Articles de revues : « Pollutant waste »

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Nguyen Minh, Hai, et Vinh Vu Duy. « Simulation of impact of organic and nutrient pollutants from Nghi Son economic zone on Thanh Hoa coastal waters, North Centre Vietnam ». Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Biển 21, n^o 1 (31 mars 2021) : 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/15091.

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Nghi Son is an economic zone oriented to developing heavy industry and petrochemicals and has potential to become the most substantial economic zone in the North Central region. The zone is also one of the potential waste sources polluting Thanh Hoa coastal waters. Numeric modeling using Delft3D software package with different scenarios: Current status scenario, controlled discharge scenario, and incident scenario was developed to simulate states of some pollutants of organics and nutrients from the zone to Thanh Hoa coastal waters in different periods. The simulation results show that under controlled discharge (increasing pollutant concentration with the control of waste discharge), the concentration of pollutants was increasing and high around discharging points. In contrast, in incident case from the zone, pollutant concentrations increase markedly both in the magnitude and in the impact range to surrounding areas. When an accident happens, the influence scale will be expanded significantly, especially in the rainy season.

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Tafti, Mojtaba Dehqani, Faramarz Doulati Ardejani, Mohammad Fatehi Marji et Yousef Shiri. « Simulation of groundwater contamination by leakage from waste-filled mine ». Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 36, n^o 5 (2021) : 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2021.5.5.

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Mining wastes are a great source of pollutants. Open-pit backfill materials can be found as waste rock and as tailings. The aim of the current study was the investigation of the contaminant transportation pathways by groundwater flow from these waste materials through heterogeneous porous media. Numerical Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) was used for examining the effects of different factors on pollutant transportation through groundwater beneath the waste materials. Grain size, vertical and horizontal fracturing, and hydraulic pressure gradient were factors considered here. The results showed that contaminant transportation by the groundwater flow from the waste materials through porous media depends on primary and secondary matrix porosity of the open-pit material, heterogeneity in permeability of aquifer rock, and hydraulic head of groundwater.

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Sartika, Nurdwi, Monik Kasman et Anggrika Riyanti. « Analisis Penurunan Parameter Limbah Cair Laundry Menggunakan Rotating Biological Contactor (Rbc) ». Jurnal Daur Lingkungan 2, n^o 2 (10 août 2019) : 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/daurling.v2i2.30.

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Laundry waste water is a part of domestic liquid waste and its classified as grey water. Liquid waste from laundry business containing pollutants such as BOD, COD, TSS, Total Phosphate, and Methylene Blue Active Substance (MBAS) that can give negative impact to the environment if it is not treated first. The purpose in this study was to analyze the influence of detention time to eficiency of decreasing pollutant concentration by using Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) methods. The RBC used the palm fiber as the media. Variation of detention time in this study was 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 days. Linear regression was used to analysed the effect of detention time to pollutant concentration decreased. The result showed that the elimination efficiency of BOD, COD, TSS, Total phosphate and MBAS was 88%, 87%, 87%, 88% and 96%. The regression analysis results showed that there was a significant relationship between detention time and efficiency of decreasing pollutant parameters concentration (BOD, COD, TSS, Total Phosphates) of laundry waste by using RBC, but has no significant relationship in MBAS parameter.

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Deng, Li Fang, Hao Ran Yuan, Hong Yu Huang et Yong Chen. « Municipal Solid Waste Leachate Treatment Using Microbial Fuel Cell ». Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (décembre 2012) : 2361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2361.

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Leachate is a high concentration organic wastewater, and microbial fuel cell (MFC) is capable of decomposing and treating organic pollutants directly. Single-chamber MFC using landfill leachate as anolyte was built to get rid of BOD and ammonia-nitrogen organic pollutant in leachate. The use of MFC led to the treatment of the biodegradable organic pollutant of municipal solid waste leachate and the production of electricity. The biofilm was detected on the MFC anode carbon felt, the voltage and power output were achieved 292.7± 5 mV and 2375.1mW.m-2. The suitable running time was about 10 days, when the BOD and ammonia-nitrogen removal efficiencies were achieved about 93.0% and 84.1 %, respectively.

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BONDAREV, Andreea, et Catalina-Gabriela GHEORGHE. « The Use of Lignin for Environmental Protection : An Overview of Recent Literature ». Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science 45, n^o 1 (15 mars 2022) : 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.1.01.

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Reducing environmental pollution is a particularly important issue, intensively studied nationally and internationally, as evidenced by the large number of scientific papers published on this topic. Literature studies show that reducing environmental pollution means not only reducing the amount of air / water / soil pollutants but also finding ways to recover waste from industrial activities that will reduce the problems of environmental pollution due to their storage.The materials resulting from the gasification processes of cellulose waste, as well as the materials obtained with the help of cellulose extracted from cellulose waste, were tested in the adsorption processes of some polluting species and the results demonstrated the efficiency of these materials for reducing the environmental pollution. The use of lignin as an adsorbent for the removal of pollutants (organic dyes or metal ions) from industrial wastewater can be considered a viable alternative, which can be a solution to both the problem of lignin recovery and the reduction of pollutant content in industrial wastewater.

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Sołowski, Gaweł, Marwa Shalaby et Fethi Ahmet Özdemir. « Plastic and Waste Tire Pyrolysis Focused on Hydrogen Production—A Review ». Hydrogen 3, n^o 4 (6 décembre 2022) : 531–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen3040034.

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In this review, we compare hydrogen production from waste by pyrolysis and bioprocesses. In contrast, the pyrolysis feed was limited to plastic and tire waste unlikely to be utilized by biological decomposition methods. Recent risks of pyrolysis, such as pollutant emissions during the heat decomposition of polymers, and high energy demands were described and compared to thresholds of bioprocesses such as dark fermentation. Many pyrolysis reactors have been adapted for plastic pyrolysis after successful investigation experiences involving waste tires. Pyrolysis can transform these wastes into other petroleum products for reuse or for energy carriers, such as hydrogen. Plastic and tire pyrolysis is part of an alternative synthesis method for smart polymers, including semi-conductive polymers. Pyrolysis is less expensive than gasification and requires a lower energy demand, with lower emissions of hazardous pollutants. Short-time utilization of these wastes, without the emission of metals into the environment, can be solved using pyrolysis. Plastic wastes after pyrolysis produce up to 20 times more hydrogen than dark fermentation from 1 kg of waste. The research summarizes recent achievements in plastic and tire waste pyrolysis development.

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Henze, M. « Waste design for households with respect to water, organics and nutrients ». Water Science and Technology 35, n^o 9 (1 mai 1997) : 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0335.

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Waste design couples handling and treatment of waste with the production and control of waste materials. This integrated approach will allow for a reduced use of non renewable resources in waste treatment. The paper discusses the use of waste design for households and its impact on the composition of household wastewater. This will allow for the design of a wastewater with characteristics quite different from those normally found. The separation of toilet wastes or just urine can reduce the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater to a level where no further nutrient removal is needed. The BOD and COD load to wastewater can be significantly reduced by separating toilet wastes and part of the kitchen wastes. The phosphate content of detergents influences the phosphorus load significantly. Kitchen wastes can be diverted to the solid waste system or the compostable fraction of solid wastes can be incorporated into the wastewater by use of garbage grinders. The change in pollutant load can be achieved separately or in combination with water savings. It is thus possible to reduce or increase the overall concentration of pollutants, and to design wastewater with a given COD/TN or COD/TP ratio, which is of significant influence on biological nutrient removal processes.

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Sutrisno, E., B. S. Ramadan, H. S. Huboyo, N. Ikhlas et A. Karmilia. « Estimating backyard waste burning emission : A case study of Tembalang Campus, Diponegoro University ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 894, n^o 1 (1 novembre 2021) : 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/894/1/012038.

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Abstract This study analyzes the distribution and amount of CO, CO2, HC, and NOx gas emissions resulting from the open burning of backyard waste in Diponegoro University. The burned waste sample is taken from surrounding environment of Diponegoro University (Tembalang Campus) by taking 4 random samples (3 kg each). Emissions from CO, CO2, HC, and NOx gases were obtained from the 24 minutes combustion test. Furthermore, the gaseous pollutant emitted is measured using a gas analyzer. The burned waste comprised 73.77% of organic waste, 17.45% of plastic; 4.33% of paper; and 4.45% of other waste. The emission test results show that the highest CO, CO2, HC, and NOx emissions have occurred at 14, 20, 18, and 18 minutes, respectively. The combustion test reveals that an enormous amount of CO, CO2, HC, and NOx gas is emitted during uncontrolled waste burning. Because backyard wastes burning produce significant gaseous pollutants, several efforts are needed to reduce this practice.

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Marstijepovic, Nada, Sead Cvrk, Radmila Gagic, Ivan Filipovic et Danilo Nikolic. « Application of biodiesel derived from olive oil production wastes at marine diesel engine and evaluation of gasseous emission trends ». Thermal Science, n^o 00 (2022) : 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci220707218m.

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As a carbon neutral fuel, biodiesel is one option in future IMO scenarios for reducing carbon intensity in shipping sector, and at same time reducing emission of pollutants. Some oily wastes, such as waste from olive oil production, might be used for production of second-generation biodiesel. The current study looks into the effect of biodiesel on the characteristics of gaseous pollutant emissions of NOx and CO from slow-speed two-stroke marine diesel engines that do not have any after-treatment devices or engine control technology installed to reduce gaseous pollutant emissions. While the ship was berthed in the harbor, tests were performed on two separate loads at 210 rpm. The engine was powered by diesel fuel and blends of 7%, 20%, and 25% v/v of biodiesel derived from oily wastes generated during olive oil processing. For biodiesel production in lab conditions, base-catalyzed transesterification was implemented. According to the findings, there are tendencies of reduced gaseous emissions when utilizing blended fuels.

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Yunusa, A., N. Abdulrahman et C. Anumiri. « Application of Receptor Models on Surface Water Quality and Source Apportionment ». BADEGGI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND ENVIRONMENT 4, n^o 2 (5 août 2022) : 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35849/bjare202202005/59.

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Surface water plays an important role in carrying off different water wastes thereby affecting water quality used for different purposes. The Receptor Model (RM) development as a technique in the management of River water was used in this study, in identifying, separating and quantifying the major sources of water wastes flowing into River Musa, Bida, Nigeria. Twelve water variables were used in Principal Component Analysis. The generated variables of loaded components were used as independent variables and the Water Quality Index (WQI) as the dependent variable to estimate the quantity of identified pollutants sources using the Multiple Linear Regression Model (MLR). According to Canadian Council Ministers of Environments Water Quality Index (CCME WQI), the results determined for the five sample stations (Edokota location, Musa bridge location, Bida/Minna location, Ciriko location and Army Barrack location) were 74.4, 72.8, 64.6, 47.6, and 51.6 respectively. Among the five locations, three were investigated to be marginal and the remaining two were fair in rank. The principal component analysis (PCA) was adopted to separate the identified three major waste sources flowing into the river to be agricultural, municipal and industrial wastes. Pollutant levels were determined to be 0.936, 0.457 and 0.104 using RM at a high value of R2 (0.911). Agricultural waste was predicted to be the strongest pollutant contributor in the model, followed by municipal and the least contributor is industrial waste. It is strongly recommended that periodic monitoring and evaluation of the river water quality is carried out within the study area using the receptor model

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Judith, Jacob Vinitha, et Namasivayam Vasudevan. « Synthesis of nanomaterial from industrial waste and its application in environmental pollutant remediation ». Environmental Engineering Research 27, n^o 2 (5 mars 2021) : 200672–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2020.672.

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Increased productions of waste from industries have persuaded in sustainable and naturally stable methods to reuse the waste. Utilization of wastes for the synthesis of nanomaterial is of significant importance due to its extensive variety of uses in various industrial sectors. This review focuses on potential options available for nanomaterial synthesis from waste produced by industrial activities and manufacturing processes. Possible application of industrial waste derived nanomaterial for the expulsion of organic and inorganic contaminants is discussed. Furthermore, the future opportunities and challenges in this emerging research area of converting industrial waste to nanomaterials are addressed.

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Tabernacka, Agnieszka. « Biofiltration of Waste Gas Containing Cyclohexanol, Cyclohexanone and Butanol ». Atmosphere 14, n^o 2 (28 janvier 2023) : 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020254.

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The aim of the study was to determine the efficiency of a biofilter treating waste gas containing a mixture of cyclohexanol (CHXOH), cyclohexanone (CHXO) and butanol (BL) and to assess the impact of the process parameters on the microorganisms and their enzymatic activities. The biofilter was packed with compost made from green waste mixed with compost made from municipal wastes and polyethylene carriers with immobilized biomass of bacteria. A linear correlation between pollutant loading rate and biofilter elimination capacity was obtained. At a hydraulic load of the biofilter bed of 127.3 m3/(m3 × h), the average elimination capacities were 14.6 g CHXOH/(m3 × h), 3.6 g CHXO/(m3 × h) and 3.8 g BL/(m3 × h). The microbiological and enzymatic analyses of the biofilter bed indicated that high loading rates of pollutants can have significant effects on microbial growth and enzymatic activity.

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Załuska, Monika, et Katarzyna Gładyszewska-Fiedoruk. « Regression Linear Model of Air Pollution Emission on the Example of a Waste Incineration Plant ». Proceedings 51, n^o 1 (10 octobre 2020) : 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020051032.

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The level of environmental quality is the result of many factors, and the most important of these is human activity. A responsible approach to the environment is looking for methods to eliminate pollution from the environment. Waste incineration is a way to rationally manage and process waste, minimize emissions of air pollutants and ecologically produce heat and electricity. The purpose of this article is to build and analyze a regression model describing the relationship of pollutant emissions to air from waste incineration plants depending on various factors.

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Zhu, Henghua, Jianwei Zhou, Chao Jia, Sheng Yang, Jing Wu, Lizhi Yang, Zhengrun Wei, Hongwei Liu et Zhizheng Liu. « Control Effects of Hydraulic Interception Wells on Groundwater Pollutant Transport in the Dawu Water Source Area ». Water 11, n^o 8 (11 août 2019) : 1663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11081663.

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Based on the comprehensive analysis of hydrogeological data of the Dawu water source in Zibo city, the Modflow module in Groundwater Modeling System is used to carry out three-dimensional geological modeling of the Dawu water source, and the flow field model and solute transport model of the Dawu water source are established. Aiming at the problem of groundwater pollution in the key polluted area of the Hougao region—the Dawu water source—the pollutant transport model is established to explore the process of pollution transport. There are many types of groundwater pollutants in the Hougao area. Among them, ammonia nitrogen, chloride, petroleum, and benzene exceed the standard most seriously. In order to facilitate the research, we selected typical pollutants for in-depth study. The ammonia nitrogen is used as the control index of domestic and industrial waste water in the policy documents of pollution emission. It can show the specific situation of industrial waste water and domestic waste water pollution changing with time. Thus, the ammonia nitrogen with a higher exceeding standard is selected as the pollution factor in this simulation. Pollutant transport under the conditions of strong pumping and stop pumping is simulated. It is found that the pollutant is effectively controlled due to the pumping and discharging effects under the action of strong pumping, from 4 to 5 times exceeding the standard to slightly exceeding the standard. However, there is still a trend of migration to the eastern water supply area. After the pumping is stopped, the pollutant quickly migrates to the Xixia centralized water supply area, causing serious pollution to the water supply area. Finally, four other hydraulic interception wells are set up in the 500 m east of Hougao’s four wells to further control the pollutant transport. When hydraulic interception wells and strong pumping wells are used together, the scope of ammonia nitrogen pollution is basically controlled near the interception wells, and it does not continue to spread to the eastern water supply area. The maximum monitoring value of pollution is 0.11 mg/L, which is controlled within the standard limit of three types of groundwater, and the pollutant control effect is the best, providing certain reference for similar pollution control work.

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Chang, Andrew C., Albert L. Page, Takashi Asano et Ivanildo Hespanhol. « Developing human health-related chemical guidelines for reclaimed wastewater irrigation ». Water Science and Technology 33, n^o 10-11 (1 mai 1996) : 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0704.

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We examined the methodology of developing globally applicable human health-related chemical guidelines of using wastewater for crop irrigation. Two approaches may be used to develop pollutant loading guidelines: (a) preventing pollutant accumulation in waste receiving soil and (b) maximizing soil's capacity to assimilate, attenuate, and detoxify harmful chemicals. Pollutant loading rates based on the first approach are in agreement with the fundamental principle of maintaining ecological balances in soil. But numerical limits usually are very stringent and it is difficult for communities to meet these requirements. Recommendations derived with the second approach represent the maximum permissible loadings beyond which pollutant levels in the soil may be harmful to the exposed population. A method employing the second approach was evaluated. Preliminary pollutant loading limits for land application of wastewater are derived by considering the food chain transfer of pollutants via intake of grain, vegetable, root/tuber, and fruit grown on wastewater-affected soils.

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Boy, Syafri, Aras Mulyadi et Sukendi Sukendi. « Efektivitas pengolahan limbah cair hotel dan implementasi keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup nomor 52/menlh/10/1995 tentang baku mutu limbah cair bagi kegiatan hotel di Kota Pekanbaru ». Jurnal Zona 1, n^o 1 (26 avril 2017) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.52364/jz.v1i1.1.

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This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the treatment of waste water hotel and see Implemantation Decree of the Minister of Environment No.52/MENLH/10/1995 concerning the Waste water Quality Hotel by five-star hotel in the city of Pekanbaru. The method used in this research is the survey and interview. Based on the analysis we found that the rate of decrease in the content of pollutants in the waste water hotel in reducing the content of pollutants in the waste water for parameters BOD, COD, TSS and pH respectively 72%, 75%, 25% and 16%. IPL Cability levels in the lower levels of waste water sample parameters for the parameters BOD, COD, TSS and pH respectively 60.0%, 30.0%, 50.0% and 87.5%. IPLC analysis results in Pekanbaru compared with the Waste water Quality Standard Hotel, pollutant levels are still above the environmental quality standards.

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Handayani, Novarina Irnaning, Nanik Indah Setianingsih et Misbachul Moenir. « Performance Of Immobilized-Selected Microorganisms In The Biodegradation Of Textile Industry Waste Water ». Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri 9, n^o 1 (24 mai 2018) : 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21771/jrtppi.2018.v9.no1.p29-37.

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Waste water from textile industry contain pollutant whit in certain concentration. To protect the environment and water bodies, wastewater containing pollutant must be treated before discharging into the environment. Anaerobic biological treatment has been used as a method in treating textile industry waste water. Several factors of conventional anaerobic treatment needs to be repaired in order to improve the performance of treating wastewater. A selected microorganisms as inoculum was expected to increase effectivity of waste water biodegradation. In this study a selected microorganisms was used as inoculum in the form of immobilized and free cells in anaerobic treatment of waste water from textile industry and compared with conventional sludge. Results from this study show that selected-immobilized microorganisms achieved the best performance due to its stability and efficiency in removing pollutant in the waste water. Mean while microorganisms in the form of free cells got the lowest performance in treating waste water, estimated due to its sensitivity of environmental conditions and having low mechanical strength of biomass.Immobilized cells succesfully treated waste water from textile industry, removal of pollutant in suspended solid parameter reached on 93,78% mean while, in oil grease, BOD5 and COD parameter reached on 99,13%, 81,54% and 64,94% respectively. Pollutant in amonia parameter has not been fully treated in this experiment due to condition of the experiment system was anaerobic instead of aerobic.

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Pershing, David W. « Pollutant formation and control/hazardous waste incineration ». Energy & ; Fuels 7, n^o 6 (novembre 1993) : 782–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef00042a013.

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Sun, Qing, et Jian Gao Deng. « Study on the Economic Growth and Industrial Waste Water Based on the VAR Model ». Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (décembre 2013) : 1810–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1810.

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Based on the VAR model, the long term dynamic relation between economic growth and industrial waste water is analyzed by using co-integration analysis and granger causality test, generalized impulse response function and variance decomposition method in Nanjing, and the related data of industrial waste and GDP indices from 1982 to 2011. The empirical results show that between economic growth and industrial waste water pollutant discharge has a two-way mechanism, but industrial waste water pollutants on the reaction mechanism of economic growth is weak, and there is a certain lag. This conclusion can provide a great reference value for promoting sustainable economic development and formulating relevant environmental policy for Nanjing.

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Vaigunthan, Thavarajah, et B. G. N. Sewwandi. « Mapping of Environmental Pollution Risk Induced by Open Dumping Practice of Municipal Solid Waste in Karadiyana of Sri Lanka Using Geographic Information System ». International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 9, n^o 1 (11 février 2022) : 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijrasb.9.1.15.

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Quantification of environmental pollution risk (EPR) induced by open dumping practice of municipal solid waste (MSW) is important to improve MSW management practices and to provide effective countermeasures for mitigating EPR at the MSW open dumping site. This study targeted an open dumping site at Karadiyana, Western province of Sri Lanka and aimed to assess EPR by using geographical and hydrological information, water (landfill leachate and surface water) and soil quality monitoring for samples collected at the pollutant source (i.e., MSW dumping site) and its surrounding with monthly interval from June to December 2019 to cover both wet and dry periods. The maps of EPR induced by the pollutant source were visualized by analysing measured physicochemical parameters including heavy metals incorporating with interpolation and weighted overlay techniques of geographic information system (GIS). Results showed that the EPR mapharacterized well spatial distribution and seasonal variation of pollutants from the source. Especially, it was found that the pollutants flowed towards the Northwest and North from the pollutant source at the investigated site. It was also found that higher concentrations of phosphorous and heavy metals were observed from landfill leachate samples in dry season than those in wet season. The findings in this study raise the mapping of EPR would contribute to take actions for establishing environmental sound waste disposal and to promote sustainable MSW management practice in Sri Lanka.

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Akash, Muhammad Sajid Hamid, Kanwal Rehman, Shakila Sabir, Javeria Gul et Iqbal Hussain. « Review Potential Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Waste : Critical Review and Analysis ». Pakistan Journal of Scientific & ; Industrial Research Series A : Physical Sciences 63, n^o 3 (11 novembre 2020) : 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.phys.sci.63.3.2020.209.219.

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Nowadays, pharmaceutical waste has been considered as an environmental micro pollutant due to its unavoidable occurrence in the ecosystem and has become a major health issue. Pharmaceutical products are formulated to therapeutically influence the physiological systems, however, their potential health concerns which contribute in increasing environmental pollution like other most potential environmental pollutants still needs to be taken under consideration by the healthcare professionals and environmental experts. So, the contamination of treated wastewater by pharmaceutical waste and outcome of these compounds in the agricultural environment are of increasing concern and potential risk for the ecosystem. With increasing utilization of treated wastewater and biosolids in agriculture, residues of pharmaceutical and personal care products in these reused resources may contaminate the food produced via plant uptake, constituting a route for human exposure. In this article, the occurrence and behavior of pharmaceuticals waste have been briefly reviewed. Moreover, major concerns associated with exposure of biological systems of both plant and animal origin to the pharmaceutical wastes contaminating the ecosystem have also been discussed here which concluded that standard procedures and protocols should be followed to dispose of the leftovers of pharmaceuticals and/or pharmaceutical wastes.

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Ujianti, Rizky Muliani Dwi, Sutrisno Anggoro, Azis Nur Bambang et Frida Purwanti. « Water Quality and The Heavy Metal Occurence of Fish in Polluted Watershed ». Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress 15, n^o 1 (30 mai 2018) : 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ifnp.29679.

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The clean river is very important for human life and river’s biota. However, many rivers are polluted from both domestic and industrial waste today. Domestic waste comes from households and industrial wastes from nearby industrial activities. One of the biotas of the river is the fish. The objective of the research was to evaluate pollutant and pollutant index in the watershed and the present of Pb in fish in the watershed. The location of this research was a long Garang watershed Semarang, namely from upstream to downstream of the river. The sampling area was divided into 7 segments based on Central Java Governor Regulation No. 156/2010 based on water designation. The studied parameters in this research were heavy metal in fish and water quality. The studied fish was Nila fish (Oreochromis sp.). Results show that Cu was the main pollutant in water river class 1, 2, 3 and 4. DO exceed the limit parameter in water river class 3 and 4. Finally, the highest heavy metals found in fish were found in Pb, while the water pollution index was due to exceeding Cu, all of which came from industrial waste.

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Hasanzadeh, Rezgar, Parisa Mojaver, Shahram Khalilarya, Taher Azdast, Ata Chitsaz et Mehran Mojaver. « Polyurethane Foam Waste Upcycling into an Efficient and Low Pollutant Gasification Syngas ». Polymers 14, n^o 22 (15 novembre 2022) : 4938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14224938.

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Waste treatment has attracted much attention and, in this regard, gasification processes offer an efficient thermochemical technique that can produce a syngas rich in hydrogen. This technique has been well developed for solid waste and biomass while investigations on gasification of polymeric foam are rare. Therefore, this study explores the treatment of polyurethane foam waste with different gasifying agents, based on thermodynamic modeling. The polymeric foam gasification was developed using the best model for estimating higher heating value (gross calorific value). As the results indicated, models based on both ultimate and proximate analyses had better performance in predicting higher heating value. As one of the main objectives and novelties, the steam and air gasification performance of flexible and rigid polyurethane foam wastes was investigated and compared from efficiency and CO2 emission viewpoints. Polyurethane foam gasification by steam resulted in higher hydrogen efficiency, led to lower energy efficiency and produced lower CO2 emissions compared to gasification by air. A hydrogen efficiency of 41.4% was obtained for gasification of waste flexible polyurethane foam by steam. An energy efficiency of 76.6% and CO2 emission of 7.43 g per mole of feedstock were attained for waste flexible polyurethane foam gasified by air.

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Han, Long Xi, Bo Chen et Li Na Chen. « Calculation Method of Assimilative Capacity for Shallow-Broad Rivers ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 692 (novembre 2014) : 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.692.50.

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When waste water is discharged into a shallow-broad river, pollutants cannot be mixed uniformly in the lateral direction, and only the 2D water quality model can be used to calculate pollutant concentration. In this paper, based on the 2D theoretical solution, a formula for the calculation of assimilative capacity for shallow-broad river is proposed.

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Ali, Umi Fazara Md, Farihahusnah Hussin, Subash C. B. Gopinath, Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua, Mohd Hairul Khamidun, Norwahyu Jusoh, Naimah Ibrahim et Syahirah Faraheen Kabir Ahmad. « Advancement in recycling waste tire activated carbon to potential adsorbents ». Environmental Engineering Research 27, n^o 6 (12 décembre 2021) : 210452–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2021.452.

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Waste tires have been identified as one of the contributors to environmental problems and the issue of inadequate landfill spaces. The lack of consistent and systematic approaches such as specific regulations/laws or mechanisms of waste management to waste tires, limited application of technology for recycling waste tires and lack of awareness on the impacts of waste tires problem, make waste tires a source of environmental pollution. Various researches have been conducted on recycling waste tires into polymer bends, and materials to harden concretes, fuels and adsorbent. Researchers suggested that pyrolysis is the current trend of recycling waste tire to harvest the saleable pyrolysis oil and the recycled carbon black. Therefore, this review attempts to compile relevant knowledge about the potential of adsorbent derived from waste tires to be applied in the removal of various types of pollutants like heavy metals, organic pollutants, dye and air/gaseous pollutant. Studies were carried out on revealing the properties and the characteristics of activated carbon derived from waste tire as effective adsorbent which influence the application performance at liquid or gas phase. In addition, the challenges in the production of activated carbon derived from waste tire were discussed.

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Wang, Wen Lin, Yin Jing Wan, Xiao Yan Tang et Bin Liang. « Pollutants-Producing and Pollutants-Discharge Coefficients of Nitrogen and Phosphorous in Rural Domestic Sources in Taihu Lake Basin, China ». Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (juin 2014) : 1132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1132.

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Nine households of high, medium and low income level were selected as representative household of the Taihu Lake basin, China to study the measuring method of pollutant producing coefficient (PPC) and pollutant discharge coefficient (PDC) of rural domestic sewage and organic waste. Results showed that the income level had no significant influences on TN-/TP-PPC of rural domestic sewage but substantially affected the production and TN-/TP-PDC of domestic sewage, as well as the production and TN-/TP-PPC/PDC of organic waste, which corresponded with income such that high-income farmer households produced the most and the middle income produced lesser and the low income households produced the least amount. The utilization and treatment efficiency of toilet wastewater and the comprehensive utilization rate of organic wastes, particularly the rate of livestock were the primary influencing factors of domestic sewage and waste PDC. These factors were substantially affected by agricultural income level and septic tank type.

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Guo, Mingyue. « Mathematical Multivariate Statistical Analysis and Big Data Information System Establishment on Urban Pollutant through Intelligent Computational Method ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2083, n^o 4 (1 novembre 2021) : 042015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2083/4/042015.

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Abstract This paper mainly adopts the actor analysis and correspondence analysis in multivariate statistical analysis., for 6 indicators of the main pollutant contents emission in waste gas by 31 cities in China. The results of Factor Analysis showed that with cities in 6 indicators were controlled by two independent factors. The 2 factors, which were determined and named, were f 1, domestic waste gas pollutant emission factor, and f 2, factor of Industrial waste gas pollutant emission. The percentage of accumulated contribution of variances was 85.51%. The result s of correspondence analysis showed that, six indicators and cities which had significant or close relationships with 31 cities.

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Thabit Al-Kadi, Bashir, et Qais Nuri Fattah. « Unsteady Transport of Pollutants in Rivers Due to Pulse Disposal ». Water Science and Technology 23, n^o 1-3 (1 janvier 1991) : 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0415.

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Mixing of pollutants in rivers is accomplished by the process of mechanical dispersion. Physically, dispersion may be considered as a hydraulic mixing process, by which the waste concentrations are attenuated while the waste pollutants are being transported downstream. Turbulent diffusion and velocity gradients are the two main mechanisms in dispersion. An exact analytical solution is developed for the two-dimensional unsteady convective-dispersion equation. The solution describes the concentration distribution for a conservative pollutant or substance injected as a pulse (not continuous) into a river by a diffuser pipe installed normal to the direction of the river bank. The river has a constant mean velocity and a relatively large discharge in comparison to the pollution discharge. The solution is developed using Laplace and Finite Fourier Transforms. The distribution of the transporting concentration of the pollutant in the river due to such disposal is developed in terms of error functions, exponential, and trigonometric series. Variations in the location of the diffuser pipe in the river are examined. The concentration distribution is determined across and along the river as a function of time. The effects of variations in river velocity, lateral and longitudinal dispersion coefficients on the mixing patterns are presented. The solution presents variations in concentration distribution in the river with time during and after the pulsing injection period of the pollutant. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to determine significant variations in the solution due to changes in various parameters.

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Alkian, Ilham, Heri Sutanto, Bella Aprimanti Utami, Inten Rafika Duri, Dewi Qurrota A’yuni et H. Hadiyanto. « A Review of Carbon dots (CDs) Application in Sensing and Removing Medical Waste ». E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020) : 06004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020206004.

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Carbon dots materials (CDs) have the capability in the management of medical waste problem because of its advantage in the detection and degradation of pollutants. The synthesized CDs through various processes and raw materials have been applied to medical wastes, especially antibiotics such as tetracycline (TC), amoxicillin (AMX), para-Nitrophenol (p-NP), doxycycline (DC), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and oxytetracycline (OTC). These antibiotics are detected by utilizing changes in the luminescence property of CDs from the turn-off and turn-on mechanisms. Afterward, the degradation process is conducted using CDs as support materials agent semiconductors in the photosynthesis scheme. In general, CDs can be referred to as multifunction smart materials with the ability to detecting the presence of the antibiotics in simple, sensitive, and selective ways, and potency of medical pollutant removal clearly and effectively.

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Sanguanpak, Samunya, Chart Chiemchaisri, Wilai Chiemchaisri et Kazuo Yamamoto. « Effect of organic fouling on micro-pollutant rejection in membrane bioreactor treating municipal solid waste landfill leachate ». Water Science and Technology 72, n^o 4 (20 mai 2015) : 561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.248.

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Effect of membrane fouling on the removal of micro-pollutants from municipal solid waste landfill leachate, i.e. 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (BHT), bisphenol A (BPA), and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), in membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated. Modifications of membrane surface properties were analyzed to determine their relationship with their removals. Membrane fouling was simulated with foulants of different particle sizes on cellulose acetate (CA) microfiltration membrane to investigate the effect of foulant characteristics on BHT, BPA, and DEHP retention in the filtration experiment. The rejection efficiencies of the organic micro-pollutants in the MBR were 82–97% by fouled membrane, and 70–90% by cleaned membrane. The fouled membrane provided higher rejection of micro-pollutants from about 5% for BPA and BHT to 19% for DEHP. These improvements were due to the modification of membrane surface characteristics in terms of surface morphology, and contact angle after membrane fouling. The degree of rejection was found to be dependent upon the characteristics of foulant deposited on CA membrane surface. Increasing foulant particle size and its density shifted the mechanism of micro-pollutant rejection from membrane pore narrowing to pore blocking and cake formation while increasing pollutant adsorption capacity onto the foulant layer.

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Marlina, Elin, et Purwanto. « Electro-Fenton for Industrial Wastewater Treatment : A Review ». E3S Web of Conferences 125 (2019) : 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912503003.

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Electro-Fenton is part of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) which have been widely used to treat various types of waste such as color, drugs, phenol compounds, leachate, surfactants, and others. This article focuses on the effects of various operating parameters and recent developments in the electro-Fenton process, and then their optimum ranges for maximum pollutant removal and various pollutants removed by this process is observed.

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Körlü, Aysegül Ekmekçi, Saadet Yapar, Seher Perinçek, Hatice Yılmaz et Cem Bağıran. « Dye Removal From Textile Waste Water Through The Adsorption By Pumice Used In Stone Washing ». Autex Research Journal 15, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2015) : 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2015-0012.

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Abstract Because the waste production is inevitable in almost all industries, the elimination of these wastes is a requirement in terms of environmental regulations and welfare of all the creatures in the future. In this study, the use of the waste pumice stones of a denim washing mill is intended to eliminate the pollutant by a waste material and obtain economic benefits by converting it to the adsorbent. The pollutants in the effluents obtained from three different localisations of waste water treatment system of the same factory were removed through the adsorption. The experimental studies were carried out in three different steps; characterisation of adsorbent before and after adsorption; adsorption isotherm studies and biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements. Characterisation studies showed that the waste pumice has almost the same structural properties with unused one except the existence of some organic residues coming from washing process. The results of adsorption studies conducted at the adsorbent concentrations changing from 5 to 35 g/l revealed that the decolourisation was initial dye-concentration dependent. According to the BOD and COD measurements, the supernatants obtained at the end of adsorption could be assumed as somewhat polluted and this result indicates that the organic impurities other than indigo were also removed through the adsorption.

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Lo, Irene M. C., Raymond K. M. Mak et Samuel C. H. Lee. « Modified Clays for Waste Containment and Pollutant Attenuation ». Journal of Environmental Engineering 123, n^o 1 (janvier 1997) : 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1997)123:1(25).

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Heyer, K. U., K. Hupe, M. Ritzkowski et R. Stegmann. « Pollutant release and pollutant reduction – Impact of the aeration of landfills ». Waste Management 25, n^o 4 (janvier 2005) : 353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2005.02.007.

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Kabir, Mohammad Mahbub, Snigdha Setu Paul Mouna, Samia Akter, Shahjalal Khandaker, Md Didar-ul-Alam, Newaz Mohammed Bahadur, Mohammad Mohinuzzaman, Md Aminul Islam et M. A. Shenashen. « Tea waste based natural adsorbent for toxic pollutant removal from waste samples ». Journal of Molecular Liquids 322 (janvier 2021) : 115012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115012.

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Diansyukma, Achmad, Sri Puji Saraswati et Ahmad Tawfiequrrahman Yuliansyah. « Analysis of the Carrying Capacity and the Total Maximum Daily Loads of the Karang Mumus Sub-watershed in Samarinda City Using the WASP Method ». Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum 7, n^o 2 (27 mai 2021) : 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jcef.62826.

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Watershed is a multi-aspect ecological system, which functions as a source of water resources, in order to meet daily needs. It also motivates both economical and life matters, as well as serve as a sanitary channel for the surrounding community. Watershed also generates pollutants, which are known to potentially cause a decrease in river water quality. The degradation of river habitats that are caused by high pollutants penetration into the water body, decreases the capacity to carry out self-purification of toxic loads. The water pollutant load-carrying capacity is then calculated through various methods, one of which is the use of a computerized numerical modeling simulation called WASP (Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program). This method was developed by the ES-EPA, in order to process TMDLs (Total Maximum Daily Loads) data on river bodies, as well as examine each part of the water quality, based on spatial and temporal inputs. This study was conducted at the Karang Mumus Sub-watershed flowing through the centre of Samarinda City, with aims to determine the pollutants' carrying capacity, existing load, and toxic waste allocation, via the use of the BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) technique as a parameter of water quality. The calculation was carried out by segmenting the river into five parts, based on the number of districts it passes through, during pollutant loads inventory. The WASP modeling simulation showed that the total pollutant load-carrying capacity of the whole segments was 5,670 kg/day. It also showed the existing loads of about 3,605 kg/day, with the margin having the ability to receive pollutants at 2,065 kg/day. Moreover, the allocation of pollutant loads varies for each segment, with 2, 3, and 4 observed to reduce the pollutant by 390, 220, and 10 kg/day, respectively. However, segments 1 and 5 were still allowed to receive pollutant loads up to 1,740 and 945 kg/day, respectively.

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Zhang, Weichao, Yuwei Wang, Liquan Fan, Xingmei Liu, Weiyan Cao, Honglin Ai, Ziteng Wang, Xijun Liu et Hongge Jia. « Sorbent Properties of Orange Peel-Based Biochar for Different Pollutants in Water ». Processes 10, n^o 5 (26 avril 2022) : 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10050856.

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Efficient and reasonable utilization of waste biomass resources can not only avoid serious waste of material resources, but also solve the problem of environmental pollution. Therefore, the development of efficient and environmentally friendly waste biomass carbonization technology has important practical significance. Here, the activated carbon from orange peel (OAC) is prepared by potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation combined with high-temperature carbonization. The adsorption effects of OAC on three different pollutant aqueous solutions, methylene blue (MB), tetracycline (TC), and fluorescein sodium (NaFL), are examined. The OAC absorbent has excellent adsorption capacity for MB, TC, and NaFL pollutants of 10 mg L−1, with adsorption rates of 99.17%, 73.5%, and 94.24%, respectively. This study provides a new idea for turning waste biomass into treasure and eliminating the hidden danger of environmental pollution.

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Hlongwane, Gloria Ntombenhle, Patrick Thabang Sekoai, Meyya Meyyappan et Kapil Moothi. « Simultaneous removal of pollutants from water using nanoparticles : A shift from single pollutant control to multiple pollutant control ». Science of The Total Environment 656 (mars 2019) : 808–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.257.

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M. Patil, Sadhana, et Atharv S. Ashtaputre. « COST EFFECTIVE MECHANISM TO TREAT WASTE WATER ». International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 7, n^o 6 (1 octobre 2022) : 405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v07i06.048.

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Cost effective mechanism is the treatment of waste water to use treated water further for irrigation purpose and also to increase ground water level. That means, to reduce the concentration of TDS, BOD, COD, DO of waste water. Waste water includes plastic, sludge, and solid waste which directly and indirectly affect human health, underground water, and agriculture. In primary treatment, Screens are used for separating the solid waste and sludge flowing with waste water. We can use this separated sludge as a fertilizer for agriculture purpose. Purification of the waste water is done by aeration and sedimentation processes by providing porous bandhara, solid bandhara, & porous gravel filter. In further process a horizontal constructed wetlands are used. Constructed wetlands are shallow extensively vegetated water bodies that use enhanced sedimentation; fine filtration and pollutant absorb process to remove pollutants from waste water. This technology is using a natural way to effectively treating the waste water where no external energy is required as well as having low maintenance cost. This method is beneficial in draught areas to increase ground water level.

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Torlaema, Tasnim Aisya Mahmuelee, Mohamad Nasir Mohamad Ibrahim, Akil Ahmad, Claudia Guerrero-Barajas, Mohammed B. Alshammari, Sang-Eun Oh et Fida Hussain. « Degradation of Hydroquinone Coupled with Energy Generation through Microbial Fuel Cells Energized by Organic Waste ». Processes 10, n^o 10 (17 octobre 2022) : 2099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10102099.

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Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology has captured the scientific community’s attention in recent years owing to its ability to directly transform organic waste into electricity through electrochemical processes. Currently, MFC systems faces a number of barriers, with one of the most significant being the lack of organic substrate to provide enough energy for bacterial growth and activity. In the current work, rotten rice was utilized as an organic substrate to boost bacterial activity to produce more energy and break down the organic pollutant hydroquinone in an effort to improve the performance of MFCs. There are only a few studies that considered the waste as an organic substrate and simultaneously degraded the organic pollutant vis-à-vis MFCs. The oxidation of glucose derived from rotten rice generated electrons that were transported to the anode surface and subsequently flowed through an external circuit to the cathode, where they were used to degrade the organic pollutant hydroquinone. The results were consistent with the MFC operation, where the 168-mV voltage was generated over the course of 29 days with a 1000 Ω external resistance. The maximum power and current densities were 1.068 mW/m2 and 123.684 mA/m2, respectively. The hydroquinone degradation was of 68%. For the degradation of organic pollutants and the production of energy, conductive pili-type bacteria such as Lacticaseibacillus, Pediococcus acidilactici and Secundilactobacillus silagincola species were identified during biological characterization. Future recommendations and concluding remarks are also included.

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Ravindran, Gobinath, M. Radha Madhavi et Bashir Suleman Abusahmin. « Optimization of Zinc(II) Adsorption Using Agricultural Waste ». International Journal of Engineering & ; Technology 7, n^o 3.34 (1 septembre 2018) : 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.34.19212.

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With industrial growth, presence of pollutants is growing enormously. Removal of pollutant from waste water and effluents can be accomplished by various techniques, out of which adsorption was found to be an efficient method. Applications of adsorption limits itself due to high cost of adsorbent. In this regard, a low cost adsorbent produced from palm oil shell based agricultural waste is examined for its efficiency to remove Zn (II) from waste water and aqueous solution. The influence of independent process variables like pH, residence time, initial solution concentration, activated carbon dosage and process temperature on the removal of Zn(II) by palm shell based activated carbon from batch adsorption process are studied systematically. The results reveal that palm shell based activated carbon can be an effective adsorbent for removal of Zinc (II) and is efficient compared to other types of adsorbent produced from agricultural waste.

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Pandis, Pavlos K., Charalampia Kalogirou, Eirini Kanellou, Christos Vaitsis, Maria G. Savvidou, Georgia Sourkouni, Antonis A. Zorpas et Christos Argirusis. « Key Points of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) for Wastewater, Organic Pollutants and Pharmaceutical Waste Treatment : A Mini Review ». ChemEngineering 6, n^o 1 (18 janvier 2022) : 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering6010008.

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Advanced oxidation procedures (AOPs) refer to a variety of technical procedures that produce OH radicals to sufficiently oxidize wastewater, organic pollutant streams, and toxic effluents from industrial, hospital, pharmaceutical and municipal wastes. Through the implementation of such procedures, the (post) treatment of such waste effluents leads to products that are more susceptible to bioremediation, are less toxic and possess less pollutant load. The basic mechanism produces free OH radicals and other reactive species such as superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, etc. A basic classification of AOPs is presented in this short review, analyzing the processes of UV/H2O2, Fenton and photo-Fenton, ozone-based (O3) processes, photocatalysis and sonolysis from chemical and equipment points of view to clarify the nature of the reactive species in each AOP and their advantages. Finally, combined AOP implementations are favored through the literature as an efficient solution in addressing the issue of global environmental waste management.

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Siqueira, F. B., M. C. Amaral, R. A. Bou-Issa et J. N. F. Holanda. « Influence of industrial solid waste addition on properties of soil-cement bricks ». Cerâmica 62, n^o 363 (septembre 2016) : 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132016623631969.

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Abstract The reuse of pollutant solid wastes produced in distinct industrial activities (avian eggshell waste and welding flux slag waste) as a source of alternative raw material for producing soil-cement bricks for civil construction was investigated. Soil-cement bricks containing up to 30 wt% of industrial solid waste were uniaxially pressed and cured for 28 days. Special emphasis is given on the influence of solid waste addition on the technical properties (as such volumetric shrinkage, water absorption, bulk density, durability, and compressive strength), microstructure and mineral phases of soil-cement bricks. Microstructural evolution was evaluated via confocal microscopy. The experimental results showed that the solid wastes behave as charge material and influenced both technical properties and microstructure of the soil-cement bricks. It was found that up to 15 wt% of welding flux slag waste and up to 30 wt% of avian eggshell waste could be added into the soil-cement bricks for use as building material.

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Vadwala, Yogesh, et Namrita Kola. « NATURAL DYES EXTRACTED FROM WASTE LEAVES OF TERMINALIA CATAPPA LOCALLY KNOWN AS TROPICAL ALMOND AND ITS APPLICATION ON SILK FABRICS PRETREATED WITH ECO FRIENDLY AND NONECO-FRIENDLY MORDANTS ». International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, n^o 5 (31 mai 2017) : 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i5.2017.1845.

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The use of non-toxic and eco-friendly natural dyes on textiles has become a matter of significant importance because of the increased environmental awareness in order to avoid some synthetic dyes. Synthetic dyes are hazardous and carcinogenic and also release vast amount of pollutant in the environment during their manufacture and application, thus revival of natural dyeing techniques as one of the alternative is being emphasized for this purpose. Most effective ways for reducing environmental pollution is the replacement of polluting materials and chemicals by eco-friendly natural materials. Many natural resources which are being wasted indiscriminately or thrown away as a waste product contain useful dyes and pigments. In the present study, natural dye extracted from the waste leaves of Terminalia Catappa (tropical almond) and its application on silk fabrics pretreated with eco-friendly and non-eco-friendly mordants have been carried out successfully. Different shades with excellent to good fastness properties have been obtained.

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Halász, Judit, Zsolt Kotroczó, Péter Szabó et Tamás Kocsis. « Biomonitoring and Assessment of Dumpsites Soil Using Phospholipid Fatty Acid Analysis (PLFA) Method—Evaluation of Possibilities and Limitations ». Chemosensors 10, n^o 10 (10 octobre 2022) : 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10100409.

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Dumped waste is not only a problem from an aesthetic point of view, but also has an environmental polluting effect, or can even pose a direct danger if the waste is dumped in illegal landfills in an uncontrolled manner with unknown composition. In the case of soil pollution, the assessment of the changing microbial state can be used as an indicator of initial changes, since waste as a pollutant impacts the diversity of the landfill’s microbial community. The degree of change depends on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the pollutants, which can be measured through the microbial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) pattern. The aim was a comprehensive assessment of the soil microbiological and toxicological hazards of various illegal landfill. Cluster-analysis of the average principal component revealed significant differences between the experimental sites. In comparison with the control site, the percentage of fatty acid biomarkers of Gram-positive bacteria was significantly higher in the contaminated areas, as well as the ratio of trans/cis isomerization in the case of 16:1ω7 and 18:1ω7 fatty acids. The inverse tendency was observed in the relative quantities of fatty acid biomarkers of Gram-negative bacteria compared to Actinomycetes, and in the fungal-bacterial ratio.

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Namkung, Hueon, Se-In Park, Yoomin Lee, Tae Uk Han, Jun-Ik Son et Jun-Gu Kang. « Investigation of Oil and Facility Characteristics of Plastic Waste Pyrolysis for the Advanced Waste Recycling Policy ». Energies 15, n^o 12 (13 juin 2022) : 4317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124317.

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Alternative chemical and fuel oil produced from plastic waste may play a key role in national sustainable development. The Korean government has promoted several waste recycling policies including waste to energy. Here, we focus on the investigation of the oil and facility characteristics of plastic waste pyrolysis. Four pyrolysis facilities, which had different pyrolysis processes and produced various oil properties, were chosen in order to develop an advanced waste recycling policy. Pyrolysis oil recovery efficiency and chemical characteristics were influenced by feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. In terms of pyrolysis gases, the gas quantity was different due to the pyrolyzer operation conditions, but the characteristics of gas composition were not especially distinguished. In addition, air pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from the pyrolysis process were analyzed to evaluate the environmental effects on the surrounding area. The air pollutant concentration varied, but those from the process were adequately controlled. From the aforementioned results, several improvements have been deduced to manage the pyrolysis oil facility and product in advanced policy decisions.

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Bratu, Mihai, Luoana Florentina Pascu, Mihaela Petrescu, Andreea Cozea et Maria Pasca. « Assessment of the air pollution due to combustion processes of different wastes ». SIMI 2019, SIMI 2019 (20 septembre 2019) : 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2019.fp19.

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The continuous increase of the volume of waste, in direct correlation with the number of the population represents an important problem for the specialists involved in waste management and the identification of the most efficient solutions for their management in an environmentally friendly way with minimal impact on the environment. A large-scale waste reduction solution is to incinerate them in dedicated installations with strict control over air pollutant emissions from the incineration process. The paper presents the results of the tests carried out in two types of waste incinerators for the assessment of pollutant emissions in the air in order to reduce them and to meet the requirements of the environmental regulations in this field.

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Rizzi, Vito, Jennifer Gubitosa, Paola Fini, Roberto Romita, Sergio Nuzzo et Pinalysa Cosma. « Chitosan Biopolymer from Crab Shell as Recyclable Film to Remove/Recover in Batch Ketoprofen from Water : Understanding the Factors Affecting the Adsorption Process ». Materials 12, n^o 23 (20 novembre 2019) : 3810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233810.

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Seafood, a delight for many people, is sold in the market as a wide variety of products. However, seafood industries produce many by-products; for example, during the processing, the heads and shells of shellfish are generated as waste. This results in the generation of a large amount of shell waste that is accumulated over time, inducing a major environmental concern. Effective solutions for recycling shell waste should be taken into consideration, and the extraction of commercially useful substances like chitin and its derivates, such as chitosan, could be a valid solution for reducing the seafood waste’s environmental impact. Thus, during this work, we propose the use of chitosan as biowaste, to induce the formation of solid films useful for decontaminating water from emerging pollutants. In particular, ketoprofen was used as a model contaminant, and a high percentage of removal, at least 90%, was obtained in a short time under our experimental conditions. Thus, a comprehensive investigation into the adsorption of ketoprofen onto chitosan film was performed, detailing the nature of the adsorption by studying the effects of pH, temperature changes, and electrolyte presence in the solutions containing the pollutant. The process was found to be pH-dependent, involving meanly electrostatic interactions between the pollutant molecules and chitosan. The endothermic character of the adsorption was inferred. The kinetics of the process was investigated, showing that the pseudo second-order kinetic model best fit the experimental data. A recycling process of the adsorbent was proposed; therefore, the adsorbed pollutant can be recovered by reusing the same adsorbent material for further consecutive cycles of adsorption without affecting the efficiency for ketoprofen removal from water.

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Takkar, Rajat, Baljinder Kaur, Shikha Rana, Pankaj Kumar, Partha Khanra et Meenakshi Dhiman. « Usage of Magnetic Spinel Nano-Ferrites in Waste Water Treatment ». ECS Transactions 107, n^o 1 (24 avril 2022) : 10237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.10237ecst.

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In this review we study spinal ferrite magnetic nanoparticle for the effective removal of harmful contaminates from the waste water. It is well known that synthesis methods strongly effect the crystalline and the magnetic properties of the synthesized materials. In order to improve the magnetic properties various method of synthesis along with their effective applications have been discussed and published in various scientific journal. Main contaminants of water are classified broadly in two categories that are organic and inorganic. Here in pollutants are classified and probable removal methods are explained throughout this content using magnetic separation methods. The effective spinel ferrites consisted with lower hysteresis loop and lower coercivity, which is beneficiary for the removal of the pollutant from waste water.

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Rocha, Cláudio, Miguel Angel Soria et Luís M. Madeira. « Olive Mill Wastewater Valorization through Steam Reforming Using Multifunctional Reactors : Challenges of the Process Intensification ». Energies 15, n^o 3 (27 janvier 2022) : 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030920.

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Olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) is a polluting stream derived from the production of olive oil and is a source of environmental pollution; this is relevant in many countries around the world, but particularly in all the Mediterranean region where major producers are located. In this effluent, several pollutants are present—namely, sugars, fatty acids, and polyphenols, among others. Nowadays, to reduce the pollutant load, several treatment techniques are applied, but these technologies have numerous cost and efficiency problems. For this reason, the steam reforming of the OMW (OMWSR) presents as a good alternative, because this process decreases the pollutant load of the OMW and simultaneously valorizes the waste with the production of green H2, which is consistent with the perspective of the circular economy. Currently, the OMWSR is an innovative treatment alternative in the scientific field and with high potential. In the last few years, some groups have studied the OMWSR and used innovative reactor configurations, aiming to improve the process’ effectiveness. In this review, the OMW treatment/valorization processes, the last developments on catalysis for OMWSR (or steam reforming of similar species present in the effluent), as well as the last advances on OMWSR performed in multi-functional reactors are addressed.

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