotions after coming out to their family members, particularly their parents. (B) Coming out period: Homosexual’s evaluation of coming out strategies, parent-child relationships reaching deadlocks, the homosexuals coming out again, and siblings forging alliances. (C) Compromising period: Homosexual children forge alliances with one of the parents who support them, which enabled the parents alongside with other mediators to intervene in the still-conflicting parent-child relationships. (D) Repairing period: The conflicting parent-child relationships repair gradually due to actively showing the will to communicate from both sides, and the families then establish consensuses for the degrees of coming out to the society. Based upon the above-mentioned results, discussions and suggesting were presented.

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Lin, Chang-Hung, et 林長宏. « The Economic Determinants of Co-movement Across the International Stock Markets－Evidence from the Pre-Euro and Post-Euro period ». Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67269478579282028168.

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碩士
嶺東技術學院
財務金融研究所
93
This study investigates the economic determinants of the co-movement in stock indices between the United State and European markets （include Germany、France and Italy） from the pre-Euro and Post-Euro using the Multinomial Logit Model （MNLM）. The MNLM is estimated with three categories including （i）negative co-movement, （ii）positive co-movement, （iii）no co-movement, which is characterized with certain macroeconomic variables such as volatility and percentage change in the bilateral exchange rate、volatility in the stock returns、interest rate differential between markets etc. We adopt the discrete change and the odds ratio to present our results. Besides, except for the statistical significance adopted by previous researches, we also emphasize our analysis based on the economic significance in the study. The empirical results show that percentage change in the bilateral exchange rate is the most important factor regardless of the pre-Euro or the post-Euro. In addition, volatility in the stock returns and volatility in the bilateral exchange rate are becoming more important in the Post-Euro period.

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Santos, André Jorge Seruca Inácio Passarinho dos. « The use of loan loss provisions for earnings management in large european banks. An analysis in pre and post-crisis period ». Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/10213.

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Classificação JEL: G21, M41
Esta dissertação examina o uso das perdas por imparidade de crédito na gestão de resultados dos grandes bancos Europeus, contribuindo com uma análise comparativa os periodos antes e pós a crise financeira de 2008. Estudos anteriores revelam que desde a implementação de IFRS, que os bancos são supervisionados com regras contabilisticas mais rigidas de modo a garantir uma maior transparência das suas figuras contabilísticas. As regras de IFRS (nomeadamente a IAS 39) limitam os incentivos de comportamento discrecionário por parte dos bancos, relativamente ao uso de perdas por imparidade de crédito, o principal accrual bancário para gestão de resultados. Usando uma amostra de 58 grandes bancos Europeus para o período de 2006-2012, evidencio que os bancos que reportam de acordo com IFRS, ainda gerem os seus resultados através do reconhecimento acelerado de perdas por imparidade de crédito. Embora esta observação seja evidente antes da crise, no periodo posterior este comportamento é menos pronunciado devido à pro-ciclicidade inerente no modelo de perda incorrida da IAS 39. Por outro lado, no período pós-crise, os bancos tendem a adiar as suas imparidades de crédito o mais tarde possível, de modo a suavizarem os seus resultados positivamente. De um modo geral, este estudo contribui para evidenciar que os grandes bancos Europeus gerem os seus resultados através do reconhecimento acelerado de perdas por imparidade de crédito, quando: estão num período anterior à crise; são mais lucrativos; ou estão mais sub-capitalizados. A análise dos resultados desta dissertação levam-me a questionar se é desejável continuar num modelo de perdas incurridas, ou avançar para um modelo baseado em perdas esperadas.
This dissertation examines the use of loan loss provisions for earnings management on large European banks, comparing the period pre and post the 2008 financial crisis. Previous studies show that since the implementation of IFRS, banks are subject to tighter accounting rules to ensure transparency in their accounting figures. The IFRS rules (namely IAS 39) limit banks incentives for having an opportunistic discretionary behavior regarding the use of loan loss provisions, the principal bank accrual for earnings management. Using a sample of 58 large European banks, for the period 2006-2012, I find evidence that banks reporting under IFRS, still engage in earnings management through the accelerated recognition of loan loss provisions. Although this observation is evident before the 2008 financial crisis, in the post-crisis period this behavior is less pronounced, due to the inherent pro-cyclicality of the IAS 39 incurred-loss model. On the other hand, in the post-crisis period banks tend to delay recognition of loan losses until too late in order to smooth income positively. Overall, this study contributes to evidence that large European banks manage earnings through the acceleration of loan loss provisions, when: are in a pre-crisis period; are more profitable; or are under capital-constraints. Results of this research raise questions whether it is desirable to continue supporting an incurred loss model or move towards an expected loss model

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Shomya, Sushree. « Taboos in Food Practices during Pre and Post-natal Period : A Comparative Study between Tribal and Non- Tribal Women in Odisha ». Thesis, 2015. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/6741/1/Taboos_Shomya_2015.pdf.

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The food we eat on a daily basis affects how our body works, how we heal and grow, and how we maintain energy and strength and a proper nutrition process is most essential in the pre and post-natal period of pregnancy. Taking into account dynamically changing nutrition practices, the study is aimed to document and elucidate ethno cultural food practices during the pre and post-natal period of pregnancy. The study is based on the food restrictions that people follow because of religious and cultural prohibition. Though there has been few studies done in this area but the major part is lacking yet. Till date, in-depth study on the food taboos has not been done and this study is based on a comparative analysis between tribal women of Sundargarh District and non-tribal women of Bhadrak District. Sundargarh district for non-tribal sampling has been chosen as it is highly tribal dominated district as per the fifth schedule and on the other hand Bhadrak district is non-tribal dominated and historically prospering in culture. 100 sample households were selected from both the study area.50 for tribal women and 50 for Non-tribal women through random sampling. Data was collected from both the sources. Primary data was collected using household schedules, interviews and observation method. The secondary data was collected from various literatures, published books etc. The study may help in creating awareness regarding the dietary practices that people follow during their pre and post-natal period.

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Cheng, Sheng-Liang, et 鄭聖良. « Expiration-Day Effects on Taiwan Stock Index Futures :An Empirical Analysis of Price Manipulation of Foreign Institutional Investors in the Pre-Period and the Post-Period about Settlement Rule Changes ». Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67196254651195433405.

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碩士
靜宜大學
財務金融學系
99
This study examines the pre-period and the post-period of settlement rule changes at 2008.11.21 on Taiwan stock index futures, to research not only expiration-day effects but also price manipulation of foreign institutional investors. The data was used in this study which spans 2007.7.02 - 2010.12.31. The data of this research comes from intraday transaction and high-frequency transaction database of Taiwan Futures Exchange Crop, Taiwan Stock Exchange Crop. The main evidences are: 1.The expiration-day effects did not have any significant effect on the pre-period of settlement rule changes, but exceptional price volatility increases after changes. 2.Foreign institutional investors did not manipulate the settlement price until the settlement rule changes, the significantly positive correlation between their outstanding contracts on the third day and the first day before the last settlement day and the volatility on the last half an hour of the last settlement day. Expiration-day effects may be price manipulation by foreign institutional investors. 3.The Chow test shows the slight negative correlation between foreign institutional investors and the price volatility did not become significantly positive correlation until the rule changes.

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Yi-FangLi et 李怡芳. « The Impact of Exchange Rate Volatility on Export Value during the Period of Pre and Post Subprime Mortgage Crisis －A Case Study of Asia Countries ». Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39664764411289446164.

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碩士
國立成功大學
經營管理碩士學位學程
98
This paper aims to analyze the impact of exchange rate volatility and other related variables on the export value of four Asian countries, including Taiwan, South Korea, Hong Kong and Singapore during the period of pre- and post- subprime mortgage crisis. Methodologically, we use a multi-regression model to estimate whether the impact of exchange rate volatility and other related variables on the export value of Asian countries is different in the period of pre- and post- subprime mortgage crisis. The monthly data used in this study was collected from January 2000 to March 2009. The study shows that regardless of pre- or post- subprime mortgage crisis, the country we investigated is found to have significantly positive effects between the income and export value, whereas no significantly positive effects are observed between the exchange rate and export value.

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Tai-YaoWang et 王泰堯. « An Investigation of Correlation between Stock Price and Factors during the Period of Pre and Post American Quantitative Easing Policy-A Case Study of Taiwan Stock Index ». Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5jrx38.

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碩士
國立成功大學
企業管理學系碩博士班
101
This study mainly investigates how the Quantitative Easing Policy affects Taiwan Stock Weighted Index and compares the relationship among Taiwan, Chinese mainland, the United States, Hong Kong and Japan stock market during the period of pre- and post- U.S. QE policy. We use the multiple regression analysis model to estimate whether this policy cause the relationship of these factors change and the structure of regression model if have significant different. The monthly data that are used in this paper were collected from January 2004 to February 2013. Consequently, this study shows that U.S. QE policy affected Taiwan Stock Index. U.S and Hong Kong Stock Index have significant correlation to Taiwan Stock Index in the period of before QE policy, and Japan Stock Index have significant relation to Taiwan Stock Index in the period of after QE policy. Meanwhile, U.S M2 is stronger effect to the Taiwan Stock Index than Taiwan M2. Mainland China Stock Index seemly have no significant relationship with Taiwan Stock Index.

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Li, Yu-Jen, et 李玉貞. « An Investigation of Correlation between Business Cycle and Stock Market during the Period of Pre and Post American Quantitative Easing Policy-A Case Study of American and Taiwan ». Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zhmd76.

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碩士
亞洲大學
財務金融學系碩士在職專班
107
The 2008 financial crisis caused U.S. government to be unable to improve economy even though the federal funds rate was set to the lowest level. Therefore, Federal Reserve System announces quantitative easing monetary policy after subprime crisis. This paper examines the influences of the United States Quantitative Easing monetary policy on the U.S. and Taiwan stock markets by Vector Autoregression Model, Granger causality test and impulse response analysis. The sample period is from 2000 through 2017, includes 72 samples. The empirical results show that before the financial crisis occurred, the NYSE Composite Index was significantly correlated with business cycle indicators for both the United States and Taiwan; after the financial crisis, the NYSE Composite Index was not significantly correlated with business cycle indicators for both the United States and Taiwan. In addition, before the financial crisis occurred, the NYSE Composite Index was significantly causal relationship with the business cycle indicator for Taiwan; after the financial crisis, the NYSE Composite Index was not significantly causal relationship with the business cycle indicators for Taiwan. The reason may be that the quantitative easing monetary policy has led to a “deferred period,” and therefore, the effect of this policy has not fully developed at the time of writing.

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Richter, Musilová Oldřiška. « Vývoj vztahu ke vzdělání v 17. století ve světle měšťanských testamentů (příklad Nového Města pražského) ». Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-345405.

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The Development of Relations to Education in the 17th Century in the Context of Burgher Testaments (the Example of New Prague Town) Abstract Early modern testaments represent a unique source of information about many areas of life at a given historical period. They are frequently used in various areas of historical research, including Czech historiography and its new cultural history. Although the cultural history covers many topics, surprisingly, the field of education has been somewhat forgotten. The testaments, which unite the official information and personal testimonies, provide a unique chance to see the attitude of the society towards education in a historical context of a certain era. The testaments might become important especially when researching those periods of the development of scholarly systems and education that have been overlooked by historians, e.g. the development of town schools; respectively, the development of urban education in the period after the Battle of White Mountain (1620). The limited interest of historians has been caused mainly by the lack of information sources that could explain the changes in the organization of the newly formed confessional educational system after the Battle of White Mountain. These changes launched the process of recatholization of the Czech lands...

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Heckroodt, Annétia Sophia. « Evaluering van skoolbeginners met die oog op effektiewe aanvangsonderrig ». Diss., 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16926.

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Summaries in Afrikaans and English
Text in Afrikaans
With compulsory education in the New South· Africa, an increase in the number of school beginners can be expected, together with the probability of large gaps in their readiness for school. In £his study, materials have been developed together with a structure for the organisation of teaching_~!?.r trainers/subject advisers, teachers and pupils, to ensure effective education for school beginners. The "Battery for the Assessment of Bridging period Yields" (BABY) has been developed as a valid, realiable and usable school readiness battery of tests for teachers as unregistered test users. The Pre-Test for division into homogeneous ability groups is applied shortly after entrance to school. The Battery of Diagnostic Tests ensures continuous evaluation of pupils during the school readiness programme. The Post-Test is applied at the end of the first term. In this dynamic interaction between tester and pupil in an instruction-test-instruction cycle, the pupils' readiness to progress with formal instruction is continuously evaluated.
Met verpligte onderwys in die Nuwe Suid-Afrika, kan 'n toename in die getal swart skoolbeginners ve:wag word, asook dat daar in hulle skoolvoorbereiding groot leemtes kan voorkom. In die onderhawige studie is hulpmiddels en 'n struktuur vir onderwysorganisasie vir opleiers/vakadviseurs, onderwyseresse en leerlinge ontwikkel om aan skoolbeginners effektiewe onderwys te verseker. Die "Battery for the Assessment of Bridging period Yields" (BABY), 'n geldige, betroubare en bruikbare skoolgereedheidstoetsbattery vir onderwyseresse as ongeregistreerde toetsgebruikers, is ontwikkel. Die Voortoets vtr indeling in homogene bevoegdheidsgroepe word kort na skooltoetrede toegepas. Die Diagnostiese Toetsbattery verseker deurlopende evaluering van leerlinge gedurende die skoolgereedmakingsprogram. Die Natoets word aan die einde van die eerste kwartaal toegepas. In hierdie dinamiese interaksie tussen toetser en leerling in 'n onderrig-toets-onderrig siklus, word leerlinge se gereedheid om met formele onderrig voort te gaan, deurlopend geevalueer.
Psychology og Education
M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

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Carstens, Christoffel. « Invloed van televisie op die verwestersingsproses by die Swart adolessent ». Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16335.

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Thèses sur le sujet « Pre and post marger period »

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