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1
Nestorović, Marko, et Branko Konstantinović. « Assessment of herbicide efficiency in potato crops ». Herbologia an International Journal on Weed Research and Control 14, no 1 (juin 2014) : 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/herb.14.1.05.
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Jefferies, R. A., et D. K. L. MacKerron. « Stemflow in potato crops ». Journal of Agricultural Science 105, no 1 (août 1985) : 205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600055891.
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Interception of rain by the plant canopy and stemflow resulting in non-uniform distribution of soil water beneath the canopy has long been recognized in forest trees (Eschner, 1967). Rutter (1975) stated that stemflow may vary from quite small quantities to as much as 20% of the net rainfall and Geiger (1965) had earlier quoted data both from Ovington (1954), who found stemflow to be 0·1–0·3% of rainfall in seven forest canopies, and from Eidmann (1959) showing that a fir and a beech canopy gave 0·7 and 16·6% respectively of the average rainfall as stemflow. However, there have been few studies of the distribution of rain beneath the canopies of agricultural crops despite the implications which non-uniform distribution might have for studies of crop water and nutrients.
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Amantaev, Nurbolat. « Cryopreservation methods for in vitro potato crops : an overview ». Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series” 105, no 1 (30 mars 2022) : 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg1/32-41.
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Potato is considered as one of the most important agricultural crops in the world. The genetic resources of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L. ssp. tuberosum) and similar cultivated varieties are preserved by storing tubers or plants in vitro and cryopreservation. Arrays of worldwide scientific research centers utilize the cryopreservation method to preserve plant genetic resources. It is used especially for those plants that are reproduced by vegetative method; it is impossible to preserve genetic identity of their material when propagating by seeds. Currently, international standards of gene banks have been developed (FAO, Gene bank Standards for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, 2014) for the long shelf life of samples of vegetative propagated plants and vegetable crops at ultra-low temperatures. These standards have been discussed by scientists from many countries in the world. It is connected with the fact that no cryopreservation methods are standardized for a particular plant object. Present overview provided information on various methods of cryopreservation of potatoes for long-term storage of the gene pool of vegetative reproduction. The most updated methods included quick–freeze: encapsulation-dehydration, vitrification, slow programmable freezing, encapsulation-vitrification, and droplet-vitrification. All these biotechnological methods made it possible to obtain healthy potato material, which was free from viral and fungal infections. They also facilitate to obtain test tube plants in large quantities, as well as to create large cryocollections of valuable forms of cultivated plant crops.
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Melnichuk, F. S., S. A. Alekseeva et O. V. Hordiienko. « PROTECTION OF POTATO CROPS AGAIST PESTS ». Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник "Меліорація і водне господарство", no 1 (22 juillet 2019) : 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/mivg201901-166.
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The Colorado potato beetles and aphids are especially harmful pests for potato crops in the conditions of Kyiv region. So, on the 10th day after mass rebirth of the Colorado potato beetle larvae, potato plants on untreated by insecticide plots were completely destroyed by this phytophagus. Preplanting insecticide treatment of potato tubers provided high effectiveness against the Colorado potato beetle prior to the mass rebirth and development of larvae and reduced their density of population and harmfulness. The highest efficacy (93.2-95.2%) against these pests was noted in variants with Prestige, 290 FS, Emesto Quantum 273.5 FS and Celest Top 312.5 FS.
Common scab, dry rot and Rhizoctonia solani were prevailed among the diseases of potato tubers. The greatest effectiveness against the common scab was provided by Prestige, 290 FS. Thus, the infestation of potato tubers by common scab in the variant with application of the Prestige, 290 FS was almost twice lower compared to control. Preparation Celest Top 312.5 FS provided a reduction of dry rot in almost 3 times, and Emesto Quantum 273.5 FS leads to reduction of infestation by Rhizoctonia solani in 4 times, respectively. The treatment of tubers is a reliable protection of potato plants against damage by the Colorado potato beetles and lesion diseases, that made it possible to obtain tuber yields at a level of 24.4-27.4 t per ha.
However, preplanting treatment of planting material with insecticides is not always able to provide the protection of potato seedlings against damage by Colorado beetles. The mass reproduction of these pests occurs after planting of tubers and emerging of stalks at high air temperatures. Therefore, it is necessary to provide additionally spraying of plants. Typically, the insecticides used in recommended rates have a long period of protective action, which eliminates the need for further treatments on vegetative plants. The anti-resistant effect of this treatment is associated with the use of the neonicotinoids class insecticides (eg, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin), that have different mechanism of action compared to pyrethroids. Under such conditions, it is important to search, investigate and introduce modern, effective insecticides into agricultural production. For this purpose the research on the preparations from separate classes of chemical compounds with various toxic properties was conducted.
The most effective against the larvae of Colorado potato beetles were insecticides Confidor, 20% SC, Calypso, 48% SC and Engeo 24.7% SC when spraying potato plantings. Duration of their protection was prolonged for two weeks after the application of insecticides. The maximum technical efficiency was reached as 99.5% (Confidor, 20% SC), 99.2% (Calypso, 48% SC) and 99.3% (Engeo 24.7% SC) on the third day after application. Other insecticides such as Mospilan, 20% SP and Actara, 24% WG (96.2-97.0%) provided somewhat lower the mortality rate of these phytophages.
The highest and prolonged effect against aphids was obtained by spraying potato plantings with the preparations Engeo 24.7% SC and Confidor, 20% SC, the efficiency of which reached 98.2% and 93.1%, that decreased the number of aphids in almost 60 times, compared with the control. Spraying potato plantings with insecticides according to the recommended rates of application allows obtaining the yield of tubers at the level of 25,6-28,2 t per ha.
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Stufkens, M. A. W., et D. A. J. Teulon. « Aphids species on potato crops in Canterbury ». New Zealand Plant Protection 54 (1 août 2001) : 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2001.54.3746.
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A survey of aphids infesting table processing and seed potato crops was undertaken in Canterbury during the 19992000 season (November March) The green peach aphid (Myzus persicae (Sulzer)) was the most common aphid found on potato plants (>85 of all aphids) followed by the foxglove aphid (Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach)) and the potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas)) These three aphids are vectors of the potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) and other potato viruses A further eight species were found in low numbers including five species that are vectors of potato viruses (not PLRV) The melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) was found in sizable numbers on sprayed potatoes in the Hawkes Bay This species which is known to have developed resistance to some insecticides on other crops in New Zealand was found in only low numbers in three crops in Canterbury
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Kerlan, C., M. Tribodet, L. Glais et M. Guillet. « Variability of Potato Virus Y in Potato Crops in France ». Journal of Phytopathology 147, no 11-12 (décembre 1999) : 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.1999.00441.x.
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Kimpinski, J., L. M. Edwards, C. E. Gallant, H. W. Johnson, J. A. MacLeod et J. B. Sanderson. « Influence of previous crops and nematicide treatments on root lesion nematode populations and crop yields ». Phytoprotection 73, no 1 (12 avril 2005) : 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706015ar.
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A field study assessing the influence of the previous crop, the crop sequence, and aldicarb treatments on root lesion nematode populations and crop yields was carried out in Prince-Edward-Island, Canada. The most recent crop had the greatest impact on nematode numbers. The crop sequences had an influence in some cases on root lesion nematode populations (primarily Pratylenchus penetrans) and on crop yields. In commercial barley (Hordeum vulgare) fields, root lesion nematodes in roots were greatest when barley followed a red clover (Trifolium pratense) timothy (Phleum pratense) ley, and stunt nematodes (Tylenchorhynchus spp., primarily T. dubius, and Merlinius spp.) were more common when barley followed barley. The combined dry weight of foliage and grain was larger when barley was planted after potato (Solanumtuberosum) and smaller when barley followed barley or a red clover-timothy mixture. Under experimental field conditions, root lesion nematode populations were largest in barley roots when barley followed potato and grain yields were smallest when barley followed barley. Changes in nematode populations in potato were not associated with crop sequences. Potato tuber yields were higher in the sequences that began with wheat (Triticum aestivum) or barley than in the sequences that began with potato or soybean (Glycine max). Aldicarb reduced the numbers of root lesion nematodes in roots with concomitant yield increases in potato and soybean.
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Johnson, Dennis A., et Thomas F. Cummings. « Effect of Extended Crop Rotations on Incidence of Black Dot, Silver Scurf, and Verticillium Wilt of Potato ». Plant Disease 99, no 2 (février 2015) : 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-14-0271-re.
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Potato tubers were collected and evaluated for symptoms and signs of black dot, silver scurf, and Verticillium wilt to determine the effect of extended crop rotations on disease incidences in the Columbia Basin. Incidence of tubers with black dot collected from storage significantly decreased as the number of years between potato crops increased from 3 to 5 years and beyond and significantly increased as the number of previous potato crops increased to 16. The highest incidence of black dot (range of 73 to 98%) was from fields rotated out of potatoes for 1 to 3 years. The mean incidence of black dot was 56% for fields out of potatoes for 0 to 4 years and 12% for fields out of potatoes 5 and more years. A low incidence (0 to 9%) of black dot was detected at 15 years out of potatoes. Years out of potato and number of prior potato crops accounted for 71% of the variability associated with the incidence of black dot. Severity of black dot on tuber periderm peels significantly increased as incidence of tuber periderm peels with Colletotrichum coccodes increased. Coefficient of determination was 0.87 for log severity on regressed on black dot incidence. Incidence of silver scurf was highest from fields out of potatoes for 1 year. Incidence of silver scurf infected tubers significantly increased as the number of previous potato crops increased due to short rotations between potato crops. Incidence of tubers with Verticillium dahliae was not related to years between potato crops or number of previous potato crops. The present study confirmed that black dot can be reduced with rotations out of potatoes greater than 5 years.
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Antolínez, Moreno, Ontiveros, Pla, Plaza, Sanjuan, Palomo et al. « Seasonal Abundance of Psyllid Species on Carrots and Potato Crops in Spain ». Insects 10, no 9 (6 septembre 2019) : 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10090287.
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Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) can transmit the phloem restricted bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso). In Europe, Lso causes severe losses to carrot and represents a threat to the potato industry. A rising concern is Lso transmission from carrot to potato and within potato, and this has driven the need for monitoring populations of psyllid species which could serve as vectors on both crops. This would provide a fundamental understanding of the epidemiology of Lso. Different sampling methods were used to survey populations of psyllid species in commercial carrot and potato fields in central and eastern mainland Spain from 2015 to 2017. Two psyllid species, Bactericera trigonica and Bactericera nigricornis were found on carrot and potato crops. In carrot fields the most abundant species was B. trigonica (occurring from crop emergence to harvest); whereas in potato crops the most abundant psyllid species was B. nigricornis. Depending on field location, the maximum psyllid populations occurred between June and October. Since B. nigricornis was found on both carrot and potato and is the only psyllid species able to feed and reproduce on both these crops in Europe, there is the potential risk of Lso transmission from carrot to potato.
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Searle, B. P., P. Jarvis et R. J. Lucas. « MANAGING POTATO CROPS FOR CULINARY QUALITY ». Acta Horticulturae, no 670 (avril 2005) : 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2005.670.12.
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Neicu, E., V. Popescu et G. Campeanu. « FORCING EARLY POTATO CROPS IN ROMANIA ». Acta Horticulturae, no 760 (juillet 2007) : 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2007.760.41.
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López-Pérez, Gonzalo C., Manuel Arias-Estévez, Eugenio López-Periago, Benedicto Soto-González, Beatriz Cancho-Grande et Jesús Simal-Gándara. « Dynamics of Pesticides in Potato Crops ». Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54, no 5 (mars 2006) : 1797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf0525737.
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Jabłońska-Ceglarek, R., et W. Wadas. « Effect of nonwoven polypropylene covers on early tuber yield of potato crops ». Plant, Soil and Environment 51, No. 5 (19 novembre 2011) : 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3578-pse.
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In this six-year research study the effect of nonwoven polypropylene covering on the quantity and quality of early potato yield was estimated. The use of nonwoven polypropylene covers resulted in an increase in the tuber yield and smaller yield variability in the various years, when compared with the traditional cultivation, especially at a very early date of potato harvest. In the cultivation with nonwoven polypropylene covering, the marketable tuber yield 60 days after planting was higher by 23.34% on average and 75 days after planting by 10.92% in the six-year period of the study, compared with the cultivation with no plant covering. The higher profitable effect of covering was obtained in the years with cold spring. The cultivation method of the potato did not affect the chemical composition of the tubers harvested after 60 days from planting. After 75 days from planting the tubers of potato cultivated under nonwoven polypropylene covers contained, on average, more dry matter and starch by 0.81% and 0.85%, respectively.
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Kovbasenko, R. V., O. P. Dmitriev et T. M. Oliynik. « Application of auxin-cytokinin substitute in vitro culture Solanacea crops ». Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 26 (1 septembre 2020) : 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v26.1269.
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Aim. The purpose of our research was to establish the possibility of initiation of potato and tomato culture plants using industrial growth regulators, which are legal for use in Ukraine, which include substances with pronounced auxin-cytokinin activity. Methods. In this work, we used varieties of tomato: Khoriv, Borivsky and Bozhedar, Povin potatos. Work in culture in vitro was performed according to conventional methods. Results. A phytohormone substitute was created in a known nutrient agar medium according to Murasige-Skuga. For the in vitro cultivation of tomato and potato plants, phytohormones were replaced by solutions of Ecostim and Ecostim 1, which exhibited auxin-cytokinin activity. The cost of these substitutes is much lower than that of commercial phytohormones. Conclusions. It is shown that optimal for growth in the MS medium in the callusogenesis of Solanacea cultures in vitro. That variant with the use of cytokinin substitutes Ecostim and Ecostim 1 with the rate of using of 35.0 and 40.0 mg/L.
Keywords: modification of MS medium, potatoes, tomatoes, cell culture in vitro.
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Hutton, F., J. H. Spink, D. Griffin, S. Kildea, D. Bonner, G. Doherty et A. Hunter. « Distribution and incidence of viruses in Irish seed potato crops ». Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research 54, no 2 (1 décembre 2015) : 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2015-0011.
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Abstract Virus diseases are of key importance in potato production and in particular for the production of disease-free potato seed. However, there is little known about the frequency and distribution of potato virus diseases in Ireland. Despite a large number of samples being tested each year, the data has never been collated either within or across years. Information from all known potato virus testing carried out in the years 2006–2012 by the Department of Agriculture Food and Marine was collated to give an indication of the distribution and incidence of potato virus in Ireland. It was found that there was significant variation between regions, varieties, years and seed classes. A definition of daily weather data suitable for aphid flight was developed, which accounted for a significant proportion of the variation in virus incidence between years. This use of weather data to predict virus risk could be developed to form the basis of an integrated pest management approach for aphid control in Irish potato crops.
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Nelson, Warrick R., Kylie D. Swisher, James M. Crosslin et Joseph E. Munyaneza. « Seasonal Dispersal of the Potato Psyllid,Bactericera cockerelli, into Potato Crops ». Southwestern Entomologist 39, no 1 (mars 2014) : 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3958/059.039.0121.
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M. NEDUNCHEZHIYAN. « Evaluation of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) based strip intercropping systems for yield, competition indices and nutrient uptake ». Indian Journal of Agronomy 56, no 2 (10 octobre 2001) : 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v56i2.4678.
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Field experiments were conducted at Dumduma, Bhubaneswar, for three consecutive years (2006-2008) to as- sess the sweet potato based strip intercropping systems with respect to productivity, nutrient uptake, competition and economic parameters. Sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas L.) + pigeonpea [ Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] strip inter- cropping system recorded significantly higher root equivalent yield (13.53 t/ha) compared to other cropping sys- tems except sole sweet potato. The total yield gain in sweet potato + pigeonpea system was 28.8% and 24.7% over sweet potato + rice ( Oryza sativa L.) and sweet potato + ragi ( Eleusine coracans L.) strip intercropping sys- tem. Root equivalent yield of sole sweet potato was significantly higher than the sole stand of other crops and strip intercropping systems except sweet potato + pigeonpea. Competition indices like land equivalent ratio (LER), area time equivalent ratio (ATER), aggressivity (A) and monetary advantage index (MAI) values were higher for sweet potato + pigeonpea strip intercropping system. Sweet potato appears more competitive than companion crops like rice or ragi. Partial competition ratio value of companion crops like maize ( Zea mays L.) and pigeonpea had an edge over sweet potato in sweet potato + maize and sweet potato + pigeonpea strip intercropping systems. The uptake of N, P and K were observed to be more when sweet potato, maize and pigeonpea were included in the strip intercropping systems. The root equivalent yield and competition indices and economic parameters indicated that the strip intercropping of sweet potato with pigeonpea is biologically sustainable and economically viable.
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Aprilia, Yohana, et Tinjung Mary Prihtanti. « Analysis of the Efficiency of the Use of Potato Farming Production Inputs in Ngaduman, Getasan District, Semarang Regency ». Syntax Idea 5, no 4 (25 avril 2023) : 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/syntax-idea.v5i4.2174.
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The right allocation of production inputs will provide benefits for farmers. Farmers cultivate potato with different allocation of production inputs. The wrong understanding of the assumption that the more production inputs allocated, the higher the productivity of the crops cultivated, is the cause of the higher production costs incurred by farmers, causing inefficiency. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the use of production inputs and the allocative efficiency of seeds, fertilizers Phonska, fertilizers Za, pesticides, and labor on the productivity level of potatos farming. The research was conducted through interviews with 30 potato farmers as respondents who were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed using the Cobb-Douglas production function model and allocative efficiency analysis. The results showed that land area and labor had a significant positive effect on potatos productivity, while seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides had no significant effect on potatos productivity. In potato farming in Ngaduman, seeds and labor production inputs are not allocatively efficient, while production inputs for fertilizers Phonska , fertiluzers Za and pesticide are allocatively inefficient.
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Pascual, P. R. L., M. C. Nino, A. P. P. Cabrera, L. Q. Escabal, V. U. Pascual et J. H. Ruiz. « Consumer preference in buying snack and beverage products made from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Southern Cebu, Philippines ». Food Research 8, no 2 (3 avril 2024) : 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.8(2).481.
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Sweet potato and cassava are staple root crops in the Philippines and other tropical and subtropical regions. These crops, like other root crops, are considered survival crops. Processing these root crops into different snacks is another way to enhance their commercial value. However, consumer acceptability and preference must be considered to ensure the marketability of new food products developed. This study aimed to assess the consumer’s preference for sweet potato and cassava-based snack and beverage products and developed a strategy to effectively market the products, in Southern Cebu. A 5-point Likert scale survey instrument was used to determine the consumers’ preference (n = 210) in buying root crops derivative products. Results showed that the most preferred products are sweet potato chips (47.02±0.02%), sweet potato juice (45.75±0.02%), and cassava chips (37.20±0.03%). In addition, flavor is the most desired quality and the first thing the consumers consider. Aside from the flavor, consumers also preferred snack and beverage products that are cheap. Based on the stepwise regression, the increasing influence of price, in both sweet potato and cassava snack products, showed a negative effect, with a coefficient (β) -0.155 (CI: -0.015, -0.005) and -0.095 (CI: -0.012, -0.001) respectively. In contrast, increasing the influence of the product quality was found to have an enhancing effect on consumers’ buying preference for sweet potato beverage products, with a coefficient (β) 0.091 (CI: 0.002, 0.080). Therefore, strategies must be centered on these attributes to effectively market the snack and beverage products developed from sweet potato and cassava.
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Shesteperov, Aleksander A., Viktor Ya Shubaderov et Tatiana A. Vasileva. « Experiments on dialog models of prognosis of the population density of Globodera rostochiensis in soil at different types of crop rotation ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 839, no 3 (1 septembre 2021) : 032047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/839/3/032047.
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Abstract On predictive dialogue models, computer experiments were carried out to obtain data on the dynamics of population density of golden potato nematode in the soil after growing susceptible potato varieties, globoder-resistant potato varieties and unaffected plants in a 10-field crop rotation. When carrying out computer experiments on the model for predicting the population density of golden potato nematode in the soil after growing globoder resistant potato varieties in a 10-field crop rotation, it was found that when growing these varieties, it will take 8-9 years to completely destroy golden potato nematode population in the soil under favorable or average long-term conditions growing potatoes and other crops. Under unfavorable growing conditions for agricultural crops and globoder resistant potato varieties, the larvae of the ZKN remain in the soil for more than 10 years. In addition to predicting the population density of golden potato nematode after growing unaffected crops and potato varieties of varying degrees of resistance to nematode Globodera rostochiensis, computer models make it possible to theoretically substantiate optimal fruit changes and crop rotations, which will make it possible to effectively clear fields from phytoparasite.
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Mol, L. « Formation of microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae on various crops ». Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 43, no 2 (1 juin 1995) : 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v43i2.577.
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In 2 pot experiments, potato (cultivars Element, Mirka, Ostara and Astarte), pea, sugarbeet, onion, flax, spring barley, faba beans, spring wheat and spring rape were inoculated with V. dahliae by root dipping or by growing the plants in artificially infested soil. In both treatments the dry matter yield and formation of microsclerotia were determined for aerial parts. In plants grown in infested soil, the DW and microsclerotia formation were determined in stubbles and roots as well. The highest numbers of microsclerotia per g plant material and per pot in the root dipping treatment were found on potato, flax and barley. The microsclerotia density on potato cv. Element, pea and barley was higher in the root dipping treatment than in the soil infestation treatment. The reverse was true for potato cultivars Ostara and Mirka. Dry matter yield of the harvestable organs of potato cultivars Element and Astarte, flax, sugarbeet and barley was lower in the root dipping treatment than in the soil infestation treatment. The greatest inter-crop differences in the microsclerotia yield/pot were in the aerial parts. Flax gave the highest numbers of microsclerotia/pot, followed by the 4 potato cultivars. The other crops had a much lower microsclerotia yield. It is suggested that the results will be useful for modelling effects of various crops on the soil population at crop and farm level.
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Marsh, A. T., L.-H. Cheah et D. I. Hedderley. « Crop rotation with Brassica reduces disease in potato crops ». New Zealand Plant Protection 62 (1 août 2009) : 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2009.62.4848.
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A longterm trial (5 years) was conducted at a commercial property with a history of high incidence and severity of soilborne diseases Five rotational crops (potato pasture Brassica cereal and squash) were tested for their effects on soilborne diseases on potatoes These crops were grown in plots for about 4 months and then ploughed back into the soil 30 days prior to planting potatoes Soil applications of metalaxyl fungicide were used as a standard (control) treatment After four growing seasons there was evidence that rotational treatments particularly Treatment 2 (cereal Brassica crop) reduced the amount of diseased potatoes and the proportion of the crop that was diseased compared with the control treatment (potatoes and pasture with or without metalaxyl) (P0046 and 0016 respectively) Combining these results with harvest data from previous years there was no significant difference between the treatments in terms of yield per plant However there did appear to be a marginal difference (P01) in the proportion of the crop that was diseased with Treatment 4 (without Brassica crop) being higher than other treatments that had Brassica crops In previous work soil analysis had shown that a rotation with Brassica crops reduced the level of Phytophthora and other species of soilborne fungi compared with the same rotation without Brassica crops
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Qamar, Misbah I., Sana Batool, Wajid Aurangzeb, Rimsha Zainab et Sapna Menghwar. « DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES FOR DIAGNOSTIC OF POTATO VIRUSES : A BRIEF REVIEW ». World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 1, no 3 (15 décembre 2016) : 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.33865/wjb.001.03.0011.
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Potato is ranked fourth among the food crops and fifth for human consumption. It provides more yield as compared to cereals and gives more calories. Fungal, viral, thyroid, bacteria, nematode, phytoplasmas and abiotic factors play a pivotal role in yield reduction of potato crop. 38 different potato viruses naturally infect potato crops and PVA, PVM, PVS, PVX, PVY, PLRV and PMTV are reported in three consecutive potato crop of Pakistan. Increasing incidence of PVX and PVY in main potato growing areas of is getting an alarming position and PLRV has caused significant yield losses. The present review article demonstrates different techniques for identification and detection of these viruses..
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Teulon, D. A. J., et M. A. W. Stufkens. « Lack of relationship between aphid virus vector activity and potato leaf roll virus incidence ». New Zealand Plant Protection 54 (1 août 2001) : 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2001.54.3745.
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The relationship between activity of aphid virus vectors and incidence of potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) in seed potato crops was investigated using historical data Numbers of PRLV aphid vectors (mainly green peach aphids) caught in a 75 m suction trap at Lincoln Canterbury and the incidence of primary and secondary PLRV for Ilam Hardy seed crops from the PT seed potato certification scheme in Canterbury were collated from 1982 to 2000 The degree of simple linear relatedness between aphid flight activity and virus incidence was examined Climate variables which may have contributed to aphid survival reproduction and movement in potato crops were also investigated Very low correlation coefficients between all variables tested were obtained Explanations for the lack of any relationship between potato aphid virus vector flights and virus incidence in potatoes are discussed
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Fletcher, J. D. « A virus survey of New Zealand fresh process and seed potato crops during 201011 ». New Zealand Plant Protection 65 (8 janvier 2012) : 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2012.65.5366.
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A survey of 35 potato crops for potato viruses X Y S M A and leafroll was completed in three regions of New Zealand PVS was the most widespread virus with incidences of up to 100 in most crops PVM and PVA were present in around onethird of crops with PVM incidence at 100 in 11 crops The incidence of PVA was always below 35 PVYN was present in 17 of crops Within crops PVY incidence reached 100 in two crops but in the remaining five crops was 50 or lower Potato leafroll virus was detected in only five crops at 2 or less and similarly PVX in three crops at 1 incidence Over 20 years PVS has increased in incidence whereas PVX PVY PVYN and PLRV have decreased Of some concern is the apparent increase in the incidence of PVM Likely reasons for these changes in virus incidence are discussed along with future virus management recommendations
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Maniriho, Aristide, Edouard Musabanganji et Philippe Lebailly. « A Comparative Study between Major Crop (Potato) and Minor Crop (Onion) in Volcanic Highlands of Rwanda ». Journal of Agriculture and Crops, no 82 (4 mars 2022) : 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jac.82.68.74.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper aims to assess the competition between the priority (major) crops and the non-priority (minor) crops. Competition between crops is defined as the significant major differences between two crops in terms of production costs and their performance. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered to a random sample of 226 small-scale crop producers including 94 onion producers and 132 potato producers. The T-test was conducted to state whether there is a significant difference of mean land sizes, mean crop yields, mean selling prices, and mean net farm incomes between the two groups of crop producers. Results showed non significant difference between the mean land size allocated to onion production and that allocated to potato farming. Results also indicate that onion yield is significantly greater than potato yield, onion selling price is significantly greater than that of potato, and the net income from onion production is far away greater than the income from potato production. It is remarkable that, in some circumstances, the authorities may prioritize and thus propose to farmers the crops that are less competitive considering their price, yield or income, if the current climatic conditions and economic settings are maintained in the medium or long term. Referring to these findings, policy efforts should encourages to the farmers to shift from potato farming to onion production, or simply inclusion of crop diversification via adopting onion may be the best option to maximize the potentials of the selected crops.
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Essah, Samuel Y. C., Jorge A. Delgado, Merlin Dillon et Richard Sparks. « Cover Crops Can Improve Potato Tuber Yield and Quality ». HortTechnology 22, no 2 (avril 2012) : 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.22.2.185.
Texte intégralRésumé :
There is the need to develop potato (Solanum tuberosum) cropping systems with higher yields and crop quality. Field studies were conducted with cover crops grown under limited irrigation (<8 inches) to assess the effects of certain types of cover crops on potato tuber yield and quality. On a commercial farm operation before the 2006 and 2007 potato season, mustard (Brassica sp.), canola (Brassica napus), and two cultivars of sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense) were planted. A wet fallow ground treatment where no cover crop was planted was used as a control. Before the 2008 season, barley (Hordeum vulgare), barley plus applied compost, sunflower (Helianthus annus), pea (Pisum sativum), and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) cover crops were added. The results of these 2006–08 studies showed that cover crops have the potential to increase potato tuber yield and quality, as measured by tuber size (larger tubers) and appearance (e.g., tubers with reduced defects such as cracks, knobs, and misshapes). In 2 of the 3 years, most of the cover crops, especially sorghum-sudangrass, increased yields and tuber quality. Positive results from sorghum-sudangrass suggest there is potential to harvest hay from cover crops and still obtain tuber benefits.
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Robinson, Darren E. « Atrazine Accentuates Carryover Injury from Mesotrione in Vegetable Crops ». Weed Technology 22, no 4 (décembre 2008) : 641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-08-055.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Trials were established in 2003, 2004, and 2005 in Ontario to determine the effects of residues of mesotrione, atrazine, and mesotrione plus atrazine 1 and 2 yr after application on broccoli, carrot, cucumber, onion, and potato. One yr after mesotrione application, injury was 43, 37, 18, 24, and 0% in broccoli, carrot, cucumber, onion, and potato, respectively. The addition of atrazine to mesotrione in the year before planting increased injury to 55, 53, 30, 42, and 3% in broccoli, carrot, cucumber, onion, and potato, respectively. Plant dry weight and yield were also decreased by mesotrione residues the year after application in all crops except potato. The addition of atrazine to mesotrione accentuated the reduction in dry weight and yield in broccoli, carrot, cucumber, and onion. There was no injury, or reductions in dry weight or yield in any crop planted 2 yr after application of mesotrione alone or in tank mix with atrazine. A recropping interval of 2 yr is recommended following applications of mesotrione or mesotrione plus atrazine for broccoli, carrot, cucumber, and onion. Potato can be safely planted the year following application of mesotrione plus atrazine.
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Wall, D. A. « Residual effects of ethametsulfuron on succeeding broadleaf crops ». Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, no 4 (1 octobre 1995) : 941–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-158.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The response of dry bean (Phoseolus vulgaris L.), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to soil residues of ethametsulfuron was determined. Buckwheat and sunflower exhibited moderate to severe injury 4 wk after planting; navy bean, buckwheat, sunflower and potato yields were unaffected in the cropping year after ethametsulfuron application. Key words: Sulfonylurea, crop tolerance, yield
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Hunt, D. W. A., et G. Whitfield. « POTATO TRAP CROPS FOR CONTROL OF COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (COLEOPTERA : CHRYSOMELIDAE) IN TOMATOES ». Canadian Entomologist 128, no 3 (juin 1996) : 407–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent128407-3.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractThe use of potato as a trap crop for the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), in processing tomatoes was evaluated. The proportion of beetles counted on potato trap rows vs. the tomato crop on a per plant basis was 0.99, 1 week after transplanting, and never fell below 0.93 on any sampling date. In tomato plots that received no insecticides, potato trap rows placed as much as 16 tomato beds apart were effective in reducing beetle numbers on the tomatoes and producing crop yields 61–87% higher than plots without trap rows. Four of six pairs of plots had significantly fewer adult beetles and significantly higher tomato yields when a potato trap crop was present.
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Гаспарян, И. Н. « Features of cultivation of two potato crops ». Kartofel` i ovoshi, no 10 (7 octobre 2022) : 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25630/pav.2022.53.64.005.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Цель исследований – изучение особенностей возделывания двух урожаев за вегетационный период картофеля ранних сортов в условиях Московской области. Опыты были заложены в 2018–2021 годах в УНПЦ «Овощная опытная станция ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева». Высаживали сорта Метеор, Жуковский, Удача, Снегирь, Ред Скарлетт. На посадку использовали клубни средней фракции (40–80 г), крупной фракции (более 80 г), элиту. Сроки посадки: 1) при прогревании почвы до 6–8 °C (как правило, в конце апреля – начале мая); 2) 15–16 июля. Варианты первого урожая: 1) средняя фракция без проращивания; 2) средняя фракция с проращиванием; 3) Крупная фракция с проращиванием. Вторую посадку проводили сразу после уборки первой на освободившееся место пророщенным посадочным материалом прошлого года тех же сортов. Варианты посадки второго урожая: 1) контроль; 2) глауконитовые пески (30 г/куст); 3) глауконитовые пески (20 г/куст). Использовали природный минерал (глауконит), имеющий микроагрегатные зерна размером от 0,01 до 0,8 мм. Для получения двух урожаев картофеля ранних сортов первую посадку нужно провести как можно в более ранние сроки при прогревании почвы не менее чем до 6–8 °C (для условий Московского региона, как правило, в апреле – мае месяце); вторую посадку следует выполнить после уборки урожая первой посадки на освободившееся место (с учетом севооборота) в середине июля. При первой посадке использование крупного пророщенного посадочного материала в зависимости от сорта повышает количество побегов на 12,5–25,0%, урожайность – на 11–36%; при второй посадке применение пророщенного посадочного материала средней фракции с внесением глауконитовых песков в посадочное ложе в норме 20 г/куст в зависимости от сорта повышает количество побегов на 21,0–47%, урожайность – на 7–31%. The purpose of the research is to study the peculiarities of cultivation of two harvests during the growing season of early potato varieties in the conditions of the Moscow region. The experiments were laid in 2018–2021 at the Educational, scientific and production Center «Vegetable Experimental Station of the RGAU – MTAA named after K.A. Timiryazev». The varieties Meteor, Zhukovsky, Luck, Bullfinch, Red Scarlett were planted. Tubers of medium fraction (40–80 g), large fraction (more than 80 g), elite were used for planting. Landing dates: 1) When the soil is warmed up to 6–8 °C (usually in late April – early May); 2) July 15–16. Variants of the first harvest: 1) The average fraction without germination; 2) Medium fraction with germination; 3) Large fraction with germination. The second planting was carried out immediately after harvesting the first one on the vacant place with sprouted planting material of the same varieties last year. Options for planting the second crop: 1) Control; 2) Glauconite sands (30 g/bush); 3) Glauconite sands (20 g/bush). A natural mineral (glauconite) with microaggregate grains ranging in size from 0.01 to 0.8 mm was used. To obtain two harvests of early potato varieties, the first planting should be carried out as early as possible when the soil is warmed up to at least 6–8 °C (for the conditions of the Moscow region, as a rule, in April-May); the second planting should be carried out after harvesting the first planting in the vacant place (taking into account crop rotation) in mid-July. At the first planting, the use of large sprouted planting material, depending on the variety, increases the number of shoots by 12.5–25.0%, yield – by 11–36%; during the second planting, the use of sprouted planting material of medium fraction with the introduction of glauconite sands into the planting bed at a rate of 20 g/bush, depending on the variety, increases the number of shoots by 21.0–47%, yield – by 7–31%.
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Rouchaud, J., O. Neus, D. Callens et R. Bulcke. « Herbicide flurochloridone soil biodegradation in potato crops ». Toxicological & ; Environmental Chemistry 61, no 1-4 (août 1997) : 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772249709358491.
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Woodford, J. A. T. « Virus transmission by aphids in potato crops ». Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 98, S2 (mars 1992) : 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01974471.
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XU, Yi, et Stewart M. GRAY. « Aphids and their transmitted potato viruses : A continuous challenges in potato crops ». Journal of Integrative Agriculture 19, no 2 (février 2020) : 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2095-3119(19)62842-x.
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Gabenets, V., et S. Bomok. « The influence of growing technology on the resistance of potato varieties to dry fusarium rot ». Karantin i zahist roslin, no 9-10 (17 novembre 2019) : 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2019.9-10.16-19.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Goal. The study of the effectiveness technology of potato cultivation for the phytosanitary state of tubers in the conditions of the Polesie region of Ukraine.
Methods. Research of production crops of the Gabenets farm. Monitoring of major fungal diseases on potato tubers. Identification of phytopathogens on potato tubers. Farming technology consisted of 9 stages and included 6 herbicide-fungicidal treatments in the growing season of potato plants. Samples were collected and phytopathological analysis of potato tubers during harvest was conducted according to conventional methods. Identification of pathogens of fungal diseases was carried out at the Institute of Plant Protection of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, according to conventional methods.
Results. The performance of potato varieties in the application of a set of protection measures in FG “Gabenets” was evaluated. It was analyzed that the yields of varieties on the production crops of the farm were quite high and ranged from 50.25 to 58.10 t / ha, and the yield from one bush — from 1.014 kg to 1.163 kg. The highest yield was on production crops of the Pirol variety and amounted to 58.10 t / ha, compared to the control — 47.30 t / ha. Phytopathological analysis of potato chips varieties was carried out, which resulted in the detection of dry fusarium potato rot in control variants of Opal, Karlenа, Fantasia and Kibitz. No crop disease was detected in production crops where a system of protective measures was applied. Pirol cultivar has proven to be resistant to fungal pathogens.
Conclusions. Protective measures during the vegetation of potato plants prevented the mass development of fungal diseases on potato tubers, which in turn will have a positive effect on the stickiness of the tubers and preserve their marketability.
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Allemann, J., S. M. Laurie, S. Thiart, H. J. Vorster et C. H. Bornman. « Sustainable production of root and tuber crops (potato, sweet potato, indigenous potato, cassava) in southern Africa ». South African Journal of Botany 70, no 1 (mars 2004) : 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6299(15)30307-0.
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Van_Toor, R. F., S. L. H. Viljanen-Rollinson et D. A. J. Teulon. « Benchmarking of potato pesticide use in Canterbury ». New Zealand Plant Protection 61 (1 août 2008) : 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2008.61.6797.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Pesticides for weed insect and disease control in potatoes in Canterbury were assessed via spray diaries tabulated using SprayView Analyst (HortPlus) Spray diaries for 1730 seed crops in six growing seasons (19992006) and 71100 process crops in four growing seasons (20032007) gave data for 13 of the area grown for seed for use by process factories and 28 of the area grown for process potatoes in New Zealand In the most recent growing seasons of the survey seed crops were mostly treated with metribuzin herbicide pencycuron mancozeb/metalaxylM azoxystrobin and propineb fungicides and methamidophos pymetrozine and pirimicarb insecticides Process crops had mostly cyanazine glyphosate linuron and metribuzin herbicides and pencycuron azoxystrobin chlorothalonil copper hydroxide fluazinam and mancozeb/metalaxylM fungicides Weeds pathogens of early and late blight and aphids were presumed the primary pest targets Pesticide resistance strategies were followed in later years in half of seed crops and most process crops
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Alemandri, V., J. A. Martino, L. Di Feo et G. Truol. « Indigenous and introduced species of the Bemisia tabaci complex in sweet potato crops from Argentina ». AgriScientia 31, no 2 (31 décembre 2014) : 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31047/1668.298x.v31.n2.16537.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is one of the most important crops worldwide. Recently, the appearance of severe viral symptoms has been observed in sweet potato crops in the pampas region of Argentina and both begomovirus and crinivirus, exclusively transmitted by whiteflies, have been identified. The aim of this study was to identify B. tabaci species from sweet potato crops in Colonia Caroya by analysing mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) sequences. Two previously described haplotypes were identified: New World2 (indigenous species) and MEAM1 (introduced species). The results indicate the presence of both species, which are potential vectors of begomovirus and crinivirus in Argentina.
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Duskulov, Abdusattar A., Khusanboy S. Makhmudov et Odiljon T. Yuldashev. « Stubble potato planter for sustainable farming ». BIO Web of Conferences 105 (2024) : 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410501010.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article presents an examination of fundamental technologies employed in agricultural crop cultivation, leading to the proposal of a strip tillage technique that integrates fertilizer application and potato planting in fields previously cultivated with winter crops, early vegetables, and intermediate crops. The article further discusses the design and technological process of a stubble potato planter, which facilitates the simultaneous execution of strip tillage, fertilization, and potato planting. The proposed technology and planter design aim to enhance the efficiency and productivity of agricultural practices.
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Tsolmon, Nyamdavaa, et Friedel K. Jürgen. « Tuber yield parameters in organic potato production with green manures as preceding crop, catch crop and with farmyard manure ». Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 17, no 1 (3 janvier 2017) : 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v17i1.722.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The effect of different preceding crops, catch crops and manure application on the agronomic performance of potato was studied in two consequential years in an organic farming system. Within the study the effect of three different preceding crops: viz. lucerne, field pea and spring barley; incorporated catch crops as green manure: non-legume or mixture; and farmyard manure (30 tones ha-1) are tested on subsequent potato yield and tuber size distribution. The catch crop treatments were studied in comparison to control bare fallow. The subsequent crop response to preceding crops was negligible since there was no indication of a greater tuber yields (fresh tuber, marketable and dry matter) after legume pre-crops compared to barley. Catch crops and manure effects both slightly increased tuber dry matter yield from 4.9 tones ha-1 to 5.2 tones ha-1 in 2010 only, on the contrary dry matter yield was not affected by catch crop and manure in 2011. The significant interaction effect was found between year and catch crop for fresh and dry matter tuber yield and non-standard small sized tubers. Catch crops had a positive effect on potato yield only in 2010 when mineral nitrogen availability was low. The catch crops significantly (P < 0.01) increased the percentage of large sized tubers (> 65 mm in diameter); however catch crops even negatively affected potato medium sized tuber yield and quality. Significant (P < 0.01) interaction effect was found between year and catch crop for small sized tubers, also.
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Are, Mihkel, Tanel Kaart, Are Selge et Endla Reintam. « The Effects of Crops Together with Winter Cover Crops on the Content of Soil Water-Stable Aggregates in Organic Farming ». Agriculture 11, no 11 (22 octobre 2021) : 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111035.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The stability of the soil aggregates is an important soil quality indicator, as it affects the soil’s overall functionality. As the soil aggregates are highly affected by agricultural practices, it is essential to know how crops interact with the aggregation process. Therefore, for obtaining more knowledge, this research was conducted in Estonia in an organic crop rotation field experiment from 2012/2013 through 2015/2016 to study the effects of crops (potato → spring barley undersown with red clover → red clover → winter wheat → pea) under different treatments (TC—control; TW—winter cover crops; TW+M—TW with farmyard manure 40 Mg ha−1 per crop rotation). The results showed that in the topsoil (5–10 cm), the soil water-stable aggregate (WSA) content (determined by the wet sieving method) from highest to lowest was following: pea (61.7%), winter wheat (61.6%), spring barley (61.5%), red clover (59.3%), potato (57.1%); whereas in the subsoil (30–35 cm): potato (50.6%), pea (48.5%), red clover (47.9%), spring barley (47.7%), winter wheat (46.4%). Therefore, potato was a noticeable crop, as among the crops, it had the lowest WSA content in the topsoil, while highest in the subsoil. The results shown gave an assumption that the after-effects of some crops (foremost with pea) were noticeable in the soil properties during the following crop. In the topsoil, the differences between crops were significant among crops just for TW and TW+M treatments. In TW, potato was lower than spring barley and winter wheat, but not significantly lower than pea or red clover. In the subsoil, significant differences between crops were observed for TC and TW treatments: in TC, potato was just significantly greater than red clover (but similar to other crops), and in TW, significantly greater than winter wheat. Furthermore, in the topsoil the soil organic carbon (SOC) content was not significantly affected by crops, and the use of winter cover crops generally increased the SOC content while concurrently decreased the WSA content and the soil maximum water holding capacity. This was probably caused by the additional tillage operations which cancelled out the possible benefits for the soil aggregates. As a consequence of the constantly declining SOC content, caused by the weakened soil aggregates, the plant-available P and K contents, especially in the absence of manure applications, decreased as well, probably due to the combination of fixation and removal of plant biomass. Therefore, it is expected that by continuing this trend, the plant growing conditions decline, which in turn will have a negative effect for the aggregate formation and carbon sequestration, which are essential for plant growth.
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Ziemińska-Smyk, Marta, et Czesława Trąba. « Weed infestation of field crops in different soils in the protective zone of Roztocze National Park. Part II. Root crops ». Acta Agrobotanica 57, no 1-2 (2013) : 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2004.020.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The study on weed infestation of root crops in different soils in the protective zone of Roztocze National Park was conducted in the years 1991-1995. As many as 240 phytosociological records, made with the use of Braun-Blanquet method, were taken in potato and sugar beet fields. The number of weed species in sugar beet and potato in the area depended on the soil and type of root crop. In the same environment conditions. the iiuinber of weed species was higher in potato than in sugar beet. The most difficult weed species iii all types of soil were: <i>Chenopodium album, Stellaria media</i> and <i>Convolvulus arvensis</i>. Podsolic soils were highly infested by two acidophylic species: <i>Spergula arvensis</i> and <i>Raphanus raphanistum</i>. Potato in loess soil and brown soil made of loamy sands were highly infested by <i>Echinochloa crus-galli, Equisetum arvense</i> and <i>Galinsoga parviflora</i>. Root crop plantations in brown soils formed from gaizes of granulometric loam texture and limestone soils were infested by: <i>Galium aparine, Sonchus arvensis, Sinapis arvensis</i> and <i>Veronica persica</i>.
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Mielniczuk, Elzbieta, Elżbieta Patkowska et Agnieszka Jamiołkowska. « The influence of catch crops on fungal diversity in the soil and health of oat ». Plant, Soil and Environment 66, No. 3 (30 mars 2020) : 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/38/2020-pse.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The aim of the research was to determine the quantitative and qualitative composition of soil-borne fungi in the cultivation of oat, as well as to assess the healthiness of this cereal. The experiment considered spring barley and potato as forecrops, and white mustard or lacy phacelia cultivated after spring barley as catch crops before oat. The population of fungi showing antagonistic effect towards selected fungi pathogenic to cereal was determined. The most fungi (pathogenic and antagonistic) were found in the soil under oat cultivation after spring barley, while the least after potato. The cultivation of oat after spring barley with the use of catch crops significantly influenced a reduction in the number of fungi obtained from the soil. On the other hand, catch crop cultivation increased the share of antagonists in the soil fungus population. Among the species recognised as antagonistic, Clonostachys rosea, Trichoderma viride, T. koningii, and T. harzianum predominated. The introduction of catch crops, especially white mustard, also positively influenced the healthiness of oat. The average disease index for the tested oat cultivars grown after potato and after spring barley with white mustard and lacy phacelia as catch crops was 11.02, 12.78 and 15.90, respectively, whereas after spring barley it was 21.75.
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Liu, Ning, Ruomei Zhao, Lang Qiao, Yao Zhang, Minzan Li, Hong Sun, Zizheng Xing et Xinbing Wang. « Growth Stages Classification of Potato Crop Based on Analysis of Spectral Response and Variables Optimization ». Sensors 20, no 14 (17 juillet 2020) : 3995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20143995.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Potato is the world’s fourth-largest food crop, following rice, wheat, and maize. Unlike other crops, it is a typical root crop with a special growth cycle pattern and underground tubers, which makes it harder to track the progress of potatoes and to provide automated crop management. The classification of growth stages has great significance for right time management in the potato field. This paper aims to study how to classify the growth stage of potato crops accurately on the basis of spectroscopy technology. To develop a classification model that monitors the growth stage of potato crops, the field experiments were conducted at the tillering stage (S1), tuber formation stage (S2), tuber bulking stage (S3), and tuber maturation stage (S4), respectively. After spectral data pre-processing, the dynamic changes in chlorophyll content and spectral response during growth were analyzed. A classification model was then established using the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm based on spectral bands and the wavelet coefficients obtained from the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) of reflectance spectra. The spectral variables, which include sensitive spectral bands and feature wavelet coefficients, were optimized using three selection algorithms to improve the classification performance of the model. The selection algorithms include correlation analysis (CA), the successive projection algorithm (SPA), and the random frog (RF) algorithm. The model results were used to compare the performance of various methods. The CWT-SPA-SVM model exhibited excellent performance. The classification accuracies on the training set (Atrain) and the test set (Atest) were respectively 100% and 97.37%, demonstrating the good classification capability of the model. The difference between the Atrain and accuracy of cross-validation (Acv) was 1%, which showed that the model has good stability. Therefore, the CWT-SPA-SVM model can be used to classify the growth stages of potato crops accurately. This study provides an important support method for the classification of growth stages in the potato field.
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Nuruzzaman, Md, Most Mahbuba Khanum, Md Mahfuz Bazzaz et Md Aminul Islam. « INCREASING CROPPING INTENSITY AND PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH FOUR CROPS BASED CROPPING PATTERN IN DINAJPUR REGION OF BANGLADESH ». Tropical Agrobiodiversity 3, no 1 (2022) : 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/trab.01.2022.01.05.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A four crops-based trial was conducted for the two consecutive years at MLT site Raniganj, Sadar, Dinajpur and Kashiatola, Ghoraghat, Dinajpur during 2015-16 and 2016-17 to develop a sustainable and economically profitable cropping pattern Potato-Boro-T. Aus-T. Aman against the farmers existing pattern Fallow-Boro-Fallow-T.Aman. The experiment was carried out in RCB design with six dispersed replications. Suitable and short duration high yield potential varieties of different crops Potato ((BARI Alu-7), Boro (BRRRI dhan28) T.Aus (BRRI dhan48) and T.Aman (BRRI dhan62) were selected for the experiment. Grain yield of rice and potato tuber yield was satisfactory. Inclusion of two crops (Potato and T. Aus rice) in the existing pattern attributed to the higher system productivity. The improved alternate cropping pattern produced the higher gross return and gross margin compared to the farmers existing pattern. The marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR) over the existing pattern was 2.01 at Ghoraghat and 1.85 at Raniganj which indicated the superiority of the alternate pattern over the farmer’s practice. Potato based cropping pattern could be most suitable and profitable pattern in these areas. From the two years observations in both the locations, four crops pattern could be recommended for higher system productivity and economic benefit along with for more employment opportunity.
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Thorsness, Kevin B., et Calvin G. Messersmith. « Clopyralid Influences Rotational Crops ». Weed Technology 5, no 1 (mars 1991) : 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00033443.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Field research was conducted at Fargo, Langdon, and Prosper, ND to determine carryover of clopyralid applied at 70 to 560 g ae ha-1 in soil as indicated by response of crops planted 1 yr after application. Flax, potato, and safflower growth at Fargo were not affected by clopyralid residues. At Fargo, soybean height, stand, and yield were reduced by residues from clopyralid at 560 g ha-1, and sunflower heads ha-1 and yield were reduced by residues from clopyralid at 280 and 560 g ha-1 and 560 g ha-1, respectively. Potato and sunflower at Langdon and Prosper and lentil at Langdon were not affected by clopyralid residues. Soybean yield at Prosper was not affected by clopyralid residues, but plant height was reduced by residues from clopyralid at 280 and 560 g ha-1. These results indicate that residues from clopyralid applied at labeled cropland rates, of 280 g ha-1 or less, in silty clay, clay loam, and silty clay loam soils in North Dakota probably will not adversely affect the dicot crops tested in these experiments planted 11 mo or more after application.
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Kapsa, Józef. « Late blight (Phytophthora infestans) occurring on stems - a new problem in potato crops ». Acta Agrobotanica 55, no 1 (2013) : 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2002.013.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In recent years changes in the occurrence of the first potato late blight (<i>Phytophthora infestans</i>) symptoms have been noted. Observations of potato crops have showed that occurrence of the blight symptoms is sometimes on the stem instead on the leaves. The aim of the study carried out in 1995-2001 was to determine occurrence and harmfulness of the stem late blight infections. Survey of many potato crops (490 potato fields) made in 1997-2001, around Poland enabled assessment of the incidence of stem blight. Average 69,1% of observed crops were affected with stem blight. The stem blight incidence was not connected with the rate of the leaf form of late blight developing on the foliage. Stem form of the disease has appeared more often in the years with less rainfall during June and July. Its occurrence was influenced by micro climate inside potato canopy. Glasshouse experiments confirmed the importance of stem lesions in decreasing tuber yield (11,2-42,9%) and increasing tuber infections. Results have shown that tubers contaminated with spores were the least probable source of the stem form of late blight.
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Sarjan, M., Aluh Nikmatullah, Mery Windarningsih et Agus Purbatin Hadi. « Pendampingan Pengembangan Kentang di Dataran Medium Desa Santong-Kabupaten Lombok Utara ». Unram Journal of Community Service 2, no 1 (4 mars 2021) : 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/ujcs.v2i1.24.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The development of potato crops in West Nusa Tenggara Province has been carried out in the Sembalun plateau. However, the Sembalun region faces limited infrastructure support capacity, so one of the strategies to increase potato production is to expand potato development to areas outside the Sembalun region, namely to potential medium plain areas. North Lombok regency has a potential medium plain for the development of potato crops, namely in the santong area of Kayangan subdistrict and Senaru area of Bayan Subdistrict. The National Strategic Excellence Research Team of Mataram University has conducted research for the development of quality potato seeds in the Santong region, followed by the assistance of its development. The results of this sideways show from the aspect of potato cultivation can grow and produce well, but the obstacle faced is the high intensity of attacks of plant destruction organisms. The expansion into this medium plain demands technological innovation of potato production in the medium plain. Therefore, it is considered necessary to conduct sustainable assistance of potato development in North Lombok Regency
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Pasalkar, Jayashree, Ganesh Gorde, Chaitanya More, Sanket Memane et Vaishnavi Gaikwad. « Potato Leaf Disease Detection Using Machine Learning ». Current Agriculture Research Journal 11, no 3 (5 janvier 2024) : 949–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.11.3.23.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Potato is one of the most important crops worldwide, and its productivity can be affected by various diseases, including leaf diseases. Early detection and accurate diagnosis of leaf diseases can help prevent their spread and minimize crop losses. In recent years, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown great potential in image classification tasks, including disease detection in plants. In this study, we propose a CNN-based approach for the prediction of potato leaf diseases. The proposed method uses a pre-trained CNN model, which is fine-tuned on a dataset of potato leaf images. The dataset includes images of healthy leaves and leaves infected with different diseases such as early blight and late blight. The trained model is then used to classify new images of potato leaves into healthy or diseased categories. The proposed approach achieves 97.4% accuracy in the classification of potato leaf diseases such as early blight potato leaf disease and late blight potato leaf disease, and can be used as an effective tool for early detection and management of these diseases in potato crops.
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Larkin, Robert P., et Marin T. Brewer. « Effects of Crop Rotation and Biocontrol Amendments on Rhizoctonia Disease of Potato and Soil Microbial Communities ». Agriculture 10, no 4 (14 avril 2020) : 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10040128.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Rotation crops and biocontrol amendments were investigated for suppression of Rhizoctonia solani on potato (Solanum tuberosum) and their interactive effects on soil microbial communities. Greenhouse trials were conducted to evaluate selected rotation crops, including barley, common and “Lemtal” ryegrass, clover, potato, and combinations of barley with ryegrass or clover, for their effects on populations of R. solani and Rhizoctonia disease. Potato and clover preceding potato resulted in higher disease severity than most other rotations, whereas ryegrass reduced stem canker severity. In addition, all ryegrass treatments resulted in substantially higher populations of R. zeae. Field trials evaluating selected biocontrol treatments in combination with different rotations were conducted at two locations in Maine. Potatoes were treated with the biocontrol organisms Laetisaria arvalis, Trichoderma virens, or Bacillus subtilis and planted following rotation crops of barley and ryegrass, barley and clover, or potato. The barley/ryegrass rotation significantly reduced incidence and severity of stem canker and increased tuber yield at one location. Efficacy of the biocontrol treatments varied by rotation and location, with L. arvalis and T. virens reducing black scurf in some rotations and increasing some aspects of tuber yield at one location. Soil microbial community characteristics differed among rotation crops and biocontrol treatments. Significant crop by biocontrol interactions were observed demonstrating the complex interactions among rotation crops, biocontrol treatments, and soil microbial communities, as well as indicating that biocontrol can be enhanced within beneficial rotations.