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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Postwar reconstruction – Germany »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Postwar reconstruction – Germany"

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Wolski, Paweł. « Rekonstruowanie żydowskiego miasta. Nils Roemer : German City, Jewish Memory. The Story of Worms. Waltham, Brandeis University Press, 2010, pp. 316. Michael Meng : Shattered Spaces. Encountering Jewish Ruins in Postwar Germany and Poland ». Narracje o Zagładzie, no 1 (31 décembre 2015) : 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/noz.2015.01.27.

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Reconstructing a Jewish town. Nils Roemer: German City, Jewish Memory. The Story of Worms. Waltham, Brandeis University Press, 2010, pp. 316. Michael Meng: Shattered Spaces. Encountering Jewish Ruins in Postwar Germany and Poland. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 2011, pp. 351. The text briefly compares two books: Nils Roemer’s German City, Jewish Memory. The Story of Worms and Michael Meng’s Shattered Spaces. Encountering Jewish Ruins in Postwar Germany and Poland. Both represent fascinating approaches to the process of the reconstruction of the Jewish identity as an important part of the European urban culture destroyed during WWII. By discussing these issues on the examples of Worms (Roemer) and Warsaw, Wrocław, Potsdam, Berlin (Meng) both, albeit in different ways, restore the Jewish identity of these cities not only by approaching the history of historical or architectural landmarks, but also by discussing some less material, discoursive memory markers such as mythology, tourism, politics etc.
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Feigel, Lara. « ‘The Sermons in the Stones of Germany Preach Nihilism’ : ‘Outsider Rubble Literature’ and the Reconstruction of Germany, 1945–1949 ». Comparative Critical Studies 13, no 2 (juin 2016) : 233–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ccs.2016.0201.

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This article explores the literature and film produced by the writers and filmmakers sent by the British and Americans to occupied Germany in the four years after the war. Although these figures were intended to help transform the mentality of the Germans, it is argued here that they had less effect on Germany than Germany had on them, and that the crucial (albeit unwitting) result of their visits to Germany was the creation of a genre of art here named ‘outsider rubble literature’ or Fremdentrümmerliteratur. This is a genre that asked, ultimately, what right the Allies had to judge Germany from outside when they were guilty too. It comprises a series of fundamentally ambivalent works of art that often manifest their ambivalence by juxtaposing the two forms of destruction experienced in Germany: the destruction of the bombed cities and the destruction wrought in the concentration camps. The article suggests that this genre of ‘outsider rubble literature’ includes Thomas Mann's great postwar novel Doktor Faustus, arguing that our understanding of this novel is increased if we read it alongside the postwar writing of Stephen Spender, Martha Gellhorn and Klaus Mann, and the postwar filmmaking of Billy Wilder.
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Habermas, Jürgen. « On How Postwar Germany Has Faced Its Recent Past ». Common Knowledge 25, no 1-3 (1 avril 2019) : 364–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0961754x-7299486.

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In this essay Habermas contends that, until 1989, four phases are discernible in how postwar Germany attempted to come to terms with its “unmasterable past.” Between the end of the war in 1945 and the foundation of two German states in 1949, the first reconstruction generation mythologized the Nazi period as a criminal abyss. If this strategy allowed the government of the Federal Republic to assume legal responsibility for reparation claims, it also served to release individuals from working through their own painful pasts. This stage yielded to a second phase, one of “communicative silencing,” during the Adenauer years from 1949-63 in which the second reconstruction generation chose not to speak of the past but rather to concentrate on building the Wirtschaftswunder. The student movement of the 1960s challenged this presentism with demands for disclosure and accountability, and from the mid-1970s until 1989 this quest for unmasking existed in tension with an ongoing desire for evasion. This tension drove the “Historians’ Debate” of those years. Since reunification in 1989, Germany’s attitude toward its past has remained ambivalent. Today a New Right calls for the self-confident reassertion of a German nation unburdened by its past. But the past will lose its hold over Germany, Habermas argues, only through the work of a truly faithful memory.
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Hagemann, Karen, Konrad H. Jarausch et Tobias Hof. « Introduction : Burdens and Beginnings : Rebuilding East and West Germany after Nazism ». Central European History 53, no 2 (juin 2020) : 275–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938920000102.

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AbstractThe introduction discusses the state of the current research on the post-1945 history of East and West Germany, explains the agenda of the special issue and discusses its main topics. The focus is the politics of survival in the chaos of collapse and the controversial debates about the agenda of the reconstruction. In these discussions different visions competed, from the restoration of traditions to efforts of a post-fascist modernization. The introduction questions the postwar success narrative by discussing the “burdens” of the Nazi past, such as Nazi perpetrators, displaced people, expellees and refugees, including the returning German-Jewish survivors. It also engages with the problems of the Cold War division by exploring the “new beginnings”, which were debated in relation to the past of Nazi, Weimar, and Imperial Germany, among them: cultural diplomacy, welfare policy and eldercare, family policy and gender roles, and popular culture. The essay calls for more comparative and transnational research of the postwar era, especially in the areas of the integration into the Cold War blocs, the postwar shifting of borders and peoples, narratives of victimhood, and memory tropes about the war and postwar.
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Jenkins, Jennifer. « The Authority of Everyday Objects : A Cultural History of West German Industrial Design. By Paul Betts. Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press. 2004. Pp. xi +348. $42.99. ISBN 0-520-24004-9. » Central European History 39, no 2 (19 mai 2006) : 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938906390127.

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For Ludwig Erhard, West Germany's “legendary” Minister of Economics, mass consumption played a vital role in the country's postwar recovery. Consumer goods, as he stated in 1949, were the “very foundation of our entire economic, social, and national being” (p. 183). In The Authority of Everyday Objects, Paul Betts explores the centrality of mass consumption to West Germany's postwar history, analyzing how industrial design was called upon to create a sense of national identity following the war. Works from several scholars—Erica Carter, Michael Wildt, Kathy Pence, Uta Poiger, Jonathan Wiesen, and others—have explored the centrality of the national economy and mass consumption to postwar reconstruction. To these works, Betts adds a specific emphasis on design. As he states at the start of his study, consumer goods were to have a particular look, and design was given a powerful place in West German society. It became the chosen terrain for creating a revived sense of national identity following the disasters of dictatorship, war, and genocide. In the postwar period, an “elective affinity” was forged between “industrial design and the rehabilitation of the ‘good German’” (p. 1), he writes. In six chapters, he explores in absorbing detail how industrial design, with its single-minded mission to turn “mere” commodities into “cultural objects” (Kulturgüter), was invested with political meaning in postwar West Germany. The new world of consumer goods, supported by official discourses on the social importance of “good design,” both rehabilitated West Germany's image internationally and exhibited a desirable vision of consumer citizenship to domestic audiences.
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Pearson, Benjamin. « The Pluralization of Protestant Politics : Public Responsibility, Rearmament, and Division at the 1950sKirchentage ». Central European History 43, no 2 (13 mai 2010) : 270–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938910000038.

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In the aftermath of World War II, Christian leaders in Germany embraced the political ideology of Christian Democracy. Viewing Nazism as a form of materialism and atheism, which they blamed on the ongoing secularization and moral decay of German society, both Protestant and Catholic leaders argued that only the society-wide renewal of Christian faith and Christian values could provide a solid foundation for the future. Enjoying a privileged position in the eyes of the western Allies (particularly the Americans), the churches took on a leading role in the reconstruction of German society. And, working to overcome the postwar disillusionment of many of their members, church leaders urged their followers to take active, personal responsibility for political life in the new German states.
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Warkentin, Erwin J. « War by Other Means : British Information Control and Wolfgang Borchert's Draußen vor der Tür ». Comparative Critical Studies 13, no 2 (juin 2016) : 255–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ccs.2016.0202.

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This article focuses on the stage and radio play Draußen vor der Tür (The Man Outside) by Wolfgang Borchert, broadcast in the British zone of occupation for the first time on 13 February 1947. A careful comparison of the stage and radio versions allows us to ascertain the degree to which the changes made by the British radio control officers Hugh Carleton Greene and David Porter were political in nature. The article opens by outlining both the history of the creation of the radio version and Borchert's attitude towards the Public Relations/ Information Services Division of the Control Commission for Germany (PR/ISC) (through the analysis of Borchert's correspondence).The original NWDR (Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk/ Northwest German Broadcasting) typescript of the radio broadcast, complete with handwritten emendations, is then compared with the published version, confirming how the radio play was edited to conform to British broadcast standards for a German audience, as well as the Anglo-American reeducation programme for Germany. Greene and Porter systematically edited out mention of postwar German suicides, overt German suffering, attacks on the German institutions the British considered important in the reconstruction of Germany, and any suggestion that the Allies had engaged in morally dubious acts during or after the war.
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Berg, Matthew Paul. « Arbeitspflicht in Postwar Vienna : Punishing Nazis vs. Expediting Reconstruction, 1945–48 ». Austrian History Yearbook 37 (janvier 2006) : 181–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237800016830.

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Even before the war in Europe ended formally on 8 May 1945, there could be no serious misconceptions—either among defeated and liberated peoples or among the victorious Allied powers—as to how complex the challenges of reconstructing physical infrastructure and social networks would be.1 This was particularly true in urban areas within what had been Germany's 1938 borders, where the impact of air raids had reduced many areas to rubble and had damaged the rail and road connections that supplied foodstuffs and other necessities. In Berlin and other cities, images of people clearing debris from lunar landscapes dominated the popular imagination in the late 1940s and over the following decades. Indeed, when images of immediate postwar reconstruction have been invoked, it would appear as if there existed a heroic, unbroken connection between the initiative of these largely female volunteers (Trümmerfrauen) and the economic miracle associated overwhelmingly with largely male labor in West Germany a decade later. If a remarkable preparedness to come to terms with the exigencies of the present manifested itself during the initial postwar months, historians have subsequently offered insights into how problematic a consistent and thorough confrontation with the Nazi past proved to be during the later 1940s and beyond.
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Fishman, Nina, Anita J. Prazmowska et Holger Heith. « Communist Coalmining Union Activists and Postwar Reconstruction, 1945–52 : Germany, Poland, and Britain ». Science & ; Society 70, no 1 (janvier 2006) : 74–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/siso.2006.70.1.74.

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Rinke, Stefan. « From Informal Imperialism to Transnational Relations : Prolegomena to a Study of German Policy towards Latin America, 1918-1933 ». Itinerario 19, no 2 (juillet 1995) : 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300006823.

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Although never more than a junior partner or rival to the hegemonic powers Great Britain and United States, the German states and later the Reich have since independence played an important role in the foreign relations of Latin America. German-Latin American relations in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries have been the subject of a growing body of research over the last three decades. The interest of historians has focused on the development of these relations throughout the nineteenth century, the era of German imperialism 1890-1914, and on the infiltration of National Socialism and its Auslandsorganisation (organization for Nazi party members living abroad) in Latin America from 1933 to 1945. In addition, the reconstruction of German ties to the Latin American states after the Second World War and postwar emigration from Germany to Latin America are subjects which scholars have recendy begun to analyze.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Postwar reconstruction – Germany"

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Adams, Stephanie P. « Too Many (Working) Women : Economic Reconstruction and Constructing Gender Roles in Western Germany, 1946-1957 ». Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1212782224.

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Jacoby, Wade. « The politics of institutional transfer : two postwar reconstructions in Germany, 1945-1995 ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11216.

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DARTMANN, Christoph. « Re-distribution of power, joint consultation or productivity coalitions ? :Labour and postwar reconstruction in Germany and Britain, 1945-1963 ». Doctoral thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5752.

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Defence date: 9 November 1992
Examining board: Prof. Werner Abelshauser, Universität Bielefeld (co-supervisor) ; Prof. Horst Lademacher, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster ; Dr. Joseph Melling, University of Exeter ; Prof. Alan S. Milward, London School of Economics and Political Science (supervisor) ; Prof. Bo Stråth, Universitetet i Göteborg
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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Yang, Ming-Ting, et 楊茗婷. « The Postwar Reconstruction and Development of Social Market Economy in Germany ». Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76767006711096318525.

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碩士
國立中興大學
歷史學系所
100
Why could West Germany create the “economic miracle” after 1945? What role did Ludwig Erhard, the economics minister of West Germany from 1949 to 1963, played in the creation of economic miracle? And was Erhard''s “social market economy” a real success? In the years as the economics minister, Erhard tirelessly promoted the free‐market ideas he had adopted in the early 1920s. He insisted on the importance of the price mechanism, the danger of economic cartels, and the necessity of risk for a vibrant economy. Therefore, economic demand should be shaped by consumers, not state planers. However, Erhard was not a simple laissez‐faire capitalist. In his view, a strong state should set the ground rules for market competition. Then in the late 1940s, Erhard popularized his program as the “social market economy”. Erhard was named director of the Administration for Economics of the Bizone (the merged American and British occupation zones) in March 1948. In this position, he oversaw the most influential economic reform of the postwar years: the currency reform of June 1948. Most important, and at his insistence, the reform was accompanied by freeing prices of many consumer goods. This allowed the early introduction of a wide‐ranging market economy. The currency reform was followed by extensive tax cuts. Erhard resisted calls to introduce state economic planning and advocated the liberalization of domestic and international markets. The latter position led him to oppose the creation of the European Common Market; Erhard believed that integration would bureaucratize the economy of Western Europe. Throughout the 1950s, the economy responded to Erhard''s policies with high rates of growth peaked at 12 percent in 1955, and West Germany continued to enjoy Europe''s fastest growth rate until 1961.
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Livres sur le sujet "Postwar reconstruction – Germany"

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Building free societies in Iraq and Afghanistan : Lessons from post world war II transitions in Germany and Japan. Washington, D.C : Hudson Institute, 2004.

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Phelps, James R. What happened to the Iraqi police ? : Applying lessons in police democratization successes in West Germany and Japan. Durham, N.C : Carolina Academic Press, 2010.

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Geopolitics and trajectories of development : The cases of Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Germany, and Puerto Rico. Berkeley : Institute of East Asian Studies, 2010.

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The Western allies and the politics of food : Agrarian management in postwar Germany. Leamington Spa, Warwickshire, UK : Berg Publishers, 1985.

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Jennings, Ray Salvatore. The road ahead : Lessons in nation building from Japan, Germany, and Afghanistan for postwar Iraq. Washington, DC : United States Institute of Peace, 2003.

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Jennings, Ray Salvatore. The road ahead : Lessons in nation building from Japan, Germany, and Afghanistan for postwar Iraq. Washington, DC : United States Institute of Peace, 2003.

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A question of priorities : Democratic reforms and economic recovery in postwar Germany : Frankfurt, Munich, and Stuttgart under U.S. occupation, 1945-1949. Providence, R.I : Berghahn Books, 1996.

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Bridge builder : An insider's account of over 60 years in postwar reconstruction, international diplomacy, and German-American relations. West Lafayette, Ind : Purdue University Press, 2012.

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What happened to the Iraqi police ? : Applying lessons in police democratization successes in West Germany and Japan. Durham, N.C : Carolina Academic Press, 2010.

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Phelps, James R. What happened to the Iraqi police ? : Applying lessons in police democratization successes in West Germany and Japan. Durham, N.C : Carolina Academic Press, 2010.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Postwar reconstruction – Germany"

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Baldi, Gregory. « Germany I : The Reconstruction of General Education ». Dans Ideas, Institutions, and the Politics of Schools in Postwar Britain and Germany, 187–225. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98156-3_7.

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Gimbel, John. « Science, Technology, and Reparations in Postwar Germany ». Dans American Policy and the Reconstruction of West Germany, 1945–1955, 175–96. Cambridge University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139052559.009.

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Rodden, John G. « “Who Has the Youth, Has the Future” ». Dans Repainting the Little Red Schoolhouse. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195112443.003.0007.

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Experiencing everyday life in another culture places your own in stark relief. Assumptions stand revealed, often by utterly minor objects and events. Consider, for instance, bananas. Bananas? We Americans take them for granted, we even trivialize them—playing second banana, being driven bananas, going bananas, and on and on. But not so in Germany. To Germans, bananas are not such a light-hearted matter. As one well-known Cologne artist who has stenciled his Andy Warhol–style, Day- Glo bananas on the outer walls of hundreds of art galleries has proclaimed: “Bananas are almost a holy object in Germany.” Banana-crazed Germans, joked Der Stern in 1992, are “the apes of the EC.” These exaggerations warrant our attention. For bananas are an impossibly overdetermined symbol in Germany, signifying justice, national self-determination, cultural pride, deprivation, prosperity, communist tyranny, capitalist luxury, unity, and economic and even sexual freedom. The banana occupies a special place in Germany’s national psyche and in the history of German re-education, given its role in both early postwar reconstruction and recent reunification. Let us therefore examine that role at some length here, for it turns out that “banana politics” bears revealingly, if unexpectedly and often amusingly, on the issues of German identity and German re-education—and reflects Teutonic tensions both within and outside reunited Germany. Ever since hunger overtook war-torn, occupied Germany in the mid-1940s, when even basic foodstuffs were unobtainable, bananas have symbolized Plenty to both western and eastern Germans—the plenty western Germans eventually obtained, the plenty eastern Germans always lacked. In West Germany, the early postwar generation endured rationing and shortages until mid-century. As children, many of them knew of bananas only through the reminiscences of their elders. For them the fruit still evokes childhood memories of humiliation, dispossession, and hunger. All this began to change in West Germany with the Wirtschaftswunder (economic miracle) of the 1950s. West German parents delightedly weaned their infants on “Banana Salad” baby food, the leading seller of Hipp, the Gerber’s of West Germany.
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Lustig, Jason. « 3 Bernhard Brilling and the Reconstruction of Jewish Archives in Postwar Germany ». Dans Rebuilding Jewish Life in Germany, 48–64. Rutgers University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36019/9781978800755-004.

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Strote, Noah Benezra. « Introduction ». Dans Lions and Lambs. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300219050.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter provides a background of the creation of post-Nazi Germany. Comprehending Germany's rebirth as a liberal democracy remains necessary today not only because it marks the beginning of that country's return as the most powerful force in Europe, but also because Western politicians have held it up as a success story whose putative lessons can be applied to other conflict zones all over the globe. Books on the American occupation tend to speculate on the effects of the U.S. government's mission to help Germans “learn democracy” before returning full sovereignty to the defeated nation. However, these tales often say more about what Americans want to believe about their postwar humanitarian efforts than about the realities of the reconstruction. Instead of focusing on economic development and American influence, this book turns attention to changes within Germany before American occupation troops arrived and long after they left.
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Biess, Frank. « Moral Angst ». Dans German Angst, 66–94. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198714187.003.0003.

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This chapter analyzes a little-known episode of moral panic during the 1950s: the alleged abduction of young German men into the French Foreign Legion. Fears and fantasies of the Foreign Legion reflected a widespread sense of popular humiliation and limited sovereignty vis-à-vis the Western allies during that decade. Fears of the abduction of young Germans into the Legion reflected deep-seated concerns regarding the safety and integrity of male youth, which formed the core constituency of postwar reconstruction. The alleged “recruiter” as “folk devil” represented the absolute opposite of normative male citizenship. Cultural representations cast the recruiter as effeminate, foreign, and potentially homosexual, as well as displaying some of the stereotypical antisemitic features of the Jewish “other.” By the late 1950s, the growing recognition that young men entered the Legion out of their own volition shifted public attention from fear of recruiters to concerns about the fragility of male youth in postwar society. West German anxieties regarding the Legion began to focus on the inner resilience and resistance of young German men rather than the external threat of seduction by French-paid recruiters. This shift from externally to internally generated fears and anxieties anticipated a general shift in the history of fear and anxiety in West Germany from the late 1950s onward.
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Schwenkel, Christina. « Eco-Socialism and Green City Making in Postwar Vietnam ». Dans Places of Nature in Ecologies of Urbanism. Hong Kong University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888390595.003.0003.

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This chapter examines shifts in the meaning and use of green space in socialist housing blocks in Vinh City, Vietnam, a ‘model’ socialist city rebuilt by East Germany (GDR) after its destruction by US aerial bombing. Unique to the eight-year project was the central role that ecological design played in urban reconstruction owing to financial and material constraints on the one hand, and ideological imperatives on the other. Green technology transfers served to radically transform the landscape with parks and cultivated green spaces that catered to the needs of workers and their families. These ‘eco-socialist’ practices, as I refer to them, constituted a fundamental effort on the part of GDR planners to rationally manage and order urban space that was deemed disorderly and too rural for the city. Yet utopian visions of urban modernity often came up short as they revealed more about East German lifestyles than about the pragmatic possibilities for recovery in postwar Vietnam. Ensuing struggles over the appropriate use of urban nature emerged at the center of the modernizing project and the creation of new socialist persons in Vietnam.
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Berghahn, Volker R. « From the Outbreak of War in July 1914 to the Genoa Conference, 1922 ». Dans American Big Business in Britain and Germany. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161099.003.0004.

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This chapter examines the state of American and European economies during the outbreak of World War I until the Genoa Conference was convened in 1922. It first considers the military–political origins of the war before analyzing the role the international business community played at the time of the war's outbreak. Hereafter the chapter focuses on the American perspectives, as it studies the ambiguities of American neutrality, the state of the American economy and its eventual entry into the war, and the beginnings of a strain on the Anglo-American relationship at the Paris Peace Conference. The chapter then returns the focus to the international stage as postwar reconstruction begins, highlighting the attempts at European recovery and the role of American businesses in these endeavors.
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Berghahn, Volker R. « British and German Business and Politics under the Pax Americana, 1941–1957 ». Dans American Big Business in Britain and Germany. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161099.003.0007.

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This chapter examines the third round in the German–American–British business relationship from 1941 to 1957. It begins with an account of Hitler's activities in Eastern Europe, before turning to the magazine article published by American businessman Henry Luce, entitled, “The American Century.” This article postulated that, if the twentieth century had not been an American one in its first half, the United States should at least make every effort to realize this idea in its second half, and shape a peace for the rest of the twentieth century that was based on American principles of sociopolitical and economic organization. From here, the chapter discusses the role of American big business in postwar and Cold War periods, the question of cartels, economic reconstruction, and others.
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Schmitz, David F. « Victory, Roosevelt’s Synthesis, and the Postwar World, 1944–1945 ». Dans The Sailor, 197–238. University Press of Kentucky, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813180441.003.0009.

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The success of the D-Day landing on June 6, 1944 began the last stage of World War II that culminated in victory in Europe in May 1945 and Asia in August 1945. While Roosevelt did not live to see the final victories, his actions in 1944 and early 1945 shaped much of the postwar period. The month after the landings at Normandy beach, forty-four nations met at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire where they established the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank for Reconstruction and Development. In August, delegates from around the world gathered at the Dumbarton Oaks Conference in Washington to begin the establishment of the United Nations. In February, 1945, the Big Three met again at Yalta to plan for the end of the war, occupation of Germany, and postwar peace.
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