Articles de revues : « Path flow »

1

Camplejohn, Richard S. « Flow cytometry ». Journal of Pathology 166, n^o 3 (mars 1992) : 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.1711660317.

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SRajput, U., et Bal Govind Shukla. « Path Factorization Induced Network Flow ». International Journal of Computer Applications 121, n^o 16 (18 juillet 2015) : 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/21626-4929.

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Li, L., et J. C. K. Cheng. « Perceiving path from optic flow ». Journal of Vision 11, n^o 1 (26 janvier 2011) : 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/11.1.22.

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Cheng, J., et L. Li. « Perceiving path from optic flow ». Journal of Vision 11, n^o 11 (23 septembre 2011) : 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/11.11.908.

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Cheng, Lin, Yasunori Iida et Nobuhiro Uno. « A STOCHASTIC FLOW-DEPENDENT MODEL FOR PATH FLOW ESTIMATION ». INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING REVIEW 18 (2001) : 573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalip.18.573.

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ZHOU, Mingzheng, Ruichang ZHAO, Liuli SUN et Huanran FAN. « ICONE23-1352 SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF INLET FLOW FIELD FOR AIR FLOW PATH OF PASSIVE CONTAINMENT COOLING SYSTEM ». Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE) 2015.23 (2015) : _ICONE23–1—_ICONE23–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicone.2015.23._icone23-1_163.

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Park, Jun-Yong, Bo-Ra Kim, Deok-Young Sohn, Yun-Ho Choi et Yong-Hee Lee. « A Study on Flow Characteristics and Flow Uniformity for the Efficient Design of a Flow Frame in a Redox Flow Battery ». Applied Sciences 10, n^o 3 (31 janvier 2020) : 929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10030929.

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As global environmental problems are worsening, the efficiency of storage systems for renewable energy are gaining importance. The redox flow battery (RFB), a promising energy storage system (ESS), is a device that generates or stores electricity through reduction–oxidation reactions between active materials constituting electrolytes. Herein, we proposed a flow frame design that reduces flow resistance in the flow path and causes uniform flow distribution in the electrode to develop an efficient redox flow battery. Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental verification, we investigated the flow characteristics and flow uniformity inside the conventional redox flow battery cell. An analysis of the flow characteristics of the conventional flow frame revealed a non-uniform distribution of the flow discharged to the electrodes, owing to the complex (branched) flow path geometry of the inlet channel. To address this problem, we proposed a new flow frame design that removed and integrated bifurcations in the flow path. This new design significantly improved flow uniformity parameters, such as the symmetry coefficient ( C s y m ), variability range coefficient ( R i ), and maximum flow rate deviation ( D m ). Ultimately, we decreased the pressure drop by 15.3% by reducing the number of flow path bifurcations and chevron repositioning.

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Fukugami, Takato, et Tomofumi Matsuzawa. « Improvement of Network Flow Using Multi-Commodity Flow Problem ». Network 3, n^o 2 (4 avril 2023) : 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/network3020012.

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In recent years, Internet traffic has increased due to its widespread use. This can be attributed to the growth of social games on smartphones and video distribution services with increasingly high image quality. In these situations, a routing mechanism is required to control congestion, but most existing routing protocols select a single optimal path. This causes the load to be concentrated on certain links, increasing the risk of congestion. In addition to the optimal path, the network has redundant paths leading to the destination node. In this study, we propose a multipath control with multi-commodity flow problem. Comparing the proposed method with OSPF, which is single-path control, and OSPF-ECMP, which is multipath control, we confirmed that the proposed method records higher packet arrival rates. This is expected to reduce congestion.

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Ellmore, Timothy M., et Bruce L. McNaughton. « Human Path Integration by Optic Flow ». Spatial Cognition & ; Computation 4, n^o 3 (septembre 2004) : 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15427633scc0403_3.

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Sillekens, W. H., J. H. Dautzenberg et J. A. G. Kals. « Strain Path Dependence of Flow Curves ». CIRP Annals 40, n^o 1 (1991) : 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)61981-7.

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METZGER, P., K. FRIEDRICH, H. MULLERSTEINHAGEN et G. SCHILLER. « SOFC characteristics along the flow path ». Solid State Ionics 177, n^o 19-25 (15 octobre 2006) : 2045–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2006.06.019.

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Kadle, Durgaprasad S. « 4831844 Condenser with improved flow path ». Heat Recovery Systems and CHP 10, n^o 1 (janvier 1990) : xiii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-4332(90)90302-z.

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Pióro, Michał, Ilya Kalesnikau et Michael Poss. « Path Generation for Affine Flow Thinning ». Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics 64 (février 2018) : 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.endm.2018.02.010.

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Song, Peng, Pei Ling Yang, Fei Peng Xu et Chun Fa Zhou. « Effects of Parameters Variation of Fractal Flow Path on the Emitter Hydraulic Performance with Path Analysis ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (septembre 2013) : 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.222.

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Flow path is one of the key components of drip irrigation emitter. Four factors of fractal flow path section area, length, tooth highness and tooth number are interosculated nearly each other, and the influencing process of flow path to hydraulic performance parameters was analyzed with path analysis. The section area and length of the flow path were the main factor affecting on the flow exponent and flow coefficient of drip irrigation emitter, and other ones less. Reducing the section area could debase the emitter flow exponent, and reducing section area and increasing the length of fractal flow path could debase the flow coefficient.

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JIANG, Qi, Shigeto AKATSUKA, Akiko KANEKO et Yutaka ABE. « Flow Visualization in Tiny flow path of rotating coaxial cylinders ». Proceedings of Conference of Kanto Branch 2020 (13 mars 2020) : 17B07. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekanto.2020.17b07.

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de Grange, Louis, Felipe González et Shlomo Bekhor. « Path Flow and Trip Matrix Estimation Using Link Flow Density ». Networks and Spatial Economics 17, n^o 1 (2 avril 2016) : 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11067-016-9322-1.

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Bogdanov, Andrey. « THE SHORTEST PATH PROBLEM IN LOGISTICS ». Journal Scientific and Applied Research 11, n^o 1 (3 mars 2017) : 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/jsar.v11i1.214.

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The shortest path problem is one of the fundamental network flow problems. A large number of problems from diverse areas such as routing in telecommunication networks are an intrinsic part of this problem. The report examines different algorithms to solve this major problem for logistics.

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Chiba, Ryosuke, Tamio Arai et Jun Ota. « Flow Path Network Design for Robust AGV Systems Against Tasks Using Competitive Coevolution ». Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 22, n^o 4 (20 août 2010) : 475–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2010.p0475.

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An effective and robust flow path network is desired in Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) systems. A design process to obtain the desired flow path network in AGV systems is proposed in this paper. Our proposed method can make flow path networks robust against tasks, which include pick-up point, drop-off point and throughput and number of AGVs . It is important for this robust flow path network that the kinds of tasks be of various and non-linear to the system effectiveness. The problem is solved by the design method of various kinds of tasks that are difficult for AGV systems using Genetic Algorithm (GA). An effective flow path network is designed with GA simultaneously because the difficult tasks and number of AGVs depend on the flow path networks. Competitive coevolution is applied to the simultaneous design. AGV systems can be effective with uni/bi-directional combined flow path networks which utilize just simple routings. Results of the design are shown through simulations, and the designed flow path network makes it possible to complete various tasks with various numbers of AGVs.

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Svoboda, Dmitry, Igor Borshchev, Aleksandr Zharkovskii, Evgeniy Tvanov et Arsentiy Klyuyev. « CFD computation of flow in the flow path of a torque flow pump ». E3S Web of Conferences 207 (2020) : 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020704005.

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The results are presented of numerical and experimental research of fluid flow in the flow path of a torque flow pump with specific speed ns ;: 55. The 3D methods of CFD have been shown to allow for predicting energy characteristics of this type of pumps with a sufficient accuracy. According to the results of flow visualization the work process has been analysed and conclusions drawn to enhance TFP efficiency.

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Ammons, Glenn, et James R. Larus. « Improving data-flow analysis with path profiles ». ACM SIGPLAN Notices 33, n^o 5 (mai 1998) : 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/277652.277665.

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Neuimin, V. M. « Steam Turbine Flow Path Seals (a Review) ». Thermal Engineering 65, n^o 3 (mars 2018) : 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0040601518030059.

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Ammons, Glenn, et James R. Larus. « Improving data-flow analysis with path profiles ». ACM SIGPLAN Notices 39, n^o 4 (avril 2004) : 568–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/989393.989451.

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Bell, Michael G. H., Caroline M. Shield, Fritz Busch et Gunter Kruse. « A stochastic user equilibrium path flow estimator ». Transportation Research Part C : Emerging Technologies 5, n^o 3-4 (août 1997) : 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0968-090x(97)00009-0.

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Bell, Michael G. H., Chris Cassir, Sergio Grosso et Stuart J. Clement. « Path Flow Estimation in Traffic System Management ». IFAC Proceedings Volumes 30, n^o 8 (juin 1997) : 1247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)43992-9.

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Chootinan, Piya, et Anthony Chen. « Confidence interval estimation for path flow estimator ». Transportation Research Part B : Methodological 45, n^o 10 (décembre 2011) : 1680–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2011.07.001.

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Felstaine, Eyal, Eldad Chai, Niv Gilboa et Avi Elisha. « Distributed flow detection over multi-path sessions ». Computer Communications 33, n^o 7 (mai 2010) : 816–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2009.12.002.

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Hartvigsen, David B., et Donald K. Wagner. « Recognizing max-flow min-cut path matrices ». Operations Research Letters 7, n^o 1 (février 1988) : 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6377(88)90050-8.

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Leno, I. Jerin, S. Saravanasankar et S. G. Ponnambalam. « Layout Design for Efficient Material Flow Path ». Procedia Engineering 38 (2012) : 872–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.06.110.

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Sadiq, Bashir Olaniyi, et A. T. Salawudeen. « FANET optimization : a destination path flow model ». International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, n^o 4 (1 août 2020) : 4381. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp4381-4389.

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Closed-loop routing in flying ad hoc networks (FANET) arises as a result of the quick changes of communication links and topology. As such, causing link breakage during information dissemination. This paper proposed a destination path flow model to improve the communication link in FANET. The models utilized Smell Agent Optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms in managing link establishment between communicating nodes. The modeled scenario depicts the practical application of FANET in media and sports coverage where only one vendor is given the license for live coverage and must relay to other vendors. Three different scenarios using both optimization Algorithms were presented. From the result obtained, the SAO optimizes the bandwidth costs much better than PSO with a percentage improvement of 10.46%, 4.04% and 3.66% with respect to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd scenarios respectively. In the case of communication delay between the FANET nodes, the PSO has a much better communication delay over SAO with percentage improvement of 40.89%, 50.26% and 68.85% in the first, second and third scenarios respectively.

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Hund, S., J. F. Antaki et O. Ghattas. « OPTIMAL FLOW PATH DESIGN OF A CANNULA ». ASAIO Journal 50, n^o 2 (mars 2004) : 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002480-200403000-00131.

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Quirke, P., et J. E. D. Dyson. « Flow cytometry : Methodology and applications in pathology ». Journal of Pathology 149, n^o 2 (juin 1986) : 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.1711490202.

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Zhang, Zhuo, et Jian Ping Gao. « Research on Longitudinal Slope of Highway Based on Control by Flow Path Length ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (mai 2012) : 1672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1672.

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Flow path on the highway is longer, driving exits the more dangerous. Based on the mechanical theory, the calculation models of the flow path length in different sections were built by FDM and multiple linear regression method. The flow path length of different section and different longitudinal slope was studied. The results show that: in addition to straight line and circle curve, when the number of lane is more than 4 and longitudinal slope is greater than 4%, the flow path length at other sections almost exceeded the prescribed value. Made the flow path length as control index, the amendment value on the maximum longitudinal slope of highway is proposed.

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Wang, Zuwen. « EFFECT OF FLOW PATH ON FLOW CHARACTERISTIC OF PNEUMATIC SPOOL VALVES ». Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 40, n^o 02 (2004) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2004.02.001.

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Hendrix, Rik HJ, Alexander KS Yeung, Yuri M. Ganushchak et Patrick W. Weerwind. « The effect of flow and pressure on the intraoxygenator flow path of different contemporary oxygenators : an in vitro trial ». Perfusion 35, n^o 7 (14 février 2020) : 658–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267659119899883.

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Introduction: This study analyzed the effect of different flows and pressures on the intraoxygenator flow path in three contemporary oxygenators and its consequences for oxygen transfer efficiency. Methods: In an experimental setup, intraoxygenator flow path parameters were analyzed at post-oxygenator pressures of 150, 200, and 250 mm Hg and at flows ranging from 2 L/min to the oxygenators’ maximum permitted flow, with and without pulsatility. The oxygen gradient and the oxygen transfer per minute and per 100 mL blood were calculated using previously collected clinical data and compared with the flow path parameters. Results: Increasing pressure did not affect the flow path parameters, whereas pulsatile flow led to significantly increased dynamic oxygenator blood volumes. Increased flow resulted in decreased values of the flow path parameters in all oxygenators, indicating increased flow through short pathways in the oxygenator. In parallel, oxygen transfer/100 mL blood decreased in all oxygenators (average 2.5 ± 0.4 to 2.4 ± 0.3 mL/dL, p > 0.001) and the oxygen gradient increased from 229 ± 45 to 287 ± 29 mm Hg, p > 0.001, indicating decreased oxygen transfer efficiency. Oxygen transfer/min increased (101 ± 15 to 143 ± 20 mL/min/m2, p > 0.001), however, due to the increased flow through the oxygenator. Conclusion: Varying trans-membrane oxygenator pressures did not lead to changes in the intraoxygenator flow path, while an increased flow exhibited lower flow path parameters resulting in less efficient use of the gas exchange compartment. The latter was confirmed by a decrease in O2 transfer efficiency during higher blood flows.

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Stepanov, B. S., et R. K. Yafyazova. « THE PHENOMENON OF AN EPOSITIVE INCREASE IN THE DENSITY OF THE MURDER MASS – THE CONSEQUENCE OF ITS AMBIGUOUS DEPENDENCE ON THE SLOPE WAYS OF MOVEMENT ». Hydrometeorology and ecology 105, n^o 2 (20 décembre 2022) : 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54668/2789-6323-2022-105-2-59-77.

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The characteristics of each local volume of debris flow are continuously changing depending on the characteristics: a path of its movement (slope, width and roughness of channel), dis-charge, granulometric and mineralogical compositions of debris involved in debris-flow-formation, density, viscosity and plasticity of debris-flow mass, etc. Up to now, it believes that the debris-flow mass density depends unambiguously on the slope of path of a debris-flow. As a result of experimental and theoretical studies carried out at the Kazakh Research Hydrometeorological Institute (KazNIGMI), it was found that the course of the debris-flow process depends on the density of debris-flow mass. Identification of the ambiguity of the debris-flow mass density from the slope of the debris flow path led to the discovery of a nat-ural phenomenon: an abrupt change of the density of debris-flow mass when the critical val-ue of the slope of the debris flow path is exceeded (the Stepanov’s effect). Taking into ac-count the ambiguity of the debris-flow mass density from the slope of the debris flow path is a key element in computing debris flow characteristics.

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Hoznedl, Michal. « Efficiency calculation on 10 MW experimental steam turbine ». MATEC Web of Conferences 168 (2018) : 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816806001.

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The paper deals with defining flow path efficiency of an experimental steam turbine by using measurement of flow, torque, pressures and temperatures. The configuration of the steam turbine flow path is briefly described. Measuring points and devices are defined. The paper indicates the advantages as well as disadvantages of flow path efficiency measurement using enthalpy and torque on the shaft. The efficiency evaluation by the help pressure and temperature measurement is influenced by flow parameter distribution and can provide different values of flow path efficiency. The efficiency determination by using of torque and mass flow measurement is more accurate and it is recommended for using. The disadvantage is relatively very complicated and expensive measuring system.

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Kim, Jeongyun, Sehyun Tak, Michel Bierlaire et Hwasoo Yeo. « Trajectory Data Analysis on the Spatial and Temporal Influence of Pedestrian Flow on Path Planning Decision ». Sustainability 12, n^o 24 (13 décembre 2020) : 10419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410419.

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The modeling of walking behavior and design of walk-friendly urban pathways have been of interest to many researchers over the past decades. One of the major issues in pedestrian modeling is path planning decision-making in a dynamic walking environment with different pedestrian flows. While previous studies have agreed that pedestrian flow influences path planning, only a few studies have dealt with the empirical data to show the relationship between pedestrian flow and path planning behavior. This study introduces a new methodology for analyzing pedestrian trajectory data to find the dynamic walking conditions that influence the path planning decision. The comparison of the pedestrians’ path shows that the higher proportion of opposite flows are, the greater they influence the path selection decision. In this study, we investigate the relationship between the opposite flow changes and path planning behavior and find the spatial and temporal ranges of the opposite flow that affects the path planning behavior. Lastly, we find the ratio of pedestrians that update their paths with respect to the opposite flow rate.

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FUMIZAWA, Motoo, Suguru TANAKA, Isaku BUMA, Megumu Hashimoto et Shuhei OHKAWA. « E213 Visualization of exchange flow and simulation of flow rate in inclined flow path ». Proceedings of the National Symposium on Power and Energy Systems 2013.18 (2013) : 401–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmepes.2013.18.401.

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Johnson, Gary W., Kenneth J. Bagstad, Robert R. Snapp et Ferdinando Villa. « Service Path Attribution Networks (SPANs) ». International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 3, n^o 2 (juillet 2012) : 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jaeis.2012070104.

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Ecosystem services are the effects on human well-being of the flow of benefits from ecosystems to people over given extents of space and time. The Service Path Attribution Network (SPAN) model provides a spatial framework for determining the topology and strength of these flows and identifies the human and ecological features which give rise to them. As an aid to decision-making, this approach discovers dependencies between provision and usage endpoints, spatial competition among users for scarce resources, and areas of highest likely impact on ecosystem service flows. Particularly novel is the model’s ability to quantify services provided by the absence of a flow. SPAN models have been developed for a number of services (scenic views, proximity to open space, carbon sequestration, flood mitigation, nutrient cycling, and avoided sedimentation/deposition), which vary in scale of effect, mechanism of provision and use, and type of flow. Results using real world data are shown for the US Puget Sound region.

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Aunapu, Nicole V., Ralph J. Volino, Karen A. Flack et Ryan M. Stoddard. « Secondary Flow Measurements in a Turbine Passage With Endwall Flow Modification ». Journal of Turbomachinery 122, n^o 4 (1 février 2000) : 651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1311286.

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A flow modification technique is introduced in an attempt to allow increased turbine inlet temperatures. A large-scale two half-blade cascade simulator is used to model the secondary flow between two adjacent turbine blades. Various flow visualization techniques and measurements are used to verify that the test section replicates the flow of an actual turbine engine. Two techniques are employed to modify the endwall secondary flow, specifically the path of the passage vortex. Six endwall jets are installed at a location downstream of the saddle point near the leading edge of the pressure side blade. These wall jets are found to be ineffective in diverting the path of the passage vortex. The second technique utilizes a row of 12 endwall jets whose positions along the centerline of the passage are based on results from an optimized boundary layer fence. The row of jets successfully diverts the path of the passage vortex and decreases its effect on the suction side blade. This can be expected to increase the effectiveness of film cooling in that area. The row of jets increases the aerodynamic losses in the passage, however. Secondary flow measurements are presented showing the development of the endwall flow, both with and without modification. [S0889-504X(00)01004-7]

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Li, Guang, Wen Tie Niu, Da Wei Zhang et Wei Guo Gao. « An Adaptive Changeability Approach of Flow Path Feature in Hydraulic Manifold Blocks Design ». Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (août 2011) : 787–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.787.

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The connection design of flow path is the most important task in Hydraulic Manifold Blocks (HMB) design. But the traditional method of feature design can not dynamically change the topology configuration and parameters of flow path when the design changed. This paper use a hybrid model consisting of temporary body model and B-Rep model, and represent flow path pattern using adjacency graph, adjacency matrix, weight matrix and degree array. The design parameters can be optimized by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA2). The topology configuration of flow path can adaptively change according to the design change.

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Astaneh, Saeed A., Shahram Shah Heydari, Sara Taghavi Motlagh et Alireza Izaddoost. « Trade-offs between Risk and Operational Cost in SDN Failure Recovery Plan ». Future Internet 14, n^o 9 (13 septembre 2022) : 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14090263.

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We consider the problem of SDN flow optimization in the presence of a dynamic probabilistic link failures model. We introduce a metric for path risk, which can change dynamically as network conditions and failure probabilities change. As these probabilities change, the end-to-end path survivability probability may drop, i.e., its risk may rise. The main objective is to reroute at-risk end-to-end flows with the minimum number of flow operation so that a fast flow recovery is guaranteed. We provide various formulations for optimizing network risk versus operational costs and examine the trade-offs in flow recovery and the connections between operational cost, path risk, and path survival probability. We present our suboptimal dynamic flow restoration methods and evaluate their effectiveness against the Lagrangian relaxation approach. Our results show a significant improvement in operational cost against a shortest-path approach.

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Curry, Robert M., et J. Cole Smith. « Models and algorithms for maximum flow problems having semicontinuous path flow constraints ». IISE Transactions 50, n^o 6 (19 mars 2018) : 484–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24725854.2017.1415491.

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Chen, Yumin, Qiming Zhou, Sheng Li, Fanrui Meng, Xiaomei Bi, John P. Wilson, Zisheng Xing, Junyu Qi, Qiang Li et Chengfu Zhang. « The simulation of surface flow dynamics using a flow-path network model ». International Journal of Geographical Information Science 28, n^o 11 (22 mai 2014) : 2242–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2014.917312.

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Shams, Reza, et Saeed Shad. « Experimental study of two-phase oil – Polymer flow in horizontal flow path ». Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 100 (janvier 2019) : 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2018.08.028.

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Naoi, Kuniaki, et Naohisa Takahashi. « Program slicing based on data-flow computation of path dependence flow graphs ». Systems and Computers in Japan 28, n^o 11 (octobre 1997) : 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199710)28:11<22 ::aid-scj3>3.0.co;2-m.

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Miller, J. J., T. Curtis, D. S. Chanasyk, S. Reedyk et W. D. Willms. « Effectiveness of soil in vegetated buffers to retain nutrients and sediment transported by concentrated runoff through deep gullies ». Canadian Journal of Soil Science 96, n^o 2 (1 juin 2016) : 154–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2015-0038.

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Little research has evaluated naturally vegetated buffers to retain pollutants in soil from concentrated runoff through deep (2–14 m) gullies. Soil enrichment in the flow path of 11 naturally vegetated gullies in southern Alberta, Canada, was used as a long-term signature of filtering during concentrated flow. Soil was sampled at three depth intervals (0–2.5, 2.5–5, and 5–10 cm) along two 50-m transects inside and outside the flow path of the vegetated gullies in each of 3 yr (2011–2013). The influence of soil type, flow path (inside vs. outside), distance into vegetated flow path, depth, and their interactions on enrichment of nutrients (NH4–N, NO3–N, soil test P (STP), total P) and particle size fractions (clay, silt, and sand) was determined. Significantly (P ≤ 0.05) greater enrichment of nutrients and specific particle size fractions inside than outside the flow path of the vegetated gully suggested that greater deposition occurred inside the concentrated flow path. In contrast, there was little evidence for enrichment of nutrients and sediment at the front or inlet of the buffer (except STP), or for infiltration of more soluble nutrients into the subsoil. Soil enrichment in buffers may reveal long-term filtering processes that may not be shown with short-term runoff experiments.

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Li, Guang, Wen Tie Niu, Da Wei Zhang et Wei Guo Gao. « A Flow Path Generation Approach of Hydraulic Manifold Blocks Based on Maze and Genetic Algorithms ». Advanced Materials Research 338 (septembre 2011) : 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.338.106.

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The automatic generation of flow path is the key and most difficult task in Hydraulic Manifold Blocks (HMB) design. This paper divides the HMB layout space into grids, and sets the HMB boundaries and existing flow paths to obstacles, and the paths generated using maze algorithm are regarded as the initial population of genetic algorithm. The optimal path with the shortest path and least turnings can be obtained using genetic algorithm. The ports of flow path can be connected after the generation of technical holes based on the blind holes. The design parameters of holes, such as starting point coordinates, orientations and depths, can be obtained through a series of algorithms, and then drive the secondary development system HMBDesigner based on SolidWorks to generate three-dimensional solid model. This paper also discusses the generation method of multi-port flow path and multiple flow paths.

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KUZUU, Kazuto. « Flow Visualization by a Surface Path Rendering Method ». Transactions of the Visualization Society of Japan 21, n^o 12 (2001) : 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/tvsj.21.144.

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Boping, Han. « The measures of flow path diversity in ecosystems ». Biodiversity Science 04, n^o 2 (1996) : 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17520/biods.1996019.

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