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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Power resources – Law and legislation – Poland"
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Dembicz, Katarzyna. « Where Power Meets Knowledge ». Ad Americam 21 (30 septembre 2020) : 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/adamericam.21.2020.21.04.
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The new Law on Higher Education and Science, referred to as the “Constitution for Science” or the “Law 2.0,” has thoroughly reshaped research activities and academic education in Poland, and Latin American Studies—which gained a well-established position since the transformation of the 1980s and 1990s—is no exception. However, it would appear that the introduced changes may have a negative, rather than positive impact. The following article sets out to outline the current situation of Latin American Studies in Poland in the context of the relations between science and politics under the circumstances of the new legislation.
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Marchuk, M. I. « Legislative power in the Republic of Poland ». Law and Safety 71, no 4 (27 décembre 2018) : 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2018.4.02.
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The article is focused on the problems of studying the constitutional and legal aspects of the functioning of the bicameral parliament in the Republic of Poland. The research is carried out with the aim of studying and scientific understanding of the practical implementation of certain aspects of bicameralism in Ukraine.
The peculiarities of the legal status of the Sejm and the Senate as the chambers of political representation of the sovereign Polish nation have been analyzed. It has been emphasized that certain competencies of legislative power in the Polish power system are intended to compensate for the strong positions of the executive branch, due to the assignment of the President of the Republic of Poland to it. It has been noted that in the period after the restoration of the bicameral structure of the Polish Parliament in 1989, until 2010, the Sejm held the dominant position. It has been established that at the present stage of development, the Polish constitutional doctrine foresees an asymmetric bicameral parliament model with the preservation of the system’s equivalence of chambers.
It has been noted that the result of the accession of the Republic of Poland to the European Union, the Sejm and the Senate had functional changes that covered almost all the powers of the national parliament, including, first of all, legislative and control functions, led to the appearance of elements of the “European” function of the parliament and transformed already existing commitment of both chambers.
The peculiarities of the influence of the EU legal acts on the processes of national legislation in Poland have been revealed. The directions of transformation of the normative and controlling function of the Sejm and the Senate have been determined. The principles of functional separation of powers of the Sejm and the Senate in the light of the national and European legislation have been established. It has been concluded that during the process of implementation of acts of the European law in the national legal system of the Republic of Poland, the chambers of the parliament managed to expand their powers at the expense of the so-called “European competence of the Polish parliament”.
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Kłoda, Mariusz Tomasz, Katarzyna Malinowska, Bartosz Malinowski et Małgorzata Polkowska. « Regulacja górnictwa kosmicznego w polskiej ustawie o działalności kosmicznej ». Studia Iuridica, no 88 (13 décembre 2021) : 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2544-3135.si.2021-88.9.
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Work on the content of the law on space activities has been going in Poland for several years. So far, the drafters have not directly referred to the issue of space mining in the content of the proposed legal act. In this context, it is worth asking whether it is valuable and permissible, in terms of international space law and EU law, to regulate in the future (Polish) law on space activity the matter of prospecting, acquiring and using space resources, i.e. so-called space mining. If space mining were regulated in the Polish space law, Poland would not be the first country to do so. The discussed issues have already been regulated in the national space legislation of the USA, Luxemburg, UAE and Japan. This paper will analyze the issues of space mining as expressed in the current drafts of the Polish space law and foreign space legislation, of space mining as a means of achieving various goals and of the compatibility of space mining with international space law and EU law.
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Konstankiewicz, Marek. « Regulacje prawa polskiego mające znaczenie dla działalności archiwalnej ». Archeion, no 121 (2020) : 15–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.20.001.12958.
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Provisions of Polish law of significance to archival activities Legal provisions significantly affect archival activities, including the state of preservation and availability of archival materials. This article presents the provisions of generally applicable law in Poland as of 1 September 2020, taking into account provisions directly related to the structure of archival institutions, the protection of archival materials and the processes of shaping, developing and sharing of archival resources. These provisions can be found in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, the Act on National Archive Resources and Archives of 1983 with secondary legislation, a range of other acts and secondary legislation to them, numerous international agreements and legal acts of the EU. It is particularly interesting that there is an increase in the number of regulations which treat archives together with other cultural assets, which locate the activities of archives in the area of general access to information. A major challenge is the dispersion of these norms across many legal acts, as well as frequent and fragmentary amendments to them. Some areas of legal regulations require more in-depth research, especially in terms of their actual impact on the activities of archives. This reflection may be useful in methodological discussions, educating archive staff at all levels and formulating proposals for legislative amendments.
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Konstankiewicz, Marek. « Regulacje prawa polskiego mające znaczenie dla działalności archiwalnej ». Archeion, no 121 (2020) : 15–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.20.001.12958.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Provisions of Polish law of significance to archival activities Legal provisions significantly affect archival activities, including the state of preservation and availability of archival materials. This article presents the provisions of generally applicable law in Poland as of 1 September 2020, taking into account provisions directly related to the structure of archival institutions, the protection of archival materials and the processes of shaping, developing and sharing of archival resources. These provisions can be found in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, the Act on National Archive Resources and Archives of 1983 with secondary legislation, a range of other acts and secondary legislation to them, numerous international agreements and legal acts of the EU. It is particularly interesting that there is an increase in the number of regulations which treat archives together with other cultural assets, which locate the activities of archives in the area of general access to information. A major challenge is the dispersion of these norms across many legal acts, as well as frequent and fragmentary amendments to them. Some areas of legal regulations require more in-depth research, especially in terms of their actual impact on the activities of archives. This reflection may be useful in methodological discussions, educating archive staff at all levels and formulating proposals for legislative amendments.
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Krygier, Martin. « The Challenge of Institutionalisation : Post-Communist ‘Transitions’, Populism, and the Rule of Law ». European Constitutional Law Review 15, no 3 (septembre 2019) : 544–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1574019619000294.
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Institutionalisation – Populism – Rule of law – Poland – Hungary – Post-communist reformers more given to emulation, adoption and installation, than institutionalisation – Institutionalised traditions as resources and sources of recalcitrance – New populists as institutionalisers of anti-rule of law values, de-institutionalisers of independent institutions – ‘Abusive constitutionalists’, who erode and subvert the kinds of institutionalisation necessary to temper power
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Tsvigun, Iryna. « LAND LEGAL RELATIONS UNDER THE LEGISLATION OF POLAND AND UKRAINE : A COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS ». Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, no 2 (26 octobre 2022) : 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2592-8813-2022-2-36.
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The article carres out a professional comparative legal analysis of the legislation of Ukraine and Poland in the field of land law regulation. Attention was primarily focused on the directions of development of land relations for completeness and a comprehensive presentation of the research , the concepts and terms most open to the understanding of the society were considered, in particular – «land legal relations», «land plot», «real estate», «land ownership», «land real estate», «real estate» and the general features and differences of these concepts in Ukrainian and Polish legislation are outlined. The article discloses the features of land management and cadastre in the system of land legal relations of both states, highlights the differences in the basic approaches of modern land management, in particular, the use of an innovative type of documentation for the Ukrainian legislator – a comprehensive spatial development plan. It has been studied that the cadastre system of Poland, unlike the cadastre system of Ukraine, is multifunctional and contains information about land plots and other real estate objects. It was found that land relations in Ukraine and Poland are regulated by a number of normative legal acts, while the essence of normative legal regulation is the division of land legal relations into relations of a public and private nature, which is a kind of standard of land relations regarding a land plot as a part of the earth surface and the corresponding natural resource. It was also found that at the current stage of the development of land legal relations, the formation of the latest approaches in understanding the infrastructure of geospatial data is decisive for both states, which is a potentially new step in the development of land relations in a systemic relationship with other types of natural resources (water, forest, plant life, etc.). Special attention is paid to the results of the study, based on the own analysis, a number of inherent and distinctive features of the legislation of Poland and Ukraine in the field of land law regulation have been singled out. It is noted that turning to the experience of other countries is a potentially important and promising direction in the development of modern Ukrainian legislation. Attention is focused on the importance of studying the experience of other countries, in particular Poland, which will contribute to the transformation of Ukrainian land legislation in the formation of norms that will contribute to the development of Ukrainian society.
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Символоков, Олег, Oleg Simvolokov, Анна Белякова, Anna Belyakova, Валерия Смирнова, Valeriya Smirnova, Олеся Золотова et al. « LAW AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY : MODERN CHALLENGES (REVIEW OF X ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE IN MEMORY OF PROFESSOR S. N. BRATUS) ». Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 1, no 6 (7 février 2016) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/17380.
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The review reflects main ideas expressed in the reports of the participants of X conference in memory of Professor S. N. Bratus, a famous civil lawyer and legal theorist. The conference is held annually in the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation. During the conference the participants discussed controversial issues of the development of legislation on the law of things, status and activities of legal entities in the sphere of intellectual property, power industry, use of natural resources and ecology, labor legislation, the problem of Russia’s simultaneous participation in WTO and EAEU.
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Dzhumageldiyeva, G., I. Dragan, O. Dyka, V. Zagurska-Antoniuk et I. Moisieiev. « PUBLIC MECHANISMS OF FINANCIAL SECURITY IN ELECTRICITY : THE EXPERIENCE OF POLAND AND UKRAINE ». Financial and credit activity : problems of theory and practice 1, no 36 (17 février 2021) : 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v1i36.227670.
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The research was conducted on the basis of the analysis of the current legislation, statistical data of the state authorities of Ukraine and program documents containing strategies of development of electric power industry of Ukraine and Poland. The purpose of the work is to determine the directions of developing the public mechanisms of financial support in electricity of Ukraine and Poland within cross-border cooperation. The study is logically built in terms of coverage of three areas, in particular, the analysis of the domestic electricity market of Ukraine (which conducts a critical analysis of the structure and volume of electricity in the UES of Ukraine); analysis of the compatibility of the principles of Ukrainian electricity legislation with the principles of the third EU energy package (which focuses on maintaining certain elements of non-market pricing that distort competition in the new model of the electricity market of Ukraine) and the imperative of cross-border cooperation between Ukraine and Poland which outlines them main tasks in the field of law and economics, the solution of which is necessary to create a transnational exchange market of Ukraine and Poland in the implementation of the Energy Strategy of Ukraine in the context of integration of the UES of Ukraine with the European energy system). The results obtained allow to determine the effective directions of public administering financial support of cross-border cooperation between Ukraine and Poland in electricity and possible forms and directions of its implementation.
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Hodge, James G., et Gabriel B. Eber. « Tobacco Control Legislation : Tools for Public Health Improvement ». Journal of Law, Medicine & ; Ethics 32, no 3 (2004) : 516–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2004.tb00165.x.
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Government’s responsibility to safeguard the public’s health through law has been part of the social contract since ancient times. Cicero declared salus populi suprema lex esto - “the safety of the people is the supreme law”. Disraeli proclaimed that protecting the public’s health is the first duty of the statesman. Of the ten most important public health achievements of the 20th century in the US., seven are directly related to legal interventions, including legislative interventions. As new and existing risks to health risks emerge internationally, governments have consistently used the law as a tool to define the goals of public health, direct public health authorities to accomplish these goals, and equip them with the power and resources to do so.Tobacco control represents a salient example of how law can be used to ensure health. Like other public health laws, tobacco control laws have historic grounds. Government and other policymakers have enacted laws to control tobacco use for hundreds of years. The Russian church forbade tobacco use as an “abomination.”
Thèses sur le sujet "Power resources – Law and legislation – Poland"
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Zhu, Feng. « EU energy policy after the Treaty of Lisbon : breakthroughs, interfaces and opportunity ». Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2580185.
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NOWAK, Bartlomiej. « Electricity and gas market liberalization in the EU as a part of the Internal Energy Market strategy : a cross-country study - and a lesson for Poland ». Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/12013.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Defence date: 18/05/2009Examining board: Wladyslaw Czaplinski (Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw); Leigh Hancher (Tilburg University); Heike Schweitzer (EUI); Jacques Ziller (Supervisor, EUI)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
In many EU countries, the infrastructure for supplying electricity and gas (electricity networks, gas pipelines, and storage facilities) are still properties of the so-called vertically integrated undertakings (VIU) responsible for the extraction or generation, supply, and transmission and distribution of the energy. While competition can be promoted in the generation/production and supply side of the vertical integration, transmission and distribution segments remain natural monopolies that hinder market mechanisms. Vertical integration simply raises the possibility for incumbents to favor their own divisions and to block new entrants. As a result, the Electricity and Gas Directives of the European Commission proposed several measures to foster competition in politically delicate structures of the electricity and gas markets. These measures involve non-discriminatory third party access to the gas and electricity infrastructure, independent regulation of the natural monopolies and the unbundling of the VIU. Unfortunately, my research shows that there are still many obstacles to fulfilling the potential of the internal market in electricity and gas. What is more since substantial delays have occurred in implementing the Directives, it is difficult to clearly evaluate what the final effect will be; nevertheless, it is possible to argue that the steps already taken are insufficient to create functional market.
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BONAFÉ, MARTÍNEZ Ernesto. « Towards a European energy policy : resources and constraints in EU law ». Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/14979.
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Defence Date: 11 October 2010Examining Board: Prof. Jacques Ziller, University of Pavia (EUI Supervisor); Prof. Pippo Ranci, Catholic University of Milan; Prof. Leigh Hancher, University of Tilburg; Mr. Jorge Vasconcelos, MIT/Portugal Programme, Lisbon University
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
The European Union (EU) has set the objective to achieve a secure, sustainable and competitive energy. The development of a European energy policy is constantly emphasised in the declarations of EU political leaders. This thesis provides an assessment of the legal feasibility of an EU energy policy in the areas of industrial restructuring, institutional reform and security of supply. The first chapter looks into the Endesa saga, which offers a paradigmatic case concerning the tensions between energy champions and energy markets. Successive national and ‘foreign’ takeover bids for Endesa are examined at national and EU level by different authorities according to different legal regimes, which show the ambivalent contribution of the merger control to the development of an energy policy. The persistence of monopolistic structures despite energy liberalisation requires the reinforcement of the role of regulatory authorities, as analysed in chapter two. However, one cannot expect that national regulatory authorities and the newly created European Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators enjoy the same powers and level of independence as their integration within Member States and the EU operates on the basis of different legal and institutional principles. Chapter three addresses security of energy supply, which is in principle a responsibility of the Member States (which often used it as a pretext to promote national champions), but it has also a European dimension in terms of external dependence and solidarity. The absence of a specific legal basis on energy in the treaties has not prevented the EU from dealing with security of supply by having recourse to legal bases in the fields of environmental policy, crisis management and trans-European networks. A more coherent approach to energy policy is expected with the new legal basis on energy in the Lisbon Treaty. Beyond future developments, this thesis measures the integrity of the commitment repeatedly expressed by European Heads of Governments and States to build up a European energy policy.
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Murombo, Tumai. « Law, regulation, and the promotion of renewable energy in South Africa ». Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22155.
Texte intégralRésumé :
thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PhD)
in the School of Law at the University of the WitwatersrandMany countries are under pressure to transition from fossil to renewable sources of energy. This pressure comes from multiple points including sustainable energy and climate change imperatives. The energy industry, especially electricity generation, is the main source of greenhouse gases, hence the significance of reductions in this industry. The purpose of this study was to conduct a legal analysis of the renewable energy law in the context of energy law generally in South Africa, to understand the regulatory function of law in promoting renewable energy. The study analysed government legal and policy positions, and the response by non-state actors to such policy positions and laws. Through a qualitative analysis of primary and secondary sources of law and public participation documents, the study found that; while South Africa is committed to renewable energy, its socio-economic, cultural, and environmental context superimposes other priorities that impede progress towards renewable energy. Several obstacles to renewable energy were identified, some internal to energy law and others external to it, coming from other areas such as environmental law, governance, economics, and behavioural sciences. Analysis at the convergence of environmental and energy law revealed misalignment and fragmentation as major obstacles to renewable energy. While barriers are common across the globe, countries cannot apply the same responses with the same results. Regulatory responses, beyond the traditional ‘command and control’ tools are context specific and tools that have worked, in other countries, may not be as effective in South Africa. Socio-economic dynamics determine the legal responses to the barriers to renewable energy or the efficacy of economic incentives to promote renewable energy. However, overall, law and regulation can, and must, play a crucial enabling role by removing barriers to renewable energy. Nevertheless, there are limits to the use law ‘as regulation.’ Renewables will not replace fossil sources yet; rather in the long-term, renewables should become a big part of the energy mix. Despite gaining price competitiveness, it is too early for renewables to displace conventional fossil sources in a context of entrenched structural and institutional obstacles. Concomitant technical, market, economic, and environmental and resource governance interventions are necessary to effectively promote an energy mix substantially composed of renewables. The study recommends that law should create an enabling regulatory environment for renewable energy. South Africa has not used law effectively enough to create this environment, thereby impeding the integration of renewable energy into its energy mix. Aligning energy and environmental law, among other incentives, can enhance this role of law. Legal reforms are necessary to remove the regulatory advantage afforded to conventional sources of electricity and level the playing field.
MT2017
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MARHOLD, Anna-Alexandra. « Energy in international trade law from GATT to TTIP : regulation and challenges ». Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/41505.
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Defence date: 1 June 2016Examining Board: Professor Petros C. Mavroidis, European University Institute; Professor Bernard M. Hoekman, European University Institute; Professor Robert Howse, New York University School of Law; Professor Catherine Redgwell, University of Oxford, Faculty of Law
This thesis takes a dynamic approach to the treatment of energy in international trade law. It traces the development of energy rules from the inception of the 1947 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) to Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) negotiations today. The thesis is divided in two main parts: (I) Regulation and (II) Challenges. The first part of the thesis discusses the controversies surrounding the coverage of energy in the GATT/WTO forum. It continues by providing an overview of WTO Agreements relevant for the treatment of energy. Finally, this part of the thesis looks at the crystallization of new rules in energy trade: what developments do we observe in WTO accession commitments and, beyond the WTO, in preferential trade agreements? In the second part, the thesis focuses on three major challenges in WTO law with respect to energy. It starts off with a comparative study of the WTO and the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT), scrutinizing their overlap and potential conflict. Then, using law and economics methodology, the thesis takes a closer look at restrictive practices in energy trade, such as those maintained by Members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Third, this part discusses the 'subsidies paradox' in WTO law through which fossil fuel subsidies arguably escape the disciplines of the WTO. Subsidies for clean energy and renewables, on the other hand, are an easy target for WTO dispute settlement proceedings. By way of conclusion, the thesis considers policy options for enhanced energy governance. It, amongst others, discusses possible future scenarios and the role of the WTO and Energy Charter Treaty therein.
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DE, ALMEIDA Lucila. « Integration through self-standing European private law : insights from the internal point of view to harmonization in energy market ». Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/46666.
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Defence date: 23 May 2017Examining Board: Prof. Hans-W. Micklitz, European University Institute (EUI Supervisor); Prof. Stefan Grundmann, European University Institute; Prof. Daniela Caruso, Boston University; Prof. Kim Talus, University of Helsinki and University of Eastern Finland
This thesis analyses the impact of the European Integration Project on private law. While the impact of EU law on private law throughout negative integration created European Private Meta-law, and throughout positive integration evolved to European Private law, this thesis claims that EU law has recently moved a step further in regulated markets by creating selfstanding European Private law. Self-standing European Private law is a normative system of rules at supranational level in which its semantically rigid legal norms suggests the intrusion of EU law into the private order of contractual parties with minor divergences within and among national legal systems. This analytical model explains the legal phenomenon of intrusion and substitution, which is different than the phenomenon of divergence, what has so far been the main focus of legal scholars in comparative private law and approaches to Harmonization. To define and identify self-standing European private law, this thesis proposes a systematic understanding of EU law from what H.L.A. Hart conceptualizes as the Internal Point of View. It contextualizes the private law dimension of EU energy law through a discussion of primary and secondary rules and, most importantly, the linguistic framework of analytic philosophy. In so doing, this thesis claims the constitutive element of self-standing European Private law takes shapes when EU law, through governance modes of lawmaking and enforcement at the EU level, creates a set of mandatory rules applied to private relationships, of which the semantic texture of its language leaves minor space for divergent interpretation and implementation by legal official and market actors. To prove the emergence of a self-standing European Private Law, EU energy Law is the blueprint to test the claim. The thesis pursues a socio-legal investigation on how the private law dimension of EU energy law has changed over three decades of market integration and affected two key market transactions in energy markets: transmission service contracts in electricity, and natural gas supply contracts.
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HAGHIGHI, Sanam Salem. « Energy security. The external legal relations of the European Union with energy producing countries ». Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/6359.
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Defence date: 16 June 2006Examining board: Prof. Bruno de Witte (Supervisor, European University Institute) ; Prof. Marise Cremona (European University Institute) ; Prof. Giacomo Luciani, part time professor, EUI ; Prof. Thomas Wälde, University of Dundee
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
This dissertation offers the first comprehensive assessment of the various internal and external measures undertaken by the European Union to guarantee security of oil and gas supply. It sets out and analyzes in a coherent and thorough manner those aspects of EU external policy that are relevant in establishing a framework for guaranteeing energy security for the Union. What makes the book unique is that it is the first of its kind to bridge the gap between EU energy and EU external policy. The dissertation discusses EU policy towards the major oil and gas producing countries of Russia, the Mediterranean and the Persian Gulf at the bilateral as well as regional and multilateral level. It brings together not only the dimensions of trade and investment but also other important aspects of external policy, namely development and foreign policy. The author argues that the EU's energy security cannot be achieved through adopting a purely internal approach to energy issues, but that it is necessary to adopt a holistic approach to external policy, covering efficient economic relations as well as development co-operation and foreign policies towards energy producing countries. The dissertation will be a valuable resource for students of EU law, WTO law or international energy law, as well as scholars and practitioners dealing with energy issues.
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Mukwevho, Nndwamato Jonathan. « Enhancing visibility and accessibility of public archives repositories in South Africa ». Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23820.
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Despite the importance of the visibility and accessibility of public archives repositories, various scholars agreed that these repositories in eastern and southern Africa are not known to and are accessed by few people. This study utilised the concept of soft power as a framework to examine the visibility and accessibility of public archives repositories in South Africa with the view to suggest ways to enhance it. A quantitative approach, informed by post-positivist paradigm was employed, using questionnaires, interviews, content analysis and observation of landmarks to collect data. Public archives repositories in South Africa, Friends of Archives, legislation,
annual reports, and landmarks were the universe of analysis whereas archivists working in public programming sections, deputy director of Friends of archives, 2012 to 2016 annual reports, archival legislation, social media links and the public display signage of the Limpopo, Mpumalanga, National Archives and Records Services of South Africa (NARSSA), National Film, Video and Sound Archives (NFVSA), served as a unit of analysis or source of information. The study revealed that
collaboration with a good partner, especially civil society, was a key for successful public
programming at the lowest cost. Whereas the KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Western Cape landmarks are visible, the study found that NARSSA, NFVSA, Free State, Limpopo, Northern Cape, North-West and Eastern Cape archives repositories could not easily draw potential users to archives. Furthermore, only Northern Cape and Western Cape provincial archive are active on social media through their departments. The study recommended a visibility and accessibility framework that will provide a foundation and insight on how best public archives could develop and implement integrated and yet impactful public programming activities with less expenses.Information Science
M. Inf. (Information Science)
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Botha, Erika. « A structured approach to energy risk management for the South African financial services sector ». Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23560.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Energy conservation, efficiency and renewable energy have become a vital part of everyday life and business. The increase in energy cost and the consequences of greenhouse gas emissions necessitates energy management and in particular energy risk management within organisations. Organisations need to manage the possible negative effect that the increased costs will have within the organisation.
The present research investigated the introduction of a structured approach to energy risk management within the financial services sector of South Africa. The research followed a quantitative, non-experimental research design by using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to managers within the financial services sector. The research investigated the criteria for the implementation of a structured approach to energy risk management such as organisational requirements (culture, corporate social responsibility, management, and finance), governance, energy strategies (energy conservation, efficiency and renewable energy), risk identification, risk management and lastly communication and review. The research found that the structured approach to energy risk management should include the context within the organisation namely
organisational requirements, governance and energy strategies. Thereafter the risks within the energy strategies need to be identified, analysed and evaluated, and control measures need to be implemented. It is important to monitor the various energy strategies continuously in order to identify corrections and implement
preventative actions. The strategies need to be reviewed and communicated in terms of the various strategies to all stakeholders within the organisation in order to set continual improvement plans. Risk management should form part of the energy management strategies of organisations. The research showed that energy risk
management plays an important role in the overall business strategy and that the vast majority of financial services organisations have already implemented some form of energy management. There are however aspects that are still lacking within management strategies that need attention.D. Phil. (Management Studies)
Business Management
Livres sur le sujet "Power resources – Law and legislation – Poland"
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Daintith, Terence. The legal integration of energy markets. Berlin : W. De Gruyter, 1987.
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D, Cudahy Richard, dir. Energy law in a nutshell. 2e éd. St. Paul, MN : West, 2011.
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D, Cudahy Richard, dir. Energy law in a nutshell. St. Paul, MN : Thomson/West, 2004.
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Institute, Pennsylvania Bar. Power law 2010. [Mechanicsburg, PA] : Pennsylvania Bar Institute, 2010.
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1953-, Barton Barry, dir. Regulating energy and natural resources. New York : Oxford University Press, 2006.
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Griffiths, Leonard. Natural resources and energy law. Toronto] : Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, 2008.
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Commission of the European Communities. Collection of legislation and acts relating to energy. Luxembourg : Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1991.
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Commission of the European Communities. Collection of legislation and acts relating to energy. Luxembourg : Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1989.
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Talus, Kim, Bram Delvaux et Michaël Hunt. EU energy law and policy issues. 2e éd. Cambridge [England] : Intersentia, 2014.
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Forum, Energy Law Research, dir. EU energy law and policy issues. Cambridge, U.K : Intersentia, 2012.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Power resources – Law and legislation – Poland"
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Guney, Gizem, David Davies et Po-Han Lee. « Introduction ». Dans Towards Gender Equality in Law, 1–12. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98072-6_1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractThis book is the product of an international and interdisciplinary conference that was held at the University of Sussex, UK, in 2018. The primary aim of the conference was to have a closer look at the reasons and impacts of numerous problematic legislation and policies that have been adopted across the world over the last decade and which had a destabilising effect on gender equality and justice. There have been some notable examples in this regard: Poland has reintroduced restriction on women’s right to abortion in 2020 (Calkin & Kaminska, 2020); the debate over the so-called foetal “heartbeat” bills in Taiwan (Liu, 2020) and the ephemeral unconstitutional anti-abortion state laws have been heated in the US and internationally since 2019 (Bakst, 2019; Evans & Narasimhan, 2020); Russia has partially decriminalised domestic violence in 2016, despite the outcry from activists and victims (Semukhina, 2020). As a pandemic swept Europe (Kuhar & Paternotte, 2017), the mobilisation of “anti-gender”, anti-feminist and misogynist discourse in the political and policy domains has its global resonance in, for instance, Brazil (Hunter & Power, 2019), India (Rothermel, 2020) and South Korea (Kim, 2021). In this light, it would not be an exaggeration to contend that the last decade marks a global crisis of gender equality.
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Godden, Lee. « Law, Resilience, and Natural Disaster Management in Australia ». Dans Resilience in Energy, Infrastructure, and Natural Resources Law, 116—C8.N131. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192864574.003.0008.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract In the summer of 2019–2020 bushfires raged across many parts of Australia. The extent of the disaster was unprecedented, with areas never previously exposed to bushfires, burning with an intensity not experienced to date. The fires destroyed major energy infrastructure, with communities cut off from power supplies for long periods. The security of the national energy infrastructure and the maintenance of electricity supply remain of concern after the bushfires. Drawing on resilience concepts and systems theory, this chapter examines measures adopted in Australia to respond to the combined risk that climate change and natural disasters pose to the resilience of energy infrastructure. Moreover, electricity infrastructure itself poses a significant risk to humans and natural systems. Energy infrastructure, such as ageing or poorly maintained electricity transmission systems exacerbate fire risk. Government measures to enhance the resilience of energy infrastructure and energy systems, draw on legislation, policy, institutional arrangements (regulatory systems), and project-based initiatives that cross disaster and emergency management legislation, the national electricity market regulation, together with natural disaster and climate adaptation legislation. This chapter argues a more systemic legal approach is required to build resilient energy infrastructure systems to respond to escalating climate change risks, and the increase in natural disasters. The chapter examines the recommendations from a 2020 Royal Commission to reduce bushfire hazards to critical electricity infrastructure to assess their potential effectiveness in enhancing electricity system resilience.
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Pahl, Bogumił, et Michał Mariański. « Evolution of the Taxation of Wind Power Plants in the Polish Tax Law ». Dans European Financial Law in Times of Crisis of the European Union, 477–86. Ludovika Egyetemi Kiadó, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36250/00749.45.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The general purpose of the article is to present in a comparative perspective how the principles of the taxation of wind power plants have evolved. In the Polish tax law, over the past several years, the legislature has undertaken considerable efforts to modify those principles. The lack of the stability of tax legislation may prove to be one of the main reasons for discouraging economic operators from pursuing such investments. Most evidently, the lawmakers do not have a clear vision of a coherent and permanent legal framework in this aspect. The purpose of this article is to present how the principles of the taxation of wind power plants in Poland have evolved. Perhaps the wider experience of other European countries in this regard will help to develop a model of the taxation of wind power plants not only in Poland but also in other East and Central European Union Countries.
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Marco Colino, Sandra. « 1. Introduction to competition law ». Dans Competition Law of the EU and UK, 1–26. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198725053.003.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter presents an introduction to competition law covering the development of competition law, the experience of the United States, economics and competition law, and competition law resources. Competition law is the legislation that ensures competition is protected from unrestrained market power in free market economies. The primary purpose of competition law is to remedy some of the situations in which the free market system — in which supply and demand, and not government intervention, determine the allocation of resources — breaks down. The point was well made in the House of Lords debate during the passage of the Competition Act 1998 (CA) that ‘competition law provides the framework for competitive activity. It protects the process of competition’.
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Zębek, Elżbieta, et Leda Zilinskiene. « Waste management and human rights to the environment in Polish and Lithuanian legal solutions ». Dans Human Rights - From reality to the virtual world, 368–82. Publisher House WSGE Alcide De Gasperi University of Euroregional Economy ul. Sienkiewicza 4 05-410 Józefów, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13166/wsge/odrr4755.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Basic human rights are set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Moreover, human rights to the environment were identified with 3rd generation human rights as the principles of solidarity and subsidiarity. These rights may be disturbed through pollution of the environment causing by improper waste management…Therefore, it is important to comply with the various principles of waste management specified in the Directive 2008/98/EC, which provisions were implemented into the legislation of Poland and Lithuania. The purpose of this article is indicate the legal principles of waste management and human rights to the environment for example of these countries. In Poland, waste management should be carried out with the protection of human health and life, in particular, it must not pose a threat to environmental elements and effects on cultural and natural areas. Similarly, there are protected the same resources in Lithuania with paying attention to not exceeding the normative standards. Therefore, principles of environmental law and waste management plays a crucial role in safeguarding human right to environment due to their needs.
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Kozerska, Ewa, et Tomasz Scheffler. « State and Criminal Law of the East Central European Dictatorships ». Dans Lectures on East Central European Legal History, 207–39. Central European Academic Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54171/2022.ps.loecelh_9.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The chapter is devoted to discussing constitutional and criminal law as it existed in selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe between 1944 and 1989 (Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic, Romania, Hungary, and Poland). As a result of the great powers’ decisions, these countries came under the direct supervision of the Soviet Union and adopted totalitarian political solutions from it. This meant rejecting the idea of the tripartite division of power and affirming the primacy of the community (propaganda-wise: the state pursuing the interests of the working class) over the individual. As a result, regardless of whether the state was formally unitary or federal, power was shaped hierarchically, with full power belonging to the legislative body and the body appointing other organs of the state. However, the text constantly draws attention to the radical discrepancy between the content of the normative acts and the systemic practice in the states mentioned. In reality, real power was in the hands of the communist party leaders controlling society through an extensive administrative apparatus linked to the communist party structure, an apparatus of violence (police, army, prosecution, courts, prisons, and concentration and labor camps), a media monopoly, and direct management of the centrally controlled economy. From a doctrinal point of view, the abovementioned states were totalitarian regardless of the degree of use of violence during the period in question. Criminal law was an important tool for communist regimes’ implementation of the power monopoly. In the Stalinist period, there was a tendency in criminal law to move away from the classical school’s achievements. This was expressed, among other means, by emphasizing the importance of the concept of social danger and the marginalization of the idea of guilt for the construction of the concept of crime. After 1956, the classical achievements of the criminal law doctrine were gradually restored in individual countries, however – especially in special sections of the criminal codes – much emphasis was placed on penalizing acts that the communist regime a priori considered to be a threat to its existence. Thus, also in the field of criminal law, a difference was evident between the guarantees formally existing in the legislation and the criminal reality of the functioning of the state.
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Powe, Lucas A. « Oil ». Dans America's Lone Star Constitution. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520297807.003.0006.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter discusses the legal battles over oil and mineral rights in Texas. In the first half of the twentieth century the discoveries of mass oil fields boosted the Texas economy. With oil at three dollars per barrel, Texas voters, in a 1917 addition to the state constitution, gave the legislature the power to pass all necessary legislation to conserve and develop the state's natural resources. In 1931, Texas Governor Ross Sterling declared martial law. Eugene Constantin filed a lawsuit, claiming an unconstitutional interference with his property rights. The chapter examines this case, Sterling v. Constantin, and three important legal events that occurred affecting Texas oil by the time the Supreme Court heard arguments for it. It also considers the significance of Sterling v. Constantin for constitutional law. Finally, it analyzes two other cases, Panama Refining v. Ryan and United States v. Texas.
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Friskney, Ruth, Oona Brooks-Hay et Michele Burman. « Frontline Responses to Domestic Abuse in Scotland ». Dans Improving Frontline Responses to Domestic Violence in Europe. University of Maribor, University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-543-6.14.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Scotland's progress in tackling domestic abuse is recognised for the gendered analysis which underpins it. This gendered analysis recognises structural gender inequalities as the context in which domestic abuse occurs, enabling more effective targeting of resources for prevention and response. The Domestic Abuse (Scotland) Act 2018, described as a 'gold standard' in legislation to tackle domestic abuse, draws on the gendered concept of coercive control. The Act seeks to recognise in law the nature of domestic abuse not as isolated incidents but rather as an ongoing exercise of power and control by the perpetrator, using various tactics. In this chapter, we describe what is known about domestic abuse in Scotland, the strengths and weaknesses of different data sources in capturing the gendered nature of domestic abuse and the reality of how victimsurvivors experience it. We consider the multi-agency structures, in particular Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conferences and Multi-Agency Tasking and Coordinating groups, which support Scotland's partnership approach in the front-line response to domestic abuse, recognising the crucial role of feminist third sector agencies alongside statutory agencies such as police, health, social work, and housing.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Power resources – Law and legislation – Poland"
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Lotko, Ewa. « Method of Incurring Public Expenditure in Relation to New Public Procurement Legislation in Poland ». Dans The XX International Scientific Conference "Functioning of Investments Financed from State Resources and from Other Sources in The Countries of Central And Eastern Europe". Temida 2, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/ipf.2022.10.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The aim of this paper is to discuss new legal solutions whose implementation may contribute to spending public funds in a targeted and cost-effective manner, obtaining the best effects from the given outlay. This article tries to answer the question whether the new Public procurement law facilitates effective spending of public funds. The conducted analysis includes legal provisions, work of the doctrine as well as data published by the Polish Public Procurement Office. A legal-dogmatic method is the main research method in this paper. The analysis conducted here allows to state that the principle of efficiency under Public procurement law should guarantee spending funds in a targeted and cost-effective manner with maintaining rules arising from the Act on public finance. Therefore, the actions of the legislator connected with the implementation of the new legal legislation on awarding public procurement which promotes greater care for efficient use of public funds should be assessed positively.
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Muszyński, Robert, et Katarzyna Kocur-Bera. « Opportunities and Barriers to the Development of Poland in the Field of Renewable Energy Sources as Compared to the European Union ». Dans 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.604.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Today, almost all of civilisation is based on energy. To a large extent, energy is being continuously acquired from non-renewable raw materials deposited in the Earth’s crust. Renewable sources provide alternative, infinite energy resources, particularly solar radiation, wind power and water movement. The Paris Agreement envisages the complete abandonment of fossil fuels by the year 2050 for all EU Member States. From a technical point of view, a complete transition to renewable energy sources (RES) is very difficult to achieve. In the case of Poland, the way to 100% RES is longer and more complex than in most EU countries. The main purpose of the conducted analysis was to thoroughly assess the possibilities for obtaining energy from inexhaustible sources as well as the benefits of various procedures in order to develop an optimal set of solutions. The aim of the presented study is to indicate the possibilities for the development of construction investments in the field of renewable energy sources that have an inseparable impact on spatial management. To achieve this aim, the method of research of the available literature and legislation was applied.
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Do Nascimento Filho, Sebastião Orlando, Paulo Eduardo Malaquias et Rogério Andrade Flauzino. « An Evolutionary Optimization Algorithm to Planning the Time of Delivery Schedule and Factor in a Hydroelectric Power Plant with Battery Energy Storage Capability ». Dans Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Elétricos - SBSE2020. sbabra, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.48011/sbse.v1i1.2494.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The modernization of regulation and legislation rules of the power systems in nowadays is partially due the penetration of renewable resources generation and an energy store capability. The generation based on alternative source has an intermittent pattern and its linkage with a hydroelectric generation plant should be considered in the expansion of generation matrix. Some pioneer projects are conducted in Brazil that confirms this relevance. The battery energy storage is another functionally possible today and must be considered in the technical and economic analysis. This paper presents a method based on evolutionary approach that intends to optimize a time of delivery schedule and factor with objective of the decrease the payback time. In front of the optimized time of delivery schedule and factor is proposed an optimal law of control of a battery storage system. Experimental data was employed and the results reached could be used to better operate energy storage systems and deal with regulation aspects.