Articles de revues : « Physicochemical Approach »

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HAMAGUCHI, Hiroo. « Physicochemical Approach to Life ». TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 14, n^o 3 (2009) : 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.14.3_22.

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Defoort, Françoise, Matthieu Campargue, Gilles Ratel, Hélène Miller et Capucine Dupont. « Physicochemical Approach To Blend Biomass ». Energy & ; Fuels 33, n^o 7 (7 mars 2019) : 5820–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b04169.

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van Loosdrecht, Mark C. M., Johannes Lyklema, Willem Norde et Alexander J. B. Zehnder. « Bacterial adhesion : A physicochemical approach ». Microbial Ecology 17, n^o 1 (janvier 1989) : 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02025589.

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Ohgaki, Kazunari, Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Yasuhiro Joden, Atsushi Tsuji et Takaharu Nakagawa. « Physicochemical approach to nanobubble solutions ». Chemical Engineering Science 65, n^o 3 (février 2010) : 1296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2009.10.003.

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Greenbaum, Jonathan, et Mahesh Nirmalan. « Acid–base balance : Stewart's physicochemical approach ». Current Anaesthesia & ; Critical Care 16, n^o 3 (juin 2005) : 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cacc.2005.03.010.

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Iritani, Eiji, et Yasuhito Mukai. « Approach from physicochemical aspects in membrane filtration ». Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 14, n^o 5 (septembre 1997) : 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02707050.

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Lutfiyah, Dhea Sultana, Lili Fitriani, Muhammad Taher et Erizal Zaini. « Crystal Engineering Approach in Physicochemical Properties Modifications of Phytochemical ». Science and Technology Indonesia 7, n^o 3 (28 juillet 2022) : 353–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26554/sti.2022.7.3.353-371.

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Phytochemicals have been used to reduce the risk of diseases and maintain good health and well-being. However, most phytochemicals have a limitation in their physicochemical properties, which can be modified by reforming the shape of the crystals. Therefore, crystal engineering is a promising approach to optimize physicochemical characteristics of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in a phytochemical without altering its pharmacological efficacy. Hence, this paper reviews current strategies for the use of crystal engineering to optimize physicochemical properties of phytochemicals, which is followed by the design of the synthesis and characterization of particular phytochemicals, including piperine (PIP), quercetin (QUE), curcumin (CUR), genistein (GEN), and myricetin (MYR). The literature indicates that crystal engineering of multicomponent crystals (MCCs) enhances phytochemical physicochemical properties, including solubility, dissolution rate, stability, and permeability. The MCCs provide a lower lattice energy and noncovalent bonding, which translate into lower melting points and weak intermolecular interactions that generate greater solubility, higher dissolution rate, and better stability of the APIs. Nevertheless, the absence of reported studies of phytochemical crystal engineering leads to a lack of variation in the selection of coformers, methods of preparation, and improvement of physicochemical properties. Therefore, more extensive evaluation of the design and physicochemical characteristics of phytochemicals using MCCs is necessary and manifests the opportunity to enhance the application of phytochemicals in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Kocherginsky, Nikolai, et Martin Gruebele. « Mechanical approach to chemical transport ». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, n^o 40 (19 septembre 2016) : 11116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1600866113.

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Nonequilibrium thermodynamics describes the rates of transport phenomena with the aid of various thermodynamic forces, but often the phenomenological transport coefficients are not known, and the description is not easily connected with equilibrium relations. We present a simple and intuitive model to address these issues. Our model is based on Lagrangian dynamics for chemical systems with dissipation, so one may think of the model as physicochemical mechanics. Using one main equation, the model allows a systematic derivation of all transport and equilibrium equations, subject to the limitation that heat generated or absorbed in the system must be small for the model to be valid. A table with all major examples of transport and equilibrium processes described using physicochemical mechanics is given. In equilibrium, physicochemical mechanics reduces to standard thermodynamics and the Gibbs–Duhem relation, and we show that the First and Second Laws of thermodynamics are satisfied for our system plus bath model. Out of equilibrium, our model provides relationships between transport coefficients and describes system evolution in the presence of several simultaneous external fields. The model also leads to an extension of the Onsager–Casimir reciprocal relations for properties simultaneously transported by many components.

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Diaztagle-Fernández, José Diaztagle, Ingrid Juliana Moreno-Ladino, Jorge Alfredo Morcillo-Muñoz, Andrés Felipe Morcillo-Muñoz, Luis Alejandro Marcelo-Pinilla et Luis Eduardo Cruz-Martínez. « Comparative analysis of acid-base balance in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock : traditional approach vs. physicochemical approach ». Revista de la Facultad de Medicina 67, n^o 4 (1 octobre 2019) : 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v67n4.65448.

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Introduction: The evaluation of metabolism and the diagnostic classification of acid-base disorders has generated great controversy. Acid-base balance (ABB) is approached by means of the physicochemical and Henderson’s models.Objective: To compare two diagnostic approaches to ABB in patients with severe sepsis.Materials and methods: Prospective, descriptive study conducted in patients with severe sepsis. ABB was analyzed within the first 24 hours. The diagnosis was compared according to each model and the causes of the disorders were compared according to the physicochemical model.Results: 38 patients were included in the study, of which 21 (55%) were women; the mean age was 49 years, the median APACHE II, 13.28, and the mortality at 28 days, 24.3%. The traditional approach identified 8 patients with normal ABB, 20 with metabolic acidosis, and 10 with other disorders. Based on the physicochemical model, all subjects had acidosis and metabolic alkalosis. Increased strong ion difference (SID) was the most frequently observed disorder.Conclusion: The physicochemical model was useful to diagnose more patients with acid-base disorders. According to these results, all cases presented with acidosis and metabolic alkalosis; the most frequent proposed mechanism of acidosis was elevated SID. The nature of these disorders and their clinical relevance is yet to be established.

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Rodríguez-García, J., A. Puig, A. Salvador et I. Hernando. « Funcionality of several cake ingredients : A comprehensive approach ». Czech Journal of Food Sciences 31, No. 4 (19 juillet 2013) : 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/412/2012-cjfs.

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The roles of some cake ingredients – oil, a leavening agent, and inulin – in the structure and physicochemical properties of batter and cakes were studied in four different formulations. Oil played an important role in the batter stability, due to its contribution to increasing batter viscosity and occluding air during mixing. The addition of the leavening agent was crucial to the final height and sponginess of the cakes. When inulin was used as a fat replacer, the absence of oil caused a decrease in the stability of the batter, where larger air bubbles were occluded. Inulin dispersed uniformly in the batter could create a competition for water with the flour components: gluten was not properly hydrated and some starch granules were not fully incorporated into the matrix. Thus, the development of a continuous network was disrupted and the cake was shorter and softer; it contained interconnected air cells in the crumb, and was easily crumbled. The structure studies were decisive to understand the physicochemical properties.  

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Adrogué, Horacio J., et Nicolaos E. Madias. « Assessing Acid-Base Status : Physiologic Versus Physicochemical Approach ». American Journal of Kidney Diseases 68, n^o 5 (novembre 2016) : 793–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.04.023.

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Durand, M., et D. Langevin. « Physicochemical approach to the theory of foam drainage ». European Physical Journal E 7, n^o 1 (janvier 2002) : 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i200101092.

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Turova, N. Ya, E. P. Turevskaya, M. I. Yanovskaya, A. I. Yanovsky, V. G. Kessler et D. E. Tcheboukov. « Physicochemical approach to the studies of metal alkoxides ». Polyhedron 17, n^o 5-6 (mars 1998) : 899–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-5387(97)00256-8.

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Jones, Norman L. « A quantitative physicochemical approach to acid-base physiology ». Clinical Biochemistry 23, n^o 3 (juin 1990) : 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-9120(90)90588-l.

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Savjani, Jignasa Ketan, et Chirag Pathak. « Improvement of physicochemical parameters of acyclovir using cocrystallization approach ». Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 52, n^o 4 (décembre 2016) : 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502016000400017.

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Simonen, Markus, Timo Blomberg, Terhi Pellinen, Michalina Makowska et Jarkko Valtonen. « Curing and ageing of biofluxed bitumen : a physicochemical approach ». Road Materials and Pavement Design 14, n^o 1 (15 janvier 2013) : 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2012.755933.

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Maciel, Alexandre Toledo, et Marcelo Park. « A physicochemical acid-base approach for managing diabetic ketoacidosis ». Clinics 64, n^o 7 (2009) : 714–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1807-59322009000700018.

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Prochazkova, Gita, Nikola Podolova, Ivo Safarik, Vilem Zachleder et Tomas Branyik. « Physicochemical approach to freshwater microalgae harvesting with magnetic particles ». Colloids and Surfaces B : Biointerfaces 112 (décembre 2013) : 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.07.053.

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Watanabe, Naoki, et Masashi Tsuge. « Experimental Approach to Physicochemical Hydrogen Processes on Cosmic Ice Dust ». Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 89, n^o 5 (15 mai 2020) : 051015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpsj.89.051015.

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Nakashima, Shoko, Katsuhiko Yamamoto, Yuta Arai et Yukihiro Ikeda. « Impact of Physicochemical Profiling for Rational Approach on Drug Discovery ». Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 61, n^o 12 (2013) : 1228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.c13-00436.

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Riabtseva, Anna, Leonid I. Kaberov, Jan Kučka, Anna Bogomolova, Petr Stepanek, Sergey K. Filippov et Martin Hruby. « Polyelectrolyte pH-Responsive Protein-Containing Nanoparticles : The Physicochemical Supramolecular Approach ». Langmuir 33, n^o 3 (12 janvier 2017) : 764–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03778.

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Usherov-Marshak, A. V. « Phenomenological approach to building materials development based on physicochemical analysis ». Inorganic Materials 47, n^o 8 (20 juillet 2011) : 926–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020168511080218.

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Özdemir, Zeliha, Birgin Törer, Deniz Hanta, Bilin Cetinkaya, Hande Gulcan et Aylin Tarcan. « Determination of tissue hypoxia by physicochemical approach in premature anemia ». Pediatrics & ; Neonatology 58, n^o 5 (octobre 2017) : 425–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2016.09.003.

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Ma, Tiantian, Chuanqin Yao, Yi Dong, Panpan Yi et Changfu Wei. « Physicochemical approach to evaluating the swelling pressure of expansive soils ». Applied Clay Science 172 (mai 2019) : 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2019.02.011.

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Libório, Alexandre Braga, Elizabeth F. Daher et Manuel Carlos Martins de Castro. « Characterization of acid-base status in maintenance hemodialysis : physicochemical approach ». Journal of Artificial Organs 11, n^o 3 (septembre 2008) : 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10047-008-0419-2.

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Cox, Philip B., Robert J. Gregg et Anil Vasudevan. « Abbott Physicochemical Tiering (APT)—A unified approach to HTS triage ». Bioorganic & ; Medicinal Chemistry 20, n^o 14 (juillet 2012) : 4564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2012.05.047.

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TUROVA, N. Y., E. P. TUREVSKAYA, M. I. YANOVSKAYA, A. I. YANOVSKY, V. G. KESSLER et D. E. TCHEBOUKOV. « ChemInform Abstract : Physicochemical Approach to the Studies of Metal Alkoxides ». ChemInform 29, n^o 34 (20 juin 2010) : no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199834306.

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Lynn, David G., et Stephen C. Meredith. « Review : Model Peptides and the Physicochemical Approach to β-Amyloids ». Journal of Structural Biology 130, n^o 2-3 (juin 2000) : 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsbi.2000.4287.

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Stoppe, Nina, et Rainer Horn. « Microstructural strength of tidal soils – a rheometric approach to develop pedotransfer functions ». Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 66, n^o 1 (1 mars 2018) : 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/johh-2017-0031.

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Abstract Differences in soil stability, especially in visually comparable soils can occur due to microstructural processes and interactions. By investigating these microstructural processes with rheological investigations, it is possible to achieve a better understanding of soil behaviour from the mesoscale (soil aggregates) to macroscale (bulk soil). In this paper, a rheological investigation of the factors influencing microstructural stability of riparian soils was conducted. Homogenized samples of Marshland soils from the riparian zone of the Elbe River (North Germany) were analyzed with amplitude sweeps (AS) under controlled shear deformation in a modular compact rheometer MCR 300 (Anton Paar, Germany) at different matric potentials. A range physicochemical parameters were determined (texture, pH, organic matter, CaCO3 etc.) and these factors were used to parameterize pedotransfer functions. The results indicate a clear dependence of microstructural elasticity on texture and water content. Although the influence of individual physicochemical factors varies depending on texture, the relevant features were identified taking combined effects into account. Thus, stabilizing factors are: organic matter, calcium ions, CaCO3 and pedogenic iron oxides; whereas sodium ions and water content represent structurally unfavorable factors. Based on the determined statistical relationships between rheological and physicochemical parameters, pedotransfer functions (PTF) have been developed.

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Yuan, Jiuchuang, Xuetao Liu, Simin Wang, Chao Chang, Qiao Zeng, Zhengtian Song, Yingdi Jin et al. « Virtual coformer screening by a combined machine learning and physics-based approach ». CrystEngComm 23, n^o 35 (2021) : 6039–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ce00587a.

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Joshi, Sravani, et Ruby Srivastava. « Effect of “magic chlorine” in drug discovery : an in silico approach ». RSC Advances 13, n^o 49 (2023) : 34922–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra06638j.

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Singh, Maan, Harsh Barua, Vaskuri G. S. Sainaga Jyothi, Madhukiran R. Dhondale, Amritha G. Nambiar, Ashish K. Agrawal, Pradeep Kumar, Nalini R. Shastri et Dinesh Kumar. « Cocrystals by Design : A Rational Coformer Selection Approach for Tackling the API Problems ». Pharmaceutics 15, n^o 4 (6 avril 2023) : 1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15041161.

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Active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) with unfavorable physicochemical properties and stability present a significant challenge during their processing into final dosage forms. Cocrystallization of such APIs with suitable coformers is an efficient approach to mitigate the solubility and stability concerns. A considerable number of cocrystal-based products are currently being marketed and show an upward trend. However, to improve the API properties by cocrystallization, coformer selection plays a paramount role. Selection of suitable coformers not only improves the drug’s physicochemical properties but also improves the therapeutic effectiveness and reduces side effects. Numerous coformers have been used till date to prepare pharmaceutically acceptable cocrystals. The carboxylic acid-based coformers, such as fumaric acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, and citric acid, are the most commonly used coformers in the currently marketed cocrystal-based products. Carboxylic acid-based coformers are capable of forming the hydrogen bond and contain smaller carbon chain with the APIs. This review summarizes the role of coformers in improving the physicochemical and pharmaceutical properties of APIs, and deeply explains the utility of afore-mentioned coformers in API cocrystal formation. The review concludes with a brief discussion on the patentability and regulatory issues related to pharmaceutical cocrystals.

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Kocherginsky, Nikolai Meerovich. « Physicochemical Mechanics and Nonequilibrium Chemical Thermodynamics ». Entropy 25, n^o 9 (14 septembre 2023) : 1332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25091332.

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Equilibrium thermodynamics answers the question, “by how much?” Nonequilibrium thermodynamics answers the question “how fast?” The physicochemical mechanics approach presented in this article answers both of these questions. It also gives equilibrium laws and expressions for all major transport coefficients and their relations, which was previously impossible. For example, Onsager’s reciprocal relations only tell us that symmetric transport coefficients are equal, and even for these, the value is often not known. Our new approach, applicable to non-isolated systems, leads to a new formulation of the second law of thermodynamics and agrees with entropy increase in spontaneous processes for isolated systems. Instead of entropy, it is based on a modified Lagrangian formulation which always increases during system evolution, even in the presence of external fields. This article will present numerous examples of physicochemical mechanics can be applied to various transport processes and their equilibriums, including thermodiffusion and different surface processes. It has been proven that the efficiency of a transport process with an actual steady-state flux (as opposed to a reversible process near equilibrium) is 50%. Finally, an analogy between physicochemical mechanics and some social processes is mentioned.

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SreeHarsha, Nagaraja, Jagadeesh G. Hiremath, Swathi Chilukuri, Rajesh Kumar Aitha, Bandar E. Al-Dhubiab, Katharigatta N. Venugopala, Abdullah Mossa Alzahrani et Girish Meravanige. « An Approach to Enhance Dissolution Rate of Tamoxifen Citrate ». BioMed Research International 2019 (20 janvier 2019) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2161348.

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We tested the solubility and dissolution of tamoxifen citrate to ascertain the optimal conditions for faster dissolution. Using the solvent evaporation method and hydrophilic carriers, we formulated tamoxifen citrate (TC) that contained solid dispersions (SDs). We increased the solubility and dissolution rate of TC with a solid dispersion system that consisted of polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and a combination of carriers. Physicochemical characteristics of solubility (mg/ml) were found to be 0.987±0.04 (water), 1.324±0.05 (6.8pH PBS), and 1.156±0.03 (7.4 pH PBS) for F5 formulation, percentage yield was between 98.74 ± 1.11% and 99.06 ± 0.58%, drug content was between 98.06±0.58 and 99.06±1.10, and dissolution studies binary complex showed a faster release of TC as compared to a single polymer and pure drug. Furthermore, thermal properties, physicochemical drug and polymer interaction, crystal properties, and morphology were determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray differential studies, and scanning electron microscopy. We used the same proportion of carrier concentrations of the formulations to calculate the solubility of TC. Our results demonstrated that increased concentrations of β-C yielded an improved solubility of TC, which was two times higher than pure TC. The uniformity in drug content was 97.99 %. A quicker drug release occurred from the binary complex formulation as seen in the dissolution profile. FTIR demonstrated an absence in the physicochemical interaction between the drug and carriers. The drug was also found to be dispersed in the amorphous state as revealed by DSC and XRD. The drug concentration did not vary during various storage conditions. Our in vivo studies demonstrated that SD displayed significantly higher values of Cmax (p < 0.05) and AUC0-24 (p < 0.05) as compared to free TC. Furthermore, Tmax in SD was significantly lower (p < 0.05), as compared to free TC.

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Meesters, J. A. J., J. T. K. Quik, A. A. Koelmans, A. J. Hendriks et D. van de Meent. « Multimedia environmental fate and speciation of engineered nanoparticles : a probabilistic modeling approach ». Environmental Science : Nano 3, n^o 4 (2016) : 715–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6en00081a.

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The robustness of novel multimedia fate models in environmental exposure estimation of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) is clarified by evaluating uncertainties in the emission, physicochemical properties and natural variability in environmental systems.

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Bou, S. J. M. C., A. R. Connolly et A. V. Ellis. « High-throughput physicochemical analysis of thermoresponsive polymers ». Polymer Chemistry 9, n^o 15 (2018) : 1934–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7py02066j.

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A novel high-throughput approach to rapidly measure the lower critical solution temperature, critical micelle concentration and critical micelle temperature of thermoresponsive polymers was developed and utilized to generate a physicochemical ‘MAP’ of a polymer series.

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Gugleva, Viliana, et Velichka Andonova. « Drug delivery to the brain – lipid nanoparticles-based approach ». Pharmacia 70, n^o 1 (3 février 2023) : 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e98838.

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The complex structure of the human brain defines it as one of the most inaccessible organs in terms of drug delivery. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) represents a microvascular network involved in transporting substances between the blood and the central nervous system (CNS) – enabling the entry of nutrients and simultaneously restricting the influx of pathogens and toxins. However, its role as a protective shield for CNS also restricts drug access to the brain. Since many drugs cannot cross the BBB due to unsuitable physicochemical characteristics (i.e., high molecular weight, aqueous solubility, etc.), different technological strategies have been developed to ensure sufficient drug bioavailability. Among these, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are promising approaches thanks to their lipid nature, facilitating their brain uptake, small sizes, and the possibilities for subsequent functionalization to achieve targeted delivery. The review focuses on applying SLNs and NLCs as nanocarriers for brain delivery, outlining the physiological factors of BBB and the physicochemical characteristics of nanocarriers influencing this process. Recent advances in this area have also been summarized.

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Silva, Joana M., Sofia G. Caridade, Nuno M. Oliveira, Rui L. Reis et João F. Mano. « Chitosan–alginate multilayered films with gradients of physicochemical cues ». Journal of Materials Chemistry B 3, n^o 22 (2015) : 4555–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tb00082c.

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A new approach was used to create multilayered films with gradients of physicochemical properties. This approach shows promise for the development of other types of gradients, which will be useful to mimic extracellular architecture.

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Andonegi, Mireia, Ainhoa Irastorza, Ander Izeta, Sara Cabezudo, Koro de la Caba et Pedro Guerrero. « A Green Approach towards Native Collagen Scaffolds : Environmental and Physicochemical Assessment ». Polymers 12, n^o 7 (18 juillet 2020) : 1597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071597.

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Native collagen scaffolds were prepared in this work, in which both materials and environmental approaches were considered with the aim of providing a global strategy towards more sustainable biomaterials. From the environmental perspective, it is worth mentioning that acid and enzymatic treatments have been avoided to extract collagen, allowing the reduction in the use of resources, in terms of chemicals, energy, and time, and leading to a low environmental load of this step in all the impact categories under analysis. With the incorporation of chitosan into the scaffold-forming formulations, physical interactions occurred between collagen and chitosan, but the native collagen structure was preserved, as observed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The incorporation of chitosan also led to more homogenous porous microstructures, with higher elastic moduli and compression resistance for both dry and hydrated scaffolds. Furthermore, hydrated scaffolds preserved their size and shape after some compression cycles.

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Thakur, Abhilash. « QSAR study on benzenesulfonamide ionization constant : physicochemical approach using surface tension ». Arkivoc 2005, n^o 14 (10 juin 2005) : 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/ark.5550190.0006.e06.

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Zhou, Y. X., Q. Nie, Z. Z. Chen et R. Liu. « Analysis of electrical tree ageing in silicone rubber by physicochemical approach ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 183 (1 août 2009) : 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/183/1/012013.

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Liu, Xi, Yulia Ryabenkova et Marco Conte. « Catalytic oxygen activation versus autoxidation for industrial applications : a physicochemical approach ». Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, n^o 2 (2015) : 715–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp03568b.

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CONSTABLE, P. D. « The physicochemical approach for evaluating acid-base balance in exercising horses ». Equine Veterinary Journal 31, S30 (10 juin 2010) : 636–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1999.tb05301.x.

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Vilaplana, J., M. Lecha, C. Trullas, J. Coll, F. Comelles, C. Romaguera et C. Pelejero. « A Physicochemical Approach to Minimize the Irritant Capacity of Anionic Surfactants ». Exogenous Dermatology 1, n^o 1 (2002) : 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000047987.

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Azum, Naved, Andleeb Z. Naqvi, Malik Abdul Rub et Abdullah M. Asiri. « Multi-technique approach towards amphiphilic drug-surfactant interaction : A physicochemical study ». Journal of Molecular Liquids 240 (août 2017) : 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.05.066.

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Michałowski, Tadeusz. « The Generalized Approach to Electrolytic Systems : I. Physicochemical and Analytical Implications ». Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 40, n^o 1 (29 janvier 2010) : 2–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408340903001292.

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Eppley, Barry L., et A. Michael Sadove. « A physicochemical approach to improving free fat graft survival : Preliminary observations ». Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 15, n^o 1 (décembre 1991) : 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02273860.

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Roy, Mahendra Nath, Aditi Roy et Subhadeep Saha. « Probing inclusion complexes of cyclodextrins with amino acids by physicochemical approach ». Carbohydrate Polymers 151 (octobre 2016) : 458–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.100.

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Zarzycki, Paweł K. « Supplementary evaluation of retention and physicochemical data involving multivariate analysis approach ». Journal of Separation Science 39, n^o 24 (18 novembre 2016) : 4781–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201601208.

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Ahmad, Tawseef, Gaganjot Gupta, Anshula Sharma, Baljinder Kaur, Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli et Parvaiz Ahmad. « Multivariate Statistical Approach to Study Spatiotemporal Variations in Water Quality of aHimalayan Urban Fresh Water Lake ». Water 12, n^o 9 (24 août 2020) : 2365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092365.

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Résumé :

Physicochemical parameters determining Dal Lake water quality were evaluated at four different sites during 2016–2017 in four different seasons Spring (April), Summer (July), Autumn (October), and Winter (January). The observed physicochemical values were analyzed by statistical (discriminant analysis) and arithmetic (WQI) methods to ascertain sources and levels of pollution. Discriminant analysis helped to access the contribution of each physicochemical parameter in water quality in the context of sampling sites (spatial) and seasons (temporal) to discriminate pollution loading between sites and as well as seasons. Factors such as temperature, alkalinity, ammoniacal nitrogen, total phosphorous, and orthophosphorous exhibited a strong contribution in the discrimination of sampling sites, while factors such as temperature, alkalinity, hardness, BOD, nitrate nitrogen, and total phosphorous exhibited a strong contribution in the discrimination of sampling seasons. The WQI values for four sampling sites were calculated and indicated that the water at Site I was the most contaminated followed by Site IV, while Site III was the least contaminated. Thus, highlighting that the pressure of anthropogenic activities is subjecting Dal Lake to an unnatural death.

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