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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Polymeric mask »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 9 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Polymeric mask"

Canavese, G., S. L. Marasso, M. Quaglio, M. Cocuzza, C. Ricciardi et C. F. Pirri. « Polymeric mask protection for alternative KOH silicon wet etching ». Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 17, n^o 7 (15 juin 2007) : 1387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/17/7/022.

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Li, Xingzhou, et Yan Gong. « Design of Polymeric Nanofiber Gauze Mask to Prevent Inhaling PM2.5 Particles from Haze Pollution ». Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015) : 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/460392.

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Recently, PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter of 2.5 micron or less) has become a major health hazard from the polluted air in many cities in China. The regular gauze masks are used to prevent inhaling the PM2.5 fine particles; however, those masks are not able to filter out the PM2.5 because of the large porosity of the mask materials. Some well-prevented masks usually have poor breathability, which increases other health risks. In this study, a polysulfone based nanofiber for mask filtration material was synthesized by electrospinning. That nanofiber mask material was characterized by SEM, air permeability test, and PM2.5 trapping experiment. The results indicate that nanofiber mask material can efficiently filter out the PM2.5 particles and simultaneously preserve a good breathability. We attribute such improvement to the nanoscaled fibers, having the same porosity as that of regular gauze mask but with extremely reduced local interfiber space.

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Wibisono, Yusuf, Cut Rifda Fadila, Saiful Saiful et Muhammad Roil Bilad. « Facile Approaches of Polymeric Face Masks Reuse and Reinforcements for Micro-Aerosol Droplets and Viruses Filtration : A Review ». Polymers 12, n^o 11 (28 octobre 2020) : 2516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112516.

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Since the widespread of severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease, the utilization of face masks has become omnipresent all over the world. Face masks are believed to contribute to an adequate protection against respiratory infections spread through micro-droplets among the infected person to non-infected others. However, due to the very high demands of face masks, especially the N95-type mask typically worn by medical workers, the public faces a shortage of face masks. Many papers have been published recently that focus on developing new and facile techniques to reuse and reinforce commercially available face masks. For instance, the N95 mask uses a polymer-based (membrane) filter inside, and the filter membrane can be replaced if needed. Another polymer sputtering technique by using a simple cotton candy machine could provide a cheap and robust solution for face mask fabrication. This review discuss the novel approaches of face mask reuse and reinforcement specifically by using membrane-based technology. Tuning the polymeric properties of face masks to enhance filterability and virus inactivity is crucial for future investigation.

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Jeon, Sangheon, Pyunghwa Han, Jeonghwa Jeong, Wan Sik Hwang et Suck Won Hong. « Highly Aligned Polymeric Nanowire Etch-Mask Lithography Enabling the Integration of Graphene Nanoribbon Transistors ». Nanomaterials 11, n^o 1 (25 décembre 2020) : 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010033.

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Graphene nanoribbons are a greatly intriguing form of nanomaterials owing to their unique properties that overcome the limitations associated with a zero bandgap of two-dimensional graphene at room temperature. Thus, the fabrication of graphene nanoribbons has garnered much attention for building high-performance field-effect transistors. Consequently, various methodologies reported previously have brought significant progress in the development of highly ordered graphene nanoribbons. Nonetheless, easy control in spatial arrangement and alignment of graphene nanoribbons on a large scale is still limited. In this study, we explored a facile, yet effective method for the fabrication of graphene nanoribbons by employing orientationally controlled electrospun polymeric nanowire etch-mask. We started with a thermal chemical vapor deposition process to prepare graphene monolayer, which was conveniently transferred onto a receiving substrate for electrospun polymer nanowires. The polymeric nanowires act as a robust etching barrier underlying graphene sheets to harvest arrays of the graphene nanoribbons. On varying the parametric control in the process, the size, morphology, and width of electrospun polymer nanowires were easily manipulated. Upon O2 plasma etching, highly aligned arrays of graphene nanoribbons were produced, and the sacrificial polymeric nanowires were completely removed. The graphene nanoribbons were used to implement field-effect transistors in a bottom-gated configuration. Such approaches could realistically yield a relatively improved current on–off ratio of ~30 higher than those associated with the usual micro-ribbon strategy, with the clear potential to realize reproducible high-performance devices.

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Kim, Jin Tae, et Choon-Gi Choi. « Absorber embedded x-ray mask for high aspect ratio polymeric optical components ». Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 15, n^o 3 (14 janvier 2005) : 615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/15/3/025.

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Foffa, Ilenia, Paola Losi, Paola Quaranta, Alice Cara, Tamer Al Kayal, Mario D’Acunto, Gianluca Presciuttini, Mauro Pistello et Giorgio Soldani. « A Copper nanoparticles-based polymeric spray coating : Nanoshield against Sars-Cov-2 ». Journal of Applied Biomaterials & ; Functional Materials 20 (janvier 2022) : 228080002210763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22808000221076326.

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Face masks are an effective protection tool to prevent bacterial and viral transmission. However, commercial face masks contain filters made of materials that are not capable of inactivating either SARS-CoV-2. In this regard, we report the development of an antiviral coating of polyurethane and Copper nanoparticles on a face mask filter fabricated with a spray technology that is capable of inactivating more than 99% of SARS-CoV-2 particles in 30 min of contact.

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Dalvi-Malhotra, J., X. F. Zhong, C. Planje, G. Brand et K. Yess. « A spin-on photosensitive polymeric etch protection mask for anisotropic wet etching of silicon ». Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 18, n^o 2 (9 janvier 2008) : 025029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/18/2/025029.

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Baek, Jae Yun, Kyung Mook Kang, Hyeong Jun Kim, Ju Hyeon Kim, Ju Hwan Lee, Gilyong Shin, Jei Gyeong Jeon et al. « Manufacturing Process of Polymeric Microneedle Sensors for Mass Production ». Micromachines 12, n^o 11 (5 novembre 2021) : 1364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12111364.

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In this work, we present a fabrication process for microneedle sensors made of polylactic acid (PLA), which can be utilized for the electrochemical detection of various biomarkers in interstitial fluid. Microneedles were fabricated by the thermal compression molding of PLA into a laser machined polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mold. Sensor fabrication was completed by forming working, counter, and reference electrodes on each sensor surface by Au sputtering through a stencil mask, followed by laser dicing to separate individual sensors from the substrate. The devised series of processes was designed to be suitable for mass production, where multiple microneedle sensors can be produced at once on a 4-inch wafer. The operational stability of the fabricated sensors was confirmed by linear sweep voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry at the range of working potentials of various biochemical molecules in interstitial fluid.

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Fitri, Raissa, Hariyadi Dharmawan Syahputra, Nasri Nasri, Vera Estefania Kaban et Zulmai Rani. « Formulation of a biocellulose mask containing the essence of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f combination with vitamin E as anti-aging ». ScienceRise : Pharmaceutical Science, n^o 6(40) (30 décembre 2022) : 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2022.268987.

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Most ageing processes are accelerated due to an increasing amount of endogenic stress from outdoor or indoor activity overload. The essence of aloe vera is formulated in the form of a biocellulose mask. It is one of the solutions to deliver essence within polymeric substances, obtained through the fermentation process with the help of Acetobacter xyllinum. The aim of this study is to enhance anti-ageing activity derived from Aloe vera (L) essence combined with vitamin E, thus in the form of a biocellulose mask that will prolong skin contact and reduce the main cotton sheet mask problem of deforestation, hence its eco-friendly benefit. Material and methods: Twelve volunteers around 25 to 45 years old are subjected to a biocellulose mask containing Aloe vera essence combined with vitamin E for at least 4 weeks to achieve a balanced skin criterion including wrinkles, spots, facial pores, and moisture. Aloe vera and vitamin E constituents within F0; F1, F2; F3, [0%, 0%]; [0%, 1%]; [5%, 0 %] and [5 %, 1 %] as per the following. Results: Results showed that bio-cellulose masks containing 5 % Aloe vera with 1 % of vitamin E essence in F3 provide a beneficial anti-ageing activity rather than other biocellulose mask preparations. Conclusion: Biocellulose mask through the fermentation process can improve skin conditions, the formula combined with the well-known activity of aloe vera as an exfoliating agent and antioxidant vitamin E, it can not only provide skin rejuvenation but also provide anti-ageing activity

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Lu, Wen-Chi, Ching-Yi Chen, Chia-Jung Cho, Manikandan Venkatesan, Wei-Hung Chiang, Yang-Yen Yu, Chen-Hung Lee, Rong-Ho Lee, Syang-Peng Rwei et Chi-Ching Kuo. « Antibacterial Activity and Protection Efficiency of Polyvinyl Butyral Nanofibrous Membrane Containing Thymol Prepared through Vertical Electrospinning ». Polymers 13, n^o 7 (1 avril 2021) : 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13071122.

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Human safety, health management, and disease transmission prevention have become crucial tasks in the present COVID-19 pandemic situation. Masks are widely available and create a safer and disease transmission–free environment. This study presents a facile method of fabricating masks through electrospinning nontoxic polyvinyl butyral (PVB) polymeric matrix with the antibacterial component Thymol, a natural phenol monoterpene. Based on the results of Japanese Industrial Standards and American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists methods, the maximum antibacterial value of the mask against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was 5.6 and 6.4, respectively. Moreover, vertical electrospinning was performed to prepare Thymol/PVB nanofiber masks, and the effects of parameters on the submicron particulate filtration efficiency (PFE), differential pressure, and bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) were determined. Thorough optimization of the small-diameter nanofiber–based antibacterial mask led to denser accumulation and improved PFE and pressure difference; the mask was thus noted to meet the present pandemic requirements. The as-developed nanofibrous masks have the antibacterial activity suggested by the National Standard of the Republic of China (CNS 14774) for general medical masks. Their BFE reaches 99.4%, with a pressure difference of <5 mmH2O/cm2. The mask can safeguard human health and promote a healthy environment.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Polymeric mask"

ANDREOZZI, ANDREA. « Fabrication of nanostructured materials using block copolymer based lithography ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28333.

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The main objective of the PhD research activity carried out at MDM Laboratory was the growth and manipulation of nano-objects to be used as building blocks for the fabrication of new generation of nano-transistors, nano-memories and nano-emitters. The first part of the research activity was related to the development of reproducible and controlled protocols for the fabrication of polymeric soft masks for advanced lithographic applications using block copolymers. To this purpose hexagonally packed nanoporous polymeric thin films were fabricated using PS-b-PMMA block copolymers and accurately characterized. Special care was used to the functionalization of the sample surface prior to block copolymer thin film deposition. The effect of the self assembled monolayer of random copolymers conventionally used for surface neutralization was deeply investigated. In particular it was observed that different random copolymer thin films influence the window of thicknesses in which perpendicular orientation of the PMMA domains with respect to the underlying substrate occurs, as well as the characteristic dimensions of the final nanoporous polymeric mask. The possibility of combining “bottom up” self assembly of block copolymers with “top down” patterned templates was then explored to register the periodic domains of the self assembled block copolymer film with the underlying topographic structure. E-beam lithography was used to fabricate trenches in the SiO2 substrate before the deposition of the block copolymer thin films. The nanoporous polymeric mask fabricated during the first part of the research activity was then used as soft mask for patterning the underlying substrate in order to create nanoporous SiO2 hard masks as well as for the fabrication of ordered arrays of Silicon nanodots. The hexagonally packed nanopores of the polymeric mask were transferred to the underlying SiO2 by reactive ion etching. The effects of the etching parameters on the final characteristics of the nanoporous oxide were deeply investigated. The nanoporous SiO2 template was then used as a backbone for the fabrication of tunable nanoporous Al2O3 substrates by atomic layer deposition growth of thin films of Al2O3 on the SiO2 template. Progressive reduction of the pore size down to complete pore filling was obtained by properly adjusting the thickness of the Al2O3 film. This activity demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating periodic nanostructures surfaces with tunable dimensions well below the 20 nm limit. Moreover, since a large variety of oxide materials can be grown by atomic layer deposition, the proposed methodology provided a general approach for the synthesis of nanoporous oxide with accurate control of pore dimension, size distribution and pore frequency. Ordered arrays of Si nanocrystals were fabricated using the nanoporous polymeric film as a lithographic mask to control the formation of the nanodots. Two different approaches were pursued leading to different configurations where nanodots are embedded/deposited in/on the dielectric matrix. The first approach was based on ion beam synthesis and consisted in the implantation of Si ions into the nanostructured polymeric film to locally introduce the desired ion supersaturation in a limited nanosized area. After removal of the polymeric film, a thermal annealing led to the formation of nanocrystals at a depth depending on the ion energy. The second approach was the lift-off process that included material deposition by e-beam evaporation onto the nano-structured polymeric film and on the exposed substrate regions followed by the subsequent removal of the polymeric template and material excess by wet or dry etching. These arrays of semiconducting nanodots are suitable for the fabrication of Si nanocrystals non volatile memories or Si nanocrystals nanoemitters.

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Liu, Xiumin. « Mass Spectrometry and Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Polymers and Polymer-Protein Interactions ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1406838246.

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Gao, Yuan. « Characterization of polymers and supramolecular protein-polymer bioconjugates using mass spectrometry ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1619735971168192.

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Staudt, Byron Helmut. « Funktionelle Polymere mittels kontrollierter Polymerisationstechniken : Von der Massenspektrometrie endfunktionalisierter Polymere und den mechanischen Eigenschaften photovernetzbarer Blockcopolymere ». Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E585-F.

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Snyder, Savannah R. « PROBING STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATIONSHIPS OF STIMULI-RESPONSIVE POLYMERS BY MULTI-DIMENSIONAL MASS SPECTROMETRY ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1597353164970207.

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Gerislioglu, Selim. « Microstructure Characterization of Polymers and Polymer-Protein Bioconjugates by Hyphenated Mass Spectrometry ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1534269781343128.

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Jackson, Anthony Trevor. « Tandem mass spectrometry of polymeric materials ». Thesis, University of Warwick, 1995. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/44296/.

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Mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has been employed to analyse peptides (<600 daltons), synthetic polymers of low molecular weight (<10,000 daltons) and a mixture of polymer additives (300-1200 daltons). Mass spectrometry experiments were performed on a four sector mass spectrometer, a tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer and a time-of-flight instrument. High and low energy collision induced dissociation (CID) spectra were obtained by means of a four sector mass spectrometer and a tandem quadrupole instrument respectively. Surface induced dissociation (SID) spectra of peptides were obtained by means of a four sector mass spectrometer with a modified collision cell in the third field free region. Sequence data were generated by SID from protonated and cationated precursor ions of all four peptides analysed. Furthermore, broad metastable ion peaks were observed in the spectra, arising from fragmentation of precursor ions in the field free region between the electric sector and the magnetic sector of the second mass spectrometer. Field desorption was a good ionisation technique for the generation of molecular weight information from the polymer additives used. High energy eID was found to be more applicable than low energy eID to the structural determination of polymer additives as characteristic ions were observed in the spectra. Mechanisms have been proposed for the generation of some of the fragment ions observed. Ultraviolet-matrix assisted laser desorptionlionisation spectra of synthetic polymers of low molecular weight (<10,000 daltons) were used to calculate molecular weight averages. Furthermore, end group information was also obtained from CID spectra of the same polymer samples. End group and structural information was also obtained from polystyrene and a substituted polystyrene by means of FD-MS/MS.

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Thomya, Panthida. « STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPLEX POLYMER SYSTEMS BY DEGRADATION / MASS SPECTROMETRY ». Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1163969934.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Chemistry, 2006.
"December, 2006." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 04/24/2008). Advisor, Chrys Wesdemiotis; Committee members, Matthew P. Espe, Jun Hu, Wiley J. Youngs, Frank W. Harris; Department Chair, Kim C. Calvo; Dean of the College, Ronald F. Levant; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.

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Alexander, Nicolas Edward. « Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry of Amphiphilic Systems ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1532773038466757.

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Katzenmeyer, Bryan C. « Interfacing Liquid Chromatography or Ion Mobility Separation with Mult-Dimensional Mass Spectrometry for the Structural Characterization of Polymeric Materials ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1367252830.

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Livres sur le sujet "Polymeric mask"

Giorgio, Montaudo, et Lattimer Robert, dir. Mass spectrometry of polymers. Boca Raton, Fla : CRC Press, 2002.

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Barner-Kowollik, Christopher, Till Gruendling, Jana Falkenhagen et Steffen Weidner, dir. Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry. Weinheim, Germany : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527641826.

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Levit͡skiĭ, S. P. Bubbles in polymeric liquids : Dynamics and heat-mass transfer. Lancaster : Technomic Pub., 1995.

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Hakkarainen, Minna, dir. Mass Spectrometry of Polymers – New Techniques. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28041-2.

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Mass spectrometry of polymers : New techniques. Berlin : Springer, 2012.

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Pasch, Harald, et Wolfgang Schrepp. MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry of Synthetic Polymers. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05046-0.

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Pasch, Harald. MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry of Synthetic Polymers. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003.

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Liang, Li, dir. MALDI mass spectrometry for synthetic polymers analysis. Hoboken : Wiley, 2010.

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Li, Liang, dir. Maldi Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis. Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470567234.

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Tayler, Paul John. Pyrolysis-mass spectrometry studies of some synthetic polymers. Salford : University of Salford, 1989.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Polymeric mask"

Montaudo, Maurizio S. « Polymers ». Dans Mass Spectrometry, 299–307. Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470395813.ch15.

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Montaudo, Maurizio S., et Salvatore Battiato. « Polymers ». Dans Mass Spectrometry Handbook, 1079–105. Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118180730.ch45.

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Gooch, Jan W. « Mask ». Dans Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 446. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_7202.

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Aminlashgari, Nina, et Minna Hakkarainen. « Emerging Mass Spectrometric Tools for Analysis of Polymers and Polymer Additives ». Dans Mass Spectrometry of Polymers – New Techniques, 1–37. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2011_152.

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Rizzarelli, Paola, Sabrina Carroccio et Concetto Puglisi. « Polymer Degradation ». Dans Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry, 437–65. Weinheim, Germany : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527641826.ch13.

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Gooch, Jan W. « Mass ». Dans Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 446. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_7208.

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Gooch, Jan W. « Mash ». Dans Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 906. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_14179.

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Wang, Xiaogong. « Photoinduced Mass Transport ». Dans Azo Polymers, 151–95. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53424-3_5.

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Hacaloglu, Jale, et Talat Yalcin. « Mass Spectroscopy in Polymer Research ». Dans Mass Spectrometry Handbook, 1107–33. Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118180730.ch46.

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Enjalbal, Christine, Frederic Lamaty, Jean Martinez et Jean-Louis Aubagnac. « Mass Spectrometry and Soluble Polymeric Support ». Dans Analysis and Purification Methods in Combinatorial Chemistry, 125–35. Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471531979.ch6.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Polymeric mask"

Ganesan, Ramakrishnan, Seul Ki Youn, Jei-Moon Yun et Jin-Baek Kim. « Top surface imaging study by selective chemisorptions of poly(dimethyl siloxane) on diazoketo-functionalized polymeric surface ». Dans 24th European Mask and Lithography Conference. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.798785.

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Zyung, Taehyoung, Wol-Yon Hwang, Jang-Joo Kim et Sang-Don Jung. « Effective Reduction of Photobleaching Time of Nonlinear Optical Polymer for Fabrication of Waveguide in Thin Film ». Dans Organic Thin Films for Photonic Applications. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1993.wd.14.

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Various techniques have been used for the fabrication of polymeric channel waveguide for active and passive devices: poling, photobleaching, photolocking, reactive ion etching, etc. Among them, photobleaching offers simple processibility and controllability. Some authors[1,2] have reported on the fabrication of channel waveguides by this tehnique. However, it takes long time, typically on the order of tens to hundreds hours, to bleach out a nonlinear optical polymer (NLO) thin film with the thickness of a few µm using mask aligner.

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Koszewski, Adam, Freimut Reuther et Zygmunt Rymuza. « Temperature Dependent Nanotribological Behavior of Ultrathin Thermoplastic Polymeric Resist Films Studied by Use of AFM ». Dans ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44138.

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Nanoimprint Lithography (NIL) is emerging novel high resolution fabrication technique. In principle it is a hot embossing of a polymer resist used as a mask in further process steps. Currently, a much effort is ongoing on optimizing the properties of the polymer resists by chemical modifications. To assess the influence of them on the polymer properties it was required to develop a methodology for testing these materials in terms of their use in the NIL process. It turned out that the temperature dependent tribological properties of them are especially useful. In this study an atomic force microscope (AFM) with a modified silicon spherical-tip cantilever was used to test the temperature dependent nanotribological properties of mr-I 7000E amorphous thermoplastic polymer resist devoted to NIL. The methodology, the equipment used in these studies as well as the results of the estimation of lateral forces versus temperature will be presented and discussed.

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Lee, Wen-Hao, D. S. Liang, W. P. Wang et C. S. Hsiao. « Thermal Degradation and Mass Transport of Underfill Material ». Dans ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2007-33057.

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In order to enhance the reliability of flip chip packages, the initiation and propagation of various interfacial failures and robust interfacial bonds between the underfill and the other components are highly desired. The water molecules inside the plastic material were chemically bonded with polymers by hydrogen bonds in the microholes formed by the polymer molecule chains. The bonding of water molecules and polymers reduced the adhesion strength at the interface between epoxy material and die. In this study, the interfacial bond strengths of commercial underfills with silicon nitride passivation are measured using bottom shear test. The thermal degradation of epoxy-based underfill material has been studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results show that adhesion strength is correlated with TGA weight loss curve. Besides, epoxy is sensitive to moisture at high temperature storage. Moisture diffusion characterization at high temperatures in polymeric packaging materials is important since moisture absorption of polymeric packaging materials plays a determining role in “popcorn cracking” of IC packages during the solder reflow process especially for lead-free solder reflow profile. The moisture absorption was measured by using mass transport and diffusion theory.

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Boutaous, M’hamed, Amir Msakni, Claire Barres et Jean-Yves Charmeau. « Numerical Simulation of Polymers Powder Sintering Using Infrared Heating ». Dans ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89900.

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Three-dimensional parts are produced by selectively sintering or melting a thin layer of plastic powder, one layer on top of the other one, by exposure with IR-light through a digitally printed optical mask. The process thus transfers 2D images into 3D parts by melting each layer in a single exposure. This makes the SMS process significantly faster and more cost-effective than traditional laser sintering, which sinters each layer in a point-by-point fashion. The speed of the SMS process makes it suitable for use throughout the entire product life cycle for plastic parts; from the first prototypes, through production of parts, and finally to “Spare parts on demand.” It is easily revealed that replacing the laser by the infrared as a heat source increases greatly the productivity. However, there is still research work to be done in the purpose of optimizing the process and better understand the thermal and physicochemical changes undergone in the powdered polymeric material. In this paper, a coupling between a 1D thermal model and a crystallization model will be done to predict the thermal behavior of the polymer during the sintering by infrared flashing in rapid prototyping process. After that, the model will be tested and confronted to the experimentally results using a new lab-scale IR-sintering machine which was constructed in this purpose.

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Che, H., P. Vo et S. Yue. « Metallization of Various Polymers by Cold Spray ». Dans ITSC2017, sous la direction de A. Agarwal, G. Bolelli, A. Concustell, Y. C. Lau, A. McDonald, F. L. Toma, E. Turunen et C. A. Widener. DVS Media GmbH, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2017p0098.

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Abstract Previous results at McGill University have shown that metallic coatings can be successfully cold sprayed onto polymeric substrates. This paper studies the cold sprayability of various metal powders on different polymeric substrates. Five different substrates were used, including carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylenimine (PEI); mild steel was also used as a bench mark substrate. The CFRP used in this work has a thermosetting matrix, and the ABS, PEEK, and PEI are all thermoplastic polymers, with different glass transition temperatures as well as a number of distinct mechanical properties. Three metal powders, tin, copper and iron, were cold sprayed with both a low-pressure system and a high-pressure system at various conditions. In general, cold spray on the thermoplastic polymers rendered more positive results than the thermosetting polymers, due to the local thermal softening mechanism in the thermoplastics. Thick copper coatings were successfully deposited on PEEK and PEI.

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Knoche, Th, L. Müller, R. Klein et A. Neyer. « Low loss passive polymer waveguides at 1300 and 1550 nm ». Dans The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1994.cwe4.

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For the fabrication of low cost optical waveguides with low transmission loss polymeric materials and mass fabrication techniques are very promising. A further advantage of using polymers in combination with replication techniques is that waveguides together with structures for the passive alignment of fibres and possibly microoptic and optoelectronic components can be fabricated. With new waveguide polymer systems, low-loss buried integrated optical waveguides at 1300 and 1550 nm have been realized.

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Baah, David, Julaunica Tigner, Bernard Britton et Tamara Floyd-Smith. « Microfluidics for Controlled Production of Thin Films and Particles ». Dans ASME 2012 Third International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2012-75108.

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Tailored materials with nano to micron dimensions are becoming increasingly important for niche applications in optics, personnel protection and biomedicine. Microfluidics is a robust platform for producing these tailored materials because of the spatial control that can be realized in microfluidic systems due to laminar flow profiles and small dimensions. For this work, a pre-polymer solution, consisting of water, polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) and a photo-initiator, flows through a microfluidic channel. For the general scheme, the pre-polymer is exposed to UV light in the microfluidic channel to crosslink the polymer. Depending on the application, the model pre-polymer, PEGDA, may need to be substituted with a different photo-polymerizable pre-polymer to address issues such as chemical compatibility and moisture stability prior to commercialization. Nonetheless, proof-of-concept is demonstrated using PEGDA with results that are transferrable to other photo-polymerizable pre-polymers. For this work, two distinct applications will be presented. In one application, the pre-polymer has a graded profile of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles modify the refractive index of the heterogeneous material and allow light to be directed through the material according to Snell’s Law. When the pre-polymer solution is polymerized, a thin film with a controlled refractive index profile is produced with potential for waveguiding applications. In a second application, the light is masked during UV exposure to produce particles instead of thin films. The particles can be of any two-dimensional extruded shape. If the pre-polymer solution is loaded with ceramic nanoparticles and sintered, ceramic particles that retain the shape of the original composite particle are produced. To date, numerous particle cross sections of polymeric particles and limited ceramic particles have been demonstrated with applications in liquid body armor, abrasives and drug delivery.

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Yao, Donggang, Allen Y. Yi, Lei Li et Pratapkumar Nagarajan. « Two-Station Embossing Process for Rapid Fabrication of Polymer Microstructures ». Dans ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80482.

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The hot embossing technique is becoming an increasingly important alternative to silicon-and glass-based microfabrication technologies. The advantage of hot embossing can be mainly attributed to the versatile properties and mass production capability of polymeric materials. However, because of the use of a large mass in thermal cycling, hot embossing is subject to substantially longer cycle times than those in traditional thermoplastic molding processes.1 The longer dwell time at elevated temperatures could further result in degradation of the embossing polymer, especially for thermally sensitive polymers. The problem exacerbates when thick polymer substrates are used. To address this problem, rapid thermal cycling of the tool is needed. One method for rapid thermal cycling is to employ a low-thermal-mass multilayer mold with electrical heating elements installed right beneath the mold surface.2 This method, however, is complex in nature and may be prone to problems caused by mismatching of thermal and mechanical properties between different layers.

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Dyer, P. E., R. J. Farley et R. Giedl. « Fabrication of sub-micron period gratings using an excimer laser irradiated phase mask ». Dans The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1994.cthi28.

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Irradiation of materials in close proximity to phase masks is currently of interest for fabricating micron-scale Bragg gratings in optical fibres and on planar optoelectronic components. Photo-sensitive silica fibres have been irradiated through a phase mask with a KrF excimer laser to form gratings by single and multiple pulses. We have recently used a silica phase mask with a suppressed zero order (<5%) and a period d = 533 nm to form sub-micron gratings on KrF excimer laser ablated polymers.3 Polymer films (Polyethylene Terephthalate and Polyimide) positioned within 300 µm of the mask were exposed at an average fluence of 25 mJ/cm2 for 1-5 pulses to form high- aspect ratio grating structures. Scanning electron microscope examination revealed two dominant microstructures having periods of 533 nm (Fig. 1) and 266 nm on the exposed surface.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Polymeric mask"

Ruelas, Samantha. Methanotroph Immobilization in Polymeric Bioreactors to Increase Mass Transfer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1476187.

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Shear, Trevor Allan. Polymer and Additive Mass Spectrometry Literature Review. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), juin 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1363730.

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Cook, Kelsey D. Polymer Characterization by Electrohydrodynamic Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, août 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada212130.

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Hanley, L. Mass spectral study of organic sulfur in the polymeric matrix of coal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6011742.

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Martin, Charles R., et Leon S. Van Dyke. Mass and Charge Transport in Electronically Conductive Polymers. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, août 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada225305.

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Beers, Kathryn, Kelsea Schumacher, Kalman Migler, KC Morris et Joshua Kneifel. An Assessment of Mass Balance Accounting Methods for Polymers Workshop Report. National Institute of Standards and Technology, février 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.1500-206.

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Chu, Deryn, et Rongzhong Jiang. Simulation of Mass Transfer Process for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Stack. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, février 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada375286.

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Hanley, L. Mass spectral study of organic sulfur in the polymeric matrix of coal. Technical report, September 1--November 30, 1991. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), décembre 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10122980.

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Guttman, Charles M., Kathleen M. Flynn, William E. Wallace et Anthony J. Kearsley. A report on the certification of an absolute molecular mass distribution polymer standard :. Gaithersburg, MD : National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7512.

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Durairaj, B., A. W. Dimock, E. T. Samulski et M. T. Shaw. Investigation of the Thermal Degradation of Alkyl isocyanate Polymers by Direct Pyrolysis Mass Spectroscopy. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, septembre 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada199079.

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