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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Poverty – Europe »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023
Mis à jour le 11 mars 2023

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1

Callens, Marc, et Christophe Croux. « Poverty Dynamics in Europe ». International Sociology 24, no 3 (28 avril 2009) : 368–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268580909102913.

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This article uses multilevel recurrent discrete-time hazard analysis to simultaneously model the impact of life cycle events and structural processes on poverty entry and exit across European Regions. Research questions are, (1) what is the importance of life cycle events on the road to entry into and exit from poverty, (2) are there any differences in poverty dynamics between European Regions and if so, how can we explain these differences? The analysis is based on individual and household panel data of the European Community Household Panel linked with a regional time series database. Main findings are that men's poverty dynamics is dominated by employment-related events, while for women demographic events also play a role. Regional structural factors only have a slight or no influence on poverty transitions, but the welfare regime turns out to be highly significant for poverty entry.
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Corsi, Marcella, et Kristian Orsini. « Measuring Poverty in Europe ». Development 45, no 3 (septembre 2002) : 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.development.1110387.

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Hancock, Ian F. « Beyond Poverty, Beyond Europe ». SAIS Review of International Affairs 25, no 2 (2005) : 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.2005.0035.

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Bradshaw, Jonathan, et Yekaterina Chzhen. « Child poverty policies across Europe ». Journal of Family Research 21, no 2 (1 septembre 2009) : 128–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/jfr-223.

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This article is in two parts. In the first part, we present the results of a comparative analysis of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) to explore child poverty. Countries’ child poverty rates are compared using the conventional income definition and deprivation and economic strain. The extent of overlap in these different measures is explored. Variations in child poverty rates by employment, child age, number of children, education level of the parents and family type are explored. Then logistic regression is used to explore how countries’ child poverty varies having taken account of these characteristics. In the second part we explore how policy affects child poverty, presenting child poverty rates before and after transfers; analysis of spending and its relationship to child poverty; and the analysis of child benefit packages using model family methods. Child poverty is increasing in most EU countries. The article argues that the data available on what policies work is not really good enough. The OECD Benefits and Wages series is too limited and the EU should invest in a framework that collects data on how tax and benefit policies are working to combat child poverty across the EU. Zusammenfassung Im ersten der zwei Teile dieses Aufsatzes stellen wir die Ergebnisse einer vergleichenden Analyse der European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) vor, um die Kinderarmut unter die Lupe zu nehmen. Die Kinderarmutsraten in den einzelnen Ländern werden mithilfe von einer konventionellen Einkommensdefinition, Mangelerscheinungen und wirtschaftlichen Zwängen miteinander verglichen. Dabei wird das Ausmaß der Überschneidungen der einzelnen Messungen und Variationen in der Kinderarmut aufgrund der Beschäftigungsverhältnisse, des Alters der Kinder, der Kinderzahl, des Bildungsniveaus der Eltern und des Familientyps untersucht. Danach kommt die logistische Regression zum Einsatz, um zu untersuchen, inwieweit die Kinderarmut in den jeweiligen Ländern variiert, wenn man all diese Ausprägungen berücksichtigt. Im zweiten Teil untersuchen wir, welchen Einfluss familienpolitische Maßnahmen auf die Kinderarmut haben, indem wir Kinderarmutsraten vor und nach der Einbeziehung von Transferleistungen vorstellen, die Staatsausgaben und ihr Verhältnis zur Kinderarmut und – mithilfe von Methoden der Modellierung von Familien – Kinderunterstützungspakete analysieren. Die Kinderarmut nimmt in den meisten EU-Ländern zu. Im Beitrag wird dann argumentiert, dass die Daten darüber, welchen familienpolitischen Maßnahmen funktionieren, nicht wirklich gut genug sind. Die Benefits and Wages-Zeitreihen der OECD sind Beschränkungen unterworfen – die EU sollte in ein Rahmenprogramm investieren, in signifikante negative Effekte vorausgegangener ökonomischer Deprivation auf das Wohlbefinden gibt, zusätzlich zu den Effekten des Bildungsniveaus der Eltern und der Familienformen. Diese Effekte waren bei Mädchen stärker ausgeprägt als bei Jungen. Ein eingeschränktes Wohlbefinden im Jahre 1996 trug nicht vollständig zur Erklärung von Langzeiteffekten ökonomischer Deprivation bei. Mütterliche Negativität erwies sich als stärkerer Mediator für die Reaktion von Mädchen auf ökonomischen Stress. Insgesamt legen die Daten nahe, dass ökonomische Deprivation ein signifikanter Risikofaktor mit negativen Langzeitfolgen, insbesondere für Mädchen, ist.
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Constantin, Sanda. « SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - POVERTY IN EUROPE ». SERIES V - ECONOMIC SCIENCES 14(63), no 2 (15 décembre 2021) : 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.es.2021.14.63.2.16.

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The paper presents some aspects about poverty in Europe taking also into consideration the new pandemic context. Some indicators linked with the topic were chosen. The indicators refer to people at risk of poverty or social exclusion, severally materially deprived people, unemployment and employment, government debt. The information was analysed by means of statistical indicators. At the end of the paper, a few aspects regarding the impact of the COVID-19 crisis are presented.
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Zarkov, Dubrakva. « Poverty and inequality in Europe ». European Journal of Women's Studies 25, no 2 (29 avril 2018) : 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506818762640.

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7

Reinhardt, Steven G., et Robert Jutte. « Poverty and Deviance in Modern Europe ». Journal of Interdisciplinary History 27, no 1 (1996) : 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/206488.

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8

van der Gaag, Jacques, Robert Walker, Roger Lawsen et Peter Townsend. « Responses to Poverty : Lessons from Europe. » Industrial and Labor Relations Review 41, no 1 (octobre 1987) : 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2523895.

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Mussida, Chiara, et Maria Laura Parisi. « Risk of poverty in Southern Europe ». Metroeconomica 71, no 2 (mai 2020) : 294–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/meca.12272.

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Handler, Joel F., Robert Walker et Peter Townsend. « Responses to Poverty : Lessons from Europe. » Political Science Quarterly 100, no 2 (1985) : 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2150682.

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11

Lepianka, Dorota, John Gelissen et Wim van Oorschot. « Popular Explanations of Poverty in Europe ». Acta Sociologica 53, no 1 (mars 2010) : 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001699309357842.

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Bárcena-Martín, Elena, et Ana I. Moro-Egido. « Gender and Poverty Risk in Europe ». Feminist Economics 19, no 2 (avril 2013) : 69–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2013.771815.

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13

Biçaniç, Ivo. « Poverty and development in Southeast Europe ». Southeast European and Black Sea Studies 1, no 1 (janvier 2001) : 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14683850108454622.

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McPake, Joanna, et Ghazala Bhatti. « Education and poverty in Western Europe ». Prospects 29, no 4 (décembre 1999) : 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02736904.

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15

Hick, Rod. « Poverty as Capability Deprivation : Conceptualising and Measuring Poverty in Contemporary Europe ». European Journal of Sociology 55, no 3 (décembre 2014) : 295–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975614000150.

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AbstractPoverty analysis is in the midst of a multidimensional “turn” due, in part, to the growing awareness of the limitations of relative income measures of poverty. In this paper, we argue that the conceptualisation of poverty remains a neglected aspect of this multidimensional turn to date, and demonstrate that the counter-intuitive results which flow from relative income analyses are not problems of measurement, but are entirely consistent with the conceptualisation of poverty under Peter Townsend’s dominantPoverty as Relative Deprivationframework. In response to these problems we articulate an alternative framework,Poverty as Capability Deprivation, drawing on Amartya Sen’s capability approach, and argue that this provides more persuasive explanations as to why some nations have greater poverty than others and why poverty remains a problem even in the richest nations.
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Daly, Mary. « Paradigms in EU social policy : a critical account of Europe 2020 ». Transfer : European Review of Labour and Research 18, no 3 (19 juillet 2012) : 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258912448598.

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This article offers a critical account of the ‘social’ in the Europe 2020 strategy, focusing on the new poverty target and the European Platform against Poverty and Social Exclusion. The article reaches three main conclusions. First, while poverty is given a prominent place in the strategy and the recourse to targets is intended to harden up Member State and EU coordination in the field, the poverty target is loose and risks being rendered ineffective as an EU-wide target. Secondly, the social goals and philosophy of Europe 2020 are under-elaborated. While it is important that the poverty-related measures are treated on a similar basis to the other elements of Europe 2020, it is not made clear how growth will bring about the planned reduction in poverty. ‘Inclusive growth’ has little meaning in itself. This leads to the third conclusion which is that Europe 2020 lacks a coherent model of social development. Philosophically, it draws mainly from social investment and liberal approaches, neither of which has a strong orientation to addressing poverty.
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17

Balourdos, Dionyssis, et Maria Petraki. « Immigrant social inclusion in Europe : A descriptive investigation ». Europa XXI 37 (2019) : 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/eu21.2019.37.7.

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This paper represents an empirical investigation into the risk of poverty or social exclusion facing immigrants across Europe. The methodological approach is based on the set of ‘Zaragoza indicators’, in the domain of social inclusion, together with some proposed additional ones: income distribution and monetary poverty, material deprivation, in-work poverty, child poverty and risk of poverty or social exclusion. The main research question concerns whether immigrants/third-country nationals and nationals constitute two rather distinct groups in terms of exposure to poverty or social exclusion. Mainly using data from the EU-SILC Survey, we find that third-country nationals are severely disadvantaged in most countries, and are occasionally exposed to risks multiple times higher than nationals. There are European countries with similar immigrant populations in which these immigrants experience less favorable outcomes compared to other populations in other countries. Comparative analysis allows us to test the significance of different welfare systems in protecting vulnerable groups such as immigrants, using Eurostat statistics and the Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX). In a cross-country analysis, taking demographic and macro-economic differences into account, results show that the impact of social expenditure on poverty is not significant when it comes to protecting third-country nationals.
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18

Zuck, Lowell H., et Robert Jutte. « Poverty and Deviance in Early Modern Europe. » Sixteenth Century Journal 27, no 1 (1996) : 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2544292.

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19

Flynn, Maureen, et Robert Jutte. « Poverty and Deviance in Early Modern Europe. » American Historical Review 101, no 2 (avril 1996) : 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2170431.

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20

Liotti, Giorgio, et Rosaria Canale. « Poverty and labour market institutions in Europe ». Panoeconomicus 67, no 3 (2020) : 277–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan2003277l.

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The aim of this paper is to analyse the effects of flexibility in the labour market on workers? monetary poverty in 15 European countries in the time span 2005-2016. We estimate how the labour market regulation index (LMRI) affects workers? monetary poverty through two empirical exercises: in the first one, we use an autoregressive distributed lag model and, in the second one, the generalized method of moments model. The results suggest that greater flexibility of the labour market is positively correlated with greater monetary poverty among employed people. The result does not change significantly when introducing the effect of the economic crisis and the interaction effect between the economic crisis and the LMRI. Therefore, we conclude that the outcome should be considered to be noticeable whatever the macroeconomic conditions occurring in the labour market.
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21

Williamson, Lori. « Gender and Poverty in Nineteenth-Century Europe ». History : Reviews of New Books 34, no 3 (mars 2006) : 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2006.10526886.

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22

Allen, Robert C. « Progress and poverty in early modern Europe ». Economic History Review 56, no 3 (août 2003) : 403–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.2003.00257.x.

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Abrahamson, Peter. « Researching Poverty and Social Exclusion in Europe ». Journal of European Social Policy 13, no 3 (août 2003) : 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09589287030133008.

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24

Dowler, E. A., et B. M. Dobson. « Nutrition and poverty in Europe : An overview ». Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 56, no 1A (mars 1997) : 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns19970009.

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25

Allen, Ann Taylor. « Gender and Poverty in Nineteenth-Century Europe ». Central European History 40, no 3 (20 août 2007) : 546–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938907000866.

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Room, Graham. « Poverty in Europe : competing paradigms of analysis ». Policy & ; Politics 23, no 2 (1 avril 1995) : 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/030557395782453473.

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Heikkilä, M., et T. Sihvo. « Concepts of poverty and exclusion in Europe ». Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare 6, no 2 (avril 1997) : 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.1997.tb00175.x.

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28

Salmasi, Luca, et Martina Celidoni. « Investigating the poverty-obesity paradox in Europe ». Economics & ; Human Biology 26 (août 2017) : 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2017.02.005.

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Otepka, Pavol, et Volodymyr Grynenko. « Trends and Perspectives of Fuelwood Production in Europe ». Acta Regionalia et Environmentalica 15, no 1 (1 mai 2018) : 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aree-2018-0002.

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Abstract The paper focuses on the identification of trends and perspectives of fuelwood production in most countries of Europe. The shortages in forest territories per capita have been considered as forest poverty and the level of forest poverty has been measured. The indicator of fuelwood production intensity, which is defined as fuelwood production per hectare has been evaluated for every country under consideration. The EU countries have been classified by fuelwood production effectiveness and forest poverty. Trends of fuelwood production have been determined and the forecast of fuelwood production have been developed for selected countries.
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Leventi, Chrysa, Holly Sutherland et Iva Valentinova Tasseva. « Improving poverty reduction in Europe : What works best where ? » Journal of European Social Policy 29, no 1 (8 octobre 2018) : 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928718792130.

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This article examines how income poverty is affected by changes to the scale of tax-benefit policies and which are the most cost-effective policies in reducing poverty or limiting its increase in seven diverse EU countries. We do that by measuring the implications of increasing/reducing the scale of each policy instrument, using microsimulation methods while holding constant the policy design and national context. We consider commonly applied policy instruments with a direct effect on household income: child benefits, social assistance, income tax lower thresholds and a benchmark case of rescaling the whole tax-benefit system. We find that the assessment of the most cost-effective instrument may depend on the measure of poverty used and the direction and scale of the change. Nevertheless, our results indicate that the options that reduce poverty most cost-effectively in most countries are increasing child benefits and social assistance, while reducing the former is a particularly poverty-increasing way of making budgetary cuts.
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Jenkins, Stephen P. « Perspectives on Poverty in Europe. Following in Tony Atkinson’s Footsteps ». Italian Economic Journal 6, no 1 (28 septembre 2019) : 129–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40797-019-00112-0.

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Abstract I address four topics: how our capacities to monitor poverty in Europe have improved substantially over recent decades; how progress on EU poverty reduction has been disappointing and why this has been; conceptual and measurement issues; and the future direction of EU-level anti-poverty actions. I follow in the footsteps of a giant—my perspectives are essentially elaborations of points made by Tony Atkinson.
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FOUARGE, DIDIER, et RICHARD LAYTE. « Welfare Regimes and Poverty Dynamics : The Duration and Recurrence of Poverty Spells in Europe ». Journal of Social Policy 34, no 3 (15 juin 2005) : 407–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279405008846.

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This article seeks to evaluate how well the different welfare states of Europe perform in terms of preventing recurrent and persistent income poverty and what household and individual characteristics influence poverty duration. Because we use cross-national data on longitudinal poverty, we are able to increase our understanding of the effect of the institutional context within which poverty occurs. We show that country welfare regimes strongly influence long-run poverty, with social democratic countries reducing the level of persistent and recurrent poverty. Liberal and Southern European regime countries have both higher rates and longer durations of poverty. Despite their dissimilar patterns of poverty duration, European welfare states display rather similar patterns of exit from poverty, once we control for duration. There is some evidence that high initial exit rates from poverty in social democratic and corporatist countries decrease quickly whereas those in liberal and Southern European countries remain high, which could suggest lower levels of incentives in the former.
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Fehler, Timothy G., et Brian Pullan. « Poverty and Charity : Europe, Italy, Venice, 1400-1700. » Sixteenth Century Journal 27, no 1 (1996) : 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2544374.

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Aassve, Arnstein, Maria Iacovou et Letizia Mencarini. « Youth poverty and transition to adulthood in Europe ». Demographic Research 15 (27 juillet 2006) : 21–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/demres.2006.15.2.

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Calado, Alexandre Daniel Duarte Carvalho, Luís Manuel Antunes Capucha, Jane Gray et Kazimiera Maria Wódz. « Fighting Poverty in Times of Crisis in Europe ». Comparative Sociology 21, no 4 (11 août 2022) : 447–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10058.

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Abstract The debt crisis sparked a growing interest in resilience as a means to address socioeconomic hardship in Europe. This research used qualitative secondary analysis of three emblematic cases to examine resilience processes in countries with diverse welfare regimes: Poland, Portugal and Ireland. The goal is to undertake a comparative analysis of the lived experiences of households in situations of hardship, while addressing the influence of sociopolitical frameworks on social agency. Under an economic recession and reduced social investment, findings show that resilience processes had only marginal positive effects, consisting mostly of survival practices to cope with increased levels of poverty and social risk, regardless of national setting. Instead of leading to sustained improvements in their lives, resilience processes increased the vulnerability of individuals. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors discuss why policy-makers remain attracted to resilience as a social response to crises and how it is shaping the European Union’s social policy.
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Huang, Zhilin, Xi Ming et Hongbo Duan. « Heterogeneous effects of energy poverty convergence in Europe ». Energy Strategy Reviews 41 (mai 2022) : 100822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2022.100822.

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Baldini, Massimo, Vito Peragine et Luca Silvestri. « Quality of Government and Subjective Poverty in Europe ». CESifo Economic Studies 64, no 3 (18 décembre 2017) : 371–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cesifo/ifx023.

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Howden-Chapman, P. « Poverty and painting : representations in 19th century Europe ». BMJ 325, no 7378 (21 décembre 2002) : 1502–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.325.7378.1502.

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Bradshaw, Jonathan, Dominic Richardson et Veli‐Matti Ritakallio. « Child poverty and child well‐being in Europe ». Journal of Children's Services 2, no 1 (juin 2007) : 18–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17466660200700003.

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Marmot, M. « International comparators and poverty and health in Europe ». BMJ 321, no 7269 (4 novembre 2000) : 1124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1124.

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Kyzyma, Iryna, et Donald R. Williams. « Public cash transfers and poverty dynamics in Europe ». Empirical Economics 52, no 2 (15 avril 2016) : 485–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00181-016-1085-5.

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Canale, Rosaria Rita, Giorgio Liotti et Ugo Marani. « Structural public balance adjustment and poverty in Europe ». Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 50 (septembre 2019) : 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2019.07.002.

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43

Weir, Margaret. « Race and Urban Poverty : Comparing Europe and America ». Brookings Review 11, no 3 (1993) : 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20080402.

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ABRAHAMSON, PETER. « Coping with Urban Poverty : Changing Citizenship in Europe ? » International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 29, no 3 (septembre 2005) : 608–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00607.x.

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Madanipour, Ali, et Sabine Weck. « Social exclusion and poverty in Europe : Territorial patterns ». Local Economy : The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 30, no 7 (25 août 2015) : 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094215601628.

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Madanipour, Ali, Mark Shucksmith et Hilary Talbot. « Concepts of poverty and social exclusion in Europe ». Local Economy : The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 30, no 7 (3 septembre 2015) : 721–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094215601634.

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47

Laven, Peter, Martin Clark, Lucio Sponza, John A. Scott, John C. Barnes, Letizia Panizza, Martin L. Mclaughlin et al. « Poverty and Charity : Europe, ItalY, Venice, 1400–1700 ». Italian Studies 51, no 1 (janvier 1996) : 204–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/its.1996.51.1.204.

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48

Bouget, Denis. « Book Review : Breadline Europe : The Measurement of Poverty ». European Journal of Social Security 5, no 3 (septembre 2003) : 267–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/138826270300500306.

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49

Marklund, S. « Social policy and poverty in post-totalitarian Europe ». Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare 2, no 3 (juillet 1993) : 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.1993.tb00027.x.

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Sainsbury, Diane, et Ann Morissens. « Poverty in Europe in the mid-1990s : the effectiveness of means-tested benefits ». Journal of European Social Policy 12, no 4 (1 novembre 2002) : 307–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/a028598.

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This article examines the income maintenance policies of several members of the European Union and three candidate countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. It addresses the issue of the effectiveness of these policies and especially means-tested safety nets in alleviating poverty. To assess the effectiveness of the policies, we use data from the Luxembourg Income Study. We analyse the incidence of poverty based on the EU poverty line and poverty reduction for the entire population and vulnerable groups - the unemployed, solo mothers, large families, and the elderly. During the 1990s the poverty rates increased in most countries and for most vulnerable groups. Means-tested benefits assumed growing importance in alleviating poverty, and several countries have improved their schemes to guarantee a minimum income. At the same time reforms have produced diversity in the safety nets across Europe.
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