Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « PMI innovativa »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "PMI innovativa"
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Solichin, Achmad, Masdarto Masdarto, Mustiatul Khasanah, Mishbahuddin Abbas, Solehudin Ma'aruf et Heny Kusmawati. « Inovasi Pembelajaran PAI dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan PAI ». Journal on Education 5, no 2 (22 janvier 2023) : 3990–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/joe.v5i2.1104.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In today's technological era, innovation in learning is very important. The rapid development of technological progress must be utilized as best as possible by educators, especially Islamic religious educators. This paper is specifically focused on innovative ideas for learning PAI in schools in the face of disruptive innovation in the digital era. In the learning process the use of appropriate and effective technology is a must so that the learning process is not stagnant and rigid. Islamic religious education learning innovations must also be carried out immediately so that they can quickly develop in a better direction, produce quality output, especially in learning methods. The internet as an alternative medium for innovating Islamic religious education learning methods, can be done in the form of e-learning, or applications that facilitate the delivery of learning material, so that the learning process has an increasingly existence to attract attention, not be boring and can improve the quality of education. The method used in compiling this journal is a data collection method by means of library research, carried out by collecting data that is significantly related to problems related to Islamic Religious Education learning innovations to improve the quality of Islamic Religious Education in Indonesia.
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Yuniarti, Evi, Nurmala Nurmala, Endang Asliana, M. Mursalin, Maheswar Satpathy, Adel A. Attiya et Nicolae Adrian Secelean. « Environmental innovation and financial performance : A case study of mediating role of environmental management ». Electronic Journal of Education, Social Economics and Technology 4, no 1 (30 avril 2023) : 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33122/ejeset.v4i1.83.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of environmental innovation which is product innovation (PDI) and process innovation (PCI) on firm’s financial performance (FFP). And also, to investigate mediating role of the environment management accounting (EMA) against innovation and FFP. Data were collected from 98 respondents, worked in management positions in Indonesia’s manufacturing sectors. The study uses PLS-SEM (partial least square based structural equation modeling) software for the data analysis. The results showed that PDI has positive and significant impacts on FFP. But PCI has not significant impacts on FFP. Furthermore, PDI and PCI have significant impacts on EMA. This study also indicated that EMA mediate the relationship between innovation and FFP in the manufacturing sector of Indonesia. This study suggests the managers of the manufacturing companies or similar sectors to introduce innovations in their products and processes for developing a better EMA system. The current study also tends to assist policymakers in developing appropriate policies for the manufacturing sector of Indonesia by realizing the importance of environmental innovation, EMA, so that their environmental and economic impacts can be managed and regulated.
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Sulaiman, Amanan. « Inovasi Metode Pembelajaran PAI Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa di Alkhairaat Labuha ». Foramadiahi : Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Keislaman 8, no 1 (1 décembre 2016) : 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46339/foramadiahi.v8i1.52.
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Recognized that the implementation of learning PAI. In many schools still meet obstacles, therefore the need for innovation method or way of learning, With the innovative method of learning expected of teachers is not as if a single source of information. Teachers are able to innovate in teaching methods open up horizons of students to be innovative and creative. Through innovative teaching methods, learning atmosphere in the classroom is not stuck in an atmosphere of rigid and monotonous. So that students can easily understand the material presented. Susana will make student learning unsaturated received materials from the teacher. Therefore, the authors are interested to study " innovation Learning Method PAI in Efforts to improve. Student Achievements in Labuha Alkahiraat Aliyah"
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Radomska, Joanna, et Letycja Sołoducho-Pelc. « BUSINESS STRATEGY IN INNOVATIVE AND NON-INNOVATIVE COMPANIES OF VARIOUS SIZES ». Problems of Management in the 21st Century 10, no 2 (20 décembre 2015) : 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pmc/15.10.100.
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The influence of innovation upon the competitive advantage of companies seems to be an actual issue worth examining. That’s why it is interesting to investigate the various aspects of the strategies pursued by companies classified as innovative or non-innovative. The aim of the research was to check whether the differences between enterprises can be traced back to their sizes or should rather be derived from their unique characteristics. In order to test the hypotheses, the correlations (established on the basis of the Kendall's tau-b correlation coefficient) between specified research areas and the size of the company were calculated for the two groups of companies (innovative and non-innovative). The study was conducted using the PAPI technique and the 5-point Likert scale. The research sample included two groups of companies – innovative (88 companies) and non-innovative (34 enterprises). The respondents in the survey included company managing staff. Presenting the findings of the research, it can be pointed out that in a group of innovative companies no distinctness regarding the primary objectives of strategy could be demonstrated. Only the correlations between the size and risk of the business and the implementation of global expansion strategy can be considered. Companies that are not oriented to innovation, however, significantly differ only regarding to strategy formalisation, which increases with the organisation’s growth. The main research findings proved that there is a lack of noticeable differences in the strategies of innovative and non-innovative companies analysed in terms of their size. Key words: aspects of strategy, company size, innovation, competitive advantage, business strategy, small and large company.
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Badi, Sulafa M., et Stephen Pryke. « Assessing the impact of risk allocation on sustainable energy innovation (SEI) ». International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 9, no 2 (4 avril 2016) : 259–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-10-2015-0103.
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Purpose – The allocation of risk among project participants is an important determinant of innovation success in construction projects. The purpose of this paper is to examine the capacity of risk allocation to encourage the implementation of environmental innovation, particularly sustainable energy innovation (SEI), within the private finance initiative (PFI) project delivery model. Design/methodology/approach – A four-case qualitative research methodology is adopted within the context of the UK government’s building schools for the future programme. Findings – The findings identify that SEIs are encouraged on the innovative projects by the perceived clarity, appropriateness, and manageability of the risks associated with the project’s energy performance on the PFI contract. The main SEIs were largely developed as strategies to manage long-term energy performance risks allocated to private sector actors and safeguard their long-term commitment to the project. However, the findings indicate that excessive perceived innovation-related risks, particularly capital cost risk, may restrict further SEIs to be implemented. Research limitations/implications – The qualitative case study approach adopted may limit the generalisability of the findings. Practical implications – The study and provides practical guidance to policymakers and project managers in developing strategies to support the implementation of SEI in PFI projects. Originality/value – The study attends to a significant gap in knowledge as there is a lack of conceptual and empirical work on managing innovative processes for sustainable energy in PFI projects.
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Ono, M., M. Jaworski, R. Kaita, C. H. Skinner, J. P. Allain, R. Maingi, F. Scotti et V. A. Soukhanovskii. « Overview of Innovative PMI Research on NSTX-U and Associated PMI Facilities at PPPL ». Fusion Science and Technology 63, no 1T (mai 2013) : 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/fst13-a16868.
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Minhaji, Minhaji, Moh Nawafil et Abd Muqit. « Implementation of the Islamic Religious Education Learning Methods Innovation in the New Normal Era ». AL-ISHLAH : Jurnal Pendidikan 14, no 2 (14 juin 2022) : 2107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i2.1900.
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This study aims to analyse and describes the implementation of PAI (Islamic religious education) learning method innovation and the procedures of creating innovative learning methods in the new normal era. This study uses a qualitative case study approach. The researcher tries to reveal learning method innovation and the procedures in the unstable era of the COVID-19 pandemic. The researcher conducted interviews, observations, and documentation to obtain information about the themes studied. Data analysis was carried out circularly, starting with data presentation, data reduction, and concluding. The results showed that PAI learning method innovation in the new normal era is running effectively through the integration of various learning methods, consists of three kinds, the first is the home visit method integrated with project-based learning, the second is the online method integrated with blended learning, and the third is the offline method integrated with inquiry learning. Identification, development and evaluation are the three procedures of creating integrated PAI learning method innovation in the new normal era.
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Medase, Kehinde, et Laura Barasa. « Absorptive capacity, marketing capabilities, and innovation commercialisation in Nigeria ». European Journal of Innovation Management 22, no 5 (14 octobre 2019) : 790–820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejim-09-2018-0194.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how specialised capabilities including absorptive capacity and marketing capabilities influence innovation commercialisation in manufacturing and service firms in Nigeria. The authors hypothesise that absorptive capacity measures including openness and formal training for innovation, and marketing capabilities encompassing new product marketing and marketing innovation are positively associated with innovation performance. Design/methodology/approach The authors examine commercialisation of innovation within the profiting from innovation (PFI) and dynamic capabilities (DC) framework and use data from the 2012 Nigeria Innovation Survey to test the hypothesis by means of a Heckman sample selection model. Findings The authors find that absorptive capacity measures comprising openness and formal training are positively associated with innovation performance. The authors also find that marketing capabilities as indicated by new product marketing and marketing innovation are positively associated with innovation performance. Research limitations/implications The authors acknowledge that firms undergo continuous changes and that there may be the presence of unobserved or unmeasured heterogeneity. Taking into cognisance that Nigeria is a federal state, cultural diversity and economic factors are likely to differ widely between geographical regions. Also, while the proposed conceptual framework offers a deeper understanding of innovation performance, examining how integrating activities of the R&D department, human resource department and marketing department affect innovation commercialisation is likely to provide more meaningful insights. Practical implications The role that inter-organisational learning and intra-organisational learning play in driving innovation performance provide managers with a basis for incorporating absorptive capacity building programs that boost employees’ ability to recognise and apply valuable external knowledge to commercial ends. Similarly, firms may benefit from offering marketing capabilities development programs. Furthermore, innovation policies in Nigeria are generally designed to focus on fostering innovation activities aimed at developing innovative output. Accordingly, government support explicitly targeting new product marketing and marketing innovation is likely to play a vital role in the successful commercialisation of innovation in Nigeria. Originality/value This study fuses the PFI and DC framework to examine why innovating firms may not necessarily succeed. This area of study has received scant attention in sub-Saharan Africa given that extant literature focusses on value creation as opposed to value capture.
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Mursalim, Mursalim, et Hatta Hatta. « Inovasi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Melalui Kegiatan Ektrakurikuler Di SMP Raudatut Tholabah Jenggawah Jember ». Fenomena 18, no 1 (23 avril 2019) : 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/fenomena.v18i1.24.
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Innovation is a necessity, because there is no stagnant life. Times keep changing, only people or institutions continue to innovate for surviving. While institutions which have no innovation are slow or fast, they are abandoned, stale, not marketable and do not keep up with the times. The innovation of pesantren-based schools is an effort to ensure that an institution continues to withstand the onslaught of modern era. Above destructive reality if not responded quickly, precisely, and intelligently will have more severe impact. In educational context, innovative ideas about pesantren-based schools and PAI learning innovation are one of the solutions which must be taken. Generally, PAI is as a nomenclature in schools, but it is not in Junior High School of Raudatut Tholabah, PAI learning developed at the school are Al-Qur'an - Hadith, Fiqh, SKI, and Aqidah Akhlak. The innovation of Islamic Learning Education Through Extracurricular Activities in SMP Raudatut Tholabah Jenggawah of Jember. It is the strengthening of religious values through the activities of having Dhuha Prayer and Dhuhur together, Reading and writing, tahfidzul and reading Al Qur'an together, Academic Guidance and Counseling Services, Scouting, Sports and the arts.
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Sakolan, Sakolan. « Model Inovasi Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Pembelajaran PAI ». Milenial : Journal for Teachers and Learning 2, no 1 (31 juillet 2021) : 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.55748/mjtl.v2i1.68.
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This research is motivated by the absence of PAI teaching materials, this study aims to examine the innovation model for the development of PAI learning materials. The type of research used is a literature review, where articles are collected through search engines such as EBSCO, Sciencedirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar published in 2010-2020. The results of the analysis show that the creativity, innovation and competence of teachers in managing the classroom as well as the use of learning media infrastructure in schools, if used properly, greatly influences a good learning atmosphere, so that motivation arises in students in learning. Furthermore, the methods used are all correct and have their advantages and disadvantages, because there is no teaching and learning method that guarantees 100% success. Therefore, in this context, especially teachers, they must be able to optimize their knowledge, abilities and imagination in innovating in the world of education related to the subjects they teach.
Thèses sur le sujet "PMI innovativa"
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Percoco, Giuseppe. « Il contributo del diritto societario allo sviluppo tecnologico : le società innovative ». Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/205885.
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Le problematiche giuridiche per le imprese innovative costituite in forma di società a responsabilità limitata. La costituzione “elettronica” della S.r.l. start-up innovativa: analisi di disciplina e prospettive eurounitarie per una riforma organica del procedimento costitutivo. Un fattore di discontinuità: le quote standardizzate di S.r.l. PMI e la raccolta di capitali tramite portali on-line. Gli interventi per la prevenzione e la gestione della crisi della start-up innovativa: il fresh start nel D.L 179 e nel codice della crisi d’impresa. Una chiave di lettura innovativa dei provvedimenti normativi e un nuovo stadio evolutivo della S.r.l.. Distribuzione delle imprese italiane per forma giuridica. Distribuzione delle start-up innovative in Italia. Quadro riepilogativo delle previsioni in favore di start-up innovative, PMI innovative PMI A.r.l.
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Cibien, Elisa <1989>. « Elaborato Finale : Il Crowdfunding : una nuova frontiera nel mondo della finanza. Analisi del fenomeno e del mercato italiano. Il Crowdfunding per la PMI innovativa locale : un progetto di riqualificazione energetica immobiliare tramite raccolta di Equity Crowdfunding ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/9875.
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In questo elaborato verrà analizzato il contesto in cui il fenomeno del Crowdfunding è nato e si è evoluto, con particolare riferimento agli eventi e alle innovazioni storiche, culturali ed economico-finanziare che hanno influenzato la sua definizione e le sue caratteristiche principali: nello specifico, il Web 2.0, la Alternative Online Finance e la Sharing Economy.
Verranno descritti i vari modelli di Crowdfunding declinati in base allo scopo e al funzionamento della raccolta fondi nel finanziare specifici progetti. Una particolare attenzione verrà dedicata al modello detto Equity Crowdfunding, soprattutto dal punto di vista della legislazione, della quale l’Italia è stata il paese precursore in Europa. Si cercherà di offrire anche un quadro del panorama italiano di sviluppo delle piattaforme che si occupano di promuovere l’utilizzo di questo strumento.
Nell’ultimo capitolo verrà riportata la presentazione di un progetto pilota proposto da una PMI locale: si tratta di un progetto di raccolta fondi di tipo equity attraverso lo strumento del Crowdfunding destinata alla riqualificazione energetica di immobili residenziali in disuso.
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Caon, Giulia <1993>. « Agevolazioni fiscali per start-up e PMI innovative ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10716.
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Il D.L. 179/2012 introduce nell'ordinamento italiano la definizione di start-up innovativa, predisponendo un quadro di riferimento articolato ed organico che interviene su materie differenti quali le agevolazioni fiscali, la disciplina societaria, il mercato del lavoro e il diritto fallimentare. Una posizione di preminenza è ricoperta dalle disposizioni di carattere tributario, finalizzate a supportare lo sviluppo imprenditoriale delle idee innovative, proponendo un articolato e strutturato meccanismo di incentivi rivolti a i dipendenti, investitori-soci, collaboratori e consulenti. L’obiettivo è favorire la crescita sostenibile, lo sviluppo tecnologico, la nuova imprenditorialità e l’occupazione in particolare giovanile, il tutto volendo contestualmente contribuire alla creazione di un contesto maggiormente favorevole all'innovazione al fine di promuovere maggiore mobilità sociale e attrarre in Italia talenti, imprese innovative e capitali dall'estero. Con il tempo il Legislatore ha apportato dei ritocchi talvolta abrogativi, talaltra modificativi per perfezionare la disciplina a supporto della crescita: modifiche sono state apportate con il D.L. 76/2013 il cosiddetto “Decreto Lavoro” e successivamente con il D.L. 3/2015 “Decreto Investment Compact” il quale ha introdotto la figura delle piccole e medie imprese innovative. Infine con la Legge 232/2016, la cosiddetta Legge di Stabilità 2017, sono state apportate le ultime modifiche in materia di crescita e sono state prorogate le agevolazioni del D.L. 179/2012.
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Roulet, Nicolas. « Modélisation du processus d'innovation technologique en PME-PMI : application à la conception d'une nouvelle technologie de fabrication basée sur la technique laser ». Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002065.
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Aujourd'hui face à une concurrence internationale de plus en plus vive, les petites et moyennes entreprises françaises se doivent d'optimiser leur triptyque "Coût/Qualité/Délais" en développant de nouvelles technologies de fabrication. Il est vrai que pour répondre à des marchés de plus en plus complexes et à une compétitivité de plus en plus intense, l'innovation technologique devient un critère stratégique pour une grande majorité des sociétés françaises. Cependant innover technologiquement n'est pas quelque chose de simple ni d'innée. C'est un processus qui fait appel à la pluridisciplinarité et plus particulièrement à la réunion de diverses compétences techniques complémentaires. Ceci incite les sociétés à innover en partenariat avec des centres de recherche et des sociétés expertes. Mais pour assurer la pérennité de leur entreprise et de leur futur processus de fabrication, les industriels se doivent d'être capable de maîtriser leurs innovations au terme de leur "co-développement". Face à ces situations qui ne facilitent pas la réussite d'une innovation technologique, nous avançons deux hypothèses: la conception d'une démarche de collaboration dès les phases amont du projet innovant et la réalisation d'un saut technologique par la définition d'un seuil minimum de connaissances techniques à maîtriser. Nous avons expérimenté ces propositions dans le cadre d'un projet de conception d'un procédé de rechargement laser de cylindres de découpe. Le résultat de cette recherche nous a permis de proposer un modèle de processus d'innovation technologique pouvant servir de support aux responsables de projet en PME.
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Seoh, Seungwon 1975. « Innovative application of PFI to Korea ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47920.
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Pierre, Antoine. « L'évaluation de la capacité d'innovation des PME : une perspective par les spécificités des PME ». Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTD041.
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La thèse traite de l’évaluation de la capacité d’innovation des petites et moyennes entreprises, quand elles intègrent l’innovation dans leur volonté de croissance. L’objectif est de comprendre les facteurs pouvant expliquer le lien positif entre l’innovation et la performance pour les PME. Ce lien complexe repose sur une multitude de facteurs, relatifs à la production et la valorisation de l’innovation. Nous avons focalisé notre attention sur l’analyse du management de l’innovation au travers de l’évaluation de la capacité d’innovation des PME.Il s’agit de comprendre en quoi le management de l’innovation, au travers de l’évaluation, peut favoriser la performance d’innovation en PME et, par conséquent, la performance des PME. Pour traiter ces questions, nous explorons, théoriquement et empiriquement, les facteurs constitutifs de la capacité d’innovation des PME, permettant d’expliquer la performance d’innovation des PME. L’exploration tient compte du champ de la PME, conformément aux recommandations liées à la contextualisation de l’innovation. L’influence du champ PME sur l’analyse de la capacité d’innovation et son évaluation est étudiée.Les résultats de la thèse apportent plusieurs éléments nouveaux de connaissance. Nous proposons, d’abord, une définition conceptuelle et opérationnelle de la capacité d’innovation des PME. Elle est construite autour de dimension statique et dynamique de la capacité d’innovation des PME. Cette définition améliore la compréhension des mécanismes facilitant la production et la valorisation de l’innovation au sein des PME.Les résultats éclairent, ensuite, le lien direct existant entre plusieurs dimensions de la capacité d’innovation des PME et la performance d’innovation des PME. Nous participons au débat sur l’intérêt du management de l’innovation pour les PME. Nous montrons que l’évaluation de l’activité d’innovation peut être réalisée autour de plusieurs dimensions de la capacité d’innovation. Ces dimensions de la capacité d’innovation ont un impact, positif ou négatif, sur la performance d’innovation des PME. L’impact est directement lié à la capacité des PME à gérer et mobiliser efficacement ces dimensions de la capacité d’innovation en fonction de son contexte propre. Il est, aussi, lié à la capacité de la PME à assurer le dynamisme de sa capacité d’innovation. Le dynamisme est assuré face aux évolutions de la PME elle-même et de son environnement pour assurer le maintien de la capacité d’innovation de la PME. Le management de l’innovation et l’évaluation de la capacité d’innovation des PME sont, donc, bénéfiques pour les PME. Ils permettent aux PME d’optimiser leur processus d’innovation et d’assurer leur évolution. Nous prolongeons, ainsi, les travaux sur le management de l’innovation et sur le management de l’innovation en PME.La thèse propose, enfin, une analyse du champ PME, de son influence sur la capacité d’innovation et de son évaluation. Nous concluons sur l’effet des spécificités des PME sur l’activité d’innovation, sur la construction de la capacité d’innovation et son évaluation. L’effet des spécificités des PME influence les dimensions de la capacité d’innovation et la performance d’innovation. Cependant, l’analyse de l’effet positif ou négatif des spécificités des PME sur l’innovation doit être nuancée. Les spécificités des PME et leur influence sur la capacité d’innovation dépendent du contexte particulier de l’entreprise et de son activité d’innovation. Le cas Alpha mobilisé illustre ce résultat. Des facteurs déterminants sa capacité d’innovation se sont transformés en véritables freins à l’innovation. Par conséquent, l’approche par la contingence est recommandée pour l’analyse de l’innovation en PME. Nous retenons particulièrement l’effet de la croissance de la PME et, donc, de son évolution propre, pour analyser et évaluer la capacité d’innovation de la PMEThe thesis deals with the assessment of SMEs innovation capacity, when they integrate innovation in their desire for growth. The objective is to understand the factors that can explain the positive link between SMEs innovation and performance. This complex relationship is based on multiple factors relating to the production and valorization of innovation. We focused our attention on innovation management SMEs innovation capacity assessmen.The aim is to understand how innovation management, through evaluation, can foster SMEs innovation performance and, consequently, SMEs performance. To address these issues, we explore, both theoretically and empirically, the factors that make up the SMEs innovation capacity to explain SMEs innovation performance. Exploration takes into account SMEs spécificities, in line with literature. We focus ont the influence of SMEs specificities on innovation capacity and its assessment.The thesis results rovide several new elements of knowledge. First, we propose a conceptual and operational definition of SMEs innovation capacity. It is built around the static and dynamic dimension of the innovation capacity. This definition improves the understanding of mechanisms facilitating the production and valorization of innovation within SMEs.The results then higlights the link between certain SMS innovation capacity dimensions and SMEs innovation performance. We participate to the debate discussing the interest of innovation management for SMEs. We show that the innovation activity can be carried out around several dimensions of innovation capacity. These dimensions of innovation capacity have a positive or negative impact,on SMEs innovation performance. The impact is directly related to the ability of SMEs to effectively manage and mobilize these dimensions of innovation capacity according to their own context. It is also linked to the SME's capacity to ensure the dynamism of its innovation capacity. The dynamism is assured regarding the evolutions of the SME itself and its environment to ensure the maintenance of SMEs innovation capacity. The management of innovation and the evaluation of the innovation capacity of SMEs are, therefore, beneficial for SMEs. They enable SMEs to optimize their innovation process and ensure their evolution. We extend the work on innovation management and innovation management in SMEs.The thesis proposes, finally, an analysis of SMEs specificities. SMEs specificities have an influence on innovation capcity and innovation performance. However, the analysis of the positive or negative effect of SMEs specificities on innovation needs to be nuanced. SMEs specificities and their influence on innovation capacity depend on the particular context of the company. The unique case mobilized illustrates this result. Therefore, the contingency approach is recommended for the analysis of innovation in SMEs
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Pantano, Giulio. « La relazione tra PMI e università negli Open Innovation Ecosystems : il caso SUGAR ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19810/.
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Introdotto nel 2004, il paradigma dell’Open Innovation incomincia a permeare le pratiche aziendali di tutto il mondo ribaltando il concetto di collaborazione, dove adesso viene concepita come centrale una strategia di strutturazione di un ecosistema interdipendente. In questo lavoro di tesi si fornisce un’analisi della letteratura allargata in riferimento a due attori in particolare del sistema, ovvero le PMI e le università, di cui si identifi-ca una relazione in termini di strategie di Open Innovation. Le prime, di-fatti, risultano avere agilità nelle logiche di collaborazione, ma non di-spongono di una consulenza all’innovazione strutturata; le seconde, inve-ce, hanno una capacità significativa di trasferimento tecnologico e impatto sul territorio, ma sistemi di incentivi per i ricercatori disallineati. All’interno degli Open Innovation Ecosystems, l’obiettivo della tesi è dimostrare in via qualitativa il potenziale della relazione tra PMI e univer-sità, che si sostanzia in programmi quali ad esempio SUGAR.
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RODRIGUES-PEREIRA, PAULO R. « Innovation technologique, pme et role de l'etat ». Paris, CNAM, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CNAM0131.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Nous etudions le role des politiques publiques d'innovation technologique en faveur des petites et moyennes entreprises industrielles (pme), dans le 5eme cycle de kondratiev. Les nouveaux materiaux constituent une des technologies-cles de ce nouveau cycle: nous en analysons l'utilisation comme vecteurs d'innovation dans le pme, et nous tirons quelques lecons du point de vue des politiques d'innovation technologique mises en uvre par les gouvernements. Les politiques d'innovation actuelles en faveur des pme aux etats-unis et en republique federale d'allemagne sont presentees et discutees; les resultats de trois enquetes recentes visant a identifier les obstacles que rencontrent les pme pour utiliser les nouvelles technologiques des materiaux sont ensuite confrontes aux principaux instruments d'intervention gouvernementale utilises dans ces pays. Nous soulignons l'importance de la collaboration inter-entreprises et du dialogue recherche-entreprise, et nous concluons pour proposer une meilleure formulation des programmes de recherche-developpement en collaboration, une revision des reglementations concernant les nouveaux materiaux, et l'adoption d'une politique de commandes publiques menee resolument en faveur des petites et moyennes entreprises
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Masiero, Roberto <1990>. « Le PMI innovative secondo la normativa italiana. Confronto con l'evoluzione della dottrina in tema di innovazione ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/8136.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’importanza delle PMI è particolarmente significativa in alcuni stati membri, tra cui figura senza dubbio l’Italia. Le difficoltà presenti oggi nel mondo dell'impresa, fanno pensare che l'unica soluzione possibile sia quella di ristrutturare e tagliare i costi, ma questa potrebbe rappresentare soltanto una condizione necessaria ma non sufficiente per l'uscita dallo stato di crisi dell'azienda. L'imprenditore e ancor di più l’imprenditore di una PMI deve sapersi mettere in discussione, deve riuscire a cogliere le tante sollecitazioni che giungono dall’esterno o dall’interno dell’impresa per rispondervi in modo nuovo, cercando così di cambiare e, quindi, di innovare. Ma quando parliamo di innovazione? Nel primo capitolo partiremo dall’evoluzione del concetto di innovazione derivante dal lavoro di autorevoli studiosi di economia. Successivamente analizzeremo le politiche a sostegno dell’innovazione a livello comunitario, attraverso l’ultimo e ambizioso programma quadro Horizon 2020 con la consapevolezza che tali politiche devono uniformarsi ai reali bisogni sia delle grandi sia delle piccole e medie imprese. Nel terzo capitolo con l’aiuto di importanti studi statistici cercheremo di capire l’origine e come si misura tale spinta innovativa in Europa, facendo anche una comparazione tra i dati italiani e quelli degli altri Stati membri . In seguito però, all’introduzione della normativa sulle PMI innovative, è giunta l’ora, alla luce anche dei dati raccolti dagli studi analizzati, di confrontare essa con il possibile scenario innovativo verso il quale oggi, una piccola e media realtà debba orientarsi; nello specifico se la legge sia completa, coerente e adatta alla realtà operativa aziendale dei prossimi anni. Quindi nel quarto capitolo studieremo la norma introdotta dal Governo nel definire la nuova figura di PMI I. Nel quinto capitolo cercheremo di capire come effettivamente operano le PMI italiane quando si parla d’innovazione e saranno approfonditi temi riguardanti l'open innovation e la gestione della conoscenza ritenuti tra le leve su cui spingere affinché una PMI intraprenda la miglior strada verso il cambiamento e il successo. Concluderemo il lavoro argomentando l'efficacia del testo normativo rispetto allo scenario in cui si trovano realmente le PMI e quali aspetti esso riesca a cogliere e quali no, alla luce di quanto detto rispetto a un complesso concetto quale è l’innovazione.
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Nunes, Florbela da Conceição Mantinhas. « Criatividade e inovação em contexto empresarial - Estudo da relação entre as atitudes criativas e as práticas inovadoras em microempresas e PME ». Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/15019.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Apesar de a literatura evidenciar a urgência da criatividade e da inovação nas empresas,
não se encontraram pesquisas que analisem, especificamente, a relação entre as atitudes
criativas e as práticas inovadoras. Assim, o presente trabalho de investigação pretendeu
dar resposta a uma questão central: que relação existe entre as atitudes criativas dos
empresários e as suas práticas empresariais inovadoras?
Tendo como objetivo estabelecer uma relação entre essas variáveis no contexto das
Microempresas e PME sedeadas em Portugal Continental, foi inquirida uma amostra
constituída por 274 empresários, através de um inventário de práticas empresariais
inovadoras e uma escala de autoperceção de atitudes criativas, construídos para o efeito.
O tratamento dos dados recolhidos assentou na análise estatística, com recurso ao
programa informático PASW Statistics e dividiu-se em duas fases: a análise das
características métricas dos instrumentos e o estudo das hipóteses.
A avaliação das características métricas dos instrumentos de recolha dos dados começou
com um estudo piloto, que permitiu avaliar a sua sensibilidade, fidelidade e validade e
confirmou-se num estudo principal, cujos resultados apontam para instrumentos com a
robustez necessária, medindo os construtos para os quais foram desenvolvidos. Para o
efeito recorreu-se à estatística descritiva, à análise de componentes principais para
dados categóricos e à análise fatorial exploratória, com recurso à análise de
componentes principais.
Da operacionalização da questão de investigação definiram-se as hipóteses, para cujo
teste se recorreu ao estudo de correlação, à análise de variância e à análise do valor
preditivo das variáveis. Os resultados estabelecem uma relação entre as variáveis e
confirma-se parcialmente a hipótese de trabalho, apontando a influência das atitudes
criativas sobre as práticas empresariais inovadoras; ABSTRACT: Although literature highlights the urgency of creativity and innovation in enterprises, no
studies were found that specifically examine the relationship between creativity
attitudes and innovative practices. So, this research intended to address a central
question: what kind of relationship exists between creative attitudes of entrepreneurs
and their innovative business practices?
Facing the objective of establishing the relationship between attitudes towards creativity
and innovative business practices in the context of Micro and SMEs, based in mainland
Portugal, a sample of 274 entrepreneurs has been inquired through an inventory of
innovative business practices and a scale of self-rated creative attitudes, both built from
scratch.
Using computer program PASW Statistics, the data collected was treated through
statistical analysis, divided in two phases: the analysis of metric characteristics of the
instruments and the study of hypotheses.
The evaluation of the metric characteristics of the instruments of data collection began
with a pilot study to assess their sensitivity, reliability and validity and was confirmed in
the main study, where results showed the instruments robustness, by measuring the
constructs for which the instruments have been developed. For this purpose we used
descriptive statistics, principal components analysis for categorical data and exploratory
factor analysis, again using the principal component analysis.
Through the operationalization of the research question, hypotheses were defined, and
tested with study correlation, analysis of variance and analysis of the predictive value of
variables. The results point to a relationship between the variables partially confirming
the research hypothesis, showing the influence of attitudes towards creativity in
innovative business practices.
Livres sur le sujet "PMI innovativa"
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Yvon, Gasse, dir. L' innovation technologique dans les PME manufacturières : Études de cas et enquête. Québec : L'Institut de recherches politiques, Programme PME, 1992.
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Office, National Audit. Innovation in PFI financing : The Treasury Building project : report by the Comptroller and Auditor General. London : Stationery Office, 2001.
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France-Allemagne, comment promouvoir la coopération industrielle entre PME ? : Évaluation de deux programmes d'action visant la promotion du transfert de technologie entre les PME françaises et allemandes par l'utilisation de conseillers en innovation. Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 1994.
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Tu shu guan wen xian pei zhi jia zhi lian chuang xin yan jiu : The innovation research library literature deployment value chain. Shanghai : Shi jie tu shu chu ban gong si, 2014.
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Ke ji chuang xin zi yuan pei zhi : Ji zhi, mo shi yu lu jing xuan ze = Allocation of sicentific innovation resources : mechanism, pattern and path-selection. Beijing Shi : Jing ji ke xue chu ban she, 2009.
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Chiping, Yuan, et Jiang Lianxiong, dir. Chan ye chuang xin neng li de pei yang yu fa zhan yan jiu : Zhujiang Sanjiaozhou de fa zhan lu jing he qu shi = Research on cultivation and development of industrial innovation capability. Beijing Shi : She hui ke xue wen xian chu ban she, 2013.
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Hamdouch, Abdellilah, Sophie Reboud et Corinne Tanguy, dir. PME, dynamiques entrepreneuriales et innovation. Peter Lang B, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0352-6152-3.
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Reboud, Sophie, Corinne Tanguy et Abdellilah Hamdouch. PME, Dynamiques Entrepreneuriales et Innovation. Lang AG International Academic Publishers, Peter, 2012.
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GAY. Innovation et Creativite en Pme. ISTE Editions Ltd., 2019.
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Reboud, Sophie, Abdelillah Hamdouch et Corinne Tanguy. PME, Dynamiques Entrepreneuriales et Innovation. Lang Publishing, Incorporated, Peter, 2011.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "PMI innovativa"
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Kalaskar, Pratik, Surbhi Razdan et Amol Jawalkar. « Innovative PMI-Based Inspection Planning for Planar and Cylindrical Features ». Dans Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 421–28. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5463-6_37.
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Aliu, Antigona, et Matthias Aust. « Minimal Invasive Technologies for Treatment of HTS and Keloids : Medical Needling ». Dans Textbook on Scar Management, 287–98. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44766-3_34.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractMedical needling or percutaneous collagen induction (PCI) is a nonablative and innovative method for the treatment of scars. The method of PCI displays a minimal invasive intervention that has developed in the last 25 years and gets significantly more integrated in the fields of plastic and reconstructive surgery. Medical needling is based on a simple therapy concept with a focus on sustainability and clinical data reveal new pathways for the treatment of especially HTS and keloids. In the context of modern medicine, medical needling overcomes deficits of conventional treatments by stimulating and modifying the endogenous potential of skin regeneration.
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Watkiss, Stewart. « Let the Innovation Begin : Designing Your Own Circuits ». Dans Learn Electronics with Raspberry Pi, 247–61. Berkeley, CA : Apress, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-1898-3_11.
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Watkiss, Stewart. « Let the Innovation Begin : Designing Your Own Circuits ». Dans Learn Electronics with Raspberry Pi, 325–43. Berkeley, CA : Apress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-6348-8_13.
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Li, Linying. « The Impact of FDI on Technological Innovation ». Dans Proceedings of the 2022 2nd International Conference on Public Management and Intelligent Society (PMIS 2022), 172–79. Dordrecht : Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-016-9_21.
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Gorbatov, Sergey, Angela M. Lane et Timothy J. Richmond. « Performance Management at AbbVie ». Dans Performance Management Transformation, 43–63. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190942878.003.0003.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This case study describes design and implementation of the performance management process (PMP) at AbbVie, a global, research-based biopharmaceutical company with approximately 30,000 employees worldwide; it is dedicated to developing and delivering a consistent stream of innovative new medicines. Following its separation from Abbott in 2013, over the course of 5 years AbbVie built a tailor-made PMP, guided by scientific knowledge of human behavior and the unique cultural imperatives of the new company. This case study demonstrates how traditional human resources tools can be used to create a culture of high performance and innovation. The company posits that business strategy, culture, and leadership precede any system design considerations and need to be primary drivers of these. The success of implementation is in the vertical and horizontal integration of all the elements of the performance management (PM) system. The chapter discusses the challenges and key principles of PMP design in a global matrixed organization and shares the company’s perspectives on the successes, opportunities, and future directions of the AbbVie PMP evolution.
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Serenko, Alexander, et Ofir Turel. « Mobile Portals as Innovations ». Dans Mobile Computing, 181–87. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-054-7.ch016.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this chapter is to analyze mobile portals (m-portals) as an innovation. M-portals are wireless Web pages that help portable device users interact with mobile content and services (based on the definition by Clarke & Flaherty, 2003). Previous works in the area of mobile portals mostly concentrated on their technical aspects, implementation issues, classifications, and user acceptance (e.g., Gohring, 1999; GSA, 2002; Koivumäki, 2002). At the same time, these studies did not view mobile portals as innovations themselves, nor discussed the innovative potential of this novel technology. Analyzing technological artifacts as innovations is important for two reasons. First, such analysis can help m-portal developers and providers pinpoint the salient mportal characteristics that drive service diffusion. Second, it can assist potential m-portal developers and providers understand the risks associated with entering this segment of wireless services. This study attempts to contribute to the knowledge base by discussing various dimensions of the innovativeness of mobile portals and predicting the commercial success as well as potential risks of designing m-portals. Specifically, this investigation utilizes two innovation-based models as a lens of analysis. The first is the Moore and Benbasat’s (1991) list of perceived characteristics of innovating (PCI), which is adapted to assess the innovation features of mobile portals. The second is the Kleinschmidt and Cooper’s (1991) market and technological newness map. By applying these frameworks, the study attempts to develop a better understanding of individual innovation characteristics and the innovation typology of mobile portals that is important for both theory and practice. Mobile portals are a fruitful area of growth and interest. Even though the technology has been in use for only several years, both researchers and practitioners have devoted substantial efforts to design m-portals that would meet enduser requirements. To ensure the success of this technology, it is important to further understand its innovative potential. However, little work has been done in this area. A discussion grounded on the existing innovation schools of thought would help to bridge that gap.
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Moulinet, Jacques-Robert. « Chapitre 10. Innovation : oser grandir ». Dans PME & ; ETI, 245–67. De Boeck Supérieur, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/dbu.cheva.2018.01.0245.
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Palahicky, Sophia. « Innovative Curriculum Design ». Dans Enhancing Learning Design for Innovative Teaching in Higher Education, 106–37. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2943-0.ch006.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Learning outcomes are often referred to as the foundation of the curriculum and some scholars see them as “first elements” with precedence over other curriculum aspects. Nevertheless, when learning outcomes drive the curriculum design process, this can hinder creativity and collaboration. This chapter describes a disruptive approach to curriculum design that shifts the focus off learning outcomes and instead emphasizes collaboration and blueprint design to enable innovative curriculum design. A definition of innovative curriculum design is included in this chapter to enhance the scholarly literature and deepen understanding about this topic. In addition, this chapter describes an innovative approach to program review practices and features the design, development, and implementation of a recently developed program mapping application (PMA).
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Kasemsap, Kijpokin. « Mastering Electronic Procurement, Green Public Procurement, and Public Procurement for Innovation ». Dans Open Government, 985–1005. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9860-2.ch046.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter explains the overview of Electronic Procurement (e-procurement); the critical success factors and implementation of e-procurement systems; the barriers to e-procurement implementation; the perspectives on electronic public procurement; the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and e-procurement; the prospect of Green Public Procurement (GPP); the importance of Public Procurement for Innovation (PPI); and the intermediation of PPI. E-procurement, GPP, and PPI expand the aspects of enterprise resource planning systems, sustainability, and innovation, allowing the automation of internal business processes and providing the procurement-related platforms that support automation at a global level. The benefits of e-procurement, GPP, and PPI include reduced transaction time, increased productivity, improved standardization, enhanced sustainability, and simplified global procurement.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "PMI innovativa"
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Pinheiro Cintra, Leandro. « INNOVATION MANAGEMENT CHAIN : PROPOSAL FOR INNOVATION MANAGEMENT PROCESS WITH SYNERGY BETWEEN IDEATION, CORPORATE ACCELERATION AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT ». Dans II Evento Científico do PMI. , : Even3, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/iecdp2019.234900.
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Fiorentino, Michele, Antonio E. Uva et Giuseppe Monno. « Product Manufacturing Information Management in Interactive Augmented Technical Drawings ». Dans ASME 2011 World Conference on Innovative Virtual Reality. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/winvr2011-5516.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This work presents a novel Augmented Realty (AR) application to superimpose interactive Product Manufacturing Information (PMI) onto paper technical drawings. We augment drawings with contextual data and use a novel tangible interface to access the data in a natural way. We present an optimized PMI data visualization algorithm for CAD models in order to avoid model and annotation cluttering.. Our algorithm ranks the model faces with technical annotations according to angle, distance, occlusion and area. The number of annotations visualized on 3D model is chosen following the cognitive perception theory to avoid information overload. We also extended the navigation metaphor adding the concept of tangible model navigation and flipping using the duplex drawing. As case studies we used annotated models from ASME standards. By using PC hardware and common paper drawings, this approach can be integrated at low-cost in existing industrial processes.
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Padenko, E., K. Friedrich et B. Wetzel. « Tribology of innovative polybenzimidazole (PBI) coatings ». Dans 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON “TIMES OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES” : From Aerospace to Nanotechnology. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5045863.
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Barbušová, Miroslava, Ľuboslav Dulina, Eleonóra Bigošová et Iveta Rolinčinová. « Innovation Performance in EU and Slovakia ». Dans Průmyslové inženýrství 2020. Západočeská univerzita, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/pi.2020.09693.016-023.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The article focuses on the innovative results of the European Union and Slovakia and their subsequent comparison. In developed economies, innovation is the main driver of achieving the competitiveness of society as well as countries. Achieving the economic development of society and countries requires radical innovations that change habits and have an impact on job creation and regional development. This article helps improve tracking of innovation performance issues.
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López, Sergio, Patricia Moctezuma et Alejandro Mungaray. « University and Enterprises Linkages for Regional Development in México ». Dans Third International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head17.2017.5134.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article evaluates the incentives to Mexico Innovation Program (PEI), from a regional perspective based on its contribution to the Regional Innovation System (RIS) of Baja California, between 2009 and 2013. Through the both additional behavioral and networks methodologies, the decision making process at companies, and the level of linkages among them, higher education institutions and governmental actors of the RIS is analyzed. The results show that by imposing the financing of innovation projects on the linking of business and scientific actors, PEI is helping to strengthen the RIS, encouraging 15% of its interactions.
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Vagelatos, Artistides Th, Fragkiskos K. Foskolos et Theodore P. Komninos. « Education 2.0 : Bringing Innovation to the Classroom ». Dans 2010 14th Panhellenic Conference on Informatics (PCI). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pci.2010.15.
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Papatheocharous, Efi, et Panagiotis Gouvas. « eTracer : An Innovative Near-Real Time Track-and-Trace Platform ». Dans 2011 15th Panhellenic Conference on Informatics (PCI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pci.2011.54.
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Aliyev, Alovsat, et Roza Shahverdiyeva. « Commercialization issues of ICT-directed innovative processes ». Dans 2012 IV International Conference "Problems of Cybernetics and Informatics" (PCI). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpci.2012.6486489.
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Popa, Bogdan. « Innovative Computing Systems in Volume Rendering for the Medical Images ». Dans PCI '16 : 20th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Informatics. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3003733.3003752.
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Samaras, A., G. Pangalos, C. Ilioudis et I. Pagkalos. « Using Nature and Bio-inspired Technologies for Building Innovative Proactive Security Mechanisms ». Dans 2009 13th Panhellenic Conference on Informatics. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pci.2009.35.
Texte intégralRapports d'organisations sur le sujet "PMI innovativa"
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Collington, Rosie, et William Lazonick. Pricing for Medicine Innovation : A Regulatory Approach to Support Drug Development and Patient Access. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, janvier 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp176.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The United States represents the world’s largest market for pharmaceutical drugs. It is also the only advanced economy in the world that does not regulate drug prices. There is no upper threshold for the prices of medicines in the United States. List prices are instead set by manufacturers in negotiation with supply-chain intermediaries, though some federal programs have degrees of discretion in price determinations. In practice, this deregulated system means that drug prices in the United States are generally far higher than in other advanced economies, adversely affecting patient accessibility and system affordability. In this paper, we draw on the “theory of innovative enterprise” to develop a framework that provides both a critique of the existing pricing system in the United States and a foundation for developing a new model of pricing regulation to support safety and effectiveness through drug development as well as accessibility and affordability in the distribution of approved medicines to patients. We introduce a regulatory approach we term “Pricing for Medicine Innovation” (PMI), which departs dramatically from the market-equilibrium assumptions of conventional (neoclassical) economics. The PMI approach recognizes the centrality of collective investments by government agencies and business firms in the productive capabilities that underpin the drug development process. PMI specifies the conditions under which, at the firm level, drug pricing can support both sustained investment in these capabilities and improved patient access. PMI can advance both of these objectives simultaneously by regulating not just the level of corporate profit but also its allocation to reinvestment in the drug development process. PMI suggests that although price caps are likely to improve drug affordability, there remain two potential issues with this pricing approach. Firstly, in an innovation system where a company’s sales revenue is the source of its finance for further drug development, price caps may deprive a firm of the means to invest in innovation. Secondly, even with adequate profits available for investment in innovation, a firm that is run to maximize shareholder value will tend to use those profits to fund distributions to shareholders rather than for investment in drug innovation. We argue that, if implemented properly, PMI could both improve the affordability of medicines and enhance the innovative performance of pharmaceutical companies.
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Willey, Debra A. Innovative Problem Solving in USAF Officer PME Curriculum. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, avril 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada407136.
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Sovinec, Carl. Plasma Science and Innovation Center (PSI-Center) at Washington, Wisconsin, and Utah State, ARRA Supplement. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mars 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1425977.
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Jarboe, Thomas R., Brian A. Nelson, Uri Shumlak et Jeong-Young Ji. The Plasma Science and Innovation Center (PSI-Center) at Washington, Wisconsin, and Utah State. Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), août 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1577353.
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Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia, Richard Crain, Shimon Meir, Nehemia Aharoni et Susan Lurie. Calcium-Mediated Signal Transduction during Leaf Senescence. United States Department of Agriculture, novembre 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604925.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
We have examined the possibility that modulation of [Ca2+]cyt may represent a signal which induces senescence processes in leaves, through triggering of lipid hydrolysis leading to the cascade of detriorative events. Characterization of the signal transduction components operating during leaf senescence was gained by studying various Ca2+-dependent activities of parsley and chrysanthemum leaves, in relation to several senescence functions, and in response to senescence-modulating hormones (ethylene,ABA, BA and IAA). Some innovative findings regarding the control of senescence processes by [Ca2+]cyt were established: Several Ca2+-or CaM-related compounds were shown to modulate [Ca2+]cyt and action, thereby affecting whole leaf senescence. The involvement of [Ca2+]cyt in mediating the effects of senescence-modulating hormones has been demonstrated. Loss of energized Ca2+-transport capability of PM was found to an early event in leaf senescence, which occurs before changes in senescence parameters are observed, and while other PM ATPase enzymes still retain about 50% of their activities. A general pattern of increased phosphorylation of PM proteins with advanced senescence, which could be modified by plant hormones applied in vivo (BA) or in vitro (ABA), sa found. Taken together, all this indirect evidence indicate that [Ca2+]cyt is elevated due to the senescence-induced decrease in the ability to extrude Ca2+, which results particularly from reduced PM Ca2++-transport capability rather than increased operation of Ca2+ channels or elevated Ins(1,4,5)P3 levels. The direct proof for such a senescence-related elevation in [Ca2+]cyt was provided for the first time by the Ca2+ imaging measures with fura-2, showing a rise in [Ca2+]cyt of mesophyll cells upon senescence induction, which preceeded changes in typical senescence characteristics. This research provides strong evidence for regarding the rise in [Ca2+]cyt as a primary event in induction of the senescence syndrome in detached leaves. The findings have also broad implications for postharvest handling of leafy crops and ornamentals, and open new avenues for employing Ca2+-related inhibitors to delay leaf senescence.
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Litaor, Iggy, James Ippolito, Iris Zohar et Michael Massey. Phosphorus capture recycling and utilization for sustainable agriculture using Al/organic composite water treatment residuals. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600037.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objectives: 1) develop a thorough understanding of the sorption mechanisms of Pi and Po onto the Al/O- WTR; 2) determine the breakthrough range of the composite Al/O-WTR during P capturing from agro- wastewaters; and 3) critically evaluate the performance of the composite Al/O-WTR as a fertilizer using selected plants grown in lysimeters and test-field studies. Instead of lysimeters we used pots (Israel) and one- liter cone-tainers (USA). We conducted one field study but in spite of major pretreatments the soils still exhibited high enough P from previous experiments so no differences between control and P additions were noticeable. Due to time constrains the field study was discontinued. Background: Phosphorous, a non-renewable resource, has been applied extensively in fields to increase crop yield, yet consequently has increased the potential of waterway eutrophication. Our proposal impetus is the need to develop an innovative method of P capturing, recycling and reuse that will sustain agricultural productivity while concurrently reducing the level of P discharge from and to agricultural settings. Major Conclusions & Achievements: An innovative approach was developed for P removal from soil leachate, dairy wastewater (Israel), and swine effluents (USA) using Al-based water treatment residuals (Al- WTR) to create an organic-Al-WTR composite (Al/O-WTR), potentially capable of serving as a P fertilizer source. The Al-WTR removed 95% inorganic-P, 80% to 99.9% organic P, and over 60% dissolved organic carbon from the agro-industrial waste streams. Organic C accumulation on particles surfaces possibly enhanced weak P bonding and facilitated P desorption. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDS), indicated that P was sparsely sorbed on both calcic and Al (hydr)oxide surfaces. Sorption of P onto WW-Al/O-WTR was reversible due to weak Ca-P and Al-P bonds induced by the slight alkaline nature and in the presence of organic moieties. Synchrotron-based microfocused X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy indicated that adsorption was the primary P retention mechanism in the Al- WTR materials. However, distinct apatite- or octocalciumphosphatelike P grains were also observed. Synchrotron micro-XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al-WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K-edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. In screen houses experiments (Israel) we showed that the highest additions of Al/O-WTR (5 and 7 g kg⁻¹) produced the highest lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolial) yield. Lettuce yield and P concentration were similar across treatments, indicating that Al/O- WTR can provide sufficient P to perform similarly to common fertilizers. A greenhouse study (USA) was utilized to compare increasing rates of swine wastewater derived Al/O-WTR and inorganic P fertilizer (both applied at 33.6, 67.3, and 134.5 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) to supply plant-available P to spring wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) in either sandy loam or sandy clay loam soil. Spring wheat straw and grain P uptake were comparable across all treatments in the sandy loam, while Al/O-WTR application to the sandy clay loam reduced straw and grain P uptake. The Al/O-WTR did not affect soil organic P concentrations, but did increase phosphatase activity in both soils; this suggests that Al/O-WTR application stimulated microorganisms and enhance the extent to which microbial communities can mineralize Al/O-WTR-bound organic P. Implications: Overall, results suggest that creating a new P fertilizer from Al-WTR and agro-industrial waste sources may be a feasible alternative to mining inorganic P fertilizer sources, while protecting the environment from unnecessary waste disposal.
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Minz, Dror, Stefan J. Green, Noa Sela, Yitzhak Hadar, Janet Jansson et Steven Lindow. Soil and rhizosphere microbiome response to treated waste water irrigation. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598153.bard.
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Research objectives : Identify genetic potential and community structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial community structure as affected by treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation. This objective was achieved through the examination soil and rhizosphere microbial communities of plants irrigated with fresh water (FW) and TWW. Genomic DNA extracted from soil and rhizosphere samples (Minz laboratory) was processed for DNA-based shotgun metagenome sequencing (Green laboratory). High-throughput bioinformatics was performed to compare both taxonomic and functional gene (and pathway) differences between sample types (treatment and location). Identify metabolic pathways induced or repressed by TWW irrigation. To accomplish this objective, shotgun metatranscriptome (RNA-based) sequencing was performed. Expressed genes and pathways were compared to identify significantly differentially expressed features between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW. Identify microbial gene functions and pathways affected by TWW irrigation*. To accomplish this objective, we will perform a metaproteome comparison between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW and selected soil microbial activities. Integration and evaluation of microbial community function in relation to its structure and genetic potential, and to infer the in situ physiology and function of microbial communities in soil and rhizospere under FW and TWW irrigation regimes. This objective is ongoing due to the need for extensive bioinformatics analysis. As a result of the capabilities of the new PI, we have also been characterizing the transcriptome of the plant roots as affected by the TWW irrigation and comparing the function of the plants to that of the microbiome. *This original objective was not achieved in the course of this study due to technical issues, especially the need to replace the American PIs during the project. However, the fact we were able to analyze more than one plant system as a result of the abilities of the new American PI strengthened the power of the conclusions derived from studies for the 1ˢᵗ and 2ⁿᵈ objectives. Background: As the world population grows, more urban waste is discharged to the environment, and fresh water sources are being polluted. Developing and industrial countries are increasing the use of wastewater and treated wastewater (TWW) for agriculture practice, thus turning the waste product into a valuable resource. Wastewater supplies a year- round reliable source of nutrient-rich water. Despite continuing enhancements in TWW quality, TWW irrigation can still result in unexplained and undesirable effects on crops. In part, these undesirable effects may be attributed to, among other factors, to the effects of TWW on the plant microbiome. Previous studies, including our own, have presented the TWW effect on soil microbial activity and community composition. To the best of our knowledge, however, no comprehensive study yet has been conducted on the microbial population associated BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 2 of 16 BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 3 of 16 with plant roots irrigated with TWW – a critical information gap. In this work, we characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on root-associated microbial community structure and function by using the most innovative tools available in analyzing bacterial community- a combination of microbial marker gene amplicon sequencing, microbial shotunmetagenomics (DNA-based total community and gene content characterization), microbial metatranscriptomics (RNA-based total community and gene content characterization), and plant host transcriptome response. At the core of this research, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to study and characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on tomato and lettuce plants. A focus of this study was on the plant roots, their associated microbial communities, and on the functional activities of plant root-associated microbial communities. We have found that TWW irrigation changes both the soil and root microbial community composition, and that the shift in the plant root microbiome associated with different irrigation was as significant as the changes caused by the plant host or soil type. The change in microbial community structure was accompanied by changes in the microbial community-wide functional potential (i.e., gene content of the entire microbial community, as determined through shotgun metagenome sequencing). The relative abundance of many genes was significantly different in TWW irrigated root microbiome relative to FW-irrigated root microbial communities. For example, the relative abundance of genes encoding for transporters increased in TWW-irrigated roots increased relative to FW-irrigated roots. Similarly, the relative abundance of genes linked to potassium efflux, respiratory systems and nitrogen metabolism were elevated in TWW irrigated roots when compared to FW-irrigated roots. The increased relative abundance of denitrifying genes in TWW systems relative FW systems, suggests that TWW-irrigated roots are more anaerobic compare to FW irrigated root. These gene functional data are consistent with geochemical measurements made from these systems. Specifically, the TWW irrigated soils had higher pH, total organic compound (TOC), sodium, potassium and electric conductivity values in comparison to FW soils. Thus, the root microbiome genetic functional potential can be correlated with pH, TOC and EC values and these factors must take part in the shaping the root microbiome. The expressed functions, as found by the metatranscriptome analysis, revealed many genes that increase in TWW-irrigated plant root microbial population relative to those in the FW-irrigated plants. The most substantial (and significant) were sodium-proton antiporters and Na(+)-translocatingNADH-quinoneoxidoreductase (NQR). The latter protein uses the cell respiratory machinery to harness redox force and convert the energy for efflux of sodium. As the roots and their microbiomes are exposed to the same environmental conditions, it was previously hypothesized that understanding the soil and rhizospheremicrobiome response will shed light on natural processes in these niches. This study demonstrate how newly available tools can better define complex processes and their downstream consequences, such as irrigation with water from different qualities, and to identify primary cues sensed by the plant host irrigated with TWW. From an agricultural perspective, many common practices are complicated processes with many ‘moving parts’, and are hard to characterize and predict. Multiple edaphic and microbial factors are involved, and these can react to many environmental cues. These complex systems are in turn affected by plant growth and exudation, and associated features such as irrigation, fertilization and use of pesticides. However, the combination of shotgun metagenomics, microbial shotgun metatranscriptomics, plant transcriptomics, and physical measurement of soil characteristics provides a mechanism for integrating data from highly complex agricultural systems to eventually provide for plant physiological response prediction and monitoring. BARD Report
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Overview of Innovative PMI Research on NSTX-U and Associated PMI Facilities at PPPL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1056642.
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