Articles de revues : « Porce II (Hydroelectric project) »

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Amolo, Amolo Elvis Juma, Charles Mallans Rambo et Charles Misiko Wafula. « Financial risk management instruments and performance of hydro-power projects in Kenya ». International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 10, n^o 4 (15 juin 2021) : 438–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i4.1210.

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This paper aims (i) to establish the extent to which alternative risk transfer influence the performance of hydroelectric energy projects in Kenya, (ii) to examine how Contingent capital influence the performance of hydroelectric energy projects in Kenya, (iii) to To assess the extent to which Credit enhancement influence performance of hydroelectric energy projects in Kenya, (iv) to determine the extent to which Hedging derivatives influence performance of hydroelectric energy projects in Kenya, (v) to examine how Insurance influence performance of hydroelectric energy projects in Kenya. The study adopted the pragmatism paradigm, mixed-method approach, and descriptive correlational survey design while questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data from a census of 94 participants. This study recommends that project management and policymakers should integrate appropriate financial risk management instruments to improve the performance of hydroelectric energy projects besides developing targeted policies for strengthening the implementation of the financial risk management instruments to boost investors and lenders confidence

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Effendi, Alyaa Filza, M. K. Abubakar, A. S. Ruddin, A. N. Saidin, S. M. Husin et A. Md Shukor. « Puah Reservoir, Malaysia : A Preliminary Limnological Finding at the Newly Operated Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Project (HTHEP) ». Indonesian Journal of Limnology 3, n^o 2 (1 avril 2023) : 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51264/inajl.v3i2.28.

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In this study we present a first limnological characterization of Puah Reservoir (surface area of 69.79km2) since completion in 2014 and filling in 2015. The results obtained from seven sampling points shows the overall average values, standard deviation and range (min – max) of the physico-chemical parameters investigated in Puah Reservoir for twelve (12) months (Jan – Dec 2016) sampling. Puah Reservoir overall average surface water parameters recorded are water temperature (29.83 ± 1.78 ?C ; 24.10 – 33.70 ?C); dissolved oxygen (DO) (6.17 ± 0.95 mg/L ; 4.00 – 8.74 mg/L); chemical oxygen demand (COD) (17.67 ± 8.18 mg/L ; 2.00 – 39.00 mg/L), biological oxygen demand (BOD) (2.41 ± 1.38 mg/L ; 0.30 – 6.90 mg/L), pH (6.73 ± 0.47 ; 5.79 – 8.51), total suspended solid (TSS) (3.62 ± 2.23 mg/L ; 1.10 – 16.50 mg/L); nitrate (NO3-) (0.01 ± 0.01 mg/L ; 0.00 – 0.04 mg/L), nitrite (NO2-) (1.14 ± 0.88 mg/L; 0.00 – 4.00 mg/L); phosphorus (PO4-) (0.48 ± 0.28 mg/L ; 0.18 – 1.40 mg/L) and ammonia-N (NH4-N) (0.19 ± 0.15 mg/L ; 0.00 – 0.70 mg/L). Calculation of Water Quality Index (WQI) based on six (6) parameters shows that sampling stations at Puah Reservoir are in Class II with an average of 87.58 (Class II). Based on WQI for Class II, it has been proposed suitable for recreational activities involving the body contact, drinking water resources with conventional treatment and suitable for sensitive aquatic species. In summary, thermal stratification in Puah Reservoir was identified within range of 2 – 5 meter vertical depth.

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Naithani, A. K., P. C. Nawani, L. G. Singh et Devendra Singh. « Engineering geological evaluation of the spillway of dam (II-B) of Bunakha Hydroelectric Project, Chukha Dzong, Bhutan ». Journal of the Geological Society of India 81, n^o 6 (juin 2013) : 835–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12594-013-0109-4.

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Shrestha, Ratna Sansar. « Arun-III Project : Nepal’s Electricity Crisis and its Role in Current Load Shedding and Potential Role 10 Years Hence ». Hydro Nepal : Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 4 (24 mai 2009) : 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v4i0.1822.

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It has become fashionable to blame ‘cancellation’ of the Arun-III hydroelectric project by the World Bank in 1995 in reference to Nepal’s current electricity crisis, inferring that had it been implemented consumers in Nepal would not be facing the current load shedding problem. Now is the time for a dispassionate and detached analysis of the two scenarios, with and without Arun-II I. The analysis of alternative scenarios demonstrates that implementation of the Arun-III 201 MW project in 1995 would not have eliminated load shedding from 2000 onwards; in fact, the power deficit may have been of a higher magnitude. Now, Arun-III planning is for a new incarnation with a capacity of 402 MW, expected to be completed within 10 years. But as the output of this project has been slated for export, it, too, will not alleviate the load shedding problem of Nepal.Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue No. 4, January, 2009 Page 30-35

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Panthi, Krishna Kanta. « Back calculation of in-situ rock stresses for a tunnel project in Himachal, India ». Journal of Nepal Geological Society 42 (24 septembre 2011) : 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v42i0.31459.

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Determination of in-situ stresses in the rock mass is necessary for stability assessment and proper design of underground openings. It is important to know the state of stress surrounding the opening so that right and optimum rock support is assigned as preliminary and permanent rock support. However, the majority of long tunnels with high rock cove r face severe tunnel instability problems related to rock stresses. The headrace tunnel of Parbati II hydroelectric project is one of such tunnels, especially the tunnel segment passing through Manikaran quartzite. It is known fact that the extent and type of stress induced instability vary greatly upon rock type, deformability properties, jointing and inter-bedding characteristics in the rock mass. This paper back calculates the state of stress using Phase 2 finite element model in a TBM bored segment of the tunnel and also briefly reviews mechanical properties of the intact rock that may have direct link on the nature of stress induced instability. It is believed that back calculated stress magnitude may be useful for the stability assessment in other segment of headrace tunnel.

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Waters, Jonathan M., Michael Shirley et Gerard P. Closs. « Hydroelectric development and translocation of Galaxias brevipinnis : a cloud at the end of the tunnel ? » Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2002) : 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f01-195.

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Two major drainages of southeastern Australia, the Snowy River and the Murray River, were artificially linked by a major hydroelectric project during the early 20th century. This development diverts Snowy River flow into tributaries of the Murray River via a series of extensive tunnels. In 1990, fish surveys of the upper Murray River system recorded Galaxias brevipinnis, an aggressive migratory species previously unrecorded from the drainage. We used genetic analysis to discriminate between alternative hypotheses for Murray River G. brevipinnis: (i) anthropogenic translocation via the Snowy River diversion or (ii) a previously undiscovered natural population. Landlocked G. brevipinnis from the Murray River (43 fish, eight control region haplotypes) and Snowy River (39 fish, 11 haplotypes) exhibit similar levels of mtDNA diversity, share six haplotypes, and are not significantly differentiated for microsatellite loci (p = 0.0884). Coastal samples exhibit higher haplotypic diversity (40 fish, 20 haplotypes) but share only three haplotypes with Murray River and are significantly differentiated from Murray River samples for microsatellite loci (p = 0.0008). Our data are consistent with the translocation hypothesis but are generally inconsistent with a natural origin for Murray River G. brevipinnis. The suggested human-mediated translocation represents a risk to native fauna.

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Velastegui-Montoya, Andres, Aline de Lima et Marcos Adami. « Multitemporal Analysis of Deforestation in Response to the Construction of the Tucuruí Dam ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, n^o 10 (3 octobre 2020) : 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9100583.

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The expansion of hydroelectric dams that is planned, and under construction, in the Amazon basin is a proposal to generate “clean” energy, with the purposes of meeting the regional energy demand, and the insertion of Brazil into the international economic market. However, this type of megaproject can change the dynamics of natural ecosystems. In the present article, the spatiotemporal patterns of deforestation according to distance from the reservoir in the vicinity of the lake of Tucuruí, and within a radius of 30 km from it, are analyzed. A linear spectral mixture model of segmented Landsat-thematic mapper (TM), enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+), and operational land imager (OLI) images, and proximity analysis were used for the mapping of the land-cover classes in the vicinity of the artificial lake of Tucuruí. Likewise, landscape metrics were determined with the purpose of quantifying the reduction of primary forest, as a mechanism of loss of ecosystem services in the region. These methods were also used for the evaluation of the influence of the distance from the reservoir on the expansion of anthropogenic activities. This methodology was used for the scenarios of pre-inauguration, completion of phase I, beginning of construction phase II, full completion of the Tucuruí hydroelectric project, and the current scenario of the region. The results showed that the highest deforestation rate occurred in the first period of the analysis, due to the areas submerged by the reservoir and due to the anthropogenic disturbances, such as timber extraction, road construction, and the conversion of forests into large areas of agribusiness.

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XU, Jiuping, Qiurui LIU et Xiao LEI. « A FUZZY MULTI-OBJECTIVE MODEL AND APPLICATION FOR THE DISCRETE DYNAMIC TEMPORARY FACILITIES LOCATION PLANNING PROBLEM ». JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 22, n^o 3 (24 mars 2016) : 357–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.897974.

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The location of temporary facilities on construction sites is essential to the enhancement of productivity and safety, but it is complex due to the unique issues associated with construction. To positively contribute to the dynamic construction site layout planning field, this paper proposes a new fuzzy multi-objective decision making model. The proposed hybrid optimization model utilizes fuzzy numbers and logic to represent the closeness relationship between temporary facilities. The two main phases presented represent a specific advance in knowledge in through: (1) an optimization model that considers both uncertainty and dynamic elements; (2) the application of this optimization to a special project. A multi-objective simulated annealing-based genetic algorithm (MOSA-based GA) is proposed to solve the model and the case of Jinping-II hydroelectric station is studied to evaluate the model’s performance. The computational study was carried out to demonstrate the practicality and efficiency of the proposed optimization method. The study is applicable and useful to the profession.

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Zheng, Huan, Hongchang Mei, Mengxun Nie et Yu Xiong. « A discrete time-cost-environment trade-off problem with multiple projects : the Jinping-II Hydroelectric Station large-scale deeply buried tunnel group project ». International Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Management 30, n^o 5 (2016) : 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmtm.2016.078920.

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Satskyi, Pavlo. « Projects waterways seas in the Soviet Union at the Dnipro as an extension of the concept Intermarium after World War II ». European Historical Studies, n^o 5 (2016) : 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2016.05.97-111.

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The author of the article has been analysing the problems, which had important significance for the new and modern history and for the system of international relations in the Central Europe, i.e. the realisation of the project of uniting of the Baltic and Black Seas as a single political project. It was the well-known idea of the Intermarium, which was popular in the political history for a number of decades and was used by the Polish foreign policy. However, a similar idea was also born in Russia during the Seven Years’ War in the years of 1756-1763. The idea of uniting of the Baltic and Black Seas in terms of the single political 111 project was also relevant in the 20th century before the beginning of the World War II.However, after the end of the war it has gained new technocratic meaning in theUSSR. In USSR the project of the uniting the Baltic and Black Seas was being implemented, into which this country had a relatively easy exit after the integration of the Baltic states by means of the creation of water transport route from the Dnieper. The beginning of the realisation of this idea was building of The Kakhovka Hydroelectric Station and the Southern-Ukrainian and Northern-Crimea channels. In terms of the realisation of this project there were also plans to create the connection of the Dnieper channel with the Azov Sea. In the process of the discussions related to the question of the expediency of building of the Southern-Ukrainian and Northern-Crimea channels, which took place in 1952, the building of the channel uniting Dnieper with the Azov Sea remained among the top questions for discussions. But there was one controversial question related to the orientation of the before mentioned channel, i.e. according to the Meridian or parallelly, that is parallelly to the Sivash, which separated the Crimea from the mainland. In 1954 the Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR suggested the project of the uniting of the Baltic Sea with the Black Sea in terms of the creating of the Waterways System in the European part of the USSR. All technical projects related to the uniting of the Baltic Sea with the Black Sea with the help of highways remained to be the ideas only. However, one can notice the strategical importance of the development of these ideas and the geopolitical role of the Dnieper river and Sivash, which are strategically interrelated projects.

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Xu, Jiuping, Huan Zheng, Ziqiang Zeng, Shiyong Wu et Manbin Shen. « Discrete time–cost–environment trade-off problem for large-scale construction systems with multiple modes under fuzzy uncertainty and its application to Jinping-II Hydroelectric Project ». International Journal of Project Management 30, n^o 8 (novembre 2012) : 950–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.01.019.

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Amaral, Cristiano Torres do, Juocerlee Tavares Guadalupe Pereira Lima et Rodrigo Da Silva Guedes. « REAVALIAÇÃO DA VALORAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DOS RECURSOS AMBIENTAIS IMPACTADOS COM A USINA HIDRELÉTRICA DE SANTO ANTÔNIO ». InterEspaço : Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade 2, n^o 6 (9 mars 2017) : 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2446-6549/interespaco.v2n6p235-252.

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O presente estudo é resultado de análises de teses de doutorado em andamento e se insere na temática de Valoração Econômica dos Recursos Ambientais (VERA) do Rio Madeira, situada no município de Porto Velho-RO. O objetivo foi de fazer uma análise crítica no processo de valoração econômica dos recursos ambientais na implantação da usina hidrelétrica (UHE) de Santo Antônio. Por outro lado, o trabalho também analisou o Projeto de Assentamento Joana D'Arc I, II e III como um dos stakeholders do empreendimento. Baseado na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, bem como com o suporte da teoria dos stakeholders, o resultado do estudo trouxe evidências que o processo de implantação desse empreendimento não considerou o real valor econômico ambiental do Rio Madeira, no que concerne ao meio físico, meio biótico e o meio socioeconômico, que é afetado ou poderá vir a ser afetado, nem tampouco consideraram os interesses de todos os stakeholders no Estudo de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) e Relatório de Impacto Ambiental (RIMA) que procederam a implantação da usina.Palavras-chave: Políticas Ambientais; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Stakeholders.REASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES IMPACTED WITH SANTO ANTÔNIO HYDROELECTRIC DAMABSTRACTThis study is the result of doctoral theses analyzes in progress and is included in the theme of Economic Valuation of Environmental Resources (VERA) Madeira River, located in the city of Porto Velho-RO. The goal was to make a critical analysis on the economic valuation process of environmental resources in the implementation of the Santo Antônio hydroelectric dam. On the other hand, the study also analyzed the Settlement Project Joan D’Arc I, II and III as one of the stakeholders of the enterprise. Based on bibliographical and documentary research, as well as with the support of stakeholder theory, the results of the study provided evidence that the implementation process of this project did not consider the real environmental economic value of the Madeira River, in relation to the physical environment, biotic and the socio-economic environment, which is affected or might be affected, nor considered the interests of all stakeholders in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Impact Report (EIR) that conducted the implementation of the plant.Keywords: Environmental Policies; Sustainable Development; Stakeholders.REVALUACIÓN DEL VALOR ECONÓMICO DE LOS RECURSOS AMBIENTALES AFECTADOS CON SANTO ANTÔNIO PRESA HIDROELÉCTRICARESUMENEste estudio es el resultado de análisis de las tesis doctorales en curso y se incluye en el tema de la valoración económica de los recursos ambientales (Vera) río Madeira, que se encuentra en la ciudad de Porto Velho-RO. El objetivo era hacer un análisis crítico en el proceso de valoración económica de los recursos del medio ambiente en la aplicación de la presa de Santo Antônio. Por otro lado, el estudio también analizó el Proyecto de Solución de Juana D’Arc I, II y III como uno de los partícipes de la empresa. Basado en una investigación bibliográfica y documental, así como con el apoyo de la teoría de los participantes, los resultados del estudio proporcionan evidencia de que el proceso de implementación de este proyecto no tuvo en cuenta el valor económico del medio ambiente real del río Madeira, en relación con el entorno físico , medio biótico y socioeconómico, que se ve afectado o podrían verse afectados, ni considera los intereses de todos los interesados en la evaluación de impacto ambiental (EIA) y el Informe de Impacto Ambiental (EIR) que llevó a cabo la ejecución de la planta.Palabras clave: Políticas Ambientales; Desarrollo sostenible; Las Partes Interesadas.

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« Major underground construction bids awarded on Colombia's Porce II hydro project ». Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 10, n^o 1 (janvier 1995) : 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0886-7798(95)90004-7.

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Raghuvanshi, Tarun Kumar, Engdawork Mulatu et Bekele Abebe. « Landslide hazard zonation around Gilgel Gibe-II Hydroelectric project, Southwestern Ethiopia ». SINET : Ethiopian Journal of Science 32, n^o 1 (12 août 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sinet.v32i1.68733.

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BNV, Siva Prasad. « Delineation of Cavity in Downstream Surge Chamber at Punatsangchhu-II Hydroelectric Project, Bhutan ». Journal of Geological Research 1, n^o 1 (17 mai 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v1i1.392.

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On 3rd March, 2016, there occurred a massive roof fall incidence in one of the major caverns of Punatsangchhu-II Hydroelectric Project (PHEP-II), Bhutan which halted the operations in the major caverns and required additional strengthening measures. Prior to concluding anything on the treatment measures for the muck flown into the cavern and the cavity formed over the crown of Downstream Surge Chamber, there was a strong need to determine the extents of cavity. Even to understand the influence of cavity formation on adjacent caverns, the cavity needs to be delineated. Therefore, the management of PHEP-II adopted several techniques to decipher the shape and dimensions of the cavity like, surveying, geophysical, cross-hole seismic surveys, borehole scanning, and exploratory drilling. The tentative shape of the cavity could finally be established. The findings from each method are explained in this paper.

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Raghuvanshi, Tarun Kumar, Engdawork Mulatu et Bekele Abebe. « Assessment of slope stability and remedial measures around Gilgel Gibe-II Hydroelectric Project, Southwest Ethiopia ». SINET : Ethiopian Journal of Science 33, n^o 1 (2 novembre 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sinet.v33i1.70560.

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Weber, Natalie, Ricarda Wistuba, Jonas Astrin et Jan Decher. « New records of bats and terrestrial small mammals from the Seli River in Sierra Leone before the construction of a hydroelectric dam ». Biodiversity Data Journal 7 (18 juin 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/bdj.7.e34754.

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Sierra Leone is situated at the western edge of the Upper Guinean Forests in West Africa, a recognised biodiversity hotspot which is increasingly threatened by habitat degradation and loss through anthropogenic impacts. The small mammal fauna of Sierra Leone is poorly documented, although bats and rodents account for the majority of mammalian diversity. Based on morphological, genetic and echolocation data, we recorded 30 bat (Chiroptera), three shrew (Soricomorpha) and eleven rodent (Rodentia) species at the Seli River in the north of the country in 2014 and 2016, during a baseline study for the Bumbuna Phase II hydroelectric project. In 2016, 15 bat species were additionally documented at the western fringe of the Loma Mountains, a recently established national park and biodiversity offset for the Bumbuna Phase I dam. Three bat species were recorded for the first time in Sierra Leone, raising the total number for the country to 61. Further, two bat species are threatened and endemic to the Upper Guinean Forest and several taxa of small mammals are poorly known or represent undescribed species. Overall, the habitats of the project area supported a species-rich small mammal fauna including species of global conservation concern. Suitable mitigation measures and/or offsets are necessary to maintain biodiversity and ecosystems in a region that is under high human pressure.

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De Souza Junyor, Flavio, Creir Da Silva, Filipe Andrich, Joyce Ronquim et Máriam Trierveiler Pereira. « PRELIMINARY ANALYSES OF THE EFFICIENCY OF SUSTAINABLE FILTERS AND HYDROELETRIC POTENTIAL FOR A CLEAN ENERGY GENERATION AND WATER DEPOLLUTION SYSTEM ». Revista Mundi Engenharia, Tecnologia e Gestão (ISSN : 2525-4782) 5, n^o 7 (6 décembre 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.21575/25254782rmetg2020vol5n71095.

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In last decades, water pollution has become more pronounced on all rivers in Latin America, Africa and Asia. Thus, it is estimated that the deterioration of water quality will extend further over the coming decades, increasing threats to human health, environment and sustainable development. Simultaneously, it has been observed a depletion of non-renewable energetic sources and its increasing replacement by renewable sources. Therefore, the United Nations (UN) has been setting goals regarding sustainable development for the countries. Thus, the present study aimed to create and design a mechanism that integrates clean energy generation and water depollution from small and medium-sized streams by using agro-industrial waste. For this, it was necessary to survey the theoretical framework besides the hydrological study of Pinhalzinho II watershed, which was chosen for the simulation. Thus, it was started the design of the hydroelectric microcentral coupled to a sustainable water purification system using the softwares: AutoCAD© and SketchUp 3D©. In addition, the stream flow was determined and its energy potential was calculated in order to estimate the amount of energy that could be generated by the system. Then, laboratory scale filters were constructed from sugarcane bagasse and cassava peel for efficiency analyses. Finally, the upstream (raw water) and downstream (after filtering) water samples were analyzed and their parameter values determined. After data treatment, it was found that the results were not satisfactory; conversely, they showed a reduction in raw water quality, achieving efficiency only for the thermotolerant coliforms parameter. Nevertheless, regarding the hydroelectric microcentral project and the hydroenergetic potential of the stream, the results were promising.

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Mitra, Arupkumar, et A. K. Ghosh. « Landslide hazards in eastern Himalayas ». Journal of Nepal Geological Society 22 (1 décembre 2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v22i0.32377.

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The Himalayas, with extreme variations in relief, are characterised by very steep slopes, harsh (i.e. cold and humid) climate and a dynamic geotectonic setting. These characteristics appear responsible for widespread slope failures and mass movements, which are often accentuated by various human activities. The importance and severity of landslide phenomenon was not recognised until recently because of sparse habitation, remoteness of its occurrence, and limited sphere of influence of the individual slides. During the last few decades, increasing developmental activities, such as unplanned urbanization, communication, dam construction, deforestation, and agriculture, have substantially affected the geo-environment and aggravated the landslide hazard in the eastern Himalayas. Three sample areas: i) along the National Highway 31 A (the East Sikkim District), ii) in the area of the Rarnmarn Hydroelectric Project Stage II (the Darjeeling District), and iii) in the Kalimpong Municipal area (the Darjeeling District), all within the inner tectonic belt of the Lesser Himalaya, were investigated for preparing LHZ maps on 1:25,000 scale. Landslide hazard evaluation factors (LHEF) were rated for each of the major causative factors, namely lithology, structure, slope morphometry, relative relief, land use, and drainage density, and summed up to obtain the total estimated hazard (TEHD) values for each slope facet. The TEHD values from 0 to 10 were classified into live zones of increasing relative hazard.

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Semwal, Sapna, et D. D. Chauniyal. « Impact of Dam on Channel Morphology of Alaknanda River in Srinagar Valley (Garhwal Himalaya) ». Himalayan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 14, n^o 1 (décembre 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.51220/hjssh.v14i1.3.

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Rivers play a significant role in the human activities all over the world. Increasing demand of water for drinking & irrigation and hydroelectricity, numbers of impacts can be seen in the rivers environment. The present paper focuses on the impact of Supana Dam on the channel morphology of Alaknanda River in Srinagar valley Garhwal Himalaya. The field investigation approach has been adopted for the present study. The impact assessment has been carried out into three categories i.e. (i) Impact of dam on channel morphology, (ii) Impact of dam on human environment and (iii) Anthropogenic impact on channel Morphology. The results of the study show that after the construction of dam positive and negative impact have been assessed. Due to the blockage of water and sediment flow the entire riverine environment has been changed. Channel morphological features are well exposed for geomorphological study. Changing pattern of land and water relationship destroyed the previous ecosystem balance. Besides this, dam is supplying cheapest clean, efficient and reliable energy generated by hydroelectric power plant. Other impacts of dam are loss of fauna and flora, quality of drinking water supply and concentration of pollution in downstream. Out of these large numbers of sand and gravel extraction activities has been started on the exposed channel bed. Although some positive and negative impacts are observed by the construction of dams but several measures have been suggested to mitigate the adverse impacts of a hydropower project in the present study area.

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