Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Pelagic Fisheries »

Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Province, has the potential for pelagic fish, especially large pelagic fish, namely tuna, skipjack and cob, which are very prospective. The majority of fishermen in Mamuju Regency use fishing rods to catch large pelagic fish. Fishing rod fishermen with a large pelagic catch target are in Mamuju Regency, Simboro District, precisely in Sumare Village but currently it is known that there has been a decrease in the number of fishing rod fishermen in Mamuju Regency since the last 5 years experiencing a decrease in production. This study aims to determine the status of small-scale capture fisheries in a sustainability perspective according to ecological, technological, social and economic dimensions for small-scale fisheries in Mamuju Regency, and recommendations for sustainable capture fisheries. The study was conducted using qualitative methods using Rapfish analysis to determine the sustainability of fishing efforts. The results showed the highest dimensions in fish resources (70.13) and fishing technology (50.06) which means quite sustainable (good) while in the social dimension (38.47) and economic dimension (28.75) in the bad category which means there needs to be special attention in handling.

<p><em>Acoustic </em><em>method can be used to objectively solve various scientific purposes and management, especially in fisheries field. Banda Sea is a part of fisheries management area (FMA) 714 which is dominated by small pelagic fish according to 2010 Fisheries Statistics. The dominant pelagic fish in Banda is scad (Decapterus spp.) which belongs to small pelagic fish and is commonly caught in Banda Sea. The objective of this research is to estimate small pelagic fish density through spatial and temporal distribution as informaion on fisheries resources in Banda Sea, especially the location and depthwhere scad is abundant and foundin the highest density. Acoustic survey was conducted on 3-18 February 2016. Spatially, density measurement showed that the small pelagic fish distribution in Banda Sea spreadedalong the track of data acquisition and had the highest density in theswimming depth of 5</em><em>-20 m. Moreoverhigh density of scad was tended to be found near the slopes of the sea close to the mainland. Temporally,small pelagic fish tended to travel in groups at the day and disperse at night. Density of small pelagic fish distribution according to daily distribution is commonly found at night (06.00 p.m.-05.00 a.m. GMT+8) and dawn (05.00 a.m.-06.00 a.m. GMT+8).</em> <em></em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>Banda Sea, fishdensity, small pelagic fish, spatial, temporal</em><em> </em></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Abstrakisi">Metode akustik dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi berbagai tujuan ilmiah dan manajemen secara objektif terutama dibidang perikanan, dan berhasil memberikan manfaat. Laut Banda merupakan bagian dari wilayah pengelolaan perikanan (WPP) 714 dengan sumberdaya ikan didominasi oleh kelompok ikan pelagisberdasarkan data Statistik Perikanan tahun 2010. Jenis ikan pelagis yang dominan di perairan Laut Banda adalah ikan layang (<em>Decapterus </em>spp.) yang termasuk kedalamkelompok ikan pelagis kecil dan banyak dimanfaatkan di Laut Banda. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengestimasi densitas ikan pelagis kecil secara spastial dan temporal sebagai informasi mengenai sumber daya perikanan di Laut Banda terutama lokasi dan kedalaman ikan pelagis kecil yang banyak ditemukan. Survei akustikdilaksanakan pada tanggal 3-18 Februari 2016 di Laut Banda.Perhitungan densitas secara spasial densitas ikan pelagis kecil menunjukkan hasil sebaran ikan pelagis kecil di perairan Laut Banda menyebar sesuai lintasan survei dan memiliki ukuran densitas ikan tertinggi berada di kedalaman renang 5-20 meter dengan densitas ikan cenderung tinggi berada di lereng laut yang dekat dengan daratan utama. Secara temporal, tingkah laku ikan pelagis pada siang hari cenderung membentuk kelompok, sedangkan pada malam hari cenderung menyebar. Sebaran densitas ikan pelagis kecil berdasarkan distribusi harian lebih banyak ditemukan pada waktu malam (18.00-05.00 WITA) dan rembang fajar (05.00-06.00 WITA).</p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> densitas ikan, ikan pelagis kecil, Laut Banda, spasial, temporal

Climate-related effects occur across all regions in Tanzania, affecting primary sectors such as agriculture and fishing. This study investigated the impacts of climatic change on small pelagic catches in fishers in Kilindoni, Kipumbwi and Kilwa Kivinje villages along the Tanzanian coast. We studied how changes in rainfall, sea surface temperature, wind speed and chlorophyll a affect small pelagic fisheries using primary and secondary data. Qualitative and quantitative methods were applied. Primary data collection involved questionnaires, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Secondary data was obtained from Tanzania Meteorological Agency and remote sensing from Modi's sensor. Results showed an increase in sea surface temperature (tau = 0.0151, 0.0121, 0.0238 for Kilindoni, Kilwa Kivinje and Kipumbwi, respectively) and unpredictable changes in rainfall patterns which affected small pelagic fisheries. The average rainfall was 284.6, 97.5 and 56.4 mm in Kilindoni, Kilwa Kivinje and Kipumbwi, respectively. In recent years, rain has been unreliable compared to the past 20 years. Unpredictable rainfall, increased sea surface temperature, wind speed and chlorophyll a had negatively impacted the small pelagic fishery. There was a strong relationship between the decline of small pelagic catches and climatic variables. The findings of this study have implications for coastal fisher's livelihood, income and food security.
 Keywords: Coastal communities; small pelagic fishery; climate change; fisheries; livelihood

Nelayan penangkap ikan yang efektif membutuhkan informasi sumberdaya ikan dan pola penyebarannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola sebaran sumber daya ikan yang dikaitkan dengan kondisi oseanografi WPP-NRI 715. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan kombinasi metode hidroakustik dan profiling CTD pada stasiun oseanografi yang dirancang secara parallel pada jarak tertentu di lintasan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, estimasi ukuran ikan pelagis yang terdeteksi didominasi oleh ukuran kecil. Ikan pelagis kecil yang terdeteksi didominasi ukuran ikan antara 12-14 cm dan ikan pelagis besar ukuran ikan 28-31 cm. Kepadatan ikan pelagis kecil cenderung menurun dengan rerata faktor 0,4 dengan bertambahnya kedalaman, sebaliknya meningkat dengan rerata faktor 1,7 untuk ikan pelagis besar. Pada saat observasi, dikawasan perairan Laut Maluku bagian timur diindikasikan terjadinya upwelling ditandai dengan suhu rendah, salinitas tinggi, dan klorofil tinggi. Ikan pelagis besar lebih banyak ditemukan pada lokasi yang memiliki karakteristik suhu dan DO yang relatif lebih tinggi sedangkan salinitas lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan lapisan air yang didominasi ikan pelagis kecil. Informasi pola sebaran ikan pelagis ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan rujukan bagi pelaku perikanan tangkap dan masukan untuk bahan perumusan kebijakan pengelolaan perikanan tangkap yang berkelanjutan.Effective commercial fishers need information on fish resources and their distribution pattern. This study aims to determine distribution of fish resources in Indonesian FMA 715 through tracking hydroacoustic method and CTD profiling at stations within regular distances. The results showed that the estimated size of pelagic fish was dominated by small size fish groups. Small pelagic fish were detected at the size ranged between 12-14 cm and large pelagic fish was dominated by the size of 28-31cm. The density of small pelagic fish decreases with depth with average factor of 0.4, while the large pelagic fish with average factor of 1.7. An indicated upwelling incidence was likely occurred in the eastern part of Mollucas sea region, which were characterized by the low temperature, high salinity and high chlorophyll concentrations. Large pelagic fish were more occasionally found in locations with relatively higher temperature, DO characteristics and lower salinity compared with small pelagic fish. Information on the distribution pattern of pelagic fish is expected to be used as a reference for capture fishermen and inputs in formulating the policy the sustainable fisheries management.