Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Phraséotraduction »

Phraseotranslation: Problems, Methods, Concepts The aim of the article is to signal the difficulties and problems that appear when phraseology is translated. The author presents the process of phraseotranslation and selected methods and concepts that are used in translating various polylexical phraseological structures. Furthermore, she analyses the very idea of phraseotranslation as a scholarly term and in relation to the interdisciplinary field of research. An effective translation implies equivalent messages in two different linguistic codes, which becomes extremely difficult in case of phraseology. The multiple-word structures entrenched in natural languages are therefore a major challenge in the process of translation and can be a prominent difficulty even for professional translators.

Abstract The major task of this paper is the implementation of new emerging phraseological disciplines, such as phraseodidactics and phraseotranslation. The author discusses the attempt to specify and deploy those new disciplines. Taking into account a wide range of phraseological phenomena in all natural languages and the need to implement effective glottodidactis and translation, the development of phraseodidactics and phraseotranslation may appear to be useful and of high importance. Phraseodidactics, also known as didactics of phraseology, is a new emerging research discipline within the scope of applied linguistics. It is an interdisciplinary field with elements of phraseology, glottodidactics, as well as contrastive linguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics and sociolinguistics. The term phraseodidactics has a Germanic etymology (phraseodidaktik) and became present in the literature primarily through the work of German authors such as H.H.Lüger (1997, 2001) and S.Ettinger (1998). Nonetheless, the very concept of phraseodidactics and the discipline to which it relates still are not widespread. Phraseodidactics, in accordance with its objectives, examines the processes associated with the natural assimilation of collocations, idioms, proverbs and other reproducible word forms in the mother language, and, foremost, processes related to the teaching and learning of these structures in the second and subsequent languages. Idiomatic expressions are understood here as established combinations of at least two words with a reproducible character. The scope of phraseology also includes compound words and fixed collocations. In other words, the didactics of phraseology aspires to deal with everything that is associated with the most effective teaching and learning of broadly understood phraseology. On the other hand, phraseotranslation, as a specialized interdisciplinary science postulated in this text, is situated at the crossroads of phraseology, translation studies, contrastive studies and phraseodidactics. Recently there is a growing need for an efficient interlinguistic translation; the education of future translators of foreign languages develops more and more, but the problem of phraseologization in translation is still very rarely undertaken in scientific research. An effective translation implies equivalent messages in two different linguistic codes, which becomes extremely difficult in case of phraseology. The multiple-word structures entrenched in natural languages are therefore a major challenge in the process of translation and can be a prominent difficulty even for professional translators. At present, the need of the development of phraseological competences in the process of the didactics of foreign languages is obvious. The lack of an idiomatic understanding of speaker's language can cause serious distortions in the process of verbal communication. That is why each foreign language learner should aim at mastering receptive phraseological competences. When it comes to the level of the language production, what is the most important is the acquisition of such expressions that are most needed in user's idiolect. The needs within the scope of phraseological competences are much bigger in the case of foreign language teachers or translators to be, whose phraseological competences should be highly-developed not only in terms of reception, but also at the productive level. Thus, one should not avoid such needs in educational processes.

Nous exposons dans cet article des difficultés émergeant de la comparaison entre les unités phraséologiques du français et celles du chinois. Les écarts linguistiques et métalinguistiques font qu’il est impossible d’obtenir une correspondance terminologique stricte entre les unités phraséologiques de ces deux langues. Plusieurs taxinomies issues de la phraséologie comparative proposent de faire appel à la notion d’équivalence pour contourner ce problème et de réaliser ainsi une correspondance interlinguistique de ces unités selon leur degré d’équivalence. Néanmoins, cette solution, basée sur des analyses sémantiques et syntaxiques des constituants, ne se fait pas sans peine. Avec des exemples concrets, nous mettons en lumière les limites des critères employés dans les taxinomies existantes et effectuons une sélection raisonnée de ceux qui paraissent les plus pertinents. Notre étude fait apparaître le caractère approximatif de la notion d’équivalence et fait valoir un traitement plus souple de cette notion lorsqu’elle est appliquée au domaine de la phraséologie comparative ainsi qu’aux autres domaines annexes, telle que la phraséotraduction et la phraséodidactique.

L’objet de cette thèse doctorale est d’étudier le transfert interlinguistique des collocations verbo-nominales dans la traduction littéraire, en analysant en détail 6578 exemples concrets. Le corpus de cette thèse est constitué d’œuvres de l’écrivain français contemporain Michel Houellebecq et, plus précisément, de ses sept premiers romans en langue originale, le français, et de leurs versions en deux langues, l’italien et le polonais. Les productions littéraires incluses dans le corpus de l’étude ont été publiées sur un quart de siècle, à savoir entre 1994 et 2019. La combinaison des systèmes linguistiques étudiés dans cette étude n’est pas fortuite et présente un intérêt particulier. D’une part, l’italien, la première langue cible, est une langue romane, ce qui signifie qu’elle appartient à la même famille linguistique que la langue de départ de la traduction, le français. D’autre part, la deuxième langue cible, le polonais, appartient à la famille des langues slaves, ce qui signifie qu’elle est génétiquement plus éloignée de la langue de départ. Dans notre étude, nous nous sommes attaché à présenter la régularité d’utilisation par les traducteurs des solutions de traduction observées, en tenant compte des différents aspects, sous-types et catégories de collocations verbo-nominales. Nous avons analysé, entre autres, l’influence de la structure syntaxique des collocations, leur appartenance à des classes sémantiques particulières, et les préférences des traducteurs littéraires italiens et polonais dans le choix des techniques de traduction
This doctoral thesis aims to examine the interlingual transfer of verbal-nominal collocations in literary translation by analyzing in detail 6,578 examples. The corpus of the thesis consists of the first seven novels by the contemporary French writer Michel Houellebecq, published over a quarter of a century, namely between 1994 and 2019. The corpus includes the novels in their original language — French — and their translations into two other languages — Italian and Polish. The combination of language systems chosen for this study is particularly fascinating and not coincidental. Firstly, Italian, as the first target language, is a Romance language, meaning it belongs to the same linguistic family as the novel’s original language, French. Secondly, the second target language, Polish, belongs to the family of Slavic languages, meaning it is genetically more distant from the source language. Notably, this thesis presents the regularity in the translators’ use of the observed translation solutions, considering different aspects, subtypes, and categories of verbal-nominal collocations. Among other things, the thesis analyses the influence of the syntactic structure of collocations, their belonging to particular semantic classes, and the preferences of both Italian and Polish literary translators in the choice of particular techniques