Thèses sur le sujet « Penale economia »
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SEGALA, GLORIA. « Il principio di economia processuale ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/52354.
Texte intégralD'ALTILIA, LETIZIA. « Il "nuovo" reato di false comunicazioni sociali : aspetti di criticità e profili di comparazione ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241233.
Texte intégralThe reformed system of criminalisation of false accounting, as configured by law n. 69 of 2015, is characterised by a high degree of indeterminacy, as multiple elements are entrusted to the judge’s discretionary assessment, as the problem of evaluations has immediately revealed. With the aim of trying to better analyze the contents of the reform, the thesis begins with a historical survey regarding the evolution of the crime figure in Italian legal framework, followed by a comparison with other systems, of civil law and common law. The result is disconcerting. In particular, it can be seen that, as compared to the 2002 reform, the law introduced by the 2015 reform represents more than a progress, rather a regression; moreover, it would seem that the changes recently made to the type of crime in question have made the national legislation “nearest” to that of other capitalist countries, but from the systematic point of view, even under this aspect, remains the doubts deriving from the vagueness of the concept of “materiality” (as shown by the Anglo-Saxon experience), the disappearance of the element of the damage from the general case of crime (articles 2621 e 2622 c.c.) and the reappearance in the “minor” cases referred to in articles 2621-bis and 2621-ter c.c. and, more generally, from the possible relegation to a purely publicistic dimension of the interests offended by the crime, rather than to the individual patrimonial sphere of the recipients of falsehood. In such a context, the only possible prospect is that of a rigorous reading assigning to the normative data the strictest meaning possible, as suggested by the preeminent role of formal legality within Italian criminal system.
Escresa, Guillermo Laarni <1974>. « Reexamining the Role of Incarceration and Stigma in Criminal Law ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4241/1/escresa_guillermo_laarni_tesi.pdf.
Texte intégralEscresa, Guillermo Laarni <1974>. « Reexamining the Role of Incarceration and Stigma in Criminal Law ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4241/.
Texte intégralDELL'OSSO, ALAIN MARIA. « Il contrasto alla circolazione di capitali illeciti : potenzialità e limiti dello strumento penale ». Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1230.
Texte intégralMoney-laundering is an extremely wide and complex phenomenon. Indeed, the first part of the work is focused on the analysis of how money is laundered: which are the most relevant predicate offenses; the techniques used to make money appear legal; the attempts to measure how much money is laundered; the impacts of money-laundering on economy. It’s clear the importance of a strong reaction against money-laundering to prevent the damages coming from it. The problem is understanding the role that criminal law has to play in such struggle. Criminalization can’t be the only solution; it’s rather prominent the use - inter alia - of preventive measures (such as reporting suspicious transactions)and seizure. The second part of the work recalls international efforts to combat money-laundering: multilateral conventions, FATF Recommendations, etc. After that, the attention is focused on American and Spanish legislation, taken as specific examples of how to criminalize money-laundering. The third part of the research concerns Italian law: the offences of money-laundering, the so called preventive law (i.e. d.lgs. 231/2007) and the law of seizure. Some proposals of review are given for each kind of section.
DELL'OSSO, ALAIN MARIA. « Il contrasto alla circolazione di capitali illeciti : potenzialità e limiti dello strumento penale ». Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1230.
Texte intégralMoney-laundering is an extremely wide and complex phenomenon. Indeed, the first part of the work is focused on the analysis of how money is laundered: which are the most relevant predicate offenses; the techniques used to make money appear legal; the attempts to measure how much money is laundered; the impacts of money-laundering on economy. It’s clear the importance of a strong reaction against money-laundering to prevent the damages coming from it. The problem is understanding the role that criminal law has to play in such struggle. Criminalization can’t be the only solution; it’s rather prominent the use - inter alia - of preventive measures (such as reporting suspicious transactions)and seizure. The second part of the work recalls international efforts to combat money-laundering: multilateral conventions, FATF Recommendations, etc. After that, the attention is focused on American and Spanish legislation, taken as specific examples of how to criminalize money-laundering. The third part of the research concerns Italian law: the offences of money-laundering, the so called preventive law (i.e. d.lgs. 231/2007) and the law of seizure. Some proposals of review are given for each kind of section.
Marinello, Eva <1988>. « I vizi di bilancio : dall'invalidità delle delibere di approvazione del bilancio alle false comunicazioni sociali. I postulati di chiarezza, veridicità e correttezza in bilico tra la tutela civilistica e quella penale, i nuovi orizzonti sulla trasparenza societaria e gli auspicabili interventi legislativi ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2185.
Texte intégralDI, BUCCIO STEFANIA. « LA BONIFICA DELL¿AGEVOLAZIONE MAFIOSA NEL CAMPO IMPRENDITORIALE ATTRAVERSO I MODELLI DELLA PREVENZIONE MITE.IL METODO DELLA 'PROFILASSI ANTIMAFIA BY DESIGN' ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/860306.
Texte intégralTermine, Anna. « La rilevanza penale delle cd. condotte neutrali degli operatori economici nell’ordinamento domestico e nell’ambito della giustizia penale internazionale ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Brescia, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/11379/568737.
Texte intégralThis work aims at analyzing the individual responsibility of businessmen as a result of their involvement in international crimes, through the so called neutral acts, under domestic criminal law. For this purpose, at first, their liability will be evaluated in the framework of international criminal justice and, in particular, in the context of the Statute of the International Criminal Court. In doing so, the proceedings occurred after the Second World War will be studied, where a number of businessmen were prosecuted for various forms of involvement in gross human rights violations, together with the most important judgments before domestic civil and criminal courts, concerning the conducts of economic actors and occurred during the most recent years in some countries. Then, the main modes of liability under the Rome Statute will be analyzed in order to investigate the most suitable one to address businessmen responsibility for their “neutral acts”. Later, this responsibility will be considered within the national legal system. After having examined whether proceedings involving the complicity of economic actors in international crimes occurred or are taking place in the domestic jurisdiction, the topic of “neutral acts” will be investigated. For this purpose, it will be studied the case-law, that during the years has dealt with the different forms of “professional” or “daily” conducts, both in terms of aiding and abetting and complicity, and the opinions put forth by domestic law scholars, evaluating their problems and the most appropriate tool in the context with which we are dealing. In the end, it will be analyzed whether and how the legal categories elaborated in the domestic legal system are suitable to address the responsibility of businessmen for their involvement in international crimes.
TORTORELLI, Monica. « Cause di non punibilità e reati economici ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi del Molise, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11695/66254.
Texte intégralThe present essay investigates the actual operational way of the general category of impunity, in relation to the main offenses of the Italian criminal economic system. The goal of the present research is to elucidate on the degree to what the law-making method used by the legislator regarding the extent of impunity is tailored around the objectives of criminal policy. Then, the single elements of criminal significance are scrutinized as regards some categories of economic offenses, such as tax, corporate – in particular false accounting – and bankruptcy offenses. The exact regulation, together with the actual functioning and application of the above offenses will be analyzed. The essay then singles out the punishable facts in other and more general areas of the economic criminal law, with a view to describing impunity in strategic domains of the criminal-economic system, such as in the safety of workplace and environmental protection. Successively, in order to offer a more ample description of the institution of impunity, a comparative analysis with the German and Anglo-Saxon will be outlined, in particular with regard to the different ways of disciplining the phenomenon. Finally, an attempt to describe both the effectiveness and systemic coherence of the current regulation will be made, and possible corrections to the hypotheses of lack of coordination among indictment techniques, the need for protection underlying the criminal offenses at stake, and the general rules governing the exclusion or limitation of punishment will be drafted.
AGOSTINO, LORENZO. « Il giudizio di secondo grado. Garanzie dell’imputato ed efficienza processuale ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1085242.
Texte intégralOlsson, Gustavo André. « Ciência econômica e direito penal sob a perspectiva sistêmica ». Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2013. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3247.
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CNPQ – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Este trabalho investiga a pretensão da Análise Econômica do Direito Penal em contribuir na maneira pela qual o Direito se relaciona com a sociedade contemporânea. Aquela se sustenta na utilização de instrumentos de análise da Ciência Econômica a respeito do comportamento dos seres humanos em sociedade. Investiga o efeito dos incentivos (em um sentido amplo), mensurando as respostas dos "agentes racionais" (mesmo com racionalidade limitada). Nesse contexto, a intenção das análises econômicas consiste em complexificar a perspectiva jurídica a respeito do comportamento humano, no sentido de encontrar melhor responsividade social em relação ao ordenamento jurídico, sobretudo fazendo uso de pesquisas empíricas. Assim, partindo de uma reconstrução da Análise Econômica do Direito Penal, desde o texto seminal de Gary Becker (1968), a pesquisa discute os avanços internos daquela perspectiva, assim como os aportes provenientes da Economia Comportamental. Esse enfoque é assumido em razão de, por si só, a Economia Comportamental (da mesma maneira que as análises empíricas) ser capaz de auxiliar na construção/evolução da dogmática do Direito. Por fim, investiga-se, com fundamentação da Teoria dos Sistemas, a possibilidade de acomplamentos entre os aportes da Ciência Econômica (como comunicação do Sistema da Ciência ou da Economia) em relação ao Sistema do Direito, especialmente considerando as dificuldades de racionalidades consequencialistas, como as propostas ligadas ao agente racional (que reage aos incentivos - ainda que limitadamente, com viéses e com heurísticas de decisão). O resultado considera a possibilidade de ganhos para o Direito, especialmente na maneira de como as normas jurídicas podem ser planejadas e terem sua eficiência e efetividade mensuradas; de outro lado, sugere-se atenção às pesquisas (e a realização de novas) a respeito da percepção e da responsividade dos destinatários das normas jurídicas. Da mesma forma, verificou-se dificuldades para que o Direito alcance objetivos sociais diante da contingência e dos riscos nas sociedades contemporâneas, segundo a perspectiva da Teoria dos Sistemas Sociais.
This research studies the role of the Economic Analysis of Criminal Law in order to verify how it might contributes with the Law in contemporary society. Economic analysis is based on the use of analytical tools of Economic Science with the aim to investigate the way in which humans beings behave in society. Actually, it investigates the effect of incentives (in a broad sense) in human behavior. In this context, the intention of the Law and Economics analysis is to complexify the legal perspective regarding human behavior to find better social responsiveness, in relation to changes in the legal system. Thus, based on a reconstruction of the Economic Analysis of Criminal Law, from the Gary Becker’s seminal text (1968), this research discusses the internal progress of that perspective, and especially the criticism added on it from Behavioral Economics. This approach was chosen because Behavioral Economics, by itself, could be able to assist in the construction of the dogmatic view of Law. Finally, it was investigate, based on System Theory, the theoretical relationship between the contributions of Economic Science (as communications of System Science or Economics) in relation to the System of Law, especially considering the difficulties of “consequentialist rationalities”, as related to the “rational agent” (that reacts to incentives, even with bounded rationality, biases and heuristics of decision). The result suggests the possibility of gains for the Law, especially in the way of how legal rules can be planned and might have measured their efficiency and effectiveness, considering the way of how recipients perceive (and react) to rules changing. In the same perspective, it might be difficult to Law reach social goals in a social contingent and risky society, from the perspective of the Theory of Social Systems.
Caldeira, Felipe Machado. « Direito penal bancário : a tutela penal do banco e do crédito ». Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1616.
Texte intégralThe contemporary criminal law presents itself as a large area to development, notably the phenomenon of economic globalization and regional integration which has fueled the development of new technologies and, consequently, the criminal offenses. Moreover, the contemporary economy gained constitutional contours and justify its criminal custody. This is the binomial internacionalization-constitutionalization of criminal law that economic crimes were developed. As part of this crime, the bank starts to operate as an important instrument, also may appear as a victim, and the credit as the material object of the economic crime, revealing the contours necessary for the study of banking criminal law. Settled the legitimacy and limits of this new area in the criminal law, arises the need for its study.
Horn, Manuela Bittar. « O duplo nível de legalidade e os crimes contra a economia popular no direito penal autoritário ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/107095.
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A presente dissertação aborda os Crimes Contra a Economia Popular na cultura jurídico-penal brasileira e italiana durante os Regimes Autoritários de Getúlio Vargas e Mussolini, em que embora houvesse muita semelhança no que alude aos crimes julgados pelo Tribunal Militar, houve uma ruptura do Brasil com sistema Fascista italiano no que se refere a esse crime em específico. As modificações introduzidas pelo regime de Getúlio Vargas teriam acarretado diferenças com o modelo italiano, contudo, produzindo um duplo nível de legalidade penal no que se refere a esse crime e seu julgamento. Para demonstrar isso, dividiu-se o trabalho em três capítulos: o primeiro examina os fundamentos do Duplo Nível de Legalidade, recorrendo à tradição penalística italiana dos séculos XIX e XX e o entendimento político e jurídico nacional acerca do tema; o segundo, verifica os fundamentos dogmáticos dos Crimes contra a Economia Popular, fazendo um comparativo entre o sistema penal autoritário italiano e brasileiro, analisando seus principais institutos, especialmente os tipos penais e as regras processuais especiais à luz da doutrina jurídica da época; por fim, o terceiro, faz uma análise da jurisprudência do período, relativos a casos de aplicação das leis referentes aos Crimes Contra a Economia Popular das décadas destacadas a fim de verificar até que ponto o direito penal político de Vargas criou esse segundo nível de legalidade e quais foram as intenções governamentais em tratar tal delito em legislação especial.
Abstract : The present dissertation addresses the culture of the Crimes Against Popular Economy in the legal criminal Brazilian and Italian Authoritarian Regimes during Getúlio Vargas and Mussolini governement, that although there were many similarities in what refers to crimes prosecuted by the Military Court, there was a break in Brazil with Italian Fascist system in relation to this crime in particular. The changes introduced by the Vargas regime would have entailed differences with the Italian model, however, producing a double level of criminal legality in relation to this crime and its trial. In order to demonstrate this, the work was divided into three chapters: the first examines the basis of the Double Level of Legality Principle, using the Italian penalística tradition of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and national legal and political understandings on the subject; the second verifies the basis of the Crimes Against Popular Economy making a comparison between the Italian and Brazilian authoritative criminal justice system, analyzing its key institutions, especially the criminal types and special procedural rules in light of the legal doctrine of that time; and finally, the third, makes an analysis of the jurisprudence of the period, relating to cases of enforcement of laws referring to Crimes Against Popular Economy of the highlighted decades in order to ascertain to what extent the political criminal law of Vargas created this second level of legality and what were the intentions of the government in dealing with such offense in an special legislation.
Ciaglia, Gemma. « Prevenzione e garanzie individuali : controllo accertamento e imputazione nella criminalità comune e in quella economica ». Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/1317.
Texte intégralLe misure di prevenzione costituiscono uno dei maggiori strumenti di contrasto alla criminalità organizzata. Nel contesto di un diritto penale sempre di più a due velocità, connotato da reazioni differenziate a seconda delle caratteristiche tipologiche dell'autore del reato, l'analisi del sistema normativo consegna un risultato eterogeno, fondato su meccanismi di attribuzione della responsabilità penale dove modelli diversificati corrispondono a diversi tipi di criminalità... [ a cura dell'autore]
XI n.s.
Ingrassia, A. « OMISSIONE IMPROPRIA E REATO ECONOMICO. LA RESPONSABILITÀ PER OMESSO IMPEDIMENTO DEL REATO ALTRUI ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/234165.
Texte intégralSilva, Robson Antonio Galvão da. « O tratamento jurídico-penal do erro no direito penal socioeconômico / Robson Antonio Galvão da Silva ; orientador, Rodrigo Sánchez Rios ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_PR, 2009. http://www.biblioteca.pucpr.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1364.
Texte intégralInclui bibliografias
Há consenso na doutrina ao se afirmar que o setor relativo ao Direito penal socioeconômico possui determinadas peculiaridades que permitem individualizá-lo e que servem para o diferenciar dos outros setores que tradicionalmente foram enquadrados no Direit
Desde el punto de vista doctrinario hay consenso cuando se afirma que el sector relativo al Derecho penal socioeconómico posee determinadas peculiaridades que permiten individualizarlo y que sirven para diferenciarlo de otros sectores que tradicionalmente
Souza, Luciano Anderson de. « Análise da legitimidade da proteção penal da ordem econômica ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2136/tde-10092012-152423/.
Texte intégralThe imperiousness of effective protection of the economic environment seems undeniable today. The structure of post-industrial capitalist system reveals, paradoxically, features unwanted by the existing mode of production, which the contemporary sociology understands as the reflexivity of risk society. In this sense, the economic agents undertake conduct detrimental to the conformation of the economic society, undermining the smooth functioning of the economy itself. In this context, the law, especially the criminal law, is used to try to head them off. It happens that such employment of legal and judicial branch clashes with their traditional boundaries, delineated since the Enlightenment. Complex economic behavior are criminally prohibited, in most cases through typifying proactive formulations, which are inconsistent and display as mere means of behavioral conformation, subject to administrative jurisdiction, which leads to the administrativization of the criminal law. The present study is then undertaken to investigate the legitimacy of Economic Criminal Law. Initially, it will examine the history of the intersection between criminal law and economy, aiming at finding a possible evolutionary trait. Then it will define what is meant by Economic Criminal Law, and whether it would be necessary and possible to subsume it to the protected interest theory. Having identified the economic order as an object of penal protection, its outlines will be verified in the Brazilian legal system, as well as problems arising from its dogmatic construction. After that will be investigated, respectively, and in a complementary way, the attempt to the penal protection of the economic order in the face of the concept of criminal harmfulness, since it signals at this point a violation from the typical formulations commonly edited, and the possibility or not of justification of the penal protection in the economic area because of the theory of cumulative criminal offense, which dispenses with the measurement of actual harmfulness. Will be analyzed sequentially, theories that intend to equate the administrativization of criminal law, highlighting the proposed administrative-punitive. Finally, the conclusion will be the search for the best legal construction of the rules for economic infractions, limiting the role of criminal law in this context.
González, Caro Jaime Patricio. « Mercado de valores y el nuevo proceso penal ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/113569.
Texte intégralNo autorizada por el autor para ser publicada a texto completo
En nuestro país ha comenzado a funcionar, ya hace algún tiempo, el proceso penal oral, el cual intenta venir a corregir los defectos, ya tan documentados, que tenía el anterior procedimiento penal. El objetivo de esta tesis es poder determinar si, en relación a los delitos tipificados en la ley de Mercado de Valores, es necesaria alguna adaptación especial del sistema procesal para hacer frente a los mismos, poniendo énfasis en su carácter económico y la profunda ingerencia que su comisión pudiere tener en nuestro sistema de libre mercado. La conclusión final del trabajo es que se avanza en el camino correcto al limitar las acciones penales a determinadas conductas y requiriéndose, en ciertos casos, la investigación previa de la Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros, como ente especializado en estas materias, posibilitando siempre salidas alternativas al juicio oral. Por último, adhiriéndome a la tesis que en la determinación de ciertas conductas humanas como delito, existe siempre un bien jurídico protegido, estimo que, en el caso particular de los delitos establecidos en la ley de Mercado de Valores, debe abandonarse definitivamente el concepto de Orden Público Económico, de contenido tan ambiguo, y buscar el fundamento de los delitos estudiados en los conceptos de derechos fundamentales, libertad de contratación y respeto a la propiedad privada.
Ghazali, Suriati. « Socio-economic changes in the peri-urban villages in Penang, Malaysia ». Thesis, University of Leeds, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402430.
Texte intégralPalazzi, Leonardo. « O caráter preventivo do Processo Penal nos delitos empresariais ». Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6267.
Texte intégralThe purpose of this paper is to examine criminal, dogmatic and politicalcriminal statements on preventive procedural proposals regarding economic crimes, especially entrepreneur offenses, however narrowing its content. To do so, some legal procedural specificities of the preventive treatment of economic offences are addressed in a selective manner, as this is the only method that makes this paper viable. After the introduction, Chapter Two places the subject of this paper in the criminal context in which the entrepreneur crime is committed, and in view of legal omission, proposes a definition based on its characteristics. Still, on Chapter Two, it has been verified legal criminal treatment under domestic and worldwide juridical rule towards economic order, and shows the fundamental rights and guarantees that must be observed under economic criminal control. Chapter Three deals with the justification for criminal intervention and dogmatic interactions both constitutional and criminal-political, specifically of methods devised by functionalism with a view to precaution through the Criminal Law. Chapter Four, key point of this paper, rely broadly on procedural treatment towards economic crimes, seen as decisive perspective for preventive purposes of the Economic Criminal Law
A presente dissertação busca fazer a leitura das proposições criminológicas, dogmáticas e político-criminais sobre as propostas processuais preventivas quanto aos crimes econômicos, especialmente na figura dos delitos empresariais, sem deixar de delimitar o seu conteúdo. Para tanto, são abordadas de maneira seletiva e somente dessa forma seria viável a presente dissertação , algumas particularidades jurídico-processuais no tratamento preventivo dos delitos econômicos. Após a introdução do tema, o Capítulo 2 cumpriu situar o objeto de estudo no contexto criminológico em que se desenvolve o crime empresarial, propondo-se, diante da omissão legal, uma definição baseada nas suas características. Ainda no Capítulo 2, passou-se ao tratamento jurídico-penal conferido pela ordem jurídica interna e internacional à ordem econômica, bem como a demonstração dos direitos e garantias fundamentais que devem ser observados ao controle da criminalidade econômica. O Capítulo 3 trata da justificativa da intervenção penal e as interações dogmáticas, constitucionais e político-criminais contemporâneas, especificamente dos métodos desenvolvidos pelo funcionalismo, com vistas à precaução no Direito Penal. O Capítulo 4, como ponto chave da dissertação, aborda seletivamente o tratamento processual destinado à criminalidade econômica, como perspectiva decisiva para delimitação dos fins preventivos do Direito Penal Econômico
Nordquist, Johanna, et Ida Saranpää. « The motherhood earnings penalty : The case of Sweden ». Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96366.
Texte intégralCampana, Eduardo Luiz Michelan. « A fundamentação constitucional da tutela penal da ordem econômica ». Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5533.
Texte intégralThis dissertation analyzes the constitutional economic order as a value source of Criminal Law. The research starts by analyzing the impact on the criminal systems of the different conceptions of State, checking on the features of Criminal Law in a Democratic and Social Rule-of-Law State. Analyzing constitutional criminal principles and values, constitutional theories on the criminal-juridical good, constitutional subpoenas, Economic Criminal Law and dispositions that establish the formal economic Constitution, allows for evaluation of the foundation present in the Federal Constitution of 1988 for criminal liability regarding proceedings that harm, or put in harm s ways the economic order. The supraindividual goods established by the Constitution form the social basis of the Rule-of-Law and require their enforcement and protection so as to perform social justice, including by punitive state interventions in new scopes, among which the economic order stands out. From the ruling content and meaning of the various constitutional provisions that it brings, which are in accordance with the Republic's foundations and objectives, it is particularly noticeable the relevance and axiological density of the Brazilian democratic state s economic order. The principles, foundations and objectives of the economic order reveal constitutional values of undisputable importance, a safe direction to attest its criminal value, supporting the investigation about the lack of legal protection, legitimizing the criminalization of procedures that result in social harm, besides authorizing a discussion about criminalization clauses. Constitutional foundation for legal protection of the economic order leads necessarily to the study of adequate instruments to face economic crimes, which requires an approach of Criminal Economic Law, a criminal right that involves danger or risk, resorting to open criminal types, blank criminal regulations and analogical interpretation, all of which are tools that, when adequately applied, seek to confer effectiveness to the punitive state s intervention for the protection of the economic order
O presente trabalho analisa a ordem econômica constitucional como uma fonte valorativa do Direito Penal. A investigação inicia-se com o impacto sobre o sistema punitivo das diferentes concepções de Estado, verificando-se quais as características do Direito Penal de um Estado Democrático e Social de Direito. A análise dos princípios e valores constitucionais penais, das teorias constitucionais sobre o bem jurídico-penal, dos mandados constitucionais de criminalização, dos institutos de Direito Penal Econômico e dos dispositivos que integram a Constituição econômica formal permite aquilatar o fundamento existente na Constituição Federal de 1988 para a intervenção penal com relação às condutas que lesionam ou colocam em perigo a ordem econômica. Os bens supraindividuais consagrados em nossa Lei Maior integram o núcleo social do Estado de Direito e reclamam sua promoção e proteção para a realização da justiça social, inclusive por meio da intervenção punitiva estatal em novos âmbitos, dentre os quais se destaca a ordem econômica. Do conteúdo e significado dos diversos dispositivos constitucionais que a disciplinam, os quais guardam congruência com os fundamentos e objetivos da República, avultam a relevância e a densidade axiológica da ordem econômica no Estado Democrático brasileiro. Os princípios, fundamentos e objetivos da ordem econômica revelam valores constitucionais de inegável importância, norte seguro para a aferição de sua dignidade penal, alavancando a investigação sobre o juízo de carência de tutela penal, legitimando a criminalização de condutas que a afetam com danosidade social, além de autorizarem a discussão sobre a existência de cláusulas de criminalização. A fundamentação constitucional da tutela penal da ordem econômica conduz necessariamente ao estudo do instrumental adequado para o enfrentamento da criminalidade econômica, o que demanda uma necessária abordagem do Direito Penal Econômico, um direito penal de perigo ou de risco, que se vale de tipos penais abertos, normas penais em branco e da interpretação analógica, ferramentas que, adequadamente empregadas, buscam conferir efetividade à intervenção punitiva estatal para a proteção da ordem econômica
Silva, Daniel Addor. « Legitimação de constitucional do direito penal econônico : elementos para interpretação de um direito penal em sintonia com a economia de mercado / Daniel Addor Silva ; orientador, Rodrigo Sánchez Rios ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_PR, 2012. http://www.biblioteca.pucpr.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2152.
Texte intégralBibliografia: p. 199-218
O estudo analisa a legitimação constitucional do direito penal econômico, tendo em mente a identificação de elementos que possam subsidiar uma interpretação de um direito penal em sintonia com a economia de mercado. Para tanto, busca-se analisar de que fo
The study analyzes the constitutional legitimacy of the economic criminal law, bearing in mind the identification of elements that may support an interpretation of a criminal law in tune with the market economy. Therefore, it seeks to analyze how economic
Marinangelo, Isabel. « O Direito Penal na tutela da ordem econômica ». Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6910.
Texte intégralThis paper deals with the role of the Criminal Law in the protection of the Economic Order, addressing some of the key discussions and questions on the subject. Therefore, using the literature about the topic, which already is vast, this study analyzes: (i) the actual need for appropriate criminal protection of the Economic Order, considering the historical events that demonstrated how human activities against this juridical good could be harmful to society ; (ii) the compatibility of the existence of transindividual rights with the Brazilian legal order, from the perspective of the Doctrine of the Protection of Legal Goods; (iii) the compatibility of the criminal protection of the Economic Order with the precepts of Democratic State of law, reflecting on the adequacy of the procedures already used with this aim, in particular, the crime of abstract danger. Therefore, this study aims at assisting the discussions that have been held on the proposed theme, which is currently very popular, due to the repercussions and consequences it generates in the modern world
O presente trabalho versa sobre o papel do Direito Penal na tutela da Ordem Econômica, abordando algumas das principais discussões e questionamentos sobre a matéria. Para tanto, com o uso da já vasta bibliografia existente sobre o tema, o estudo abarca: (i) a necessidade da adequada tutela penal da Ordem Econômica para a atualidade, considerando os eventos históricos que demonstraram o quão nocivas à sociedade podem ser condutas humanas prejudiciais a este bem jurídico; (ii) a compatibilidade da existência de bens jurídicos transindividuais com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, sob a ótica da Teoria do Bem Jurídico; e (iii) a compatibilidade da tutela penal da Ordem Econômica com os preceitos do Estado Democrático de Direito, refletindo sobre a adequação das formas já utilizadas com esse desiderato, em especial, os crimes de perigo abstrato. Este trabalho objetiva, assim, auxiliar de alguma forma as discussões que têm sido travadas acerca do tema proposto, muito em voga atualmente, por todas as repercussões e consequências que geram para o mundo moderno
VILLAR, ELENA. « THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF CHILDBIRTH. NEW EVIDENCE FROM PERSONNEL DATA ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/198958.
Texte intégralUsing a unique 12-years (2005-2016) panel of personnel records from a large company in France, this work investigates the economic consequences of childbirth along the intensive and extensive fertility margins. The literature on the child effect along the intensive margins is well established, but mostly descriptive, with few works addressing causality of the child effects. This issue is explored in Chapter 2, dedicated to the estimation of the causal impact of having a third child among employees with two children through the exploitation of exogenous variation in fertility induced by twin birth at second pregnancy. Instead, research on the labor market effects of turning into parenthood is less developed and lacks of studies on company data with specific measures of adjustments in individual behavior at the workplace. This topic is developed in Chapter 3, in which an event study approach is used to follow the trajectories of earnings and careers of new parents around the timing of first childbirth. Results show that the labor market effect of having a child (extensive fertility margins) is negative and large for women, null for men. More importantly, the penalty for becoming mother is long-lasting: 8 years after the birth of the first child, women in the firm are earning around 9% less than comparable childless female employees. This penalization is larger than the reduction in total pay estimated along the intensive fertility margins, which accounted for a 3% penalty for having a third child among women with two children. The main message of this work is that a family friendly institutional context, mainly based on generous leave policies, is not enough to sustain mothers after childbirth. A key solution stands in the definition of a working environment effectively supportive of mothers’ productivity.
Miguel, Ilídio José. « A harmonização do direito penal econômico em face da integração regional na África Austral ». Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3347.
Texte intégralA dissertação analisa as possibilidades e apresenta os pressupostos para harmonização do Direito Penal Económico na África Austral. Nela trabalha-se com a hipótese de que o referido processo é inexorável no âmbito da integração regional. Para o efeito, são abordadas questões criminologicas, exigências político-criminais bem como dogmáticas que permitam propor a referida harmonização legislativas, na perspectiva do direito a constituir. É destacada a pertinência de se empreenderem reformas nas legislações penais dos Estados-membros, com vista a atender aos ilícitos econômicos, considerando que a acentuada disparidade legislativa é um factor que, de certa forma, pode cercear as acções que têm sido realizadas no âmbito da prevenção e combate a criminalidade econômica na região. Disserta-se sobre as peculiaridades do delinquente e especificidades da delinquência econômica ao nível da SADC e, seguidamente, se descreve a forma de concretização da almejada harmonização, tendo como base dois estudos realizados sobre a matéria e igual número de modelos, os quais priorizam dois eixos, designadamente: o eixo dos delitos e o das penas; sendo que no primeiro descata-se a necessidade de uniformizar não só as condutas delituosas a tipificar, mas, sobretudo a técnica para sua tipificação. Como segundo eixo, aborda-se a pertinência de se aproximar as medidas de reação penal as sanções penais. Por fim, em sede da conclusão realça-se a existência de fundamentos e requisitos dogmáticos, político-criminais e criminológicos que permitem realizar a harmonização do Direito penal econômico na SADC, como medida necessária para a prevenção e represão da criminalidade econômica transnacional, intrínsecamente ligada aos processos da globalização e de integração regional em curso.
The dissertation analyzes the possibilities and presents the conditions to achieve the harmonization of Economic Criminal Law in Southern Africa. In this view, the dissertation deal with criminological, criminal policy as well as dogmatic issues in order to propose such desired legislative harmonization and aiming to address the interrelationship between the various forces that support and those that hinder penal harmonization. As a main hypothesis, the dissertation considers that the criminal legislative harmonization is a necessary process in the context of regional integration, especially for those countries located in regions with close economic and political ties (as it is the case of southern African countries). Its emphasized the relevance of undertaking reforms on the SADCs members-states nationals criminal laws in order to improve prevention and combating economic crimes, as far as the differences on the members-states internal criminal legislations is a concern in the region. Is described the characteristics of the delinquents as well as the economic crimes on the SADC region. In this view, is explained how to undertake the desired harmonization, based on two studies and the same number of models related to the harmonization of economic criminal law. It is proposed that the harmonization process has to be made in two axes, mainly: the axis of the offenses and of the penalties. On the first degree is explained the need to harmonize the actions to be legally qualified as economic crimes as well as the legal mechanism for their legal provision. In the second axis is mentioned the issues regarded to the harmonization of criminal penalties. Finally, in the conclusion is underlined and demonstrated the presence of considerable factors and requirements towards the harmonization of economic criminal law in SADC, as it is a necessary measure to protect intra-state economic and financial interests, the common regional objectives as well as to prevent and combat transnational economic crimes, which is, indeed, strongly linked to the worldwide globalization and to the knit regional integration process.
Matta, Marcelo Cabistani da. « A sanção penal entre o crime e o potencial criminoso : uma abordagem jurídico-econômico da pena ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/14267.
Texte intégralThe goal of this work is to present an analysis concerning the criminal's behavior in relation to the quantity of punishment foreseen in the Brazilian Penal Code, having as fundaments the economic theory of crime and the penal legislation presented. In a first moment, it does an explanation of the evolution of the penal sanction, pointing out the theories that explain the purposes of the punishment. It does emphasis for two great theoretical groups: absolute theories of the punishment, that it uses the penalty as retribution, and the relative theories of the punishment, that it utilizes the penal sanction as an instrument to impede that new crimes happen (prevention). In the sequence, it presents the economic basic model of crime, developed by Becker (1968) and their theoretical fundaments in Beccaria (1764), in Bentham (1781) and in the theory of the rational choice. It is explained that the economic model of crime is framed among the relative theories of the punishment (prevention). It shows that the institute of the punishment is one of the main mechanisms that the State uses to alter the potentials offenders' behavior. It is explained that the Brazilian criminal system establishes as purpose of the punishment as much the retribution as the prevention. However, considering that the criminal is a rational being, capable to anticipate the amount of punishment that would be subject case was captured and convict, it concludes that the penality, in the context of the Brazilian legislation, loses its essential purpose of prevention, once the criminal agent verifies that his "real" cost is smaller than his "potential" cost. In this way, even though in the national criminal system, the punishment has as purpose the retribution and the prevention, it is possible to note that the characteristics of the prevention have been reduced, making the crime as one other activity, susceptible to be accomplished by those who want to do that.
MAGNOLO, FABIO. « La confisca dei proventi dei reati economici e i terzi ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/199165.
Texte intégralMy research concern the protection of the third parties in relation of the confiscation of proceeds of crime. In particular, it’s possible to distinguish three categories of “thirds”: - the variegated category of subjects who have a specific pretense on the specific asset object of the confiscation (titular of right of property, to lease, etc.), against the interest of the State to remove the dangerous criminal product; - the subjects who have an interest to preserve the integrity of the assets of the criminal (creditors), against the claim of the Public Authorities to ablate the illicit proceeds; - - the diversified category of subjects who have a gain in the prosecution of the economic activity (the stakeholder: employees, supplies, creditors, small investors, etc.).
Magalhães, Vlamir Costa. « A delinquência na era do direito penal constitucional : por uma reinterpretação do binômio tipicidade-pena à luz da constituição de 1988 ». Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1532.
Texte intégralThe study examine some of the most important aspects of the phenomenon of state intervention in the economic and social area, particularly, with regard to criminal law as an instrument of protection of social interests and values cherished and constitutionally enshrined in this field. For this, was addressed the factual and legislative history of the constitutional economic-social as the object of Economic Law and Economic Criminal Law. From there, outlining the main characteristics and peculiarities of modern economic crime, and found their striking effect today. These factors require the adaptation of the Criminal Law by reviewing some of its dogmas. Finally, are woven proposals to recast the traditional thinking about the typical structure and penalties for crimes committed in the face of economic and social order.
Jiménez, Carbayo Victor. « La responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas en la economía española. Problemas generales y propuestas de solución ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672287.
Texte intégralLa responsabilitat penal de les persones jurídiques a Espanya es va introduir amb la reforma del Codi Penal donada per la Llei Orgànica 5/2010, de 22 de juny. Després de deu anys de desenvolupament legal, doctrinal i jurisprudencial, encara queden força interrogants, si bé ja es tenen prou elements com per a començar a fer les primeres valoracions sobre el seu funcionament pràctic. En la present recerca s'aborden les principals problemàtiques que presenta la regulació actualment vigent en aquest àmbit, analitzant-se, des d'una perspectiva pràctica, el funcionament de les diferents figures que conformen la responsabilitat penal de les persones jurídiques a Espanya i les friccions amb la pràctica que més sovint es donen. Més detalladament, les exposicions i argumentacions d'aquesta recerca es divideixen en dues parts: una sobre l'anàlisi en profunditat de l'estat actual de la qüestió i una altra sobre la proposta de solucions com a conseqüència de l'anàlisi anterior. La primera part se subdivideix en tres capítols. En el primer, es descriuen les característiques principals de l'economia espanyola des del punt de vista del que interessa a la present recerca. Naturalment, seria inabastable (i quedaria totalment fora del nostre objectiu) fer un estudi en profunditat de l'economia espanyola actual, però sí resulta interessant conèixer, si més no breument, quin és el context econòmic en el qual s'està desenvolupant la regulació en matèria de responsabilitat penal de persones jurídiques. El segon capítol analitza els articles de la Part General del CP que versen sobre aquesta matèria, posant-se l'accent principalment en les qüestions que, en la pràctica, resulten més rellevants (és a dir, la regulació dels articles 31 bis-31 quinquies CP, els Programes de Compliment Normatiu juntament amb els seus elements adjacents i el sistema de penes). El tercer capítol analitza amb deteniment els delictes pels quals poden respondre les persones jurídiques que resulten de més comuna observació (amb independència de l'habitual de la seva comissió, tot i que la veritat és que coincideix en la major part de casos). En aquesta anàlisi, tant doctrinal com, sobretot, jurisprudencial, s'han examinat els mateixos punts per cada delicte o grup de delictes, sempre des d'un punt de vista pràctic. La segona part d'aquesta recerca pretén donar resposta a tots aquells punts que, en els tres primers capítols, s'ha descobert que més friccionen amb la realitat. Així, es proposen les bases d'un Codi Penal dirigit a les persones jurídiques, però no en forma d'articles dins de l'actual CP, sinó com un cos legal totalment nou. Aquestes propostes de lege ferenda estan orientades a adaptar la regulació actual a la realitat econòmic- empresarial espanyola, fugint de models teòrics i centrant-nos en les característiques de la nostra economia. Es proposa, a més, la redacció d'un Reglament que desenvolupi la pena de la intervenció judicial, tal com apunta l'actual art. 33.7 CP in fine, com a solució a la desproporció punitiva del sistema espanyol de responsabilitat penal de les persones jurídiques. Amb tot, es pretén donar resposta a la pregunta de si la regulació que ha donat el legislador en aquest àmbit s'adequa a la realitat o si, per contra, requereix de modificacions (i, en tal cas, quins serien), arribant-se a la conclusió que no es tracta d'una regulació veritablement coherent amb el nostre sistema econòmic i que s'hauria de modificar, centrant-la en la realitat econòmic-empresarial espanyola.
The criminal liability of legal persons in Spain was introduced with the reform of the Criminal Code given by Organic Law 5/2010, there are still a few questions, although there are already enough elements to begin to make the first assessments about its practical operation. This research addresses the main problems presented by the regulations currently in force in this area, analysing, from a practical perspective, the functioning of the different figures that make up the criminal liability of legal persons in Spain and the friction with the practice that occurs most frequently. In more detail, the presentations and arguments of this research are divided into two parts: one on the in-depth analysis of the current state of the art and the other on the proposal of solutions as a consequence of the previous analysis. The first part is further subdivided into three chapters. In the first, the main characteristics of the Spanish economy are described from the point of view of what is of interest to the present investigation; naturally, it would be unembraceable (and totally outside our objective) to make an in-depth study of the current Spanish economy, but it is interesting to know, even briefly, what is the economic context in which the regulation of criminal liability of legal persons is being developed. The second chapter analyses the articles of the General Part of the Penal Code that deal with this matter, placing special emphasis on the issues that are most relevant in practice (i.e. the regulation of articles 31 bis-31 quinquies of the Criminal Code, the Regulatory Compliance Programmes together with their related elements and the system of penalties). The third chapter analyses in detail the crimes for which the most commonly observed legal persons can be held liable (regardless of the habitual nature of their commission, although it is true that it coincides in most cases); in this analysis, both doctrinal and, above all, jurisprudential, the same points have been examined for each crime or group of crimes, always from a practical point of view. The second part of this research aims to respond to all those points which, in the first three chapters, have been found to dislodge with reality. Thus, the bases of a Criminal Code aimed at legal persons are proposed, but not in the form of articles within the current Criminal Code, but as a completely new legal body. These lege ferenda proposals are aimed at adapting the current regulation to the Spanish economic and business reality, avoiding theoretical models and focusing on the characteristics of our economy. It is also proposed the drafting of a Regulation that develops the penalty of judicial intervention, as pointed out in the current art. 33.7 of the Criminal Code in fine, as a solution to the punitive disproportion of the Spanish system of criminal liability of legal persons. However, the aim is to answer the question of whether the regulation given by the legislator in this area adapts to reality or whether, on the contrary, it requires modifications (and, if so, what they would be), reaching the conclusion that it is not a regulation that is truly coherent with our economic system and that it should be modified, focusing it on the Spanish economic-business reality.
Lopes, Georges Amauri. « Fundamentos do controle penal sobre a ordem econômica : a criminalidade empresarial ». Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2007. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1189.
Texte intégralIf it is true that the contemporary societies are extremely complex, formed by many subgroups owner of different values, there is no reason to deny that all of them agree on a minimum of morality and types of behaviors necessary to make any pacific union in the society possible. The elements which are in that agreement are learned by the socialization procedure, and are sustained and protected by the informal social control in a first moment. When this control is no longer effective those fundamental elements and social conditions are at risk, the State must bring to itself the formal social control, which is made by the penal law, one of the many instruments that exist for it. Many of the fundamental social conditions may be put on danger by acts in the economic activity specifically. This paper intends to legitimate the economic penal law as a way of protecting the fundamental social conditions necessary for a pacific, fair and equal social life, which may be offended by abusive acts of the economic power.
Em que pese ser a contemporaneidade caracterizada por uma sociedade altamente complexa, na qual podem ser encontrados diversos sub-grupos orientados por valores ou padrões comportamentais diversificados, não se nega haver um mínimo consenso ético sem o qual não se faria possível a existência de qualquer coesão pacífica. Os elementos espirituais que a compõem são ensinados no processo de socialização e assegurados, num primeiro momento, pelo controle social informal. Quando este não se mostra mais capaz a tanto e bens jurídicos essenciais estão sob risco, o Estado tem o dever de chamar para si o controle social formal, constituindo-se o direito penal em um dos instrumentos existentes. Vários daqueles bens jurídicos podem ser lesionados por atos manifestados especificamente na atividade econômica. Esta dissertação tem por escopo fundamentar o direito penal econômico como meio de proteção aos bens jurídicos essenciais à coexistência social pacífica, justa e igualitária que podem ser colocados em risco pelos atos abusivos do poder econômico.
Orchard, Louis Xavier. « The effects of bonus vs. penalty incentives in a laboratory market setting ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288941.
Texte intégralMagadla, Sibahle Siphokazi Sinalo. « Does a Child Penalty Exist in the Post-apartheid South African Labour Market ? » Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29486.
Texte intégralRodrigues, Fillipe Azevedo. « An?lise econ?mica da expans?o do direito penal ». Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13952.
Texte intégralAborda a evolu??o hist?rica das liberdades individuais, a partir de apontamentos pertinentes ao constitucionalismo liberal, ? forma??o do Estado de Direito e ao advento dos regimes democr?ticos amparados em direitos fundamentais. Pretende, quanto aos direitos fundamentais, mostrar diversas classifica??es, fun??es, crit?rios e conceitos, al?m da sistematiza??o de gera??es ou dimens?es de direitos. Discorre acerca da teoria dos limites aos limites, ao lado de teorias correlatas em prof?cua confronta??o doutrin?ria, tudo com fins a estruturar os conceitos basilares de direitos de liberdade, que orientam o restante da obra. Trata do cen?rio hist?rico-jur?dico do surgimento da An?lise Econ?mica do Direito (AED), consistente, sobretudo, no jusrealismo norte-americano, abordado, em paralelo, com o realismo jur?dico escandinavo. Aplica conceitos e premissas de microeconomia ao Direito Penal, com ?nfase para a investiga??o do comportamento criminoso empreendida pela Economia do Crime. Avan?a n?o apenas restrito ? perspectiva te?rica, trazendo dados emp?ricos e implica??es concretas da teoria econ?mica dos delitos e das penas, que ser?o reconhecidos na evolu??o e redu??o da criminalidade, nas pol?ticas de desarmamento, na estrutura??o empresarial do narcotr?fico, bem como na otimiza??o da administra??o penitenci?ria brasileira a fim de concretizar o preconizado pela legisla??o de execu??o penal. Desenvolve estudo a partir da leitura hist?rica do Direito Penal, passando pelos conceitos de sociedade complexa e de riscos. Analisa, ap?s fixados tais pressupostos, algumas causas do processo de expans?o do Direito Penal com vistas a identificar propostas alternativas ao hiperpunitivismo hodierno, preservando-se, assim, os direitos de liberdade que sustentam o Estado Democr?tico de Direito. Prop?e uma desconstru??o do conceito jur?dico do princ?pio da efici?ncia administrativa, demonstrando como seu conte?do normativo foi demasiadamente mitigado pela recep??o prec?ria dos respectivos elementos econ?micos por parte da doutrina e da jurisprud?ncia p?tria. Ressalta a import?ncia jur?dica da efici?ncia econ?mica, devidamente harmonizada com os demais princ?pios constitucionais, por for?a do instrumental anal?tico da AED Positiva. Investiga criticamente algumas teorias sociol?gicas tendentes ao funcionalismo penal, sob referenciais de efici?ncia e de direitos de liberdade. Almeja, ao final, propor a AED como alternativa ? expans?o funcionalista e irracional dos tipos e san??es criminais, de modo que a aproxima??o entre Economia do Crime, efici?ncia econ?mica e Direito Penal contribua para blindar os direitos de liberdade das vicissitudes t?picas da sociedade contempor?nea
Cifuentes, S. Julio, et K. Tomás J. Frenck. « La persecución penal de la colusión en Chile : análisis desde la libre competencia y derecho penal del nuevo delito introducido por la Ley 20.945 ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/150334.
Texte intégralLa presente investigación tiene por objeto estudiar el nuevo tipo penal por delitos de colusión introducido por la ley 20.945, bajo la perspectiva de dos grandes ramas involucradas: la libre competencia y el derecho penal. En el capítulo primero haremos referencia a conceptos previos que son necesarios para contextualizar cabalmente la presente investigación. En el capítulo segundo, resumiremos los principales fundamentos que la doctrina ha desarrollado para efectos de criminalizar el delito de colusión. En el capítulo tercero, abordaremos el tratamiento comparado que algunas legislaciones le han otorgado al delito de carteles. Por su parte, en el capítulo cuarto haremos mención al origen e historia de la criminalización de las prácticas colusorias en nuestro país. Luego, en el capítulo quinto, analizaremos el tipo penal de colusión desde el punto de vista del derecho penal, es decir, cuál es el bien jurídico protegido y cuáles son los elementos del tipo y los principales desafíos que presenta la nueva regulación. Por último, sintetizaremos las principales conclusiones que alcanzamos a lo largo del presente trabajo
20/04/2019
Conway, Carol Elizabeth. « Direito econômico sancionador : coordenação das esferas administrativa e penal em matéria de abuso de poder econômico ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2133/tde-11022015-083027/.
Texte intégralThe Brazilian Constitution, following the modern trend to empower the public administration to develop tasks that goes beyond the classic policy powers and direct services, fixed as a goal to be implemented by them the achievement of a environment that combines, in one side, the social freedom, with special attention to the development of the human dignity and the overall development of the country, and, in the other side, the freedom of corporate initiative, as a premise of the capitalism. Under a infracontitucional point of view, to reach these goals is necessary to think about the role of the law itself, to search for methods that can give a solution to the hard- but not impossible- task of equalize the two sides mentioned above. The Economic Law is the answer to the achievement of the goal, thanks to its methodological vocation to integrate the traditional law topics, approximating legal theory and the human and markets behavior. Starting from the study of the sanction, this work talks about the need of a better coordination between administrative and criminal law, both legitimate under Brazilian law to punish those who violate the competition and freedom of initiative, which is necessary to achieve the new constitutional goals. Along the work it will be analyzed theoretical and legal aspects of administrative and criminal law to identify the aspects that needs a better coordination in terms of authority cooperation incentives and effectiveness, although the authorities remains independent to enforce the law. It will be also analyzed the overseas legislation and way of coordination between administrative and criminal authorities, and in the end of the work there will be some suggestions of law modifications and a doctrinaire principle. Considering the creation of several agencies that develop jurisdictional functions to contribute to the balance of constitutional goals mentioned above without the intention to substitute courts just as Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica- CADE- the Brazilian competition authority- there is even more relevant to apply the principle of criminal law subsidiary and the due process of law in the field of administrative law and its procedural. The fortification of the process structure favors not only the individual but also the society as a whole, as its output is a better system to prevent and punish misconducts that derives of the certainty of punishment in cases of economic power abuse.
Pisarcik, KateLynn. « Determinants of the Death Penalty : An International Approach ». Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1485525653945287.
Texte intégralBeck, Francis Rafael. « A criminalidade de colarinho branco e a necessária investigação contemporânea a partir do Brasil : uma (re)leitura do discurso da impunidade quanto aos delitos do “Andar de Cima” ». Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2013. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4597.
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UNISINOS - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos
SINPRO/RS - Sindicato dos Professores do Ensino Privado do Rio Grande do Sul
De uma colônia inicialmente sem maior importância, o Brasil tornou-se um dos protagonistas no novo cenário mundial. É preciso agora que essa evolução alcance o Direito Penal, com suporte na Constituição Federal de 1988. No entanto, é necessário conferir ao texto constitucional uma função transformadora, com destaque à busca da concretização de uma Constituição Dirigente (e Compromissória), passando pelas discussões em torno do neoconstitucionalismo, até alcançar o Constitucionalismo Contemporâneo. A mudança de um governo autoritário para uma democracia obriga a uma revisão de todo o sistema repressivo, especialmente o jurídico-penal, sem que se desconsiderem as necessárias reflexões acerca das influências da globalização, da sociedade do risco e da expansão do Direito Penal, ainda não suficientemente compreendidos. No que tange aos crimes de colarinho branco, existe uma grande polêmica em torno da sua definição, alternando correntes subjetivas (que levam em conta as características do agente), objetivas (com base no modus operandi) e mistas. A ideia de que os poderosos recebem um tratamento benevolente por parte da Justiça penal é tão frequente que a tarefa de justificá-la é muito mais complexa do que poderia parecer à primeira vista, sendo inclusive contrariada por algumas análises recentes. Para a investigação realizada na presente tese, foram usadas como parâmetro seis categorias de crimes com maior identificação em relação aos crimes de colarinho branco: crimes contra o sistema financeiro nacional, crimes contra a ordem tributária, crimes contra a ordem econômica, crimes licitatórios, crimes contra a ordem previdenciária e lavagem de dinheiro. Em relação ao processo de criminalização primária, constatou-se que a média de apenamento dos crimes de colarinho investigados (41,93 meses), é 61% superior à média dos crimes patrimoniais sem violência ou grave ameaça (25,94 meses), afastando um mito difundido no senso comum. Ademais, a legislação penal produzida após 1988, intencionalmente ou não, realiza uma consolidação jurídico-penal do conteúdo normativo da Constituição Federal, especialmente no que tange aos bens jurídicos supra-individuais vinculados aos colarinhos brancos, seja pelo número de leis criadas ou modificadas, seja pelas penas previstas. Da mesma forma, os projetos legislativos em relação à temática possuem a mesma tendência de incremento punitivo. No que tange ao processo de criminalização secundária, ganha especial destaque o COAF, que centraliza todas as comunicações, inclusive as previamente encaminhadas aos demais órgãos (BACEN, CVM, SUSEP e PREVIC). As operações realizadas pela Polícia Federal, em relação aos crimes de colarinho branco, aumentaram 1.500% entre os anos de 2003 e 2010. No entanto, entre 2006 e 2012, o número de inquéritos policiais instaurados pelo órgão foi reduzido em 60%. O Ministério Público não possui informações unificadas sobre denúncias oferecidas. Em relação ao Judiciário brasileiro, entre os anos de 2000 e 2012, não só os crimes de colarinho branco ensejaram um maior número de decisões nos tribunais pesquisados, como também resultaram em um número muito grande de decisões condenatórias, bastante superior ao de absolvições e extinções da punibilidade. A execução penal, no entanto, continua com o perfil de presos jovens, pardos, com grau de instrução baixo, e que cometem (principalmente) crimes contra o patrimônio.
Of a colony without greater importance, Brazil has become one of the protagonists on new world scenario. Now it’s necessary that this evolution reaches the Criminal Law, supported in 1988 Constitution. However, it’s necessary to give constitutional text a transforming function, with emphasis on the pursuit of achieving a Leadind (and Compromissory) Constitution, passing through discussions around neoconstitutionalism, until reaching Contemporary Constitutionalism. The change from an authoritarian government to a democracy requires a review of the whole repressive system, especially the criminal legal, without disregard the necessary reflections concerning the globalization, risk, society and criminal law expansion influences, not yet sufficiently understood. With regard to white collar crimes, there is great polemics concerning its definition, by switching subjectives (which take into account the agent characteristics), objectives (based on modus operandi) and mixed currents. The idea that the powerful ones receive a benevolent treatment by the criminal justice is so frequent that the task of justify it is much more complex than it might seem view, being including contradicted by some recent analyzes. For the investigation carried out this thesis were used as a parameter six categories of crimes with greater identification with respect to white collar crimes: crimes against the national financial system, the tax system crimes, crimes against the economy, bidding crimes, crimes against the social security and money laundering. Regarding the process of primary criminalization, it was observed that the entrapment average on the white collar crimes investigated (41.93 months) is 61% higher than the property without violence or serious threat (25.94 months) crimes average, moving away a myth spread by common sense. Besides, criminal legislation produced after 1988, intentionally or not, makes a criminal legal normative consolidation of the Federal Constitution content, especially with respect to the supraindividual legal assets linked to white collars, either by the number of laws created or modified, either by the penalties provided. In the same way, legislative projects in relation to the theme have the same tendency to puniteve increase. Regarding the secondary criminalization process, gain special prominence COAF, which centralizes all communications, including those previously forwarded to other agencies (Central Bank, CVM, SUSEP and PREVIC). The operations performed by the Federal Police in relation to the white collar crimes, increased 1,500% between 2003 and 2010. However, between 2006 and 2012, the number of police inquiries initiated by the agency was reduced by 60%. The Public Prosecution Service does not have unified information about complaints offered. Regarding the Brazilian Judiciary, between the years 2000 and 2012, not only white collar crimes not only white collar crimes gave rise to a higher number of decisions in the surveyed courts, as well as resulted in a very large number of condemnatory decisions, far higher than acquittals and extinction of criminal liability. The criminal enforcement, however, continues with the profile of young prisoners, browns, with low education level, and that commit (mostly) crimes against property.
Barreto, Júnior José Neto. « Disfunções do sistema penal econômico : obstáculos à sua correção no Brasil ». Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4402.
Texte intégralCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This research, bibliographic indeed, has as a goal to investigate the principal difficulties to correct the dysfunction of the Penal Brazilian System. It displays the theory of socials systems, by Niklas Luhmann, and its main principles, where the society is seeing by an autopoietic system, which itself produces and generates several social subsystems, such as political, economic and juridical. The juridical system has as main link mechanism with the other social systems the Federal Constitution, by which we select the juridical goods that deserve the protection of the Penal Economic Subsystem. The research identifies the systemic failures, because the working of the Penal System does not give the real protection to the Economical Order foreseen by the Constitution. Brazil, in the perspective of its political, economical and juridical systems, as a transitional system subject to external interferences, we analyze the main obstacles coming from its condition of system in development that blocks the necessary adjusts in the Penal Economical Law, searching to demystify the misunderstanding social thoughts, that the aggravation of the Penal measures or the edition of more criminal laws will block the growth of criminal actions.
Este estudo, eminentemente bibliográfico, tem por objetivo investigar as principais dificuldades para a correção das disfunções do sistema penal econômico no Brasil. Apresenta a teoria dos sistemas sociais, de Niklas Luhmann, e seus principais fundamentos, pelos quais se compreende a sociedade como um sistema autopoiético, que produz a si mesmo e gera diversos subsistemas sociais, como o político, o econômico e o jurídico. O sistema jurídico tem como principal mecanismo de conexão com os demais sistemas sociais a Constituição Federal, por meio da qual seleciona os bens jurídicos que merecem a proteção do subsistema penal econômico. A pesquisa identifica as falhas sistêmicas, em razão das quais o funcionamento do sistema penal econômico não confere a devida proteção à ordem econômica prevista na Constituição. Em seguida, concebendo o Brasil, sob a perspectiva de seus sistemas político, jurídico e econômico, como um sistema transicional, sujeito à interferências externas, analisa os principais obstáculos decorrentes de sua condição de sistema em desenvolvimento, que impedem os ajustes necessários no Direito Penal Econômico, buscando desmistificar o equivocado pensamento social de que o agravamento das medidas penais, ou a edição de mais leis criminalizadoras impedirá o crescimento da criminalidade.
Shen, Hung-Wen. « The "small-firm" problem on standard and penalty setting with incomplete enforcement ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33613.
Texte intégralDechaux, Pierrick. « L'économie face aux enquêtes psychologiques 1944 -1960 : unité de la science économique, diversité des pratiques ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E025.
Texte intégralThis dissertation looks at the historical development of George Kantona's psychological surveys at the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan. The main legacy of this work has been the widespread adoption of confidence indicators. They are used each month by more than fifty countries and widely implemented by business managers and forecasters. How do we explain the widespread usage of these indicators despite a prevalent consensus in macroeconomics and microeconomics that does not consider them as important tools? In order to answer this question, we study several controversies that occurred around Michigan surveys between 1944 and 1960. It is shown that this era is characterized by many interdisciplinary exchanges guided by the practical needs of decision-makers in governments and private companies. I show that if economists know little about these debates, it is because they were maintained in disciplinary fields on the periphery of economics. These fields are centered on practical problems that theoretical economists progressively abandoned. This thesis offers a new way of understanding the history of recent macroeconomics and behavioral economics by proposing an analysis of the links between economic theory and its application in practice. For instance, the history of post-war intellectual dynamics cannot be reduced to theoretical innovations or to a new relationship between theory and empiricism. Indeed, these dynamics rely also on the transformation of the boundaries between the science and its art; between the economy on the one hand and marketing and forecasting on the other
Pincheira, Soto Pedro Pablo. « Las implicancias penales de los contadores y auditores como gatekeepers del mercado de valores ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2019. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/171477.
Texte intégralEn las últimas décadas, el sector financiero se ha ubicado como uno de los ámbitos de la economía que genera mayores ganancias anualmente, por lo que la regulación del mercado de valores se ha convertido en una preocupación creciente debido a su impacto en la economía tanto nacional como internacional. Por esta razón, los gatekeepers del mercado de valores como contadores y auditores, agencias clasificadoras de riesgos, analistas financieros, entre otros, ejercen como agentes privados encargados de controlar la confiabilidad de las informaciones que permiten transar valores en el mercado financiero, esta tarea los pone en una posición privilegiada para acceder a información que los organismos públicos no son capaces de captar, pero al mismo tiempo los expone a ser capturados por las sociedades a las que deben vigilar. El presente trabajo tiene por objeto introducir el concepto de gatekeepers a través de la caracterización de los rasgos fundamentales de su función en el contexto del mercado de valores, así como la revisión de casos nacionales e internacionales en los que se evidencia las consecuencias de una regulación deficiente y cuáles han sido las respuestas normativas a dichos escándalos financieros. Por último, se realiza un estudio del delito de falsedad documental y cómo su tratamiento en la regulación penal chilena se aplica a los contadores y auditores en su función como gatekeepers, específicamente a través del delito de dictamen falso del artículo 59 letra d) de la Ley de Mercado de Valores.
Salomi, Maíra Beauchamp. « O acordo de leniência e seus reflexos penais ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2136/tde-11102012-085658/.
Texte intégralThe modern world has undergone changes that justify the global concern with the increasing occurrence of criminal offenses against the economic order and with the difficulty the authorities face to ascertain them by investigation. Precisely to aid the authorities, looms the leniency agreement, a highly effective investigation instrument of broad use in foreign countries. In spite of that, this institute shall not be imported to our legal system as regularly applied abroad ignoring the rights of the delator and of flagrant disrespect to constitutional principles. Before this issue, the current paper has the objective to promote a critical analysis concerning the leniency agreement and the reflexes it triggers in the criminal field, in order to evidence the flaws and incompatibility of its procedure, as well as its unconstitutional aspects, by that, be able to contribute with its suitability to the criminal systemand to its development as a mean of investigation to fight crimes against the economic order, overall, the formation of cartel. Due to that, an initial study is proposed about the relation between Law and Economics, Competition Law, their interests and the need of tutelage containing the criminal manner and the competition by the State. Later, an analysis of anti-competitive conducts and of crimes against the economic order containing the impediments to the investigation of such criminal offenses. Resulting from this examination, there will be a presentation of the leniency agreement, its origins, regulations in other countries, so that, in addition to the ethical concerns that surround the agreement, be possible the fulfillment of critical appraisal to the effects it causes in the criminal field. Finally, in accordance to the need to support the institute, the current paper seeks to heal the gaps of the current legislation related to the theme including, the newly approved Law number 12.529/2011 proposing changes that aim at minimizing the discretion, subjectivism and juridical insecurity that permeates the agreement, in a way to adequate it to the constitutional precepts and make it become more engaging to the candidates.
Tisel, David. « Unfree Labor and American Capitalism : From Slavery to the Neoliberal-Penal State ». Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1368618418.
Texte intégralTeodoro, Frediano José Momesso. « A tutela penal da representatividade democrática : a criminalização do financiamento ilícito de partidos políticos ». Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19910.
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The relentless struggle for power has prompted political parties and their members to pursue resources whose amounts are increasingly staggering. The illegal provenance of campaign funds has been revealed in recent years, demonstrating that irregularities in political parties funding are tied to a wide range of previous crimes. The economic power abuse is such in political-electoral campaign across the globe that democratic representativeness is seriously compromised, mainly by unfair electoral competition process and by popular sovereignty relativization. Faced with the urgency of the lawless political financing issue and the ineffectiveness of the current rule, it is recognized the imperativeness of declare it as criminal offense. Consequently emerges the need to justify the criminalization of offensive actions against democratic representativeness, free democratic elections and others equally democratic institutes. In order to achieve such an aim, it is proposed to acknowledge the referred democratic institutes as assets protected against the economic power abuse by the criminal law. Through the application of harm principle theory, as guiding the present study, it is possible to justify the criminalization of democratic regime violations by the economic power abuses
A implacável luta pelo poder tem levado os partidos políticos e seus membros a perseguirem recursos cujas cifras são cada dia mais surpreendentes. A procedência ilícita de fundos para as campanhas eleitorais vem sendo revelada nos últimos anos, demonstrando que, muitas vezes, as irregularidades no financiamento dos partidos políticos estão atreladas a uma vasta gama de delitos antecedentes. O abuso do poder econômico é de tal ordem nas campanhas político-eleitorais de todo o globo, que a representatividade democrática está seriamente comprometida, principalmente pela concorrência desleal no processo eleitoral e pela relativização da soberania popular. Diante da urgência do tema do financiamento irregular de partidos políticos e da ineficácia da lei vigente, reconhece-se a imperatividade de sua criminalização. Consequentemente, surge a necessidade de justificar a tipificação penal de condutas atentatórias à representatividade democrática, à livre concorrência democrática no processo eleitoral e a outros institutos igualmente democráticos. Para se alcançar tal intento, propõe-se o reconhecimento dos aludidos institutos democráticos como bens jurídicos penalmente tuteláveis contra o abuso do poder econômico. A partir da aplicação da teoria de proteção do bem jurídico, como norteadora do presente estudo, é possível justificar a criminalização das condutas de abuso do poder econômico, violadoras do regime democrático
Talavera, Cano Andrés. « Regulating the Intolerance of Contractual Breaches ». IUS ET VERITAS, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123754.
Texte intégralPenalizar los incumplimientos permite una asignación eficiente de los riesgos en un contrato, asegurando y conservando el equilibrio contractual que las partes tuvieron en mente y plasmaron en su regulación contractual. El uso inteligente de las penalidades permitirá salvaguardar y mantener el equilibrio económico de los contratos, manteniendo así la rentabilidad de las operaciones comerciales perseguidas a través de ellos.
Panoeiro, José Maria de Castro. « Política criminal e direito penal econômico : um estudo interdisciplinar dos crimes econômicos e tributários ». Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7235.
Texte intégralThe work takes as an object the economic criminal law in its connections with the Criminal Policy in the context of the Brazilian Constitution and seeks to achieve the following purposes: to analyze the links between socio-economic model, criminal policy and punitive paradigm. Identify prospects of economic criminal law in the contemporary scenario of risk society. Examine assumptions, strands and Tax criminal law approach, focusing on social welfare tax legal approach, fiscal crime, money laundering, in the wake of white-collar crimes. From the methodological point of view, descriptive research was developed, based on dialectic-critical model, based on the assumption that the trajectory of the criminal law and its insertion in the economic field and accompanying tax the contradictions and socio-philosophical dominant values in society. At this rate, based on the doctrine, legislation and national and foreign jurisprudence, rereading of economic criminal law, from the Constitution and the welfare state model, which admits the intervention in the economic domain, in order to promote social justice. In addition, we analysis penal systems of various countries, to verify, in the scenario of economic globalization and the approximation of issues related to economic crime, as are facing problems related to configuration, the prosecution and punishment of such crimes. The conclusion points to the need for construction of a Criminal Policy of economic criminal law to take into account variables related to the economy and to the principles of criminal law, such as to promote adjustment of the penal system to constitutional values and principles, promoting a balance between individual and collective interests.
Salgado, Ricardo Baldacin. « O estado de necessidade nas condutas típicas praticadas na gestão de empresas ». Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/8992.
Texte intégralThe purpose of this study is to analyse the application of flagrant necessity at criminal actions described in law and put into practice on business management. The work boards the complexity of entrepreneurs activity and the difficulty that entrepreneurs and managers come to face on making business decisions. Considering the requirements of flagrant necessity, the study analyses how they should be verified in face of corporative world s reality and its complexity. It has been given emphasis to a carefull exam of the requisite about the agent s liability (the entrepreneur, administrator or manager) for bringing into danger (company crisis) that obliged him to practice a criminal action described in law (for example, not paying taxes). The study also discuss the several causes that are responsible for creating a crisis situation in a certain company and it has been suggested manners of verifying its origin effectively. The work observes flagrant necessity in the several penal codes that already took effect in Brazil, the main doctrinaire discussions that surround this theme and that are related to this work´s object and our court decisions about the subject
Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a aplicação do estado de necessidade nas condutas típicas praticadas na gestão de empresas. O trabalho aborda a complexidade da atividade empresarial e a dificuldade encontrada pelos empresários e administradores para a tomada de decisões e administração do negócio. Considerando os requisitos do estado de necessidade, analisa-se como devem ser eles verificados em face da realidade do mundo corporativo e sua complexidade. É dada ênfase para o aprofundamento do estudo no requisito acerca da responsabilidade do agente (o empresário, administrador ou gestor) pela criação do perigo (a crise empresarial) que o obrigou a prática de uma conduta típica (por exemplo, o não pagamento de impostos). São tratadas as diversas causas responsáveis por gerar uma situação de crise em determinada empresa e sugeridas formas de efetivamente se verificar a sua origem. Contempla o trabalho a abordagem do estado de necessidade nos diversos códigos penais que já vigoraram no Brasil, as principais discussões doutrinárias que envolvem este tema e se mostram pertinentes para o objeto da dissertação e julgados de nossos tribunais acerca do assunto
Monteiro, Marcel Stanlei. « H??bito no consumo, rolagem da d??vida e penalidade no mercado de cr??dito ». Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, 2014. https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/1968.
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This research investigated the existence of representative agents ' consumption habit of the Brazilian economy, using for this purpose, the model of Dubey, Geanakoplos and Shubik (2005), which received the incorporation of a term that represents the penalty applied to agents who take credit and subsequently missing with their financial commitments. It was used the model known as the Consumption-Based Capital Asset Pricing Model-CCAPM, to assign to the model of Dubey, Geanakoplos and Shubik (2005) generalization of infinite periods, instead of just two periods. Thus, to meet the objectives of this research, it has been estimated, through two utility functions, using the Generalized Method of Moments GMM, the inter-temporal discount factor consumption, also known as the impatience of the agents, the coefficient of relative risk aversion and the parameter that governs the separability of the time consumption. In addition, the penalty rate was calculated and, also, the scroll rate of these agents, debt relating to these calculations and estimates, information on the Brazilian economy, since 2000, making it possible to conclude that, for the period under examination, existed the habit in the consumption of representative agents, all of whom were penalized whenever preferred not to pay their obligations, which occasioned in the scrolling your debt. In addition, it was concluded that these agents are impatient and risk-averse and, also, that the important role played credit to contribute to growth and economic development.
Esta disserta????o investigou a exist??ncia do h??bito no consumo dos agentes representativos da economia brasileira, utilizando, para tanto, o modelo de Dubey, Geanakoplos e Shubik (2005), que recebeu a incorpora????o de um termo que representa a penalidade aplicada aos agentes que tomam cr??dito e, posteriormente, faltam com seus compromissos financeiros assumidos. Utilizou-se, ainda, o modelo conhecido como Consumption-Based Capital Asset Pricing Model CCAPM, para que fosse poss??vel atribuir ao modelo de Dubey, Geanakoplos e Shubik (2005) a generaliza????o de infinitos per??odos, ao inv??s de apenas dois per??odos. Assim, para atender aos objetivos desta pesquisa, estimou-se, atrav??s de duas fun????es de utilidade, pelo M??todo dos Momentos Generalizados GMM, o fator de desconto intertemporal do consumo, tamb??m conhecido como a impaci??ncia dos agentes, o coeficiente de avers??o relativa ao risco e o par??metro que rege a separabilidade do consumo no tempo. Al??m disso, foi calculada a taxa penalidade e, tamb??m, a taxa da rolagem da d??vida desses agentes, relacionando a esses c??lculos e estima????es, informa????es sobre a economia brasileira, desde 2000, o que possibilitou concluir que, para o per??odo analisado, existiu o h??bito no consumo dos agentes representativos, os quais foram penalizados sempre que preferiram n??o pagar seus compromissos assumidos, o que ocasionou na rolagem de sua d??vida. Al??m disso, chegou-se ?? conclus??o de que esses agentes s??o impacientes e avessos ao risco e, tamb??m, que o cr??dito desempenhou o importante papel de contribuir para o crescimento e o desenvolvimento econ??mico.