Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Phytophthora sp »
Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres
Sommaire
Consultez les listes thématiques d’articles de revues, de livres, de thèses, de rapports de conférences et d’autres sources académiques sur le sujet « Phytophthora sp ».
À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.
Articles de revues sur le sujet "Phytophthora sp"
1
Man in 't Veld, Willem A., Wil J. Veenbaas-Rijks, Elena Ilieva, Arthur W. A. M. de Cock, Peter J. M. Bonants et Rob Pieters. « Natural Hybrids of Phytophthora nicotianae and Phytophthora cactorum Demonstrated by Isozyme Analysis and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA ». Phytopathology® 88, no 9 (septembre 1998) : 922–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.9.922.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Three similar isolates of Phytophthora (Phytophthora sp-h) were obtained from diseased Spathiphyllum and Primula plants. Cultural characteristics did not fit any known description of Phytophthora species. The Phytophthora sp-h isolates are papillate, are homothallic, possess 80 to 86% amphigynous antheridia, and have a maximum temperature for growth of 36.5°C. Isozyme analysis of the Phytophthora sp-h isolates revealed a three-banded pattern with malic enzyme and a three-banded pattern with malate dehydrogenase on the second putative locus. The fastest band at both enzyme loci comigrated with the single P. nicotianae band, the slowest band comigrated with the single P. cactorum (and also P. pseudotsugae) band, and one band in between was concluded to represent the heterodimeric isozyme. The random amplified polymorphic DNA patterns of the Phytophthora sp-h isolates almost exclusively consisted of bands that were also present in either P. nicotianae or P. cactorum. Southern hybridization showed that bands specific for P. nicotianae were present as comigrating bands in the Phytophthora sp-h isolates. The same was found for species-specific bands of P. cactorum. It is concluded that the three Phytophthora sp-h isolates represent interspecific hybrids, P. nicotianae being the one parent and P. cactorum the other. Analysis of mito-chondrial DNA with restriction enzymes revealed banding patterns in all the Phytophthora sp-h isolates identical with those of P. nicotianae, confirming that indeed P. nicotianae was one of the parents.
2
Dwiastuti, Mutia Erti, Sri Widyaningsih, Rudi Cahyo Wicaksono, Dina Agustina et Unun Triasih. « IDENTIFICATION OF VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA (VAM) FROM SOIL AND ITS POTENCY IN REDUCING DISEASE DEVELOPMENT (Phytophthora sp.) ON 5 CITRUS ROOTSTOCK ». El-Hayah 7, no 2 (27 mars 2019) : 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/elha.v7i2.8426.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Phytophthora spp. is one of the fungal pathogens that kills plants on several kinds of the citrus rootstock. In other countries, it is reported that disease pathogens were reduced in roots containing Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM interaction). However, in Indonesia, there is less information about the effect of VAM on the roots of citrus plants against root disease caused by Phytophthora sp. This study aimed to identify VAM in citrus roots and study the potential of VAM in controlling root rot of Phytophthora sp. on five types of the citrus rootstock. The research was carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Indonesian Citrus, and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute (ICSFRI). Phytophthora spp. and VAM samples originated from several citrus centers endemic to Phytophthora were collected. VAM was isolated from the rhizosphere area of citrus plants, while Phytophthora sp. was isolated from infected plant roots. The fungus isolates were isolated, purified, then identified through references. The test of the potential of VAM in increasing resistance of root diseases caused by Phytophthora sp. was performed at the screen house in ICSFRI. The results of the study showed that VAM was identified in 39 gardens in 6 districts from samples collected in 49 yards in 10 regions of citrus centers. The dominant VAM genus is Glomus sp. with the highest density of spores was originated from Ponorogo area. The results of the identification of Phytophthora morphologically showed a diversity of Phytophthora, namely P. parasitica, P. palmivora, and P. citrophthora. The test of the potential of VAM in increasing plant resistance to Phytophthora results showed that Kanci, JC, RL, and Volkameriana varieties inoculated with Phytophthora sp. and Glomus sp. have higher plant height than healthy plants.
3
La Spada, Federico, Peter J. A. Cock, Eva Randall, Antonella Pane, David E. L. Cooke et Santa Olga Cacciola. « DNA Metabarcoding and Isolation by Baiting Complement Each Other in Revealing Phytophthora Diversity in Anthropized and Natural Ecosystems ». Journal of Fungi 8, no 4 (22 mars 2022) : 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8040330.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Isolation techniques supplemented by sequencing of DNA from axenic cultures have provided a robust methodology for the study of Phytophthora communities in agricultural and natural ecosystems. Recently, metabarcoding approaches have emerged as new paradigms for the detection of Phytophthora species in environmental samples. In this study, Illumina DNA metabarcoding and a conventional leaf baiting isolation technique were compared to unravel the variability of Phytophthora communities in different environments. Overall, 39 rhizosphere soil samples from a natural, a semi-natural and a horticultural small-scale ecosystem, respectively, were processed by both baiting and metabarcoding. Using both detection techniques, 28 out of 39 samples tested positive for Phytophthora. Overall, 1,406,613 Phytophthora internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequences and 155 Phytophthora isolates were obtained, which grouped into 21 taxa, five retrieved exclusively by baiting (P. bilorbang; P. cryptogea; P. gonapodyides; P. parvispora and P. pseudocryptogea), 12 exclusively by metabarcoding (P. asparagi; P. occultans; P. psycrophila; P. syringae; P. aleatoria/P. cactorum; P. castanetorum/P. quercina; P. iranica-like; P. unknown sp. 1; P. unknown sp. 2; P. unknown sp. 3; P. unknown sp. 4; P. unknown sp. 5) and four with both techniques (P. citrophthora, P. multivora, P. nicotianae and P. plurivora). Both techniques complemented each other in describing the variability of Phytophthora communities from natural and managed ecosystems and revealing the presence of rare or undescribed Phytophthora taxa.
4
Kondo, Toru, Kayoko Otsubo et Koji Kageyama. « Phytophthora rot of alpine delphinium caused by Phytophthora sp. kelmania ». Journal of General Plant Pathology 88, no 2 (15 janvier 2022) : 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10327-021-01050-5.
Texte intégral
5
Muzuni, Muzuni, Haidin Haidin et Nur Arfa Yanti. « Karakterisasi Morfologi Phytophthora sp. Asal Buah Kakao Desa Olo-oloho, Kabupaten Konawe, Sulawesi Tenggara ». BioWallacea : Jurnal Penelitian Biologi (Journal of Biological Research) 7, no 1 (5 mai 2020) : 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/biowallacea.v7i1.11812.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study aimed to determine the morphological characteristics of Phytophthora sp. isolated from cocoa fruits from Olo-oloho Village, Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. Isolation of Phytophthora sp. carried out by the point method using V4 (Vegetable Juice Agar) media incubated at 27ºC for 24 hours. Morphological characterization of Phytophthora sp. included characterization of colony morphology and cell morphology. The results showed that the colony morphological characteristics were white colonies, cotton-like textures, the uneven edge of the colony, zoning and radial lines. The morphological characteristics of the cell had asexual spores in the form of sporangium and chlamydospores, hyphae are not aseptic, greenish-black zoospores, zoospores are round and double-flagged, and have sporangiophores. Keywords: Phytophthora sp., colony morphology, cell morphology
6
Balci, Y., S. Balci, J. Eggers, W. L. MacDonald, J. Juzwik, R. P. Long et K. W. Gottschalk. « Phytophthora spp. Associated with Forest Soils in Eastern and North-Central U.S. Oak Ecosystems ». Plant Disease 91, no 6 (juin 2007) : 705–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-6-0705.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A survey of soils associated with oak species was conducted in 2003 and 2004 in Indiana, Illinois, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, and Wisconsin to investigate the occurrence of Phytophthora spp. Soils taken from around the base of healthy and declining oak trees were flooded with H2O and Quercus robur leaflets were used as bait for Phytophthora spp. From 829 soil samples collected near trees, 21% were positive for Phytophthora spp., with 55% of the 125 sites surveyed yielding a Phytophthora sp. Phytophthora cinnamomi was the most frequently isolated species, representing 69.4% of the Phytophthora-infested sites surveyed. Other species, in decreasing order of isolation frequency were Phytophthora sp. 2, P. citricola, P. europaea, P. cambivora, P. quercina-like isolates, and Phytophthora sp. 1. No significant association was found between the presence of Phytophthora organisms and site characteristics such as latitude, elevation, soil pH, or the crown condition of the trees. However, in P. cinnamomi-infested sites, a significant association was found with the deteriorating crown status of Q. alba and the presence of P. cinnamomi. The absence of P. cinnamomi above the 40°N latitude range also was noteworthy.
7
Jung, Thomas, Bruno Scanu, Clive Brasier, Joan Webber, Ivan Milenković, Tamara Corcobado, Michal Tomšovský et al. « A Survey in Natural Forest Ecosystems of Vietnam Reveals High Diversity of both New and Described Phytophthora Taxa including P. ramorum ». Forests 11, no 1 (12 janvier 2020) : 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11010093.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In 2016 and 2017, surveys of Phytophthora diversity were performed in 25 natural and semi-natural forest stands and 16 rivers in temperate and subtropical montane and tropical lowland regions of Vietnam. Using baiting assays from soil samples and rivers and direct isolations from naturally fallen leaves, 13 described species, five informally designated taxa and 21 previously unknown taxa of Phytophthora were isolated from 58 of the 91 soil samples (63.7%) taken from the rhizosphere of 52 of the 64 woody plant species sampled (81.3%) in 20 forest stands (83.7%), and from all rivers: P. capensis, P. citricola VII, VIII, IX, X and XI, P. sp. botryosa-like 2, P. sp. meadii-like 1 and 2, P. sp. tropicalis-like 2 and P. sp. multivesiculata-like 1 from Phytophthora major phylogenetic Clade 2; P. castaneae and P. heveae from Clade 5; P. chlamydospora, P. gregata, P. sp. bitahaiensis-like and P. sp. sylvatica-like 1, 2 and 3 from Clade 6; P. cinnamomi (Pc), P. parvispora, P. attenuata, P. sp. attenuata-like 1, 2 and 3 and P. ×heterohybrida from Clade 7; P. drechsleri, P. pseudocryptogea, P. ramorum (Pr) and P. sp. kelmania from Clade 8, P. macrochlamydospora, P. sp. ×insolita-like, P. sp. ×kunnunara-like, P. sp. ×virginiana-like s.l. and three new taxa, P. sp. quininea-like, P. sp. ×Grenada 3-like and P. sp. ×Peru 4-like, from Clade 9; and P. sp. gallica-like 1 and 2 from Clade 10. The A1 and A2 mating types of both Pc and Pr co-occurred. The A2 mating type of Pc was associated with severe dieback of montane forests in northern Vietnam. Most other Phytophthora species, including Pr, were not associated with obvious disease symptoms. It is concluded that (1) Vietnam is within the center of origin of most Phytophthora taxa found including Pc and Pr, and (2) Phytophthora clades 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are native to Indochina.
8
Saude, C., O. P. Hurtado-Gonzales, K. H. Lamour et M. K. Hausbeck. « Occurrence and Characterization of a Phytophthora sp. Pathogenic to Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) in Michigan ». Phytopathology® 98, no 10 (octobre 2008) : 1075–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-98-10-1075.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A homothallic Phytophthora sp. was recovered from asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) spears, storage roots, crowns, and stems in northwest and central Michigan in 2004 and 2005. Isolates (n = 131) produced ovoid, nonpapillate, noncaducous sporangia 45 μm long × 26 μm wide and amphigynous oospores of 25 to 30 μm diameter. Mycelial growth was optimum at 25°C with no growth at 5 and 30°C. All isolates were sensitive to 100 ppm mefenoxam. Pathogenicity studies confirmed the ability of the isolates to infect asparagus as well as cucurbits. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of 99 isolates revealed identical fingerprints, with 12 clearly resolved fragments present and no clearly resolved polymorphic fragments, suggesting a single clonal lineage. The internal transcribed spacer regions of representative isolates were homologous with a Phytophthora sp. isolated from diseased asparagus in France and a Phytophthora sp. from agave in Australia. Phylogenetic analysis supports the conclusion that the Phytophthora sp. isolated from asparagus in Michigan is a distinct species, and has been named Phytophthora asparagi.
9
Martin, Deva Aziz Nanda, et Ali Rahmat. « Relationship of Soil Physicochemical Properties and Existence of Phytophthora sp. in Pineapple Plantations ». Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology 2, no 1 (1 avril 2017) : 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v2i1.5991.
Texte intégralRésumé :
One of the tropical fruits with high economic value is pineapple. Pineapple plantation has several limitations, especially in cultivating period and diseases caused by Phytophthora sp. (called heart rot disease). The spread of Phytophthora sp. in pineapple plantation is influenced by physical of soil (called as soil borne pathogen). Here, the purpose of this study was to examine physical properties of soil (compaction), specifically on heart rot disease in pineapple plantation. We used pineaple farm locating in Central Lampung, Indonesia. In this paper, we analyzed the disease impact from the soil compaction point of view. We investigated the difference between soil samples with and without sick plant. The results showed that the disease area were affected by Phytophthora sp. area have high soil compaction. Indeed, this soil condition is good for growing Phytophthora sp.
10
Schwingle, B. W., et R. A. Blanchette. « Host Range Investigations of New, Undescribed, and Common Phytophthora spp. Isolated from Ornamental Nurseries in Minnesota ». Plant Disease 92, no 4 (avril 2008) : 642–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-4-0642.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Eleven woody landscape plants commonly grown in the upper Midwestern United States were inoculated with up to three unnamed Phytophthora taxa (Phytophthora taxon Pgchlamydo, a Phytophthora alni-like isolate [Phytophthora MN14d], and Phytophthora sp. MN1) to explore their host ranges. In addition, P. cactorum, P. citricola, P. citrophthora, P. hedraiandra, and P. nicotianae were used to inoculate plants to further investigate the susceptibilities of plant genera previously found associated with these pathogens, to explore the susceptibility of important landscape plants (i.e., oak) to common ornamental Phytophthora spp., and to prove Koch's postulates. Koch's postulates were completed on fragrant sumac with P. citricola and P. nicotianae and on common lilac with P. citrophthora. A nonwound or wound inoculation technique were used to determine host susceptibility. Phytophthora sp. MN1 caused symptoms on American cranberrybush, bur and red oak, common lilac, fragrant sumac, Norway maple, and ‘P.J.M.’ rhododendron. The newly described organism P. hedraiandra caused disease on American cranberrybush, common lilac, red oak, and ‘Snowdrift’ crabapple. Fragrant sumac and common lilac generally were the most susceptible hosts to all Phytophthora spp. This study demonstrated that many ornamental Phytophthora pathogens have larger potential host ranges than previously known. The biology and ecology of P. hedraiandra and Phytophthora sp. MN1 must be further investigated, and methods for rapid identification should be developed.
Thèses sur le sujet "Phytophthora sp"
1
Bhat, Ravindra G. « Genetics of virulence in Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea / ». The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487687115923584.
Texte intégral
2
Cordier, Christelle. « Bases cellulaires et moléculaires du contrôle biologique de Phytophthora sp. , au niveau des racines, par le champignon endomycorhizogène Glomus Mosseae ». Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS036.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L'endomycorhization préalable de la variété Earlymech de tomate et du clone F12-1 de merisier par G. Mosseae est nécessaire a l'expression de la bioprotection par les champignons endomycorhizogènes vis-à-vis respectivement de Phytophthora Parasitica et Phytophthora Cinnamomi. La mise au point d'une technique d'immunodétection des hyphes de p. Parasitica, pouvant être utilisée aussi bien sur du matériel racinaire frais qu'en immunocytochimie, a permis de démontrer que cet effet bioprotecteur est lié à une réduction du développement du champignon pathogène. Les études de cytologie moléculaire révèlent que les événements cellulaires et moléculaires impliqués dans le contrôle des champignons pathogènes sont différents chez les deux plantes étudiées. L'impact de l'endomycorhization sur p. Parasitica chez la tomate résulte a la fois de l'induction d'une résistance localisée se manifestant dans les tissus endomycorhizés et d'une résistance induite de type systémique s'exprimant dans les parties racinaires ne contenant pas le champignon endomycorhizogène. Ces deux phénomènes sont caractérisés par des réactions pariétales de défense de la plante. D'une part, dans les tissus endomycorhizés, les appositions pariétales riches en callose empêchent l'agent pathogène de pénétrer dans les cellules corticales renfermant les arbuscules de g. Mosseae. D'autre part, la résistance de type systémique induite est associée à la fois à un épaississement de la paroi primaire ou la protéine de défense du groupe PR-1 s'accumule, et à la formation de papilles composées de pectines non estérifiées et de callose, qui empêchent la pénétration du champignon pathogène dans les cellules. Ces événements sont similaires a ceux rencontrés dans les interactions incompatibles plantes-champignons pathogènes. De plus, des molecules de p. Parasitica (glycoprotéine fongique et parasiticéine) semblent sécrétées dans les tissus mycorhizés, ce qui indiquerait un rôle potentiel de ces composés dans la résistance localisée. Par contre, chez le merisier endomycorhizé, on n'observe pas de réaction cellulaires vis-à-vis de p. Cinnamomi comparables à celles de la tomate. Cela suggère que d'autres mécanismes doivent être impliques dans le contrôle par l'endomycorhization de l'attaque par p. Cinnamomi chez cette plante.
3
Howard, Keith Miles. « Effect of soil-applied metalaxyl on tolerance in populations of Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. Glycinea / ». The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487668215807213.
Texte intégral
4
Soriano, Wagner Teixeira. « Avaliação de métodos alternativos no controle de Phytophthora SP em laranja pêra e limão cravo ». Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2011. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/255.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Phytophthora spp are responsible for a major disease of citrus crops. The difficulties of control and the impact caused by the use of agrochemicals have led the search for alternative control methods. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the control of Phytophthora sp using natural products, thermotherapy, and Trichoderma spp rhizobacteria. Experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of manipueira, Ecolife ®, neem oil, eucalyptus oil, citronella oil, oil of Piper aduncum and fungicide (metalaxyl + mancozeb) at different concentrations, as well as the effect of rhizobacteria and Trichoderma spp, on the inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen in potato-dextrose-agar medium. Orange fruits variety pêra inoculated with a suspension of the pathogen (20 sporangia/fruit) were sprayed with oils and plant extracts (5 mL/fruit) or underwent thermotherapy in a water bath, at different temperatures, to assess the ability of the treatments decrease in the percentage of injured areas. Seeds of cravo lemon were microbiolized and sown in test tubes containing water-agar and incubated at 28 °C under constant light, to assess the ability of microorganisms to colonize the root system. In another experiment, microbiolized seeds were sown in pots and infested autoclaved substrate, kept in a greenhouse for 45 days. The incidence of the disease and the promotion of growth were measured at the end of the incubation period. In all tests were used a randomized design and means were compared by Tukey test (5%). Among the concentrations of oils, extracts and the fungicide concentrations stood out: manipueira 20%, citronella oil 1.5%, eucalyptus oil 1.0%, oil of Piper aduncum 0.5%, Ecolife ® 1.0%, neem oil 1.5% and fungicide 2.5 g. L-1 showed that the percentage of inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen, ranging from 73.8% to 100%. Some of rhizobacteria and Trichoderma spp tested were able to inhibit the mycelial growth of the pathogen. Treatment with oil of Piper aduncum presented the injured areas in the smaller fruits with an average of 8.57%. The disease control was obtained treating orange fruits variety pêra at 52 °C for three minutes and 50 °C, 51 ºC, 52 ºC and 53 °C for five minutes. The isolates of rhizobacteria have the ability to colonize the roots of citrus, but Trichoderma spp didn‟t show this behavior. All isolates studied had the ability to control the severity of disease caused by Phytophthora sp under controlled conditions. Alternative methods showed promise in control of Phytophthora sp.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas
Phytophthora spp são responsáveis por uma das principais doenças da cultura dos citros. As dificuldades de controle e o impacto causado pelo uso de agroquímicos têm levado a procura de métodos alternativos de controle. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o controle de Phytophthora sp, utilizando produtos naturais, termoterapia, Trichoderma spp e rizobactérias. Foram realizados experimentos visando avaliar o efeito da manipueira, Ecolife®, óleo de nim, óleo de eucalipto, óleo de citronela, óleo de pimenta-de-macaco e fungicida (metalaxyl + mancozeb) em diferentes concentrações, bem como o efeito de rizobactérias e Trichoderma spp, sobre a inibição do crescimento micelial do patógeno em meio batata-dextrose-ágar. Frutos de laranja pêra inoculados com uma suspensão do patógeno (20 esporângios/fruto) foram pulverizados com os óleos e extratos vegetais (5 mL/fruto) ou foram submetidos à termoterapia em banho-maria, sob diferentes temperaturas, para avaliar a capacidade dos tratamentos em diminuir a porcentagem das áreas lesionadas. Sementes de limão cravo foram microbiolizadas, semeadas em tubos de ensaio contendo Ágar-Água e incubados a 28°C sob luz constante, para avaliar a capacidade dos microrganismos em colonizar o sistema radicular. Em outro ensaio, as sementes microbiolizadas foram semeadas em vasos contendo substrato autoclavado e infestado, mantidos em telado por 45 dias. A incidência da doença e a promoção de crescimento foram avaliados ao final do período de incubação. Em todos os ensaios foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente casualizado e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (5%). Dentre as concentrações de óleos, extratos e do fungicida destacaram-se as concentrações: manipueira 20%, óleo de citronela 1,5%, óleo de eucalipto 1,0%, óleo de pimenta-de-macaco 0,5%, Ecolife® 1,0%, óleo de nim 1,5% e fungicida 2,5 g. L-1 que apresentaram porcentagem de inibição de crescimento micelial do patógeno, variando de 73,8% a 100%. Algumas das rizobactérias testadas e Trichoderma spp foram capazes de inibir o crescimento micelial do patógeno. O tratamento com óleo de pimenta-de-macaco foi o que apresentou as menores áreas lesionadas nos frutos com média de 8,57%. O controle da doença foi obtido tratando-se os frutos de laranja pêra a 52ºC por três minutos e 50ºC, 51ºC, 52ºC e 53ºC por cinco minutos. Os isolados de rizobactérias possuem a capacidade de colonizar as raízes de citros, mas Trichoderma spp não apresentaram esse comportamento. Todos os isolados estudados apresentaram a capacidade de controlar a severidade da doença causada por Phytophthora sp sob condições controladas. Métodos alternativos se mostraram promissores no controle de Phytophthora sp.
5
Fayad, Karine-Paule. « La ß(1,6)-glucanase de Streptomyces sp. EF-14, un actinomycète antagoniste à Phytophthora spp, production, purification et caractérisation ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35675.pdf.
Texte intégral
6
Fayad, Karine-Paule. « La [bêta](1,6)-glucanase de Streptomyces sp. EF-14, un actinomycète antagoniste a Phytophthora spp. production, purification et caractérisation ». Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1997. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4363.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dans le sol, le phénomène d'antibiose entre divers microorganismes résulte en une production d'agents inhibiteurs variés, tels des métabolites secondaires et des enzymes hydrolytiques. Au laboratoire, on a isolé des bactéries, appartenant au groupe des Actinomycètes, antagonistes au Phytophthora. La paroi du Phytophthora est en grande partie constituée de glucanes, lesquels sont des polymères formés de molécules de D-glucose, reliées ensemble par un lien de type [bêta]. Ainsi, les actinomycètes capables de lyser une telle paroi produisent des [bêta]-glucanases. Nous avons étudié les glucanases chez une souche retenue pour ce projet, soit EF-14. Cette souche a été choisie préférentiellement parmi d'autres pour son efficacité a inhiber la croissance du Phytophthora et surtout, pour son excellente production de [bêta]-glucanases. Étant donné la structure particulière des glucanes de la paroi de Phytophthora, une attention spéciale a été portée aux [bêta](1,6)-glucanases. La stratégie de recherche adoptée a été la suivante : la production des [bêta](1,6)-glucanases par la souche EF-14 a été optimisée et standardisée et ce, dans un milieu à base de levure de Candida. Ensuite, nous sommes passes a la purification de la [bêta](1,6)-glucanase. Les protéines extracellulaires produites par EF-14 ont été préalablement précipitées à l'éthanol 95%, puis séparées sur différentes colonnes chromatographiques, jusqu'a homogénéité de la [bêta](1,6)-glucanase. Les caractéristiques biochimiques de cette dernière, telles que le pH et la température optimaux, le poids moléculaire, le Km et le Vmax ont été déterminées. On a enfin pu obtenir la séquence N-terminale en acides aminés de la [bêta](1,6)-glucanase et ce, en vue du clonage du gene codant pour cette meme proteine."--Résumé abrégé par UMI.
7
Fayad, Karine-Paule. « La [bêta] (1,6)-glucanase de Streptomyces sp. EF-14, un actinomycète antagoniste a Phytophthora spp. production, purification et caractérisation / ». [S.l. : s.n.], 1997.
Trouver le texte intégral
8
Rocha, Dediel Júnior Amaral Rocha. « Controle biológico de doenças foliares e murchas do tomateiro pelo uso rizobactérias ». Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2012. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:8080/handle/prefix/3573.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Submitted by Gabriela Lopes (gmachadolopesufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-06-20T16:50:30Z
No. of bitstreams: 2
license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Dissertação Dediel.pdf: 766607 bytes, checksum: 1d7fec62b5b0587e0accd22056511b85 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-06-21T18:58:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Dediel.pdf: 766607 bytes, checksum: 1d7fec62b5b0587e0accd22056511b85 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-21T18:58:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Dediel.pdf: 766607 bytes, checksum: 1d7fec62b5b0587e0accd22056511b85 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
A busca por alternativas no controle de doenças em substituição ao uso intensivo de agrotóxicos tem sido objeto da pesquisa agrícola. Rizobactérias são conhecidas pelo biocontrole de doenças e promoção de crescimento em diversos cultivos. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a eficácia de seis rizobactérias, pré- selecionadas, no controle de Ralstonia solanacearum e Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL), em casa de vegetação e relacionar este comportamento a produção de compostos “in vitro”, bem como avaliar a proteção de plantas de tomate contra doenças da parte aérea que ocorreram naturalmente em condições de campo. Foi avaliada a capacidade destas rizobactérias em produzir quitinases, amilases, lipases, compostos antibióticos e de solubilizar fosfato. A microbiolização das sementes com a rizobactéria DFs1420 (Bacillus sp.) reduziu a severidade da murcha bacteriana em 66% aos 14 dias após a inoculação, no primeiro ensaio e valores de AACPD em 70%, no segundo ensaio. Este controle pode ser associado à produção de compostos responsáveis pela antibiose observada “in vitro”. Streptomyces (DFs1296 e DFs1315) e Bacillus sp. (DFs1414) reduziram significativamente a murcha de fusário. O controle observado pode ser atribuído à atividade quitinolítica e/ou antibiótica por compostos voláteis. Foram instalados três ensaios de campo. A severidade das doenças foliares foi monitorada ao longo do tempo. As rizobactérias foram capazes de proteger as plantas contra Septoria lycopersici. DFs1414 e DFs1421 (Pseudomonas sp.) foram as mais estáveis, proporcionando proteção em dois ensaios consecutivos. As rizobactérias DFs1296 e DFs1420 foram capaz de controlar a requeima (Phytophthora infestans) em dois ensaios. A bactéria DFs1296 também apresentou capacidade de proteção contra estas e outras doenças quando pulverizada semanalmente na parte aérea. De modo geral, o controle alcançado por estas bactérias, microbiolizadas às sementes ou em aplicação foliar, não diferiu dos tratamentos utilizando produtos químicos recomendados para a cultura em aplicações semanais.
The search on alternative control of diseases to replace the use of pesticides has been the subject of agricultural research. Rhizobacteria are known by controlling diseases and promoting growth in several crops. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the efficacy of six rhizobacteria pre-selected for the control of Ralstonia solanacearum and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) in greenhouse, and to relate this behavior with the production of compounds "in vitro", as well as evaluate the protection of tomato plants against foliar diseases under field conditions. It was evaluated the ability of these rhizobacteria to produce chitinases, amylases, lipases, antibiotic compounds and to solubilize phosphate. The seed microbiolization with rhizobacterium DFs1420 (Bacillus sp.) reduced the severity of the bacterial wilt 66% at 14 days after inoculation and AUDPC 70%, respectively, the first and second assays. This control may be associated with the production of compounds responsible for the antibiosis observed "in vitro". Streptomyces (DFs1296 and DFs1315) and Bacillus sp. (DFs1414) significantly reduced fusarium wilt. The control observed can be attributed to the chitinolytic activity and/or antibiosis in the presence of volatile compounds. Three field trials were carried out in field. The foliar diseases severity was monitored over time. The rhizobacteria were capable of protecting plants against Septoria lycopersici. DFs1414 and DFs1421 (Pseudomonas sp.) were the most stable, providing protection in two consecutive trials. The rhizobacteria DFs1296 and DFs1420 were able to control late blight (Phytophthora infestans) in two trials. DFs1296 also had the ability to protect against these and other diseases when sprayed weekly in the plant canopy.In general, the control achieved by these rhizobacteria, by seed microbiolization or by foliar application, did not differ from treatments using recommended chemical in weekly applications.
9
Attitalla, Idress H. « Biological and Molecular Characteristics of Microorganism-Stimulated Defence Response in Lycopersicon esculentum –L ». Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4012.
Texte intégral
10
Marques, Rita M. « Transformation of grey poplar to introduce resistance to Phytophthora sp ». Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/112707.
Texte intégralRésumé :
"Phytophthora cinnamomi is a widespread, aggressive and destructive plant pathogen with a wide variety of economically-relevant host species. One such species is the chestnut tree, Castanea sativa, which has provided an important European food and wood source since the medieval times. A previous transcriptomics and genomics study identified differentially expressed genes on resistant and susceptible chestnut varieties. One of the most promising genes was the GINKBILOBIN2-like (GNK2-like), whose protein, secreted by the roots of Castanea crenata, has a known antifungal domain. This work aimed to transform grey poplar (Populus tremula x alba), a model for trees, with an overexpressed Cast_GNK2-like gene in order to validate the anti-Phytophthora activity of this protein through a heterologous system.(...)"
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Phytophthora sp"
1
Shohet, S., et R. N. Strange. « Properties of a High Molecular Weight Toxin Produced by Phytophthora Drechsleri F. SP. Cajani in Culture ». Dans Phytotoxins and Plant Pathogenesis, 393–94. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73178-5_37.
Texte intégral
2
Pernollet, J. C., C. Nespoulous et J. C. Huet. « Relationships between the Structure, the Movement and the Toxicity of α and β Elicitins Secreted by Phytophthora sp. » Dans Developments in Plant Pathology, 136–39. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1737-1_35.
Texte intégral
3
Morone, C., C. Regnani et A. Matta. « Necrogenous Phytophthora Capsici Cell Wall Components in Relation to Induced Resistance to Fusarium Oxysporum F. SP. Lycopersici in Tomato Plants ». Dans Phytotoxins and Plant Pathogenesis, 483–84. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73178-5_65.
Texte intégral
4
Ahmad, Khairulmazmi, et Tijjani Ahmadu. « Prospect and Potential of Burkholderia sp. Against Phytophthora capsici Leonian : A Causative Agent for Foot Rot Disease of Black Pepper ». Dans Agriculturally Important Microbes for Sustainable Agriculture, 343–74. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5343-6_12.
Texte intégral
5
Harahap, Diannita. « Plant Diseases of Areca Nut ». Dans Nut Crops - New Insights [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107504.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Areca nut has source of complex carbohydrates and natural fiber for humans. Almost all parts of this plant can be utilized. This plant is a commodity with high economic value in Indonesia. Moreover, the daily consumption of areca nut is passed down from generation to generation, a tradition is known as ‘chew Pinang’. The seeds of this plant are always present in the completeness of several traditional events in Indonesia. The development of this plant encountered challenges such as decreased productivity levels due to infection with pathogenic microorganisms. Pathogens that attack areca nut commodities can be in the form of bacteria and fungi. Leaf midrib rot is caused by the mycelia of the pathogenic fungus Athelia rolfsii, in addition to infection with Penicillium sp. during plant growth also results in losses. Phytophthora arecae, Micoplasm-like Organism (MLO), Ganoderma lucidu, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia sp., Pestalotia palmarum Cooke., Cephaleuros sp., Ganoderma lucidum, Fusarium sp., Rhizoctonia sp., Xanthomonas campestris, Ceralostomelia paradox.
6
Shanmugavelu, Mathipriya, et Ganesan Sevugaperumal. « Screening and Potential Uses of Contaminated Spent Mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) ». Dans Emerging Contaminants. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93863.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The commercial production of mushrooms generates a co-product, a virtually inexhaustible supply of spent mushroom substrate (SMS). It represents an ideal growth medium for plants and plant disease suppressive quality. Here we discussed about the contaminated microbial flora of SMS, potential antifungal and plant growth promoting activities, the results of these findings were also discussed in relation to the usage of SMS as a potential product for organic farming. SMS contained moisture content 72%, EC 1.75 mmho.cm−1 and had pH of 6.1. The cellulose and hemicellulose content of paddy straw substrate were 30.25%, 23.18% and 15.31% dry weight respectively. Growth in terms of root and shoot weight of the seedlings of green gram, black gram, tomato and chili were significantly higher when grown in 60% SMS amended soil. Spent mushroom compost from Pleurotus eous used in this study harbored bacterial population including, Bacillus sp., Clostridium sp., Pseudomonas sp. and E. coli. Bacterial isolate B1 was identified as Bacillus sp., isolate B2 was identified as Clostridium sp., isolate B3 as Pseudomonas sp. and B4 as Escherichia coli. These bacterial strains showed significant antagonistic activity against soil borne pathogenic fungi viz., Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Phytophthora sp. and Aspergillus sp.
7
Soytong, Kasem, Somdej Kahonokmedhakul, Jiaojiao Song et Rujira Tongon. « Chaetomium Application in Agriculture ». Dans Technology in Agriculture [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99402.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Chaetomium species for plant disease control are reported to be antagonize many plant pathogens. It is a new broad spectrum biological fungicide from Chaetomium species which firstly discovered and patented No. 6266, International Code: AO 1 N 25/12, and registered as Ketomium® mycofungicide for plant disease control in Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia and China. Chaetoimum biofungicide and biostimulants are applied to implement integrated plant disease control. It showed protective and curative effects in controlling plant disease and promoting plant growth. It has been successfully applied to the infested soils with integrated cultural control for the long-term protection against rice blast (Magnaporte oryzae), durian and black Pepper rot (Piper nigram L.) (Phytophthora palmivora), citrus rot (Phytophthora parasitica) and strawberry rot (Fragaria spp.) caused by Phytophthora cactorum, wilt of tomato (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici), basal rot of corn (Sclerotium rolfsii) and anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) etc. Further research is reported on the other bioactive compounds from active strains of Chaetomium spp. We have discovered various new compounds from Ch. globosum, Ch. cupreum, Ch. elatum, Ch. cochliodes, Ch. brasiliense, Ch. lucknowense, Ch. longirostre and Ch. siamense. These new compounds are not only inhibiting human pathogens (anti-malaria, anti-tuberculosis, anti-cancer cell lines and anti-C. albicans etc) but also plant pathogens as well. These active natural products from different strains of Chaetomium spp. are further developed to be biodegradable nanoparticles from active metabolites as a new discovery of scientific investigation which used to induce plant immunity, namely microbial degradable nano-elicitors for inducing immunity through phytoalexin production in plants e.g. inducing tomato to produce alpha-tomaline against Fusarium wilt of tomato, capsidiol against chili anthracnose, sakuranitin and oryzalexin B against rice blast, scopletin and anthrocyaidin against Phytophthora or Pythium rot Durian and scoparone against Phytophthora or Pythium rot of citrus. Chaetomium biofungicide can be applied instead of toxic chemical fungicides to control plant diseases.
8
NASCIMENTO JUNIOR, Nelson Augusto do, Edna Peixoto da Rocha AMORIM, Izael Oliveira SILVA, Lígia Sampaio REIS, Maria Quitéria Cardoso dos SANTOS, Juliana Paiva CARNAÚBA et Georgia Souza PEIXINHO. « EFEITO DA INCORPORAÇÃO DA CASCA DE MANDIOCA E DA IRRIGAÇÃO NO BIOCONTROLE DA PODRIDÃO DA RAIZ CAUSADA POR PHYTOPHTHORA SP EM MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ ». Dans Biodiversidade, Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Editora Conhecimento Livre, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37423/200702097.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Phytophthora sp"
1
Anugrah, Fauzi Akhbar, Rahmi Masita, Hanumi Oktyani Rusdi et Satrio Anggoro Putra. « Culturable endophytic bacteria obtained from Cinchona Ledgeriana Moens. in West Java and its antagonistic effect against Phytophthora sp. » Dans PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (ISMM2019) : Exploring New Innovation in Metallurgy and Materials. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0002492.
Texte intégralRapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Phytophthora sp"
1
Michel Jr., Frederick C., Harry A. J. Hoitink, Yitzhak Hadar et Dror Minz. Microbial Communities Active in Soil-Induced Systemic Plant Disease Resistance. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586476.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) is a highly variable property that can be induced by compost amendment of potting media and soils. For example, previous studies showed that only 1 of 79 potting mixes prepared with different batches of mature composts produced from several different types of solid wastes were able to suppress the severity of bacterial leaf spot of radish caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae compared with disease on plants produced in a nonamended sphagnum peat mix. In this project, microbial consortia in the rhizosphere of plants grown in ISR-active compost-amended substrates were characterized. The plants used included primarily cucumber but also tomato and radish. Rhizosphere microbial consortia were characterized using multiple molecular tools including DGGE (Israel) and T -RFLP (Ohio) in both ISR-active field plots and potting media. Universal as well as population-specific bacterial and fungal PCR primers were utilized. T -RFLP analyses using universal bacterial primers showed few significant differences in overall bacterial community composition in ISR-active and inactive substrates (Ohio). In addition, the community members which were significantly different varied when different ISR-activecomposts were used (Ohio). To better characterize the shifts in microbial community structure during the development of ISR, population specific molecular tools were developed (Israel, Ohio).-PCR primers were designed to detect and quantify bacterial groups including Pyrenomycetes, Bacillus, Pan toea, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Streptomyces as well as Trichoderma and Fusarium; two groups of fungi that harbor isolates which are ISR active (Isreal and Ohio). Bacterial consortia associated with cucumber plants grown in compost-amended potting mixtures were shown to be dominated by the phylogenetic taxon Bacteroidetes, including members of the genus Chryseobacterium, which in some cases have been shown to be involved in biocontrol (Israel). Nested-PCR-DGGE analyses coupled with long l6S rDNA sequencing, demonstrated that the Chryseobacteriumspp. detected on seed and the root in compost-amended treatments were derived from the compost itself. The most effective ISR inducing rhizobacterial strains were identified as Bacillus sp. based on partial sequencing of l6S rDNA. However, these strains were significantly less effective in reducing the severity of disease than Trichoderma hamatum382 (T382). A procedure was developed for inoculation of a compost-amended substrate with T -382 which consistently induced ISR in cucumber against Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsiciand in radish against bacterial spot (Ohio). Inoculation of compost-amended potting mixes with biocontrol agents such as T -382 and other microbes that induce systemic resistance in plants significantly increased the frequency of systemic disease control obtained with natural compost amendments.
2
Watad, Abed A., Paul Michael Hasegawa, Ray A. Bressan, Alexander Vainstein et Yigal Elad. Osmotin and Osmotin-Like Proteins as a Novel Source for Phytopathogenic Fungal Resistance in Transgenic Carnation and Tomato Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573992.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The goal of this project is to enhance fungal resistance of carnation and tomato through the ectopic expression of osmotin and other pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. The research objectives were to evaluate in vitro antifungal activity of osmotin and osmotin and other PR protein combinations against phytopathogens (including Fusarium oxysporum, Verticillium dahliae, Botrytus cinerea or Phytophthora infestans), develop protocols for efficient transformation of carnation and tomato, express PR proteins in transgenic carnation and tomato and evaluate fungal resistance of transgenic plants. Protocols for microprojectile bombardment and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of carnation were developed that are applicable for the biotechnology of numerous commercial cultivars. Research established an efficient organogenetic regeneration system, optimized gene delivery and transgene expression and defined parameters requisite to the high frequency recovery of transgenic plants. Additionally, an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol was developed for tomato that is applicable for use with numerous commercial varieties. Rigorous selection and reducing the cytokinin level in medium immediately after shoot induction resulted in substantially greater frequency of adventitious shoots that developed defined stems suitable for rooting and reconstitution of transgenic plants. Transformation vectors were constructed for co-expression of genes encoding osmotin and tobacco chitinase Ia or PR-1b. Expression of osmotin, PR-1 and/or chitinase in transgenic carnation mediated a high level resistance of cv. White Sim (susceptible variety) to F. oxysporum f. sp. dianthi, race 2 in greenhouse assays. These plants are being evaluated in field tests. Comprehensive analysis (12 to 17 experiments) indicated that germination of B. cinerea conidia was unaffected by PR protein expression but germ tube elongation was reduced substantially. The disease severity was significantly attenuated by PR protein expression. Constitutive expression of osmotin in transgenic tomato increased resistance to B. cinerea, and P. infestans. Grey mold and late blight resistance was stable through the third selfed generation. The research accomplished in this project will have profound effects on the use of biotechnology to improve carnation and tomato. Transformation protocols that are applicable for efficient stable gene transfer to numerous commercial varieties of carnation and tomato are the foundation for the capacity to bioengineer these crops. The research further establishes that PR proteins provide a measure of enhanced disease resistance. However, considerations of PR protein combinations and conditional regulation and targeting are likely required to achieve; sustained level of resistance.