Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Portugal – Social conditions »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Portugal – Social conditions"
1
Silva, Célia Taborda. « Social Movements in Contemporary Portugal ». European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 1, no 1 (1 mai 2014) : 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v1i1.p36-42.
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This paper focuses in transformation of Portuguese society throughout the analysis of social movements. Social movements in Portugal were changing as the evolution of society. Throughout the ages, according to circumstances of each historical period protest as changing. in the early nineteenth century, the transition from the Old Regime to Liberalism sparked riots. The protests were dominated by the peasants, motivated by the introduction of liberalism and capitalism, which have transformed the traditional way of living. The late nineteenth and early twenty centuries brought the claim of the labor movement and unionism with the consequent organization of social events, such as strikes. The industrialization of the country created a great social inequality between the factory owners and workers, the latter living in precarious conditions which led to revolt. Between 1933 and 1974 the Portuguese dictatorship dominated the political system but even the social repression prevented the existence of strikes and demonstrations due to hunger. After 1974, the country resumes freedom but political and social democratization brought much dispute motivated by the opening of society to the global world.
2
Seabra, Teresa, et Sandra Mateus. « School achievement, social conditions and ethnicity : Immigrants’ children in basic schooling in Portugal ». Portugese Journal of Social Sciences 10, no 1 (17 mars 2011) : 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/pjss.10.1.73_1.
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Santos, Cláudia Priscila C. dos, Tatiane Valduga et Jorge Ferreira. « Social work in the web of social protection : Contexts and alternatives ». International Social Work 63, no 3 (6 août 2018) : 291–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872818788924.
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In the context of research in the field of social work, we have carried out an analysis on the relationship between two social policy measures intended to promote the social well-being of its beneficiaries in Portugal. Through a deductive methodology, the results show the impact of the adopted measures aimed at reducing spending on social policies. Conclusions highlight that social workers can collaborate with alternative social responses in an evidence-based manner, enhancing practice, namely, regarding competencies for the realisation of social diagnosis within the context of peoples’ living conditions in order to promote access of citizens to social support.
4
Pereira, S., A. M. Ramos, J. L. Zêzere, R. M. Trigo et J. M. Vaquero. « Spatial impact and triggering conditions of the exceptional hydro-geomorphological event of December 1909 in Iberia ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no 2 (5 février 2016) : 371–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-371-2016.
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Abstract. According to the DISASTER database the 20–28 December 1909 event was the hydro-geomorphologic event with the highest number of flood and landslide cases that occurred in Portugal in the period 1865–2010 (Zêzere et al., 2014). This event also caused important social impacts over the Spanish territory, especially in the Douro Basin, having triggered the highest floods in more than 100 years at the river's mouth in the city of Oporto. This work has a dual purpose: (i) to characterize the spatial distribution and social impacts of the December 1909 hydro-geomorphologic DISASTER event over Portugal and Spain; (ii) to analyse the meteorological conditions that triggered the event and the spatial distribution of the precipitation anomalies. Social impacts that occurred in Portugal were obtained from the Disaster database (Zêzere et al., 2014) whereas the data collection for Spain was supported by the systematic analysis of Spanish daily newspapers. In addition, the meteorological conditions that triggered the event are analysed using the 20th Century Reanalysis data set from NOAA and precipitation data from Iberian meteorological stations. The Iberian Peninsula was spatially affected during this event along the SW-NE direction spanning from Lisbon, Santarém, Oporto, and Guarda (in Portugal), to Salamanca, Valladolid, Zamora, Orense, León, and Palencia (in Spain). In Iberia, 134 DISASTER cases were recorded (130 flood cases; 4 landslides cases) having caused 89 casualties (57 due to floods and 32 due to landslides) and a further total of 3876 affected people, including fatalities, injured, missing, evacuated, and homeless people. This event was associated with outstanding precipitation registered at Guarda (Portugal) on 22 December 1909 and unusual meteorological conditions characterized by the presence of a deep low-pressure system located over the NW Iberian Peninsula with a stationary frontal system striking the western Iberian Peninsula. The presence of an upper-level jet (250 hPa) and low-level jet (900 hPa) located SW–NE oriented towards Iberia along with upper-level divergence and lower-level convergence favoured large-scale precipitation. Finally, associated with these features it is possible to state that this extreme event was clearly associated with the presence of an elongated Atmospheric River, crossing the entire northern Atlantic Basin and providing a continuous supply of moisture that contributed to enhance precipitation. This work contributes to a comprehensive and systematic synoptic evaluation of the second most deadly hydro-geomorphologic DISASTER event that has occurred in Portugal since 1865 and will help to better understand the meteorological system that was responsible for triggering the event.
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Delgado, João, Ana Mafalda Matos et Ana Sofia Guimarães. « Linking Indoor Thermal Comfort with Climate, Energy, Housing, and Living Conditions : Portuguese Case in European Context ». Energies 15, no 16 (19 août 2022) : 6028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15166028.
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Even though the milder climate scenario and constant evolution of thermal building regulation are in light of European initiatives, in Portugal, there are few houses where occupants can remain all the time in perfectly comfortable temperature conditions without resorting to heating or cooling. According to the Long Term Strategy for the Renewal of Buildings (ELPRE), this results from the combination of several factors, namely, low energy use for air conditioning compared to energy needs and aged building stock with poor energy performance. In fact, around 70% of the dwellings currently certified have low energy efficiency (C or less). The purpose of this review article was to analyse and discuss the factors affecting indoor thermal comfort, the inability to keep the home adequately warm in winter and cool in summer, and the risk of poverty or social exclusion in the European context, namely in Portugal. It fills the gap in the literature researching and analysing the motivations for these lower consumptions in Southern Europe, being Portugal a paradigmatic case. The current work integrates the indoor thermal comfort evolution and the current situation in Portugal in the EU context through different thermal comfort indicators and linking with the other statistics data, which may impact the indoor thermal comfort.
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Silva, Pedro G. « Social workers in the Revolution : Social work’s political agency and intervention in the Portuguese democratic transition (1974–1976) ». International Social Work 61, no 3 (9 juillet 2016) : 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872816651706.
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A period of profound social and political changes, the democratic transition that followed the 1974 military coup in Portugal had an enormous impact on social work. The Revolution set the ideal conditions for social workers to perform alternative forms of intervention, moving away from the assistance-focused practices characteristic of the former authoritarian rule. Incited by the new progressive political agenda, social workers stood at the forefront of the Revolution, working alongside grass-roots mobilisations and experimental participative projects, overtly assuming political stands. This article analyses the agency of social workers in the various political and social fronts during the democratic transition.
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Burton, Christopher G., et Vitor Silva. « Assessing Integrated Earthquake Risk in OpenQuake with an Application to Mainland Portugal ». Earthquake Spectra 32, no 3 (août 2016) : 1383–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/120814eqs209m.
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At the forefront of the risk assessment sciences is the development of standards, data, and tools for the assessment of earthquake risk. Countries such as Portugal have been targets of extensive earthquake risk assessments to communicate damage potential and to improve methodologies. Few studies, however, have gone beyond the estimation of direct physical impacts by integrating estimates of physical risk (i.e., human or economic losses) with quantified metrics of socioeconomic characteristics of populations. The purpose of this paper is to describe an end-to-end assessment of earthquake risk for mainland Portugal that accounts for physical and social attributes using the Global Earthquake Model's (GEM) suite of risk assessment tools. The results indicate that the potential adverse effects from earthquakes in Portugal are related to interacting conditions, some conditional on geography, some due to the characteristics of the building stock, and some having to do with the social characteristics of populations.
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Sechko, A. V. « Psychological conditions for the prevention of recidivism ». Современная зарубежная психология 9, no 1 (2020) : 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2020090109.
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The article analyzes the results of a study of recidivism conducted in England, Denmark, Canada, Nigeria, Portugal, New Zealand, the USA, and Scotland. Objective and subjective determinants have been identified that make it possible to predict with a high degree of probability the subsequent criminal prosecution violation, its time parameters. The psychological portrait of the recidivist is described, stress factors of delinquent behavior are revealed. The driving forces of decriminalization of former criminals are revealed. This is an intensive probationary period under the auspices of mentors who are able to build trusting relationships with parole through consistent, non-judgmental actions with the simultaneous possibility of playing the role of guardians of young people in difficult social and criminal settings in solving their economic problems.
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Pereira, S., A. M. Ramos, J. L. Zêzere, R. M. Trigo et J. M. Vaquero. « Spatial impact and triggering conditions of the exceptional hydro-geomorphological event of December 1909 in Iberia ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no 9 (29 septembre 2015) : 5805–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-5805-2015.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract. According to the DISASTER database the 20–28 December 1909 was the hydro-geomorphologic event with the highest number of flood and landslide cases occurred in Portugal in the period 1865–2010 (Zêzere et al., 2014). This event also caused important social impacts over the Spanish territory, especially in the Douro basin, having triggered the highest floods in more than 100 years at the river's mouth in the city of Oporto. This work aims to characterize the spatial distribution and social impacts of the December 1909 hydro-geomorphologic event over Iberia. In addition, the meteorological conditions that triggered the event are analysed using the 20 Century Reanalysis dataset from NOAA and precipitation data from Iberian meteorological stations. The Iberian Peninsula was spatially affected during this event along the SW-NE direction spanning from Lisbon, Santarém, Oporto and Guarda (in Portugal), until Salamanca, Valladolid, Zamora, Orense, León and Palencia (in Spain). In Iberia, 134 DISASTER cases were recorded (130 flood cases; 4 landslides cases) having caused a total of 89 casualties (57 in floods and 32 in landslides) and a total of 3876 people were affected, including fatalities, injured, missing, evacuated and homeless people. This event was associated with some outstanding precipitation values at Guarda station (Portugal) in 22 December 1909 and unusual meteorological conditions characterized by the presence of a deep low pressure system located over NW Iberian Peninsula with a stationary frontal system striking the Western Iberian Peninsula. The presence of an upper-level jet (250 hPa) and low-level jet (900 hPa) located on SW-NE oriented towards the Iberia along with upper-level divergence and lower-level convergence favoured large-scale precipitation. Finally, associated with these features it is possible to state that this extreme event was clearly associated to the presence of an elongated Atmospheric River, crossing the entire northern Atlantic basin and providing a continuous supply of moisture that contributed to enhance precipitation. This work contributes to a comprehensive and systematic synoptic evaluation of the second most deadly hydro-geomorphologic Disaster event occurred in Portugal since 1865 and will help to better understand the meteorological system that was responsible for triggering the event.
10
Mota, Nelson. « From House to Home : ». Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 78, no 2 (1 juin 2019) : 208–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2019.78.2.208.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In From House to Home: Social Control and Emancipation in Portuguese Public Housing, 1926–76, Nelson Mota considers public housing policies in Portugal under the dictatorship that ruled there from 1926 to 1974 and during the two years that followed the democratic revolution of April 1974. He reviews key legislative initiatives and projects to show how the dictatorship's policies effectively commodified housing, exerted government control over the working class, and largely excluded the urban poor from the housing market. By contrast, programs developed under the postrevolutionary Serviço de Apoio Ambulatório Local, or SAAL, promoted self-help initiatives that aimed to improve housing conditions for Portugal's poorest citizens, thus securing their economic and social independence and their right to occupy urban space. During the “SAAL spring,” Mota concludes, building homes became more important than selling houses.
Thèses sur le sujet "Portugal – Social conditions"
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BENTLEY, JEFFERY WESTWOOD. « ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY OF A RURAL PARISH IN NORTHWEST PORTUGAL (ECOLOGY, TECHNICAL CHANGE, AGRICULTURE, AND FRAGMENTATION, SOCIAL STRUCTURE) ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183893.
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This dissertation provides a quantitative analysis of cultural ecology and social structure in a rural parish in Northwest Portugal. There is greater economic inequality, and greater social stratification than most ethnographers of Iberia have described. Chapter 1 introduces some of the material indications of wealth and land inequality in the community. Some households are shown to have much more land and dairy cattle than others. Chapter 2 discusses nickname behavior as a set of socio-cultural symbols for expressing an ideal of equality, which in some sense runs counter to material differences within the community. Chapter 3 analyses contemporary farming systems; showing that having different amounts of land determines each household's choice of technology. Each household operates its farm in a unique natural and economic environment, because of different access to the factors of production, especially land, but including labor and capital. Chapter 4 shows that patterns of technical change also depend on land supply. Larger farmers are the first to adopt new innovations, especially labor-saving devices. Chapter 5 demonstrates that, counter to common assumptions, land fragmentation is more pronounced on large farms than on smaller farms, but that for no farms is land fragmentation a barrier to agricultural production. Chapter 6 is a brief history of recent changes of land use. It shows that the most common land-use types, fields and forests, are somewhat interchangeable. Fields are converted to forest, and forest to field, depending on the economic environment of the owning household, and the natural environment of the land itself. Ecologically marginal land that is owned by large farmers is the most likely to be changed from field to forest, or from forest to field.
2
Mc, Galey William. « Changing Attitudes Towards Immigrants in Light of Worsening Economic Conditions in Portugal ». Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-128461.
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Portugal has experienced various structural changes in recent history which have greatly contributed to the country having a sizeable and varied immigrant population at present. The Global Economic Crisis of 2008 has severely impacted numerous countries in the European Union including Portugal. Conditions in Portugal had been gradually worsening, largely as a result of a stagnating national economy, where unemployment steadily increased in the years leading up to 2008. In the wake of the crisis, Portugal has experienced dramatic reductions in GDP, soaring unemployment rates and in particular regarding youth unemployment, social unrest and political instability. Further, the most vulnerable socioeconomic groups in Portugal have been worst affected, where social inequality, poverty and a whole array of other social issues have been exacerbated by the crisis and the austerity policies that were implemented in the wake of the economic crash. This thesis attempted to discover if attitudes towards immigrants have changed in light of worsening economic conditions in Portugal during three different time periods 2002-2006-2012, with a primary focus on the most recent period where conditions were most austere. Moreover, this research also sought to establish the determinants which influence attitudes towards immigrants over the same time period. Data was used from three rounds of the European Social Survey and in particular, round 1 (2002/2003), round 3 (2006/2007) and round 6 (2012/2013). Descriptive statistics and ordered logistic regressions were used in order to answer the research questions and realistic group conflict theory was utilised as a theoretical framework when analysing and explaining the findings. It was evident that attitudes towards immigrants have become more negative over the given time period and were indeed most pronounced in light of the recent economic crisis. It was also apparent that natives who were in greater competition with immigrants possessed the most pronounced levels of prejudice.
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Covas, António. « Les enjeux socio-politiques de l'intégration agricole du Portugal dans le système communautaire ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213426.
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Wateau, Fabienne. « Antagonismes et irrigation : organisation sociale d'une communauté paysanne du nord-ouest du Portugal ». Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100178.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les grandes lignes et principes de l'organisation sociale d'une communaute paysanne du nord-ouest du portugal (melgaco, alto minho) ont ete degages a partir de l'analyse d'une activite technique et agricole, la pratique estivale d'irrigation. Dans cette region tres humide, l'eau d'irrigation est un moyen pour intensifier la production agricole, mais egalement un pretexte pour declencher des conflits, lesquels ont pour effet de reaffirmer des identites familiales et territoriales. L'etude des techniques d'irrigation et de la complexite des regles de distribution de l'eau, degage l'un des principes structurant de cette societe, a savoir celui de roulement (et correlativement d'egalite - non pas une egalite exprimee en termes de partage egal : <>; mais en termes de droit : <>) vivement revendique par les paysans. Ce principe-cle, regle sociale, est retrouve dans toutes les autres spheres de la vie sociale. En effet, chacun supporte l'autre, dans un contexte d'individualisme fort, parce qu'il profite, partage et respecte de meme bien (tel que l'eau) et valeurs, et tant qu'il ne cherche pas a se demarquer de l'ensemble du groupe par des initiatives a retombee gratifiante (economique et symbolique). Pourtant, l'etude de parente montre que ce jeu de la distinction est recherche et pratique : les droits d'eau, distingues de ceux de la terre, sont prioritairement transmis en ligne maternelle et leur possession intervient de facon decisive dans le chois du conjointThe main lines of the social organisation of a peasant community of northern portugal (melgaco, alto minho) have been brought to light through the analysis of an agrarian technique : summer irrigation. In this very wet region, irrigation is a means of intensifying production but it is also pretext for initiating conflicts. These have for effect to reaffirm territorial and family identidies. The study who describes both irrigation techniques and the complexity of the sharing system, brings out one of the structuring principles of this community, that is rotational-sharing (linked to the principle of equal-share, not in terms of equal amount but in juridical terms : <>). This major principle is also active in all other fields of social life. Even though there is a strong individualistic context, everyone nonetheless tolerates the others because one profits from, shares and respects the same goods (water for example) and values, and as far as one does not try to stand-out from the group by selfgratifying initiatives whether economic or symbolic. Howewer, the study of kinship shows that the << game >> of distinction is nonetheless a practice. It is even thought-after : water-rights, distinct from landrights are essentially handed-down in maternal line. Their possession is decisive in the choice of a spouse
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Pereira, Maria João Xarepe Da Costa. « Informatique bancaire au Portugal : technologie, organisation et conditions sociales de travail ». Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070127.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Partant de l'analyse des changements intervenus a partir de la moitie des annees quatre-vingt dans le systeme financier portugais, cette these s'occupe d'etudier les dimensions technologie, organisation et conditions sociales de travail en rapport avec les strategies adoptees par les differents types de banques. En comparant deux banques nationales, l'une appartenant au secteur publique et l7autre au secteur prive, moyennant une enquete englobant un echantillon de caissiers d'agences situees a lisbonne, on constate un poids relatif moindre de la dimension technologie par rapport a l'ensemble mode d'organisation du travail et modele de gestion des ressources humaines dans les attitudes des caissiers. Ces deux dernieres dimensions faconnent nettement les contours des conditions sociales de travail propres a chaque banque. De meme, les modes d'intervention sur le marche propres a chaque banque, et qui sont influences par les cultures d'entreprise et par l'heritage du passe, conduisent a l'adoption de modeles d'organisation du travail et a des choix technologiques specifiquesThis thesis analyses the changings occured in the eighties in the protuguese finantial system and their consequences, studying the technology, the organization and the working social conditions according to the strategies implemented by the different banks. Comparing two portuguese banks, one belonging to the public sector and the other to the private sector, we have made a research covering a sample of tellers from several agencies in lisbon. We have established a minor importance due to technology and a major importance given to work organization and human resources management models in the attitudes of t he tellers. These two elements determine the forms assumed by the working social conditions in each bank. The different ways banks operate in the market, influenced by enterprise cultures and the inheritance of the past, lead to the adoption of specific work organization models and technological choices
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Barbosa, Carla Maria Palmeira Soares. « Impacto do capital cultural na mobilidade social : o caso das escolas profissionais de música ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667417.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Esta investigação analisa o impacto da formação escolar profissionalizante em música na criação de capital cultural e na mobilidade social ascendente dos seus diplomados. Assume-se como caso de estudo os diplomados e as suas famílias, das quatros escolas profissionais de música no Norte de Portugal.
De acordo com as teorias da reprodução e da distinção de Bourdieu, o capital cultural é um importante instrumento na reprodução de desigualdades sociais, pelo que as condições socioculturais familiares de origem são determinantes na diferenciação dos resultados escolares dos descendentes, no desenvolvimento das suas carreiras profissionais, na construção de preferências e nos comportamentos de consumo cultural. As mesmas teorias associam a estratificação social à criação de um gosto popular ou erudito, em função da existência, ou não, de capital cultural, condição necessária à compreensão de códigos e apreciação de bens simbólicos. Por seu lado, a investigação educativa produzida, a partir da década de setenta do século XX, tem vindo a reconhecer à escola e ao efeito-escola um importante papel no sucesso escolar e na definição de trajetórias de vida, invertendo o caráter fatalista da reprodução social familiar de origem. Num paradigma de mobilidade cultural, o atual debate sobre o omnivorismo cultural reconhece, nas sociedades atual, a existência de um novo perfil de participação cultural omnívora, que se traduz num leque alargado de preferências e de consumos, desde a arte erudita a manifestações próprias de subculturas populares. A análise sociológica do consumo acrescenta as trajetórias escolares, ocupações profissionais e estilos de vida como importantes fatores de estruturação do gosto em dialética com os fenómenos do consumo e das hierarquias culturais.
Na investigação empírica realizada aplicam-se indicadores que permitem analisar o processo de criação de capital musical, através da socialização escolar, e os comportamentos de consumo cultural, desde a infância à idade adulta. Utilizam-se o questionário aplicado aos diplomados das EPM, complementado com entrevistas aos diretores e quadros pedagógicos intermédios das escolas como instrumentos.
Constata-se que a ocupação profissional dos diplomados, o nível máximo de escolaridade atingido e os consumos musicais eruditos estão associados à trajetória escolar na EPM e são independentes das condições sociais familiares de origem, num modelo de mobilidade social ascendente intergeracional.
Concluiu-se que a ampliação de capital musical construído na socialização escolar aumentou o processo de mobilidade social dos alunos, viabilizando o posterior acesso a ocupações profissionais de maior prestígio. Simultaneamente, assistiu-se a uma mudança dos padrões de consumo musical popular, através da incorporação de preferências pelo reportório musical de tradição europeia ocidental, num modelo de translação cultural independente da estratificação social de classe de origem familiar. No entanto, concluiu-se que o capital musical construído e refletido no gosto e nos comportamentos de consumo em adulto não conduziu os diplomados a um padrão de participação cultural omnívoro, comportamento que atualmente a sociologia de consumo reconhece como atributo das sociedades contemporâneas desenvolvidas.This dissertation presents an analysis of the impact of musical education in a professional context on the creation of cultural capital and the upward social mobility of its graduates. The case studies here presented include the graduates and their families from four “Professional Schools” located in the North of Portugal. According to Bourdieu’s theories of “reproduction” and “distinction”, cultural capital is an important instrument in the reproduction of social inequality, and the specificities of family sociocultural origins are considered essential to the differentiation of the children school results, their access to professional careers, the construction of their cultural “choices” and their behavior as cultural consumers. The same theories associate social stratification with the creation of “popular” versus high culture taste, as a result of the existence or absence of cultural capital, and as a condition for the understanding and fruition of symbolic codes and goods. Moreover, the educational research produced after the 70s in the XX century, has been recognizing an important role to schooling and to the “schooling-effect” in the success of education and the positive definition of individual life trajectories, as well as it inverts the fatalist character of the reproduction of family sociocultural conditions. Within a paradigm of cultural mobility, the contemporary debate on cultural omnivorism recognizes in today’s society the existence of a new profile of omnivorous cultural participation, which is translated in a wide range of consume preferences, from high art to specific demonstrations of popular subcultures. The sociological analysis of consumption reinforces schooling trajectories, professional occupations and life styles as fundamental factors in the structuring of “taste” within a dialectic process with consumption issues and cultural hierarchies. In the empirical research carried out throughout this work were used indicators which allowed us to analyze the process of the creation of musical capital through the process of schooling socialization and the behaviors of cultural consumption, from childhood to adult age. The graduates from EPM were asked to answer questionnaires, which were complemented with interviews to the directors and intermediate pedagogic management of the schools, as empirical instruments. One realizes that the professional occupation of graduates, the maximum level of schooling reached and their high art musical choices are distinctively associated with the individual schooling trajectory in EPM and, independently of the family social origins, they are inscribed within a model of intergenerational upward social mobility. The conclusion of our analysis is that the widening of the musical capital built within the schooling socializing has increased the process of the students social mobility, enabling the ulterior access to a more prestigious professional occupation. In tandem with this, one recognizes the change and transformation of the patterns of popular musical consumption, via the incorporation of a “preference” for a musical repertoire within the Western European tradition, as a model of cultural translation which is independent from the social stratification of family origin. Notwithstanding, our conclusion is that the acquired musical capital reflected in the “taste” and the consume behavior of the adult individual has not led the graduates to a pattern of cultural omnivorous consumption, which today’s sociology of culture recognizes as an attribute of contemporary developed societies.
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Thiam, El Hadji Omar. « La condition féminine dans Patologia Social d'Abel Botelho ». Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030101.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A partir de la thématique de la condition féminine, nous proposons une étude contextuelle et textuelle de Patologia Social. Nous étudions d’abord la situation de la femme portugaise de 1867 à 1910, c’est-à-dire le temps fictif de Patologia Social, en relation avec la République et le réalisme-naturalisme. Nous analysons ensuite les personnages féminins sous les angles narratologiques et sociaux. Du côté narratologique, nous mettons à nu la constitution textuelle de ces mêmes personnages, c’est-à-dire leur place dans l’histoire, leurs portraits, leurs voix, leur espace physique. Du côté social, les personnages sont pris comme des unités de signification mettant en évidence des états et des groupes, bref la société d’alors. De ces deux angles nous tirons deux conclusions : la première établit une relation indéfectible entre les portraits des personnages féminins et le dénouement de l’intrigue, et la seconde se focalise sur la sexualité dégradante de ces mêmes personnagesFrom the set of themes of the female condition, we propose a contextual and textual study of Patologia Social. We study initially the situation of the Portuguese woman between 1867 to 1910, that means the fictitious time of Patologia Social, in relation to the Republic and the realism-naturalism. We analyze then the female characters under the narratologic angles and social. On the narratologic side, we expose the textual constitution of these same characters, meaning their place in history, their portraits, their voices, their physical space. From the social side, the characters are taken as units of significance highlighting states and groups, so their all society. From these two angles we draw two conclusions: the first establishes an indefectible relation between the portraits of the female characters and their outcome, and the second is focused on the degrading sexuality of these same characters
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Vidal, Frédéric. « Les habitants d'Alcântara au début du XXe siècle : identité, proximités et distances sociales dans un quartier industrialisé de Lisbonne ». Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/vidal_f.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette étude est consacrée à un espace lisboète dont l'évolution illustre assez bien les modes d'industrialisation des grandes villes européennes au cours du XIXe siècle, à travers le développement d'une économie d'agglomération. Ce processus est à l'origine de la formation d'un milieu social spécifique qui est ici étudié principalement du point de vue des habitants du quartier. Au début du XXe siècle, Alcântara est un quartier ouvrier mais aussi populaire. Les discours autour de ce quartier lisboète témoignent d'une certaine diversité sociale de peuplement. Cette étude s'intéresse aux formes de cohésion d'une population hétérogène aussi bien du point de vue des appartenances socioprofessionnelles que des origines et des parcours migratoires. Les univers relationnels d'un groupe d'habitants de ce quartier, reconstitués à partir d'actes de l'état civil, laissent entrevoir des formes de structuration du social à une échelle microlocaleThis study focuses on a Lisbon neighbourhood, the evolution of which provides a clear example of the process of industrialisation that occurred in large European cities throughout the 19th century, through the development of an economy of agglomeration. This specific social environment is approached from the point of view of its inhabitants. At the beginning of the 20th century Alcântara was a predominantly workers' neighbourhood, although all the documentary evidence points to a much more socially diversified population. This study is particularly interested in the forms of social cohesion of a heterogeneous population made up of a variety of socio-professional groups with different migratory backgrounds. The relationships of one group of inhabitants from this neighbourhood, reconstructed through registries of births and baptisms, provide an understanding of different forms of social structure on a micro-local scale
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Medeiros, Sooraya Karoan Lino de. « Lamurientas, faladeiras e mentirosas ? : um estudo sobre a condição social feminina no Quatrocentos português ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-26022008-133337/.
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Os registros medievais acerca das mulheres comumente reforçam uma idéia negativa do gênero feminino, delimitando seu espaço de ação ao privado e indicando o casamento como sua função primordial. Acreditamos, porém, que sem um cotejamento com os instrumentos de ação formais disponibilizados pelas mulheres, a aceitação tácita dos postulados oriundos da ética cristã para o conhecimento da condição social feminina leva-nos a uma compreensão não mais que parcial dos papéis desempenhados no conjunto social. Desta feita, para conhecermos a condição social das mulheres de 16 vilas e cidades da região da Estremadura portuguesa, no século XV, recorremos a documentos oficiais para descobrir os direitos postos a sua disposição pela legislação portuguesa. A análise da documentação leva-nos a inferir que a mulher, detentora de uma identidade jurídica identificada na legislação do reino, encontrava nos dispositivos legais enunciados pelo poder real os meios necessários para garantir a manutenção de seu direito à propriedade, bem como a certa liberdade para dispor de seus bens.The medieval records about women usually strengthen the negative concept of the gender, restraining then to the domestic space and indicating the marriage as their main function. We believe, however, that the tacit acceptance of the postulates from the Christian ethic for the comprehension of women\'s social condition without analyzing the instruments they had would lead us to an understanding no more than partial of the rolls they played. Therefore, in our research we seek women in the XV century in 16 villages and towns from the Portuguese Estremadura, to find women in the public spaces we turned to official manuscript documents from Portuguese archives, to find their rights, to the royal legislation. The analysis of the documentation indicates that the women with a juridical identity could find in the legal devices the means to assure the maintenance of their right to properties as well as a certain freedom to administrate their possessions.
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Alves, Maria Neves Parada. « Les émigrés de retour au Portugal : stress et stratégies de coping ». Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20005.
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Dans l'émigration, le retour est toujours présent en tant que projet de vie de l'émigré. Cependant, les changements opérés chez la personne au niveau psychosocial et économique provoquent une crise identitaire lors du retour au pays d'origine. Elle doit par ailleurs, composer avec la société d'origine, différente de celle qu'elle a quittée. Le retour périodique en vacances n'est pas suffisant à la personne pour percevoir ces changements. La société d'origine ne la reçoit pas les bras ouverts, d'autant qu'elle a des stéréotypes dévalorisants liés à l'émigration. Ainsi, lors du retour, dans le Nord intérieur du Portugal, l'impact psychologique se traduit par une insatisfaction au pays d'origine mais aussi par une inadaptation et un sentiment de nostalgie à l'égard du pays d'accueil. Le retour provoque du stress chez la personne, notamment l'humeur dépressive et la lassitude mais aussi l'angoisse face au présent à l'avenir. Pour gérer ce stress elle met en oeuvre des conduites adaptatives qui ne sont pas toujours positives. Ainsi, la personne en retour se retient d'agir, évite les contacts sociaux. Lorsque les émotions sont trop importantes, elle demande l'appui social à son entourage, essentiellement de l'aide affective. La crise identitaire peut être dépassée si la personne s'investit dans les projets valorisants et s'adapte. Dans le cas contraire, le retour est suivi d'une re-émigration vers l'étranger (pays d'accueil) ou se traduit par une migration interne vers la zone littorale du paysAs far as emigration is concerned, the idea of going back home is always present in the emigrant's mind. However, on a both psychological and economic level, the changes occured in the emigrant's mind once actually back in the home country lead to an identity crisis. Besides, the emigrant must adapt to a society which has grown very different from the one he/she left. Going back periodically, on holiday, is not enough for the emigrant to be aware of these changes. He/she is not welcomed with open arms by a home society which has negative stereotypes about emigration. Thus, when emigrants come back to the North East of Portugal, the psychological impact is usually shown by a lack of satisfaction towards the home country, an inability to adapt and a feeling of nostalgia for the host country. Coming back home therefore provokes in the emigrant a feeling of stress, a depressive mood, weariness as well as an anxiety in relation to both present and future. To deal with this stress, the emigrant usually adopts behaviours which are not positive. When the emotions become too important, the emigrant requires social help from the people around him, mostly of an emotional kind. The identity crisis may be overtaken if the emigrant invests in self-realizing projects and manages to adapt. Otherwise, going back home may lead to another emigration, abroad (to the host country) or internal, through a migration to Western Portugal
Livres sur le sujet "Portugal – Social conditions"
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Barreto, António. A situação social em Portugal. Matosinhos : Contemporânea Editora, 1996.
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Dornelas, António. Portugal invisível. Lisboa : Editora Mundo Sociais, 2010.
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António, Barreto, dir. Portugal contemporâneo. [Lisboa, Portugal] : Publicações Dom Quixote, 2005.
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Neves, João César das. Portugal, esse desconhecido. Alfragide : D.Quixote, 2014.
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Sousa, Santos Boaventura de, dir. Portugal, um retrato singular. Porto : Edições Afrontamento, 1993.
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Vilela, João. Construir Portugal : Algumas reflexões. Lisboa : G, 1995.
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António, Barreto, et Preto Clara Valadas, dir. A situação social em Portugal, 1960-1995. Lisboa : Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Universidade de Lisboa, 1996.
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Leite, Viegas José Manuel, Costa António Firmino da et Almeida Ana Nunes de, dir. Portugal, que modernidade ? 2e éd. Oeiras : Celta Editora, 1998.
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Goncalves, António José Bento. Portugal : Economic, political and social issues. Hauppauge, NY : Nova Science Publishers, 2012.
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Valadas, Preto Clara, dir. A situacao social em Portugal, 1960-1995 : Indicadores sociais em Portugal e na Unaão Europeia. Lisboa : Universidade de Lisboa, 1995.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Portugal – Social conditions"
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Nicolau, Lurdes. « Roma at School : A Look at the Past and the Present. The Case of Portugal ». Dans Social and Economic Vulnerability of Roma People, 153–63. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52588-0_10.
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AbstractThe schooling process has become more widespread among the Portuguese Roma population since 1974, with the end of the Estado Novo dictatorship and the establishment of democracy. Nevertheless, the Roma nomadism or semi-nomadism, financial shortcomings and the absence of social/cultural/family stimuli are some of the reasons that explain their low school attendance rates. Only in the last decades has such attendance increased, as a result of the implementation of several public policies, particularly of the Social Integration Income. This social policy, implemented in 1996, introduced important changes in this population, especially in areas such as schooling, personal hygiene, housing, health, or sedentism.Recent research has shown an increase in the educational level of the Roma population, but school dropouts and failure remain high. This tendency was also studied in the northeast of Portugal, in a PhD thesis about the relationships between the Roma and school. In the present research work, a qualitative methodology was adopted, using direct and participant observation, as well as interviews to some Roma parents and non-Roma teachers. Both groups emphasize the main difficulties of Roma children at school.The conclusions show that several factors affect these students’ schooling nowadays, especially poor housing conditions, parents’ illiteracy or low schooling, lack of daily study monitoring at home, absence of models in their environment, non-attendance of pre-school, and discrimination against them.
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Bergonse, Rafaello, Sandra Oliveira, José Luís Zêzere, Francisco Moreira, Paulo Flores Ribeiro, Miguel Leal et José Manuel Lima e. Santos. « Biophysical drivers of fire regimes in Central Portugal ». Dans Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1010–17. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_153.
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Fire is a major disturbance affecting Mediterranean ecosystems. Due to a lack of exhaustive fire registration, fire drivers in the Middle East have been hardly investigated. We propose here the analysis of a newly produced fire patch reconstruction from remote sensing over the 1984 – 2020 period in Lebanon and Syria. First, we will provide a description of the particular bimodal and late season fire regimes in the two neighboring countries. Then, taking into account their different socio-political conditions since the start of the Syrian civil war in 2011, we will disentangle climate and social drivers by analyzing the ICEWS conflict events data-base.
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Ferreira, Augusta da Conceição Santos, Rui Pedro Figueiredo Marques, Carlos Santos, Graça Maria do Carmo Azevedo et Helena Carla Antunes Mendes. « Evaluation of the Online Accountability of the Portuguese Private Institutions of Social Solidarity ». Dans Modernization and Accountability in the Social Economy Sector, 196–213. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8482-7.ch011.
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In Portugal, in order to make the management of public resources more accountable, regulations on financial disclosure have emerged. Currently, the Private Institutions of Social Solidarity, through the Decree-Law No. 172-A/2014, are required to publish the financial reporting on their websites from 2016. Given the diffusion of innovations and the institutional theory, based on coercive isomorphism, the IPSS may have already created the conditions to fulfill this requirement. This chapter intends to ascertain whether the IPSS have conditions to comply with the mandatory disclosure under the law. This research shows that there is very limited presence of IPSS on the internet, the websites reveal low maturity levels and are little sophisticated. Furthermore, the IPSS that disclose the financial reporting on their websites, are still a minority, even if required by law to do so. The value of this research are related to the recent innovations introduced by the legal framework. Thus, it is important to monitor the evolution of law compliance by these institutions.
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Costa, Dalia, et Miguel Miranda. « Public Policies Advances on Transgender People in Portugal ». Dans Transgender Health : Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102704.
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When rights are guaranteed through public policy, the probability of becoming de facto rights rather than just de jure rights is greatly increased. On the one hand, the conditions and mechanisms for its implementation are created or, at least, foreseen, and the conditions for effective access by all people to the rights in question are reviewed. This is the case of Portugal in promoting the rights of trans people, following a consolidated public policy on equality and gender (since 2007). The countries in Europe (European Union) have adopted different perspectives and paths ahead regarding the definition and implementation of comprehensive public policies for trans people. Previous studies about Portuguese case reveal that health, work, but also rights in the family and sexuality, are fragile domains, which place trans people in a situation of great vulnerability. Adopting a participatory methodology, the chapter presents the diversity in political and ideological positions and debates the obstacles in the process of public policy formulation to promote the integral well-being of trans people. The evaluation of the Portuguese case is useful for other political and social contexts, while it reveals the cornerstones of public policies advances on transgender persons, namely stereotypes and gender biases.
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Han, Jongmin, Abílio Pereira Pacheco et José Coelho Rodrigues. « Analyzing the EU forestry sector to seek new market opportunities using Minimum Spanning Tree based clustering analysis ». Dans Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 839–43. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_127.
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To enhance the economic viability and address the labour shortage in the forestry industry, alternative solutions using robotization and automation are emerging. However, due to technological barriers and lack of solid business models, successful commercialization in the forestry sector is yet to be challenging. As an initial market analysis for developing a business model for new forestry machineries, this study was conducted to reveal clusters of EU countries to seek the potential market opportunities outside of Portugal. To identify similar market conditions and restrictions, EU countries were clustered using a hierarchical clustering algorithm and selection of variables while considering the geographic, economic, and social conditions of each country. Preliminary results showed that Austria and Poland had similar social capital and geographic conditions.
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Powell, Fred. « Crisis, austerity and water ». Dans The Political Economy of the Irish Welfare State. Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447332916.003.0010.
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This chapter examines the impact of the 2008 crash on the Irish welfare state. The 2008 crash seriously damaged Ireland's reputation. Once bracketed with Taiwan and South Korea in terms of the strength of its economy, it now found itself compared to the sick men of Europe — Portugal, Italy and Greece. A bailout was provided by the ‘troika’ of the European Commission/ International Monetary Fund/European Central Bank with penal financial conditions, which came to be popularly known as ‘austerity’. The failure of the Irish welfare state to protect children indicates social priorities that seriously deviate from the norms of international children's rights. Austerity turned these welfare deficits into a full-blown social crisis.
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Almeida, Joana, et Nelson Barros. « Complementary and alternative medicine as an invisible health support workforce ». Dans Support Workers and the Health Professions, 161–82. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447352105.003.0009.
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In ageing Western societies where chronic conditions have become more prevalent, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practices and practitioners have performed an important role in areas such as health promotion, rehabilitation, and compassionate, preventive and palliative care. Yet collaborative partnership between CAM practitioners, other professionally qualified health care workers, and the state, has rarely materialised. By using a neo-Weberian social closure theory of the professions, this chapter examines the extent to which CAM practitioners have come to form part of an invisible and undervalued health support workforce, focusing on the interlinked societies of Brazil and Portugal. It will be suggested that CAM practitioners have resembled health support workers, especially in their statutorily unregulated status and/or subordinated role to the medical profession. In Brazil, CAM practices, but not CAM practitioners, are statutorily regulated; in Portugal, CAM practitioners, despite being statutorily regulated, remain marginalised. In this respect, CAM practitioners have been a largely invisible health support workforce, despite increasing public sympathy for their services and legitimation from the World Health Organization.
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Matsaganis, Manos. « Living Standards in Southern Europe over the Long Run ». Dans Europe's Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality, 151–76. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197545706.003.0004.
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This chapter reviews how material conditions improved in Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Greece over many decades from the postwar period to the onset of the Eurozone crisis and the Great Recession; how Southern Europe lost ground in the 2010s; and how changes in living standards affected different population groups. The chapter unfolds in 15 short sections. Section 4.1 sets the scene by briefly discussing similarities and differences between the four countries. Section 4.2 recounts how life in Southern Europe was transformed since the mid-20th century in terms of material well-being. Sections 4.3–4.14 look at changes in gross domestic product, consumption, investment, labour productivity, employment, education attainment, population health, social spending, income inequality, poverty and social exclusion, the distribution of wealth, and life satisfaction. Section 4.15 concludes.
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Págio, Leonardo Saraiva. « UMA NOVA ORDEM JURÍDICA FISCAL INTERNACIONAL ATRAVÉS DA COOPERAÇÃO ELETRÔNICA DE INFORMAÇÕES FINANCEIRAS-FISCAIS ». Dans Fronteiras de acesso à Justiça : Processo e Meios Alternativos na Democracia no Século XXI, 35–53. JUS.XXI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51389/qdkv9608.
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In a Portuguese-Brazilian dialogue, confronting the realities of the American and European continents, it is clear that the European Union, through the OECD with the support of the United States through FATCA, contributes to international cooperation with respect to providing legal conditions and procedures favorable to an information technology integrated in the scope of their respective financial-fiscal systems to attend to the control and inspection of facts that generate taxable wealth and, in this way, realize distributive justice at the international level, strengthening all countries. It is notorious the existence of a significant portion of the population using the culture of avoiding taxation as an advantageous means to indulge themselves and have greater gains against competitors in an unfair way. This posture on the part of natural and legal persons in American and European countries directly harms the collection, the provision of public services and the democratic process for the effective reduction of social inequalities. Confronting this nefarious and improper conduct of omissive tax exemption, which directly affects the implementation of international fiscal and human rights standards, is in line with a promising legal regime for exchanges at a technological level of financial-tax information in the fight against fraud and tax evasion. In addition to eliminating terrorist financing, preventing aggressive tax planning, money laundering and eliminating criminal organizations that engage in money laundering and other crimes against public order. The theme of exchanging tax information has been widely debated and new paradigms have been adopted, namely due to the international context we have lived in the last decades characterized by the phenomenon of globalization of national economies, technological advances, the role of the Social State and several unexpected events and impacting of a natural or induced nature, it has favored a new posture of adaptation, improvement and integration of countries and their administrative operation systems and, above all, fiscal. The activities in this legal exchange regime, according to the author, are the responsibility of an international organization with specialized technical coordination (European Commission/WTO) with power to make decisions regarding the promotion or economic administrative restrictions in favor of the public interest, in the rigorous and sophisticated regulation of the entire flow of information generated in each tax system in the European Union, Mercosur and all countries in the world, so that taxpayers are under monitoring and security regarding their valued income and acquisitions, given the globalized economy, as this deepens scientific research in his master's thesis in legal and business sciences in Portugal. The European Union, like Mercosur and other intergovernmental organizations for economic integration, are advancing with the objective of transparency and improvement of processes that will benefit the State's revenue and establish fiscal rules that favor the exchange of financial information between countries for an advanced control and inspection of the tax system, in the face of that omissive sovereign State, which perhaps does not respect or is unable to preserve the rights constitutionally guaranteed to all its citizens. The cooperation system in the exchange of financial-fiscal information at a universal level, between the tax administrations integrated to the competition bodies, will enable the execution of investigation, analysis, control and financial-fiscal-market assessment of all taxpayers and companies in a certain territory, so that it does not happen that a given company decides to transfer to another country to carry out its operations, based on privileged and selective conditions granted to it, without taking into account the damage to competitors, to the taxpayers and the State.
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Loureiro, Maria José, Cecília Vieira Guerra, Isabel Cabrita et Filipe T. Moreira. « Multiple Case Studies About Robotics in Compulsory Education ». Dans Handbook of Research on Global Education and the Impact of Institutional Policies on Educational Technologies, 100–129. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8193-3.ch006.
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Programming is fundamental to the development of computational thinking, one of the essential skills for the 21st century. Tangible programming can be a powerful ally of this process from an early age, especially if it supports STEM tasks areas and inclusion. These are the pillars of the TangIn project, under which four qualitative case studies were developed with the aim of to evaluate the lesson plans designed within the scope of the project and the potential of its implementation for the development of the mentioned dimensions. The statistical and content analysis which the questionnaires applied to 43 teachers from Portugal, Spain, Bulgaria, and Latvia were submitted to conclude that students were always very committed and motivated during activities and developed specific and transversal skills related to STEM, including the ability to program and value colleagues, what contributed to its inclusion, regardless of sex and socio-economic conditions.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Portugal – Social conditions"
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Reaes Pinto, Paula, António Gorgel Pinto, Paulo Simões Rodrigues, Tiago Navarro Marques, Rui Fragoso, Rui Quaresma, Jose Ventura, Fatima Jorge et Cristina Marreiros. « UpStart – Creative Industries through Design for Social Innovation, Heritage and Management ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001416.
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The project Up Start - Creative Industries is an initiative of the Aga Khan Foundation in partnership with the University of Évora and promoted by the Portugal Social Innovation program, focusing a particular synergy based in the areas of design for social innovation, heritage, and management. Its main objective is the development of an alternative economic model of socio-cultural innovation and creative practices with disadvantaged citizens. It aims to increase the participants income and improve the living conditions of the communities involved, namely migrant populations from the Lisbon metropolitan area, through the identification and mapping of techniques, arts and crafts developed by migrants from their cultural heritage.
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A. LOPES, José, et Ignacio J. DIAZ-MAROTO. « INPUT OF COMMUNAL FORESTS TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RURAL POPULATION : STUDY CASE OF NORTHERN PORTUGAL AND GALICIA ». Dans RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.227.
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Communal forests occupy one million hectares in the Northern of Portugal and Galicia. Since centuries ago, “Baldios” and “Montes Veciñais en Man Común” (MVMC) played an essential function in the economy of their owner communities. This role was lost all through the last century due to the enormous afforestation and the decrease of agriculture. The restitution of democratic regimes returned the communal forests tenure to the communities. Given the extension and high average area, our paper aims to research its potentialities and limitations of contribution to rural development. Two case studies, one in North Portugal and another one in Galicia, allow identifying the individual and collective traditional uses and the achievements made with revenues linked. Both Galician and Portuguese realities exhibit similarities and complementary benefits, and needing social and economic innovation to make a better use of rural resilience. Communal lands and small-scale business projects could maintain the network of local produce markets with attractive aesthetic values as well as biodiversity conservation. The comparison of the different criteria shows economic aspects are the most valorised by the stakeholders. The management decision of collective forests was the alternative mixed by the communities and the Forestry Services as the best one to complete the main objective of sustainable rural development. As a final conclusion of our work, remarking that the communities owning these forests currently seem to have the conditions to successfully manage their properties if the commoners are able to mobilize and adequate organize the communities.
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Paiva, Isabel, Romão B. Trindade, Mário A. Gonçalves et António Mateus. « Development of a Specific Methodology to Assess Suitable Sites to Receive a Repository for L/ILW Waste in the Portuguese Territory ». Dans ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96144.
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Portugal does not have nuclear power plants but records an increasing production of radioactive waste from medical, industrial and research applications of radioactive materials in the form of sealed and unsealed sources; the country totals include also the spent fuel of one nuclear reactor for research purposes. Since radioactive waste management policies and practices in Portugal will have to comply with the Council Directive 2011/70/Euratom and the IAEA Joint Convention, the search for scientific and technological solutions to deal with radioactive wastes produced in the country started some years ago. The research carried out recently under the scope of a national funded project (KADRWaste, PTDC/CTE-GEX/82678/2006) represents a firm step in this commitment. Indeed, the transfer of methodologies tested and validated in this project allowed for improvement to a procedure to assess suitable sites to receive a near-surface repository for “Low and Intermediate Level Waste, Short Live and Long Live” (LILW-SL, LL) wastes in Portugal mainland. Although the main stages of the procedure can be of universal usage, details were designed according to the intrinsic geological, geomorphic and meteorological features of previously selected target-areas. All the requirements exhaustively listed in many reports of the IAEA were fulfilled and, in addition, the application of mineralogical, geochemical and textural criteria is strongly advised. The proposed procedure is based on a 5 key-steps approach preceded by clarification of the boundary conditions to be imposed, which are crucial to the inventory of various compulsory technical requirements. This analysis requires the adoption of stringent criteria, many of them of multi-disciplinary nature, including tests of vulnerability and assessment of uncertainty, besides the environmental impact risk. As a result, priority targets that are not excluded will integrate different classes and, depending on the existing knowledge, it will be possible to select locations suitable for the repository installation, taking into account also the political, social and administrative dimensions behind this decision.
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Luis, Alexandra. « The New Paradigm for Teaching Design : A reflection on innovation in materials teaching in the “Online Season” ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002391.
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In Portugal, it´sa National Strategy, the innovation in teaching, the connection between Faculties and Research Center, being a social and academic responsibility, to the good training and qualification of students. This can be an extra motivating factor for the students performance of academic work and better preparation for working life.In March 2005, the Portuguese government launched the strategy plan for the creation of a Digital Portugal, which is based on three pillars, I: digital inclusion of people, II: Digital transformation of the business fabric and III: digitization of the state. According to this plan, Education and its digitization are part of the 1st pillar, which aims above all “The empowerment and digital inclusion of people emerge as imperatives to respond to the impact that digitization can have on the life of each individual, implying an integrated approach that ensures differentiated measures depending on the life cycle of citizens” (Portugal Digital, p.15), however, in 2020, when the pandemic began, several failures were verified in the digitalization of education, leaving students without conditions / without classes, being urgent for the development and training of students, tools to support the development of their work, however, Little has been done since then.In such a specific area as materials and technologies, the need to find support becomes even more urgent.The new materials and the technological systems, the evaluation of the programmatic contents, increasing the attention to teaching materials in design, offered by the Faculties of design, is an activity in constant update, forcing a better preparation of the contents taught in 1st cycle studies. This is proved by the actual situation promote by the pandemic of COVID19. Professors and Students are learning news ways to complete the academic year. in this study we intent to known how the students of 1st cycle of design courses, and their teachers, have been approached with materials, research and practical work, when we have been teaching and learning through virtual classes, and how they how they managed to work remotely, in this situation.The research team consider that it is extremely important to carry out a survey for students of 1st cycle of design courses, and to their teachers, on their approach with materials, research and practical work, as well as the relationship of practice with the theory given by the teachers, comparing with the initial survey, done by the author in 2018, abou the same theme.
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Thudichum Vasconcelos, Ana, et Joao Cruz. « Design Strategies for Socio-Environmentally Adverse Territories ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001392.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In an inland southern region of Portugal, pathologies that intersect social and environmental problems have been identified, such as low density, aged and dispersed population, as well as low rainfall and high temperatures. An applied research and development initiative endorsing those problems was carried out by students and staff of the University of Lisbon along two years. This text reflects on this experience and the role of design on such predicaments.The research questions are: how and what kind of innovation can design bring to the community's quality of life in territories under adverse conditions of that kind?A previous analysis, carried out between local authorities and our design school, allowed us to trace two lines of investigation, one aimed at intensifying the flow of people within the territory, and the other focused on promoting the relationship between Man and his environment.Considering that design can contribute to the process of social change, through design for social innovation and collaborative services, we reflect on the main characteristics that the design projects must contemplate, which are: a user-centered perspective; be a participatory process; to draft with a sustainability perspective; adopt a multilevel perspective; to endorse innovation and; sustain problem solving.The research methodology involves the transversal use of design methods and participatory processes, immersion in the territory, collection of primary and secondary data, definition of the concept, development of proposals, communication and validation by the municipal authorities.The results are a set of projects with a wide range of solutions in the field of social innovation, with the aim of valuing social interaction, valuing culture and regenerating the local landscape, namely: a cultural caravan service; a Lab-desk service; a cultural project to reactivate community wood-fired bread ovens; a website to publicize local projects focused on agroecological food; a Center for the Intangible Cultural Heritage; a co-working and co-living service; an environmental festival; a research service aimed at better understanding the needs of the “silent population”; a garden at the historic urban center of Mértola town; a public botanical garden; and, the renovation of a public area in a small village.The relevance of this work lies in the assertion of the potential of design strategies for social inovation, particularly in a context of social and environmental adversity, where design can fullfill a key role valuing the daily lives of populations. This article demonstrates that there is an immense space for work involving the public institutions managing this type of territories and the design academia. From our experience, a transversal line stands out: the intersection between local knowledge and the external population. This converges it the idea that the value that design brings to this kind of community is the drafting of arenas of social interaction where the local social fabric is nurtured and, simultaneously, beholding people´s awareness of the surrounding environment’s frailty.
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Mazur-Kumrić, Nives. « POST-COVID-19 RECOVERY AND RESILIENCEBUILDING IN THE OUTERMOST REGIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION : TOWARDS A NEW EUROPEAN STRATEGY ». Dans The recovery of the EU and strengthening the ability to respond to new challenges – legal and economic aspects. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/22443.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The socio-economic environment of the outermost regions of the European Union was severely affected by the COVID-19 crisis. Due to their geographical and historical specificities, the outermost regions were significantly lagging behind the rest of the European Union in terms of economic indicators even in the pre-pandemic period. Expectedly, COVID-19-induced shocks additionally potentiated their development gap. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the multiple impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Réunion, Martinique, Mayotte, and Saint Martin (France), the Azores and Madeira (Portugal), and the Canary Islands (Spain), and the related legislative responses of the European Union aiming at eliminating adverse effects of the crisis and building more resilient societies. The factual assessment is carried out primarily through the prism of the European Commission’s 2021 Study on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Outermost Regions, which underlines the health, economic and social repercussions of the crisis as well as a recommended set of recovery and resilience-building measures in the outermost regions. The legal analysis focuses on the ongoing codification of the rules and measures regulating the governance of the outermost regions as integral parts of the European Union. Pursuant to Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), the European Union shall adopt specific measures for laying down the conditions for the development of the outermost regions, such as those in the area of fiscal policy, European Structural and Investment Funds, State-aid, agriculture and fisheries policies, and others. In that regard, the paper looks into the recently adopted regulations facilitating the use of EU funds and particular benefits (e.g. tax exemptions) in the outermost regions. Special emphasis is put on the currently tabled initiatives for an updated regulatory framework enabling the outermost regions to improve and strengthen their overall socio-economic position. That mainly refers to the forthcoming European strategy for the outermost regions, to be adopted in 2022. The respective strategy shall lay the foundations for a new strategic approach of the European Union to shaping a sustainable and resilient future for the outermost regions apt to face the challenges of the 21st century, notably those related to green, digital, and demographic transition.
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Matias, Lídia Maria Moreira. « Património e regeneração : transformações urbanas da área envolvente aos canais aquáticos da cidade de Aveiro ». Dans Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona : Facultad de Arquitectura. Universidad de la República, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6109.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Os canais que atravessam o centro urbano de Aveiro são património, imagem de marca da cidade e únicos em Portugal. São identificados como elementos estruturais que condicionaram a forma urbana e a sua evolução. A presente pesquisa visa verificar: (a) se a evolução urbana suportada pela análise dicotómica entre morfologia e transformações urbanas considera os canais aquáticos ao longo dos dois últimos séculos como cenários relevantes para a sustentabilidade económico-social da cidade de Aveiro; (b) se a partir da forma urbana existente, as estratégias identificadas na cidade de Aveiro - a expansão, a densificação e a centralidade -, contribuem para a regeneração do espaço urbano. Para cumprir os objetivos traçados, a investigação pretende estruturar uma matriz de critérios de intervenção como principal ferramenta de análise de dados quantitativos e qualitativos, segundo um fio condutor que tem como foco principal desta investigação, a regeneração das áreas urbanas contíguas aos canais. The canals that run through the urban center are the heritage of this city, being the market image of the latter and they are absolutely unique in Portugal. They are identified as structural instruments that had conditioned the urban shape and its evolution. Based on these firstlings, the research aims to check: a) if the urban development supported by the dichotomous analysis between morphology and urban transformations, considers the aquatic canals relevant sceneries, through the last two centuries, relevant sceneries for the social support of the Aveiro city; b) if from the existing urban form, the strategies that identify the city of Aveiro – expansion, density and the main center -, they contribute for the regeneration of the urban space. In order to achieve the already stated objectives, the research pretends to structure a range of intervention perceptions as an analysis tool for a connecting junction for quantitative and qualitative datas, being the main focus of this research, the regeneration of urban areas adjacent to the canals.
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Marat-Mendes, Teresa, et João Cunha Borges. « The role of food in re-imagining the city ». Dans 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/dzri9995.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Humanity is now believed to live in a new geological epoch, the Anthropocene, as changes have been reported on the atmosphere, air, water, and soil, but also on societal perceptions of these issues. This presentation departs from the theoretical assumption that the impact of the abovementioned changes on culture and the environment have not yet found a stable influence on urban planning. This presentation overviews the implications of the food system within urban planning while considering it as a socio-technical system which integrates production, distribution, transformation, consumption and disposal patterns. The production phase of the food system in particular, emerges as a fundamental planning challenge, extending to urban form solutions, individual behaviours, dietary regimes, inequalities in foodsheds planning, and the cultural capital of food. Accordingly, the food system emerges here as an opportunity to identify how current urban fabrics of cities and their rural and regional hinterlands can be transformed in terms of their metabolic function and respond to the needs of people and the environment. To do so, this presentation introduces the preliminary results of an analysis conducted by an ongoing research project SPLACH – Spatial Planning for Change, at two particular scales: the region and the neighbourhood. Thus, while focusing in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA), in Portugal, we provide an analysis of the Regional Plan as well as of specific residential neighbourhoods located in LMA, regarding the relationship between the food system functioning and urban planning approaches. The analysis includes a comparative number of case studies which differ in urban form solutions, socio-economic conditions, but also geographical location. The results support the request for a stronger integration of the above-identified underexplored topics of the food system within urban planning, which will be fundamental to inform a new theory of the city that makes any serious contribution towards a sustainability transition.
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Sportello, Valentina. « Cronaca di un abbandono : fenomeni di migrazione all'interno della Ciudad Vieja di Montevideo ». Dans International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma : Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8015.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La Ciudad Vieja, ha rappresentato per secoli il centro funzionale, abitativo e commerciale della
città di Montevideo, eppure nel corso dell’ultimo secolo ha subito molte trasformazioni che ne
hanno mutato sia il volto urbano che la composizione sociale. Risulta infatti essere il barrio
Montevideano con il maggior calo di abitanti (circa il 20%) e la causa principale di tale
fenomeno è imputabile alla localizzazione del porto commerciale nella baia e al conseguente
svilupparsi in loco dei servizi legati all’attività di quest'ultimo, che hanno trasformato l'antico
centro storico in un “barrio portuale”.
Lentamente la Ciudad Vieja si svuota e si classifica come luogo pericoloso e degradato agli
occhi dei suoi abitanti, che se ne allontanano attratti da abitazioni più comode e tranquille sul
bordo dell'oceano.
A questo flusso di popolazione in fuga, se ne affianca uno contrario, invisibile, composto dal
ceto più povero, il quale in cerca di un rifugio, è attratto dallo stock abitativo disponibile e
abbandonato che occupa illegalmente e dalle possibilità di lavoro offerte dal vicino porto. Il volto
della Ciudad Vieja cambia ancora, e il degrado urbano delle vie, corrisponde al peggioramento
delle condizioni di vita dei suoi nuovi abitanti, i quali vivono in totale assenza di regole igieniche,
in condizioni di sovraffollamento, privi di acqua e luce.
Nonostante negli ultimi anni le amministrazioni si siano occupate del degrado urbano e sociale
presente nella zona, le proposte di rilancio pensate, limitate al recupero di alcune facciate o alla
pedonalizzazione di alcune vie, son fallite miseramente e il fenomeno non è stato arginato,
mentre l'auspicata partecipazione di investitori privati non ha mai avuto seguito. For centuries the Ciudad Vieja was the functional, residential and commercial centre of the city
of Montevideo, however over the past century it has undergone many transformations, which have changed its urban essence and its social composition. It has been shown to be the barrio
in Montevideo with the highest population decline (about 20 %). Such phenomenon may be
attributed to the position of the commercial port in the bay and to the consequent development
of activities linked to the port, which have transformed the old town centre into a "port barrio".
The Ciudad Vieja slowly emptied and it was seen as dangerous and degraded by its inhabitants,
who went away from it attracted by more comfortable and quiet homes by the ocean. Another
flow contrasted that of the fleeding population: it was made up of the lower class in search for
refuge, attracted by the vacant and abandoned homes, which it occupied illegally, and by work
opportunities offered by the nearby port. The essence of the Ciudad Vieja changed once again
and the urban decay of the streets was equivalent to the worstening of the living conditions of its
new inhabitants, who live without sanitation rules, in overcrowded conditions and without
running water and electricity. Although in recent years administrations have dealt with the area's
urban and social decay, the proposed solutions, limited to the reclamation of a few facades and
to the pedestrianisation of some streets, have failed miserably and the phenomenon hasn't
been contained, while private investors have never participated.